1
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Cafaro A, Schietroma I, Sernicola L, Belli R, Campagna M, Mancini F, Farcomeni S, Pavone-Cossut MR, Borsetti A, Monini P, Ensoli B. Role of HIV-1 Tat Protein Interactions with Host Receptors in HIV Infection and Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1704. [PMID: 38338977 PMCID: PMC10855115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Each time the virus starts a new round of expression/replication, even under effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), the transactivator of viral transcription Tat is one of the first HIV-1 protein to be produced, as it is strictly required for HIV replication and spreading. At this stage, most of the Tat protein exits infected cells, accumulates in the extracellular matrix and exerts profound effects on both the virus and neighbor cells, mostly of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Through these effects, extracellular Tat contributes to the acquisition of infection, spreading and progression to AIDS in untreated patients, or to non-AIDS co-morbidities in ART-treated individuals, who experience inflammation and immune activation despite virus suppression. Here, we review the role of extracellular Tat in both the virus life cycle and on cells of the innate and adaptive immune system, and we provide epidemiological and experimental evidence of the importance of targeting Tat to block residual HIV expression and replication. Finally, we briefly review vaccine studies showing that a therapeutic Tat vaccine intensifies ART, while its inclusion in a preventative vaccine may blunt escape from neutralizing antibodies and block early events in HIV acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Cafaro
- National HIV/AIDS Research Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.S.); (L.S.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (S.F.); (M.R.P.-C.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Ensoli
- National HIV/AIDS Research Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (I.S.); (L.S.); (R.B.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (S.F.); (M.R.P.-C.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
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2
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Yang L, Yang L, Lu K, Su N, Li X, Guo S, Xue S, Lian F, Feng C. 3D Chiral Self-Assembling Matrixes for Regulating Polarization of Macrophages and Enhance Repair of Myocardial Infarction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304627. [PMID: 37767946 PMCID: PMC10646248 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of inflammatory response at the site of injury and macrophage immunotherapy is critical for tissue repair. Chiral self-assemblies are one of the most ubiquitous life cues, which is closely related to biological functions, life processes, and even the pathogenesis of diseases. However, the role of supramolecular chiral self-assemblies in the regulation of immune functions in the internal environment of tissues has not been fully explored yet. Herein, 3D supramolecular chiral self-assembling matrixes are prepared to regulate the polarization of macrophages and further enhance the repair of myocardial infarction (MI). Experiments studies show that M-type (left-handed) self-assembling matrixes significantly inhibit inflammation and promote damaged myocardium repair by upregulating M2 macrophage polarization and downstream immune signaling compared with P-type (right-handed), and R-type (non-chirality) self-assembling matrixes. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation demonstrates that M-type self-assembling matrixes display higher stereo-affinity to cellular binding, which enhances the clustering of mechanosensitive integrin β1 (Itgβ1) and activates focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), as well as downstream PI3K/Akt1/mTOR signaling axes to promote M2 polarization. This study of designing a 3D chiral self-assembling matrixes microenvironment suitable for regulating the polarization of macrophages will provide devise basis for immunotherapy with biomimetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Kongli Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Nan Su
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Shuoxiang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Feng Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200240P. R. China
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3
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Yin B, Zhang Q, Yan J, Huang Y, Li C, Chen J, Wen C, Wong SHD, Yang M. Nanomanipulation of Ligand Nanogeometry Modulates Integrin/Clathrin-Mediated Adhesion and Endocytosis of Stem Cells. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9160-9169. [PMID: 37494286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanosubstrate engineering can be a biomechanical approach for modulating stem cell differentiation in tissue engineering. However, the study of the effect of clathrin-mediated processes on manipulating this behavior is unexplored. Herein, we develop integrin-binding nanosubstrates with confined nanogeometries that regulate clathrin-mediated adhesion- or endocytosis-active signaling pathways for modulating stem fates. Isotropically presenting ligands on the nanoscale enhances the expression of clathrin in cells, thereby facilitating uptake of dexamethasone-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) to boost osteogenesis of stem cells. In contrast, anisotropic ligand nanogeometry suppresses this clathrin-mediated NP entry by strengthening the association between clathrin and adhesion spots to reinforce mechanotransduced signaling, which can be abrogated by the pharmacological inhibition of clathrin. Meanwhile, inhibiting focal adhesion formation hinders cell spreading and enables a higher endocytosis efficiency. Our findings reveal the crucial roles of clathrin in both endocytosis and mechanotransduction of stem cells and provide the parameter of ligand nanogeometry for the rational design of biomaterials for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiaxiang Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chuanqi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiareng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Siu Hong Dexter Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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4
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Wang S, Chen Y, Ling Z, Li J, Hu J, He F, Chen Q. The role of dendritic cells in the immunomodulation to implanted biomaterials. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:52. [PMCID: PMC9636170 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the substantial role played by dendritic cells (DCs) in the immune system to bridge innate and adaptive immunity, studies on DC-mediated immunity toward biomaterials principally center on their adjuvant effects in facilitating the adaptive immunity of codelivered antigens. However, the effect of the intrinsic properties of biomaterials on dendritic cells has not been clarified. Recently, researchers have begun to investigate and found that biomaterials that are nonadjuvant could also regulate the immune function of DCs and thus affect subsequent tissue regeneration. In the case of proteins adsorbed onto biomaterial surfaces, their intrinsic properties can direct their orientation and conformation, forming “biomaterial-associated molecular patterns (BAMPs)”. Thus, in this review, we focused on the intrinsic physiochemical properties of biomaterials in the absence of antigens that affect DC immune function and summarized the underlying signaling pathways. Moreover, we preliminarily clarified the specific composition of BAMPs and the interplay between some key molecules and DCs, such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). This review provides a new direction for future biomaterial design, through which modulation of host immune responses is applicable to tissue engineering and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Yanqi Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Zhaoting Ling
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jia Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Jun Hu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Fuming He
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Qianming Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XStomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006 China
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5
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Beskid NM, Kolawole EM, Coronel MM, Nguyen B, Evavold B, García AJ, Babensee JE. IL-10-Functionalized Hydrogels Support Immunosuppressive Dendritic Cell Phenotype and Function. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4341-4353. [PMID: 36134725 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial systems such as hydrogels enable localized delivery and postinjection modulation of cellular therapies in a wide array of contexts. Biomaterials as adjuvants have been an active area of investigation, but the study of functionalized biomaterials supporting immunosuppressive cell therapies for tolerogenic applications is still nascent. Here, we developed a 4-arm poly(ethylene-glycol)-maleimide (PEG-4MAL) hydrogel functionalized with interleukin-10 (IL-10) to improve the local delivery and efficacy of a cell therapy against autoimmune disease. The biophysical and biochemical properties of PEG-4MAL hydrogels were optimized to support dendritic cell (DC) viability and an immature phenotype. IL-10-functionalized PEG-4MAL (PEG-IL10) hydrogels exhibited controlled IL-10 release, extended the duration of DC support, and protected DCs from inflammatory assault. After incorporation in PEG-IL10 hydrogels, these DCs induced CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) during in vitro coculture. These studies serve as a proof-of-concept for improving the efficacy of immunosuppressive cell therapies through biomaterial delivery. The flexible nature of this system enables its widespread application across a breadth of other tolerogenic applications for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Beskid
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Kolawole
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Suite 1100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - María M Coronel
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Brandon Nguyen
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Brian Evavold
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Suite 1100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Andrés J García
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Julia E Babensee
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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6
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Zhang D, Li Z, Shi H, Yao Y, Du W, Lu P, Liang K, Hong L, Gao C. Micropatterns and peptide gradient on the inner surface of a guidance conduit synergistically promotes nerve regeneration in vivo. Bioact Mater 2022; 9:134-146. [PMID: 34820561 PMCID: PMC8586031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both of the surface topographical features and distribution of biochemical cues can influence the cell-substrate interactions and thereby tissue regeneration in vivo. However, they have not been combined simultaneously onto a biodegradable scaffold to demonstrate the synergistic role so far. In this study, a proof-of-concept study is performed to prepare micropatterns and peptide gradient on the inner wall of a poly (D,L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) guidance conduit and its advantages in regeneration of peripheral nerve in vivo. After linear ridges/grooves of 20/40 μm in width are created on the PLCL film, its surface is aminolyzed in a kinetically controlled manner to obtain the continuous gradient of amino groups, which are then transferred to CQAASIKVAV peptide density gradient via covalent coupling of glutaraldehyde. The Schwann cells are better aligned along with the stripes, and show a faster migration rate toward the region of higher peptide density. Implantation of the nerve guidance conduit made of the PLCL film having both the micropatterns and peptide gradient can significantly accelerate the regeneration of sciatic nerve in terms of rate, function recovery and microstructures, and reduction of fibrosis in muscle tissues. Moreover, this nerve conduit can also benefit the M2 polarization of macrophages and promote vascularization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deteng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ziming Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haifei Shi
- Department of Hand Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine. Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Pan Lu
- Department of Hand Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine. Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kejiong Liang
- Department of Hand Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine. Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Liangjie Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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7
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Enhancing osteogenesis of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells using gold nanostructure/peptide-nanopatterned graphene oxide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111807. [PMID: 33964530 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene derivatives are highly promising materials for use in stem-cell-based regenerative therapies, particularly for bone regeneration. Herein, we report a graphene oxide (GO)-based hybrid platform (GOHP) that is highly effective for guiding the osteogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). A GO-coated indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate was electrochemically modified with Au nanostructures (GNSs), following which a cysteine-modified quadruple-branched arginine-glycine-aspartic acid was self-assembled on the ITO-GO-GNS hybrid via Au-S bonds. The synthesized GOHP, with the highest density of GNSs (deposition time of 120 s), exhibited the highest osteogenic differentiation efficiency based on the osteogenic marker expression level, osteocalcin expression, and osteoblastic mineralisation. Remarkably, although GO is known to be less efficient than the high-quality pure graphene synthesised via chemical vapour deposition (CVD), the fabricated GOHP exhibited an efficiency similar to that of CVD-grown graphene in guiding the osteogenesis of hAMSCs. The total RNA sequencing results revealed that CVD graphene and GOHP induced the osteogenesis of hAMSCs by upregulating the transcription factors related to direct osteogenesis, Wnt activation, and extracellular matrix deposition. Considering that GO is easy to produce, cost-effective, and biocompatible, the developed GOHP is highly promising for treating various diseases/disorders, including osteoporosis, rickets, and osteogenesis imperfecta.
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8
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Yang L, Pijuan-Galito S, Rho HS, Vasilevich AS, Eren AD, Ge L, Habibović P, Alexander MR, de Boer J, Carlier A, van Rijn P, Zhou Q. High-Throughput Methods in the Discovery and Study of Biomaterials and Materiobiology. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4561-4677. [PMID: 33705116 PMCID: PMC8154331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The complex interaction of cells with biomaterials (i.e., materiobiology) plays an increasingly pivotal role in the development of novel implants, biomedical devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds to treat diseases, aid in the restoration of bodily functions, construct healthy tissues, or regenerate diseased ones. However, the conventional approaches are incapable of screening the huge amount of potential material parameter combinations to identify the optimal cell responses and involve a combination of serendipity and many series of trial-and-error experiments. For advanced tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, highly efficient and complex bioanalysis platforms are expected to explore the complex interaction of cells with biomaterials using combinatorial approaches that offer desired complex microenvironments during healing, development, and homeostasis. In this review, we first introduce materiobiology and its high-throughput screening (HTS). Then we present an in-depth of the recent progress of 2D/3D HTS platforms (i.e., gradient and microarray) in the principle, preparation, screening for materiobiology, and combination with other advanced technologies. The Compendium for Biomaterial Transcriptomics and high content imaging, computational simulations, and their translation toward commercial and clinical uses are highlighted. In the final section, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed. High-throughput experimentation within the field of materiobiology enables the elucidation of the relationships between biomaterial properties and biological behavior and thereby serves as a potential tool for accelerating the development of high-performance biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Yang
- University
of Groningen, W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Pijuan-Galito
- School
of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University
of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Hoon Suk Rho
- Department
of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired
Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aliaksei S. Vasilevich
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Aysegul Dede Eren
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lu Ge
- University
of Groningen, W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibović
- Department
of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired
Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Morgan R. Alexander
- School
of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University
of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Carlier
- Department
of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired
Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- University
of Groningen, W. J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and
Materials Science, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qihui Zhou
- Institute
for Translational Medicine, Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated
Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao
University, Qingdao 266003, China
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9
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Thomas AM, Dong Y, Beskid NM, García AJ, Adams AB, Babensee JE. Brief exposure to hyperglycemia activates dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5120-5129. [PMID: 31674663 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are key players in regulating immunity. These cells both activate and inhibit the immune response depending on their cellular environment. Their response to hyperglycemia, a condition common amongst diabetics wherein glucose is abnormally elevated, remains to be elucidated. In this study, the phenotype and immune response of dendritic cells exposed to hyperglycemia were characterized in vitro and in vivo using the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. Dendritic cells were shown to be sensitive to hyperglycemia both during and after differentiation from bone marrow precursor cells. Dendritic cell behavior under hyperglycemic conditions was found to vary by phenotype, among which, tolerogenic dendritic cells were particularly sensitive. Expression of the costimulatory molecule CD86 was found to reliably increase when dendritic cells were exposed to hyperglycemia. Additionally, hydrogel-based delivery of the anti-inflammatory molecule interleukin-10 was shown to partially inhibit these effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nicholas M Beskid
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrés J García
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew B Adams
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Julia E Babensee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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10
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Sauter A, Yi DH, Li Y, Roersma S, Appel S. The Culture Dish Surface Influences the Phenotype and Cytokine Production of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2352. [PMID: 31632415 PMCID: PMC6783514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) are an important scientific and clinical source of functional dendritic cells (DC). However, the optimization of the generation process has to date mainly been limited to the variation of soluble factors. In this study, we investigated the impact of the cell culture dish surface on phenotype and cytokine profile. We compared a standard cell culture dish to a non-adherent culture dish for two immunogenic maturation conditions, two tolerogenic conditions, and an unstimulated control. Phenotype, cytokine profile and T cell stimulatory capacity were determined after a 3-day culture. Light microscopy revealed an increase in homotypic cluster formation correlated with the use of non-adherent surfaces, which could be reduced by using blocking antibodies against CD18. All surface markers analyzed showed moderate to strong differences depending on the culture dish surface, including significantly decreased expression of key maturation markers such as CD80, CD86, and CCR7 as well as PD-L1 on cells stimulated with the Jonuleit cytokine cocktail cultured on a non-adherent surface. Significant differences in the secretion of many cytokines were observed, especially for cells stimulated with LPS, with over 10-fold decreased secretion of IL-10, IL12-p40, and TNF-α from the cells cultured on the non-adherent surface. All immunogenic moDC populations showed similar capacity to induce antigen-specific T cells. These results provide evidence that the DC phenotype depends on the surface used during moDC generation. This has important implications for the optimization of DC-based immunotherapy development and underlines that the local surrounding can interfere with the final DC population beyond the soluble factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dag Heiro Yi
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yayan Li
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sabine Roersma
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silke Appel
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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11
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Rowley AT, Nagalla RR, Wang S, Liu WF. Extracellular Matrix-Based Strategies for Immunomodulatory Biomaterials Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801578. [PMID: 30714328 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic structural scaffold for cells within tissues and plays an important role in regulating cell function. Recently it has become appreciated that the ECM contains bioactive motifs that can directly modulate immune responses. This review describes strategies for engineering immunomodulatory biomaterials that utilize natural ECM-derived molecules and have the potential to harness the immune system for applications ranging from tissue regeneration to drug delivery. A top-down approach utilizes full-length ECM proteins, including collagen, fibrin, or hyaluronic acid-based materials, as well as matrices derived from decellularized tissue. These materials have the benefit of maintaining natural conformation and structure but are often heterogeneous and encumber precise control. By contrast, a bottom-up approach leverages immunomodulatory domains, such as Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-sensitive peptides, or leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1(LAIR-1) ligands, by incorporating them into synthetic materials. These materials have tunable control over immune cell functions and allow for combinatorial approaches. However, the synthetic approach lacks the full natural context of the original ECM protein. These two approaches provide a broad range of engineering techniques for immunomodulation through material interactions and hold the potential for the development of future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Rowley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Raji R. Nagalla
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Szu‐Wen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Wendy F. Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular TechnologyUniversity of California Irvine CA 92697 USA
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12
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Smith Callahan LA. Gradient Material Strategies for Hydrogel Optimization in Tissue Engineering Applications. High Throughput 2018; 7:E1. [PMID: 29485612 PMCID: PMC5876527 DOI: 10.3390/ht7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a number of combinatorial/high-throughput approaches have been developed for biomaterial hydrogel optimization, a gradient sample approach is particularly well suited to identify hydrogel property thresholds that alter cellular behavior in response to interacting with the hydrogel due to reduced variation in material preparation and the ability to screen biological response over a range instead of discrete samples each containing only one condition. This review highlights recent work on cell-hydrogel interactions using a gradient material sample approach. Fabrication strategies for composition, material and mechanical property, and bioactive signaling gradient hydrogels that can be used to examine cell-hydrogel interactions will be discussed. The effects of gradients in hydrogel samples on cellular adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation will then be examined, providing an assessment of the current state of the field and the potential of wider use of the gradient sample approach to accelerate our understanding of matrices on cellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Smith Callahan
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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13
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The potential of Antheraea pernyi silk for spinal cord repair. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13790. [PMID: 29062079 PMCID: PMC5653809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging applications for tissue regeneration is spinal cord damage. There is no cure for this, partly because cavities and scar tissue formed after injury present formidable barriers that must be crossed by axons to restore function. Natural silks are considered increasingly for medical applications because they are biocompatible, biodegradable and in selected cases promote tissue growth. Filaments from wild Antheraea pernyi silkworms can support axon regeneration in peripheral nerve injury. Here we presented evidence that degummed A. pernyi filaments (DAPF) support excellent outgrowth of CNS neurons in vitro by cell attachment to the high density of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide present in DAPF. Importantly, DAPF showed stiffness properties that are well suited to spinal cord repair by supporting cell growth mechano-biology. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DAPF induced no activation of microglia, the CNS resident immune cells, either in vitro when exposed to DAPF or in vivo when DAPF were implanted in the cord. In vitro DAPF degraded gradually with a corresponding decrease in tensile properties. We conclude that A. pernyi silk meets the major biochemical and biomaterial criteria for spinal repair, and may have potential as a key component in combinatorial strategies for spinal repair.
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14
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Lim HJ, Mosley MC, Kurosu Y, Smith Callahan LA. Concentration dependent survival and neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells cultured on polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate hydrogels possessing a continuous concentration gradient of n-cadherin derived peptide His-Ala-Val-Asp-Lle. Acta Biomater 2017; 56:153-160. [PMID: 27915022 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
N-cadherin cell-cell signaling plays a key role in the structure and function of the nervous system. However, few studies have incorporated bioactive signaling from n-cadherin into tissue engineering matrices. The present study uses a continuous gradient approach in polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate hydrogels to identify concentration dependent effects of n-cadherin peptide, His-Ala-Val-Asp-Lle (HAVDI), on murine embryonic stem cell survival and neural differentiation. The n-cadherin peptide was found to affect the expression of pluripotency marker, alkaline phosphatase, in murine embryonic stem cells cultured on n-cadherin peptide containing hydrogels in a concentration dependent manner. Increasing n-cadherin peptide concentrations in the hydrogels elicited a biphasic response in neurite extension length and mRNA expression of neural differentiation marker, neuron-specific class III β-tubulin, in murine embryonic stem cells cultured on the hydrogels. High concentrations of n-cadherin peptide in the hydrogels were found to increase the expression of apoptotic marker, caspase 3/7, in murine embryonic stem cells compared to that of murine embryonic stem cell cultures on hydrogels containing lower concentrations of n-cadherin peptide. Increasing the n-cadherin peptide concentration in the hydrogels facilitated greater survival of murine embryonic stem cells exposed to increasing oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide exposure. The combinatorial approach presented in this work demonstrates concentration dependent effects of n-cadherin signaling on mouse embryonic stem cell behavior, underscoring the need for the greater use of systematic approaches in tissue engineering matrix design in order to understand and optimize bioactive signaling in the matrix for tissue formation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Single cell encapsulation is common in tissue engineering matrices. This eliminates cellular access to cell-cell signaling. N-cadherin, a cell-cell signaling molecule, plays a vital role in the development of neural tissues, but has not been well studied as a bioactive signaling element in neural tissue engineering matrices. The present study uses a systematic continuous gradient approach to identify concentration dependent effects of n-cadherin derived peptide, HAVDI, on the survival and neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells. This work underscores the need for greater use to combinatorial strategies to understand the effect complex bioactive signaling, such as n-cadherin, and the need to optimize the concentration of such bioactive signaling within tissue engineering matrices for maximal cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Lim
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Matthew C Mosley
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Yuki Kurosu
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Laura A Smith Callahan
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; The Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States.
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15
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Keselowsky BG, Lewis JS. Dendritic cells in the host response to implanted materials. Semin Immunol 2017; 29:33-40. [PMID: 28487131 PMCID: PMC5612375 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of dendritic cells (DCs) and their targeted manipulation in the body's response to implanted materials is an important and developing area of investigation, and a large component of the emerging field of biomaterials-based immune engineering. The key position of DCs in the immune system, serving to bridge innate and adaptive immunity, is facilitated by rich diversity in type and function and places DCs as a critical mediator to biomaterials of both synthetic and natural origins. This review presents current views regarding DC biology and summarizes recent findings in DC responses to implanted biomaterials. Based on these findings, there is promise that the directed programming of application-specific DC responses to biomaterials can become a reality, enabling and enhancing applications almost as diverse as the larger field of biomaterials itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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16
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Bracho-Sanchez E, Xia CQ, Clare-Salzler MJ, Keselowsky BG. Micro and Nano Material Carriers for Immunomodulation. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:3362-3370. [PMID: 27214679 PMCID: PMC5121079 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the immune system through the use of micro and nano carriers offers opportunities in transplant tolerance, autoimmunity, infectious disease, and cancer. In particular, polymeric, lipid, and inorganic materials have been used as carriers of proteins, nucleic acids, and small drug molecules to direct the immune system toward either suppressive or stimulatory states. Current technologies have focused on the use of particulates or scaffolds, the modulation of materials properties, and the delivery of biologics or small drug molecules to achieve a desired response. Discussed are relevant immunology concepts, the types of biomaterial carriers used for immunomodulation highlighting their benefits and drawbacks, the material properties influencing immune responses, and recent examples in the field of transplant tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Bracho-Sanchez
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering; College of Medicine University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida
| | - Chang Qing Xia
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; College of Medicine University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael J. Clare-Salzler
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; College of Medicine University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida
| | - Benjamin G. Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering; College of Medicine University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida, Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine; College of Medicine University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida
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17
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Mosley MC, Lim HJ, Chen J, Yang YH, Li S, Liu Y, Smith Callahan LA. Neurite extension and neuronal differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived neural stem cells on polyethylene glycol hydrogels containing a continuous Young's Modulus gradient. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:824-833. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Mosley
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
| | - Hyun Ju Lim
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
| | - Jing Chen
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
| | - Yueh-Hsun Yang
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
| | - Shenglan Li
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
| | - Ying Liu
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
| | - Laura A. Smith Callahan
- The Vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- The Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering; McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
- The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas 77030
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18
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Acharya AP, Little SR. Stapled endosome disrupting alginate particles for cytosolic delivery of cations. J Drug Target 2016; 23:690-7. [PMID: 26453164 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1048517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Divalent cations, the most prevalent minerals in the body, are responsible for a wide variety of cellular functions including signaling, proliferation, differentiation and cell death, and therefore their transmembrane transportation is tightly regulated. Despite the importance of divalent cations in cell activity, there are currently no intracellular delivery methods for divalent cations or modulation of intracellular levels of minerals. Here, we describe endosome disrupting alginate nanoparticles termed Alginoketals, which can deliver divalent cations to the cytosol of the cells. Alginoketals are generated by crosslinking alginic acid with endosome disrupting ketals, and using divalent cations as the stapling or binding agent. We show that Alginoketals were able to deliver copper (II) in the cytosol of the cancer cells thereby disrupting copper homeostasis and inducing cell death via accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Alginoketal-copper (II)-based particles act as superoxide dismutase mimics and are the first class of divalent cation delivery vehicles, with potential application in cancer therapy, regenerative medicine and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav P Acharya
- a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Steven R Little
- a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
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19
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Ma Y, Policastro GM, Li Q, Zheng J, Jacquet R, Landis WJ, Becker ML. Concentration-Dependent hMSC Differentiation on Orthogonal Concentration Gradients of GRGDS and BMP-2 Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1486-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanrui Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Gina M. Policastro
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Qiyao Li
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jukuan Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Robin Jacquet
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - William J. Landis
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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20
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Acharya AP, Carstens MR, Lewis JS, Dolgova N, Xia CQ, Clare-Salzler MJ, Keselowsky BG. A cell-based microarray to investigate combinatorial effects of microparticle-encapsulated adjuvants on dendritic cell activation. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1672-1685. [PMID: 26985393 PMCID: PMC4790840 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01754h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Experimental vaccine adjuvants are being designed to target specific toll-like receptors (TLRs) alone or in combination, expressed by antigen presenting cells, notably dendritic cells (DCs). There is a need for high-content screening (HCS) platforms to explore how DC activation is affected by adjuvant combinations. Presented is a cell-based microarray approach, "immunoarray", exposing DCs to a large number of adjuvant combinations. Microparticles encapsulating TLR ligands are printed onto arrays in a range of doses for each ligand, in all possible dose combinations. Dendritic cells are then co-localized with physisorbed microparticles on the immunoarray, adherent to isolated islands surrounded by a non-fouling background, and DC activation is quantified. Delivery of individual TLR ligands was capable of eliciting high levels of specific DC activation markers. For example, either TLR9 ligand, CpG, or TLR3 ligand, poly I:C, was capable of inducing among the highest 10% expression levels of CD86. In contrast, MHC-II expression in response to TLR4 agonist MPLA was among the highest, whereas either MPLA or poly I:C, was capable of producing among the highest levels of CCR7 expression, as well as inflammatory cytokine IL-12. However, in order to produce robust responses across all activation markers, adjuvant combinations were required, and combinations were more represented among the high responders. The immunoarray also enables investigation of interactions between adjuvants, and each TLR ligand suggested antagonism to other ligands, for various markers. Altogether, this work demonstrates feasibility of the immunoarray platform to screen microparticle-encapsulated adjuvant combinations for the development of improved and personalized vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav P. Acharya
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 130 BME/PO Box 116131, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-6131, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, USA
| | - Matthew R. Carstens
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 130 BME/PO Box 116131, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-6131, USA
| | - Jamal S. Lewis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 130 BME/PO Box 116131, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-6131, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, US
| | - Natalia Dolgova
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 130 BME/PO Box 116131, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-6131, USA
| | - C. Q. Xia
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, USA
| | | | - Benjamin G. Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 130 BME/PO Box 116131, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-6131, USA
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21
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Li WA, Lu BY, Gu L, Choi Y, Kim J, Mooney DJ. The effect of surface modification of mesoporous silica micro-rod scaffold on immune cell activation and infiltration. Biomaterials 2016; 83:249-56. [PMID: 26784009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial scaffold based vaccines show significant potential in generating potent antigen-specific immunity. However, the role of the scaffold surface chemistry in initiating and modulating the immune response is not well understood. In this study, a mesoporous silica micro-rod (MSR) scaffold was modified with PEG, PEG-RGD and PEG-RDG groups. PEG modification significantly enhanced BMDC activation marker up-regulation and IL-1β production in vitro, and innate immune cell infiltration in vivo. PEG-RGD MSRs and PEG-RDG MSRs displayed decreased inflammation compared to PEG MSRs, and the effect was not RGD specific. Finally, the Nlrp3 inflammasome was found to be necessary for MSR stimulated IL-1β production in vitro and played a key role in regulating immune cell infiltration in vivo. These findings suggest that simply modulating the surface chemistry of a scaffold can regulate its immune cell infiltration profile and have implications for the design and development of new material based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Aileen Li
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Beverly Ying Lu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Luo Gu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Youngjin Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - Jaeyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, South Korea
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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22
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A combination hydrogel microparticle-based vaccine prevents type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13155. [PMID: 26279095 PMCID: PMC4538389 DOI: 10.1038/srep13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of self-antigens to the immune system in a mode that stimulates a tolerance-inducing pathway has proven difficult. To address this hurdle, we developed a vaccine based-approach comprised of two synthetic controlled-release biomaterials, poly(lactide-co-glycolide; PLGA) microparticles (MPs) encapsulating denatured insulin (key self-antigen in type 1 diabetes; T1D), and PuraMatrixTM peptide hydrogel containing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CpG ODN1826 (CpG), which were included as vaccine adjuvants to recruit and activate immune cells. Although CpG is normally considered pro-inflammatory, it also has anti-inflammatory effects, including enhancing IL-10 production. Three subcutaneous administrations of this hydrogel (GM-CSF/CpG)/insulin-MP vaccine protected 40% of NOD mice from T1D. In contrast, all control mice became diabetic. In vitro studies indicate CpG stimulation increased IL-10 production, as a potential mechanism. Multiple subcutaneous injections of the insulin containing formulation resulted in formation of granulomas, which resolved by 28 weeks. Histological analysis of these granulomas indicated infiltration of a diverse cadre of immune cells, with characteristics reminiscent of a tertiary lymphoid organ, suggesting the creation of a microenvironment to recruit and educate immune cells. These results demonstrate the feasibility of this injectable hydrogel/MP based vaccine system to prevent T1D.
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23
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Oliva N, Unterman S, Zhang Y, Conde J, Song HS, Artzi N. Personalizing Biomaterials for Precision Nanomedicine Considering the Local Tissue Microenvironment. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1584-99. [PMID: 25963621 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New advances in (nano)biomaterial design coupled with the detailed study of tissue-biomaterial interactions can open a new chapter in personalized medicine, where biomaterials are chosen and designed to match specific tissue types and disease states. The notion of a "one size fits all" biomaterial no longer exists, as growing evidence points to the value of customizing material design to enhance (pre)clinical performance. The complex microenvironment in vivo at different tissue sites exhibits diverse cell types, tissue chemistry, tissue morphology, and mechanical stresses that are further altered by local pathology. This complex and dynamic environment may alter the implanted material's properties and in turn affect its in vivo performance. It is crucial, therefore, to carefully study tissue context and optimize biomaterials considering the implantation conditions. This practice would enable attaining predictable material performance and enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Oliva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology; E25-449 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Shimon Unterman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology; E25-449 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology; E25-449 Cambridge MA USA
| | - João Conde
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology; E25-449 Cambridge MA USA
- School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Hyun Seok Song
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology; E25-449 Cambridge MA USA
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science; Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology; E25-449 Cambridge MA USA
- Department of Anesthesiology; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA 02115 USA
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24
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Zheng J, Hua G, Yu J, Lin F, Wade MB, Reneker DH, Becker ML. Post-Electrospinning "Triclick" Functionalization of Degradable Polymer Nanofibers. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:207-213. [PMID: 35596433 DOI: 10.1021/mz500759n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
4-Dibenzocyclooctynol (DIBO) was used as an initiator for the ring-opening copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and 1,4,8-trioxaspiro[4.6]-9-undecanone (TOSUO) resulting in a series of DIBO end-functionalized copolymers. Following deprotection of the ketone group, the polymers were derivatized with aminooxyl-containing compounds by oxime ligation. Mixtures of keto- and alkyne-derivatized polymers were co-electrospun into well-defined nanofibers containing three separate chemical handles. Strain-promoted azide alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), oxime ligation, and copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) were used to sequentially functionalize the nanofibers first with fluorescent reporters and then separately with bioactive Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS), BMP-2 peptide, and dopamine. This translationally relevant approach facilitates the straightforward derivatization of diverse bioactive molecules that can be controllably tethered to the surface of nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukuan Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Geng Hua
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jiayi Yu
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Mary Beth Wade
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Darrell H. Reneker
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, ‡Department of Biomedical
Engineering, and §Integrated Bioscience
Program, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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25
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Kim SH, Lee GH, Park JY, Lee SH. Microplatforms for gradient field generation of various properties and biological applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 20:82-95. [PMID: 25510472 DOI: 10.1177/2211068214562247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Well-designed microfluidic platforms can be excellent tools to eliminate bottleneck problems or issues that have arisen in biological fields by providing unprecedented high-resolution control of mechanical and chemical microenvironments for cell culture. Among such microtechnologies, the precise generation of biochemical concentration gradients has been highly regarded in the biorelated scientific fields; even today, the principles and mechanisms for gradient generation continue to be refined, and the number of applications for this technique is growing. Here, we review the current status of the concentration gradient generation technologies achieved in various microplatforms and how they have been and will be applied to biological issues, particularly those that have arisen from cancer research, stem cell research, and tissue engineering. We also provide information about the advances and future challenges in the technological aspects of microscale concentration gradient generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hwan Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hun Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Yull Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Mohan G, Gallant ND. Surface chemistry gradients on silicone elastomers for high-throughput modulation of cell-adhesive interfaces. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2066-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Greeshma Mohan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; University of South Florida; Tampa Florida 33620
| | - Nathan D. Gallant
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of South Florida; Tampa Florida 33620
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27
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Zaveri TD, Lewis JS, Dolgova NV, Clare-Salzler MJ, Keselowsky BG. Integrin-directed modulation of macrophage responses to biomaterials. Biomaterials 2014; 35:3504-15. [PMID: 24462356 PMCID: PMC3970928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the primary mediator of chronic inflammatory responses to implanted biomaterials, in cases when the material is either in particulate or bulk form. Chronic inflammation limits the performance and functional life of numerous implanted medical devices, and modulating macrophage interactions with biomaterials to mitigate this response would be beneficial. The integrin family of cell surface receptors mediates cell adhesion through binding to adhesive proteins nonspecifically adsorbed onto biomaterial surfaces. In this work, the roles of integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2) and RGD-binding integrins were investigated using model systems for both particulate and bulk biomaterials. Specifically, the macrophage functions of phagocytosis and inflammatory cytokine secretion in response to a model particulate material, polystyrene microparticles were investigated. Opsonizing proteins modulated microparticle uptake, and integrin Mac-1 and RGD-binding integrins were found to control microparticle uptake in an opsonin-dependent manner. The presence of adsorbed endotoxin did not affect microparticle uptake levels, but was required for the production of inflammatory cytokines in response to microparticles. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that integrin Mac-1 and RGD-binding integrins influence the in vivo foreign body response to a bulk biomaterial, subcutaneously implanted polyethylene terephthalate. A thinner foreign body capsule was formed when integrin Mac-1 was absent (~30% thinner) or when RGD-binding integrins were blocked by controlled release of a blocking peptide (~45% thinner). These findings indicate integrin Mac-1 and RGD-binding integrins are involved and may serve as therapeutic targets to mitigate macrophage inflammatory responses to both particulate and bulk biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toral D Zaveri
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Natalia V Dolgova
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Michael J Clare-Salzler
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Benjamin G Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Maciel J, Oliveira MI, Colton E, McNally AK, Oliveira C, Anderson JM, Barbosa MA. Adsorbed fibrinogen enhances production of bone- and angiogenic-related factors by monocytes/macrophages. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:250-63. [PMID: 23937279 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are phagocytic cells with great importance in guiding multiple stages of inflammation and tissue repair. By producing a large number of biologically active molecules, they can affect the behavior of other cells and events, such as the foreign body response and angiogenesis. Since protein adsorption to biomaterials is crucial for the inflammatory process, we addressed the ability of the pro-inflammatory molecule fibrinogen (Fg) to modulate macrophage behavior toward tissue repair/regeneration. For this purpose, we used chitosan (Ch) as a substrate for Fg adsorption. Freshly isolated human monocytes were seeded on Ch substrates alone or previously adsorbed with Fg, and allowed to differentiate into macrophages for 10 days. Cell adhesion and morphology, formation of foreign body giant cells (FBGC), and secretion of a total of 80 cytokines and growth factors were evaluated. Both substrates showed similar numbers of adherent macrophages along differentiation as compared with RGD-coated surfaces, which were used as positive controls. Fg did not potentiate FBGC formation. In addition, actin cytoskeleton staining revealed the presence of punctuate F-actin with more elongated and interconnecting cells on Ch substrates. Antibody array screening and quantification of inflammation- and wound-healing-related factors indicated an overall reduction in Ch-based substrates versus RGD-coated surfaces. At late times, most inflammatory agents were down-regulated in the presence of Fg, in contrast to growth factor production, which was stimulated by Fg. Importantly, on Ch+Fg substrates, fully differentiated macrophages produced significant amounts of macrophage inflammatory protein-1delta (MIP-1δ), platelet-derived growth factor-BB, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-5, and BMP-7 compared with Ch alone. In addition, other important factors involved in bone homeostasis and wound healing, such as growth hormone, transforming growth factor-β3, and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins, as well as several angiogenic mediators, including endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial factor, fibroblast growth factor-7, and placental growth factor, were significantly promoted by Fg. This work provides a new perspective on the inflammatory response in the context of bone repair/regeneration mediated by a pro-inflammatory protein (Fg) adsorbed onto a biomaterial (Ch) that does not otherwise exhibit osteogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Maciel
- 1 INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
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Functionalization of biomaterials with small osteoinductive moieties. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:8773-89. [PMID: 23933486 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently recognized as a powerful cell source for regenerative medicine, notably for their capacity to differentiate into multiple cell types. The combination of MSCs with biomaterials functionalized with instructive cues can be used as a strategy to direct specific lineage commitment, and can thus improve the therapeutic efficacy of these cells. In terms of biomaterial design, one common approach is the functionalization of materials with ligands capable of directly binding to cell receptors and trigger specific differentiation signaling pathways. Other strategies focus on the use of moieties that have an indirect effect, acting, for example, as sequesters of bioactive ligands present in the extracellular milieu that, in turn, will interact with cells. Compared with complex biomolecules, the use of simple compounds, such as chemical moieties and peptides, and other small molecules can be advantageous by leading to less expensive and easily tunable biomaterial formulations. This review describes different strategies that have been used to promote substrate-mediated guidance of osteogenic differentiation of immature osteoblasts, osteoprogenitors and MSCs, through chemically conjugated small moieties, both in two- and three-dimensional set-ups. In each case, the selected moiety, the coupling strategy and the main findings of the study were highlighted. The latest advances and future perspectives in the field are also discussed.
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30
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Biomaterials-based modulation of the immune system. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:732182. [PMID: 24171170 PMCID: PMC3793288 DOI: 10.1155/2013/732182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is traditionally considered from the perspective of defending against bacterial or viral infections. However, foreign materials like implants can also illicit immune responses. These immune responses are mediated by a large number of molecular signals, including cytokines, antibodies and reactive radical species, and cell types, including macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells. Most often, these molecular signals lead to the generation of fibrous encapsulation of the biomaterials, thereby shielding the body from these biomaterials. In this review we will focus on two different types of biomaterials: those that actively modulate the immune response, as seen in antigen delivery vehicles for vaccines, and those that illicit relatively small immune response, which are important for implantable materials. The first serves to actively influence the immune response by co-opting certain immune pathways, while the second tries to mimic the properties of the host in an attempt to remain undetected by the immune system. As these are two very different end points, each type of biomaterial has been studied and developed separately and in recent years, many advances have been made in each respective area, which will be highlighted in this review.
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31
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Lin F, Zheng J, Yu J, Zhou J, Becker ML. Cascading “Triclick” Functionalization of Poly(caprolactone) Thin Films Quantified via a Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2857-65. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400711q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lin
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United
States
| | - Jukuan Zheng
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United
States
| | - Jiayi Yu
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United
States
| | - Jinjun Zhou
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United
States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department
of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United
States
- Center for Biomaterials
in Medicine, Austen Bioinnovation Institute in Akron, Akron, Ohio
44308, United States
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32
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Smith Callahan LA, Childers EP, Bernard SL, Weiner SD, Becker ML. Maximizing phenotype constraint and extracellular matrix production in primary human chondrocytes using arginine-glycine-aspartate concentration gradient hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7420-8. [PMID: 23567942 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
New systematic approaches are necessary to determine and optimize the chemical and mechanical scaffold properties for hyaline cartilage generation using the limited cell numbers obtained from primary human sources. Peptide functionalized hydrogels possessing continuous variations in physico-chemical properties are an efficient three-dimensional platform for studying several properties simultaneously. Herein, we describe a polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDM) hydrogel system possessing a gradient of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide (RGD) concentrations from 0mM to 10mM. The system is used to correlate primary human osteoarthritic chondrocyte proliferation, phenotype maintenance and extracellular matrix (ECM) production to the gradient hydrogel properties. Cell number and chondrogenic phenotype (CD14:CD90 ratios) were found to decline in regions with higher RGD concentrations, while regions with lower RGD concentrations maintained cell number and phenotype. Over three weeks of culture, hydrogel regions containing lower RGD concentrations experience an increase in ECM content compared to regions with higher RGD concentrations. Variations in actin amounts and vinculin organization were observed within the RGD concentration gradients that contribute to the differences in chondrogenic phenotype maintenance and ECM expression.
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33
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Hajizadeh MR, Mokarram P, Kamali sarvestani E, Bolhassani A, Mostafavi Pour Z. Recombinant Nonstructural 3 Protein, rNS3, of Hepatitis C Virus Along With Recombinant GP96 Induce IL-12, TNFα and α5integrin Expression in Antigen Presenting Cells. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2013; 13:e8104. [PMID: 24032046 PMCID: PMC3768236 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the main cause of chronic liver disease and to date there has been no vaccine development to prevent this infection. Among non-structural HCV proteins, NS3 protein is an excellent goal for a therapeutic vaccine, due to its large size and less variation in conserved regions. The immunogenic properties of heat shock proteins (HSPs) for instance GP96 have prompted investigations into their function as strong adjuvant to improve innate and adaptive immunity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine additive effects of recombinant GP96 (rGP96) fragments accompanied by rNS3 on expression levels of α5integrin and pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-12 and TNFα, in Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Recombinant viral proteins (rNS3 and rRGD-NS3), N-terminal and C-terminal fragments of GP96 were produced and purified from E. coli in order to treat the cells; mouse spleen Dendritic Cells (DCs) and THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS Our results showed that rNT-GP96 alone significantly increases the expression level of IL-12, TNFα and α5integrin in THP-1 macrophages and DCs, while IL-12 and TNFα expression levels were unaffected by either rNS3 or rRGD-NS3. Interestingly, the co-addition of these recombinant proteins with rNT-GP96 increased IL-12, TNFα and α5integrin expression. Pearson Correlation showed a direct association between α5integrin with IL-12 and TNF-α expression. CONCLUSIONS we have highlighted the role of rNS3 plus rNT-GP96 mediated by α5integrin in producing IL-12 and TNFα. It can be suggested that rNT-GP96 could enhance immunity characteristic of rNS3 protein via production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh
- Recombinant Proteins Lab, Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Recombinant Proteins Lab, Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Gastroentrohepatology Research Center, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Molecular Immunology and Vaccine Research Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi Pour
- Recombinant Proteins Lab, Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Faculty for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Zohreh Mostafavi Pour, Recombinant Proteins Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 71345-1167. Shiraz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-7112303029, Fax: +98-7112303029, E-mail:
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Almodóvar J, Crouzier T, Selimović Š, Boudou T, Khademhosseini A, Picart C. Gradients of physical and biochemical cues on polyelectrolyte multilayer films generated via microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:1562-70. [PMID: 23440074 PMCID: PMC4155072 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41407h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The cell microenvironment is a complex and anisotropic matrix composed of a number of physical and biochemical cues that control cellular processes. A current challenge in biomaterials is the engineering of biomimetic materials which present spatially controlled physical and biochemical cues. The layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) has been demonstrated to be a promising candidate for a biomaterial mimicking the native extracellular matrix. In this work, gradients of biochemical and physical cues were generated on PEM films composed of hyaluronan (HA) and poly(l-lysine) (PLL) using a microfluidic device. As a proof of concept, four different types of surface concentration gradients adsorbed onto the films were generated. These included surface concentration gradients of fluorescent PLL, fluorescent microbeads, a cross-linker, and one consisting of a polyelectrolyte grafted with a cell adhesive peptide. In all cases, reproducible centimeter-long linear gradients were obtained. Fluorescence microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize these gradients. Cell responses to the stiffness gradient and to the peptide gradient were studied. Pre-osteoblastic cells were found to adhere and spread more along the stiffness gradient, which varied linearly from 200 kPa-600 kPa. Myoblast cell spreading also increased throughout the length of the increasing RGD-peptide gradient. This work demonstrates a simple method to modify PEM films with concentration gradients of non-covalently bound biomolecules and with gradients in stiffness. These results highlight the potential of this technique to efficiently and quickly determine the optimal biochemical and mechanical cues necessary for specific cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almodóvar
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Šeila Selimović
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Thomas Boudou
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP, UMR 5628, CNRS and Grenoble Institute of Technology, MINATEC, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38016, Grenoble, France
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Ma Y, Zheng J, Amond EF, Stafford CM, Becker ML. Facile fabrication of "dual click" one- and two-dimensional orthogonal peptide concentration gradients. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:665-71. [PMID: 23330789 PMCID: PMC5944336 DOI: 10.1021/bm301731h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peptides, proteins, and extracellular matrix act synergistically to influence cellular function at the biotic-synthetic interface. However, identifying the individual and cooperative contributions of the various combinations and concentration regimes is extremely difficult. The confined channel deposition method we describe affords highly tunable orthogonal reactive concentration gradients that greatly expand the dynamic range, spatial control, and chemical versatility of the reactive silanes that can be controllably deposited. Using metal-free "dual click" immobilization chemistries, multiple peptides with a variety of functionality can be immobilized efficiently and reproducibly enabling optimal concentration profiling and the assessment of synergistic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrui Ma
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Jukuan Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Emily F. Amond
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Christopher M. Stafford
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8542, United States
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
- Center for Biomaterials in Medicine, Austen Bioinnovation Institute in Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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36
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Jeon O, Alsberg E. Photofunctionalization of alginate hydrogels to promote adhesion and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:1424-32. [PMID: 23327676 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocrosslinkable biomaterials are promising for biomedical applications, as they can be injected in a minimally invasive manner, crosslinked in situ to form hydrogels with cells and/or bioactive factors, and engineered to provide instructive signals to transplanted and host cells. Our group has previously reported on biodegradable, photocrosslinkable alginate (ALG) hydrogels with controlled cell adhesivity for tissue engineering. The polymer backbone of this methacrylated ALG was covalently modified with cell adhesion ligands containing the RGD sequence to enhance the proliferation and differentiation response of encapsulated cells. However, this approach permits limited control over the spatial presentation of these ligands within the three-dimensional hydrogel structure. Here we present a system that easily allows for spatial control of cell adhesion ligands within photocrosslinked ALG hydrogels. A cell adhesive peptide composed of the specific amino acid sequence Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro (GRGDSP) was covalently modified with acrylate moieties. The acrylated peptide was then covalently incorporated into bulk hydrogels by adding it to methacrylated ALG solutions with a photoinitiator, and then photocrosslinking under long-wave ultraviolet light. The hydrogels were characterized with respect to their swelling and degradation profiles, and the effects of the acrylated peptide on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) viability, adhesion, spreading, and proliferation were examined in vitro. hMSC adhesion and spreading on and proliferation in this biomaterial system could be regulated by varying the concentration of cell adhesion ligand. This new biomaterial system may be a useful platform for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and stem cell transplantation with spatial control of cell adhesivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oju Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Acharya AP, Lewis JS, Keselowsky BG. Combinatorial co-encapsulation of hydrophobic molecules in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3422-30. [PMID: 23375950 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
There is great interest for developing poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) based particles for targeted delivery and controlled release of encapsulated biological molecules. These PLGA particles can be used to deliver proteins, small molecule drugs and nucleotides. Furthermore, it has been shown that the co-encapsulation of multiple factors in PLGA particles can generate synergistic responses, and can also provide theranostic capability. However, the number of possible unique particle formulations that may be generated by the combination of different components in a particle increases dramatically with each new component, and currently, there is no method to generate large libraries of unique PLGA particles. In order to address this gap, we have developed a high-throughput methodology to produce hundreds of small batches of particles. The particles are generated in multi-well plate wells by a modified oil-in-water emulsion technique. In order to demonstrate the versatility of this technique, combinatorial formulations of six different loading concentrations of three fluorescent dyes were fabricated giving rise to 216 unique PLGA particle formulations. We demonstrate systematic and well-controlled combinatorial loading of hydrophobic molecules into the particles. This parallel particle production (PPP) methodology potentiates the generation of hundreds of different combinatorial particle formulations with multiple co-encapsulates in less than 24 h in standard polystyrene multi-well plates, thus providing rapid, low cost, high-throughput production. We envision that such a PPP library of particles encapsulating combinations of drugs and imaging modalities can subsequently be tested on small populations of cells in a high-throughput fashion, and represents a step toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav P Acharya
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6131, USA
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Smith Callahan LA, Ma Y, Stafford CM, Becker ML. Concentration dependent neural differentiation and neurite extension of mouse ESC on primary amine-derivatized surfaces. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:537-544. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm00161j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Monini P, Cafaro A, Srivastava IK, Moretti S, Sharma VA, Andreini C, Chiozzini C, Ferrantelli F, Cossut MRP, Tripiciano A, Nappi F, Longo O, Bellino S, Picconi O, Fanales-Belasio E, Borsetti A, Toschi E, Schiavoni I, Bacigalupo I, Kan E, Sernicola L, Maggiorella MT, Montin K, Porcu M, Leone P, Leone P, Collacchi B, Palladino C, Ridolfi B, Falchi M, Macchia I, Ulmer JB, Buttò S, Sgadari C, Magnani M, Federico MPM, Titti F, Banci L, Dallocchio F, Rappuoli R, Ensoli F, Barnett SW, Garaci E, Ensoli B. HIV-1 tat promotes integrin-mediated HIV transmission to dendritic cells by binding Env spikes and competes neutralization by anti-HIV antibodies. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48781. [PMID: 23152803 PMCID: PMC3496724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of Env in HIV vaccine development has been disappointing. Here we show that, in the presence of a biologically active Tat subunit vaccine, a trimeric Env protein prevents in monkeys virus spread from the portal of entry to regional lymph nodes. This appears to be due to specific interactions between Tat and Env spikes that form a novel virus entry complex favoring R5 or X4 virus entry and productive infection of dendritic cells (DCs) via an integrin-mediated pathway. These Tat effects do not require Tat-transactivation activity and are blocked by anti-integrin antibodies (Abs). Productive DC infection promoted by Tat is associated with a highly efficient virus transmission to T cells. In the Tat/Env complex the cysteine-rich region of Tat engages the Env V3 loop, whereas the Tat RGD sequence remains free and directs the virus to integrins present on DCs. V2 loop deletion, which unshields the CCR5 binding region of Env, increases Tat/Env complex stability. Of note, binding of Tat to Env abolishes neutralization of Env entry or infection of DCs by anti-HIV sera lacking anti-Tat Abs, which are seldom present in natural infection. This is reversed, and neutralization further enhanced, by HIV sera containing anti-Tat Abs such as those from asymptomatic or Tat-vaccinated patients, or by sera from the Tat/Env vaccinated monkeys. Thus, both anti-Tat and anti-Env Abs are required for efficient HIV neutralization. These data suggest that the Tat/Env interaction increases HIV acquisition and spreading, as a mechanism evolved by the virus to escape anti-Env neutralizing Abs. This may explain the low effectiveness of Env-based vaccines, which are also unlikely to elicit Abs against new Env epitopes exposed by the Tat/Env interaction. As Tat also binds Envs from different clades, new vaccine strategies should exploit the Tat/Env interaction for both preventative and therapeutic interventions.
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MESH Headings
- AIDS Vaccines/administration & dosage
- AIDS Vaccines/immunology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- HIV Antibodies/immunology
- HIV Antibodies/metabolism
- HIV Envelope Protein gp120/immunology
- HIV Envelope Protein gp120/metabolism
- HIV Infections/immunology
- HIV Infections/prevention & control
- HIV Infections/transmission
- HIV Infections/virology
- HIV-1/immunology
- HIV-1/metabolism
- Humans
- Integrins/immunology
- Integrins/metabolism
- Macaca fascicularis
- Male
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Neutralization Tests
- Oligopeptides/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs/immunology
- Receptors, CCR5/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/isolation & purification
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/virology
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
- Virus Internalization
- Virus Replication
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/chemistry
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
- env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/metabolism
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/chemistry
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/immunology
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Monini
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelio Cafaro
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Indresh K. Srivastava
- Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sonia Moretti
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Victoria A. Sharma
- Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonella Tripiciano
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- San Gallicano Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Filomena Nappi
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Olimpia Longo
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Orietta Picconi
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Toschi
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Elaine Kan
- Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - Katy Montin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Porcu
- CERM, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Leone
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Ridolfi
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Falchi
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Macchia
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Jeffrey B. Ulmer
- Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stefano Buttò
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Sgadari
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Fausto Titti
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- CERM, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Susan W. Barnett
- Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Enrico Garaci
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ensoli
- National AIDS Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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40
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Liu P, Qin L, Wang Q, Sun Y, Zhu M, Shen M, Duan Y. cRGD-functionalized mPEG-PLGA-PLL nanoparticles for imaging and therapy of breast cancer. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6739-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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41
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Park J, Babensee JE. Differential functional effects of biomaterials on dendritic cell maturation. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:3606-17. [PMID: 22705044 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The immunological outcome of dendritic cell (DC) treatment with different biomaterials was assessed to demonstrate the range of DC phenotypes induced by biomaterials commonly used in combination products. Immature DCs (iDCs) were derived from human peripheral blood monocytes, and treated with different biomaterial films of alginate, agarose, chitosan, hyaluronic acid (HA), or 75:25 poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and a comprehensive battery of phenotypic functional outcomes was assessed. Different levels of functional changes in DC phenotype were observed depending on the type of biomaterial films used to treat the DCs. Treatment of DCs with PLGA or chitosan films supported DC maturation, with higher levels of DC allostimulatory capacity, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and expression of CD80, CD86, CD83, HLA-DQ and CD44 compared with iDCs, and lower endocytic ability compared with iDCs. Alginate film induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release from DCs at levels higher than from iDCs. Dendritic cells treated with HA film expressed lower levels of CD40, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR compared with iDCs. They also exhibited lower endocytic ability and CD44 expression than iDCs, possibly due to an insolubilized (cross-linked) form of high molecular weight HA. Interestingly, treatment of DCs with agarose film maintained the DC functional phenotype at levels similar to iDCs except for CD44 expression, which was lower than that of iDCs. Taken together, these results can provide selection criteria for biomaterials to be used in immunomodulating applications and can inform potential outcomes of biomaterials within combination products on associated immune responses as desired by the application.
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42
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Milone MC, Kam LC. Investigative and clinical applications of synthetic immune synapses. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 5:75-85. [PMID: 22927243 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The immune synapse (IS) has emerged as a compelling model of cell-cell communication. This interface between a T cell and antigen-presenting cell (APC) serves as a key point in coordinating the immune response. A distinguishing feature of this interface is that juxtacrine signaling molecules form complex patterns that are defined at micrometer and submicrometer scales. Moreover, these patterns are highly dynamic. While cellular and molecular approaches have provided insight into the influence of these patterns on cell-cell signaling, replacing the APC with a synthetic, micro/nanoengineered surface promises a new level of sophistication to these studies. Micropatterning of multiple ligands onto a surface, for example, allowed the direct demonstration that T cells can sense and respond to microscale geometry of the IS. Supported lipid bilayers have captured the lateral mobility of natural ligands, allowing insight into this complex property of the cell-cell interface in model systems. Finally, engineered surfaces have allowed the study of forces and mechanosensing in T cell activation, an emerging area of immune cell research. In addition to providing new insight into biophysical principles, investigations into IS function may allow control over ex vivo T cell expansion. Bioreactors based on these concepts may find immediate application in enhancing cellular-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Milone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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43
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Lewis JS, Zaveri TD, Crooks CP, Keselowsky BG. Microparticle surface modifications targeting dendritic cells for non-activating applications. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7221-32. [PMID: 22796161 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microparticulate systems for delivery of therapeutics to DCs for immunotherapy have gained attention recently. However, reports addressing the optimization of DC-targeting microparticle delivery systems are limited, particularly for cases where the goal is to deliver payload to DCs in a non-activating fashion. Here, we investigate targeting DCs using poly (d lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles (MPs) in a non-stimulatory manner and assess efficacy in vitro and in vivo. We modified MPs by surface immobilizing DC receptor targeting molecules - antibodies (anti-CD11c, anti-DEC-205) or peptides (P-D2, RGD), where anti-CD11c antibody, P-D2 and RGD peptides target integrins and anti-DEC-205 antibody targets the c-type lectin receptor DEC-205. Our results demonstrate the modified MPs are neither toxic nor activating, and DC uptake of MPs in vitro is improved by the anti-DEC-205 antibody, the anti-CD11c antibody and the P-D2 peptide modifications. The P-D2 peptide MP modification significantly improved DC antigen presentation in vitro both at immediate and delayed time points. Notably, MP functionalization with P-D2 peptide and anti-CD11c antibody increased the rate and extent of MP translocation in vivo by DCs and MΦs, with the P-D2 peptide modified MPs demonstrating the highest translocation. This work informs the design of non-activating polymeric microparticulate applications such as vaccines for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal S Lewis
- J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6131, USA
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44
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Ventre M, Causa F, Netti PA. Determinants of cell-material crosstalk at the interface: towards engineering of cell instructive materials. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:2017-32. [PMID: 22753785 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel biomaterials able to control cell activities and direct their fate is warranted for engineering functional biological tissues, advanced cell culture systems, single-cell diagnosis as well as for cell sorting and differentiation. It is well established that crosstalk at the cell-material interface occurs and this has a profound influence on cell behaviour. However, the complete deciphering of the cell-material communication code is still far away. A variety of material surface properties have been reported to affect the strength and the nature of the cell-material interactions, including biological cues, topography and mechanical properties. Novel experimental evidence bears out the hypothesis that these three different signals participate in the same material-cytoskeleton crosstalk pathway via adhesion plaque formation dynamics. In this review, we present the relevant findings on material-induced cell response along with the description of cell behaviour when exposed to arrays of signals-biochemical, topographical and mechanical. Finally, with the aid of literature data, we attempt to draw unifying elements of the material-cytoskeleton-cell fate chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Ventre
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia and Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biomaterials, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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45
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Harding FJ, Clements LR, Short RD, Thissen H, Voelcker NH. Assessing embryonic stem cell response to surface chemistry using plasma polymer gradients. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:1739-48. [PMID: 22326974 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The control of cell-material interactions is the key to a broad range of biomedical interactions. Gradient surfaces have recently been established as tools allowing the high-throughput screening and optimization of these interactions. In this paper, we show that plasma polymer gradients can reveal the subtle influence of surface chemistry on embryonic stem cell behavior and probe the mechanisms by which this occurs. Lateral gradients of surface chemistry were generated by plasma polymerization of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether on top of a substrate coated with an acrylic acid plasma polymer using a tilted slide as a mask. Gradient surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared microscopy mapping and profilometry. By changing the plasma polymerization time, the gradient profile could be easily manipulated. To demonstrate the utility of these surfaces for the screening of cell-material interactions, we studied the response of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to these gradients and compared the performance of different plasma polymerization times during gradient fabrication. We observed a strong correlation between surface chemistry and cell attachment, colony size and retention of stem cell markers. Cell adhesion and colony formation showed striking differences on gradients with different plasma polymer deposition times. Deposition time influenced the depth of the plasma film deposited and the relative position of surface functional group density on the substrate, but not the range of plasma-generated species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances J Harding
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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46
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Clements LR, Wang PY, Tsai WB, Thissen H, Voelcker NH. Electrochemistry-enabled fabrication of orthogonal nanotopography and surface chemistry gradients for high-throughput screening. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:1480-1486. [PMID: 22395420 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc20732j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gradient surfaces are emerging tools for investigating mammalian cell-surface interactions in high throughput. We demonstrate the electrochemical fabrication of an orthogonal gradient platform combining a porous silicon (pSi) pore size gradient with an orthogonal gradient of peptide ligand density. pSi gradients were fabricated via the anodic etching of a silicon wafer with pore sizes ranging from hundreds to tens of nanometers. A chemical gradient of ethyl-6-bromohexanoate was generated orthogonally to the pSi gradient via electrochemical attachment. Subsequent hydrolysis and activation of the chemical gradient allowed for the generation of a cyclic RGD gradient. Whilst mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were shown to respond to both the topographical and chemical cues arising from the orthogonal gradient, the MSC's responded more strongly to changes in RGD density than to changes in pore size during short-term culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Clements
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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47
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Dalleywater WJ, Chau DYS, Ghaemmaghami AM. Tissue transglutaminase treatment leads to concentration-dependent changes in dendritic cell phenotype--implications for the role of transglutaminase in coeliac disease. BMC Immunol 2012; 13:20. [PMID: 22507564 PMCID: PMC3352302 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-13-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are part of the innate immune system with a key role in initiating and modulating T cell mediated immune responses. Coeliac disease is caused by inappropriate activation of such a response leading to small intestinal inflammation when gluten is ingested. Tissue transglutaminase, an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, has an established role in coeliac disease; however, little work to date has examined its impact on DCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of small intestinal ECM proteins, fibronectin (FN) and tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG-2), on human DCs by including these proteins in DC cultures. The study used flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy to determine the effect of FN and TG-2 on phenotype, endocytic ability and and morphology of DCs. Furthermore, DCs treated with FN and TG-2 were cultured with T cells and subsequent T cell proliferation and cytokine profile was determined. The data indicate that transglutaminase affected DCs in a concentration-dependent manner. High concentrations were associated with a more mature phenotype and increased ability to stimulate T cells, while lower concentrations led to maintenance of an immature phenotype. These data provide support for an additional role for transglutaminase in coeliac disease and demonstrate the potential of in vitro modelling of coeliac disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Dalleywater
- Allergy and Tissue Modelling Research Group, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham, A Floor, West Block, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
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48
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Zelzer M, Scurr DJ, Alexander MR, Ulijn RV. Development and validation of a fluorescence method to follow the build-up of short peptide sequences on solid 2D surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:53-8. [PMID: 22191453 DOI: 10.1021/am2015266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The modification of material surfaces with short peptide sequences has become an essential step in many biotechnological and biomedical applications. Due to their simple architecture compared to more complex 3D substrates, 2D surfaces are of particular interest for high throughput applications and as model surfaces for dynamic or responsive surface modifications. The decoration of these surfaces with peptides is commonly accomplished by synthesizing the peptide first and subsequently transferring it onto the surface of the substrate. Recently, several procedures have been described for the synthesis of peptides directly onto a 2D surface, thereby simplifying and accelerating the modification of flat surfaces with peptides. However, the wider use of these techniques requires a routine method to monitor the amino acid build-up on the surface. Here, we describe a fast, inexpensive and nondestructive fluorescence based method which is readily accessible to follow the amino acid build-up on solid 2D samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Zelzer
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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49
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Synergistic enhancement of human bone marrow stromal cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation on BMP-2-derived and RGD peptide concentration gradients. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:2091-100. [PMID: 21272672 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Rational design of bioactive tissue engineered scaffolds for directing bone regeneration in vivo requires a comprehensive understanding of cell interactions with the immobilized bioactive molecules. In the current study, substrates possessing gradient concentrations of immobilized peptides were used to measure the concentration-dependent proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. Two bioactive peptides, one derived from extracellular matrix protein (ECM), GRGDS, and one from bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), KIPKASSVPTELSAISTLYL, were found to synergistically enhance cell proliferation, up-regulate osteogenic mRNA markers bone sialoprotein (BSP) and Runt-related transcription factor 2, and produce mineralization at densities greater than 130 pmol cm(-2) (65 pmol cm(-2) for each peptide). In addition, COOH-terminated self-assembled monolayers alone led to up-regulated BSP mRNA levels at densities above 200 pmol cm(-2) and increased cell proliferation from day 3 to day 14. Taking further advantage of both the synergistic potentials and the concentration-dependent activities of ECM and growth-factor-derived peptides on proliferative activity and osteogenic differentiation, without the need for additional osteogenic supplements, will enable the successful incorporation of the bioactive species into biorelevant tissue engineering scaffolds.
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50
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Keselowsky BG, Xia CQ, Clare-Salzler M. Multifunctional dendritic cell-targeting polymeric microparticles: engineering new vaccines for type 1 diabetes. HUMAN VACCINES 2011; 7:37-44. [PMID: 21157186 DOI: 10.4161/hv.7.1.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G Keselowsky
- J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine; University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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