1
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Salih T, Caputo M, Ghorbel MT. Recent Advances in Hydrogel-Based 3D Bioprinting and Its Potential Application in the Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease. Biomolecules 2024; 14:861. [PMID: 39062575 PMCID: PMC11274841 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect, requiring invasive surgery often before a child's first birthday. Current materials used during CHD surgery lack the ability to grow, remodel, and regenerate. To solve those limitations, 3D bioprinting is an emerging tool with the capability to create tailored constructs based on patients' own imaging data with the ability to grow and remodel once implanted in children with CHD. It has the potential to integrate multiple bioinks with several cell types and biomolecules within 3D-bioprinted constructs that exhibit good structural fidelity, stability, and mechanical integrity. This review gives an overview of CHD and recent advancements in 3D bioprinting technologies with potential use in the treatment of CHD. Moreover, the selection of appropriate biomaterials based on their chemical, physical, and biological properties that are further manipulated to suit their application are also discussed. An introduction to bioink formulations composed of various biomaterials with emphasis on multiple cell types and biomolecules is briefly overviewed. Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis of prefabricated 3D-bioprinted structures and novel 4D printing technology are also summarized. Finally, we discuss several restrictions and our perspective on future directions in 3D bioprinting technologies in the treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Salih
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK; (T.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimo Caputo
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK; (T.S.); (M.C.)
- Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Mohamed T. Ghorbel
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK; (T.S.); (M.C.)
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2
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Luo W, Zhang H, Wan R, Cai Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Zhang D, Luo Z, Shang X. Biomaterials-Based Technologies in Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304196. [PMID: 38712598 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
For many clinically prevalent severe injuries, the inherent regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle remains inadequate. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) seeks to meet this clinical demand. With continuous progress in biomedicine and related technologies including micro/nanotechnology and 3D printing, numerous studies have uncovered various intrinsic mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle regeneration and developed tailored biomaterial systems based on these understandings. Here, the skeletal muscle structure and regeneration process are discussed and the diverse biomaterial systems derived from various technologies are explored in detail. Biomaterials serve not merely as local niches for cell growth, but also as scaffolds endowed with structural or physicochemical properties that provide tissue regenerative cues such as topographical, electrical, and mechanical signals. They can also act as delivery systems for stem cells and bioactive molecules that have been shown as key participants in endogenous repair cascades. To achieve bench-to-bedside translation, the typical effect enabled by biomaterial systems and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms are also summarized. Insights into the roles of biomaterials in SMTE from cellular and molecular perspectives are provided. Finally, perspectives on the advancement of SMTE are provided, for which gene therapy, exosomes, and hybrid biomaterials may hold promise to make important contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Hanli Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Renwen Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Xiliang Shang
- Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
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3
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Patel R, Patel D. Injectable Hydrogels in Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1878. [PMID: 39000733 PMCID: PMC11244148 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart problems are quite prevalent worldwide. Cardiomyocytes and stem cells are two examples of the cells and supporting matrix that are used in the integrated process of cardiac tissue regeneration. The objective is to create innovative materials that can effectively replace or repair damaged cardiac muscle. One of the most effective and appealing 3D/4D scaffolds for creating an appropriate milieu for damaged tissue growth and healing is hydrogel. In order to successfully regenerate heart tissue, bioactive and biocompatible hydrogels are required to preserve cells in the infarcted region and to bid support for the restoration of myocardial wall stress, cell survival and function. Heart tissue engineering uses a variety of hydrogels, such as natural or synthetic polymeric hydrogels. This article provides a quick overview of the various hydrogel types employed in cardiac tissue engineering. Their benefits and drawbacks are discussed. Hydrogel-based techniques for heart regeneration are also addressed, along with their clinical application and future in cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Patel
- Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur 385001, India;
| | - Dhruvi Patel
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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4
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Bosmans C, Ginés Rodriguez N, Karperien M, Malda J, Moreira Teixeira L, Levato R, Leijten J. Towards single-cell bioprinting: micropatterning tools for organ-on-chip development. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:739-759. [PMID: 38310021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Organs-on-chips (OoCs) hold promise to engineer progressively more human-relevant in vitro models for pharmaceutical purposes. Recent developments have delivered increasingly sophisticated designs, yet OoCs still lack in reproducing the inner tissue physiology required to fully resemble the native human body. This review emphasizes the need to include microarchitectural and microstructural features, and discusses promising avenues to incorporate well-defined microarchitectures down to the single-cell level. We highlight how their integration will significantly contribute to the advancement of the field towards highly organized structural and hierarchical tissues-on-chip. We discuss the combination of state-of-the-art micropatterning technologies to achieve OoCs resembling human-intrinsic complexity. It is anticipated that these innovations will yield significant advances in realization of the next generation of OoC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Bosmans
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Núria Ginés Rodriguez
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Liliana Moreira Teixeira
- Department of Advanced Organ bioengineering and Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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5
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Maharjan S, Ma C, Singh B, Kang H, Orive G, Yao J, Shrike Zhang Y. Advanced 3D imaging and organoid bioprinting for biomedical research and therapeutic applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115237. [PMID: 38447931 PMCID: PMC11031334 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Organoid cultures offer a valuable platform for studying organ-level biology, allowing for a closer mimicry of human physiology compared to traditional two-dimensional cell culture systems or non-primate animal models. While many organoid cultures use cell aggregates or decellularized extracellular matrices as scaffolds, they often lack precise biochemical and biophysical microenvironments. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting allows precise placement of organoids or spheroids, providing enhanced spatial control and facilitating the direct fusion for the formation of large-scale functional tissues in vitro. In addition, 3D bioprinting enables fine tuning of biochemical and biophysical cues to support organoid development and maturation. With advances in the organoid technology and its potential applications across diverse research fields such as cell biology, developmental biology, disease pathology, precision medicine, drug toxicology, and tissue engineering, organoid imaging has become a crucial aspect of physiological and pathological studies. This review highlights the recent advancements in imaging technologies that have significantly contributed to organoid research. Additionally, we discuss various bioprinting techniques, emphasizing their applications in organoid bioprinting. Integrating 3D imaging tools into a bioprinting platform allows real-time visualization while facilitating quality control, optimization, and comprehensive bioprinting assessment. Similarly, combining imaging technologies with organoid bioprinting can provide valuable insights into tissue formation, maturation, functions, and therapeutic responses. This approach not only improves the reproducibility of physiologically relevant tissues but also enhances understanding of complex biological processes. Thus, careful selection of bioprinting modalities, coupled with appropriate imaging techniques, holds the potential to create a versatile platform capable of addressing existing challenges and harnessing opportunities in these rapidly evolving fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushila Maharjan
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chenshuo Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Bibhor Singh
- Winthrop L. Chenery Upper Elementary School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, 01007, Spain; Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Junjie Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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6
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Zheng Z, Tang W, Li Y, Ai Y, Tu Z, Yang J, Fan C. Advancing cardiac regeneration through 3D bioprinting: methods, applications, and future directions. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:599-613. [PMID: 37943420 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a paramount global mortality concern, and their prevalence is on a relentless ascent. Despite the effectiveness of contemporary medical interventions in mitigating CVD-related fatality rates and complications, their efficacy remains curtailed by an array of limitations. These include the suboptimal efficiency of direct cell injection and an inherent disequilibrium between the demand and availability of heart transplantations. Consequently, the imperative to formulate innovative strategies for cardiac regeneration therapy becomes unmistakable. Within this context, 3D bioprinting technology emerges as a vanguard contender, occupying a pivotal niche in the realm of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This state-of-the-art methodology holds the potential to fabricate intricate heart tissues endowed with multifaceted structures and functionalities, thereby engendering substantial promise. By harnessing the prowess of 3D bioprinting, it becomes plausible to synthesize functional cardiac architectures seamlessly enmeshed with the host tissue, affording a viable avenue for the restitution of infarcted domains and, by extension, mitigating the onerous yoke of CVDs. In this review, we encapsulate the myriad applications of 3D bioprinting technology in the domain of heart tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we usher in the latest advancements in printing methodologies and bioinks, culminating in an exploration of the extant challenges and the vista of possibilities inherent to a diverse array of approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Weijie Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yinze Ai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zhi Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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7
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He YC, Yuan GD, Li N, Ren MF, Qian-Zhang, Deng KN, Wang LC, Xiao WL, Ma N, Stamm C, Felthaus O, Prantl L, Nie J, Wang G. Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 87:383-398. [PMID: 38578884 DOI: 10.3233/ch-249101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction refers to the ischemic necrosis of myocardium, characterized by a sharp reduction or interruption of blood flow in the coronary arteries due to the coronary artery occlusion, resulting in severe and prolonged ischemia in the corresponding myocardium and ultimately leading to ischemic necrosis of the myocardium. Given its high risk, it is considered as one of the most serious health threats today. In current clinical practice, multiple approaches have been explored to diminish myocardial oxygen consumption and alleviate symptoms, but notable success remains elusive. Accumulated clinical evidence has showed that the implantation of mesenchymal stem cell for treating myocardial infarction is both effective and safe. Nevertheless, there persists controversy and variability regarding the standardizing MSC transplantation protocols, optimizing dosage, and determining the most effective routes of administration. Addressing these remaining issues will pave the way of integration of MSCs as a feasible mainstream cardiac treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan He
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yuan
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Li
- Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mei-Fang Ren
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian-Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kai-Ning Deng
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Le-Chuan Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Ling Xiao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Active Polymers, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Felthaus
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jia Nie
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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8
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Rosellini E, Cascone MG, Guidi L, Schubert DW, Roether JA, Boccaccini AR. Mending a broken heart by biomimetic 3D printed natural biomaterial-based cardiac patches: a review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254739. [PMID: 38047285 PMCID: PMC10690428 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the major causes of mortality as well as morbidity around the world. Currently available treatment options face a number of drawbacks, hence cardiac tissue engineering, which aims to bioengineer functional cardiac tissue, for application in tissue repair, patient specific drug screening and disease modeling, is being explored as a viable alternative. To achieve this, an appropriate combination of cells, biomimetic scaffolds mimicking the structure and function of the native tissue, and signals, is necessary. Among scaffold fabrication techniques, three-dimensional printing, which is an additive manufacturing technique that enables to translate computer-aided designs into 3D objects, has emerged as a promising technique to develop cardiac patches with a highly defined architecture. As a further step toward the replication of complex tissues, such as cardiac tissue, more recently 3D bioprinting has emerged as a cutting-edge technology to print not only biomaterials, but also multiple cell types simultaneously. In terms of bioinks, biomaterials isolated from natural sources are advantageous, as they can provide exceptional biocompatibility and bioactivity, thus promoting desired cell responses. An ideal biomimetic cardiac patch should incorporate additional functional properties, which can be achieved by means of appropriate functionalization strategies. These are essential to replicate the native tissue, such as the release of biochemical signals, immunomodulatory properties, conductivity, enhanced vascularization and shape memory effects. The aim of the review is to present an overview of the current state of the art regarding the development of biomimetic 3D printed natural biomaterial-based cardiac patches, describing the 3D printing fabrication methods, the natural-biomaterial based bioinks, the functionalization strategies, as well as the in vitro and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorenzo Guidi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dirk W. Schubert
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Judith A. Roether
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Chang J, Sun X. Laser-induced forward transfer based laser bioprinting in biomedical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1255782. [PMID: 37671193 PMCID: PMC10475545 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1255782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is an emerging field that utilizes 3D printing technology to fabricate intricate biological structures, including tissues and organs. Among the various promising bioprinting techniques, laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) stands out by employing a laser to precisely transfer cells or bioinks onto a substrate, enabling the creation of complex 3D architectures with characteristics of high printing precision, enhanced cell viability, and excellent technical adaptability. This technology has found extensive applications in the production of biomolecular microarrays and biological structures, demonstrating significant potential in tissue engineering. This review briefly introduces the experimental setup, bioink ejection mechanisms, and parameters relevant to LIFT bioprinting. Furthermore, it presents a detailed summary of both conventional and cutting-edge applications of LIFT in fabricating biomolecule microarrays and various tissues, such as skin, blood vessels and bone. Additionally, the review addresses the existing challenges in this field and provides corresponding suggestions. By contributing to the ongoing development of this field, this review aims to inspire further research on the utilization of LIFT-based bioprinting in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Chang
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xuming Sun
- School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Neurobiosensor, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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10
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Restan Perez M, da Silva VA, Cortez PE, Joddar B, Willerth SM. 3D-bioprinted cardiac tissues and their potential for disease modeling. JOURNAL OF 3D PRINTING IN MEDICINE 2023; 7:10.2217/3dp-2022-0023. [PMID: 38250545 PMCID: PMC10798787 DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2022-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Heart diseases cause over 17.9 million total deaths globally, making them the leading source of mortality. The aim of this review is to describe the characteristic mechanical, chemical and cellular properties of human cardiac tissue and how these properties can be mimicked in 3D bioprinted tissues. Furthermore, the authors review how current healthy cardiac models are being 3D bioprinted using extrusion-, laser- and inkjet-based printers. The review then discusses the pathologies of cardiac diseases and how bioprinting could be used to fabricate models to study these diseases and potentially find new drug targets for such diseases. Finally, the challenges and future directions of cardiac disease modeling using 3D bioprinting techniques are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Alisson da Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Polette Esmeralda Cortez
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials & Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Binata Joddar
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials & Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Stephanie Michelle Willerth
- Axolotl Biosciences, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Technology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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11
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Budharaju H, Sundaramurthi D, Sethuraman S. Efficient dual crosslinking of protein-in-polysaccharide bioink for biofabrication of cardiac tissue constructs. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213486. [PMID: 37302210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a lethal cardiac disease that causes most of the mortality across the world. MI is a consequence of plaque in the arterial walls of heart, which eventually result in occlusion and ischemia to the myocardial tissues due to inadequate nutrient and oxygen supply. As an efficient alternative to the existing treatment strategies for MI, 3D bioprinting has evolved as an advanced tissue fabrication technique where the cell-laden bioinks are printed layer-by-layer to create functional cardiac patches. In this study, a dual crosslinking strategy has been utilized towards 3D bioprinting of myocardial constructs by using a combination of alginate and fibrinogen. Herein, pre-crosslinking of the physically blended alginate-fibrinogen bioinks with CaCl2 enhanced the shape fidelity and printability of the printed structures. Physicochemical properties of the bioinks such as rheology, fibrin distribution, swelling ratio and degradation behaviour, were determined post-printing for only ionically crosslinked & dual crosslinked constructs and found to be ideal for bioprinting of cardiac constructs. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes (AC 16) exhibited a significant increase in cell proliferation on day 7 and 14 in AF-DMEM-20 mM CaCl2 bioink when compared to A-DMEM-20 mM CaCl2 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, myocardial patches containing neonatal ventricular rat myocytes (NVRM) showed >80 % viability and also expressed sarcomeric alpha actinin & connexin 43. These results indicate that the dual crosslinking strategy was cytocompatible and also possess the potential to be used for biofabrication of thick myocardial constructs for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India.
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12
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Ketabat F, Maris T, Duan X, Yazdanpanah Z, Kelly ME, Badea I, Chen X. Optimization of 3D printing and in vitro characterization of alginate/gelatin lattice and angular scaffolds for potential cardiac tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1161804. [PMID: 37304145 PMCID: PMC10248470 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1161804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Engineering cardiac tissue that mimics the hierarchical structure of cardiac tissue remains challenging, raising the need for developing novel methods capable of creating structures with high complexity. Three-dimensional (3D)-printing techniques are among promising methods for engineering complex tissue constructs with high precision. By means of 3D printing, this study aims to develop cardiac constructs with a novel angular structure mimicking cardiac architecture from alginate (Alg) and gelatin (Gel) composite. The 3D-printing conditions were optimized and the structures were characterized in vitro, with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells), for potential cardiac tissue engineering. Methods: We synthesized the composites of Alg and Gel with varying concentrations and examined their cytotoxicity with both H9c2 cells and HUVECs, as well as their printability for creating 3D structures of varying fibre orientations (angular design). The 3D-printed structures were characterized in terms of morphology by both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and synchrotron radiation propagation-based imaging computed tomography (SR-PBI-CT), and elastic modulus, swelling percentage, and mass loss percentage as well. The cell viability studies were conducted via measuring the metabolic activity of the live cells with MTT assay and visualizing the cells with live/dead assay kit. Results: Among the examined composite groups of Alg and Gel, two combinations with ratios of 2 to 1 and 3 to 1 (termed as Alg2Gel1 and Alg3Gel1) showed the highest cell survival; they accordingly were used to fabricate two different structures: a novel angular and a conventional lattice structure. Scaffolds made of Alg3Gel1 showed higher elastic modulus, lower swelling percentage, less mass loss, and higher cell survival compared to that of Alg2Gel1. Although the viability of H9c2 cells and HUVECs on all scaffolds composed of Alg3Gel1 was above 99%, the group of the constructs with the angular design maintained significantly more viable cells compared to other investigated groups. Conclusion: The group of angular 3D-ptinted constructs has illustrated promising properties for cardiac tissue engineering by providing high cell viability for both endothelial and cardiac cells, high mechanical strength as well as appropriate swelling, and degradation properties during 21 days of incubation. Statement of Significance: 3D-printing is an emerging method to create complex constructs with high precision in a large scale. In this study, we have demonstrated that 3D-printing can be used to create compatible constructs from the composite of Alg and Gel with endothelial cells and cardiac cells. Also, we have demonstrated that these constructs are able to enhance the viability of cardiac and endothelial cells via creating a 3D structure mimicking the alignment and orientation of the fibers in the native heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Ketabat
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Titouan Maris
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Institut Catholique des arts et métiers (ICAM)- Site de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Xiaoman Duan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Zahra Yazdanpanah
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Michael E. Kelly
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ildiko Badea
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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13
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Lee HY, Lee JW. Current Status and Future Outlook of Additive Manufacturing Technologies for the Reconstruction of the Trachea. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040196. [PMID: 37103286 PMCID: PMC10141199 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracheal stenosis and defects occur congenitally and in patients who have undergone tracheal intubation and tracheostomy due to long-term intensive care. Such issues may also be observed during tracheal removal during malignant head and neck tumor resection. However, to date, no treatment method has been identified that can simultaneously restore the appearance of the tracheal skeleton while maintaining respiratory function in patients with tracheal defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method that can maintain tracheal function while simultaneously reconstructing the skeletal structure of the trachea. Under such circumstances, the advent of additive manufacturing technology that can create customized structures using patient medical image data provides new possibilities for tracheal reconstruction surgery. In this study, the three-dimensional (3D) printing and bioprinting technologies used in tracheal reconstruction are summarized, and various research results related to the reconstruction of mucous membranes, cartilage, blood vessels, and muscle tissue, which are tissues required for tracheal reconstruction, are classified. The prospects for 3D-printed tracheas in clinical studies are also described. This review serves as a guide for the development of artificial tracheas and clinical trials using 3D printing and bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Yong Lee
- Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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14
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Adhikari J, Roy A, Chanda A, D A G, Thomas S, Ghosh M, Kim J, Saha P. Effects of surface patterning and topography on the cellular functions of tissue engineered scaffolds with special reference to 3D bioprinting. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1236-1269. [PMID: 36644788 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01499h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tissue organ exhibits a topography from the nano to micrometer range, and the design of scaffolds has been inspired by the host environment. Modern bioprinting aims to replicate the host tissue environment to mimic the native physiological functions. A detailed discussion on the topographical features controlling cell attachment, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and the effect of geometrical design on the wettability and mechanical properties of the scaffold are presented in this review. Moreover, geometrical pattern-mediated stiffness and pore arrangement variations for guiding cell functions have also been discussed. This review also covers the application of designed patterns, gradients, or topographic modulation on 3D bioprinted structures in fabricating the anisotropic features. Finally, this review accounts for the tissue-specific requirements that can be adopted for topography-motivated enhancement of cellular functions during the fabrication process with a special thrust on bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Adhikari
- School of Advanced Materials, Green Energy and Sensor Systems, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Avinava Roy
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Amit Chanda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Gouripriya D A
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, West Bengal 700091, India.
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Chemical Sciences, MG University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Manojit Ghosh
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Jinku Kim
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, 30016, South Korea.
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research (JISIASR) Kolkata, JIS University, GP Block, Salt Lake, Sector-5, West Bengal 700091, India.
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15
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Mao X, Wang Z. Research Progress of Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Artificial Cardiac Tissue. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1-9. [PMID: 36401767 PMCID: PMC9852375 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main diseases that endanger human life and health, and heart failure often occurs when the cardiovascular disease develops to the end-stage. Heart transplantation is the most effective treatment. However, there has always been a shortage of living heart organs. With the development of regenerative medicine, researchers have turned to bioprinting technology that can build tissues and organs in vitro. A large number of relevant literature on three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted hearts were searched and screened in Google Scholar. 3D bioprinting technology can accurately print biomaterials containing living cells into 3D functional living tissues, providing a feasible solution to the shortage of transplantable organs. As one of the most important organs in the human body, the research on 3D bioprinting of the heart has currently become a hot topic. This paper briefly overviews 3D bioprinting technology and the progress in bioprinting cardiac tissue. It is believed that in the future, bio-printed hearts will become a reality, making a new way of providing artificial organs for heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhehui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Tripathi S, Mandal SS, Bauri S, Maiti P. 3D bioprinting and its innovative approach for biomedical applications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e194. [PMID: 36582305 PMCID: PMC9790048 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting or additive manufacturing is an emerging innovative technology revolutionizing the field of biomedical applications by combining engineering, manufacturing, art, education, and medicine. This process involved incorporating the cells with biocompatible materials to design the required tissue or organ model in situ for various in vivo applications. Conventional 3D printing is involved in constructing the model without incorporating any living components, thereby limiting its use in several recent biological applications. However, this uses additional biological complexities, including material choice, cell types, and their growth and differentiation factors. This state-of-the-art technology consciously summarizes different methods used in bioprinting and their importance and setbacks. It also elaborates on the concept of bioinks and their utility. Biomedical applications such as cancer therapy, tissue engineering, bone regeneration, and wound healing involving 3D printing have gained much attention in recent years. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of all the aspects associated with 3D bioprinting, from material selection, technology, and fabrication to applications in the biomedical fields. Attempts have been made to highlight each element in detail, along with the associated available reports from recent literature. This review focuses on providing a single platform for cancer and tissue engineering applications associated with 3D bioprinting in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swikriti Tripathi
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
| | - Subham Shekhar Mandal
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
| | - Sudepta Bauri
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School of Material Science and TechnologyIndian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)VaranasiIndia
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17
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Introduction to three-dimensional printing in medicine. 3D Print Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-89831-7.00008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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18
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Wang Z, Xiang L, Lin F, Tang Y, Cui W. 3D bioprinting of emulating homeostasis regulation for regenerative medicine applications. J Control Release 2023; 353:147-165. [PMID: 36423869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis is the most fundamental mechanism of physiological processes, occurring simultaneously as the production and outcomes of pathological procedures. Accompanied by manufacture and maturation of intricate and highly hierarchical architecture obtained from 3D bioprinting (three-dimension bioprinting), homeostasis has substantially determined the quality of printed tissues and organs. Instead of only shape imitation that has been the remarkable advances, fabrication for functionality to make artificial tissues and organs that act as real ones in vivo has been accepted as the optimized strategy in 3D bioprinting for the next several years. Herein, this review aims to provide not only an overview of 3D bioprinting, but also the main strategies used for homeostasis bioprinting. This paper briefly introduces the principles of 3D bioprinting system applied in homeostasis regulations firstly, and then summarizes the specific strategies and potential trend of homeostasis regulations using multiple types of stimuli-response biomaterials to maintain auto regulation, specifically displaying a brilliant prospect in hormone regulation of homeostasis with the most recently outbreak of vasculature fabrication. Finally, we discuss challenges and future prospects of homeostasis fabrication based on 3D bioprinting in regenerative medicine, hoping to further inspire the development of functional fabrication in 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yunkai Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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19
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Hydrogel-Based Tissue-Mimics for Vascular Regeneration and Tumor Angiogenesis. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6008-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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20
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Developments and Clinical Applications of Biomimetic Tissue Regeneration using 3D Bioprinting Technique. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:2260216. [PMID: 36582589 PMCID: PMC9794424 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2260216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineers have made great strides in the past decade thanks to the advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, which has allowed them to create highly customized biological structures with precise geometric design ability, allowing us to close the gap between manufactured and natural tissues. In this work, we first survey the state-of-the-art methods, cells, and materials for 3D bioprinting. The modern uses of this method in tissue engineering are then briefly discussed. Following this, the main benefits of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering are outlined in depth, including the ability to rapidly prototype the individualized structure and the ability to engineer with a highly controllable microenvironment. Finally, we offer some predictions for the future of 3D bioprinting in the field of tissue engineering.
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21
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Xu HQ, Liu JC, Zhang ZY, Xu CX. A review on cell damage, viability, and functionality during 3D bioprinting. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:70. [PMID: 36522661 PMCID: PMC9756521 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting fabricates 3D functional tissues/organs by accurately depositing the bioink composed of the biological materials and living cells. Even though 3D bioprinting techniques have experienced significant advancement over the past decades, it remains challenging for 3D bioprinting to artificially fabricate functional tissues/organs with high post-printing cell viability and functionality since cells endure various types of stress during the bioprinting process. Generally, cell viability which is affected by several factors including the stress and the environmental factors, such as pH and temperature, is mainly determined by the magnitude and duration of the stress imposed on the cells with poorer cell viability under a higher stress and a longer duration condition. The maintenance of high cell viability especially for those vulnerable cells, such as stem cells which are more sensitive to multiple stresses, is a key initial step to ensure the functionality of the artificial tissues/organs. In addition, maintaining the pluripotency of the cells such as proliferation and differentiation abilities is also essential for the 3D-bioprinted tissues/organs to be similar to native tissues/organs. This review discusses various pathways triggering cell damage and the major factors affecting cell viability during different bioprinting processes, summarizes the studies on cell viabilities and functionalities in different bioprinting processes, and presents several potential approaches to protect cells from injuries to ensure high cell viability and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Qi Xu
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Jia-Chen Liu
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Zheng-Yi Zhang
- School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Chang-Xue Xu
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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22
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Khanna A, Oropeza BP, Huang NF. Engineering Spatiotemporal Control in Vascularized Tissues. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100555. [PMID: 36290523 PMCID: PMC9598830 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in engineering scalable three-dimensional tissues is the generation of a functional and developed microvascular network for adequate perfusion of oxygen and growth factors. Current biological approaches to creating vascularized tissues include the use of vascular cells, soluble factors, and instructive biomaterials. Angiogenesis and the subsequent generation of a functional vascular bed within engineered tissues has gained attention and is actively being studied through combinations of physical and chemical signals, specifically through the presentation of topographical growth factor signals. The spatiotemporal control of angiogenic signals can generate vascular networks in large and dense engineered tissues. This review highlights the developments and studies in the spatiotemporal control of these biological approaches through the coordinated orchestration of angiogenic factors, differentiation of vascular cells, and microfabrication of complex vascular networks. Fabrication strategies to achieve spatiotemporal control of vascularization involves the incorporation or encapsulation of growth factors, topographical engineering approaches, and 3D bioprinting techniques. In this article, we highlight the vascularization of engineered tissues, with a focus on vascularized cardiac patches that are clinically scalable for myocardial repair. Finally, we discuss the present challenges for successful clinical translation of engineered tissues and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beu P. Oropeza
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Ngan F. Huang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence:
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23
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John P, Antony IR, Whenish R, Jinoop AN. A review on fabrication of 3D printed biomaterials using optical methodologies for tissue engineering applications. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:1583-1594. [DOI: 10.1177/09544119221122856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human body comprises of different internal and external biological components. Human organs tend to fail due to continuous or sudden stress which leads to deterioration, failure, and dislocation. The choice of selection and fabrication of materials for tissue engineering play a key role in terms of suitability, sensitivity, and functioning with other organs as a replacement for failed organs. The progressive improvement of the additive manufacturing (AM) approach in healthcare made it possible to print multi-material and customized complex/intricate geometries in a layer-by-layer fashion. The customized or patient-specific implant fabrication can be easily produced with a high success rate due to the development of AM technologies with tailorable properties. The structural behavior of 3D printed biomaterials is a crucial factor in tissue engineering as they affect the functionality of the implants. Various techniques have been developed in appraising the important features and the effects of the subsequent design of the biomaterial implants. The behavior of the AM built biomaterial implants can be understood visually by an imaging system with a high spatial and spectral resolution. This review intends to present an overview of various biomaterials used in implants, followed by a detailed description of optical 3D printing procedures and evaluation of the performance of 3D printed biomaterials using optical characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline John
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, TN, India
| | - Irene Rose Antony
- School of Bio-sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN, India
| | - Ruban Whenish
- Center for Biomaterials, Cellular and molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN, India
| | - Arackal Narayanan Jinoop
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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24
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Khanna A, Ayan B, Undieh AA, Yang YP, Huang NF. Advances in three-dimensional bioprinted stem cell-based tissue engineering for cardiovascular regeneration. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 169:13-27. [PMID: 35569213 PMCID: PMC9385403 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of cellular or biological components are an emerging field to develop tissue structures that mimic the spatial, mechanochemical and temporal characteristics of cardiovascular tissues. 3D multi-cellular and multi-domain organotypic biological constructs can better recapitulate in vivo physiology and can be utilized in a variety of applications. Such applications include in vitro cellular studies, high-throughput drug screening, disease modeling, biocompatibility analysis, drug testing and regenerative medicine. A major challenge of 3D bioprinting strategies is the inability of matrix molecules to reconstitute the complexity of the extracellular matrix and the intrinsic cellular morphologies and functions. An important factor is the inclusion of a vascular network to facilitate oxygen and nutrient perfusion in scalable and patterned 3D bioprinted tissues to promote cell viability and functionality. In this review, we summarize the new generation of 3D bioprinting techniques, the kinds of bioinks and printing materials employed for 3D bioprinting, along with the current state-of-the-art in engineered cardiovascular tissue models. We also highlight the translational applications of 3D bioprinting in engineering the myocardium cardiac valves, and vascular grafts. Finally, we discuss current challenges and perspectives of designing effective 3D bioprinted constructs with native vasculature, architecture and functionality for clinical translation and cardiovascular regeneration.
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25
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Jain P, Kathuria H, Dubey N. Advances in 3D bioprinting of tissues/organs for regenerative medicine and in-vitro models. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121639. [PMID: 35779481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue/organ shortage is a major medical challenge due to donor scarcity and patient immune rejections. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict or mimic the human disease condition in animal models during preclinical studies because disease phenotype differs between humans and animals. Three-dimensional bioprinting (3DBP) is evolving into an unparalleled multidisciplinary technology for engineering three-dimensional (3D) biological tissue with complex architecture and composition. The technology has emerged as a key driver by precise deposition and assembly of biomaterials with patient's/donor cells. This advancement has aided in the successful fabrication of in vitro models, preclinical implants, and tissue/organs-like structures. Here, we critically reviewed the current state of 3D-bioprinting strategies for regenerative therapy in eight organ systems, including nervous, cardiovascular, skeletal, integumentary, endocrine and exocrine, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary systems. We also focus on the application of 3D bioprinting to fabricated in vitro models to study cancer, infection, drug testing, and safety assessment. The concept of in situ 3D bioprinting is discussed, which is the direct printing of tissues at the injury or defect site for reparative and regenerative therapy. Finally, issues such as scalability, immune response, and regulatory approval are discussed, as well as recently developed tools and technologies such as four-dimensional and convergence bioprinting. In addition, information about clinical trials using 3D printing has been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Himanshu Kathuria
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore; Nusmetic Pte Ltd, Makerspace, I4 Building, 3 Research Link Singapore, 117602, Singapore.
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; ORCHIDS: Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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26
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Ghofrani A, Taghavi L, Khalilivavdareh B, Rohani Shirvan A, Nouri A. Additive manufacturing and advanced functionalities of cardiac patches: A review. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Investigation of Cell Concentration Change and Cell Aggregation Due to Cell Sedimentation during Inkjet-Based Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Bioink. MACHINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/machines10050315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, even though 3D bioprinting has made it possible to fabricate 3D artificial tissues/organs, it still faces several significant challenges such as cell sedimentation and aggregation. As the essential element of 3D bioprinting, bioink is usually composed of biological materials and living cells. Guided by the initially dominant gravitational force, cells sediment, resulting in the non-uniformity of the bioink and the decrease in the printing reliability. This study primarily focuses on the quantification of cell sedimentation-induced cell concentration change and cell aggregation within the bioink reservoir during inkjet-based bioprinting. The major conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) with 0.5% (w/v) sodium alginate, after around 40-min printing time, almost all the cells have sedimented from the top region. The cell concentration at the bottom is measured to be more than doubled after 60-min printing time. On the contrary, due to the slow cell sedimentation velocity with 1.5% and 3% (w/v) sodium alginate, the uniformity of the bioink is still highly maintained after 60-min printing; and (2) more cell aggregates are observed at the bottom with the printing time, and severe cell aggregation phenomenon has been observed at the bottom using 0.5% (w/v) sodium alginate starting from 40-min printing time. With the highest cell concentration 2 × 106 cells/mL, 60.9% of the cells have formed cell aggregates at 40-min printing time. However, cell aggregation is dramatically suppressed by increasing the polymer concentration.
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Ghovvati M, Kharaziha M, Ardehali R, Annabi N. Recent Advances in Designing Electroconductive Biomaterials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200055. [PMID: 35368150 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Implantable cardiac patches and injectable hydrogels are among the most promising therapies for cardiac tissue regeneration following myocardial infarction. Incorporating electrical conductivity into these patches and hydrogels is found to be an efficient method to improve cardiac tissue function. Conductive nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, gold nanorod, as well as conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate are appealing because they possess the electroconductive properties of semiconductors with ease of processing and have potential to restore electrical signaling propagation through the infarct area. Numerous studies have utilized these materials for regeneration of biological tissues that possess electrical activities, such as cardiac tissue. In this review, recent studies on the use of electroconductive materials for cardiac tissue engineering and their fabrication methods are summarized. Moreover, recent advances in developing electroconductive materials for delivering therapeutic agents as one of emerging approaches for treating heart diseases and regenerating damaged cardiac tissues are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ghovvati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Biomaterials Research Group Department of Materials Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156‐83111 Iran
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of California – Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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Sharma A, Gupta S, Archana S, Verma RS. Emerging Trends in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications for Cardiac Regenerative Therapy: Current Status and Advances. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1546-1602. [PMID: 35122226 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Irreversible myocardium infarction is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related death and its quantum is expected to grow in coming years. Pharmacological intervention has been at the forefront to ameliorate injury-related morbidity and mortality. However, its outcomes are highly skewed. As an alternative, stem cell-based tissue engineering/regenerative medicine has been explored quite extensively to regenerate the damaged myocardium. The therapeutic modality that has been most widely studied both preclinically and clinically is based on adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) delivered to the injured heart. However, there is debate over the mechanistic therapeutic role of MSC in generating functional beating cardiomyocytes. This review intends to emphasize the role and use of MSC in cardiac regenerative therapy (CRT). We have elucidated in detail, the various aspects related to the history and progress of MSC use in cardiac tissue engineering and its multiple strategies to drive cardiomyogenesis. We have further discussed with a focus on the various therapeutic mechanism uncovered in recent times that has a significant role in ameliorating heart-related problems. We reviewed recent and advanced technologies using MSC to develop/create tissue construct for use in cardiac regenerative therapy. Finally, we have provided the latest update on the usage of MSC in clinical trials and discussed the outcome of such studies in realizing the full potential of MSC use in clinical management of cardiac injury as a cellular therapy module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sharma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santosh Gupta
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Archana
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Burkholder-Wenger AC, Golzar H, Wu Y, Tang XS. Development of a Hybrid Nanoink for 3D Bioprinting of Heterogeneous Tumor Models. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:777-785. [PMID: 35045252 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapid progress in applying three-dimensional (3D) printing in the field of tissue engineering, fabrication of heterogeneous and complex 3D tumor models remains a challenge. In this study, we report a hybrid nanoink (AGC) composed of alginate, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), designed for multinozzle microextrusion 3D printing of tumor models. Our results show that the ink consisting of 2 wt % alginate, 4 wt % GelMA, and 6 wt % cellulose nanocrystals (AGC246) possesses a superior shear-thinning property and little hysteresis in viscosity recovery. The fabrication of a colorectal cancer (CRC) model is demonstrated by printing a 3D topological substrate with AGC246 and then seeding/printing endothelial (EA-hy 926) and colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116) cells on top. Direct seeding of cells by dropping a cell suspension onto the 3D substrate with distinctive topological features (villi and trenches) deemed inadequate in either creating a monolayer of endothelial cells or precise positioning of cancer cell clusters, even with surface treatment to promote cell adhesion. In contrast, 3D biopinting of a CRC model using cell-laden AGC153, coupled with dual ultraviolet (UV) and ionic cross-linking, is shown to be successful. Hence, this study brings advancements in 3D bioprinting technology through innovative material and methodology designs, which could enable the fabrication of complex in vitro models for both fundamental studies of disease processes and applications in drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Burkholder-Wenger
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hossein Golzar
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xiaowu Shirley Tang
- Department of Chemistry & Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Wen J, Hou B, Lin W, Guo F, Cheng M, Zheng J, He P, Ji W. 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold-loaded granulocyte colony-stimulating factor sustained-release microspheres and their effect on endometrial regeneration. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3346-3358. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00109h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
After injury, the endometrium cannot self-repair or regenerate because damages of the basal layer of the uterine, which often lead to intrauterine adhesions (IUAs), which can cause serious problems such...
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Capillary-like Formations of Endothelial Cells in Defined Patterns Generated by Laser Bioprinting. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12121538. [PMID: 34945388 PMCID: PMC8708310 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting is seen as a promising technique for tissue engineering, with hopes of one day being able to produce whole organs. However, thick tissue requires a functional vascular network, which naturally contains vessels of various sizes, down to capillaries of ~10 µm in diameter, often spaced less than 200 µm apart. If such thick tissues are to be printed, the vasculature would likely need to be printed at the same time, including the capillaries. While there are many approaches in tissue engineering to produce larger vessels in a defined manner, the small capillaries usually arise only in random patterns by sprouting from the larger vessels or from randomly distributed endothelial cells. Here, we investigated whether the small capillaries could also be printed in predefined patterns. For this purpose, we used a laser-based bioprinting technique that allows for the combination of high resolution and high cell density. Our aim was to achieve the formation of closed tubular structures with lumina by laser-printed endothelial cells along the printed patterns on a surface and in bioprinted tissue. This study shows that such capillaries are directly printable; however, persistence of the printed tubular structures was achieved only in tissue with external stimulation by other cell types.
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Jamee R, Araf Y, Naser IB, Promon SK. The promising rise of bioprinting in revolutionalizing medical science: Advances and possibilities. Regen Ther 2021; 18:133-145. [PMID: 34189195 PMCID: PMC8213915 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is a relatively new yet evolving technique predominantly used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. 3D bioprinting techniques combine the advantages of creating Extracellular Matrix (ECM)like environments for cells and computer-aided tailoring of predetermined tissue shapes and structures. The essential application of bioprinting is for the regeneration or restoration of damaged and injured tissues by producing implantable tissues and organs. The capability of bioprinting is yet to be fully scrutinized in sectors like the patient-specific spatial distribution of cells, bio-robotics, etc. In this review, currently developed experimental systems and strategies for the bioprinting of different types of tissues as well as for drug delivery and cancer research are explored for potential applications. This review also digs into the most recent opportunities and future possibilities for the efficient implementation of bioprinting to restructure medical and technological practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radia Jamee
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Data and Sciences, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Mechamind, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yusha Araf
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Iftekhar Bin Naser
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Data and Sciences, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salman Khan Promon
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Data and Sciences, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Mechamind, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Berndt R. 3D-Bioprinting in der regenerativen Therapie von Herz- und Gefäßerkrankungen. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR HERZ THORAX UND GEFASSCHIRURGIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00398-021-00469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Goldenberg D, McLaughlin C, Koduru SV, Ravnic DJ. Regenerative Engineering: Current Applications and Future Perspectives. Front Surg 2021; 8:731031. [PMID: 34805257 PMCID: PMC8595140 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.731031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathologies, congenital defects, and traumatic injuries are untreatable by conventional pharmacologic or surgical interventions. Regenerative engineering represents an ever-growing interdisciplinary field aimed at creating biological replacements for injured tissues and dysfunctional organs. The need for bioengineered replacement parts is ubiquitous among all surgical disciplines. However, to date, clinical translation has been limited to thin, small, and/or acellular structures. Development of thicker tissues continues to be limited by vascularization and other impediments. Nevertheless, currently available materials, methods, and technologies serve as robust platforms for more complex tissue fabrication in the future. This review article highlights the current methodologies, clinical achievements, tenacious barriers, and future perspectives of regenerative engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Goldenberg
- Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Caroline McLaughlin
- Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Srinivas V. Koduru
- Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Dino J. Ravnic
- Irvin S. Zubar Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
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Applications of 3D Bioprinting in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214966. [PMID: 34768485 PMCID: PMC8584432 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is an emerging field that centers on the restoration and regeneration of functional components of damaged tissue. Tissue engineering is an application of regenerative medicine and seeks to create functional tissue components and whole organs. Using 3D printing technologies, native tissue mimics can be created utilizing biomaterials and living cells. Recently, regenerative medicine has begun to employ 3D bioprinting methods to create highly specialized tissue models to improve upon conventional tissue engineering methods. Here, we review the use of 3D bioprinting in the advancement of tissue engineering by describing the process of 3D bioprinting and its advantages over other tissue engineering methods. Materials and techniques in bioprinting are also reviewed, in addition to future clinical applications, challenges, and future directions of the field.
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Dellaquila A, Le Bao C, Letourneur D, Simon‐Yarza T. In Vitro Strategies to Vascularize 3D Physiologically Relevant Models. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100798. [PMID: 34351702 PMCID: PMC8498873 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization of 3D models represents a major challenge of tissue engineering and a key prerequisite for their clinical and industrial application. The use of prevascularized models built from dedicated materials could solve some of the actual limitations, such as suboptimal integration of the bioconstructs within the host tissue, and would provide more in vivo-like perfusable tissue and organ-specific platforms. In the last decade, the fabrication of vascularized physiologically relevant 3D constructs has been attempted by numerous tissue engineering strategies, which are classified here in microfluidic technology, 3D coculture models, namely, spheroids and organoids, and biofabrication. In this review, the recent advancements in prevascularization techniques and the increasing use of natural and synthetic materials to build physiological organ-specific models are discussed. Current drawbacks of each technology, future perspectives, and translation of vascularized tissue constructs toward clinics, pharmaceutical field, and industry are also presented. By combining complementary strategies, these models are envisioned to be successfully used for regenerative medicine and drug development in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dellaquila
- Université de ParisINSERM U1148X Bichat HospitalParisF‐75018France
- Elvesys Microfluidics Innovation CenterParis75011France
- Biomolecular PhotonicsDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of BielefeldBielefeld33615Germany
| | - Chau Le Bao
- Université de ParisINSERM U1148X Bichat HospitalParisF‐75018France
- Université Sorbonne Paris NordGalilée InstituteVilletaneuseF‐93430France
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Recent Advancements in 3D Printing and Bioprinting Methods for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8100133. [PMID: 34677206 PMCID: PMC8533407 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have seen a plethora of regenerating new tissues in order to treat a multitude of cardiovascular diseases. Autografts, xenografts and bioengineered extracellular matrices have been employed in this endeavor. However, current limitations of xenografts and exogenous scaffolds to acquire sustainable cell viability, anti-inflammatory and non-cytotoxic effects with anti-thrombogenic properties underline the requirement for alternative bioengineered scaffolds. Herein, we sought to encompass the methods of biofabricated scaffolds via 3D printing and bioprinting, the biomaterials and bioinks recruited to create biomimicked tissues of cardiac valves and vascular networks. Experimental and computational designing approaches have also been included. Moreover, the in vivo applications of the latest studies on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases have been compiled and rigorously discussed.
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Elalouf A. Immune response against the biomaterials used in 3D bioprinting of organs. Transpl Immunol 2021; 69:101446. [PMID: 34389430 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine has developed promising approaches for healing and replacing defective and damaged organs or tissues with functional ones. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting innovation has integrated a potential to design organs or tissues specific to the patient with the capability of rapid construction to fulfill the storage of organs and the need for transplantation. 3D bioprinting of organs has the main goal to develop a structural and functional organ or tissue mimic to the original one. The highly complex fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds containing biomaterials, tissue models, and biomedical devices has made it possible to print small blood vessels to mimic organs to reduce organ or tissue rejection. 3D bioprinting has the concept of bioinks containing biomaterials that may trigger the immune responses in the body. Nevertheless, foreign body response (FBR) is mediated by various cell types such as B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, neutrophils, and T-cells, and molecular signals such as antibodies (Abs), cytokines, and reactive radical species. Typically, the biomaterial is shielded by the fibrous encapsulation that is regulated by molecular signals. This review explored the progress in 3D bioprinting of vital organs and basic immune response against the biomaterials used in this approach. Thus, evaluating immune response against biomaterials used in 3D printed organs is necessary to mitigate tissue rejection after the transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Elalouf
- Bar-Ilan University, Department of Management, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
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Tavafoghi M, Darabi MA, Mahmoodi M, Tutar R, Xu C, Mirjafari A, Billi F, Swieszkowski W, Nasrollahi F, Ahadian S, Hosseini V, Khademhosseini A, Ashammakhi N. Multimaterial bioprinting and combination of processing techniques towards the fabrication of biomimetic tissues and organs. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34130266 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac0b9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue reconstruction requires the utilization of multiple biomaterials and cell types to replicate the delicate and complex structure of native tissues. Various three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting techniques have been developed to fabricate customized tissue structures; however, there are still significant challenges, such as vascularization, mechanical stability of printed constructs, and fabrication of gradient structures to be addressed for the creation of biomimetic and complex tissue constructs. One approach to address these challenges is to develop multimaterial 3D bioprinting techniques that can integrate various types of biomaterials and bioprinting capabilities towards the fabrication of more complex structures. Notable examples include multi-nozzle, coaxial, and microfluidics-assisted multimaterial 3D bioprinting techniques. More advanced multimaterial 3D printing techniques are emerging, and new areas in this niche technology are rapidly evolving. In this review, we briefly introduce the basics of individual 3D bioprinting techniques and then discuss the multimaterial 3D printing techniques that can be developed based on combination of these techniques for the engineering of complex and biomimetic tissue constructs. We also discuss the perspectives and future directions to develop state-of-the-art multimaterial 3D bioprinting techniques for engineering tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tavafoghi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Ali Darabi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Mahboobeh Mahmoodi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Rumeysa Tutar
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Avcılar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey
| | - Chun Xu
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Arshia Mirjafari
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Fabrizio Billi
- UCLA/OIC Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Biomaterials Group, Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Fatemeh Nasrollahi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, MI, United States of America
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Laser-based bioprinting for multilayer cell patterning in tissue engineering and cancer research. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:409-416. [PMID: 34223612 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is a process for patterning functional materials based on the digital 3D model. A bioink that contains cells, growth factors, and biomaterials are utilized for assisting cells to develop into tissues and organs. As a promising technique in regenerative medicine, many kinds of bioprinting platforms have been utilized, including extrusion-based bioprinting, inkjet bioprinting, and laser-based bioprinting. Laser-based bioprinting, a kind of bioprinting technology using the laser as the energy source, has advantages over other methods. Compared with inkjet bioprinting and extrusion-based bioprinting, laser-based bioprinting is nozzle-free, which makes it a valid tool that can adapt to the viscosity of the bioink; the cell viability is also improved because of elimination of nozzle, which could cause cell damage when the bioinks flow through a nozzle. Accurate tuning of the laser source and bioink may provide a higher resolution for reconstruction of tissue that may be transplanted used as an in vitro disease model. Here, we introduce the mechanism of this technology and the essential factors in the process of laser-based bioprinting. Then, the most potential applications are listed, including tissue engineering and cancer models. Finally, we present the challenges and opportunities faced by laser-based bioprinting.
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Muthusamy S, Kannan S, Lee M, Sanjairaj V, Lu WF, Fuh JYH, Sriram G, Cao T. 3D bioprinting and microscale organization of vascularized tissue constructs using collagen-based bioink. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3150-3163. [PMID: 34037982 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting three-dimensional (3D) tissue equivalents have progressed tremendously over the last decade. 3D bioprinting is currently being employed to develop larger and more physiologic tissues, and it is of particular interest to generate vasculature in biofabricated tissues to aid better perfusion and transport of nutrition. Having an advantage over manual culture systems by bringing together biological scaffold materials and cells in precise 3D spatial orientation, bioprinting could assist in placing endothelial cells in specific spatial locations within a 3D matrix to promote vessel formation at these predefined areas. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the use of bioprinting to generate tissue-level capillary-like networks in biofabricated tissue constructs. First, we developed a bioink using collagen type-1 supplemented with xanthan gum (XG) as a thickening agent. Using a commercial extrusion-based multi-head bioprinter and collagen-XG bioink, the component cells were spatially assembled, wherein the endothelial cells were bioprinted in a lattice pattern and sandwiched between bioprinted fibroblasts layers. 3D bioprinted constructs thus generated were stable, and maintained structural shape and form. Post-print culture of the bioprinted tissues resulted in endothelial sprouting and formation of interconnected capillary-like networks within the lattice pattern and between the fibroblast layers. Bioprinter-assisted spatial placement of endothelial cells resulted in fabrication of patterned prevascularized constructs that enable potential regenerative applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sathya Kannan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcus Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vijayavenkataraman Sanjairaj
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wen Feng Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Y H Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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44
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Huh J, Moon YW, Park J, Atala A, Yoo JJ, Lee SJ. Combinations of photoinitiator and UV absorber for cell-based digital light processing (DLP) bioprinting. Biofabrication 2021; 13:034103. [PMID: 33930877 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abfd7a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Digital light processing (DLP) bioprinting, which provides predominant speed, resolution, and adaptability for fabricating complex cell-laden three-dimensional (3D) structures, requires a combination of photoinitiator (PI) and UV absorber (UA) that plays critical roles during the photo-polymerization of bioinks. However, the PI and UA combination has not been highlighted for cell-based DLP bioprinting. In this study, the most used PIs and UAs in cell-based bioprinting were compared to optimize a combination that can ensure the maximum DLP printability, while maintaining the cellular activities during the process. The crosslinking time and printability of PIs were assessed, which are critical in minimizing the cell damage by the UV exposure during the fabrication process. On the other hand, the UAs were evaluated based on their ability to prevent the over-curing of layers beyond the focal layer and the scattering of light, which are required for the desirable crosslinking of a hydrogel and high resolution (25-50µms) to create a complex 3D cell-laden construct. Lastly, the cytotoxicity of PIs and UAs was assessed by measuring the cellular activity of 2D cultured and 3D bioprinted cells. The optimized PI and UA combination provided high initial cell viability (>90%) for up to 14 days in culture and could fabricate complex 3D structures like a perfusable heart-shaped construct with open vesicles and atriums. This combination can provide a potential starting condition when preparing the bioink for the cell-based DLP bioprinting in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunTae Huh
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Tech, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Young-Wook Moon
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Jihoon Park
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Tech, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Tech, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Tech, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
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45
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Sung K, Patel NR, Ashammakhi N, Nguyen KL. 3-Dimensional Bioprinting of Cardiovascular Tissues: Emerging Technology. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:467-482. [PMID: 34095635 PMCID: PMC8165127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Advances in 3D bioprinting have tremendous potential in therapeutic development for multiple cardiovascular applications. 3-dimensional bioprinting is moving toward in vivo studies to evaluate printed construct functionality and safety. Bioprinting techniques predominantly use extrusion-based, inkjet, and light-based printing. Bioinks are composed of cells and matrix material and consist of both scaffold-based and scaffold-free inks.
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting may overcome challenges in tissue engineering. Unlike conventional tissue engineering approaches, 3D bioprinting has a proven ability to support vascularization of larger scale constructs and has been used for several cardiovascular applications. An overview of 3D bioprinting techniques, in vivo translation, and challenges are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Sung
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nisha R Patel
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Physics and Biology in Medicine Graduate Program, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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46
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Moghaddam AS, Khonakdar HA, Arjmand M, Jafari SH, Bagher Z, Moghaddam ZS, Chimerad M, Sisakht MM, Shojaei S. Review of Bioprinting in Regenerative Medicine: Naturally Derived Bioinks and Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4049-4070. [PMID: 35006822 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine offers the potential to repair or substitute defective tissues by constructing active tissues to address the scarcity and demands for transplantation. The method of forming 3D constructs made up of biomaterials, cells, and biomolecules is called bioprinting. Bioprinting of stem cells provides the ability to reliably recreate tissues, organs, and microenvironments to be used in regenerative medicine. 3D bioprinting is a technique that uses several biomaterials and cells to tailor a structure with clinically relevant geometries and sizes. This technique's promise is demonstrated by 3D bioprinted tissues, including skin, bone, cartilage, and cardiovascular, corneal, hepatic, and adipose tissues. Several bioprinting methods have been combined with stem cells to effectively produce tissue models, including adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and differentiation techniques. In this review, technological challenges of printed stem cells using prevalent naturally derived bioinks (e.g., carbohydrate polymers and protein-based polymers, peptides, and decellularized extracellular matrix), recent advancements, leading companies, and clinical trials in the field of 3D bioprinting are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Salehi Moghaddam
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4593, Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, Dresden D-01069, Germany.,Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14965-115, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Seyed Hassan Jafari
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4593, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Centre and Department, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi Moghaddam
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Chimerad
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16844, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mollapour Sisakht
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19379-57511, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 DR, The Netherlands
| | - Shahrokh Shojaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PO Box 13185/768, Tehran 15689-37813, Iran.,Stem Cells Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, PO Box 13185-768, Tehran 15689-37813, Iran
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47
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Abstract
An implants' effectiveness depends upon the form of biomaterial used in its manufacture. A suitable material for implants should be biocompatible, sterile, mechanically stable and simple to shape. 3D printing technologies have been breaking new ground in the medical and medical industries in order to build patient-specific devices embedded in bioactive drugs, cells and proteins. Widespread use in medical 3D printing is a broad range of biomaterials including metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. Continuous work and developments in biomaterials used in 3D printing have contributed to significant growth of 3D printing applications in the production of personalised joints, prostheses, medication delivery system and 3D tissue engineering and regenerative medicine scaffolds. The present analysis focuses on the biomaterials used for therapeutic applications in different 3D printing technologies. Many specific forms of medical 3D printing technology are explored in depth, including fused deposition modelling, extrusion-based bioprinting, inkjet and poly-jet printing processes, their therapeutic uses, various types of biomaterial used today and the major shortcoming , are being studied in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Mishra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vivek Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, DIT University, Dehradun, India
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48
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Agarwal T, Fortunato GM, Hann SY, Ayan B, Vajanthri KY, Presutti D, Cui H, Chan AHP, Costantini M, Onesto V, Di Natale C, Huang NF, Makvandi P, Shabani M, Maiti TK, Zhang LG, De Maria C. Recent advances in bioprinting technologies for engineering cardiac tissue. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112057. [PMID: 33947551 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Annually increasing incidence of cardiac-related disorders and cardiac tissue's minimal regenerative capacity have motivated the researchers to explore effective therapeutic strategies. In the recent years, bioprinting technologies have witnessed a great wave of enthusiasm and have undergone steady advancements over a short period, opening the possibilities for recreating engineered functional cardiac tissue models for regenerative and diagnostic applications. With this perspective, the current review delineates recent developments in the sphere of engineered cardiac tissue fabrication, using traditional and advanced bioprinting strategies. The review also highlights different printing ink formulations, available cellular opportunities, and aspects of personalized medicines in the context of cardiac tissue engineering and bioprinting. On a concluding note, current challenges and prospects for further advancements are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Gabriele Maria Fortunato
- Research Center "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sung Yun Hann
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Bugra Ayan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kiran Yellappa Vajanthri
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Dario Presutti
- Institute of Physical Chemistry - Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Alex H P Chan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marco Costantini
- Institute of Physical Chemistry - Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Ngan F Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Center for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Majid Shabani
- Center for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Carmelo De Maria
- Research Center "E. Piaggio" and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
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49
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Quadri F, Soman SS, Vijayavenkataraman S. Progress in cardiovascular bioprinting. Artif Organs 2021; 45:652-664. [PMID: 33432583 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of death globally for the past 15 years. Following a major cardiac disease episode, the ideal treatment would be the replacement of the damaged tissue, due to the limited regenerative capacity of cardiac tissues. However, we suffer from a chronic organ donor shortage which causes approximately 20 people to die each day waiting to receive an organ. Bioprinting of tissues and organs can potentially alleviate this burden by fabricating low cost tissue and organ replacements for cardiac patients. Clinical adoption of bioprinting in cardiovascular medicine is currently limited by the lack of systematic demonstration of its effectiveness, high costs, and the complexity of the workflow. Here, we give a concise review of progress in cardiovascular bioprinting and its components. We further discuss the challenges and future prospects of cardiovascular bioprinting in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Quadri
- Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Soja Saghar Soman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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50
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Phua QH, Han HA, Soh BS. Translational stem cell therapy: vascularized skin grafts in skin repair and regeneration. J Transl Med 2021; 19:83. [PMID: 33602284 PMCID: PMC7891016 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is made up of a plethora of cells arranged in multiple layers with complex and intricate vascular networks, creating a dynamic microenvironment of cells-to-matrix interactions. With limited donor sites, engineered skin substitute has been in high demand for many therapeutic purposes. Over the years, remarkable progress has occurred in the skin tissue-engineering field to develop skin grafts highly similar to native tissue. However, the major hurdle to successful engraftment is the incorporation of functional vasculature to provide essential nutrients and oxygen supply to the embedded cells. Limitations of traditional tissue engineering have driven the rapid development of vascularized skin tissue production, leading to new technologies such as 3D bioprinting, nano-fabrication and micro-patterning using hydrogel based-scaffold. In particular, the key hope to bioprinting would be the generation of interconnected functional vessels, coupled with the addition of specific cell types to mimic the biological and architectural complexity of the native skin environment. Additionally, stem cells have been gaining interest due to their highly regenerative potential and participation in wound healing. This review briefly summarizes the current cell therapies used in skin regeneration with a focus on the importance of vascularization and recent progress in 3D fabrication approaches to generate vascularized network in the skin tissue graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hua Phua
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Hua Alexander Han
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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