1
|
Wang S, Jia Z, Dai M, Feng X, Tang C, Liu L, Cao L. Advances in natural and synthetic macromolecules with stem cells and extracellular vesicles for orthopedic disease treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131874. [PMID: 38692547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Serious orthopedic disorders resulting from myriad diseases and impairments continue to pose a considerable challenge to contemporary clinical care. Owing to its limited regenerative capacity, achieving complete bone tissue regeneration and complete functional restoration has proven challenging with existing treatments. By virtue of cellular regenerative and paracrine pathways, stem cells are extensively utilized in the restoration and regeneration of bone tissue; however, low survival and retention after transplantation severely limit their therapeutic effect. Meanwhile, biomolecule materials provide a delivery platform that improves stem cell survival, increases retention, and enhances therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we present the basic concepts of stem cells and extracellular vesicles from different sources, emphasizing the importance of using appropriate expansion methods and modification strategies. We then review different types of biomolecule materials, focusing on their design strategies. Moreover, we summarize several forms of biomaterial preparation and application strategies as well as current research on biomacromolecule materials loaded with stem cells and extracellular vesicles. Finally, we present the challenges currently impeding their clinical application for the treatment of orthopedic diseases. The article aims to provide researchers with new insights for subsequent investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supeng Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China; Jiujiang City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China; Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jia
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Xujun Feng
- Jiujiang City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Chengxuan Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Liangle Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China.
| | - Lingling Cao
- Jiujiang City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cressman A, Morales D, Zhang Z, Le B, Foley J, Murray-Stewart T, Genetos DC, Fierro FA. Effects of Spermine Synthase Deficiency in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Are Rescued by Upstream Inhibition of Ornithine Decarboxylase. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2463. [PMID: 38473716 PMCID: PMC10931026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the well-known relevance of polyamines to many forms of life, little is known about how polyamines regulate osteogenesis and skeletal homeostasis. Here, we report a series of in vitro studies conducted with human-bone-marrow-derived pluripotent stromal cells (MSCs). First, we show that during osteogenic differentiation, mRNA levels of most polyamine-associated enzymes are relatively constant, except for the catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), which is strongly increased at both mRNA and protein levels. As a result, the intracellular spermidine to spermine ratio is significantly reduced during the early stages of osteoblastogenesis. Supplementation of cells with exogenous spermidine or spermine decreases matrix mineralization in a dose-dependent manner. Employing N-cyclohexyl-1,3-propanediamine (CDAP) to chemically inhibit spermine synthase (SMS), the enzyme catalyzing conversion of spermidine into spermine, also suppresses mineralization. Intriguingly, this reduced mineralization is rescued with DFMO, an inhibitor of the upstream polyamine enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1). Similarly, high concentrations of CDAP cause cytoplasmic vacuolization and alter mitochondrial function, which are also reversible with the addition of DFMO. Altogether, these studies suggest that excess polyamines, especially spermidine, negatively affect hydroxyapatite synthesis of primary MSCs, whereas inhibition of polyamine synthesis with DFMO rescues most, but not all of these defects. These findings are relevant for patients with Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS), as the presenting skeletal defects-associated with SMS deficiency-could potentially be ameliorated by treatment with DFMO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Cressman
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.C.); (D.M.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - David Morales
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.C.); (D.M.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Zhenyang Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.C.); (D.M.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Bryan Le
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.C.); (D.M.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
| | - Jackson Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (J.F.); (T.M.-S.)
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (J.F.); (T.M.-S.)
| | - Damian C. Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Fernando A. Fierro
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; (A.C.); (D.M.); (Z.Z.); (B.L.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Wang X. The Physiological Inorganic Polymers Biosilica and Polyphosphate as Key Drivers for Biomedical Materials in Regenerative Nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1303-1337. [PMID: 38348175 PMCID: PMC10860874 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s446405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a need for novel nanomaterials with properties not yet exploited in regenerative nanomedicine. Based on lessons learned from the oldest metazoan phylum, sponges, it has been recognized that two previously ignored or insufficiently recognized principles play an essential role in tissue regeneration, including biomineral formation/repair and wound healing. Firstly, the dependence on enzymes as a driving force and secondly, the availability of metabolic energy. The discovery of enzymatic synthesis and regenerative activity of amorphous biosilica that builds the mineral skeleton of siliceous sponges formed the basis for the development of successful strategies for the treatment of osteochondral impairments in humans. In addition, the elucidation of the functional significance of a second regeneratively active inorganic material, namely inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) and its amorphous nanoparticles, present from sponges to humans, has pushed forward the development of innovative materials for both soft (skin, cartilage) and hard tissue (bone) repair. This energy-rich molecule exhibits a property not shown by any other biopolymer: the delivery of metabolic energy, even extracellularly, necessary for the ATP-dependent tissue regeneration. This review summarizes the latest developments in nanobiomaterials based on these two evolutionarily old, regeneratively active materials, amorphous silica and amorphous polyP, highlighting their specific, partly unique properties and mode of action, and discussing their possible applications in human therapy. The results of initial proof-of-concept studies on patients demonstrating complete healing of chronic wounds are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fiorentino F, Carta F, Rotili D, Mai A, Supuran CT. State of the art of carbonic anhydrase activators. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2025-2028. [PMID: 37814824 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fiorentino
- Department of Drug Chemistry & Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical Sciences, Polo Scientifico, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry & Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry & Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical Sciences, Polo Scientifico, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alkhayal Z, Shinwari Z, Gaafar A, Alaiya A. Fluconazole-Induced Protein Changes in Osteogenic and Immune Metabolic Pathways of Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Osteopetrosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13841. [PMID: 37762144 PMCID: PMC10531073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopetrosis is a rare inherited disease caused by osteoclast failure, resulting in increasing bone density in humans. Patients with osteopetrosis possess several dental and cranial complications. Since carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) deficiency is a major cause of osteopetrosis, CA-II activators might be an attractive potential treatment option for osteopetrosis patients. We conducted comprehensive label-free quantitative proteomics analysis on Fluconazole-treated Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells from CA-II-Deficient Osteopetrosis Patients. We identified 251 distinct differentially expressed proteins between healthy subjects, as well as untreated and azole-treated derived cells from osteopetrosis patients. Twenty-six (26) of these proteins were closely associated with osteogenesis and osteopetrosis disease. Among them are ATP1A2, CPOX, Ap2 alpha, RAP1B and some members of the RAB protein family. Others include AnnexinA1, 5, PYGL, OSTF1 and PGAM4, all interacting with OSTM1 in the catalytic reactions of HCO3 and the Cl- channel via CAII regulation. In addition, the pro-inflammatory/osteoclast regulatory proteins RACK1, MTSE, STING1, S100A13, ECE1 and TRIM10 are involved. We have identified proteins involved in osteogenic and immune metabolic pathways, including ERK 1/2, phosphatase and ATPase, which opens the door for some CA activators to be used as an alternative drug therapy for osteopetrosis patients. These findings propose that fluconazole might be a potential treatment agent for CAII- deficient OP patients. Altogether, our findings provide a basis for further work to elucidate the clinical utility of azole, a CA activator, as a therapeutic for OP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zikra Alkhayal
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
- Department of Dentistry, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakia Shinwari
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Ameera Gaafar
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Ayodele Alaiya
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Wu Q, Zhang R, Fan Z, Li W, Mao R, Du Z, Yao X, Ma Y, Yan Y, Sun W, Wu H, Wei W, Hu Y, Hong Y, Hu H, Koh YW, Duan W, Chen X, Ouyang H. Stage-specific and location-specific cartilage calcification in osteoarthritis development. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:393-402. [PMID: 36261249 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-222944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the stage-specific and location-specific deposition and characteristics of minerals in human osteoarthritis (OA) cartilages via multiple nano-analytical technologies. METHODS Normal and OA cartilages were serially sectioned for micro-CT, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution electron energy loss spectrometry with transmission electron microscopy, nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy to analyse the structural, compositional and mechanical properties of cartilage in OA progression. RESULTS We found that OA progressed by both top-down calcification at the joint surface and bottom-up calcification at the osteochondral interface. The top-down calcification process started with spherical mineral particle formation in the joint surface during early-stage OA (OA-E), followed by fibre formation and densely packed material transformation deep into the cartilage during advanced-stage OA (OA-A). The bottom-up calcification in OA-E started when an excessive layer of calcified tissue formed above the original calcified cartilage, exhibiting a calcified sandwich structure. Over time, the original and upper layers of calcified cartilage fused, which thickened the calcified cartilage region and disrupted the cartilage structure. During OA-E, the calcified cartilage was hypermineralised, containing stiffer carbonated hydroxyapatite (HAp). During OA-A, it was hypomineralised and contained softer HAp. This discrepancy may be attributed to matrix vesicle nucleation during OA-E and carbonate cores during OA-A. CONCLUSIONS This work refines our current understanding of the mechanism underlying OA progression and provides the foothold for potential therapeutic targeting strategies once the location-specific cartilage calcification features in OA are established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhao Wang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhang Fan
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyue Li
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renwei Mao
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zihao Du
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanzhu Ma
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiyang Yan
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wei
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yejun Hu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Hong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Hu
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wen Koh
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangping Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China .,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, CORMed, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang S, Neufurth M, Schepler H, Tan R, She Z, Al-Nawas B, Wang X, Schröder HC, Müller WEG. Acceleration of Wound Healing through Amorphous Calcium Carbonate, Stabilized with High-Energy Polyphosphate. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020494. [PMID: 36839816 PMCID: PMC9961744 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), precipitated in the presence of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), has shown promise as a material for bone regeneration due to its morphogenetic and metabolic energy (ATP)-delivering properties. The latter activity of the polyP-stabilized ACC ("ACC∙PP") particles is associated with the enzymatic degradation of polyP, resulting in the transformation of ACC into crystalline polymorphs. In a novel approach, stimulated by these results, it was examined whether "ACC∙PP" also promotes the healing of skin injuries, especially chronic wounds. In in vitro experiments, "ACC∙PP" significantly stimulated the migration of endothelial cells, both in tube formation and scratch assays (by 2- to 3-fold). Support came from ex vivo experiments showing increased cell outgrowth in human skin explants. The transformation of ACC into insoluble calcite was suppressed by protein/serum being present in wound fluid. The results were confirmed in vivo in studies on normal (C57BL/6) and diabetic (db/db) mice. Topical administration of "ACC∙PP" significantly accelerated the rate of re-epithelialization, particularly in delayed healing wounds in diabetic mice (day 7: 1.5-fold; and day 13: 1.9-fold), in parallel with increased formation/maturation of granulation tissue. The results suggest that administration of "ACC∙PP" opens a new strategy to improve ATP-dependent wound healing, particularly in chronic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hadrian Schepler
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinic Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Rongwei Tan
- Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Building B3, Unit 2B-C, China Merchants Guangming Science Park, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhending She
- Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Building B3, Unit 2B-C, China Merchants Guangming Science Park, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Augustusplatz 2, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.C.S.); (W.E.G.M.)
| | - Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.C.S.); (W.E.G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poggetti V, Salerno S, Baglini E, Barresi E, Da Settimo F, Taliani S. Carbonic Anhydrase Activators for Neurodegeneration: An Overview. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082544. [PMID: 35458743 PMCID: PMC9031706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of ubiquitous metal enzymes catalyzing the reversible conversion of CO2 and H2O to HCO3− with the release of a proton. They play an important role in pH regulation and in the balance of body fluids and are involved in several functions such as homeostasis regulation and cellular respiration. For these reasons, they have been studied as targets for the development of agents for treating several pathologies. CA inhibitors have been used in therapy for a long time, especially as diuretics and for the treatment of glaucoma, and are being investigated for application in other pathologies including obesity, cancer, and epilepsy. On the contrary, CAs activators are still poorly studied. They are proposed to act as additional (other than histidine) proton shuttles in the rate-limiting step of the CA catalytic cycle, which is the generation of the active hydroxylated enzyme. Recent studies highlight the involvement of CAs activation in brain processes essential for the transmission of neuronal signals, suggesting CAs activation might represent a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other conditions characterized by memory impairment and cognitive problems. Actually, some compounds able to activate CAs have been identified and proposed to potentially resolve problems related to neurodegeneration. This review reports on the primary literature regarding the potential of CA activators for treating neurodegeneration-related diseases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Schröder HC, Wang X, Neufurth M, Wang S, Müller WEG. Biomimetic Polyphosphate Materials: Toward Application in Regenerative Medicine. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 61:83-130. [PMID: 35697938 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-01237-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) has attracted increasing attention as a biomedical polymer or biomaterial with a great potential for application in regenerative medicine, in particular in the fields of tissue engineering and repair. The interest in polyP is based on two properties of this physiological polymer that make polyP stand out from other polymers: polyP has morphogenetic activity by inducing cell differentiation through specific gene expression, and it functions as an energy store and donor of metabolic energy, especially in the extracellular matrix or in the extracellular space. No other biopolymer applicable in tissue regeneration/repair is known that is endowed with this combination of properties. In addition, polyP can be fabricated both in the form of a biologically active coacervate and as biomimetic amorphous polyP nano/microparticles, which are stable and are activated by transformation into the coacervate phase after contact with protein/body fluids. PolyP can be used in the form of various metal salts and in combination with various hydrogel-forming polymers, whereby (even printable) hybrid materials with defined porosities and mechanical and biological properties can be produced, which can even be loaded with cells for 3D cell printing or with drugs and support the growth and differentiation of (stem) cells as well as cell migration/microvascularization. Potential applications in therapy of bone, cartilage and eye disorders/injuries and wound healing are summarized and possible mechanisms are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Amine- and Amino Acid-Based Compounds as Carbonic Anhydrase Activators. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237331. [PMID: 34885917 PMCID: PMC8659172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
After being rather neglected as a research field in the past, carbonic anhydrase activators (CAAs) were undoubtedly demonstrated to be useful in diverse pharmaceutical and industrial applications. They also improved the knowledge of the requirements to selectively interact with a CA isoform over the others and confirmed the catalytic mechanism of this class of compounds. Amino acid and amine derivatives were the most explored in in vitro, in vivo and crystallographic studies as CAAs. Most of them were able to activate human or non-human CA isoforms in the nanomolar range, being proposed as therapeutic and industrial tools. Some isoforms are better activated by amino acids than amines derivatives and the stereochemistry may exert a role. Finally, non-human CAs have been very recently tested for activation studies, paving the way to innovative industrial and environmental applications.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gay C, Letavernier E, Verpont MC, Walls M, Bazin D, Daudon M, Nassif N, Stéphan O, de Frutos M. Nanoscale Analysis of Randall's Plaques by Electron Energy Loss Spectromicroscopy: Insight in Early Biomineral Formation in Human Kidney. ACS NANO 2020; 14:1823-1836. [PMID: 31909991 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic kidney stones originate mainly from calcium phosphate deposits at the tip of renal papillae, known as Randall's plaques (RPs), also detected in most human kidneys without stones. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in RP formation. The localization and characterization of such nanosized objects in the kidney remain a real challenge, making their study arduous. This study provides a nanoscale analysis of the chemical composition and morphology of incipient RPs, characterizing in particular the interface between the mineral and the surrounding organic compounds. Relying on data gathered from a calculi collection, the morphology and chemical composition of incipient calcifications in renal tissue were determined using spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy. We detected microcalcifications and individual nanocalcifications found at some distance from the larger ones. Strikingly, concerning the smaller ones, we show that two types of nanocalcifications coexist: calcified organic vesicles and nanometric mineral granules mainly composed of calcium phosphate with carbonate in their core. Interestingly, some of these nanocalcifications present similarities with those reported in physiological bone or pathological cardiovascular biominerals, suggesting possible common formation mechanisms. However, the high diversity of these nanocalcifications suggests that several mechanisms may be involved (nucleation on a carbonate core or on organic compounds). In addition, incipient RPs also appear to present specific features at larger scales, revealing secondary calcified structures embedded in a fibrillar organic material. Our study proves that analogies exist between physiological and pathological biominerals and provides information to understand the physicochemical processes involved in pathological calcification formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Gay
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502 , Université de Paris-Saclay , F-91405 , Orsay , France
| | - Emmanuel Letavernier
- Sorbonne Université , UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1155, F-75020 , Paris , France
- INSERM , UMR S 1155, F-75020 , Paris , France
- Physiology Unit, APHP , Hôpital Tenon , F-75020 , Paris , France
| | - Marie-Christine Verpont
- Sorbonne Université , UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1155, F-75020 , Paris , France
- INSERM , UMR S 1155, F-75020 , Paris , France
| | - Michael Walls
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502 , Université de Paris-Saclay , F-91405 , Orsay , France
| | - Dominique Bazin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000-CNRS , Université de Paris-Saclay , F-91405 , Orsay , France
| | - Michel Daudon
- Sorbonne Université , UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1155, F-75020 , Paris , France
- INSERM , UMR S 1155, F-75020 , Paris , France
- Physiology Unit, APHP , Hôpital Tenon , F-75020 , Paris , France
| | - Nadine Nassif
- Sorbonne Université , CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4 Place Jussieu , F-75005 , Paris , France
| | - Odile Stéphan
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502 , Université de Paris-Saclay , F-91405 , Orsay , France
| | - Marta de Frutos
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502 , Université de Paris-Saclay , F-91405 , Orsay , France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lotlikar SR, Kayastha BB, Vullo D, Khanam SS, Braga RE, Murray AB, McKenna R, Supuran CT, Patrauchan MA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa β-carbonic anhydrase, psCA1, is required for calcium deposition and contributes to virulence. Cell Calcium 2019; 84:102080. [PMID: 31589941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcification of soft tissue leads to serious diseases and has been associated with bacterial chronic infections. However, the origin and the molecular mechanisms of calcification remain unclear. Here we hypothesized that a human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa deposits extracellular calcium, a process requiring carbonic anhydrases (CAs). Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation of 0.1-0.2 μm deposits by P. aeruginosa PAO1 growing at 5 mM CaCl2, and X-ray elemental analysis confirmed they contain calcium. Quantitative analysis of deposited calcium showed that PAO1 deposits 0.35 and 0.75 mM calcium/mg protein when grown at 5 mM and 10 mM CaCl2, correspondingly. Fluorescent microscopy indicated that deposition initiates at the cell surface. We have previously characterized three PAO1 β-class CAs: psCA1, psCA2, and psCA3 that hydrate CO2 to HCO3-, among which psCA1 showed the highest catalytic activity (Lotlikar et. al. 2013). According to immunoblot and RT-qPCR, growth at elevated calcium levels increases the expression of psCA1. Analyses of the deletion mutants lacking one, two or all three psCA genes, determined that psCA1 plays a major role in calcium deposition and contributes to the pathogen's virulence. In-silico modeling of the PAO1 β-class CAs identified four amino acids that differ in psCA1 compared to psCA2, and psCA3 (T59, A61A, A101, and A108), and these differences may play a role in catalytic rate and thus calcium deposition. A series of inhibitors were tested against the recombinant psCA1, among which aminobenzene sulfonamide (ABS) and acetazolamide (AAZ), which inhibited psCA1 catalytic activity with KIs of 19 nM and 37 nM, correspondingly. The addition of ABS and AAZ to growing PAO1 reduced calcium deposition by 41 and 78, respectively. Hence, for the first time, we showed that the β-CA psCA1 in P. aeruginosa contributes to virulence likely by enabling calcium salt deposition, which can be partially controlled by inhibiting its catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka R Lotlikar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Biraj B Kayastha
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sharmily S Khanam
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Reygan E Braga
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Akilah B Murray
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marianna A Patrauchan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Melo Pereira D, Habibovic P. Biomineralization-Inspired Material Design for Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800700. [PMID: 30240157 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic substitutes of bone grafts, such as calcium phosphate-based ceramics, have shown some good clinical successes in the regeneration of large bone defects and are currently extensively used. In the past decade, the field of biomineralization has delivered important new fundamental knowledge and techniques to better understand this fascinating phenomenon. This knowledge is also applied in the field of biomaterials, with the aim of bringing the composition and structure, and hence the performance, of synthetic bone graft substitutes even closer to those of the extracellular matrix of bone. The purpose of this progress report is to critically review advances in mimicking the extracellular matrix of bone as a strategy for development of new materials for bone regeneration. Lab-made biomimicking or bioinspired materials are discussed against the background of the natural extracellular matrix, starting from basic organic and inorganic components, and progressing into the building block of bone, the mineralized collagen fibril, and finally larger, 2D and 3D constructs. Moreover, bioactivity studies on state-of-the-art biomimicking materials are discussed. By addressing these different topics, an overview is given of how far the field has advanced toward a true bone-mimicking material, and some suggestions are offered for bridging current knowledge and technical gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Melo Pereira
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine; Maastricht University; P.O. Box 616 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibovic
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine; Maastricht University; P.O. Box 616 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wieczorek E, Chitruń A, Ożyhar A. Destabilised human transthyretin shapes the morphology of calcium carbonate crystals. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:313-324. [PMID: 30394286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human transthyretin (TTR) is a homotetramer that transports thyroid hormones and retinol in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid. TTR is also an intracellular protein found in tissues such as those in the brain, eye and pancreas. TTR is a nutrition marker, reflecting the health of the organism, and TTR levels are linked to the normal and diseased states of the body. The switch from a protective to a pathological role is attributed to the destabilisation of the TTR structure, which leads to tetramer dissociation and amyloid formation. Native and destabilised TTR have been associated with osteoarthritis and bone density in humans. Moreover, TTR is present in eggshell mammillary cones; therefore, we verified the putative TTR engagement in the process of mineral formation. Using an in vitro assay, we found that TTR affected calcium carbonate crystal growth and morphology, producing asymmetric crystals with a complex nanocrystalline composition. The crystals possessed rounded edges and corners and irregular etch pits, suggesting the selective inhibition of crystal growth and/or dissolution imposed by TTR. The occurrence of many porosities, fibrillary inclusions and amorphous precipitates suggested that destabilisation of the TTR structure is an important factor involved in the mineralisation process. Crystals grown in the presence of TTR exhibited the characteristic features of crystals controlled by biomineralisation-active proteins, suggesting novel functions of TTR in the mineral formation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Wieczorek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Chitruń
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ożyhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Mammalian carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) of which 16 isoforms are known, are involved in important physiological functions. Their inhibition is exploited pharmacologically for the treatment of many diseases (glaucoma, edema, epilepsy, obesity, hypoxic tumors, neuropathic pain, etc.) but the activators were less investigated till recently. A review on the CA activation is presented, with the activation mechanism, drug design approaches of activators and comparison of the various isoforms activation profiles being discussed. Some CAs, which are abundant in the brain, were recently demonstrated to be activatable by drug-like compounds, affording the possibility to design agents that enhance cognition, with potential therapeutic applications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases as well as tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang X, Schröder HC, Müller WEG. Amorphous polyphosphate, a smart bioinspired nano-/bio-material for bone and cartilage regeneration: towards a new paradigm in tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2385-2412. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00241j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Physiological amorphous polyphosphate nano/micro-particles, injectable and implantable, attract and stimulate MSCs into implants for tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Del Prete S, Vullo D, Zoccola D, Tambutté S, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Activation Profile Analysis of CruCA4, an α-Carbonic Anhydrase Involved in Skeleton Formation of the Mediterranean Red Coral, Corallium rubrum. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010066. [PMID: 29283417 PMCID: PMC6017236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CruCA4, a coral α-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) involved in the biomineralization process of the Mediterranean red coral, Corallium rubrum, was investigated for its activation with a panel of amino acids and amines. Most compounds showed considerable activating properties, with a rather well defined structure-activity relationship. The most effective CruCA4 activators were d-His, 4-H₂N-l-Phe, Histamine, Dopamine, Serotonin, 1-(2-Aminoethyl)-piperazine, and l-Adrenaline, with activation constants in the range of 8-98 nM. Other amines and amino acids, such as d-DOPA, l-Tyr, 2-Pyridyl-methylamine, 2-(2-Aminoethyl) pyridine and 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-morpholine, were submicromolar CruCA4 activators, with KA ranging between 0.15 and 0.93 µM. Since it has been shown that CA activators may facilitate the initial phases of in-bone mineralization, our study may be relevant for finding modulators of enzyme activity, which can enhance the formation of the red coral skeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Dipartimento Di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
| | - Didier Zoccola
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1°, 98000 Monaco, Monaco.
| | - Sylvie Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1°, 98000 Monaco, Monaco.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Wang X. The Understanding of the Metazoan Skeletal System, Based on the Initial Discoveries with Siliceous and Calcareous Sponges. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E172. [PMID: 28604622 PMCID: PMC5484122 DOI: 10.3390/md15060172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Initiated by studies on the mechanism of formation of the skeletons of the evolutionary oldest still extant multicellular animals, the sponges (phylum Porifera) have provided new insights into the mechanism of formation of the Ca-phosphate/hydroxyapatite skeleton of vertebrate bone. Studies on the formation of the biomineral skeleton of sponges revealed that both the formation of the inorganic siliceous skeletons (sponges of the class of Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) and of the calcareous skeletons (class of Calcarea) is mediated by enzymes (silicatein: polymerization of biosilica; and carbonic anhydrase: deposition of Ca-carbonate). Detailed studies of the initial mineralization steps in human bone-forming cells showed that this process is also controlled by enzymes, starting with the deposition of Ca-carbonate bio-seeds, mediated by carbonic anhydrases-II and -IX, followed by non-enzymatic transformation of the formed amorphous Ca-carbonate deposits into amorphous Ca-phosphate and finally hydroxyapatite crystals. The required phosphate is provided by enzymatic (alkaline phosphatase-mediated) degradation of an inorganic polymer, polyphosphate (polyP), which also acts as a donor for chemically useful energy in this process. These new discoveries allow the development of novel biomimetic strategies for treatment of bone diseases and defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Müller WE, Tolba E, Ackermann M, Neufurth M, Wang S, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Wang X. Fabrication of amorphous strontium polyphosphate microparticles that induce mineralization of bone cells in vitro and in vivo. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:89-101. [PMID: 28017868 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe the fabrication process of amorphous strontium-polyphosphate microparticles ("Sr-a-polyP-MP"). The effects of these particles on growth and gene expression were investigated with SaOS-2 cells as well as with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and compared with those particles prepared of amorphous calcium-polyphosphate ("Ca-a-polyP-MP") and of strontium salt. The results revealed a markedly higher stimulation of growth of MSC by "Sr-a-polyP-MP" compared to "Ca-a-polyP-MP" and a significant increase in mineralization of SaOS-2 cells, as well as an enhanced upregulation of the expression of the genes encoding for alkaline phosphatase and the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), likewise performed with SaOS-2 cells. On the other hand, "Sr-a-polyP-MP" only slightly changes the expression of the osteocyte-specific sclerostin, a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and an inhibitor of bone cell differentiation as well as of mineralization in SaOS-2 cells. In contrast, "Ca-a-polyP-MP" strongly increased the steady-state expression of the SOST (sclerostin) gene. In animal studies poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres, containing polyP particles, were implanted into critical-size calvarial defects in rats. The results show that the amorphous Sr-polyP-containing microspheres caused an increased healing/mineralization of the bone defect even after short implantation periods of 8-12weeks, if compared to the β-tri-calcium phosphate control as well as to Ca-polyP. It is proposed that "Sr-a-polyP-MP" might elicit suitable properties to be applied as a regeneratively active implant material for bone repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this manuscript, we fabricated amorphous strontium-polyphosphate microparticles ("Sr-a-polyP-MP") and studied their effects on bone mineral formation in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro, those particles substantially increased the expression of the genes encoding for alkaline phosphatase, the bone morphogenetic protein 2 and the mineralization. In vivo, the "Sr-a-polyP-MP" packed into PLGA microspheres and implanted into critical-size calvarial defects in rats resulted in a speeded up of the healing/mineralization of the bone defect. Those properties qualify Sr-a-polyP as a suitable biomaterial for bone regenerative implants.
Collapse
|
20
|
Biocalcite and Carbonic Acid Activators. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28238040 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51284-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Based on evolution of biomineralizing systems and energetic considerations, there is now compelling evidence that enzymes play a driving role in the formation of the inorganic skeletons from the simplest animals, the sponges, up to humans. Focusing on skeletons based on calcium minerals, the principle enzymes involved are the carbonic anhydrase (formation of the calcium carbonate-based skeletons of many invertebrates like the calcareous sponges, as well as deposition of the calcium carbonate bioseeds during human bone formation) and the alkaline phosphatase (providing the phosphate for bone calcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite formation). These two enzymes, both being involved in human bone formation, open novel not yet exploited targets for pharmacological intervention of human bone diseases like osteoporosis, using compounds that act as activators of these enzymes. This chapter focuses on carbonic anhydrases of biomedical interest and the search for potential activators of these enzymes, was well as the interplay between carbonic anhydrase-mediated calcium carbonate bioseed synthesis and metabolism of energy-rich inorganic polyphosphates. Beyond that, the combination of the two metabolic products, calcium carbonate and calcium-polyphosphate, if applied in an amorphous form, turned out to provide the basis for a new generation of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and repair that are, for the first time, morphogenetically active.
Collapse
|
21
|
Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Ackermann M, Tolba E, Wang S, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Wang X. Fabrication of a new physiological macroporous hybrid biomaterial/bioscaffold material based on polyphosphate and collagen by freeze-extraction. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3823-3835. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A macroporous hybrid biomaterial/bioscaffold material, eliciting morphogenetic activity, was fabricated with polyphosphate, chondroitin sulfate and collagen by the freeze-extraction technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Maximilian Ackermann
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55099 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Qingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Müller WEG, Wang X, Schröder HC. New Target Sites for Treatment of Osteoporosis. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 55:187-219. [PMID: 28238039 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51284-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, much progress has been achieved in the discovery of new drug target sites for treatment of osteoporotic disorders, one of the main challenging diseases with a large burden for the public health systems. Among these new agents promoting bone formation, shifting the impaired equilibrium between bone anabolism and bone catabolism in the direction of bone synthesis are inorganic polymers, in particular inorganic polyphosphates that show strong stimulatory effects on the expression of bone anabolic marker proteins and hydroxyapatite formation. The bone-forming activity of these polymers can even be enhanced by combination with certain small molecules like quercetin, or if given as functionally active particles with certain divalent cations like strontium ions even showing by itself biological activity. This chapter summarizes recent developments in the search and development of novel anti-osteoporotic agents, with a particular focus on therapeutic approaches based on the potential application of inorganic polymers and combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany. .,NanotecMARIN GmbH, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,NanotecMARIN GmbH, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,NanotecMARIN GmbH, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Salazar VS, Ohte S, Capelo LP, Gamer L, Rosen V. Specification of osteoblast cell fate by canonical Wnt signaling requires Bmp2. Development 2016; 143:4352-4367. [PMID: 27802170 DOI: 10.1242/dev.136879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced BMP or canonical Wnt (cWnt) signaling are therapeutic strategies employed to enhance bone formation and fracture repair, but the mechanisms each pathway utilizes to specify cell fate of bone-forming osteoblasts remain poorly understood. Among all BMPs expressed in bone, we find that singular deficiency of Bmp2 blocks the ability of cWnt signaling to specify osteoblasts from limb bud or bone marrow progenitors. When exposed to cWnts, Bmp2-deficient cells fail to progress through the Runx2/Osx1 checkpoint and thus do not upregulate multiple genes controlling mineral metabolism in osteoblasts. Cells lacking Bmp2 after induction of Osx1 differentiate normally in response to cWnts, suggesting that pre-Osx1+ osteoprogenitors are an essential source and a target of BMP2. Our analysis furthermore reveals Grainyhead-like 3 (Grhl3) as a transcription factor in the osteoblast gene regulatory network induced during bone development and bone repair, which acts upstream of Osx1 in a BMP2-dependent manner. The Runx2/Osx1 transition therefore receives crucial regulatory inputs from BMP2 that are not compensated for by cWnt signaling, and this is mediated at least in part by induction and activation of Grhl3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie S Salazar
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Satoshi Ohte
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Division of Pathophysiology, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1241, Japan
| | - Luciane P Capelo
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, CEP 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Laura Gamer
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vicki Rosen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nitiputri K, Ramasse QM, Autefage H, McGilvery CM, Boonrungsiman S, Evans ND, Stevens MM, Porter AE. Nanoanalytical Electron Microscopy Reveals a Sequential Mineralization Process Involving Carbonate-Containing Amorphous Precursors. ACS NANO 2016; 10:6826-35. [PMID: 27383526 PMCID: PMC5404715 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A direct observation and an in-depth characterization of the steps by which bone mineral nucleates and grows in the extracellular matrix during the earliest stages of maturation, using relevant biomineralization models as they grow into mature bone mineral, is an important research goal. To better understand the process of bone mineralization in the extracellular matrix, we used nanoanalytical electron microscopy techniques to examine an in vitro model of bone formation. This study demonstrates the presence of three dominant CaP structures in the mineralizing osteoblast cultures: <80 nm dense granules with a low calcium to phosphate ratio (Ca/P) and crystalline domains; calcium phosphate needles emanating from a focus: "needle-like globules" (100-300 nm in diameter) and mature mineral, both with statistically higher Ca/P compared to that of the dense granules. Many of the submicron granules and globules were interspersed around fibrillar structures containing nitrogen, which are most likely the signature of the organic phase. With high spatial resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) mapping, spatially resolved maps were acquired showing the distribution of carbonate within each mineral structure. The carbonate was located in the middle of the granules, which suggested the nucleation of the younger mineral starts with a carbonate-containing precursor and that this precursor may act as seed for growth into larger, submicron-sized, needle-like globules of hydroxyapatite with a different stoichiometry. Application of analytical electron microscopy has important implications in deciphering both how normal bone forms and in understanding pathological mineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kharissa Nitiputri
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
| | | | - Hélène Autefage
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
| | | | - Suwimon Boonrungsiman
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Nicholas D. Evans
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang X, Ackermann M, Wang S, Tolba E, Neufurth M, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Müller WEG. Amorphous polyphosphate/amorphous calcium carbonate implant material with enhanced bone healing efficacy in a critical-size defect in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:035005. [PMID: 27147677 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/3/035005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study the effect of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) microparticles and amorphous calcium polyphosphate (polyP) microparticles (termed aCa-polyP-MP) on bone mineral forming cells/tissue was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The ACC particles (termed ACC-P10-MP) were prepared in the presence of Na-polyP. Only the combinations of polyP and ACC microparticles enhanced the proliferation rate of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Gene expression studies revealed that ACC causes an upregulation of the expression of the cell membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX; formation of ACC), while the transcript level of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP; liberation of orthophosphate from polyP) changes only relatively little. In contrast, aCa-polyP-MP primarily induces ALP expression. If both components are applied together a strong stimulation of expression of both marker genes is observed. In order to investigate whether ACC also enhances bone regeneration induced by polyP in vivo, the particles were encapsulated into PLGA (poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)) microspheres (diameter ~800 μm) and implanted into rat critical-size calvarial defects. The studies revealed that animals that received aCa-polyP-MP microspheres showed an increased rate of regeneration compared to β-tri-calcium phosphate (β-TCP) controls. This effect is even accelerated if microspheres with both aCa-polyP-MP and ACC-P10-MP (1 : 1 weight ratio) are applied, resulting in an almost complete restoration of the defect area after 12 weeks. qRT-PCR analyses of tissue sections through the regeneration zone with microspheres containing both aCa-polyP-MP and ACC-P10-MP revealed a significantly higher upregulation of expression of the marker genes compared to each of the components alone. The Young's moduli for microspheres containing aCa-polyP-MP (1.74 MPa) and aCa-polyP-MP/ACC-P10-MP (2.38 MPa) were markedly higher compared to β-TCP-controls (0.63 mPa). Our results show that the combined application of ACC and Ca-polyP (both in the amorphous state) opens new strategies for the development of regenerative implants for the reconstruction of bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Müller WE, Tolba E, Schröder HC, Muñoz-Espí R, Diehl-Seifert B, Wang X. Amorphous polyphosphate-hydroxyapatite: A morphogenetically active substrate for bone-related SaOS-2 cells in vitro. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:358-367. [PMID: 26654764 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that inorganic calcium-polyphosphates (polyP) are involved in human bone hydroxyapatite (HA) formation. Here we investigated the morphology of the particles, containing calcium phosphate (CaP) with different concentrations of various Na-polyP concentrations, as well as their effects in cell culture. We used both SaOS-2 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells. The polymeric phosphate readily binds calcium ions under formation of insoluble precipitates. We found that addition of low concentrations of polyP (<10wt.%, referred to the CaP deposits) results in an increased size of the HA crystals. Surprisingly, at higher polyP concentrations (>10wt.%) the formation of crystalline HA is prevented and amorphous polyP/HA hybrid particles with a size of ≈50nm are formed, most likely consisting of polyP molecules linked via Ca(2+) bridges to the surface of the CaP deposits. Further studies revealed that the polyP-CaP particles cause a strong upregulation of the expression of the genes encoding for two marker proteins of bone formation, collagen type I and alkaline phosphatase. Based on their morphogenetic activity the amorphous polyP-CaP particles offer a promising material for the development of bone implants, formed from physiological inorganic precursors/polymers. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a naturally occurring mineral of vertebrate bone. Natural HA, a bio-ceramic material which is crystalline to different scale, has been used as a biomaterial to fabricate scaffolds for in situ bone regeneration and other tissue engineering purposes. In contrast to natural HA, synthetic apatite is much less effective. In general, while HA is bioactive, its interaction and biocompatibility with existing bone tissue is low. These properties have been attributed to a minimal degradability in the physiological environment. In the present study we introduce a new Ca-phosphate (CaP) fabrication technology, starting from calcium chloride and dibasic ammonium phosphate with the HA characteristic Ca/P molar ratio of 10:6 and report that after addition >10% (by weight) of polyphosphate (polyP) amorphous CaP/HA samples were obtained. Those samples elicits strong morphogenetic activity let us to conclude that polyP/HA-based material might be beneficial for application as bone substitute implant.
Collapse
|
27
|
Marino A, Barsotti J, de Vito G, Filippeschi C, Mazzolai B, Piazza V, Labardi M, Mattoli V, Ciofani G. Two-Photon Lithography of 3D Nanocomposite Piezoelectric Scaffolds for Cell Stimulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25574-9. [PMID: 26548588 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we report on the fabrication, the characterization, and the in vitro testing of structures suitable for cell culturing, prepared through two-photon polymerization of a nanocomposite resist. More in details, commercially available Ormocomp has been doped with piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles, and bioinspired 3D structures resembling trabeculae of sponge bone have been fabricated. After an extensive characterization, preliminary in vitro testing demonstrated that both the topographical and the piezoelectric cues of these scaffolds are able to enhance the differentiation process of human SaOS-2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Marino
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Jonathan Barsotti
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Giuseppe de Vito
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Filippeschi
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Barbara Mazzolai
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piazza
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Tolba E, Diehl-Seifert B, Wang X. Mineralization of bone-related SaOS-2 cells under physiological hypoxic conditions. FEBS J 2015; 283:74-87. [PMID: 26453899 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a physiological energy-rich polymer with multiple phosphoric anhydride bonds. In cells such as bone-forming osteoblasts, glycolysis is the main pathway generating metabolic energy in the form of ATP. In the present study, we show that, under hypoxic culture conditions, the growth/viability of osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells is not impaired. The addition of polyP to those cells, administered as amorphous calcium polyP nanoparticles (aCa-polyP-NP; approximate size 100 nm), significantly increased the proliferation of the cells. In the presence of polyP, the cells produce significant levels of lactate, the end product of anaerobic glycolysis. Under those conditions, an eight-fold increase in the steady-state level of the membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase IX is found, as well as a six-fold induction of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Consequently, biomineral formation onto the SaOS-2 cells decreases under low oxygen tension. If the polyP nanoparticles are added to the cells, the degree of mineralization is enhanced. These changes had been measured also in human mesenchymal stem cells. The assumption that the bicarbonate, generated by the carbonic anhydrase in the presence of polyP under low oxygen, is deposited as a constituent of the bioseeds formed during initial hydroxyapatite formation is corroborated by the identification of carbon besides of calcium, oxygen and phosphorus in the initial biomineral deposit onto the cells using the sensitive technology of high-resolution energy dispersive spectrometry mapping. Based on these data, we conclude that polyP is required for the supply of metabolic energy during bone mineral formation under physiological, hypoxic conditions, acting as a 'metabolic fuel' for the cells to grow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bärbel Diehl-Seifert
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Probing carbonate in bone forming minerals on the nanometre scale. Acta Biomater 2015; 20:129-139. [PMID: 25848725 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To devise new strategies to treat bone disease in an ageing society, a more detailed characterisation of the process by which bone mineralises is needed. In vitro studies have suggested that carbonated mineral might be a precursor for deposition of bone apatite. Increased carbonate content in bone may also have significant implications in altering the mechanical properties, for example in diseased bone. However, information about the chemistry and coordination environment of bone mineral, and their spatial distribution within healthy and diseased tissues, is lacking. Spatially resolved analytical transmission electron microscopy is the only method available to probe this information at the length scale of the collagen fibrils in bone. In this study, scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) was used to differentiate between calcium-containing biominerals (hydroxyapatite, carbonated hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate and calcite). A carbon K-edge peak at 290 eV is a direct marker of the presence of carbonate. We found that the oxygen K-edge structure changed most significantly between minerals allowing discrimination between calcium phosphates and calcium carbonates. The presence of carbonate in carbonated HA (CHA) was confirmed by the formation of peak at 533 eV in the oxygen K-edge. These observations were confirmed by simulations using density functional theory. Finally, we show that this method can be utilised to map carbonate from the crystallites in bone. We propose that our calibration library of EELS spectra could be extended to provide spatially resolved information about the coordination environment within bioceramic implants to stimulate the development of structural biomaterials.
Collapse
|
30
|
Adeva-Andany MM, Fernández-Fernández C, Sánchez-Bello R, Donapetry-García C, Martínez-Rodríguez J. The role of carbonic anhydrase in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in humans. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241:183-91. [PMID: 26005791 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases are a group of isoenzymes that catalyze the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate. They participate in a constellation of physiological processes in humans, including respiration, bone metabolism, and the formation of body fluids, including urine, bile, pancreatic juice, gastric secretion, saliva, aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, and sweat. In addition, carbonic anhydrase may provide carbon dioxide/bicarbonate to carboxylation reactions that incorporate carbon dioxide to substrates. Several isoforms of carbonic anhydrase have been identified in humans, but their precise physiological role and the consequences of their dysfunction are mostly unknown. Carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes are involved in calcification processes in a number of biological systems, including the formation of calcareous spicules from sponges, the formation of shell in some animals, and the precipitation of calcium salts induced by several microorganisms, particularly urease-producing bacteria. In human tissues, carbonic anhydrase is implicated in calcification processes either directly by facilitating calcium carbonate deposition which in turn serves to facilitate calcium phosphate mineralization, or indirectly via its action upon γ-glutamyl-carboxylase, a carboxylase that enables the biological activation of proteins involved in calcification, such as matrix Gla protein, bone Gla protein, and Gla-rich protein. Carbonic anhydrase is implicated in calcification of human tissues, including bone and soft-tissue calcification in rheumatological disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis and dermatomyositis. Carbonic anhydrase may be also involved in bile and kidney stone formation and carcinoma-associated microcalcifications. The aim of this review is to evaluate the possible association between carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes and vascular calcification in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María M Adeva-Andany
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, c/ Pardo Bazán s/n, 15406 Ferrol, Spain.
| | | | - Rocío Sánchez-Bello
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, c/ Pardo Bazán s/n, 15406 Ferrol, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Huang J, Wang K, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Diehl-Seifert B, Muñoz-Espí R, Wang X. Nonenzymatic Transformation of Amorphous CaCO3into Calcium Phosphate Mineral after Exposure to Sodium Phosphate in Vitro: Implications for in Vivo Hydroxyapatite Bone Formation. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1323-32. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
32
|
Müller WEG, Tolba E, Feng Q, Schröder HC, Markl JS, Kokkinopoulou M, Wang X. Amorphous Ca²⁺ polyphosphate nanoparticles regulate the ATP level in bone-like SaOS-2 cells. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2202-7. [PMID: 25908856 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.170605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP) is a physiologically occurring polyanion that is synthesized especially in bone-forming osteoblast cells and blood platelets. We used amorphous polyP nanoparticles, complexed with Ca(2+), that have a globular size of ∼100 nm. Because polyP comprises inorganic orthophosphate units that are linked together through high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, we questioned whether the observed morphogenetic effect, elicited by polyP, is correlated with the energy-generating machinery within the cells. We show that exposure of SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells to polyP results in a strong accumulation of mitochondria and a parallel translocation of the polyP-degrading enzyme alkaline phosphatase to the cell surface. If SaOS-2 cells are activated by the mineralization activation cocktail (comprising β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone) and additionally incubated with polyP, a tenfold intracellular increase of the ATP level occurs. Even more, in those cells, an intensified release of ATP into the extracellular space is also seen. We propose and conclude that polyP acts as metabolic fuel after the hydrolytic cleavage of the phosphoanhydride linkages, which contributes to hydroxyapatite formation on the plasma membranes of osteoblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany Biomaterials Department, Inorganic Chemical Industries Division, National Research Center, Doki 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Qingling Feng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia S Markl
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria Kokkinopoulou
- Department of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun XY, Ouyang JM, Zhu WY, Li YB, Gan QZ. Size-dependent toxicity and interactions of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals on Vero renal epithelial cells. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:1864-1878. [PMID: 32262259 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01626b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Urinary crystals in normal and kidney stone patients often have varying sizes; the interaction between renal epithelial cells and COD crystals generated in the tubular fluid could play an initiating role in the pathophysiology of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. This study aims to compare the cytotoxicity of micro/nano-calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals (50 nm, 100 nm, 600 nm, 3 μm, and 10 μm) toward African green monkey renal epithelial (Vero) cells to reveal the mechanism of kidney stone formation at the molecular and cellular levels. METHODS Vero cells were exposed to COD crystals of varying sizes at a concentration of 200 μg mL-1 for 6 h. The effects of COD crystals on Vero cell viability, apoptosis rate, and cellular biochemical parameters [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), hyaluronic acid (HA), osteopontin (OPN), and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm)] were determined using biochemical and morphological analyses. RESULTS Vero cell viability and apoptotic rate were closely associated with the size of COD crystals; lower cell viability and higher apoptosis rate were observed in cells exposed to smaller COD crystal size. The expression of SOD, ROS, HA and OPN also changed in a size-dependent manner after exposure to the five different sizes of COD crystals. The area ratio of the (100) face with a high density of Ca2+ ions to the total surface area was also found to influence the severity of cell injury. Cell injury induced by COD crystals was mainly caused by excessive expression of intracellular ROS and reduction of free-radical scavenger SOD. Moreover, binding of large crystals on the cell membrane surface takes more time to cause cell injury than internalized small-sized crystals. The cell death rate was found to be positively correlated with the amount of internalized COD crystals. CONCLUSIONS although the COD toxicity is often disregarded, the size-dependent cytotoxicity of COD crystals toward Vero cells is demonstrated in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xiao L, Lian B, Hao J, Liu C, Wang S. Effect of carbonic anhydrase on silicate weathering and carbonate formation at present day CO₂ concentrations compared to primordial values. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7733. [PMID: 25583135 PMCID: PMC4291579 DOI: 10.1038/srep07733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that carbonic anhydrase (CA) participates in silicate weathering and carbonate formation. Nevertheless, it is still not known if the magnitude of the effect produced by CA on surface rock evolution changes or not. In this work, CA gene expression from Bacillus mucilaginosus and the effects of recombination protein on wollastonite dissolution and carbonate formation under different conditions are explored. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to explore the correlation between CA gene expression and sufficiency or deficiency in calcium and CO2 concentration. The results show that the expression of CA genes is negatively correlated with both CO2 concentration and ease of obtaining soluble calcium. A pure form of the protein of interest (CA) is obtained by cloning, heterologous expression, and purification. The results from tests of the recombination protein on wollastonite dissolution and carbonate formation at different levels of CO2 concentration show that the magnitudes of the effects of CA and CO2 concentration are negatively correlated. These results suggest that the effects of microbial CA in relation to silicate weathering and carbonate formation may have increased importance at the modern atmospheric CO2 concentration compared to 3 billion years ago.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Lian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianchao Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Congqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Müller WEG, Tolba E, Schröder HC, Wang S, Glasser G, Diehl-Seifert B, Wang X. Biologizing titanium alloy implant material with morphogenetically active polyphosphate. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14240g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a further step towards a new generation of bone implant materials, we developed a procedure for biological functionalization of titanium alloy surfaces with inorganic calcium polyphosphate (Ca-polyP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Gunnar Glasser
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Miyamoto S, Miyamoto Y, Shibata Y, Yoshimura K, Izumida E, Suzuki H, Miyazaki T, Maki K, Kamijo R. In situ quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation tests on calcified nodules formed by osteoblasts: Implication of glucocorticoids responsible for osteoblast calcification. Acta Biomater 2015; 12:216-226. [PMID: 25448350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The functional requirements of regenerated calcified tissues are that they enable the tissues to bear a variety of imposed stress and consequent contact-induced strain without substantial fracture. Here we demonstrate the effects of glucocorticoid hormones such as dexamethasone and hydrocortisone on the nanomechanical properties of calcified nodules formed by mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in differentiation-inducing medium containing ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate. Neither cell proliferation nor calcium deposition, evaluated using alizarin red and von Kossa staining, was affected by dexamethasone. On the other hand, calcified nodules formed in the presence of dexamethasone were significantly harder and stiffer than those formed in their absence. In particular, a series of nanoindentation tests revealed that the calcified nodules formed in the presence of dexamethasone showed enhanced stiffness against dynamic strain as compared to a quasi-static load. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy revealed that dexamethasone and hydrocortisone increased the apatite/matrix ratio and lowered that of carbonate in the nodules. Our results suggest that glucocorticoids are required for in vitro formation by osteoblasts of more mature calcified nodules containing apatite/phosphate.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang X, Tolba E, Schröder HC, Neufurth M, Feng Q, Diehl-Seifert B, Müller WEG. Effect of bioglass on growth and biomineralization of SaOS-2 cells in hydrogel after 3D cell bioprinting. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112497. [PMID: 25383549 PMCID: PMC4226565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of bioglass (bioactive glass) on growth and mineralization of bone-related SaOS-2 cells, encapsulated into a printable and biodegradable alginate/gelatine hydrogel. The hydrogel was supplemented either with polyphosphate (polyP), administered as polyP • Ca2+-complex, or silica, or as biosilica that had been enzymatically prepared from ortho-silicate by silicatein. These hydrogels, together with SaOS-2 cells, were bioprinted to computer-designed scaffolds. The results revealed that bioglass (nano)particles, with a size of 55 nm and a molar ratio of SiO2 : CaO : P2O5 of 55 : 40 : 5, did not affect the growth of the encapsulated cells. If silica, biosilica, or polyP • Ca2+-complex is co-added to the cell-containing alginate/gelatin hydrogel the growth behavior of the cells is not changed. Addition of 5 mg/ml of bioglass particles to this hydrogel significantly enhanced the potency of the entrapped SaOS-2 cells to mineralize. If compared with the extent of the cells to form mineral deposits in the absence of bioglass, the cells exposed to bioglass together with 100 µmoles/L polyP • Ca2+-complex increased their mineralization activity from 2.1- to 3.9-fold, or with 50 µmoles/L silica from 1.8- to 2.9-fold, or with 50 µmoles/L biosilica from 2.7- to 4.8-fold or with the two components together (100 µmoles/L polyP • Ca2+-complex and 50 µmoles/L biosilica) from 4.1- to 6.8-fold. Element analysis by EDX spectrometry of the mineral nodules formed by SaOS-2 revealed an accumulation of O, P, Ca and C, indicating that the mineral deposits contain, besides Ca-phosphate also Ca-carbonate. The results show that bioglass added to alginate/gelatin hydrogel increases the proliferation and mineralization of bioprinted SaOS-2 cells. We conclude that the development of cell-containing scaffolds consisting of a bioprintable, solid and cell-compatible inner matrix surrounded by a printable hard and flexible outer matrix containing bioglass, provide a suitable strategy for the fabrication of morphogenetically active and biodegradable implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Biomaterials Department, Inorganic Chemical Industries Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Qingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Adeva-Andany MM, Fernández-Fernández C, Mouriño-Bayolo D, Castro-Quintela E, Domínguez-Montero A. Sodium bicarbonate therapy in patients with metabolic acidosis. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:627673. [PMID: 25405229 PMCID: PMC4227445 DOI: 10.1155/2014/627673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic acidosis occurs when a relative accumulation of plasma anions in excess of cations reduces plasma pH. Replacement of sodium bicarbonate to patients with sodium bicarbonate loss due to diarrhea or renal proximal tubular acidosis is useful, but there is no definite evidence that sodium bicarbonate administration to patients with acute metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, septic shock, intraoperative metabolic acidosis, or cardiac arrest, is beneficial regarding clinical outcomes or mortality rate. Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease usually show metabolic acidosis due to increased unmeasured anions and hyperchloremia. It has been suggested that metabolic acidosis might have a negative impact on progression of kidney dysfunction and that sodium bicarbonate administration might attenuate this effect, but further evaluation is required to validate such a renoprotective strategy. Sodium bicarbonate is the predominant buffer used in dialysis fluids and patients on maintenance dialysis are subjected to a load of sodium bicarbonate during the sessions, suffering a transient metabolic alkalosis of variable severity. Side effects associated with sodium bicarbonate therapy include hypercapnia, hypokalemia, ionized hypocalcemia, and QTc interval prolongation. The potential impact of regular sodium bicarbonate therapy on worsening vascular calcifications in patients with chronic kidney disease has been insufficiently investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María M. Adeva-Andany
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, Avenida Pardo Bazán, s/n, Ferrol, 15406 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Fernández-Fernández
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, Avenida Pardo Bazán, s/n, Ferrol, 15406 A Coruña, Spain
| | - David Mouriño-Bayolo
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, Avenida Pardo Bazán, s/n, Ferrol, 15406 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Elvira Castro-Quintela
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, Avenida Pardo Bazán, s/n, Ferrol, 15406 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alberto Domínguez-Montero
- Nephrology Division, Hospital General Juan Cardona, Avenida Pardo Bazán, s/n, Ferrol, 15406 A Coruña, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Marino A, Filippeschi C, Genchi GG, Mattoli V, Mazzolai B, Ciofani G. The Osteoprint: a bioinspired two-photon polymerized 3-D structure for the enhancement of bone-like cell differentiation. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:4304-13. [PMID: 24907661 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The need for a better understanding of cell behavior and for exploiting cell functions in various healthcare applications has driven biomedical research to develop increasingly complex fabrication strategies to reproduce the natural biological microenvironment in vitro. Different approaches have led to the development of refined examples of 2- and 3-D structures able to sustain cellular proliferation, differentiation and functionality very similar to those normally occurring in living organisms. One such approach is two-photon polymerization. In this paper, we present a trabecula-like structure (which we have named "Osteoprint") that resembles to the typical microenvironment of trabecular bone cells. Starting from microtomography images of the trabecular bone, we prepared several Osteoprints through two-photon polymerization and tested the behavior of SaOS-2 bone-like cells cultured on our structures. Interestingly, we found that Osteoprints deeply affect cellular behavior, determining an exit from the cell cycle and an enhancement of osteogenic differentiation. Indeed, we found an up-regulation of the genes involved in SaOS-2 cell maturation and an increase in hydroxyapatite production and accumulation upon SaOS-2 culture on the Osteoprints. The findings we obtained are extremely interesting, and open up new perspectives in "bioinspired" approaches for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
40
|
Enzyme-based biosilica and biocalcite: biomaterials for the future in regenerative medicine. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:441-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
41
|
Neufurth M, Wang X, Schröder HC, Feng Q, Diehl-Seifert B, Ziebart T, Steffen R, Wang S, Müller WEG. Engineering a morphogenetically active hydrogel for bioprinting of bioartificial tissue derived from human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:8810-8819. [PMID: 25047630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sodium alginate hydrogel, stabilized with gelatin, is a suitable, biologically inert matrix that can be used for encapsulating and 3D bioprinting of bone-related SaOS-2 cells. However, the cells, embedded in this matrix, remain in a non-proliferating state. Here we show that addition of an overlay onto the bioprinted alginate/gelatine/SaOS-2 cell scaffold, consisting of agarose and the calcium salt of polyphosphate [polyP·Ca(2+)-complex], resulted in a marked increase in cell proliferation. In the presence of 100 μm polyP·Ca(2+)-complex, the cells proliferate with a generation time of approximately 47-55 h. In addition, the hardness of the alginate/gelatin hydrogel substantially increases in the presence of the polymer. The reduced Young's modulus for the alginate/gelatin hydrogel is approximately 13-14 kPa, and this value drops to approximately 0.5 kPa after incubation of the cell containing scaffolds for 5 d. In the presence of 100 μm polyP·Ca(2+)-complex, the reduced Young's modulus increases to about 22 kPa. The hardness of the polyP·Ca(2+)-complex containing hydrogel remains essentially constant if cells are absent in the matrix, but it drops to 3.2 kPa after a 5 d incubation period in the presence of SaOS-2 cells, indicating that polyP·Ca(2+)-complex becomes metabolized, degraded, by the cells. The alginate/gelatine-agarose system with polyP·Ca(2+)-complex cause a significant increase in the mineralization of the cells. SEM analyses revealed that the morphology of the mineral nodules formed on the surface of the cells embedded in the alginate/gelatin hydrogel do not significantly differ from the nodules on cells growing in monolayer cultures. The newly developed technique, using cells encapsulated into an alginate/gelatin hydrogel and a secondary layer containing the morphogenetically active, growth promoting polymer polyP·Ca(2+)-complex opens new possibilities for the application of 3D bioprinting in bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at The Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at The Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at The Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Qingling Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | | | - Thomas Ziebart
- Department of Oral and Maxillifacial Surgery, University Medicine Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Renate Steffen
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at The Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at The Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at The Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang X, Schröder HC, Müller WEG. Biocalcite, a multifunctional inorganic polymer: Building block for calcareous sponge spicules and bioseed for the synthesis of calcium phosphate-based bone. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:610-621. [PMID: 24991497 PMCID: PMC4077312 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is the material that builds up the spicules of the calcareous sponges. Recent results revealed that the calcium carbonate/biocalcite-based spicular skeleton of these animals is formed through an enzymatic mechanism, such as the skeleton of the siliceous sponges, evolutionarily the oldest animals that consist of biosilica. The enzyme that mediates the calcium carbonate deposition has been identified as a carbonic anhydrase (CA) and has been cloned from the calcareous sponge species Sycon raphanus. Calcium carbonate deposits are also found in vertebrate bones besides the main constituent, calcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (HA). Evidence has been presented that during the initial phase of HA synthesis poorly crystalline carbonated apatite is deposited. Recent data summarized here indicate that during early bone formation calcium carbonate deposits enzymatically formed by CA, act as potential bioseeds for the precipitation of calcium phosphate mineral onto bone-forming osteoblasts. Two different calcium carbonate phases have been found during CA-driven enzymatic calcium carbonate deposition in in vitro assays: calcite crystals and round-shaped vaterite deposits. The CA provides a new target of potential anabolic agents for treatment of bone diseases; a first CA activator stimulating the CA-driven calcium carbonate deposition has been identified. In addition, the CA-driven calcium carbonate crystal formation can be frozen at the vaterite state in the presence of silintaphin-2, an aspartic acid/glutamic acid-rich sponge-specific protein. The discovery that calcium carbonate crystals act as bioseeds in human bone formation may allow the development of novel biomimetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Na-alginate hydrogels, enriched with biosilica, have recently been demonstrated as a suitable matrix to embed bone forming cells for rapid prototyping bioprinting/3D cell printing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Schröder HC, Schlossmacher U, Neufurth M, Feng Q, Diehl-Seifert B, Müller WEG. Modulation of the initial mineralization process of SaOS-2 cells by carbonic anhydrase activators and polyphosphate. Calcif Tissue Int 2014; 94:495-509. [PMID: 24374859 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-013-9833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ca-phosphate/hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals constitute the mineral matrix of vertebrate bones, while Ca-carbonate is the predominant mineral of many invertebrates, like mollusks. Recent results suggest that CaCO₃ is also synthesized during early bone formation. We demonstrate that carbonic anhydrase-driven CaCO₃ formation in vitro is activated by organic extracts from the demosponge Suberites domuncula as well as by quinolinic acid, one component isolated from these extracts. Further results revealed that the stimulatory effect of bicarbonate (HCO₃ (-)) ions on mineralization of osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells is strongly enhanced if the cells are exposed to inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a linear polymer of phosphate linked by energy-rich phosphodiester bonds. The effect of polyP, administered as polyP (Ca²⁺ salt), on HA formation was found to be amplified by addition of the carbonic anhydrase-activating sponge extract or quinolinic acid. Our results support the assumption that CaCO₃ deposits, acting as bio-seeds for Ca-carbonated phosphate formation, are formed as an intermediate during HA mineralization and that the carbonic anhydrase-mediated formation of those deposits is under a positive-negative feedback control by bone alkaline phosphatase-dependent polyP metabolism, offering new targets for therapy of bone diseases/defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128, Mainz, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang X, Schröder HC, Feng Q, Diehl-Seifert B, Grebenjuk VA, Müller WEG. Isoquercitrin and polyphosphate co-enhance mineralization of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells via separate activation of two RUNX2 cofactors AFT6 and Ets1. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 89:413-21. [PMID: 24726443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Isoquercitrin, a dietary phytoestrogen, is a potential stimulator of bone mineralization used for prophylaxis of osteoporotic disorders. Here we studied the combined effects of isoquercitrin, a cell membrane permeable 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, and polyphosphate [polyP], a naturally occurring inorganic polymer inducing bone formation, on mineralization of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Both compounds isoquercitrin and polyP induce at non-toxic concentrations the mineralization process of SaOS-2 cells. Co-incubation experiments revealed that isoquercitrin (at 0.1 and 0.3μM), if given simultaneously with polyP (as Ca(2+) salt; at 3, 10, 30 and 100μM) amplifies the mineralization-enhancing effect of the inorganic polymer. The biomineralization process induced by isoquercitrin and polyP is based on two different modes of action. After incubation of the cells with isoquercitrin or polyP the expression of the Runt-related transcription factor 2 [RUNX2] is significantly upregulated. In addition, isoquercitrin causes a strong increase of the steady-state-levels of the two co-activators of RUNX2, the activating transcription factor 6 [ATF6] and the Ets oncogene homolog 1 [Ets1]. The activating effect of isoquercitrin occurs via a signal transduction pathway involving ATF6, and by that, is independent from the induction cascade initiated by polyP. This conclusion is supported by the finding that isoquercitrin upregulates the expression of the gene encoding for osteocalcin, while polyP strongly increases the expression of the Ets1 gene and of the alkaline phosphatase. We show that the two compounds, polyP and isoquercitrin, have a co-enhancing effect on bone mineral formation and in turn might be of potential therapeutic value for prevention/treatment of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Qingling Feng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | | | - Vladislav A Grebenjuk
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Müller WEG, Link T, Schröder HC, Korzhev M, Neufurth M, Brandt D, Wang X. Dissection of the structure-forming activity from the structure-guiding activity of silicatein: a biomimetic molecular approach to print optical fibers. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:5368-5377. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00801d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatically inactive silicatein was used as the platform for the enzymatically active silicatein, which synthesized the silica waveguide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thorben Link
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Korzhev
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Brandt
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Müller WEG, Link T, Li Q, Schröder HC, Batel R, Blažina M, Grebenjuk VA, Wang X. A novel TiO2-assisted magnetic nanoparticle separator for treatment and inactivation of bacterial contaminants in aquatic systems. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic method and the magnetic nanoparticle separator, described here, allow a fast and efficient elimination of bacteria from aqueous solution and can be applied for remediation of aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thorben Link
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Karst Geology
- CAGS
- 541004-Guilin, China
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Renato Batel
- Center for Marine Research
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Maria Blažina
- Center for Marine Research
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Vladislav A. Grebenjuk
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Enzymatically Synthesized Inorganic Polymers as Morphogenetically Active Bone Scaffolds. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 313:27-77. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800177-6.00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
48
|
Inorganic polyphosphates: biologically active biopolymers for biomedical applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 54:261-94. [PMID: 24420717 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41004-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a widely occurring but only rarely investigated biopolymer which exists in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Only in the last few years, this polymer has been identified to cause morphogenetic activity on cells involved in human bone formation. The calcium complex of polyP was found to display a dual effect on bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Exposure of these cells to polyP (Ca(2+) complex) elicits the expression of cytokines that promote the mineralization process by osteoblasts and suppress the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells to the functionally active mature osteoclasts dissolving bone minerals. The effect of polyP on bone formation is associated with an increased release of the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), a key mediator that activates the anabolic processes leading to bone formation. In addition, polyP has been shown to act as a hemostatic regulator that displays various effects on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis and might play an important role in platelet-dependent proinflammatory and procoagulant disorders.
Collapse
|