1
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Mizrak D, Zhao Y, Feng H, Macaulay J, Tang Y, Sultan Z, Zhao G, Guo Y, Zhang J, Yang B, Eugene Chen Y. Single-Molecule Spatial Transcriptomics of Human Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms Uncovers Calcification-Related CARTPT-Expressing Smooth Muscle Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:2285-2297. [PMID: 37823268 PMCID: PMC10842613 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although single-cell RNA-sequencing is commonly applied to dissect the heterogeneity in human tissues, it involves the preparation of single-cell suspensions via cell dissociation, causing loss of spatial information. In this study, we employed high-resolution single-cell transcriptome imaging to reveal rare smooth muscle cell (SMC) types in human thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) tissue samples. METHODS Single-molecule spatial distribution of transcripts from 140 genes was analyzed in fresh-frozen human TAA samples with region and sex-matched controls. In vitro studies and tissue staining were performed to examine human CART prepropeptide (CARTPT) regulation and function. RESULTS We captured thousands of cells per sample including a spatially distinct CARTPT-expressing SMC subtype enriched in male TAA samples. Immunoassays confirmed human CART (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) protein enrichment in male TAA tissue and truncated CARTPT secretion into cell culture medium. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein, a cardiovascular risk factor, induced CARTPT expression, whereas CARTPT overexpression in human aortic SMCs increased the expression of key osteochondrogenic transcription factors and reduced contractile gene expression. Recombinant human CART treatment of human SMCs further confirmed this phenotype. Alizarin red staining revealed calcium deposition in male TAA samples showing similar localization with human CART staining. CONCLUSIONS Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of single-molecule imaging in uncovering rare SMC subtypes in the diseased human aorta, a difficult tissue to dissociate. We identified a spatially distinct CARTPT-expressing SMC subtype enriched in male human TAA samples. Our functional studies suggest that human CART promotes osteochondrogenic switch of aortic SMCs, potentially leading to medial calcification of the thoracic aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogukan Mizrak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jane Macaulay
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zain Sultan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guizhen Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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2
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Tscheuschner L, Tzafriri AR. Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Models for Atherosclerosis Treatment Development. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1373. [PMID: 38135964 PMCID: PMC10740643 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early years of tissue engineering, scientists focused on the generation of healthy-like tissues and organs to replace diseased tissue areas with the aim of filling the gap between organ demands and actual organ donations. Over time, the realization has set in that there is an additional large unmet need for suitable disease models to study their progression and to test and refine different treatment approaches. Increasingly, researchers have turned to tissue engineering to address this need for controllable translational disease models. We review existing and potential uses of tissue-engineered disease models in cardiovascular research and suggest guidelines for generating adequate disease models, aimed both at studying disease progression mechanisms and supporting the development of dedicated drug-delivery therapies. This involves the discussion of different requirements for disease models to test drugs, nanoparticles, and drug-eluting devices. In addition to realistic cellular composition, the different mechanical and structural properties that are needed to simulate pathological reality are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Tscheuschner
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Abraham R. Tzafriri
- Department of Research and Innovation, CBSET Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;
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3
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West-Livingston L, Lim JW, Lee SJ. Translational tissue-engineered vascular grafts: From bench to bedside. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122322. [PMID: 37713761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a primary cause of mortality worldwide, and patients often require bypass surgery that utilizes autologous vessels as conduits. However, the limited availability of suitable vessels and the risk of failure and complications have driven the need for alternative solutions. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) offer a promising solution to these challenges. TEVGs are artificial vascular grafts made of biomaterials and/or vascular cells that can mimic the structure and function of natural blood vessels. The ideal TEVG should possess biocompatibility, biomechanical mechanical properties, and durability for long-term success in vivo. Achieving these characteristics requires a multi-disciplinary approach involving material science, engineering, biology, and clinical translation. Recent advancements in scaffold fabrication have led to the development of TEVGs with improved functional and biomechanical properties. Innovative techniques such as electrospinning, 3D bioprinting, and multi-part microfluidic channel systems have allowed the creation of intricate and customized tubular scaffolds. Nevertheless, multiple obstacles must be overcome to apply these innovations effectively in clinical practice, including the need for standardized preclinical models and cost-effective and scalable manufacturing methods. This review highlights the fundamental approaches required to successfully fabricate functional vascular grafts and the necessary translational methodologies to advance their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren West-Livingston
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27712, USA
| | - Jae Woong Lim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 420-767, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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4
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Zhao S, Zhang Q, Liu M, Du J, Wang T, Li Y, Zeng W. Application of stem cells in engineered vascular graft and vascularized organs. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 144:31-40. [PMID: 36411157 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies report that stem cell therapies have been applied successfully to patients, This has increased anticipations that this regeneration strategy could be a potential method to treat a wide range of intractable diseases some day. Stem cells offer new prospects for the treatment of incurable diseases and for tissue regeneration and repairation because of their unique biological properties. Angiogenesis a key process in tissue regeneration and repairation. Vascularization of organs is one of the main challenges hindering the clinical application of engineered tissues. Efficient production of engineered vascular grafts and vascularized organs is of critical importance for regenerative medicine. In this review, we focus on the types of stem cells that are widely used in tissue engineering and regeneration, as well as their application of these stem cells in the construction of tissue-engineered vascular grafts and vascularization of tissue-engineered organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pain and Rehabilitation, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiahui Du
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, People's Republic China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing, China.
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5
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Jafarkhani S, Khakbiz M, Amoabediny G, Mohammadi J, Tahmasebipour M, Rabbani H, Salimi A, Lee KB. A novel co-culture assay to evaluate the effects of sympathetic innervation on vascular smooth muscle differentiation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 133:106233. [PMID: 36731293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a functional phenotype to an inverse synthetic phenotype is a symptom of cardiovascular disorders, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is an essential regulator of the differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In addition, numerous studies suggest that SNS also stimulates VSMCs to retain their contractile phenotype. However, the molecular mechanisms for this stimulation have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, we used a novel in vitro co-culture method to evaluate the effective cellular interactions and stimulatory effects of sympathetic neurons on the differentiation of VSMCs. We co-cultured rat neural-like pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) and rat aortic VSMCs with this method. Expression of VSMCs contractile genes, including smooth muscle actin (acta2), myosin heavy chain (myh11), elastin (eln), and smoothelin (smtn), were determined by quantitative real-time-PCR analysis as an indicator of VSMCs differentiation. Fold changes for specific contractile genes in VSMCs grown in vitro for seven days in the presence (innervated) and absence (non-innervated) of sympathetic neurons were 3.5 for acta2, 6.5 for myh11, 4.19 for eln, and 4 for smtn (normalized to Tata Binding Protein (TBP)). As a result, these data suggest that sympathetic innervation promotes VSMCs' contractile gene expression and also maintains VSMCs' functional phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Jafarkhani
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khakbiz
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Ghasem Amoabediny
- Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tahmasebipour
- Department of Interdisciplinary Technology, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hodjattallah Rabbani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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6
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Sivaraman S, Ravishankar P, Rao RR. Differentiation and Engineering of Human Stem Cells for Smooth Muscle Generation. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:1-9. [PMID: 35491587 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for 31% of global deaths and are considered the main cause of death and disability worldwide. Stem cells from various sources have become attractive options for a range of cell-based therapies for smooth muscle tissue regeneration. However, for efficient myogenic differentiation, the stem cell characteristics, cell culture conditions, and their respective microenvironments need to be carefully assessed. This review covers the various approaches involved in the regeneration of vascular smooth muscles by conditioning human stem cells. This article delves into the different sources of stem cells used in the generation of myogenic tissues, the role of soluble growth factors, use of scaffolding techniques, biomolecular cues, relevance of mechanical stimulation, and key transcription factors involved, aimed at inducing myogenic differentiation. Impact statement The review article's main goal is to discuss the recent advances in the field of smooth muscle tissue regeneration. We look at various cell sources, growth factors, scaffolds, mechanical stimuli, and factors involved in smooth muscle formation. These stem cell-based approaches for vascular muscle formation will provide various options for cell-based therapies with long-term beneficial effects on patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Sivaraman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Prashanth Ravishankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Raj R Rao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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7
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Sellahewa SG, Li JY, Xiao Q. Updated Perspectives on Direct Vascular Cellular Reprogramming and Their Potential Applications in Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts. J Funct Biomater 2022; 14:21. [PMID: 36662068 PMCID: PMC9866165 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a globally prevalent disease with far-reaching medical and socio-economic consequences. Although improvements in treatment pathways and revascularisation therapies have slowed disease progression, contemporary management fails to modulate the underlying atherosclerotic process and sustainably replace damaged arterial tissue. Direct cellular reprogramming is a rapidly evolving and innovative tissue regenerative approach that holds promise to restore functional vasculature and restore blood perfusion. The approach utilises cell plasticity to directly convert somatic cells to another cell fate without a pluripotent stage. In this narrative literature review, we comprehensively analyse and compare direct reprogramming protocols to generate endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular progenitors. Specifically, we carefully examine the reprogramming factors, their molecular mechanisms, conversion efficacies and therapeutic benefits for each induced vascular cell. Attention is given to the application of these novel approaches with tissue engineered vascular grafts as a therapeutic and disease-modelling platform for cardiovascular diseases. We conclude with a discussion on the ethics of direct reprogramming, its current challenges, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saneth Gavishka Sellahewa
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jojo Yijiao Li
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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8
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Liu Q, Liu Z, Gu H, Ge Y, Wu X, Zuo F, Du Q, Lei Y, Wang Z, Lin H. Comparative study of differentiating human pluripotent stem cells into vascular smooth muscle cells in hydrogel-based culture methods. Regen Ther 2022; 22:39-49. [PMID: 36618488 PMCID: PMC9798140 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which provides structural integrity and regulates the diameter of vasculature, are of great potential for modeling vascular-associated diseases and tissue engineering. Here, we presented a detailed comparison of differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into VSMCs (hPSCs-VSMCs) in four different culture methods, including 2-dimensional (2D) culture, 3-dimensional (3D) PNIPAAm-PEG hydrogel culture, 3-dimensional (3D) alginate hydrogel culture, and transferring 3-dimensional alginate hydrogel culture to 2-dimensional (2D) culture. Both hydrogel-based culture methods could mimic in vivo microenvironment to protect cells from shear force, and avoid cells agglomeration, resulting in the extremely high culture efficiency (e.g., high viability, high purity and high yield) compared with 2D culture. We demonstrated hPSC-VSMCs produced from hydrogel-based culture methods had better contractile phenotypes and the potential of vasculature formation. The transcriptome analysis showed the hPSC-VSMCs derived from hydrogel-based culture methods displayed more upregulated genes in vasculature development, angiogenesis and blood vessel development, extracellular matrix compared with 2D culture. Taken together, hPSC-VSMCs produced from hydrogel-based culture system could be applied in various biomedical fields, and further indicated the suitable development of alginate hydrogel for industrial production by taking all aspects into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Shunyi District Hospital, Beijing, 101300, China
| | - Hongyu Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Ward 3, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, 161005, China
| | - Yuxia Ge
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, 150056, China
| | - Xuesheng Wu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fuxing Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yuguo Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huck Life Science Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Haishuang Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, 150056, China,Corresponding author.
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9
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Hann SY, Cui H, Chen G, Boehm M, Esworthy T, Zhang LG. 3D printed biomimetic flexible blood vessels with iPS cell-laden hierarchical multilayers. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ADVANCES 2022; 4:100065. [PMID: 36582411 PMCID: PMC9794201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bea.2022.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful recovery from vascular diseases has typically relied on the surgical repair of damaged blood vessels (BVs), with the majority of current approaches involving the implantation of autologous BVs, which is plagued by donor site tissue damage. Researchers have attempted to develop artificial vessels as an alternative solution to traditional approaches to BV repair. However, the manufacturing of small-diameter (< 6 mm) BVs is still considered one of the biggest challenges due to its difficulty in the precise fabrication and the replication of biomimetic architectures. In this study, we successfully developed 3D printed flexible small-diameter BVs that consist of smooth muscle cells and a vascularized endothelium. In the developed artificial BV, a rubber-like elastomer was printed as the outermost layer of the vessel, which demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties, while and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (iSMCs) and endothelial cells (iECs) embedded fibrinogen solutions were coaxially extruded with thrombin solution to form cell-laden fibrin gel inner layers. Our results showed that the 3D BVs possessed proper mechanical properties, and the cells in the fibrin layers substantially proliferated over time to form a stable BV construct. Our study demonstrated that the 3D printed flexible small-diameter BV using iPSCs could be a promising platform for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yun Hann
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Guibin Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Manfred Boehm
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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10
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Rogozinski N, Yanez A, Bhoi R, Lee MY, Yang H. Current methods for fabricating 3D cardiac engineered constructs. iScience 2022; 25:104330. [PMID: 35602954 PMCID: PMC9118671 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
3D cardiac engineered constructs have yielded not only the next generation of cardiac regenerative medicine but also have allowed for more accurate modeling of both healthy and diseased cardiac tissues. This is critical as current cardiac treatments are rudimentary and often default to eventual heart transplants. This review serves to highlight the various cell types found in cardiac tissues and how they correspond with current advanced fabrication methods for creating cardiac engineered constructs capable of shedding light on various pathologies and providing the therapeutic potential for damaged myocardium. In addition, insight is given toward the future direction of the field with an emphasis on the creation of specialized and personalized constructs that model the region-specific microtopography and function of native cardiac tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Rogozinski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N. Elm Street K240B, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
| | - Apuleyo Yanez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N. Elm Street K240B, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
| | - Rahulkumar Bhoi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N. Elm Street K240B, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
| | - Moo-Yeal Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N. Elm Street K240B, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, 3940 N. Elm Street K240B, Denton, TX 76207-7102, USA
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11
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Maleki S, Shamloo A, Kalantarnia F. Tubular TPU/SF nanofibers covered with chitosan-based hydrogels as small-diameter vascular grafts with enhanced mechanical properties. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6179. [PMID: 35418612 PMCID: PMC9008019 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Native grafts such as internal mammary artery and saphenous vein are the main choice for coronary artery bypass graft. However, due to the limitations associated with their availability and rapid failure caused by hyperplasia, small diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) with sufficient post-implantation patency are urgently demanded as artificial alternatives. In our previous work, we innovatively fabricated a bilayer vascular graft providing appropriate structural and biological properties using electrospinning and freeze-drying methods. It was proved that the mechanical properties of the proposed graft enhanced in comparison with using either of methods individually. Here, we adopted the same methods and incorporated an anticoagulant internal layer (inner diameter 4 mm), comprised of co-electrospun fibers of silk fibroin (SF) and heparinized thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and an external highly porous hydrogel fabricated by freeze-drying method. The electrospun layer exhibited strong mechanical properties including superior elastic modulus (4.92 ± 0.11 MPa), suture retention force (6.73 ± 0.83 N), elongation at break (196 ± 4%), and comparable burst pressure (1140 ± 12 mmHg) while the external hydrogel provided SMCs viability. The heparin was released in a sustain manner over 40 days, and the cytocompatibility and blood compatibility of scaffold were approved using MTT assay and platelet adhesion test. Thus, the proposed graft has a potential to be used as an artificial blood vessel scaffold for later in-vivo transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Maleki
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. .,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farnoosh Kalantarnia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Gokce C, Gurcan C, Delogu LG, Yilmazer A. 2D Materials for Cardiac Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:802551. [PMID: 35224044 PMCID: PMC8873146 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.802551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a massive impact on human health. Due to the limited regeneration capacity of adult heart tissue, CVDs are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Even though there are surgical and pharmacological treatments for CVDs, regenerative strategies are the most promising approaches and have the potential to benefit millions of people. As in any other tissue engineering approach, the repair and regeneration of damaged cardiac tissues generally involve scaffolds made up of biodegradable and biocompatible materials, cellular components such as stem cells, and growth factors. This review provides an overview of biomaterial-based tissue engineering approaches for CVDs with a specific focus on the potential of 2D materials. It is essential to consider both physicochemical and immunomodulatory properties for evaluating the applicability of 2D materials in cardiac tissue repair and regeneration. As new members of the 2D materials will be explored, they will quickly become part of cardiac tissue engineering technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Gokce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Acelya Yilmazer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Acelya Yilmazer
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Akbarzadeh A, Tafti SHA, Sabetkish S, Hassannejad Z, Kajbafzadeh AM. Coronary-Based Right Heart Flap Recellularization by Rat Neonatal Whole Cardiac Cells: a Viable Sheep Cardiac Patch Model for Possible Management of Heart Aneurysm. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Vascular Cells: Recent Progress and Future Directions. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8110148. [PMID: 34821701 PMCID: PMC8622843 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8110148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) hold great promise for cardiovascular regeneration following ischemic injury. Considerable effort has been made toward the development and optimization of methods to differentiate hiPSCs into vascular cells, such as endothelial and smooth muscle cells (ECs and SMCs). In particular, hiPSC-derived ECs have shown robust potential for promoting neovascularization in animal models of cardiovascular diseases, potentially achieving significant and sustained therapeutic benefits. However, the use of hiPSC-derived SMCs that possess high therapeutic relevance is a relatively new area of investigation, still in the earlier investigational stages. In this review, we first discuss different methodologies to derive vascular cells from hiPSCs with a particular emphasis on the role of key developmental signals. Furthermore, we propose a standardized framework for assessing and defining the EC and SMC identity that might be suitable for inducing tissue repair and regeneration. We then highlight the regenerative effects of hiPSC-derived vascular cells on animal models of myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. Finally, we address several obstacles that need to be overcome to fully implement the use of hiPSC-derived vascular cells for clinical application.
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15
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The biological applications of DNA nanomaterials: current challenges and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:351. [PMID: 34620843 PMCID: PMC8497566 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA, a genetic material, has been employed in different scientific directions for various biological applications as driven by DNA nanotechnology in the past decades, including tissue regeneration, disease prevention, inflammation inhibition, bioimaging, biosensing, diagnosis, antitumor drug delivery, and therapeutics. With the rapid progress in DNA nanotechnology, multitudinous DNA nanomaterials have been designed with different shape and size based on the classic Watson-Crick base-pairing for molecular self-assembly. Some DNA materials could functionally change cell biological behaviors, such as cell migration, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, autophagy, and anti-inflammatory effects. Some single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) or RNAs with secondary structures via self-pairing, named aptamer, possess the ability of targeting, which are selected by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and applied for tumor targeted diagnosis and treatment. Some DNA nanomaterials with three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures and stable structures are investigated as drug carrier systems to delivery multiple antitumor medicine or gene therapeutic agents. While the functional DNA nanostructures have promoted the development of the DNA nanotechnology with innovative designs and preparation strategies, and also proved with great potential in the biological and medical use, there is still a long way to go for the eventual application of DNA materials in real life. Here in this review, we conducted a comprehensive survey of the structural development history of various DNA nanomaterials, introduced the principles of different DNA nanomaterials, summarized their biological applications in different fields, and discussed the current challenges and further directions that could help to achieve their applications in the future.
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Ping J, Zhou C, Dong Y, Wu X, Huang X, Sun B, Zeng B, Xu F, Liang W. Modulating immune microenvironment during bone repair using biomaterials: Focusing on the role of macrophages. Mol Immunol 2021; 138:110-120. [PMID: 34392109 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a self-regenerative tissue that can repair small defects and fractures. In large defects, bone tissue is unable to provide nutrients and oxygen for repair, and autologous grafting is used as the gold standard. As an alternative method, the bone tissue regeneration approach uses osteoconductive biomaterials to overcome bone graft disadvantages. However, biomaterials are considered as foreign components that can stimulate host immune responses. Although traditional principles have been aimed to minimize immune reactions, the design of biomaterials has steadily shifted toward creating an immunomodulatory microenvironment to harness immune cells and responses to repair damaged tissue. Among immune cells, macrophages secrete various immunomodulatory mediators and crosstalk with bone-forming cells and play key roles in bone tissue engineering. Macrophage polarization toward M1 and M2 subtypes mediate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, respectively, which are crucial for bone repairing at different stages. This review provides an overview of the crosstalk between various immune cells and biomaterials, macrophage polarization, and the effect of physicochemical properties of biomaterials on the immune responses, especially macrophages, in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Ping
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinchang People's Hospital, Shaoxing 312500, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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17
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Fayon A, Menu P, El Omar R. Cellularized small-caliber tissue-engineered vascular grafts: looking for the ultimate gold standard. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:46. [PMID: 34385472 PMCID: PMC8361171 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of efficacy of synthetic vascular substitutes in the replacement of small-caliber arteries, vascular tissue engineering (VTE) has emerged as a promising solution to produce viable small-caliber tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVG). Previous studies have shown the importance of a cellular intimal layer at the luminal surface of TEVG to prevent thrombotic events. However, the cellularization of a TEVG seems to be a critical approach to consider in the development of a TEVG. To date, no standard cellularization method or cell type has been established to create the ideal TEVG by promoting its long-term patency and function. In this review, advances in VTE are described and discussed with a particular focus on the construction approaches of cellularized small-caliber TEVGs, the cell types used, as well as their preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Fayon
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Patrick Menu
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy, F-54000, France.
| | - Reine El Omar
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Nancy, F-54000, France
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18
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Mukherjee S, Yadav G, Kumar R. Recent trends in stem cell-based therapies and applications of artificial intelligence in regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:521-541. [PMID: 34249226 PMCID: PMC8246250 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i6.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can self-renew and differentiate into diverse types of mature and functional cells while maintaining their original identity. This profound potential of stem cells has been thoroughly investigated for its significance in regenerative medicine and has laid the foundation for cell-based therapies. Regenerative medicine is rapidly progressing in healthcare with the prospect of repair and restoration of specific organs or tissue injuries or chronic disease conditions where the body’s regenerative process is not sufficient to heal. In this review, the recent advances in stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine are discussed, emphasizing mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies as these cells have been extensively studied for clinical use. Recent applications of artificial intelligence algorithms in stem cell-based therapies, their limitation, and future prospects are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayali Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
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19
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Biomimetic tubular scaffold with heparin conjugation for rapid degradation in in situ regeneration of a small diameter neoartery. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120874. [PMID: 34051629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To address the clinical need for readily available small diameter vascular grafts, biomimetic tubular scaffolds were developed for rapid in situ blood vessel regeneration. The tubular scaffolds were designed to have an inner layer that is porous, interconnected, and with a nanofibrous architecture, which provided an excellent microenvironment for host cell invasion and proliferation. Through the synthesis of poly(spirolactic-co-lactic acid) (PSLA), a highly functional polymer with a norbornene substituting a methyl group in poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), we were able to covalently attach biomolecules onto the polymer backbone via thiol-ene click chemistry to impart desirable functionalities to the tubular scaffolds. Specifically, heparin was conjugated on the scaffolds in order to prevent thrombosis when implanted in situ. By controlling the amount of covalently attached heparin we were able to modulate the physical properties of the tubular scaffold, resulting in tunable wettability and degradation rate while retaining the porous and nanofibrous morphology. The scaffolds were successfully tested as rat abdominal aortic replacements. Patency and viability were confirmed through dynamic ultrasound and histological analysis of the regenerated tissue. The harvested tissue showed excellent vascular cellular infiltration, proliferation, and migration with laminar cellular arrangement. Furthermore, we achieved both complete reendothelialization of the vessel lumen and native-like media extracellular matrix. No signs of aneurysm or hyperplasia were observed after 3 months of vessel replacement. Taken together, we have developed an effective vascular graft able to generate small diameter blood vessels that can function in a rat model.
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20
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Gao Y, Pu J. Differentiation and Application of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived Cardiovascular Cells for Treatment of Heart Diseases: Promises and Challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658088. [PMID: 34055788 PMCID: PMC8149736 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are derived from human embryos (human embryonic stem cells) or reprogrammed from human somatic cells (human induced pluripotent stem cells). They can differentiate into cardiovascular cells, which have great potential as exogenous cell resources for restoring cardiac structure and function in patients with heart disease or heart failure. A variety of protocols have been developed to generate and expand cardiovascular cells derived from hPSCs in vitro. Precisely and spatiotemporally activating or inhibiting various pathways in hPSCs is required to obtain cardiovascular lineages with high differentiation efficiency. In this concise review, we summarize the protocols of differentiating hPSCs into cardiovascular cells, highlight their therapeutic application for treatment of cardiac diseases in large animal models, and discuss the challenges and limitations in the use of cardiac cells generated from hPSCs for a better clinical application of hPSC-based cardiac cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Luo J, Lin Y, Shi X, Li G, Kural MH, Anderson CW, Ellis MW, Riaz M, Tellides G, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Xenogeneic-free generation of vascular smooth muscle cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:155-168. [PMID: 33130306 PMCID: PMC8168373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Development of mechanically advanced tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) offers an innovative approach to replace or bypass diseased blood vessels. To move current hiPSC-TEVGs toward clinical application, it is essential to obtain hiPSC-VSMC-derived tissues under xenogeneic-free conditions, meaning without the use of any animal-derived reagents. Many approaches in VSMC differentiation of hiPSCs have been reported, although a xenogeneic-free method for generating hiPSC-VSMCs suitable for vascular tissue engineering has yet to be established. Based on our previously established standard method of xenogeneic VSMC differentiation, we have replaced all animal-derived reagents with functional counterparts of human origin and successfully derived functional xenogeneic-free hiPSC-VSMCs (XF-hiPSC-VSMCs). Next, our group developed tissue rings via cellular self-assembly from XF-hiPSC-VSMCs, which exhibited comparable mechanical strength to those developed from xenogeneic hiPSC-VSMCs. Moreover, by seeding XF-hiPSC-VSMCs onto biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds, we generated engineered vascular tissues presenting effective collagen deposition which were suitable for implantation into an immunodeficient mice model. In conclusion, our xenogeneic-free conditions for generating hiPSC-VSMCs produce cells with the comparable capacity for vascular tissue engineering as standard xenogeneic protocols, thereby moving the hiPSC-TEVG technology one step closer to safe and efficacious clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yuyao Lin
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiangyu Shi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA.
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22
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Zhu T, Gu H, Zhang H, Wang H, Xia H, Mo X, Wu J. Covalent grafting of PEG and heparin improves biological performance of electrospun vascular grafts for carotid artery replacement. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:211-224. [PMID: 33181359 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rapid endothelialization of small-diameter vascular grafts remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. In addition, compliance mismatch causes intimal hyperplasia and finally leads to graft failure. To achieve compliance match and rapid endothelialization, we synthesized low-initial-modulus poly(ester-urethane)urea (PEUU) elastomer and prepared it into electrospun tubular grafts and then functionalized the grafts with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and heparin via covalent grafting. The PEG- and heparin-functionalized PEUU (PEUU@PEG-Hep) graft had comparable mechanical properties with the native blood vessel. In vitro data demonstrated that the grafts are of good cytocompatibility and blood compatibility. Covalent grafting of PEG and heparin significantly promoted the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial cell-related genes, as well as increased the capability of grafts in preventing platelet deposition. In vivo assessments indicated good biocompatibility of the PEUU@PEG-Hep graft as it did not induce severe immune responses. Replacement of resected carotid artery with the PEUU@PEG-Hep graft in a rabbit model showed that the graft was capable of rapid endothelialization, initiated vascular remodeling, and maintained patency. This study demonstrates the PEUU@PEG-Hep vascular graft with compliance match and efficacious antithrombosis might find opportunities for bioactive blood vessel substitutes.
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23
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Nanoscience and nanotechnology in fabrication of scaffolds for tissue regeneration. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-020-00318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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24
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Shi X, He L, Zhang SM, Luo J. Human iPS Cell-derived Tissue Engineered Vascular Graft: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:862-877. [PMID: 33230612 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) generated from human primary cells represent a promising vascular interventional therapy. However, generation and application of these TEVGs may be significantly hindered by the limited accessibility, finite expandability, donor-donor functional variation and immune-incompatibility of primary seed cells from donors. Alternatively, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer an infinite source to obtain functional vascular cells in large quantity and comparable quality for TEVG construction. To date, TEVGs (hiPSC-TEVGs) with significant mechanical strength and implantability have been generated using hiPSC-derived seed cells. Despite being in its incipient stage, this emerging field of hiPSC-TEVG research has achieved significant progress and presented promising future potential. Meanwhile, a series of challenges pertaining hiPSC differentiation, vascular tissue engineering technologies and future production and application await to be addressed. Herein, we have composed this review to introduce progress in TEVG generation using hiPSCs, summarize the current major challenges, and encapsulate the future directions of research on hiPSC-based TEVGs. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Room 752, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Lile He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 06520, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Room 752, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Yale Stem Cell Center, 06520, New Haven, CT, USA.
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25
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Deinsberger J, Reisinger D, Weber B. Global trends in clinical trials involving pluripotent stem cells: a systematic multi-database analysis. NPJ Regen Med 2020; 5:15. [PMID: 32983575 PMCID: PMC7486930 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-020-00100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) hold great potential for novel therapeutic approaches to regenerate or replace functionally impaired tissues. Since the introduction of the induced pluripotent stem cell technology in 2006, the number of scientific publications on this topic has constantly been increasing. However, so far no therapy based on PSCs has found its way into routine clinical use. In this study, we examined research trends related to clinical trials involving PSCs based on data obtained from ClinicalTrials.gov, the ICTRP database from the World Health Organization, as well as from a search of all individual databases that are included in the ICTRP using a multistep search algorithm. Following a stringent inclusion/exclusion procedure 131 studies remained that could be classified as clinical trials involving PSCs. The magnitude of these studies (77.1%) was observational, which implies that no cells were transplanted into patients, and only a minority of studies (22.9%) were of an interventional study type. The number of clinical trials involving induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs, 74.8%) was substantially higher than the one involving embryonic stem cells (ESCs, 25.2%). However, the picture changes completely when focusing on interventional studies, where in the majority (73.3%) of cases ESCs were used. Interestingly, also the study duration was significantly shorter for interventional versus observational trials (p = 0.002). When focusing on the geographical study regions, it became obvious that the greatest part of all observational trials was performed in the USA (41.6%) and in France (16.8%), while the magnitude of interventional studies was performed in Asian countries (China 36.7%, Japan 13.3%, South Korea 10.0%) and in the field of ophthalmology. In summary, these results indicate that only a limited number of trials were focusing on the actual transplantation of PSCs into patients in a rather narrow field of diagnoses. The future will tell us, if the iPSC technology will ultimately overcome the current challenges and will finally make its way into routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Deinsberger
- Disease Modeling and Organoid Technology (DMOT) Research Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Reisinger
- Disease Modeling and Organoid Technology (DMOT) Research Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Weber
- Disease Modeling and Organoid Technology (DMOT) Research Group, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Paxton NC, Lanaro M, Bo A, Crooks N, Ross MT, Green N, Tetsworth K, Allenby MC, Gu Y, Wong CS, Powell SK, Woodruff MA. Design tools for patient specific and highly controlled melt electrowritten scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 105:103695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Hung HS, Hsu SH. Surface Modification by Nanobiomaterials for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1634-1646. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180914104633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of cardiovascular disease has achieved great success using artificial implants,
particularly synthetic-polymer made grafts. However, thrombus formation and
restenosis are the current clinical problems need to be conquered. New biomaterials, modifying
the surface of synthetic vascular grafts, have been created to improve long-term patency
for the better hemocompatibility. The vascular biomaterials can be fabricated from synthetic
or natural polymers for vascular tissue engineering. Stem cells can be seeded by different
techniques into tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vitro and implanted in vivo to repair the
vascular tissues. To overcome the thrombogenesis and promote the endothelialization
effect, vascular biomaterials employing nanotopography are more bio-mimic to the native tissue
made and have been engineered by various approaches such as prepared as a simple surface
coating on the vascular biomaterials. It has now become an important and interesting
field to find novel approaches to better endothelization of vascular biomaterials. In this article,
we focus to review the techniques with better potential improving endothelization and summarize
for vascular biomaterial application. This review article will enable the development
of biomaterials with a high degree of originality, innovative research on novel techniques for
surface fabrication for vascular biomaterials application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, China
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, China
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Ding Y, Johnson R, Sharma S, Ding X, Bryant SJ, Tan W. Tethering transforming growth factor β1 to soft hydrogels guides vascular smooth muscle commitment from human mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:68-77. [PMID: 31982589 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for vascular smooth muscle regeneration. However, most studies have mainly relied on extended supplementation of sophisticated biochemical regimen to drive MSC differentiation towards vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs). Herein we demonstrate a concomitant method that exploits the advantages of biomimetic matrix stiffness and tethered transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to guide vSMC commitment from human MSCs. Our designed poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels, presenting a biomimetic stiffness and tethered TGF-β1, provide an instructive environment to potently upregulate smooth muscle marker expression in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, it significantly enhances the functional contractility of vSMCs derived from MSCs within 3 days. Interestingly, compared to non-tethered one, tethered TGF-β1 enhanced the potency of vSMC commitment on hydrogels. We provide compelling evidence that combining stiffness and tethered TGF-β1 on poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels can be a promising approach to drastically enhance maturation and function of vSMCs from stem cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A fast, reliable and safe regeneration of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) from stem cell differentiation is promising for vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, but remains challenging. Herein, a photo-click hydrogel platform is devised to recapitulate the stiffness of vascular tissue and appropriate presentation of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to guide vSMC commitment from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We demonstrate that such concomitant method drastically enhanced regeneration of mature, functional vSMCs from MSCs in vitro and in vivo within only a 3-days span. This work is not only of fundamental scientific importance, revealing how physiochemical factors and the manner of their presentation direct stem cell differentiation, but also attacks the long-standing difficulty in regenerating highly functional vSMCs within a short period.
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Li X, Xu R, Tu X, Janairo RRR, Kwong G, Wang D, Zhu Y, Li S. Differentiation of Neural Crest Stem Cells in Response to Matrix Stiffness and TGF-β1 in Vascular Regeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:249-256. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Tu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - George Kwong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yiqian Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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30
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Luo J, Qin L, Zhao L, Gui L, Ellis MW, Huang Y, Kural MH, Clark JA, Ono S, Wang J, Yuan Y, Zhang SM, Cong X, Li G, Riaz M, Lopez C, Hotta A, Campbell S, Tellides G, Dardik A, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts with Advanced Mechanical Strength from Human iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:251-261.e8. [PMID: 31956039 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can be derived in large numbers from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for producing tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs). However, hiPSC-derived TEVGs are hampered by low mechanical strength and significant radial dilation after implantation. Here, we report generation of hiPSC-derived TEVGs with mechanical strength comparable to native vessels used in arterial bypass grafts by utilizing biodegradable scaffolds, incremental pulsatile stretching, and optimal culture conditions. Following implantation into a rat aortic model, hiPSC-derived TEVGs show excellent patency without luminal dilation and effectively maintain mechanical and contractile function. This study provides a foundation for future production of non-immunogenic, cellularized hiPSC-derived TEVGs composed of allogenic vascular cells, potentially serving needs to a considerable number of patients whose dysfunctional vascular cells preclude TEVG generation via other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Liqiong Gui
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - J Alexander Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Shun Ono
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yifan Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Cong
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangChun 130021, China
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Colleen Lopez
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Stuart Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Cong X, Zhang SM, Batty L, Luo J. Application of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Generating Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels as Vascular Grafts. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1581-1594. [PMID: 31663439 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In pace with the advancement of tissue engineering during recent decades, tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) have been generated using primary seed cells, and their impressive success in clinical trials have demonstrated the great potential of these TEBVs as implantable vascular grafts in human regenerative medicine. However, the production, therapeutic efficacy, and readiness in emergencies of current TEBVs could be hindered by the accessibility, expandability, and donor-donor variation of patient-specific primary seed cells. Alternatively, using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to derive seed vascular cells for vascular tissue engineering could fundamentally address this current dilemma in TEBV production. As an emerging research field with a promising future, the generation of hiPSC-based TEBVs has been reported recently with significant progress. Simultaneously, to further promote hiPSC-based TEBVs into vascular grafts for clinical use, several challenges related to the safety, readiness, and structural integrity of vascular tissue need to be addressed. Herein, this review will focus on the evolution and role of hiPSCs in vascular tissue engineering technology and summarize the current progress, challenges, and future directions of research on hiPSC-based TEBVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Cong
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Luke Batty
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Yale Stem Cell Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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Generali M, Casanova EA, Kehl D, Wanner D, Hoerstrup SP, Cinelli P, Weber B. Autologous endothelialized small-caliber vascular grafts engineered from blood-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:333-343. [PMID: 31344511 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An ideal cell source for human therapeutic and disease modeling applications should be easily accessible and possess unlimited differentiation and expansion potential. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) represent a promising source given their ease of harvest and their pluripotent nature. Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of using PBMC-derived hiPSCs for vascular tissue engineering. However, so far, no endothelialization of hiPSC-derived tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) based on fully biodegradable polymers without xenogenic matrix components has been shown. In this study, we have generated hiPSCs from PBMCs and differentiated them into αSMA- and calponin-positive smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as well as endothelial cells (ECs) positive for CD31, vWF and eNOS. Both cell types were co-seeded on PGA-P4HB starter matrices and cultured under static or dynamic conditions to induce tissue formation in vitro. The resulting small diameter vascular grafts showed abundant amounts of extracellular matrix, containing a thin luminal layer of vWF-positive cells and a subendothelial αSMA-positive layer approximating the architecture of native vessels. Our results demonstrate the successful generation of TEVGs based on SMCs and ECs differentiated from PBMC-derived hiPSC combined with a biodegradable polymer. These results pave the way for developing autologous PBMC-derived hiPSC-based vascular constructs for therapeutic applications or disease modeling. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We report for the first time the possibility to employ human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived iPSCs to generate biodegradable polymer-based tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVG), which mimic the native layered architecture of blood vessels. hiPSCs from PBMCs were differentiated into smooth muscle cells as well as endothelial cells. These cells were co-seeded on a biodegradable PGA/P4HB scaffold and cultured in a bioreactor to induce tissue formation in vitro. The resulting small diameter TEVG showed abundant amounts of extracellular matrix, containing a αSMA-positive layer in the interstitium and a thin luminal layer of vWF-positive endothelial cells approximating the architecture of native vessels. Our findings improving the generation of autologous vascular replacements using blood as an easily accessible cell source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Generali
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), Center for Therapy Development and Good Manufacturing Practice, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Elisa A Casanova
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Debora Kehl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), Center for Therapy Development and Good Manufacturing Practice, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Debora Wanner
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), Center for Therapy Development and Good Manufacturing Practice, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), Center for Therapy Development and Good Manufacturing Practice, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Wyss Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Paolo Cinelli
- Division of Trauma Surgery, Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Benedikt Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), Center for Therapy Development and Good Manufacturing Practice, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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von Bornstädt D, Wang H, Paulsen MJ, Goldstone AB, Eskandari A, Thakore A, Stapleton L, Steele AN, Truong VN, Jaatinen K, Hironaka C, Woo YJ. Rapid Self-Assembly of Bioengineered Cardiovascular Bypass Grafts From Scaffold-Stabilized, Tubular Bilevel Cell Sheets. Circulation 2019; 138:2130-2144. [PMID: 30474423 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.035231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular bypass grafting is an essential treatment for complex cases of atherosclerotic disease. Because the availability of autologous arterial and venous conduits is patient-limited, self-assembled cell-only grafts have been developed to serve as functional conduits with off-the-shelf availability. The unacceptably long production time required to generate these conduits, however, currently limits their clinical utility. Here, we introduce a novel technique to significantly accelerate the production process of self-assembled engineered vascular conduits. METHODS Human aortic smooth muscle cells and skin fibroblasts were used to construct bilevel cell sheets. Cell sheets were wrapped around a 22.5-gauge Angiocath needle to form tubular vessel constructs. A thin, flexible membrane of clinically approved biodegradable tissue glue (Dermabond Advanced) served as a temporary, external scaffold, allowing immediate perfusion and endothelialization of the vessel construct in a bioreactor. Subsequently, the matured vascular conduits were used as femoral artery interposition grafts in rats (n=20). Burst pressure, vasoreactivity, flow dynamics, perfusion, graft patency, and histological structure were assessed. RESULTS Compared with engineered vascular conduits formed without external stabilization, glue membrane-stabilized conduits reached maturity in the bioreactor in one-fifth the time. After only 2 weeks of perfusion, the matured conduits exhibited flow dynamics similar to that of control arteries, as well as physiological responses to vasoconstricting and vasodilating drugs. The matured conduits had burst pressures exceeding 500 mm Hg and had sufficient mechanical stability for surgical anastomoses. The patency rate of implanted conduits at 8 weeks was 100%, with flow rate and hind-limb perfusion similar to those of sham controls. Grafts explanted after 8 weeks showed a histological structure resembling that of typical arteries, including intima, media, adventitia, and internal and external elastic membrane layers. CONCLUSIONS Our technique reduces the production time of self-assembled, cell sheet-derived engineered vascular conduits to 2 weeks, thereby permitting their use as bypass grafts within the clinical time window for elective cardiovascular surgery. Furthermore, our method uses only clinically approved materials and can be adapted to various cell sources, simplifying the path toward future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel von Bornstädt
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Hanjay Wang
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Michael J Paulsen
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Andrew B Goldstone
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Anahita Eskandari
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Akshara Thakore
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Lyndsay Stapleton
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA.,Bioengineering (L.S., A.N.S., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Amanda N Steele
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA.,Bioengineering (L.S., A.N.S., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Vi N Truong
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Kevin Jaatinen
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Camille Hironaka
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery (D.v.B., H.W., M.J.P., A.B.G., A.E., A.T., L.S., A.N.S., V.N.T., K.J., C.H., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA.,Bioengineering (L.S., A.N.S., Y.J.W.), Stanford University, CA
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Bowers DT, Song W, Wang LH, Ma M. Engineering the vasculature for islet transplantation. Acta Biomater 2019; 95:131-151. [PMID: 31128322 PMCID: PMC6824722 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The microvasculature in the pancreatic islet is highly specialized for glucose sensing and insulin secretion. Although pancreatic islet transplantation is a potentially life-changing treatment for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, a lack of blood perfusion reduces viability and function of newly transplanted tissues. Functional vasculature around an implant is not only necessary for the supply of oxygen and nutrients but also required for rapid insulin release kinetics and removal of metabolic waste. Inadequate vascularization is particularly a challenge in islet encapsulation. Selectively permeable membranes increase the barrier to diffusion and often elicit a foreign body reaction including a fibrotic capsule that is not well vascularized. Therefore, approaches that aid in the rapid formation of a mature and robust vasculature in close proximity to the transplanted cells are crucial for successful islet transplantation or other cellular therapies. In this paper, we review various strategies to engineer vasculature for islet transplantation. We consider properties of materials (both synthetic and naturally derived), prevascularization, local release of proangiogenic factors, and co-transplantation of vascular cells that have all been harnessed to increase vasculature. We then discuss the various other challenges in engineering mature, long-term functional and clinically viable vasculature as well as some emerging technologies developed to address them. The benefits of physiological glucose control for patients and the healthcare system demand vigorous pursuit of solutions to cell transplant challenges. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Insulin-dependent diabetes affects more than 1.25 million people in the United States alone. Pancreatic islets secrete insulin and other endocrine hormones that control glucose to normal levels. During preparation for transplantation, the specialized islet blood vessel supply is lost. Furthermore, in the case of cell encapsulation, cells are protected within a device, further limiting delivery of nutrients and absorption of hormones. To overcome these issues, this review considers methods to rapidly vascularize sites and implants through material properties, pre-vascularization, delivery of growth factors, or co-transplantation of vessel supporting cells. Other challenges and emerging technologies are also discussed. Proper vascular growth is a significant component of successful islet transplantation, a treatment that can provide life-changing benefits to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Bowers
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Long-Hai Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Dave K, Gomes VG. Interactions at scaffold interfaces: Effect of surface chemistry, structural attributes and bioaffinity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110078. [PMID: 31546353 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Effective regenerative medicine relies on understanding the interplay between biomaterial implants and the adjoining cells. Scaffolds contribute by presenting sites for cellular adhesion, growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation which lead to regeneration of tissues over desired periods of time. The fabrication and recruitment of scaffolds often fail to consider the interactions that occur at the interfaces, thereby risking rejection. This lack of knowledge on interfacial microenvironments and related exchanges often causes reduced cellular interactions, poor cell survival and intervention failure. Successful regenerative therapy requires scaffolds with bespoke biocompatibility, optimum pore structure, and cues for cell attachments. These factors determine the development of cellular affinity in scaffolds. For biomedical applications, a detailed understanding of scaffolds and their interfaces is required for better tuning of biomaterials to suit the microenvironments. In this review, we discuss the role of biointerfaces with a focus on surface chemistry, pore structure, scaffold hydro-affinity and their biointeractions. An understanding of the effect of scaffold interfacial properties is crucial for enhancing the progress of tissue engineering towards clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khyati Dave
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Vincent G Gomes
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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36
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Li Z, Kurosawa O, Iwata H. Establishment of human trophoblast stem cells from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cystic cells under micromesh culture. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:245. [PMID: 31391109 PMCID: PMC6686486 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trophoblasts as a specific cell lineage are crucial for the correct function of the placenta. Human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) are a proliferative population that can differentiate into syncytiotrophoblasts and extravillous cytotrophoblasts. Many studies have reported that chemical supplements induce the differentiation of trophoblasts from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). However, there have been no reports of the establishment of proliferative hTSCs from hiPSCs. Our previous report showed that culturing hiPSCs on micromesh as a bioscaffold induced cystic cells with trophoblast properties. Here, we aimed to establish hTSCs from hiPSCs. METHODS We used the micromesh culture technique to induce hiPSC differentiation into trophoblast cysts. We then reseeded and purified cystic cells. RESULTS The cells derived from the reseeded cysts were highly proliferative. Low expression levels of pluripotency genes and high expression levels of TSC-specific genes were detected in proliferative cells. The cells could be passaged, and further directional differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast- and extravillous cytotrophoblast-like cells was confirmed by marker expression and hormone secretion. CONCLUSIONS We established hiPSC-derived hTSCs, which may be applicable for studying the functions of trophoblasts and the placenta. Our experimental system may provide useful tools for understanding the pathogenesis of infertility owing to trophoblast defects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuosi Li
- The "Compass to Healthy Life" Research Complex Program, RIKEN Institute, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Osamu Kurosawa
- The "Compass to Healthy Life" Research Complex Program, RIKEN Institute, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroo Iwata
- The "Compass to Healthy Life" Research Complex Program, RIKEN Institute, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.,Research Promotion Institution for COI Site, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Zhang J, McIntosh BE, Wang B, Brown ME, Probasco MD, Webster S, Duffin B, Zhou Y, Guo LW, Burlingham WJ, Kent C, Ferris M, Thomson JA. A Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Screen for Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation and Maturation Identifies Inhibitors of Intimal Hyperplasia. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:1269-1281. [PMID: 31080110 PMCID: PMC6565755 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Contractile to synthetic phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contributes to stenosis in vascular disease and vascular transplants. To generate more contractile SMCs, we performed a high-throughput differentiation screen using a MYH11-NLuc-tdTomato human embryonic stem cell reporter cell line. We identified RepSox as a factor that promotes differentiation of MYH11-positive cells by promoting NOTCH signaling. RepSox induces SMCs to exhibit a more contractile phenotype than SMCs generated using PDGF-BB and TGF-β1, two factors previously used for SMC differentiation but which also cause intimal hyperplasia. In addition, RepSox inhibited intimal hyperplasia caused by contractile to synthetic phenotypic switching of SMCs in a rat balloon injury model. Thus, in addition to providing more contractile SMCs that could prove useful for constructing artificial blood vessels, this study suggests a strategy for identifying drugs for inhibiting intimal hyperplasia that act by driving contractile differentiation rather than inhibiting proliferation non-specifically. Fully defined differentiation of contractile (95% MYH11+) smooth muscle cells (SMCs) RepSox-NOTCH signal promotes SMC differentiation and inhibits intimal hyperplasia RepSox-SMCs could reduce the risk of intimal hyperplasia compared with PDGF/TGF-SMCs Applying SMC differentiation for high-throughput screening of anti-restenosis drugs
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhang
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
| | - Brian E McIntosh
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew E Brown
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Mitchell D Probasco
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Sarah Webster
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Bret Duffin
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael Ferris
- College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Computer Sciences, Industrial & Systems Engineering, Mathematics, Optimization, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - James A Thomson
- Regenerative Biology, Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 North Orchard Street, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA.
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Li N, Rickel AP, Sanyour HJ, Hong Z. Vessel graft fabricated by the on-site differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells towards vascular cells on vascular extracellular matrix scaffold under mechanical stimulation in a rotary bioreactor. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2703-2713. [PMID: 32255003 PMCID: PMC11299192 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03348j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Although a significant number of studies on vascular tissue engineering have been reported, the current availability of vessel substitutes in the clinic remains limited mainly due to the mismatch of their mechanical properties and biological functions with native vessels. In this study, a novel approach to fabricating a vessel graft for vascular tissue engineering was developed by promoting differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) on a native vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold in a rotary bioreactor. The expression levels of CD31 and vWF, and the LDL uptake capacity as well as the angiogenesis capability of the EC-like cells in the dynamic culture system were significantly enhanced compared to the static system. In addition, α-actin and smoothelin expression, and contractility of VSMC-like cells harvested from the dynamic model were much higher than those in a static culture system. The combination of on-site differentiation of stem cells towards vascular cells in the natural vessel ECM scaffold and maturation of the resulting vessel construct in a dynamic cell culture environment provides a promising approach to fabricating a clinically applicable vessel graft with similar mechanical properties and physiological functions to those of native blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, 4800 N Career Ave, Suite 221, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
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Non-invasive functional molecular phenotyping of human smooth muscle cells utilized in cardiovascular tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2019; 89:193-205. [PMID: 30878445 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) diversity and plasticity are limiting factors in their characterization and application in cardiovascular tissue engineering. This work aimed to evaluate the potential of Raman microspectroscopy and Raman imaging to distinguish SMCs of different tissue origins and phenotypes. Cultured human SMCs isolated from different vascular and non-vascular tissues as well as fixed human SMC-containing tissues were analyzed. In addition, Raman spectra and images of tissue-engineered SMC constructs were acquired. Routine techniques such as qPCR, histochemistry, histological and immunocytological staining were performed for comparative gene and protein expression analysis. We identified that SMCs of different tissue origins exhibited unique spectral information that allowed a separation of all groups of origin by multivariate data analysis (MVA). We were further able to non-invasively monitor phenotypic switching in cultured SMCs and assess the impact of different culture conditions on extracellular matrix remodeling in the tissue-engineered ring constructs. Interestingly, we identified that the Raman signature of the human SMC-based ring constructs was similar to the one obtained from native aortic tissue. We conclude that Raman microspectroscopic methods are promising tools to characterize cells and define cellular and extracellular matrix components on a molecular level. In this study, in situ measurements were marker-independent, fast, and identified cellular differences that were not detectable by established routine techniques. Perspectively, Raman microspectroscopy and MVA in combination with artificial intelligence can be suitable for automated quality monitoring of (stem) cell and cell-based tissue engineering products. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The accessibility of autologous blood vessels for surgery is limited. Tissue engineering (TE) aims to develop functional vascular replacements; however, no commercially available TE vascular graft (TEVG) exists to date. One limiting factor is the availability of a well-characterized and safe cell source. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are generally used for TEVGs. To engineer a TEVG, proliferating SMCs of the synthesizing phenotype are essential, whereas functional, sustainable TEVGs require SMCs of the contractile phenotype. SMC diversity and plasticity are therefore limiting factors, also for their quality monitoring and application in TE. In this study, Raman microspectroscopy and imaging combined with machine learning tools allowed the non-destructive, marker-independent characterization of SMCs, smooth muscle tissues and TE SMC-constructs. The spectral information was specific enough to distinguish for the first time the phenotypic switching in SMCs in real-time, and monitor the impact of culture conditions on ECM remodeling in the TE SMC-constructs.
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Lin H, Qiu X, Du Q, Li Q, Wang O, Akert L, Wang Z, Anderson D, Liu K, Gu L, Zhang C, Lei Y. Engineered Microenvironment for Manufacturing Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:84-97. [PMID: 30527760 PMCID: PMC6335449 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (hPSC-VSMCs) are of great value for disease modeling, drug screening, cell therapies, and tissue engineering. However, producing a high quantity of hPSC-VSMCs with current cell culture technologies remains very challenging. Here, we report a scalable method for manufacturing hPSC-VSMCs in alginate hydrogel microtubes (i.e., AlgTubes), which protect cells from hydrodynamic stresses and limit cell mass to <400 μm to ensure efficient mass transport. The tubes provide cells a friendly microenvironment, leading to extremely high culture efficiency. We have shown that hPSC-VSMCs can be generated in 10 days with high viability, high purity, and high yield (∼5.0 × 108 cells/mL). Phenotype and gene expression showed that VSMCs made in AlgTubes and VSMCs made in 2D cultures were similar overall. However, AlgTube-VSMCs had higher expression of genes related to vasculature development and angiogenesis, and 2D-VSMCs had higher expression of genes related to cell death and biosynthetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishuang Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Leonard Akert
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dirk Anderson
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Kan Liu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Linxia Gu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Yuguo Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Li N, Sanyour H, Remund T, Kelly P, Hong Z. Vascular extracellular matrix and fibroblasts-coculture directed differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells toward smooth muscle-like cells for vascular tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:61-69. [PMID: 30274093 PMCID: PMC11264340 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Construction of an artificial vascular graft is widely considered a promising strategy in vascular tissue engineering. However, limited sources of functional vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain a major obstacle in vascular tissue engineering. In this study, we innovatively developed an approach to obtain functional VSMCs by onsite differentiating human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) directed by decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) and fibroblasts. The resulting cells and ECM-cells constructs were characterized by real time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, cell contractile functions, and migration capacity. Our results showed both ECM and fibroblasts induced MSCs differentiation toward VSMC-like cells with increased transcription of marker genes, upregulated expression of contractile apparatus proteins, and enhanced functional activity of VSMC phenotype. Interestingly, our findings revealed that native ECM and fibroblasts-coculture had a higher potential to promote MSCs differentiation into VSMCs than growth factors cocktail (GFC) supplemented culture, thereby providing a potential source of VSMCs for blood vessel constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, SD, United States of America; BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Hanna Sanyour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, SD, United States of America; BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Tyler Remund
- Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Patrick Kelly
- Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America; School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, SD, United States of America
| | - Zhongkui Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, SD, United States of America; BioSNTR, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America.
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Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Engineer Blood Vessels. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 163:147-168. [PMID: 29090328 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a remarkable scientific advancement that allows scientists to harness the power of regenerative medicine for potential treatment of disease using unaffected cells. PSCs provide a unique opportunity to study and combat cardiovascular diseases, which continue to claim the lives of thousands each day. Here, we discuss the differentiation of PSCs into vascular cells, investigation of the functional capabilities of the derived cells, and their utilization to engineer microvascular beds or vascular grafts for clinical application. Graphical Abstract Human iPSCs generated from patients are differentiated toward ECs and perivascular cells for use in disease modeling, microvascular bed development, or vascular graft fabrication.
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Liu Q, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Saunders L, Schipani E, Chen Q, Ma PX. Suppressing mesenchymal stem cell hypertrophy and endochondral ossification in 3D cartilage regeneration with nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) scaffold and matrilin-3. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:29-38. [PMID: 29940371 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage has a very limited ability to self-heal after injury or degeneration due to its low cellularity, poor proliferative activity, and avascular nature. Current clinical options are able to alleviate patient suffering, but cannot sufficiently regenerate the lost tissue. Biomimetic scaffolds that recapitulate the important features of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage are hypothesized to be advantageous in supporting cell growth, chondrogenic differentiation, and integration of regenerated cartilage with native cartilage, ultimately restoring the injured tissue to its normal function. It remains a challenge to support and maintain articular cartilage regenerated by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which are prone to hypertrophy and endochondral ossification after implantation in vivo. In the present work, a nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) (NF PLLA) scaffold developed by our group was utilized because of the desired highly porous structure, high interconnectivity, and collagen-like NF architecture to support rabbit BMSCs for articular cartilage regeneration. We further hypothesized that matrilin-3 (MATN3), a non-collagenous, cartilage-specific ECM protein, would enhance the microenvironment of the NF PLLA scaffold for cartilage regeneration and maintain the cartilage property. To test this hypothesis, we seeded BMSCs on the NF PLLA scaffold with or without MATN3. We found that MATN3 suppresses hypertrophy in this 3D culture system in vitro. Subcutaneous implantation of the chondrogenic cell/scaffold constructs in a nude mouse model showed that pretreatment with MATN3 was able to maintain chondrogenesis and prevent hypertrophy and endochondral ossification in vivo. These results demonstrate that the porous NF PLLA scaffold treated with MATN3 represents an advantageous 3D microenvironment for cartilage regeneration and phenotype maintenance, and is a promising strategy for articular cartilage repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Articular cartilage defects, caused by trauma, inflammation, or joint instability, may ultimately lead to debilitating pain and disability. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are an attractive cell source for articular cartilage tissue engineering. However, chondrogenic induction of BMSCs is often accompanied by undesired hypertrophy, which can lead to calcification and ultimately damage the cartilage. Therefore, a therapy to prevent hypertrophy and endochondral ossification is of paramount importance to adequately regenerate articular cartilage. We hypothesized that MATN3 (a non-collagenous ECM protein expressed exclusively in cartilage) may improve regeneration of articular cartilage with BMSCs by maintaining chondrogenesis and preventing hypertrophic transition in an ECM mimicking nanofibrous scaffold. Our results showed that the administration of MATN3 to the cell/nanofibrous scaffold constructs favorably maintained chondrogenesis and prevented hypertrophy/endochondral ossification in the chondrogenic constructs in vitro and in vivo. The combination of nanofibrous PLLA scaffolds and MATN3 treatment provides a very promising strategy to generate chondrogenic grafts with phenotypic stability for articular cartilage repair.
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Radke D, Jia W, Sharma D, Fena K, Wang G, Goldman J, Zhao F. Tissue Engineering at the Blood-Contacting Surface: A Review of Challenges and Strategies in Vascular Graft Development. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701461. [PMID: 29732735 PMCID: PMC6105365 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are beginning to achieve clinical success and hold promise as a source of grafting material when donor grafts are unsuitable or unavailable. Significant technological advances have generated small-diameter TEVGs that are mechanically stable and promote functional remodeling by regenerating host cells. However, developing a biocompatible blood-contacting surface remains a major challenge. The TEVG luminal surface must avoid negative inflammatory responses and thrombogenesis immediately upon implantation and promote endothelialization. The surface has therefore become a primary focus for research and development efforts. The current state of TEVGs is herein reviewed with an emphasis on the blood-contacting surface. General vascular physiology and developmental challenges and strategies are briefly described, followed by an overview of the materials currently employed in TEVGs. The use of biodegradable materials and stem cells requires careful control of graft composition, degradation behavior, and cell recruitment ability to ensure that a physiologically relevant vessel structure is ultimately achieved. The establishment of a stable monolayer of endothelial cells and the quiescence of smooth muscle cells are critical to the maintenance of patency. Several strategies to modify blood-contacting surfaces to resist thrombosis and control cellular recruitment are reviewed, including coatings of biomimetic peptides and heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Radke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
| | - Wenkai Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
| | - Dhavan Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
| | - Kemin Fena
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
| | - Jeremy Goldman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, U.S
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Ayoubi S, Sheikh SP, Eskildsen TV. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular smooth muscle cells: differentiation and therapeutic potential. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1282-1293. [PMID: 28859296 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide and current treatment strategies have limited effect of disease progression. It would be desirable to have better models to study developmental and pathological processes and model vascular diseases in laboratory settings. To this end, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have generated great enthusiasm, and have been a driving force for development of novel strategies in drug discovery and regenerative cell-therapy for the last decade. Hence, investigating the mechanisms underlying the differentiation of hiPSCs into specialized cell types such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may lead to a better understanding of developmental cardiovascular processes and potentiate progress of safe autologous regenerative therapies in pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the latest trends on differentiation protocols of hiPSC-derived VSMCs and their potential application in vascular research and regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Ayoubi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowvej 21 3, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren P Sheikh
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowvej 21 3, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Tilde V Eskildsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowvej 21 3, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
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Gay S, Lefebvre G, Bonnin M, Nottelet B, Boury F, Gibaud A, Calvignac B. PLA scaffolds production from Thermally Induced Phase Separation: Effect of process parameters and development of an environmentally improved route assisted by supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Recent Progress in Vascular Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1064:123-144. [PMID: 30471030 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0445-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in the U.S and results in the loss of approximately one million lives and more than 400 billion U.S. dollars for treatments every year. Recently, tissue engineered blood vessels have been studied and developed as promising replacements for treatment with autologous veins. Here, we summarize the cell sources and methods to make tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs), the recent progress in TEBV related research, and also the recent progress in TEBV related clinical studies.
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Luo J, Qin L, Kural MH, Schwan J, Li X, Bartulos O, Cong XQ, Ren Y, Gui L, Li G, Ellis MW, Li P, Kotton DN, Dardik A, Pober JS, Tellides G, Rolle M, Campbell S, Hawley RJ, Sachs DH, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Vascular smooth muscle cells derived from inbred swine induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2017; 147:116-132. [PMID: 28942128 PMCID: PMC5638652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Development of autologous tissue-engineered vascular constructs using vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great potential in treating patients with vascular disease. However, preclinical, large animal iPSC-based cellular and tissue models are required to evaluate safety and efficacy prior to clinical application. Herein, swine iPSC (siPSC) lines were established by introducing doxycycline-inducible reprogramming factors into fetal fibroblasts from a line of inbred Massachusetts General Hospital miniature swine that accept tissue and organ transplants without immunosuppression within the line. Highly enriched, functional VSMCs were derived from siPSCs based on addition of ascorbic acid and inactivation of reprogramming factor via doxycycline withdrawal. Moreover, siPSC-VSMCs seeded onto biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds readily formed vascular tissues, which were implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice and showed further maturation revealed by expression of the mature VSMC marker, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. Finally, using a robust cellular self-assembly approach, we developed 3D scaffold-free tissue rings from siPSC-VSMCs that showed comparable mechanical properties and contractile function to those developed from swine primary VSMCs. These engineered vascular constructs, prepared from doxycycline-inducible inbred siPSCs, offer new opportunities for preclinical investigation of autologous human iPSC-based vascular tissues for patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Xia Li
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Oscar Bartulos
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiao-Qiang Cong
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, ChangChun, 130021, China
| | - Yongming Ren
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Liqiong Gui
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Peining Li
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Alan Dardik
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marsha Rolle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Stuart Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Robert J Hawley
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - David H Sachs
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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49
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Dash BC, Levi K, Schwan J, Luo J, Bartulos O, Wu H, Qiu C, Yi T, Ren Y, Campbell S, Rolle MW, Qyang Y. Tissue-Engineered Vascular Rings from Human iPSC-Derived Smooth Muscle Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 7:19-28. [PMID: 27411102 PMCID: PMC4945325 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for an efficient approach to obtain a large-scale and renewable source of functional human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to establish robust, patient-specific tissue model systems for studying the pathogenesis of vascular disease, and for developing novel therapeutic interventions. Here, we have derived a large quantity of highly enriched functional VSMCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-VSMCs). Furthermore, we have engineered 3D tissue rings from hiPSC-VSMCs using a facile one-step cellular self-assembly approach. The tissue rings are mechanically robust and can be used for vascular tissue engineering and disease modeling of supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome. Our method may serve as a model system, extendable to study other vascular proliferative diseases for drug screening. Thus, this report describes an exciting platform technology with broad utility for manufacturing cell-based tissues and materials for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C Dash
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Surgery (Plastic), Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Karen Levi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Oscar Bartulos
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Caihong Qiu
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ting Yi
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yongming Ren
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Stuart Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Marsha W Rolle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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50
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von Nathusius S, König F, Sodian R, Born F, Hagl C, Thierfelder N. The cardiotomy reservoir - a preliminary evaluation of a new cell source for cardiovascular tissue engineering. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 41:0. [PMID: 29192716 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cell sources for cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE) are scant. However, the need for an ideal TE cardiovascular implant persists. We investigated the cardiotomy reservoir (CR) as a potential cell source that is more accessible and less ethically problematic. METHODS CR (n = 10) were removed from the bypass system after surgery. Isolation was performed using different isolation methods: blood samples were taken from the cardiopulmonary bypass and centrifuged at low density. The venous filter screen was cut out and placed into petri dishes for cultivation. The spongelike filter was removed, washed and treated in the same way as the blood samples. After cultivation, cell lines of fibroblasts (FB) and endothelial cells (EC) were obtained for analysis. The cells were seeded on polyurethane patches and analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Life/Dead assay and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS No correlation between age, time of surgery and quality of cells was observed. The successful extraction of FB and was proven by positive staining results for TE-7, CD31 and vWF. Cell morphology, cytoskeleton staining and quantification of proliferation using WST-1 assay resembled the cells of the control group in all ways. The topography of a confluent and vital cell layer after cell seeding was displayed by SEM analysis, Life/Dead Assay and immunohistochemistry. The establishment of an extracellular matrix (ECM) was proven by positive staining for collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin and elastin. CONCLUSIONS Viable FB and EC cell lines were extracted from the CR after surgery. Easy access and high availability make this cell source destined for widespread application in cardiovascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie von Nathusius
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Grosshadern Medical Centre, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich - Germany
| | - Fabian König
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Grosshadern Medical Centre, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich - Germany
| | - Ralf Sodian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Grosshadern Medical Centre, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich - Germany
| | - Frank Born
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Grosshadern Medical Centre, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich - Germany
| | - Christian Hagl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Grosshadern Medical Centre, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich - Germany
| | - Nikolaus Thierfelder
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Grosshadern Medical Centre, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich - Germany
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