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Modi SK, Mohapatra P, Bhatt P, Singh A, Parmar AS, Roy A, Joshi V, Singh MS. Targeting tumor microenvironment with photodynamic nanomedicine. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 39152568 DOI: 10.1002/med.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is approved for the treatment of certain cancers and precancer lesions. While early Photosensitizers (PS) have found their way to the clinic, research in the last two decades has led to the development of third-generation PS, including photodynamic nanomedicine for improved tumor delivery and minimal systemic or phototoxicity. In terms of nanoparticle design for PDT, we are witnessing a shift from passive to active delivery for improved outcomes with reduced PS dosage. Tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises of a complex and dynamic landscape with myriad potential targets for photodynamic nanocarriers that are surface-modified with ligands. Herein, we review ways to improvise PDT by actively targeting nanoparticles (NPs) to intracellular organelles such as mitochondria or lysosomes and so forth, overcoming the limitations caused by PDT-induced hypoxia, disrupting the blood vascular networks in tumor tissues-vascular targeted PDT (VTP) and targeting immune cells for photoimmunotherapy. We propose that a synergistic outlook will help to address challenges such as deep-seated tumors, metastasis, or relapse and would lead to robust PDT response in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kumar Modi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames, London, UK
| | - Pragyan Mohapatra
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Bhatt
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aishleen Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Avanish Singh Parmar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aniruddha Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vibhuti Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Center of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manu Smriti Singh
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Xin J, Lu X, Cao J, Wu W, Liu Q, Wang D, Zhou X, Ding D. Fluorinated Organic Polymers for Cancer Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404645. [PMID: 38678386 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of cancer therapy, the spotlight is on nanoscale pharmaceutical delivery systems, especially polymer-based nanoparticles, for their enhanced drug dissolution, extended presence in the bloodstream, and precision targeting achieved via surface engineering. Leveraging the amplified permeation and retention phenomenon, these systems concentrate therapeutic agents within tumor tissues. Nonetheless, the hurdles of systemic toxicity, biological barriers, and compatibility with living systems persist. Fluorinated polymers, distinguished by their chemical idiosyncrasies, are poised for extensive biomedical applications, notably in stabilizing drug metabolism, augmenting lipophilicity, and optimizing bioavailability. Material science heralds the advent of fluorinated polymers that, by integrating fluorine atoms, unveil a suite of drug delivery merits: the hydrophobic traits of fluorinated alkyl chains ward off lipid or protein disruption, the carbon-fluorine bond's stability extends the drug's lifecycle in the system, and a lower alkalinity coupled with a diminished ionic charge bolsters the drug's ability to traverse cellular membranes. This comprehensive review delves into the utilization of fluorinated polymers for oncological pharmacotherapy, elucidating their molecular architecture, synthetic pathways, and functional attributes, alongside an exploration of their empirical strengths and the quandaries they encounter in both experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Xin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Deping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Chen Y, Xu S, Ren S, Zhang J, Xu J, Song Y, Peng J, Zhang S, Du Q, Chen Y. Design of a targeted dual drug delivery system for boosting the efficacy of photoimmunotherapy against melanoma proliferation and metastasis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00207-8. [PMID: 38768811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The combination of a photosensitizer and indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor provides a promising photoimmunotherapy (PIT) strategy for melanoma treatment. A dual drug delivery system offers a potential approach for optimizing the inhibitory effects of PIT on melanoma proliferation and metastasis. OBJECTIVE To develop a dual drug delivery system based on PIT and to study its efficacy in inhibiting melanoma proliferation and metastasis. METHODS We constructed a multifunctional nano-porphyrin material (P18-APBA-HA) using the photosensitizer-purpurin 18 (P18), hyaluronic acid (HA), and 4-(aminomethyl) phenylboronic acid (APBA). The resulting P18-APBA-HA was inserted into a phospholipid membrane and the IDO inhibitor epacadostat (EPA) was loaded into the internal phase to prepare a dual drug delivery system (Lip\EPA\P18-APBA-HA). Moreover, we also investigated its physicochemical properties, targeting, anti-tumor immunity, and anti-tumor proliferation and metastasis effects. RESULTS The designed system utilized the pH sensitivity of borate ester to realize an enhanced-targeting strategy to facilitate the drug distribution in tumor lesions and efficient receptor-mediated cellular endocytosis. The intracellular release of EPA from Lip\EPA\P18-APBA-HA was triggered by thermal radiation, thereby inhibiting IDO activity in the tumor microenvironment, and promoting activation of the immune response. Intravenous administration of Lip\EPA\P18-APBA-HA effectively induced anti-tumor immunity by promoting dendritic cell maturation, cytotoxic T cell activation, and regulatory T cell suppression, and regulating cytokine secretion, to inhibit the proliferation of melanoma and lung metastasis. CONCLUSION The proposed nano-drug delivery system holds promise as offers a promising strategy to enhance the inhibitory effects of the combination of EPA and P18 on melanoma proliferation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Shan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Shuang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinzhuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 561113, China
| | - Jianqing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Qianming Du
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China; School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Anti-Cancer Drug Targets Discovery and Application, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 561113, China.
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Yu Q, Li X, Wang J, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Recent Advances in Reprogramming Strategy of Tumor Microenvironment for Rejuvenating Photosensitizers-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305708. [PMID: 38018311 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has recently been considered a potential tumor therapy due to its time-space specificity and non-invasive advantages. PDT can not only directly kill tumor cells by using cytotoxic reactive oxygen species but also induce an anti-tumor immune response by causing immunogenic cell death of tumor cells. Although it exhibits a promising prospect in treating tumors, there are still many problems to be solved in its practical application. Tumor hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment seriously affect the efficacy of PDT. The hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment is mainly due to the abnormal vascular matrix around the tumor, its abnormal metabolism, and the influence of various immunosuppressive-related cells and their expressed molecules. Thus, reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME) is of great significance for rejuvenating PDT. This article reviews the latest strategies for rejuvenating PDT, from regulating tumor vascular matrix, interfering with tumor cell metabolism, and reprogramming immunosuppressive related cells and factors to reverse tumor hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment. These strategies provide valuable information for a better understanding of the significance of TME in PDT and also guide the development of the next-generation multifunctional nanoplatforms for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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Negut I, Bita B. Polymersomes as Innovative, Stimuli-Responsive Platforms for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:463. [PMID: 38675124 PMCID: PMC11053450 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the urgent need for more targeted and less toxic cancer treatments by exploring the potential of multi-responsive polymersomes. These advanced nanocarriers are engineered to deliver drugs precisely to tumor sites by responding to specific stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, hypoxia, and redox conditions, thereby minimizing the side effects associated with traditional chemotherapy. We discuss the design, synthesis, and recent applications of polymersomes, emphasizing their ability to improve therapeutic outcomes through controlled drug release and targeted delivery. Moreover, we highlight the critical areas for future research, including the optimization of polymersome-biological interactions and biocompatibility, to facilitate their clinical adoption. Multi-responsive polymersomes emerge as a promising development in nanomedicine, offering a pathway to safer and more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Negut
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Bita
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
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Zhang JA, Haddleton D, Wilson P, Zhu LH, Dai CY, Zhao LL. pH-Responsive Amphiphilic Triblock Fluoropolymers as Assemble Oxygen Nanoshuttles for Enhancing PDT against Hypoxic Tumor. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:400-411. [PMID: 38366969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment strategy that utilizes photosensitizers to convert oxygen within tumors into reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) to lyse tumor cells. Nevertheless, pre-existing tumor hypoxia and oxygen consumption during PDT can lead to an insufficient oxygen supply, potentially reducing the photodynamic efficacy. In response to this issue, we have devised a pH-responsive amphiphilic triblock fluorinated polymer (PDP) using copper-mediated RDRP. This polymer, composed of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, and (perfluorooctyl)ethyl acrylate, self-assembles in an aqueous environment. Oxygen, chlorine e6 (Ce6), and doxorubicin (DOX) can be codelivered efficiently by PDP. The incorporation of perfluorocarbon into the formulation enhances the oxygen-carrying capacity of PDP, consequently extending the lifetime of 1O2. This increased lifetime, in turn, amplifies the PDT effect and escalates the cellular cytotoxicity. Compared with PDT alone, PDP@Ce6-DOX-O2 NPs demonstrated significant inhibition of tumor growth. This study proposes a novel strategy for enhancing the efficacy of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-An Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - David Haddleton
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Paul Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Lin-Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Polymers of Haikou, Tropical Functional Polymer Materials Engineering Research Center of Hainan, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Chun-Yan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Polymers of Haikou, Tropical Functional Polymer Materials Engineering Research Center of Hainan, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Lin-Lu Zhao
- College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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Zhao Y, Yuan B, Yan L, Wang Z, Xu Z, Geng B, Guo X, Chen X. In Situ Synthesis of Ru/TiO 2- x @TiCN Ternary Heterojunctions for Enhanced Sonodynamic and Nanocatalytic Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307029. [PMID: 38032117 PMCID: PMC10811504 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Albeit nanozymes-based tumor catalytic therapy (NCT) relies on endogenous chemical reactions that could achieve tumor microenvironment (TME)-specialized reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the unsatisfactory catalytic activity of nanozymes accompanied by complex TME poses a barrier to the therapeutic effect of NCT. Herein, a one-step in situ synthesis strategy is reported to construct ternary Ru/TiO2- x @TiCN heterojunctions through oxidative conversion of TiCN nanosheets (NSs) to TiO2- x NSs and reductive deposition of Ru3+ to Ru nanoparticles. The narrow bandgap and existence of heterojunctions enhance the ultrasound-activated ROS generation of Ru/TiO2- x @TiCN because of the accelerated electron transfer and inhibits electron-hole pair recombination. The augmented ROS production efficiency is achieved by Ru/TiO2- x @TiCN with triple enzyme-like activities, which amplifies the ROS levels in a cascade manner through the catalytic decomposition of endogenous H2 O2 to relieve hypoxia and heterojunction-mediated NCT, as well as depletion of overexpressed glutathione. The satisfactory therapeutic effects of Ru/TiO2- x @TiCN heterojunctions are achieved through synergetic sonodynamic therapy and NCT, which achieve the complete elimination of tumors without recurrence. This strategy highlights the potential of in situ synthesis of semiconductor heterojunctions as enhanced sonosensitizers and nanozymes for efficient tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhao
- Spine CenterDepartment of OrthopedicsShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Spine CenterDepartment of OrthopedicsShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003China
| | - Lang Yan
- Department of Health ToxicologyFaculty of Naval MedicineNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Spine CenterDepartment of OrthopedicsShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Spine CenterDepartment of OrthopedicsShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003China
| | - Bijiang Geng
- School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Spine CenterDepartment of OrthopedicsShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003China
| | - Xiongsheng Chen
- Spine CenterDepartment of OrthopedicsShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai200003China
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Ling H, Zhang Q, Luo Q, Ouyang D, He Z, Sun J, Sun M. Dynamic immuno-nanomedicines in oncology. J Control Release 2024; 365:668-687. [PMID: 38042376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cancer therapeutics have achieved significant advances due to the emergence of immunotherapies that rely on the identification of tumors by the patients' immune system and subsequent tumor eradication. However, tumor cells often escape immunity, leading to poor responsiveness and easy tolerance to immunotherapy. Thus, the potentiated anti-tumor immunity in patients resistant to immunotherapies remains a challenge. Reactive oxygen species-based dynamic nanotherapeutics are not new in the anti-tumor field, but their potential as immunomodulators has only been demonstrated in recent years. Dynamic nanotherapeutics can distinctly enhance anti-tumor immune response, which derives the concept of the dynamic immuno-nanomedicines (DINMs). This review describes the pivotal role of DINMs in cancer immunotherapy and provides an overview of the clinical realities of DINMs. The preclinical development of emerging DINMs is also outlined. Moreover, strategies to synergize the antitumor immunity by DINMs in combination with other immunologic agents are summarized. Last but not least, the challenges and opportunities related to DINMs-mediated immune responses are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qinyi Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiuhua Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
| | - Mengchi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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Mohaghegh N, Ahari A, Zehtabi F, Buttles C, Davani S, Hoang H, Tseng K, Zamanian B, Khosravi S, Daniali A, Kouchehbaghi NH, Thomas I, Serati Nouri H, Khorsandi D, Abbasgholizadeh R, Akbari M, Patil R, Kang H, Jucaud V, Khademhosseini A, Hassani Najafabadi A. Injectable hydrogels for personalized cancer immunotherapies. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:67-91. [PMID: 37806376 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The field of cancer immunotherapy has shown significant growth, and researchers are now focusing on effective strategies to enhance and prolong local immunomodulation. Injectable hydrogels (IHs) have emerged as versatile platforms for encapsulating and controlling the release of small molecules and cells, drawing significant attention for their potential to enhance antitumor immune responses while inhibiting metastasis and recurrence. IHs delivering natural killer (NK) cells, T cells, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) offer a viable method for treating cancer. Indeed, it can bypass the extracellular matrix and gradually release small molecules or cells into the tumor microenvironment, thereby boosting immune responses against cancer cells. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy using IHs for delivering NK cells, T cells, APCs, chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, and photothermal-immunotherapy. First, we introduce IHs as a delivery matrix, then summarize their applications for the local delivery of small molecules and immune cells to elicit robust anticancer immune responses. Additionally, we discuss recent progress in IHs systems used for local combination therapy, including chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, photothermal-immunotherapy, photodynamic-immunotherapy, and gene-immunotherapy. By comprehensively examining the utilization of IHs in cancer immunotherapy, this review aims to highlight the potential of IHs as effective carriers for immunotherapy delivery, facilitating the development of innovative strategies for cancer treatment. In addition, we demonstrate that using hydrogel-based platforms for the targeted delivery of immune cells, such as NK cells, T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs), has remarkable potential in cancer therapy. These innovative approaches have yielded substantial reductions in tumor growth, showcasing the ability of hydrogels to enhance the efficacy of immune-based treatments. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As cancer immunotherapy continues to expand, the mode of therapeutic agent delivery becomes increasingly critical. This review spotlights the forward-looking progress of IHs, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize localized immunotherapy delivery. By efficiently encapsulating and controlling the release of essential immune components such as T cells, NK cells, APCs, and various therapeutic agents, IHs offer a pioneering pathway to amplify immune reactions, moderate metastasis, and reduce recurrence. Their adaptability further shines when considering their role in emerging combination therapies, including chemoimmunotherapy, radio-immunotherapy, and photothermal-immunotherapy. Understanding IHs' significance in cancer therapy is essential, suggesting a shift in cancer treatment dynamics and heralding a novel period of focused, enduring, and powerful therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mohaghegh
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Amir Ahari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Surgery, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fatemeh Zehtabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Claire Buttles
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Indiana University Bloomington, Department of Biology, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Saya Davani
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Hanna Hoang
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Kaylee Tseng
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - Benjamin Zamanian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Safoora Khosravi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Ariella Daniali
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Negar Hosseinzadeh Kouchehbaghi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isabel Thomas
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA
| | - Hamed Serati Nouri
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Akbari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA; Laboratory for Innovations in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Rameshwar Patil
- Department of Basic Science and Neurosurgery, Division of Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064 USA.
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Yang M, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Xie H, Tian W, Liu Z. Application of hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticles for cancer combination therapy. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123459. [PMID: 37778513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant public health problem in the world. The treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, phototherapy, and immunotherapy. Due to their respective limitations, the treatment effect is often unsatisfactory, laying hidden dangers for metastasis and recurrence. Since their exceptional biocompatibility and excellent targeting capabilities, hyaluronic acid-based biomaterials have generated great interest as drug delivery methods for tumor therapy. Moreover, modified HA can self-assemble into hydrogels or nanoparticles (NPs) for precise drug administration. This article summarizes the application of HA-based NPs in combination therapy. Ultimately, it is anticipated that this research will offer guidance for creating various HA-based NPs utilized in numerous cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zheming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haonan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wenli Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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11
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Zhang J, Jiang X, Luo W, Mo Y, Dai C, Zhu L. PEGA-BA@Ce6@PFCE Micelles as Oxygen Nanoshuttles for Tumor Hypoxia Relief and Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:6697. [PMID: 37764473 PMCID: PMC10535279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia, which is mainly caused by the inefficient microvascular systems induced by rapid tumor growth, is a common characteristic of most solid tumors and has been found to hinder treatment outcomes for many types of cancer therapeutics. In this study, an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate-block-n-butyl acrylate (PEGA-BA), was prepared via the ATRP method and self-assembled into core-shell micelles as nano radiosensitizers. These micelles encapsulated a photosensitizer, Chlorin e6 (Ce6), and demonstrated well-defined morphology, a uniform size distribution, and high oxygen loading capacity. Cell experiments showed that PEGA-BA@Ce6@PFCE micelles could effectively enter cells. Further in vitro anticancer studies demonstrated that the PEGA-BA@Ce6@PFCE micelles significantly suppressed the tumor cell survival rate when exposed to a laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wenyue Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yongjie Mo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Chunyan Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Linhua Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Polymers of Haikou, Haikou 571158, China
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12
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Zhang JY, Gao WD, Lin JY, Xu S, Zhang LJ, Lu XC, Luan X, Peng JQ, Chen Y. Nanotechnology-based photo-immunotherapy: a new hope for inhibition of melanoma growth and metastasis. J Drug Target 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37216425 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2216402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and there is a need for the development of effective anti-melanoma therapies as it shows high metastatic ability and low response rate. In addition, it has been identified that traditional phototherapy could trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) to activate antitumor immune response, which could not only effectively arrest primary tumor growth, but also exhibit superior effects in terms of anti-metastasis, anti-recurrence for metastatic melanoma treatment However, the limited tumor accumulation of photosensitizers/photothermal agents and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment severely weaken the immune effects. The application of nanotechnology facilitates a higher accumulation of photosensitizers/photothermal agents at the tumor site, which can thus improve the antitumor effects of photo-immunotherapy (PIT). In this review, we summarize the basic principles of nanotechnology-based PIT and highlight novel nanotechnologies that are expected to enhance the antitumor immune response for improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Dong Gao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Yi Lin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin-Chen Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian-Qing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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13
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Li X, Chen L, Huang M, Zeng S, Zheng J, Peng S, Wang Y, Cheng H, Li S. Innovative strategies for photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumor. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100775. [PMID: 36896447 PMCID: PMC9989661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is applied as a robust therapeutic option for tumor, which exhibits some advantages of unique selectivity and irreversible damage to tumor cells. Among which, photosensitizer (PS), appropriate laser irradiation and oxygen (O2) are three essential components for PDT, but the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) restricts the O2 supply in tumor tissues. Even worse, tumor metastasis and drug resistance frequently happen under hypoxic condition, which further deteriorate the antitumor effect of PDT. To enhance the PDT efficiency, critical attention has been received by relieving tumor hypoxia, and innovative strategies on this topic continue to emerge. Traditionally, the O2 supplement strategy is considered as a direct and effective strategy to relieve TME, whereas it is confronted with great challenges for continuous O2 supply. Recently, O2-independent PDT provides a brand new strategy to enhance the antitumor efficiency, which can avoid the influence of TME. In addition, PDT can synergize with other antitumor strategies, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT) and starvation therapy, to remedy the inadequate PDT effect under hypoxia conditions. In this paper, we summarized the latest progresses in the development of innovative strategies to improve PDT efficacy against hypoxic tumor, which were classified into O2-dependent PDT, O2-independent PDT and synergistic therapy. Furthermore, the advantages and deficiencies of various strategies were also discussed to envisage the prospects and challenges in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Miaoting Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Shaoting Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Shuyi Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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14
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Jia Z, Gao Y, Ni J, Wu X, Mao Z, Sheng G, Zhu Y. A hybrid metal-organic framework nanomedicine-mediated photodynamic therapy and hypoxia-activated cancer chemotherapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:379-390. [PMID: 36162395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment and photodynamic therapy (PDT)-aggravated hypoxia compromise the anticancer efficacy of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and PDT. Thus, sophisticated nanomedicines that can activate their anticancer capability in situ in response to specific stimuli need to be developed. This study aimed to construct a hybrid nanomedicine that activated chemotherapy by inducing hypoxia, which synergized with PDT to promote antitumor outcomes, contrary to the strategies focusing on reversing tumor hypoxia. The hybridization of a porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) enhanced the stability of the hybrid nanomedicine against the phosphate in blood, thereby preventing the premature drug release during blood circulation. The surface modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) markedly increased the tumor accumulation of the hybrid MOF nanomedicine, which encapsulated a hypoxia-activated prodrug (tirapazamine, TPZ), by enhancing its colloidal stability and pharmacokinetics. The loaded TPZ was rapidly released from the nanomedicine in response to the concentrated intracellular phosphate after cellular uptake, and was then converted into a potent anticancer drug in a hypoxic microenvironment exacerbated by continuous O2 consumption during PDT. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the synergistic PDT and hypoxia-activated chemotherapy exhibited enhanced antitumor therapeutic efficiency and superior antimetastatic effect, and effectively ablated the tumor without recurrence. Therefore, the sophisticated nanomedicine reported here, which eliminated cancer cells by inducing a hypoxic tumor microenvironment, showed translational potential in future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiali Ni
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaochang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University Huzhou Hospital, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guoping Sheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuefeng Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1 Shangcheng Road, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Lai C, Luo B, Shen J, Shao J. Biomedical engineered nanomaterials to alleviate tumor hypoxia for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 186:106551. [PMID: 36370918 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a highly selective, widely applicable, and non-invasive therapeutic modality that is an alternative to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, is extensively applied to cancer therapy. Practically, the efficiency of PDT is severely hindered by the existence of hypoxia in tumor tissue. Hypoxia is a typical hallmark of malignant solid tumors, which remains an essential impediment to many current treatments, thereby leading to poor clinical prognosis after therapy. To address this issue, studies have been focused on modulating tumor hypoxia to augment the therapeutic efficacy. Although nanomaterials to relieve tumor hypoxia for enhanced PDT have been demonstrated in many research articles, a systematical summary of the role of nanomaterials in alleviating tumor hypoxia is scarce. In this review, we introduced the mechanism of PDT, and the involved therapeutic modality of PDT for ablation of tumor cells was specifically summarized. Moreover, current advances in nanomaterials-mediated tumor oxygenation via oxygen-carrying or oxygen-generation tactics to alleviate tumor hypoxia are emphasized. Based on these considerable summaries and analyses, we proposed some feasible perspectives on nanoparticle-based tumor oxygenation to ameliorate the therapeutic outcomes, which may provide some detailed information in designing new oxygenation nanomaterials in this burgeneous field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Lai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Bangyue Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jiangwen Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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16
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Targeted nanomedicines remodeling immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4327-4347. [PMID: 36561994 PMCID: PMC9764075 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has significantly flourished and revolutionized the limited conventional tumor therapies, on account of its good safety and long-term memory ability. Discouragingly, low patient response rates and potential immune-related side effects make it rather challenging to literally bring immunotherapy from bench to bedside. However, it has become evident that, although the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in facilitating tumor progression and metastasis, it also provides various potential targets for remodeling the immunosuppressive TME, which can consequently bolster the effectiveness of antitumor response and tumor suppression. Additionally, the particular characteristics of TME, in turn, can be exploited as avenues for designing diverse precise targeting nanomedicines. In general, it is of urgent necessity to deliver nanomedicines for remodeling the immunosuppressive TME, thus improving the therapeutic outcomes and clinical translation prospects of immunotherapy. Herein, we will illustrate several formation mechanisms of immunosuppressive TME. More importantly, a variety of strategies concerning remodeling immunosuppressive TME and strengthening patients' immune systems, will be reviewed. Ultimately, we will discuss the existing obstacles and future perspectives in the development of antitumor immunotherapy. Hopefully, the thriving bloom of immunotherapy will bring vibrancy to further exploration of comprehensive cancer treatment.
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17
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Improvement of TNBC immune checkpoint blockade with a microwave-controlled ozone release nanosystem. J Control Release 2022; 351:954-969. [PMID: 36183970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Wang L, Jiang W, Su Y, Zhan M, Peng S, Liu H, Lu L. Self-Splittable Transcytosis Nanoraspberry for NIR-II Photo-Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy in Deep Tumor Tissue. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204067. [PMID: 36073839 PMCID: PMC9661837 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer photo-immunotherapy (CPIT) as an ideal strategy can rapidly release hostile signals by appropriate dosage of focal laser irradiation to unmask primary tumor immunogenicity and can activate adaptive immunity to control distant metastases. However, many factors, including disordered immunometabolism, poor penetration of photothermal agents and immuno-regulators, inadequate laser penetration into the deep tumor region, restrict the therapeutic outcomes of CPIT. Here, a second near-infrared window (NIR-II) photo-immunometabolic cancer therapy (PICT) by a programmed raspberry-structured nanoadjuvant (PRNMT ) is presented that can potentiates efficient immunogenic cell death (ICD) in deep tumor tissue and alleviates immunometabolic disorder. The PRNMT is architected through self-assembly of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor modified small-sized CuS nanoparticles (CuS5 ) and tumor microenvironment (TME) responsive cationized polymeric matrix. The TME can trigger the splitting and surface cationization of PRNMT into small cationized CuS5 that feature high transcytosis potential and TME immunometabolic regulation. Upon NIR-II irradiation, CuS5 induce homogeneous ICD and release immunometabolic regulator in deep tumor tissues, which ameliorates IDO-1 mediated immunometabolic disorder and further suppresses regulatory T cells infiltration. PRNMT mediated PICT effectively delays the primary murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 tumor growth and inhibits the lethal pulmonary metastasis in combination with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001P. R. China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and TreatmentZhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
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19
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Tian H, Zhang T, Qin S, Huang Z, Zhou L, Shi J, Nice EC, Xie N, Huang C, Shen Z. Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles for cancer treatment using versatile targeted strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:132. [PMID: 36096856 PMCID: PMC9469622 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor targeting of therapeutics leading to severe adverse effects on normal tissues is considered one of the obstacles in cancer therapy. To help overcome this, nanoscale drug delivery systems have provided an alternative avenue for improving the therapeutic potential of various agents and bioactive molecules through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Nanosystems with cancer-targeted ligands can achieve effective delivery to the tumor cells utilizing cell surface-specific receptors, the tumor vasculature and antigens with high accuracy and affinity. Additionally, stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms have also been considered as a promising and effective targeting strategy against tumors, as these nanoplatforms maintain their stealth feature under normal conditions, but upon homing in on cancerous lesions or their microenvironment, are responsive and release their cargoes. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the field of active targeting drug delivery systems and a number of stimuli-responsive release studies in the context of emerging nanoplatform development, and also discuss how this knowledge can contribute to further improvements in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiayan Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Edouard C Nice
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan university, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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20
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Ren M, Zheng X, Gao H, Jiang A, Yao Y, He W. Nanomedicines Targeting Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:943906. [PMID: 35992338 PMCID: PMC9388847 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.943906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to meet their growing demand for bioenergy and biosynthesis. The metabolic profile of cancer cells usually includes dysregulation of main nutritional metabolic pathways and the production of metabolites, which leads to a tumor microenvironment (TME) having the characteristics of acidity, hypoxic, and/or nutrient depletion. Therapies targeting metabolism have become an active and revolutionary research topic for anti-cancer drug development. The differential metabolic vulnerabilities between tumor cells and other cells within TME provide nanotechnology a therapeutic window of anti-cancer. In this review, we present the metabolic characteristics of intrinsic cancer cells and TME and summarize representative strategies of nanoparticles in metabolism-regulating anti-cancer therapy. Then, we put forward the challenges and opportunities of using nanoparticles in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Ren
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zheng
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Yao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Yao, ; Wangxiao He,
| | - Wangxiao He
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Yao, ; Wangxiao He,
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Li H, Deng C, Tan Y, Dong J, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yang X, Luo J, Gao H, Huang Y, Zhang ZR, Gong T. Chondroitin sulfate-based prodrug nanoparticles enhance photodynamic immunotherapy via Golgi apparatus targeting. Acta Biomater 2022; 146:357-369. [PMID: 35577045 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging therapeutic approach that can inhibit tumor growth by destroying local tumors and activating systemic antitumor immune responses. However, PDT can be ineffective because of photosensitizer aggregation, tumor-induced dendritic cells (DCS) dysfunction and PDT-mediated immunosuppression. Therefore, we designed chondroitin sulfate-based prodrug nanoparticles for the co-delivery of the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and retinoic acid (RA), which can reduce PDT-mediated immunosuppression by disrupting the Golgi apparatus and blocking the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. Moreover, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide was combined as immunoadjuvant to promote the maturation of DCs. As expected, the strategy of Golgi apparatus targeting immunotherapy combined PDT was confirmed to relieve PDT-induced immunosuppression, showed excellent PDT antitumor efficacy in B16F10-subcutaneous bearing mice model. Thus, our finding offers a promising approach for photodynamic immunotherapy of advanced cancers. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Golgi apparatus has been shown to be a potential target of immunosuppression for producing several immunosuppressive cytokines. In this work, a Golgi apparatus-targeted prodrug nanoparticle was developed to enhance the immune response in photodynamic immunotherapy. The nanoparticle can target and disrupt the Golgi apparatus in tumor cells, which reduced PDT-mediated immunosuppression by blocking the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. This work provides an effective strategy of PDT in combination with the Golgi apparatus-targeted nanovesicle for enhanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caifeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yulu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jianxia Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology and Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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22
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Guo H, Liu F, Liu E, Wei S, Sun W, Liu B, Sun G, Lu L. Dual-responsive nano-prodrug micelles for MRI-guided tumor PDT and immune synergistic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:4261-4273. [PMID: 35583206 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02790e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Micelles as nanocarriers not only offer new opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment of malignant cancers but also encounter numerous barriers in the path of efficient delivery of drugs to diseased areas in the body. To address these issues, we developed a pH/GSH responsive nano-prodrug micelle (NLG919/PGA-Cys-PPA@Gd) with a high drug-loading ratio and controlled drug release performance for MRI-guided tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) and immune synergistic therapy. Under normal conditions, theranostic nanomicelles remained stable and in a photo-quenched state. Upon accumulation in the tumor site, however, the micelles demonstrated tumor microenvironment (TME) triggered photoactive formed-PPA (a photosensitizer) and NLG919 (an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor) release because the amide bonds of PGA-Cys-PPA and the disulfide linkage of Cys were sensitive to pH and GSH, respectively. More importantly, these micelles could avoid the undesired PPA leakage in blood circulation due to the conjugation between PPA and polymers. Furthermore, the obtained micelles could also enhance the contrast of T1-weighted MRI of tumors by virtue of their high relaxivity (r1 = 29.85 mM-1 s-1). In vitro and in vivo results illustrated that the micelles had good biocompatibility and biosafety. On the basis of the efficient drug delivery strategies in PDT and IDO pathway inhibition, this intelligent dual-drug delivery system could serve as an effective approach for MRI guided combination therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China. .,Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Enqi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China. .,Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Baoqiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China. .,Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guoying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China. .,Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lehui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
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23
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Sivasubramanian M, Lo LW. Assessment of Nanoparticle-Mediated Tumor Oxygen Modulation by Photoacoustic Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:336. [PMID: 35624636 PMCID: PMC9138624 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an invaluable tool in biomedical imaging, as it provides anatomical and functional information in real time. Its ability to image at clinically relevant depths with high spatial resolution using endogenous tissues as contrast agents constitutes its major advantage. One of the most important applications of PAI is to quantify tissue oxygen saturation by measuring the differential absorption characteristics of oxy and deoxy Hb. Consequently, PAI can be utilized to monitor tumor-related hypoxia, which is a crucial factor in tumor microenvironments that has a strong influence on tumor invasiveness. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based therapies, such as photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, and sonodynamic therapy, are oxygen-consuming, and tumor hypoxia is detrimental to their efficacy. Therefore, a persistent demand exists for agents that can supply oxygen to tumors for better ROS-based therapeutic outcomes. Among the various strategies, NP-mediated supplemental tumor oxygenation is especially encouraging due to its physio-chemical, tumor targeting, and theranostic properties. Here, we focus on NP-based tumor oxygenation, which includes NP as oxygen carriers and oxygen-generating strategies to alleviate hypoxia monitored by PAI. The information obtained from quantitative tumor oxygenation by PAI not only supports optimal therapeutic design but also serves as a highly effective tool to predict therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leu-Wei Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan;
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24
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Li Q, Liu Y, Huang Z, Guo Y, Li Q. Triggering Immune System With Nanomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:878524. [PMID: 35497343 PMCID: PMC9046726 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.878524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of incidence rate and mortality worldwide. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has made great progress in the preclinical and clinical treatment of advanced malignant tumors. However, cancer patients will have transient cancer suppression reaction and serious immune related adverse reactions when receiving immunotherapy. In recent years, nanoparticle-based immunotherapy, which can accurately deliver immunogens, activate antigen presenting cells (APCs) and effector cells, provides a new insight to solve the above problems. In this review, we discuss the research progress of nanomaterials in immunotherapy including nanoparticle-based delivery systems, nanoparticle-based photothermal and photodynamic immunotherapy, nanovaccines, nanoparticle-based T cell cancer immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based bacteria cancer immunotherapy. We also put forward the current challenges and prospects of immunomodulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yajie Guo
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingjiao Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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25
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Du L, He H, Xiao Z, Xiao H, An Y, Zhong H, Lin M, Meng X, Han S, Shuai X. GSH-Responsive Metal-Organic Framework for Intratumoral Release of NO and IDO Inhibitor to Enhance Antitumor Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107732. [PMID: 35218310 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy brings great benefits for tumor therapy in clinical treatments but encounters the severe challenge of low response rate mainly because of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Multifunctional nanoplatforms integrating effective drug delivery and medical imaging offer tremendous potential for cancer treatment, which may play a critical role in combinational immunotherapy to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment for efficient tumor therapy. Here, a nanodrug (BMS-SNAP-MOF) is prepared using glutathione (GSH)-sensitive metal-organic framework (MOF) to encapsulate an immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor BMS-986205, and the nitric oxide (NO) donor s-nitrosothiol groups. The high T1 relaxivity allows magnetic resonance imaging to monitor nanodrug distribution in vivo. After the nanodrug accumulation in tumor tissue via the EPR effect and subsequent internalization into tumor cells, the enriched GSH therein triggers cascade reactions with MOF, which disassembles the nanodrug to rapidly release the IDO-inhibitory BMS-986205 and produces abundant NO. Consequently, the IDO inhibitor and NO synergistically modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with increase CD8+ T cells and reduce Treg cells to result in highly effective immunotherapy. In an animal study, treatment using this theranostic nanodrug achieves obvious regressions of both primary and distant 4T1 tumors, highlighting its application potential in advanced tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Du
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Haozhe He
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Department of pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zecong Xiao
- Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Huihai Zhong
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Minzhao Lin
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaochun Meng
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Shisong Han
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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26
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Guo R, Liu Y, Xu N, Ling G, Zhang P. Multifunctional nanomedicines for synergistic photodynamic immunotherapy based on tumor immune microenvironment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 173:103-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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27
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Engineered nanomaterials for synergistic photo-immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2022; 282:121425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Lee D, Kwon S, Jang SY, Park E, Lee Y, Koo H. Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles. Bioact Mater 2022; 8:20-34. [PMID: 34541384 PMCID: PMC8424083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx of attention as drug carriers, and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor tissue. Physicochemical optimization for passive targeting, ligand modification for active targeting, and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor tissue. Various trials using upconversion NPs, two-photon lasers, X-rays, and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep tissue. Attempts have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation, Fenton reaction, and combination with other chemical drugs. In this review, we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in tumors. In particular, the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyun Lee
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonmin Kwon
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-young Jang
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Park
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Lee
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Heebeom Koo
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, and Catholic Photomedicine Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
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Dual-Sensitive Gold-Nanocubes Platform with Synergistic Immunotherapy for Inducing Immune Cycle Using NIR-Mediated PTT/NO/IDO. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020138. [PMID: 35215251 PMCID: PMC8880079 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the combination therapies based on immunotherapy have been rapidly developed, but the response rate has not always increased as expected. Nano-platform has become a potential strategy which can trigger multi-functions to increase immunotherapeutic efficacy via activating T-cells and photothermal effect. Herein, to avoid the self-degradation and provide pH-sensitive property, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was loaded in gold nanocubes (AuNCs) with polyacrylic acid (PAA) coating. Subsequently, the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and betanin can provide the conjugation of 1-methyl-D-tryptophan (1-M-DT) on the nanoparticle to form an NO gas-photothermal-immune nano-platform (GAPFBD) for achieving combinatory therapy of NO gas, photothermal therapy (PTT), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) immunotherapy. After irradiation by 808-nm laser, the GSNO was released under a lower pH environment due to the structural transformation of PAA and then transformed into NO production of 64.5 ± 1.6% under PTT. The combination of PTT and NO gas therapy can effectively eliminate cancer cells, resulting in a large amount of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) compared to the individual treatment in vitro. Additionally, the released 1-M-DT inhibited IDO and combined with TAAs to enhance maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), indicating the excellent synergistic effect of PTT and NO with IDO inhibitors. These results revealed that this dual-sensitive nanoparticle presented a combination strategy of PTT/NO/IDO for the synergistic effect to promote DC maturation.
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30
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Ji B, Wei M, Yang B. Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy. Theranostics 2022; 12:434-458. [PMID: 34987658 PMCID: PMC8690913 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to immunotherapy because of a powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity of tumors. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can not only directly kill tumor cells, but also elicit immunogenic cell death (ICD), providing antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, limitations from the inherent nature and complex TME significantly reduce the efficiency of PDT. Recently, smart nanomedicine-based strategies could subtly modulate the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic compounds and the TME to optimize both PDT and immunotherapy, resulting in an improved antitumor effect. Here, the emerging nanomedicines for PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are reviewed, including hypoxia-reversed nanomedicines, nanosized metal-organic frameworks, and subcellular targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, we highlight the synergistic nanotherapeutics used to amplify immune responses combined with immunotherapy against tumors. Lastly, the challenges and future expectations in the field of PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ji
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
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31
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Distinct Hypoxia-Related Gene Profiling Characterizes Clinicopathological Features and Immune Status of Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colon Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:2427427. [PMID: 34917146 PMCID: PMC8670907 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2427427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite dramatic responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with colon cancer (CC) harboring deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), more than half of these patients ultimately progress and experience primary or secondary drug resistance. There is no useful biomarker that is currently validated to accurately predict this resistance or stratify patients who may benefit from ICI-based immunotherapy. As hypoxic and acidic tumor microenvironment would greatly impair tumor-suppressing functions of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we sought to explore distinct immunological phenotypes by analysis of the intratumoral hypoxia state using a well-established gene signature. Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (n = 88) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 49) databases of patients with CC, we found that dMMR CC patients could be separated into normoxia subgroup (NS) and hypoxia subgroup (HS) with different levels of expression of hypoxia-related genes (lower in NS group and higher in HS group) using NMF package. Tumoral parenchyma in the HS group had a relatively lower level of immune cell infiltration, particularly CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages than the NS group, and coincided with higher expression of immune checkpoint molecules and C-X-C motif chemokines, which might be associated with ICI resistance and prognosis. Furthermore, three genes, namely, MT1E, MT2A, and MAFF, were identified to be differentially expressed between NS and HS groups in both GEO and TCGA cohorts. Based on these genes, a prognostic model with stable and valuable predicting ability has been built for clinical application. In conclusion, the varying tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) classified by hypoxia-related genes might be closely associated with different therapeutic responses of ICIs and prognosis of dMMR CC patients.
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32
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Zhu F, Xu L, Li X, Li Z, Wang J, Chen H, Li X, Gao Y. Co-delivery of gefitinib and hematoporphyrin by aptamer-modified fluorinated dendrimer for hypoxia alleviation and enhanced synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy of NSCLC. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106004. [PMID: 34520834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs)-based molecular targeted therapy are proved to be effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation, its efficacy is limited by the acquired drug resistance. The combination of EGFR-TKIs with photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been explored to combat NSCLC with promising synergistic results. However, hypoxic tumor microenvironment is associated with the development of EGFR-TKIs resistance and severely limits the efficacy of PDT. Here, we synthesized an aptamer modified fluorinated dendrimer (APF) as a drug carrier and prepared nanocomplexes APFHG by encapsulation of gefitinib (Gef) and hematoporphyrin (Hp). APF has good oxygen-carrying capacity, high drug entrapment efficiency, and could release Gef and Hp in response to intracellular pH. APF can specifically recognize EGFR-positive NSCLC cells and effectively improve the tumor hypoxic microenvironment due to the targeting effect of aptamer and the good oxygen-carrying capacity of the fluorinated dendrimer. Under the laser irradiation, APFHG can significantly increase the production of the intracellular reactive oxygen species and produce a synergistic therapeutic effect in inhibition of cellular growth and induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on both Gef-sensitive and Gef-resistant EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells through PDT/molecular targeted therapy. This work indicates that fluorinated dendrimer could be a potent drug delivery platform to overcome hypoxia-related resistance and the co-delivery of EGFR-TKI and photosensitizer by the fluorinated dendrimer could be a promising therapeutic approach for reversal of EGFR-TKIs resistance in EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyin Zhu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xudong Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ziying Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Xiumei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
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Wu C, Xu J, Xie Z, Huang H, Li N, Wei X, Li T, Yang H, Li S, Qin X, Liu Y. Light-responsive hyaluronic acid nanomicelles co-loaded with an IDO inhibitor focus targeted photoimmunotherapy against "immune cold" cancer. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:8019-8031. [PMID: 34718362 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine enabled cancer combination immunotherapy not only sufficiently activates the host immune system, but also reprograms the immunosuppressive microenvironment, representing a new generation approach to treat cancer. Herein, we demonstrated a targeted photo- and immune-active nanoplatform termed NLG919@HA-Ce6 to simultaneously elicit efficient immunogenic cell death (ICD) using the photosensitizer Ce6 and modulate the tryptophan metabolic pathway using an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor NLG919 for the combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Against the triple-negative and poorly immunogenic 4T1 breast cancer model, the stable spherical nanomicelle NLG919@HA-Ce6 selectively killed tumour cells via the toxic singlet oxygen upon laser excitation, thus in situ triggering a potent antitumor immune response, as seen via the obvious CRT exposure, ATP release, dendritic cell maturation, etc. Meanwhile, the IDO1-mediated immunosuppression was effectively reprogrammed to an immunostimulatory phenotype, which was accompanied by an enhanced cytotoxic T cell response as well as reduced Treg infiltration in tumour bed. Ultimately, the 4T1 tumour was synergistically suppressed by NLG919@HA-Ce6 due to the outcome of focused PDT, obvious ICD post PDT and IDO1 blockade. This study suggests the promise of NLG919@HA-Ce6 as an alternative simple, stimulative and targeted nanoagent to enable the whole-body photo-immune therapy against "immune cold" cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Wu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Jiming Xu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Zhengxin Xie
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Honglin Huang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Ningxi Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaodan Wei
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Xiang Qin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China.
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P.R. China. .,TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P.R. China
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Ding L, Wu Y, Wu M, Zhao Q, Li H, Liu J, Liu X, Zhang X, Zeng Y. Engineered Red Blood Cell Biomimetic Nanovesicle with Oxygen Self-Supply for Near-Infrared-II Fluorescence-Guided Synergetic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy against Hypoxic Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:52435-52449. [PMID: 34705421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The low bioavailability of photosensitizers (PSs) and the hypoxia nature of tumors often limit the efficacy of current photodynamic therapy (PDT). Therefore, improving the utilization of three essential components (PS, light, and O2) in tumors will enhance PDT efficacy substantially. Herein, we have developed a red blood cell (RBC) biomimetic theranostic nanovesicle (named SPN-Hb@RBCM) with improved photostability, accumulation of PSs, and oxygen self-supply ability to enhance PDT efficacy upon near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. Such a biomimetic nanovesicle was prepared by a red blood cell membrane (RBCM)-camouflaged hemoglobin (Hb)-linked semiconducting polymer nanoparticle (SPN-Hb). The RBCM coating enables the long-term circulation of SPN-Hb due to the membrane-mediated immune evasion, allowing for more effective PS accumulation in tumors. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, the photostable SPN can serve as both a photodynamic and a second-near-infrared-window (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging agent; meanwhile, the conjugated Hb can be used as an oxygen carrier to relieve tumor hypoxia for enhancing PDT efficacy. In addition, Hb can also react with the tumor microenvironment overproduced H2O2 to generate cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OHs) for chemodynamic therapy (CDT), which further achieve synergistic effects for PDT. Thus, this study proposed a promising biomimetic theranostic nanoagent for enhancing tumor oxygenation and NIR-II fluorescence-guided synergetic CDT/PDT against hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Ming Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Qingfu Zhao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- School of Rare Earths, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P. R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
- Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, P. R. China
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Lu Y, Xu F, Wang Y, Shi C, Sha Y, He G, Yao Q, Shao K, Sun W, Du J, Fan J, Peng X. Cancer immunogenic cell death via photo-pyroptosis with light-sensitive Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitor conjugate. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121167. [PMID: 34624752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy currently considered as to be effective way to cure cancer in clinic. However, the insufficient tumor immunogenicity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment always result in diminished efficacy of immunotherapy. Herein, we report the synthesis of an organic photo-immune activator NBS-1MT, the combination of photosensitizer and Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor effectively stimulates lysosomes oxidative stress the releases inflammatory cytokines. This process triggers pyroptosis for the considerable immunogenic cell death (ICD) while reversing suppressive tumor microenvironment. The photo-immune drug shows outstanding potential to activate caspase-1and then remove gasdermin-D (GSDMD), which could stimulate pyroptosis and also inhibit the tumor growth successfully in both primary and distant tumor. Furthermore, pyroptosis activated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) promotes the immune related factors release, and enhance the intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) with the induction of ICD of tumor cells and the cascaded synergize with IDO inhibitor, so the general antitumor immune response could be strengthened effectively. Our research confirms that the use of NBS-1MT is a promising strategy to boost the immune response and eventually to inhibit tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Chao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Yuzhuo Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Guangli He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Qichao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Kun Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China.
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Novel amphiphilic fluorine-containing nanocarriers for oxygen self-sufficiency "AND" GSH depletion sequentially to enhance photodynamic therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112341. [PMID: 34474891 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to maximize the retention of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy, while avoiding the dilemma of hypoxia and high reducing substances in tumor tissue, fluoropolymers were synthesized in a simple and effective methods. Fluorous effect with good oxygen carrying capacity was endowed by the fluorine-containing section in fluoropolymers and the perfluorodecalin (PFD) together, the reaction site with GSH was provided by the disulfide bond, which enhanced PDT efficiency through the sequential "AND" logic gate design. Two kind of fluorine-containing nanocarriers (M-Ce6 and E-Ce6) were obtained by solvent evaporation or ultrasound emulsification with PFD, respectively. In vitro, both of them showed promising high ROS generation under photoirradiation. Benefiting by cavitation effects, E-Ce6 had a more significant statistical difference in cellular uptake. Furthermore, the cells incubating with E-Ce6 hardly were noticed that the hypoxia signal appeared under hypoxia, while reducing the intracellular GSH content by more than 15%. Through the sequential "AND" logic gate design, ROS production even under hypoxia and GSH conditions of E-Ce6 was also almost 1.5 times that of Ce6 under normoxia. Enhancing effect of E-Ce6 was 13.47 times and 6.85 times, while selectivity ratio reached 5.13 times and 4.81 times compared with Ce6 and M-Ce6. The two-pronged strategy showed a high potential for delivering the Ce6 to deep inside of cancer cells and killing it in the simulated tumor by PDT. These above results demonstrated the potential of E-Ce6, as oxygen self-sufficiency and GSH depletion nanocarriers for combined enhancement of photodynamic therapy.
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Gao S, Yang X, Xu J, Qiu N, Zhai G. Nanotechnology for Boosting Cancer Immunotherapy and Remodeling Tumor Microenvironment: The Horizons in Cancer Treatment. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12567-12603. [PMID: 34339170 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy that harnesses the human immune system to fight cancer has received widespread attention and become a mainstream strategy for cancer treatment. Cancer immunotherapy not only eliminates primary tumors but also treats metastasis and recurrence, representing a major advantage over traditional cancer treatments. Recently with the development of nanotechnology, there exists much work applying nanomaterials to cancer immunotherapy on the basis of their excellent physiochemical properties, such as efficient tissue-specific delivery function, huge specific surface area, and controllable surface chemistry. Consequently, nanotechnology holds significant potential in improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Nanotechnology-based immunotherapy mainly manifests its inhibitory effect on tumors via two different approaches: one is to produce an effective anti-tumor immune response during tumorigenesis, and the other is to enhance tumor immune defense ability by modulating the immune suppression mechanism in the tumor microenvironment. With the success of tumor immunotherapy, understanding the interaction between the immune system and smart nanomedicine has provided vigorous vitality for the development of cancer treatment. This review highlights the application, progress, and prospect of nanomedicine in the process of tumor immunoediting and also discusses several engineering methods to improve the efficiency of tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jiangkang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Na Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan 250012, China
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Cong C, He Y, Zhao S, Zhang X, Li L, Wang D, Liu L, Gao D. Diagnostic and therapeutic nanoenzymes for enhanced chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3925-3934. [PMID: 33942817 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02791j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes, as a kind of artificial mimic enzymes, have superior catalytic capacity and stability. As lack of O2 in tumor cells can cause resistance to drugs, we designed drug delivery liposomes (MnO2-PTX/Ce6@lips) loaded with catalase-like nanozymes of manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2 NPs), paclitaxel (PTX) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) to consume tumor's native H2O2 and produce O2. Based on the catalysis of MnO2 NPs, a large amount of oxygen was produced by MnO2-PTX/Ce6@lips to burst the liposomes and achieve a responsive release of the loaded drug (paclitaxel), and the released O2 relieved the chemoresistance of tumor cells and provided raw materials for photodynamic therapy. Subsequently, MnO2 NPs were decomposed into Mn2+ in an acidic tumor environment to be used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. The MnO2-PTX/Ce6@lips enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in bearing-tumor mice, even achieving complete cure. These results indicated the great potential of MnO2-PTX/Ce6@lips for the modulation of the TME and the enhancement of chemotherapy and PDT along with MRI tracing in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Yuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Shuxian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Xuwu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Desong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China.
| | - Dawei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Applying Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Heavy metal deep remediation in water and resource reuse Key Lab of Hebei, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
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Krafft MP, Riess JG. Therapeutic oxygen delivery by perfluorocarbon-based colloids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102407. [PMID: 34120037 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
After the protocol-related indecisive clinical trial of Oxygent, a perfluorooctylbromide/phospholipid nanoemulsion, in cardiac surgery, that often unduly assigned the observed untoward effects to the product, the development of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based O2 nanoemulsions ("blood substitutes") has come to a low. Yet, significant further demonstrations of PFC O2-delivery efficacy have continuously been reported, such as relief of hypoxia after myocardial infarction or stroke; protection of vital organs during surgery; potentiation of O2-dependent cancer therapies, including radio-, photodynamic-, chemo- and immunotherapies; regeneration of damaged nerve, bone or cartilage; preservation of organ grafts destined for transplantation; and control of gas supply in tissue engineering and biotechnological productions. PFC colloids capable of augmenting O2 delivery include primarily injectable PFC nanoemulsions, microbubbles and phase-shift nanoemulsions. Careful selection of PFC and other colloid components is critical. The basics of O2 delivery by PFC nanoemulsions will be briefly reminded. Improved knowledge of O2 delivery mechanisms has been acquired. Advanced, size-adjustable O2-delivering nanoemulsions have been designed that have extended room-temperature shelf-stability. Alternate O2 delivery options are being investigated that rely on injectable PFC-stabilized microbubbles or phase-shift PFC nanoemulsions. The latter combine prolonged circulation in the vasculature, capacity for penetrating tumor tissues, and acute responsiveness to ultrasound and other external stimuli. Progress in microbubble and phase-shift emulsion engineering, control of phase-shift activation (vaporization), understanding and control of bubble/ultrasound/tissue interactions is discussed. Control of the phase-shift event and of microbubble size require utmost attention. Further PFC-based colloidal systems, including polymeric micelles, PFC-loaded organic or inorganic nanoparticles and scaffolds, have been devised that also carry substantial amounts of O2. Local, on-demand O2 delivery can be triggered by external stimuli, including focused ultrasound irradiation or tumor microenvironment. PFC colloid functionalization and targeting can help adjust their properties for specific indications, augment their efficacy, improve safety profiles, and expand the range of their indications. Many new medical and biotechnological applications involving fluorinated colloids are being assessed, including in the clinic. Further uses of PFC-based colloidal nanotherapeutics will be briefly mentioned that concern contrast diagnostic imaging, including molecular imaging and immune cell tracking; controlled delivery of therapeutic energy, as for noninvasive surgical ablation and sonothrombolysis; and delivery of drugs and genes, including across the blood-brain barrier. Even when the fluorinated colloids investigated are designed for other purposes than O2 supply, they will inevitably also carry and deliver a certain amount of O2, and may thus be considered for O2 delivery or co-delivery applications. Conversely, O2-carrying PFC nanoemulsions possess by nature a unique aptitude for 19F MR imaging, and hence, cell tracking, while PFC-stabilized microbubbles are ideal resonators for ultrasound contrast imaging and can undergo precise manipulation and on-demand destruction by ultrasound waves, thereby opening multiple theranostic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pierre Krafft
- University of Strasbourg, Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jean G Riess
- Harangoutte Institute, 68160 Ste Croix-aux-Mines, France
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Jiang Z, He L, Yu X, Yang Z, Wu W, Wang X, Mao R, Cui D, Chen X, Li W. Antiangiogenesis Combined with Inhibition of the Hypoxia Pathway Facilitates Low-Dose, X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11112-11125. [PMID: 34170115 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (XPDT) is overwhelmingly superior in treating deep-seated cancers. However, limitations remain, owing to a combination of the poor scintillation performance of the nanoscintillator, low energy transfer efficiency of the therapeutic nanoplatform, and hypoxic environment presented in the tumor tissue. Collectively, these reduce the curative effect of XPDT. Here, we report a highly efficient, low-dose XPDT realized by systematic optimization from scintillation efficiency, nanoplatform structure, to therapeutic approach. We developed a biocompatible, codoped CaF2 nanoscintillator that emitted sufficiently green radioluminescence that was bright enough to be seen by the naked eye. Using dendrimers as a framework, we built a nanoplatform featuring a dual-core-satellite architecture, which enabled both procedurally and spatially separate dual-loading of therapeutic agents. This strategy allowed for the fabrication of a combined XPDT and antiangiogenic therapy, resulting in a therapeutic system capable of simultaneous tumor attacks. After exposure to ultralow dose radiation, XPDT resulted in marked tumor reduction while the antiangiogenic drug effectively blocked tumor vascularization exacerbated by XPDT-mediated hypoxia, rendering a pronounced synergy effect. This system also showed high biosafety, as the agents adopted had been used clinically and both Ca and F elements were widespread in the human body. Taken together, the findings presented here provided a reference for the construction of complex, multiloading architecture in coordination with structural complexity and functional diversification. This work provided a safer and more robust application of the combined XPDT and antiangiogenesis in future clinical treatment settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jiang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Liangrui He
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xujiang Yu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Weijie Wu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Rihua Mao
- Laboratory for Advanced Scintillation Materials & Performance, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, PR China
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Instrument, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore
| | - Wanwan Li
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Huang L, Asghar S, Zhu T, Ye P, Hu Z, Chen Z, Xiao Y. Advances in chlorin-based photodynamic therapy with nanoparticle delivery system for cancer treatment. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1473-1500. [PMID: 34253129 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1950685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The treatment of tumors is one of the most difficult problems in the medical field at present. Patients often use a comprehensive therapy that combines surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has prominent potential for eradicating various cancers. Chlorin-based photosensitizers (PSs), as one of the most utilized photosensitizers, have many advantages over conventional photosensitizers; however, a successful chlorin-based PDT needs multi-functional nano-carriers for selective photosensitizer delivery. The number of researches about nanoparticles designed for improved chlorin-based PSs is increasing in the current era. In this article, we give a brief review focused on the recent research progress in design of chlorin-based nanoparticles for the treatment of malignant tumors with photodynamic therapy.Areas covered: This review focuses on the current nanoparticle platforms for PDT, and describes different strategies to achieve controllable PDT by chlorin-nano-delivery systems. The challenges and prospects of PDT in clinical applications are also discussed.Expert opinions: The requirement for PDT to eradicate cancers has increased exponentially in recent years. The major clinically used photosensitizers are hydrophobic. The main obstacles in effective delivery of PSs are associated with this intrinsic nature. The design of nano-delivery systems to load PSs is pivotal for PSs' widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Panting Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Ziyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR, China
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Liu Z, Wu M, Lan M, Zhang W. Boosting cancer therapy efficiency via photoinduced radical production. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9500-9505. [PMID: 34349925 PMCID: PMC8278883 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01220g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Current cancer therapy has been restricted by the hypoxic microenvironment of tumors, especially for strongly oxygen-dependent photodynamic therapy. To defeat tumor hypoxia, an oxygen-irrelevant radical nanogenerator, PI/FBC, is developed by the co-assembly of iodized polymer PI and NIR photosensitizer FBC, and further evaluated as a remote controllable free radical generation platform for enhancing antitumor efficiency. The PI/FBC radical nanogenerator can be excited by NIR light to produce ROS through transfer of energy to oxygen and induce the formation of toxic iodine radicals via electron transfer to PI. Notably, unlike conventional tumor treatments, such a radical nanogenerator is controllable and insusceptible to oxygen concentration. Moreover, benefiting from the strong NIR emission of FBC, the distribution of the PI/FBC radical nanogenerator can be monitored without incorporating other imaging agents. This PI/FBC radical nanogenerator treatment will no doubt broaden the family of antitumor strategies by using non-oxygen radicals, which is significant for reference in the development of promising anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Mengsi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Minbo Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
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Zhang D, Jiang L, Liu C. A convergent synthetic platform for polymeric nanoparticle for the treatment of combination colorectal cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1835-1848. [PMID: 34121628 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1941556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In biomaterials and drug delivery, the development of polymeric therapies capable of the synchronized release of several therapeutic agents remains an important challenge. In this article, we describe the development of polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) with precise molar ratios of Curcumin (CUR) and Methotrexate (MEX). The highly symmetric synthetic approach allows for the development of novel NPs-based combination therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer. The fabricated CUR/MEX@PNPs were confirmed by transmission microscopy (TEM) and the size and polydispersity index were assessed through the dynamic light scattering (DLS). CUR and MEX were released slowly from the drug delivery without any burst impact. Furthermore, CUR/MEX@PNPs exhibited dose-responsive cytotoxic effects in CL40 and SW1417 cells, with a greater cell death ratio than that of free drugs. The drugs-loaded polymeric nanomaterials were more easily taken up by cancer cells in vitro, according to the cellular uptake analysis. The apoptotic features were confirmed by various fluorescence staining assay. The results of the fluorescent assay reveal that the nanomaterials remarkably induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Further, the apoptosis cell death mechanism was displayed that these nanomaterials significantly induce apoptosis in the targeted cancer cells. Overall, the current investigation confirmed that CUR/MEX@PNPs could be used to successfully combat colorectal cancers in the immediate future.HighlightsWe have developed the Curcumin (CUR) and Methotrexate (MEX) encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles (CUR/MEX@PNPs).CUR/MEX@PNPs confirmed by the various analytical methods.CUR/MEX@PNPs enhanced the in vitro proliferation against the colorectal cancer cells.Biochemical analysis results reveals that CUR/MEX@PNPs induce apoptosis.The apoptosis was confirmed by Annexin-V-FITC and PI for flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Zhang
- Department of Anorectal, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R.China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Medical Clinical Laboratory, Rongcheng People's Hospital, Weihai, Shandong Province, P.R.China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, P.R.China
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Balakrishnan PB, Sweeney EE, Ramanujam AS, Fernandes R. Photothermal therapies to improve immune checkpoint blockade for cancer. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 37:34-49. [PMID: 33426992 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1797190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) comprising monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against immune 'checkpoints', such as CTLA-4 and the PD1/PDL1 axis have dramatically improved clinical outcomes for patients with cancer. However, ICB by itself has failed to provide benefit in a wide range of solid tumors, where recurrence still occurs with high incidence. These poor response rates may be due to the therapeutic shortcomings of ICB; namely, a lack of cancer-specific cytotoxicity and ability to debulk tumors. To overcome these limitations, effective ICB therapy may require the combination with other complementary therapeutic platforms. Here, we propose that photothermal therapy (PTT) is an ideal therapeutic modality for combination with ICB because it can generate both tumor-specific cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. PTT elicits these specific effects because it is a localized thermal ablation technique that utilizes light-responsive nanoparticles activated by a wavelength-matched laser. While ICB immunotherapy alone improves cancer immunogenicity but does not generate robust antitumor cytotoxicity, nanoparticle-based PTT elicits targeted and controlled cytotoxicity but sub-optimal long-term immunogenicity. Thus, the two platforms offer complementary and potentially synergistic antitumor effects, which will be detailed in this review. We highlight three classes of nanoparticles used as agents of PTT (i.e., metallic inorganic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles and organic dyes), and illustrate the potential for nanoparticle-based PTT to potentiate the effects of ICB in preclinical models. Through this discussion, we aim to present PTT combined with ICB as a potent synergistic combination treatment for diverse cancer types currently refractory to ICB as well as PTT monotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi B Balakrishnan
- The George Washington Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Sweeney
- The George Washington Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anvitha S Ramanujam
- The George Washington Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Rohan Fernandes
- The George Washington Cancer Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,The Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Tseng TH, Chen CY, Wu WC, Chen CY. Targeted and oxygen-enriched polymeric micelles for enhancing photodynamic therapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:365102. [PMID: 34137736 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac020d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been emerged as an alternative therapeutic modality in treatment of several malignant tumors. However, the therapeutic efficacy of PDT is often limited by the solubility of photosensitizers, tumor hypoxia and lack of target specificity to cancer cells. In this study, we developed a folate-conjugated fluorinated polymeric micelle (PFFA) to deliver the hydrophobic photosensitizer (chlorin e6, Ce6) to overcome these limitations. The fluorinated micelles exhibit the low critical micelle concentration, good long-term stability, higher oxygen-carrying capacity and better singlet oxygen generation efficiency compared to non-fluorinated micelles, indicating the potential to improve the PDT efficacy in hypoxic conditions. Cytotoxicity of PDT effect and cellular uptake demonstrate the higher cell growth inhibition to HeLa cells upon irradiation attributed to the selective internalization of Ce6-loaded PFFA micelles (PFFA-Ce6). All results demonstrate the PFFA-Ce6 micelles with targeting function and oxygen-carrying capacity can serve as a promising drug delivery system for hydrophobic photosensitizers and improvement on PDT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Han Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, 62102, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, 62102, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi County, 62102, Taiwan
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Min JS, Hong JY, Lim YG, Ahn JW, Park K. Oxygen-generating glycol chitosan-manganese dioxide nanoparticles enhance the photodynamic effects of chlorin e6 on activated macrophages in hypoxic conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:20-28. [PMID: 34118287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the use of glycol chitosan (GC) for the synthesis of MnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and to evaluate whether the prepared GC-MnO2 NPs enhance the light-triggered photodynamic effects of chlorin e6 (Ce6) via the generation of oxygen and alleviation of hypoxia in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages (RAW 264.7), which produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). GC-MnO2 NPs were synthesized by a simple reaction between GC and KMnO4 in water. The prepared GC-MnO2 NPs were spherical in shape, with a mean diameter of approximately 60 nm. The particles effectively generated oxygen via H2O2-induced degradation under hypoxic conditions, which led to an increase in the singlet oxygen levels upon laser irradiation. Furthermore, GC-MnO2 NPs significantly enhanced the light-triggered photodynamic effects of Ce6 on activated macrophages under hypoxic conditions, as shown by the increased levels of cell death and cell membrane damage in activated macrophages. Therefore, these results suggest that GC can be used as an alternative natural polymer for the synthesis of MnO2 NPs and that oxygen-generating GC-MnO2 NPs enhance the light-triggered photodynamic effects of Ce6 on activated macrophages by alleviating hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Seon Min
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Hong
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Geun Lim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Ahn
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongsoon Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Shrestha B, Wang L, Brey EM, Uribe GR, Tang L. Smart Nanoparticles for Chemo-Based Combinational Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:853. [PMID: 34201333 PMCID: PMC8227511 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous and complex disease. Traditional cancer therapy is associated with low therapeutic index, acquired resistance, and various adverse effects. With the increasing understanding of cancer biology and technology advancements, more strategies have been exploited to optimize the therapeutic outcomes. The rapid development and application of nanomedicine have motivated this progress. Combinational regimen, for instance, has become an indispensable approach for effective cancer treatment, including the combination of chemotherapeutic agents, chemo-energy, chemo-gene, chemo-small molecules, and chemo-immunology. Additionally, smart nanoplatforms that respond to external stimuli (such as light, temperature, ultrasound, and magnetic field), and/or to internal stimuli (such as changes in pH, enzymes, hypoxia, and redox) have been extensively investigated to improve precision therapy. Smart nanoplatforms for combinational therapy have demonstrated the potential to be the next generation cancer treatment regimen. This review aims to highlight the recent advances in smart combinational therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Romero Uribe
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (B.S.); (L.W.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Liang Tang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (B.S.); (L.W.); (E.M.B.)
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Zhang Y, Qiu N, Zhang Y, Yan H, Ji J, Xi Y, Yang X, Zhao X, Zhai G. Oxygen-carrying nanoparticle-based chemo-sonodynamic therapy for tumor suppression and autoimmunity activation. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3989-4004. [PMID: 33908449 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a promising non-invasive approach for cancer therapy. However, tumor hypoxia, a pathological characteristic of most solid tumor types, poses a major challenge in the application of SDT. In this study, a novel CD44 receptor-targeted and redox/ultrasound-responsive oxygen-carrying nanoplatform was constructed using chondroitin sulfate (CS), reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating sonosensitizer Rhein (Rh), and perfluorocarbon (PFC). Perfluoroalkyl groups introduced into the structures preserved the oxygen carrying ability of PFC, increasing the oxygen content in B16F10 melanoma cells and enhancing the efficiency of SDT. Controlled nanoparticles without PFC generated lower ROS levels and exerted inferior tumor inhibition effects, both in vitro and in vivo, under ultrasound-treatment. In addition, SDT promoted immunogenic cell death (ICD) by inducing exposure of calreticulin (CRT) after treatment with CS-Rh-PFC nanoparticles (NPs). The immune system was significantly activated by docetaxel (DTX)-loaded NPs after SDT treatment due to the enhanced secretion of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6 cytokines and tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cell contents. Our findings support the utility of CS-Rh-PFC as an effective anti-tumor nanoplatform that promotes general immunity and accommodates multiple hydrophobic drugs to enhance the beneficial effects of chemo-SDT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Na Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Huixian Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Yanwei Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China.
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Li F, Sheng J, Xu C, Li D, Yu H, Liu W. Combination of Chemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy with Oxygen Self-Supply in the Form of Mutual Assistance for Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3679-3694. [PMID: 34093012 PMCID: PMC8169060 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s298146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been widely researched by cancer therapists in recent years. This study aims to establish a drug delivery system combining PDT and chemotherapy to show that chemotherapeutic drugs provide oxygen to PDT, while PDT promotes the release of chemotherapeutic drug. METHODS Firstly, poly(ethylene glycol)-lysine(Ce6)-block-poly(L-glutamate)-imidazole (mPEG-lys(Ce6)-PGA-AIM) was synthesized and self-assembled into micelles that exhibited pH- and ROS-responsiveness and buffering capacity. Perfluorohexanoate-modified cisplatin (FCP), as oxygen carriers, was encapsulated into mPEG-lys(Ce6)-PGA-AIM micelles. Then, the properties of micelles and their biological functions in vivo and in vitro were investigated. RESULTS The micelles exhibited remarkabe stability, pH regulated drug release, good biocompatibility and effective tumor penetration. Cellular uptake demonstrated the efficient endosome/lysosome escape of CFMs, which facilitates the intracellular drug release. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments reflected that CFMs with laser irradiation showed significantly improved therapeutic activity compared with single PDT or chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Chemotherapy and PDT were combined in the form of mutual assistance to provide a promising strategy for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060
- National Clinical Research Centre of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060
- National Clinical Research Centre of Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangxuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jindong Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changxiao Xu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hu Yu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
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Jin Z, Zhao Q, Yuan S, Jiang W, Hu Y. Strategies of Alleviating Tumor Hypoxia and Enhancing Tumor Therapeutic Effect by Macromolecular Nanomaterials. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100092. [PMID: 34008312 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia as one of the most prominent features in tumors, has presented negative effects on tumor therapies including photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapies, leading to the tumor regeneration and metastasis. Recently, nanomedicines have been proposed to handle the hypoxia dilemma. Some nanomedicines alleviated hypoxia to enhance the therapeutic effect, others used hypoxia-sensitive substances to treat tumor. Among them, macromolecular nanomaterials-based nanomedicine has attracted increased research interest. However, the complicated tumor microenvironment disturbs the practical application of macromolecular nanomaterials to deal with hypoxia. This review highlights the influence of hypoxia on tumor therapy and some new strategies of using macromolecular nanomaterials to overcome hypoxia for effective tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Jin
- Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Shanmei Yuan
- Nantong Vocational University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210093, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210093, China
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