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Qi S, Guo L, Liang J, Wang K, Liao Q, He S, Lyu W, Cheng Z, Wang J, Luo X, Yan X, Lu Z, Wang X, Wang Z, Chen X, Li Q. A new strategy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: Discovery and bio-evaluation of the first central-targeting tyrosinase inhibitor. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107612. [PMID: 38986418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The high level of tyrosinase leads to the generation of neuromelanin, further causing the abnormality of redox-related protein level and mediating the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the existing tyrosinase inhibitors are mostly natural product extracts or polyphenolic derivatives, which hindered them from penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Herein, we obtained a novel tyrosinase inhibitor, 2-06 (tyrosinase: monophenolase IC50 = 70.44 ± 22.69 μM, diphenolase IC50 = 1.89 ± 0.64 μM), through the structure-based screening method. The compound 2-06 presented good in vitro and in vivo safety, and can inhibit the tyrosinase and melanogenesis in B16F10. Moreover, this compound showed neuroprotective effects and Parkinsonism behavior improving function. 2-06 was proved to penetrate the BBB and enter the central nervous system (CNS). The exploration of the binding mode between 2-06 and tyrosinase provided the foundation for the subsequent structural optimization. This is the first research to develop a central-targeting tyrosinase inhibitor, which is crucial for in-depth study on the new strategy for utilizing tyrosinase inhibitors to treat PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Qi
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Guo
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Liang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghong Liao
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Shandong Kangqiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Weiping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zimeng Cheng
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojia Luo
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyao Lu
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziming Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 256699, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Cytarska J, Szulc J, Kołodziej-Sobczak D, Nunes JA, da Silva-Júnior EF, Łączkowski KZ. Cyrene™ as a tyrosinase inhibitor and anti-browning agent. Food Chem 2024; 442:138430. [PMID: 38241986 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The tyrosinase pathway takes part in the enzymatic process of food browning and is primarily responsible for food spoilage - manifesting itself from a decrease in its nutritional value to a deterioration of taste, which consequently leads to a gradual loss of shelf life. Finding safe and bio-based tyrosinase inhibitors and anti-browning agents may be of great importance in agriculture and food industries. Herein, we showed that Cyrene™ exhibits tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50: 268.2 µM), the 1.44 times higher than ascorbic acid (IC50: 386.5 μM). Binding mode studies demonstrated that the carbonyl oxygen of Cyrene™ coordinates with both copper ions. Surprisingly, both hydroxyl groups of Cyrene gem-diol perform a monodentate binding mode with both copper ions, at similar distances. This fact suggests that both compounds could have a similar binding mode and, as consequence, similar biological activities in tyrosinase inhibition assays and anti-browning activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Cytarska
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Szulc
- Department of Food Industry Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dominika Kołodziej-Sobczak
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jéssica Alves Nunes
- Biological and Molecular Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, AC Simões Campus, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, s/n, 57072-970 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Biological and Molecular Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, AC Simões Campus, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, s/n, 57072-970 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Krzysztof Z Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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3
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Kumari G, Dhillon S, Rani P, Chahal M, Aneja DK, Kinger M. Development in the Synthesis of Bioactive Thiazole-Based Heterocyclic Hybrids Utilizing Phenacyl Bromide. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18709-18746. [PMID: 38708256 PMCID: PMC11064039 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Heterocyclic hybrid frameworks represent a burgeoning domain within the realms of drug discovery and medicinal chemistry, attracting considerable attention in recent years. Thiazole pharmacophore fragments, inherent in natural products such as peptide alkaloids, metabolites, and cyclopeptides, have demonstrated a broad spectrum of pharmacological potentials. Given their profound biological significance, a plethora of thiazole-based hybrids have been synthesized through the conjugation of thiazole moieties with bioactive pyrazole and pyrazoline fragments. This review systematically presents a compendium of robust methodologies for the synthesis of thiazole-linked hybrids, employing the (3 + 2) heterocyclization reaction, specifically the Hantzsch-thiazole synthesis, utilizing phenacyl bromide as the substrate. The strategic approach of molecular hybridization has markedly enhanced drug efficacy, mitigated resistance to multiple drugs, and minimized toxicity concerns. The resultant thiazole-linked hybrids exhibit a myriad of medicinal properties viz. anticancer, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antifungal, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. This compilation of methodologies and insights serves as a valuable resource for medicinal chemists and researchers engaged in the design of novel thiazole-linked hybrids endowed with therapeutic attribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginna Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127031, Haryana, India
| | - Sudeep Dhillon
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127031, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127031, Haryana, India
| | - Mamta Chahal
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127031, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Aneja
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127031, Haryana, India
| | - Mayank Kinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, 127031, Haryana, India
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Chandarajoti K, Kara J, Suwanhom P, Nualnoi T, Puripattanavong J, Lee VS, Tipmanee V, Lomlim L. Synthesis and evaluation of coumarin derivatives on antioxidative, tyrosinase inhibitory activities, melanogenesis, and in silico investigations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5535. [PMID: 38448547 PMCID: PMC10917816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
New coumarin derivatives were designed using a 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid scaffold conjugated with amino acid esters or tyramine. The anti-tyrosinase and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated. Coumarin derivatives 7,9, 11-13, 15-18 showed strong anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Compound 13 exhibited uncompetitive tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 68.86 µM. Compound 14 (% activity = 123.41) showed stronger tyrosinase activating activity than 8-methoxypsolaren (8-MOP, % activity = 109.46). In silico studies revealed different poses between the inhibitors and activators near the tyrosinase catalytic site. Compounds 13 (25-50 μM) and 14 (25-100 μM) did not show cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. In contrast to the tyrosinase inhibition assay, compound 13 (50 μM) suppressed melanogenesis in B16F10 cells with two times higher potency than KA (100 μM). Compound 14 at 100 μM showed melanogenesis enhancement in B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner, however, inferior to the 8-MOP. Based on the findings, compound 13 and 14 offer potential for development as skin-lightening agents and vitiligo therapy agents, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasemsiri Chandarajoti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Paptawan Suwanhom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Teerapat Nualnoi
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jindaporn Puripattanavong
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Vannajan Sanghiran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Varomyalin Tipmanee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Luelak Lomlim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellent Center (PPBEC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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Saeed A, Ahmed A, Haider MB, Ismail H, Hayat K, Shabir G, El-Seedi HR. Novel pyrazoline linked acyl thiourea pharmacophores as antimicrobial, urease, amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors: design, synthesis, SAR and molecular docking studies. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1018-1033. [PMID: 38174269 PMCID: PMC10759180 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a small library of novel pyrazolinyl-acyl thiourea (5a-j) was designed and synthesized through a multistep sequence and the synthesized compounds were screened for their antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant activities as well as urease, amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The synthesized series (5a-o) was characterized using a combination of spectroscopic techniques, including FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. All compounds (5a-j) were found to have significant potency against urease, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPPH. The synthesized compounds were also screened for potential antibacterial and anti-fungal inhibition activities. IC50 values for all the prepared compounds for urease, α-glucosidase, amylase, and DPPH inhibition were determined and derivatives 5b and 5g were found to be the most potent urease inhibitors with IC50 values of 54.2 ± 0.32 and 43.6 ± 0.25 μM, respectively. Whilst compound 5b (IC50 = 68.3 ± 0.11 μM) is a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, compound 5f (90.3 ± 1.08 μM) is a potent amylase inhibitor and compound 5b (103.4 ± 1.15 μM) is a potent antioxidant. The different substitutions on the phenyl ring were the basis for structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. The molecular docking study was performed for the confirmation of binding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid I Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2241 +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Atteeque Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid I Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2241 +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Main Bilal Haider
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid I Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2241 +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid I Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan +92-51-9064-2241 +92-51-9064-2128
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- International Research Centre for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah Madinah 42351 Saudi Arabia
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6
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Abbasi MA, Raza H, Aziz-Ur-Rehman, Siddiqui SZ, Muhammad S, Khan FM, Shah SAA, Al-Sehemi AG, Kim SJ. Synthesis and Computational Exploration of Morpholine Bearing Halogenated Sulfonamides as Potential Tyrosinase Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300257. [PMID: 37578300 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
In the presented work, a new series of three different 4-((3,5-dichloro-2-[(2/4-halobenzyl)oxy]phenyl)sulfonyl)morpholines was synthesized and the structure of these compounds were corroborated by 1 H-NMR & 13 C-NMR studies. The in vitro results established all the three compounds as potent tyrosinase inhibitors relative to the standard. The Kinetics mechanism plots established that compound 8 inhibited the enzyme non-competitively. The inhibition constants Ki calculated from Dixon plots for this compound was 0.0025 μM. Additionally, computational techniques were used to explore electronic structures of synthesized compounds. Fully optimized geometries were further docked with tyrosinase enzyme for inhibition studies. Reasonably good binding/interaction energies and intermolecular interactions were obtained. Finally, drug likeness was also predicted using the rule of five (RO5) and Chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics. It is anticipated that current experimental and computational investigations will evoke the scientific interest of the research community for the above-entitled compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Aziz-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan Mehmood Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, 42300, Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, 42300, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
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Baber MA, Crist CM, Devolve NL, Patrone JD. Tyrosinase Inhibitors: A Perspective. Molecules 2023; 28:5762. [PMID: 37570734 PMCID: PMC10420840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its integral role in the biosynthesis of melanin in all kingdoms of life, tyrosinase has become an extremely important target for inhibition in several sectors of research including agricultural and cosmetic research. Inhibitors of tyrosinase have made it to the market in the cosmetics industry, but their use has been limited due to conflicting efficacy and potential toxicity, which has led to several small molecules being removed from the market. Undaunted, researchers have continued to pursue tyrosinase inhibitors with varying degrees of success. These pursuits have built an impressive and rich library of research. This review is intended to provide a perspective of the past twenty years (2003-2023) of research on tyrosinase inhibitors by highlighting exemplar molecules and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason A. Baber
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48209, USA;
| | - Cole M. Crist
- Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rollins College, Winter Park, FL 32789, USA;
| | - Noah L. Devolve
- Department of Chemistry, Rollins College, Winter Park, FL 32789, USA;
| | - James D. Patrone
- Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Rollins College, Winter Park, FL 32789, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, Rollins College, Winter Park, FL 32789, USA;
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Nunes JA, de Araújo RSA, da Silva FN, Cytarska J, Łączkowski KZ, Cardoso SH, Mendonça-Júnior FJB, da Silva-Júnior EF. Coumarin-Based Compounds as Inhibitors of Tyrosinase/Tyrosine Hydroxylase: Synthesis, Kinetic Studies, and In Silico Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5216. [PMID: 36982292 PMCID: PMC10048804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, constituting a serious health problem. In this context, melanoma represents the most aggressive and fatal type of skin cancer, with death rates increasing every year. Scientific efforts have been addressed to the development of inhibitors targeting the tyrosinase enzyme as potential anti-melanoma agents due to the importance of this enzyme in melanogenesis biosynthesis. Coumarin-based compounds have shown potential activity as anti-melanoma agents and tyrosinase inhibitors. In this study, coumarin-based derivatives were designed, synthesized, and experimentally evaluated upon tyrosinase. Compound FN-19, a coumarin-thiosemicarbazone analog, exhibited potent anti-tyrosinase activity, with an IC50 value of 42.16 ± 5.16 µM, being more active than ascorbic acid and kojic acid, both reference inhibitors. The kinetic study showed that FN-19 acts as a mixed inhibitor. Still, for this compound, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to determine the stability of the complex with tyrosinase, generating RMSD, RMSF, and interaction plots. Additionally, docking studies were performed to elucidate the binding pose at the tyrosinase, suggesting that the hydroxyl group of coumarin derivative performs coordinate bonds (bidentate) with the copper(II) ions at distances ranging from 2.09 to 2.61 Å. Then, MM/PBSA calculations revealed that van der Waals interactions are the most relevant intermolecular forces for complex stabilization. Furthermore, it was observed that FN-19 has a binding energy (ΔEMM) value similar to tropolone, a tyrosinase inhibitor. Therefore, the data obtained in this study will be useful for designing and developing novel coumarin-based analogs targeting the tyrosinase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alves Nunes
- Biological and Molecular Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, AC Simões Campus, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, s/n, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil (E.F.d.S.-J.)
| | - Rodrigo Santos Aquino de Araújo
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58429-500, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Nunes da Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Synthesis, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Manoel Severino Barbosa Avenue, Arapiraca 57309-005, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Joanna Cytarska
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Z. Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sílvia Helena Cardoso
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Synthesis, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Manoel Severino Barbosa Avenue, Arapiraca 57309-005, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Biological and Molecular Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, AC Simões Campus, Lourival Melo Mota Avenue, s/n, Maceió 57072-970, Alagoas, Brazil (E.F.d.S.-J.)
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9
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Hosseini Nasab N, Raza H, Eom YS, Hassan M, Kloczkowski A, Kim SJ. Synthesis and discovery of potential tyrosinase inhibitor of new coumarin-based thiophenyl-pyrazolylthiazole nuclei: In vitro evaluation, cytotoxicity, kinetic, and computational studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:1262-1272. [PMID: 36746678 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A well-known key enzyme in melanogenesis and hyperpigmentation is tyrosinase. The present study introduces a novel series of thiophenyl-pyrazolylthiazole-coumarin hybrids (6a-6h) as tyrosinase inhibitors. The in-vitro tyrosinase inhibition results indicated that all compounds have strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity, particularly compound 6g (IC50 = 0.043 ± 0.006 μM), was identified as the most active compound compared to the positive control (kojic acid, IC50 = 18.521 ± 1.162 μM). Lineweaver-Burk plots were employed to analyze the kinetic mechanism, and compound 6g formed an enzyme-inhibitor complex by inhibiting tyrosinase non-competitively. Furthermore, all compounds demonstrated excellent antioxidant activity against DPPH. MTT assay was used to screen the cytotoxicity of all compounds on B16F10 melanoma cells, and they had no toxic effect on the cells. The binding affinity of compounds with tyrosinase was also investigated using molecular docking, and the ligands displayed good binding energy values. These molecules could be a promising lead for skin pigmentation and associated diseases as nontoxic pharmacological scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Hosseini Nasab
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Eom
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
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Raza H, Rehman Sadiq Butt A, Athar Abbasi M, Aziz-Ur-Rehman, Zahra Siddiqui S, Hassan M, Adnan Ali Shah S, Ja Kim S. 2-Aminothiazole-Oxadiazole Bearing N-Arylated Butanamides: Convergent Synthesis, Tyrosinase Inhibition, Kinetics, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Binding Conformations. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201019. [PMID: 36597268 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A multi-step synthesis of novel bi-heterocyclic N-arylated butanamides was consummated through a convergent strategy and the structures of these medicinal scaffolds, 7a-h, were corroborated using spectral techniques. The in vitro analysis of these hybrid molecules revealed their potent tyrosinase inhibition as compared to the standard used. The kinetics mechanism was investigated through Lineweaver-Burk plots which exposed that, 7f, inhibited tyrosinase enzyme non-competitively by forming the enzyme-inhibitor complex. The inhibition constants Ki calculated from Dixon plots for this compound was 0.025 μM. Their binding conformations were ascertained by in silico computational studies whereby these molecules disclosed good binding energy values (kcal/mol). So, it was anticipated from the current research that these bi-heterocyclic butanamides might be probed as imperative therapeutic agents for melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Raza
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, South Korea
| | | | | | - Aziz-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Mubashir Hassan
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia.,Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Song Ja Kim
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, South Korea
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11
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Lee J, Park YJ, Jung HJ, Ullah S, Yoon D, Jeong Y, Kim GY, Kang MK, Kang D, Park Y, Chun P, Chung HY, Moon HR. Design and Synthesis of ( Z)-2-(Benzylamino)-5-benzylidenethiazol-4(5 H)-one Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitors and Their Anti-Melanogenic and Antioxidant Effects. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020848. [PMID: 36677908 PMCID: PMC9865752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, (Z)-2-(benzylamino)-5-benzylidenethiazol-4(5H)-one (BABT) derivatives were designed as tyrosinase inhibitors based on the structure of MHY2081, using a simplified approach. Of the 14 BABT derivatives synthesized, two derivatives ((Z)-2-(benzylamino)-5-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazol-4(5H)-one [7] and (Z)-2-(benzylamino)-5-(2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)thiazol-4(5H)-one [8]) showed more potent mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activities than kojic acid, regardless of the substrate used; in particular, compound 8 was 106-fold more potent than kojic acid when l-tyrosine was used as the substrate. Analysis of Lineweaver-Burk plots for 7 and 8 indicated that they were competitive inhibitors, which was confirmed via in silico docking. In experiments using B16F10 cells, 8 exerted a greater ability to inhibit melanin production than kojic acid, and it inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating that the anti-melanogenic effect of 8 is attributable to its ability to inhibit tyrosinase. In addition, 8 exhibited strong antioxidant activity to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals and peroxynitrite and inhibited the expression of melanogenesis-associated proteins (tyrosinase and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor). These results suggest that BABT derivative 8 is a promising candidate for the treatment of hyperpigmentation-related diseases, owing to its inhibition of melanogenesis-associated protein expression, direct tyrosinase inhibition, and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jung Park
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, West Palm Beach, FL 33458, USA
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmu Jeong
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Young Kim
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwan Kang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Park
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2815; Fax: +82-51-513-6754
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12
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4-[Bis(thiazol-2-ylamino)methyl]phenol. MOLBANK 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/m1550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized novel bis-thiazole derivative. A 4-[bis(thiazol-2-ylamino)methyl]phenol was efficiently prepared in 71% yield by the reaction of 2-aminothiazole with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in ethanol for 24 h. The structure of newly obtained compound was characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. Bis-thiazole derivative exhibits high tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 29.71 μM. This inhibitory activity is 2.4 times higher than that of activity of kojic acid (IC50 72.27 µM) and almost 13 times higher than that of ascorbic acid (IC50 385.6 µM). Obtained data suggest that the presented compound may be a leading candidate for a tyrosinase inhibitor.
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13
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Ko J, Lee J, Jung HJ, Ullah S, Jeong Y, Hong S, Kang MK, Park YJ, Hwang Y, Kang D, Park Y, Chun P, Yoo JW, Chung HY, Moon HR. Design and Synthesis of (Z)-5-(Substituted benzylidene)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one Analogues as Anti-Tyrosinase and Antioxidant Compounds: In Vitro and In Silico Insights. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101918. [PMID: 36290640 PMCID: PMC9598926 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many compounds containing the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl (PUSC) scaffold, including cinnamamide derivatives, have been shown to inhibit tyrosinase potently in vitro and in vivo. Structural changes to cinnamamide derivatives were produced by adding a dithionate functional group to provide eight (Z)-5-(substituted benzylidene)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one analogs with high log p values for skin. These analogs were synthesized using a two-step reaction, and their stereochemistry was confirmed using the 3JC4-Hβ values of C4 measured in proton-coupled 13C mode. Analogs 2 (IC50 = 5.21 ± 0.86 µM) and 3 (IC50 = 1.03 ± 0.14 µM) more potently inhibited mushroom tyrosinase than kojic acid (IC50 = 25.26 ± 1.10 µM). Docking results showed 2 binds strongly to the active site of tyrosinase, while 3 binds strongly to an allosteric site. Kinetic studies using l-tyrosine as substrate indicated 2 and 3 competitively and non-competitively inhibit tyrosinase, respectively, which was supported by our docking results. In B16F10 cells, 3 significantly and concentration-dependently reduced α–MSH plus IBMX induced increases in cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin production and the similarity between these inhibitory patterns implied that the anti-melanogenic effect of 3 might be due to its tyrosinase-inhibitory ability. In addition, 2 and 3 exhibited strong antioxidant effects; for example, they reduced ROS and ONOO– levels and exhibited radical scavenging activities, suggesting that these effects might underlie their anti-melanogenic effects. Furthermore, 3 suppressed the expressions of melanogenesis-associated proteins and genes in B16F10 cells. These results suggest (Z)-5-(substituted benzylidene)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one analogs offer a means of producing novel anti-melanogenesis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongin Ko
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Yeongmu Jeong
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sojeong Hong
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kang
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yu Jung Park
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - YeJi Hwang
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Dongwan Kang
- New Drug Development Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Yujin Park
- New Drug Development Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence:
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14
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Shakila, Abbasi MA, Aziz-ur-Rehman, Siddiqui SZ, Nazir M, Raza H, Zafar A, Shah SA, Shahid M, Seo SY. Multi-step synthesis of indole-N-ethyltriazole hybrids amalgamated with N-arylated ethanamides: structure-activity relationship and mechanistic explorations through tyrosinase inhibition, kinetics and computational ascriptions. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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A Novel Class of Potent Anti-Tyrosinase Compounds with Antioxidant Activity, 2-(Substituted phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[ d]thiazoles: In Vitro and In Silico Insights. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071375. [PMID: 35883866 PMCID: PMC9311798 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen compounds bearing a benzothiazole moiety were synthesized as potential tyrosinase inhibitors and evaluated for mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The compound 4-(5-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol (compound 1b) exhibited the highest tyrosinase activity inhibition, with an IC50 value of 0.2 ± 0.01 μM (a potency 55-fold greater than kojic acid). In silico results using mushroom tyrosinase and human tyrosinase showed that the 2,4-hydroxyl substituents on the phenyl ring of 1b played an important role in the inhibition of both tyrosinases. Kinetic studies on mushroom tyrosinase indicated that 1b is a competitive inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase, and this was supported by docking results. In B16F10 murine melanoma cells, 1a and 1b dose-dependently and significantly inhibited melanin production intracellularly, and melanin release into medium more strongly than kojic acid, and these effects were attributed to the inhibition of cellular tyrosinase. Furthermore, the inhibition of melanin production by 1b was found to be partially due to the inhibition of tyrosinase glycosylation and the suppression of melanogenesis-associated genes. Compound 1c, which has a catechol group, exhibited potent antioxidant activities against ROS, DPPH, and ABTS, and 1b also had strong ROS and ABTS radical scavenging activities. These results suggest that 5-(trifluoromethyl)benzothiazole derivatives are promising anti-tyrosinase lead compounds with potent antioxidant effects.
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16
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Ghani U. Azole inhibitors of mushroom and human tyrosinases: Current advances and prospects of drug development for melanogenic dermatological disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114525. [PMID: 35717871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Azoles are a famous and promising class of drugs for treatment of a range of ailments especially fungal infections. A wide variety of azole derivatives are also known to exhibit tyrosinase inhibition, some of which possess promising activity with potential for treatment of dermatological disorders such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, nevus, flecks, melasma, and melanoma. Recently, thiazolyl-resorcinol derivatives have demonstrated potent human tyrosinase inhibition with a safe and effective therapeutic profile for treatment of skin hyperpigmentation in humans, which are currently under clinical trials. If approved these derivatives would be the first azole drugs to be used for treatment of skin hyperpigmentation. Although the scientific literature has been witnessing general reviews on tyrosinase inhibitors to date, there is none that specifically and comprehensively discusses azole inhibitors of tyrosinase. Appreciating such potential of azoles, this focused review highlights a wide range of their derivatives with promising mushroom and human tyrosinase inhibitory activities and clinical potential for treatment of melanogenic dermatological disorders. Presently, these disorders have been treated with kojic acid, hydroquinone and other drugs, the design and development of which are based on their ability to inhibit mushroom tyrosinase. The active sites of mushroom and human tyrosinases carry structural differences which affect substrate or inhibitor binding. For this reason, kojic acid and other drugs pose efficacy and safety issues since they were originally developed using mushroom tyrosinase and have been clinically used on human tyrosinase. Design and development of tyrosinase inhibitors should be based on human tyrosinase, however, there are challenges in obtaining the human enzyme and understanding its structure and function. The review discusses these challenges that encompass structural and functional differences between mushroom and human tyrosinases and the manner in which they are inhibited. The review also gauges promising azole derivatives with potential for development of drugs against skin hyperpigmentation by analyzing and comparing their tyrosinase inhibitory activities against mushroom and human tyrosinases, computational data, and clinical profile where available. It aims to lay groundwork for development of new azole drugs for treatment of skin hyperpigmentation, melanoma, and related dermatological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ghani
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 12372, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Nasab NH, Azimian F, Kruger HG, Kim SJ. Coumarin‐Chalcones Generated from 3‐Acetylcoumarin as a Promising Agent: Synthesis and Pharmacological Properties. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Hosseini Nasab
- Department of Biological Sciences Kongju National University Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Fereshteh Azimian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Hendrik G. Kruger
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit School of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban 4001 South Africa
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences Kongju National University Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
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18
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Hassan M, Vanjare BD, Sim KY, Raza H, Lee KH, Shahzadi S, Kloczkowski A. Biological and Cheminformatics Studies of Newly Designed Triazole Based Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors against Mushroom Tyrosinase. Molecules 2022; 27:1731. [PMID: 35268831 PMCID: PMC8911699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of nine novel 1,2,4-triazole based compounds were synthesized through a multistep reaction pathway and their structures were scrutinized by using spectral methods such as FTIR, LC-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The synthesized derivatives were screened for inhibitory activity against the mushroom tyrosinase and we found that all the synthesized compounds demonstrated decent inhibitory activity against tyrosinase. However, among the series of compounds, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio) acetamide exhibited more prominent activity when accompanied with the standard drug kojic acid. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies identified the interaction profile of all synthesized derivatives at the active site of tyrosinase. Based on these results, N-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio) acetamide could be used as a novel scaffold to design some new drugs against melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Balasaheb D. Vanjare
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea; (B.D.V.); (K.-Y.S.)
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea;
| | - Kyou-Yeong Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea; (B.D.V.); (K.-Y.S.)
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea;
| | - Ki Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea; (B.D.V.); (K.-Y.S.)
| | - Saba Shahzadi
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Bioinformatics, Nesbit Road Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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19
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Choi H, Young Ryu I, Choi I, Ullah S, Jin Jung H, Park Y, Hwang Y, Jeong Y, Hong S, Chun P, Young Chung H, Ryong Moon H. Identification of (Z)-2-benzylidene-dihydroimidazothiazolone derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitors: anti-melanogenic effects and in silico studies. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:899-912. [PMID: 35242283 PMCID: PMC8861568 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heejeong Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Il Young Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yujin Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - YeJi Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yeongmu Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
- Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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20
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Peng Z, Li Y, Tan L, Chen L, Shi Q, Zeng QH, Liu H, Wang JJ, Zhao Y. Anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of gallic acid-benzylidenehydrazine hybrids and their application in preservation of fresh-cut apples and shrimps. Food Chem 2022; 378:132127. [PMID: 35033723 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A series of gallic acid-benzylidenehydrazine hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Thereinto, compounds 5d and 5f potently inhibited tyrosinase with IC50 of 15.3 and 3.3 μM, compared to kojic acid (44.4 μM). The inhibition mechanism suggested that 5d and 5f not only chelated with Cu2+, but also reduced Cu2+ to Cu1+ in the tyrosinase active site. Additionally, 5d and 5f exhibited strong DPPH scavenging and antibacterial activities against Vibrio parahaemolyticu and Staphylococcus aureus, which can be attributed to the function of gallic acid and hydrazone moiety. These compounds also exhibited capacity to preserve fresh-cut apples and shrimps. Finally, 5d and 5f exhibited low cytotoxic activity in a human cell line (HEK293). Therefore, these compounds possess anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities, and can be used in the development of novel food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lijun Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiandai Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai 201306, China.
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21
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Li Q, Mo J, Xiong B, Liao Q, Chen Y, Wang Y, Xing S, He S, Lyu W, Zhang N, Sun H. Discovery of Resorcinol-Based Polycyclic Structures as Tyrosinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:81-96. [PMID: 34882402 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is involved in the synthesis of neuromelanin in the substantia nigra, which is closely correlated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Herein, we identified S05014 (l-Tyr, IC50 = 6.25 ± 1.43 nM; l-Dopa, IC50 = 0.64 ± 0.40 μM) as a highly effective tyrosinase inhibitor. It could inhibit the tyrosinase function from different origins and decrease the expression of tyrosinase. S05014 presented good medication safety and inhibited melanogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, as a resorcinol derivative, S05014 could scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and significantly reduce the overproduction of LPS-induced reactive oxidative species (ROS), indicating its antioxidative profile. S05014 exhibited an excellent neuroprotective effect against methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) impairment in vitro and could remarkably alleviate movement abnormalities and exploratory activities in vivo. Altogether, S05014 is considered as a promising inhibitor for tyrosinase, melanogenesis, and oxidative stress and has great potential to be utilized in anti-Parkinsonian syndrome. From this point of view, tyrosinase inhibition has been further confirmed to be a novel strategy to improve locomotor capacity and treat Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Mo
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baichen Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghong Liao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Xing
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiping Lyu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Vanjare BD, Mahajan PG, Dige NC, Raza H, Hassan M, Han Y, Kim SJ, Seo SY, Lee KH. Novel 1,2,4-triazole analogues as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors: synthesis, kinetic mechanism, cytotoxicity and computational studies. Mol Divers 2021; 25:2089-2106. [PMID: 32399854 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have created a novel series of mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors with 1,2,4-triazole as fundamental skeleton. The target compound 1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)-N-phenyl acetamide derivatives 9(a-l) were synthesized by the reaction of 4- and 5-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives 6(a-c) with 2-chloro-N-sub/un-substituted phenyl acetamide derivatives 8(a-d) under basic condition. By using the analytical techniques for instance, FTIR, LC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, the structural verification was evaluated. The novel series of the target compounds 9(a-l) has been scanned for biological activity (mushroom tyrosinase inhibition potential) which demonstrates adequate results. Interestingly, compound 9k (IC50 = 0.0048 ± 0.0016 µM) exhibits 3500 times more activity compared with standard drug kojic acid (IC50 = 16.8320 ± 1.1600 µM) against mushroom tyrosinase inhibitor. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity experiment was carried out for the highly effective target compounds (9d, 9i, 9j and 9k) by using MTT assay method for A375 human melanoma cells to define the nontoxic performance of the most effective compounds ranging from 1 to 25 µM. Furthermore, the molecular docking study delivers the thought concerning the interface of the ligand with an enzyme. Also, the dynamic simulation was accomplished for compound 9k to govern the plausible binding model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasaheb D Vanjare
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Prasad G Mahajan
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Nilam C Dige
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Yohan Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, 32588, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Choi H, Ryu IY, Choi I, Ullah S, Jung HJ, Park Y, Jeong Y, Hwang Y, Hong S, Yoon IS, Yun H, Kim MS, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Chun P, Moon HR. Novel Anti-Melanogenic Compounds, ( Z)-5-(Substituted Benzylidene)-4-thioxothiazolidin-2-one Derivatives: In Vitro and In Silico Insights. Molecules 2021; 26:4963. [PMID: 34443550 PMCID: PMC8400311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To confirm that the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated thiocarbonyl (PUSTC) scaffold, similar to the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl (PUSC) scaffold, acts as a core inhibitory structure for tyrosinase, twelve (Z)-5-(substituted benzylidene)-4-thioxothiazolidin-2-one ((Z)-BTTZ) derivatives were designed and synthesized. Seven of the twelve derivatives showed stronger inhibitory activity than kojic acid against mushroom tyrosinase. Compound 2b (IC50 = 0.47 ± 0.97 µM) exerted a 141-fold higher inhibitory potency than kojic acid. Kinetic studies' results confirmed that compounds 2b and 2f are competitive tyrosinase inhibitors, which was supported by high binding affinities with the active site of tyrosinase by docking simulation. Docking results using a human tyrosinase homology model indicated that 2b and 2f might potently inhibit human tyrosinase. In vitro assays of 2b and 2f were conducted using B16F10 melanoma cells. Compounds 2b and 2f significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited intracellular melanin contents, and the anti-melanogenic effects of 2b at 10 µM and 2f at 25 µM were considerably greater than the inhibitory effect of kojic acid at 25 µM. Compounds 2b and 2f similarly inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin contents, indicating that the anti-melanogenic effects of both were due to tyrosinase inhibition. A strong binding affinity with the active site of tyrosinase and potent inhibitions of mushroom tyrosinase, cellular tyrosinase activity, and melanin generation in B16F10 cells indicates the PUSTC scaffold offers an attractive platform for the development of novel tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejeong Choi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Il Young Ryu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Inkyu Choi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA;
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yujin Park
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yeongmu Jeong
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - YeJi Hwang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Sojeong Hong
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Inje University, Gyeongnam, Gimhae 50834, Korea
- Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gyeongnam, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (H.C.); (I.Y.R.); (I.C.); (H.J.J.); (Y.P.); (Y.J.); (Y.H.); (S.H.); (I.-S.Y.); (H.Y.); (M.-S.K.); (J.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
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24
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Recent advances in the design and discovery of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113744. [PMID: 34365131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloenzyme that is responsible for the rate-limiting catalytic step in the melanin biosynthesis and enzymatic browning. As a promising target, tyrosinase inhibitors can be used as skin whitening agents and food preservatives, thus having broad potential in the fields of food, cosmetics, agriculture and medicine. From 2015 to 2020, numerous synthetic inhibitors of tyrosinase have been developed to overcome the challenges of low efficacy and side effects. This review summarizes the enzyme structure and biological functions of tyrosinase and demonstrates the recent advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors from the perspective of medicinal chemistry, providing a better understanding of the catalytic mechanisms and more effective tyrosinase inhibitors.
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25
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New Benzimidazothiazolone Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitors with Potential Anti-Melanogenesis and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071078. [PMID: 34356311 PMCID: PMC8301170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen (Z)-2-(substituted benzylidene)benzimidazothiazolone analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase. Among the compounds synthesized, compounds 1–3 showed greater inhibitory activity than kojic acid (IC50 = 18.27 ± 0.89 μM); IC50 = 3.70 ± 0.51 μM for 1; IC50 = 3.05 ± 0.95 μM for 2; and IC50 = 5.00 ± 0.38 μM for 3, and found to be competitive tyrosinase inhibitors. In silico molecular docking simulations demonstrated that compounds 1–3 could bind to the catalytic sites of tyrosinase. Compounds 1–3 inhibited melanin production and cellular tyrosinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, compound 2 dose-dependently scavenged ROS in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, compound 2 downregulated the protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which led to a reduction in microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression, and decreased tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1), and TRP2 expression, resulting in anti-melanogenesis activity. Hence, compound 2 may serve as an anti-melanogenic agent against hyperpigmentation diseases.
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26
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Vanjare BD, Choi NG, Mahajan PG, Raza H, Hassan M, Han Y, Yu SM, Kim SJ, Seo SY, Lee KH. Novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds inhibit the tyrosinase and melanin level: Synthesis, in-vitro, and in-silico studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 41:116222. [PMID: 34058664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this research work, we have designed and synthesized some biologically useful of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles. The structural interpretation of the synthesized compounds has been validated by using FT-IR, LC-MS, HRMS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. Moreover, the in-vitro mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the target compounds was assessed. The in-vitro study reveals that, all compounds demonstrate an excellent tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Especially, 2-(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)-N-phenylacetamide (IC50 = 0.003 ± 0.00 µM) confirms much more significant potent inhibition activity compared with standard drug kojic acid (IC50 = 16.83 ± 1.16 µM). Subsequently, the most potent five oxadiazole compounds were screened for cytotoxicity study against B16F10 melanoma cells using an MTT assay method. The survival rate for the most potent compound was more pleasant than other compounds. Furthermore, the western blot results proved that the most potent compound considerably decreased the expression level of tyrosinase at 50 µM (P < 0.05). The molecular docking investigation exposed that the utmost potent compound displayed the significant interactions pattern within the active region of the tyrosinase enzyme and which might be responsible for the decent inhibitory activity towards the enzyme. A molecular dynamic simulation experiment was presented to recognize the residual backbone stability of protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasaheb D Vanjare
- Dept. of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Gyu Choi
- Dept. of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Prasad G Mahajan
- Vidya Pratishthan's Arts, Science & Commerce College, Vidyanagari, Baramati, Maharashtra 413133, India
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Yohan Han
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Yu
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Lee
- Dept. of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Bahadur A, Iqbal S, Ujan R, Channar PA, Al-Anazy MM, Saeed A, Mahmood Q, Shoaib M, Shah M, Arshad I, Shabir G, Saifullah M, Liu G, Qayyum MA. Effect of organic solvents on solvatochromic, fluorescence, and electrochemical properties of synthesized thiazolylcoumarin derivatives. LUMINESCENCE 2021; 36:1189-1197. [PMID: 33759314 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this present investigation, thiazolylcoumarin derivatives (5a-5k) were synthesized from thiosemicarbazide, ethyl acetoacetate, and naphthaldehyde through a multistep route. The formation of thiazolylcoumarin derivatives with bioactive scaffolds was confirmed through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A solvatochromic study of synthesized thiazolylcoumarin derivatives was carried out using ultraviolet-visible methods for dimethylformamide (DMF), ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvents. The redox behaviour of as-synthesized thiazolylcoumarin derivatives (5a-5k) was examined in dimethyl sulphoxide by conducting an electrochemical study. Fluorescence properties of thiazolylcoumarin derivatives were studied in DMF, ethanol, and ethyl acetate to visualize the solvent effect on the emitting ability of thiazolylcoumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bahadur
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rabail Ujan
- Dr. M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | | | - Murefah Mana Al-Anazy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Mahmood
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mazloom Shah
- Department of chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ifzan Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Guocong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Chemistry Division of Science and Technology University of Education Lahore, Pakistan
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28
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Ryu IY, Choi I, Jung HJ, Ullah S, Choi H, Al-Amin M, Chun P, Moon HR. In vitro anti-melanogenic effects of chimeric compounds, 2-(substituted benzylidene)-1,3-indanedione derivatives with a β-phenyl-α, β -unsaturated dicarbonyl scaffold. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104688. [PMID: 33582586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is considered a key contributor to melanogenesis, and safe, potent tyrosinase inhibitors are needed for medical and cosmetic purposes to treat skin hyperpigmentation and prevent fruit and vegetable browning. According to our accumulated SAR data on tyrosinase inhibitors, the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold in either E or Z configurations, can confer potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity. In this study, twelve indanedione derivatives were synthesized as chimeric compounds with a β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated dicarbonyl scaffold. Two of these derivatives, that is, compounds 2 and 3 (85% and 96% inhibition, respectively), at 50 μM inhibited mushroom tyrosinase markedly more potently than kojic acid (49% inhibition). Docking studies predicted that compounds 2 and 3 both inhibited tyrosinase competitively, and these findings were supported by Lineweaver-Burk plots. In addition, both compounds inhibited tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin contents in B16F10 cells more than kojic acid without perceptible cytotoxicity. These results support the notion that chimeric compounds with the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated dicarbonyl scaffold represent promising starting points for the development of potent tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Young Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Inkyu Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, FL 33458, USA
| | - Heejeong Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Md Al-Amin
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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29
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Peng Z, Wang G, Zeng QH, Li Y, Liu H, Wang JJ, Zhao Y. A systematic review of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors and their structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4053-4094. [PMID: 33459057 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1871724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing oxidation enzyme, which is responsible for the production of melanin. This enzyme is widely distributed in microorganisms, animals and plants, and plays an essential role in undesirable browning of fruits and vegetables, antibiotic resistance, skin pigment formation, sclerotization of cuticle, neurodegeneration, etc. Hence, it has been recognized as a therapeutic target for the development of antibrowning agents, antibacterial agents, skin-whitening agents, insecticides, and other therapeutic agents. With great potential application in food, agricultural, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, a large number of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors have been widely reported in recent years. In this review, we systematically summarized the advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors in the literatures, including their inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), inhibition kinetics, and interaction mechanisms with the enzyme. The collected information is expected to provide a rational guidance and effective strategy to develop novel, potent and safe tyrosinase inhibitors for better practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
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30
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Li L, Cai Y, Sun X, Du X, Jiang Z, Ni H, Yang Y, Chen F. Tyrosinase inhibition by p-coumaric acid ethyl ester identified from camellia pollen. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:389-400. [PMID: 33473301 PMCID: PMC7802545 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A tyrosinase inhibitor was separated from camellia pollen with the aid of solvent fraction, macroporous adsorptive resin chromatography, and high-speed countercurrent chromatography. The inhibitor was identified to be p-coumaric acid ethyl ester (p-CAEE) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrum. Its inhibitory activity (IC50 = 4.89 μg/ml) was about 10-fold stronger than arbutin (IC50 = 51.54 μg/ml). The p-CAEE inhibited tyrosinase in a noncompetitive model with the K I and K m of 1.83 μg/ml and 0.52 mM, respectively. Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis showed the p-CAEE quenched an intrinsic fluorescence tyrosinase. UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis showed the p-CAEE did not interact with copper ions of the enzyme. Docking simulation implied the p-CAEE induced a conformational change in the catalytic region and thus changed binding forces of L-tyrosine. Our findings suggest that p-CAEE plays an important role in inhibiting tyrosinase and provides a reference for developing pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and fruit preservation products using pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme EngineeringXiamenChina
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen CityXiamenChina
| | - Yuchen Cai
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Xu Sun
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Xiping Du
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme EngineeringXiamenChina
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen CityXiamenChina
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme EngineeringXiamenChina
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen CityXiamenChina
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme EngineeringXiamenChina
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen CityXiamenChina
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme EngineeringXiamenChina
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen CityXiamenChina
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging SciencesClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
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31
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Saeed A, Ahmed A, Ali Channar P, Shabir G, Hassan A, Zia-Ur-Rehman, Abbas Q, Hassan M, Raza H, Seo SY, El-Seedi HR. Identification of novel C-2 symmetric Bis-Azo-Azamethine molecules as competitive inhibitors of mushroom tyrosinase and free radical scavengers: synthesis, kinetics, and molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4419-4428. [PMID: 33342351 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1857841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multi-copper enzyme found in plants, animals and microorganisms, plays a critical role in the melanogenesis and browning process critical to cosmetics and food industries. Many natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have been discovered. To this end, a small library of symmetrical Bis-Azo-Azamethine hybrids 5a-j was synthesized and characterized through spectroscopic and analytical data and explored for mushroom tyrosinase and free radical scavenging activity. All of the molecules 5a-j explicated better potential compared to the standard Kojic acid. On the whole, compound 5i having IC50 value 0.002 ± 0.004 µM was found to be the most potent derivative. The Kinetic studies were performed for 5i and indicating the mode of inhibition in a competitive manner. Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) analysis and docking studies were carried out. Thus compound 5i bearing bulky naphthyl groups was most potent and, The molecular docking indicated formation of two hydrogen bonds with Arg268 and one hydrophobic interaction with Glu322. The carbonyl oxygen of 5i interacts with Arg268 and form two hydrogen bonds having lengths 2.44 and 2.62 Å, respectively. In the same way, compounds 5a-j were appraised for DPPH free radical scavenging ability and five of them 5d, 5e, 5h, 5i and 5j were found to exhibit higher % scavenging potency compared with vitamin C, as the standard. Interesting compound 5i was again the most potent in the series. The current investigation points towards the role of naphthyl group in design of new inhibitors of melanogenesis and the antioxidants with improved efficacy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Atteeque Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of Physiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Tel-Cu-NPs Catalyst: Synthesis of Naphtho[2,3-g]phthalazine Derivatives as Potential Inhibiters of Tyrosinase Enzymes and Their Investigation in Kinetic, Molecular Docking, and Cytotoxicity Studies. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel one-pot synthesis naphtho[2,3-g]phthalazine (1a–1k) of Mannich base derivatives can be achieved via grindstone chemistry using a Tel-Cu-NPs (telmisartan-copper nanoparticles) catalyst. This method offers efficient mild reaction conditions and high yields. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was evaluated for all synthesized compounds, along with analysis of kinetic behavior and molecular docking studies. The synthesized compound, 1c was (IC50 = 11.5 µM) more active than kojic acid (IC50 = 78.0 µM). Lineweaver Burk plots were used to analyze the kinetic behavior of the most active compound 1c, it was reversible and competitive behavior. Compound 1c and kojic acid occurred in the presence of 2-hydroxyketone, which has the same inhibitory mechanism. The molecular docking of compound 1c and the control kojic acid were docked against 2Y9X protein via the Schrodinger Suite. The compound 1c showed a respectable dock score (−5.6 kcal/mol) compared to kojic acid with a dock score of (−5.2 kcal/mol) in the 2Y9X protein. Cytotoxicity activity was also evaluated by using HepG2 (liver), MCF-7 (breast), and HeLa (cervical) cancer cell lines, and high activity for 1c (GI50 = 0.01, 0.03, and 0.04 µM, respectively) against all cell lines was found compared to standard and other compounds. Therefore, this study succeeded in testing a few promising molecules as potential antityrosinase agents.
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33
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Piechowska K, Mizerska-Kowalska M, Zdzisińska B, Cytarska J, Baranowska-Łączkowska A, Jaroch K, Łuczykowski K, Płaziński W, Bojko B, Kruszewski S, Misiura K, Łączkowski KZ. Tropinone-Derived Alkaloids as Potent Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Tyrosinase Inhibition, Mechanism of Action, DFT Calculation, and Molecular Docking Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239050. [PMID: 33260768 PMCID: PMC7731314 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of hybrid compounds with tropinone and thiazole rings in the structure was designed and synthesized as potential anticancer agents. They were tested against human multiple myeloma (RPMI 8226), lung carcinoma (A549), breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), and mouse skin melanoma (B16-F10) cell lines. Toxicity was tested on human normal skin fibroblasts (HSF) and normal colon fibroblasts (CCD-18Co). The growth inhibition mechanism of the most active derivative was analyzed through investigation of its effect on the distribution of cell cycle phases and ability to induce apoptosis and necrosis in RPMI 8226 and A549 cancer cells. The tyrosinase inhibitory potential was assessed, followed by molecular docking studies. Compounds 3a–3h show high anticancer activity against MDA-MB-231 and B16-F10 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.51–3.03 µM. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of the investigated compounds against HSF and CCD-18Co cells was 8–70 times lower than against the cancer cells or no toxicity was shown in our tests, with derivative 3a being particularly successful. The mechanism of action of compound 3a in RPMI 8226 cell was shown to be through induction of cell death through apoptosis. The derivatives show ability to inhibit the tyrosinase activity with a mixed mechanism of inhibition. The final molecular docking results showed for IC50 distinct correlation with experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Piechowska
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.P.); (J.C.); (K.M.)
| | - Magdalena Mizerska-Kowalska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Barbara Zdzisińska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Joanna Cytarska
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.P.); (J.C.); (K.M.)
| | | | - Karol Jaroch
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.J.); (K.Ł.); (B.B.)
| | - Kamil Łuczykowski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.J.); (K.Ł.); (B.B.)
| | - Wojciech Płaziński
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Barbara Bojko
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.J.); (K.Ł.); (B.B.)
| | - Stefan Kruszewski
- Medical Physics Division, Biophysics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jagiellońska 13, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Konrad Misiura
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.P.); (J.C.); (K.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Z. Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (K.P.); (J.C.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Ujan R, Saeed A, Ashraf S, Channar PA, Abbas Q, Rind MA, Hassan M, Raza H, Seo SY, El-Seedi HR. Synthesis, computational studies and enzyme inhibitory kinetics of benzothiazole-linked thioureas as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:7035-7043. [PMID: 32762529 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1804459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report synthesis of a set of benzothiazole-thiourea hybrids with aromatic and aliphatic side chains (BT1 to BT9) using an elegant synthetic strategy. The newly synthesized benzothiazole-thiourea conjugates were subjected to In-vitro tyrosinase inhibition and free radical scavenging activity. Majority of the compounds indicated inhibition considerably improved than the standard; compound (Kojic acid with IC50 = 16.8320 ± 1.1600 µM) BT2 with IC50 = 1.3431 ± 0.0254 µM was found to be the best inhibitor. A non-competitive mode of inhibition of BT2 was disclosed with Ki value of 2.8 µM. In order to study enzyme-inhibitor interactions SAR analysis molecular docking was carried out. The amino groups of thiourea were involved in hydrogen bonding with Glu322 showing the bond length of 1.74 and 2.70 Å, respectively. Moreover, the coupling of π-π was displayed between benzothiazole and benzene rings of His244 and His263, respectively. The outcome of this study might help to develop new inhibitors of melanogenesis, important for cosmetic and food products. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabail Ujan
- Dr. M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saba Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-Khail-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (SA-CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of Physiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Mahboob Ali Rind
- Dr. M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Saeed A, Channar PA, Arshad M, El‐Seedi HR, Abbas Q, Hassan M, Raza H, Seo S. Novel
N
‐(benzo[d]oxazol‐2‐yl)alkanamides; synthesis and carbonic anhydrase
II
inhibition studies. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Saeed
- Department of ChemistryQuaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Arshad
- Chemistry Division Directorate of SciencePINSTECH Nilore Pakistan
| | - Hesham R. El‐Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Medicinal ChemistryBiomedical Center (BMC), Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB)The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan
| | - Hussain Raza
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Biological SciencesKongju National University Gongju Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Yum Seo
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Biological SciencesKongju National University Gongju Republic of Korea
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36
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Overview on developed synthesis procedures of coumarin heterocycles. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-01984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractConsidering highly valuable biological and pharmaceutical properties of coumarins, the synthesis of these heterocycles has been considered for many organic and pharmaceutical chemists. This review includes the recent research in synthesis methods of coumarin systems, investigating their biological properties and describing the literature reports for the period of 2016 to the middle of 2020. In this review, we have classified the contents based on co-groups of coumarin ring. These reported methods are carried out in the classical and non-classical conditions particularly under green condition such as using green solvent, catalyst and other procedures.
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37
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Raza H, Abbasi MA, Rehman AU, Siddiqui SZ, Hassan M, Shah SAA, Shahid M, Hong H, Seo SY. Design, synthesis and computational studies of N-(substituted-phenyl)-4-(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)butanamides as potent anti-melanogenic and tyrosinase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Alanazi SA, Abdel-Wahab BF, Hegazy AS, Kariuki BM, El-Hiti GA. 2-[3-(4-Chloro-phen-yl)-5-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-4,5-di-hydro-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl]-5-[(4-fluoro-phen-yl)diazen-yl]-4-methyl-thia-zole. IUCRDATA 2020; 5:x200700. [PMID: 36337147 PMCID: PMC9462218 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314620007002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The mol-ecule of the title compound, C25H18ClF2N5S, comprises almost co-planar fluoro-phenyl, methyl-thia-zolyl, pyrazolyl and chloro-phenyl rings with the second fluoro-phenyl ring almost perpendicular to this plane. One fluoro-phenyl group is disordered over two components of occupancy ratio 0.767 (10):0.233 (10) related by a 24.2 (8)° twist. In the crystal, two mol-ecules related by inversion symmetry are linked by a pair of C-H⋯F contacts in an R(8)2 2 geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud A. Alanazi
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bakr F. Abdel-Wahab
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Amany S. Hegazy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
| | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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39
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Zhao Z, Liu G, Meng Y, Tian J, Chen X, Shen M, Li Y, Li B, Gao C, Wu S, Li C, He X, Jiang R, Qian M, Zheng X. Synthesis and anti-tyrosinase mechanism of the substituted vanillyl cinnamate analogues. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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40
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Zolghadri S, Bahrami A, Hassan Khan MT, Munoz-Munoz J, Garcia-Molina F, Garcia-Canovas F, Saboury AA. A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:279-309. [PMID: 30734608 PMCID: PMC6327992 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1545767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multi-copper enzyme which is widely distributed in different organisms and plays an important role in the melanogenesis and enzymatic browning. Therefore, its inhibitors can be attractive in cosmetics and medicinal industries as depigmentation agents and also in food and agriculture industries as antibrowning compounds. For this purpose, many natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have been developed by different screening methods to date. This review has focused on the tyrosinase inhibitors discovered from all sources and biochemically characterised in the last four decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Asieh Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - J. Munoz-Munoz
- Group of Microbiology, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - F. Garcia-Molina
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - F. Garcia-Canovas
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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41
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Facile synthesis of new quinazolinone benzamides as potent tyrosinase inhibitors: Comparative spectroscopic and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.126915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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42
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Raza H, Abbasi MA, Siddiqui SZ, Hassan M, Abbas Q, Hong H, Shah SAA, Shahid M, Seo SY. Synthesis, molecular docking, dynamic simulations, kinetic mechanism, cytotoxicity evaluation of N-(substituted-phenyl)-4-{(4-[(E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl]-1-piperazinyl} butanamides as tyrosinase and melanin inhibitors: In vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches. Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103445. [PMID: 31826809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the current research work, different N-(substituted-phenyl)-4-{(4-[(E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl]-1-piperazinyl}butanamides have been synthesized according to the protocol described in scheme 1. The synthesis was initiated by reacting various substituted anilines (1a-e) with 4-chlorobutanoyl chloride (2) in aqueous basic medium to give various electrophiles, 4-chloro-N-(substituted-phenyl)butanamides (3a-e). These electrophiles were then coupled with 1-[(E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl]piperazine (4) in polar aprotic medium to attain the targeted N-(substituted-phenyl)-4-{(4-[(E)-3-phenyl-2-propenyl]-1-piperazinyl}butanamides (5a-e). The structures of all derivatives were identified and characterized by proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) and Infra-Red (IR) spectral data along with CHN analysis. The in vitro inhibitory potential of these butanamides was evaluated against Mushroom tyrosinase, whereby all compounds were found to be biologically active. Among them, 5b exhibited highest inhibitory potential with IC50 value of 0.013 ± 0.001 µM. The same compound 5b was also assayed through in vivo approach, and it was explored that it significantly reduced the pigments in zebrafish. The in silico studies were also in agreement with aforesaid results. Moreover, these molecules were profiled for their cytotoxicity through hemolytic activity, and it was found that except 5e, all other compounds showed minimal toxicity. The compound 5a also exhibited comparable results. Hence, some of these compounds might be worthy candidates for the formulation and development of depigmentation drugs with minimum side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Raza
- College of Natural Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, South Korea
| | | | | | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of Physiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Hansol Hong
- College of Natural Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, South Korea
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia; Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- College of Natural Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, South Korea.
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Yang Y, Sun X, Ni H, Du X, Chen F, Jiang Z, Li Q. Identification and Characterization of the Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Caffeine from Camellia Pollen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12741-12751. [PMID: 31659899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase inhibitors are important in cosmetic, medical, and food industries due to their regulation of melanin production. A tyrosinase inhibitor was purified from Camellia pollen using high-speed countercurrent chromatography and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and was identified as caffeine by NMR and mass spectrometry. It showed strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 18.5 ± 2.31 μg/mL in a noncompetitive model. The caffeine did not interact with copper ions in the active center of the enzyme but could quench fluorescence intensity and change the secondary conformation of this tyrosinase. A molecular dynamics simulation showed that caffeine bound this tyrosinase via Lys379, Lys 376, Asp357, Glu356, Thr308, Gln307, Asp312, and Trp358, thus changing the binding sites of l-tyrosine and the loop conformation adjacent to the active center. In vitro cell model analysis revealed that caffeine exhibited significant inhibitory effects on both intracellular tyrosinase activity and melanin production of B16-F10 melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. These comprehensive results suggest that caffeine is a strong tyrosinase inhibitor that has the potential to be developed as skin-whitening agents in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries or as antibrowning agents in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfan Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
| | - Xu Sun
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
| | - Xiping Du
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences , Clemson University , Clemson , South Carolina 29634 , United States
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
| | - Qingbiao Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering , Jimei University , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
- Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City , Xiamen , Fujian 361021 , China
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Dige NC, Mahajan PG, Raza H, Hassan M, Vanjare BD, Hong H, Hwan Lee K, latip J, Seo SY. Ultrasound mediated efficient synthesis of new 4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)furan-2-carboxamides as potent tyrosinase inhibitors: Mechanistic approach through chemoinformatics and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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45
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Rosada B, Bekier A, Cytarska J, Płaziński W, Zavyalova O, Sikora A, Dzitko K, Łączkowski KZ. Benzo[b]thiophene-thiazoles as potent anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents: Design, synthesis, tyrosinase/tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors, molecular docking study, and antioxidant activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111765. [PMID: 31629163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and investigation of anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of novel thiazoles containing benzo [b]thiophene moiety are presented. Among the derivatives, compound 3k with adamantyl group shows exceptionally high potency against Me49 strain with IC50 (8.74 μM) value which is significantly lower than the activity of trimethoprim (IC50 39.23 μM). In addition, compounds 3a, 3b and 3k showed significant activity against RH strain (IC50 51.88-83.49 μM). The results of the cytotoxicity evaluation showed that Toxoplasma gondii growth was inhibited at non-cytotoxic concentrations for the mammalian L929 fibroblast (CC30 ∼ 880 μM). The most active compound 3k showed tyrosinase inhibition effect, with IC50 value of 328.5 μM. The binding energies calculated for compounds 3a-3e, 3k are strongly correlated with the experimentally determined values of tyrosinase inhibition activity. Moreover, the binding energies corresponding to the same ligands and calculated for both tyrosinase and tyrosine hydroxylase are also correlated with each other, suggesting that tyrosinase inhibitors may also have an inhibitory effect on tyrosine hydroxylase. Compounds 3j and 3k have also very strong antioxidant activity (IC50 15.9 and 15.5 μM), respectively, which is ten times higher than well-known antioxidant BHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Rosada
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adrian Bekier
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Cytarska
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Płaziński
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Cracow, Poland
| | - Olga Zavyalova
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adam Sikora
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dzitko
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Z Łączkowski
- Department of Chemical Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Jurasza 2, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Mustafa MN, Saeed A, Channar PA, Larik FA, Zain-ul abideen M, Shabir G, Abbas Q, Hassan M, Raza H, Seo SY. Synthesis, molecular docking and kinetic studies of novel quinolinyl based acyl thioureas as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors and free radical scavengers. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103063. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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47
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Piechowska K, Świtalska M, Cytarska J, Jaroch K, Łuczykowski K, Chałupka J, Wietrzyk J, Misiura K, Bojko B, Kruszewski S, Łączkowski KZ. Discovery of tropinone-thiazole derivatives as potent caspase 3/7 activators, and noncompetitive tyrosinase inhibitors with high antiproliferative activity: Rational design, one-pot tricomponent synthesis, and lipophilicity determination. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:162-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Zhao Z, Bai Y, Xie J, Chen X, He X, Sun Y, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Wu S, Zheng X. Excavating precursors from the traditional Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia and Gastrodia elata: Synthesis, anticonvulsant activity evaluation of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) ester derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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49
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Butt ARS, Abbasi MA, Aziz-ur-Rehman, Siddiqui SZ, Raza H, Hassan M, Shah SAA, Shahid M, Seo SY. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of tyrosinase inhibiting novel bi-heterocyclic acetamides: Mechanistic insights through enzyme inhibition, kinetics and computational studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:459-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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50
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Evren AE, Yurttaş L, Eksellı B, Akalın-Cıftcı G. Novel Tri-substituted Thiazoles Bearing Piperazine Ring: Synthesis and Evaluation of their Anticancer Activity. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180731122118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer cells are described as an unregulated growth and spread of abnormal
cells. Recently, cancer has become the most important major reason for deaths in the world.
Methods:
For anticancer activity, we have used the MTT method and determine the early/late apoptosis
by flow cytometry.
Results:
The title compounds were procured by reacting 2-chloro-N-[4-(pyridin-4-yl)thiazol-2-
yl]acetamide with some substituted piperazine derivatives. The in vitro anticancer activity of synthesized
compounds was tested against C6 rat glioma cells and A549 human lung carcinoma cells. As a
result, the compounds 3d, 3e, 3f and 3g have shown anticancer activity against both cell line.
Conclusion:
Specifically, compound 3f was determined as the most active compound against C6 rat
glioma cells. Also, as understood, the core structure which is substituted with piperazine bridge, the
heterocyclic aromatic derivatives are more active than phenyl or benzyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Evrim Evren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir-26470, Turkey
| | - Leyla Yurttaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir-26470, Turkey
| | - Busra Eksellı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir-26470, Turkey
| | - Gulsen Akalın-Cıftcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir-26470, Turkey
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