1
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Jordan EJ, Calder EDE, Adcock HV, Male L, Nieger M, Slootweg JC, Jupp AR. Azophosphines: Synthesis, Structure and Coordination Chemistry. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401358. [PMID: 38624247 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The conceptual replacement of nitrogen with phosphorus in common organic functional groups unlocks new properties and reactivity. The phosphorus-containing analogues of triazenes are underexplored but offer great potential as flexible and small bite-angle ligands. This manuscript explores the synthesis and characterisation of a family of air-stable azophosphine-borane complexes, and their subsequent deprotection to the free azophosphines. These compounds are structurally characterised, both experimentally and computationally, and highlight the availability of the phosphorus lone pair for coordination. This is confirmed by demonstrating that neutral azophosphines can act as ligands in Ru complexes, and can coordinate as monodentate or bidentate ligands in a controlled manner, in contrast to their nitrogen analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Jordan
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ethan D E Calder
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Holly V Adcock
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A. I. Virtasen aukio 1, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Chris Slootweg
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew R Jupp
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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2
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Abbas HAS, Nossier ES, El-Manawaty MA, El-Bayaa MN. New sulfonamide-based glycosides incorporated 1,2,3-triazole as cytotoxic agents through VEGFR-2 and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13028. [PMID: 38844493 PMCID: PMC11156913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
New sulfonamide-triazole-glycoside hybrids derivatives were designed, synthesised, and investigated for anticancer efficacy. The target glycosides' cytotoxic activity was studied with a panel of human cancer cell lines. Sulfonamide-based derivatives, 4, 7 and 9 exhibited promising activity against HepG-2 and MCF-7 (IC50 = 8.39-16.90 μM against HepG-2 and 19.57-21.15 μM against MCF-7) comparing with doxorubicin (IC50 = 13.76 ± 0.45, 17.44 ± 0.46 μM against HepG-2 and MCF-7, rescpectively). To detect the probable action mechanism, the inhibitory activity of these targets was studied against VEGFR-2, carbonic anhydrase isoforms hCA IX and hCA XII. Compoumds 7 and 9 gave favorable potency (IC50 = 1.33, 0.38 μM against VEGFR-2, 66, 40 nM against hCA IX and 7.6, 3.2 nM against hCA XII, respectively), comparing with sorafenib and SLC-0111 (IC50 = 0.43 μM, 53 and 4.8 nM, respectively). Moreover, the docking simulation was assessed to supply better rationalization and gain insight into the binding affinity between the promising derivatives and their targeted enzymes that was used for further modification in the anticancer field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebat-Allah S Abbas
- Department of Photochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Eman S Nossier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
- The National Committee of Drugs, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, 11516, Egypt
| | - May A El-Manawaty
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N El-Bayaa
- Department of Photochemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, 51452, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Bendi A, Taruna, Rajni, Kataria S, Singh L, Kennedy JF, Supuran CT, Raghav N. Chemistry of heterocycles as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: A pathway to novel research in medicinal chemistry review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400073. [PMID: 38683875 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the scientific community has focused on dealing with different kinds of diseases by exploring the chemistry of various heterocycles as novel drugs. In this connection, medicinal chemists identified carbonic anhydrases (CA) as one of the biologically active targets for curing various diseases. The widespread distribution of these enzymes and the high degree of homology shared by the different isoforms offer substantial challenges to discovering potential drugs. Medicinal and synthetic organic chemists have been continuously involved in developing CA inhibitors. This review explored the chemistry of different heterocycles as CA inhibitors using the last 11 years of published research work. It provides a pathway for young researchers to further explore the chemistry of a variety of synthetic as well as natural heterocycles as CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Bendi
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Taruna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Rajni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sweety Kataria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Lakhwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Neutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Neera Raghav
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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Debnath J, Keshamasetthy D, Combs J, Leon K, Vullo D, Chatterjee A, McKenna R, Supuran CT. A comparative study of diaryl urea molecules with and without sulfonamide group on Carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibition and its consequence on breast cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107192. [PMID: 38382393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the intrinsic relation between carbonic anhydrase inhibition and anticancer activity, we have prepared four sets of diaryl urea molecules and tested for the inhibition of hCA-IX and XII on two breast cancer cell lines. Among 21 compounds, compound J2 (with -SO2NH2 group) and J16 (without -SO2NH2 group) showed the best activity under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The IC50 values of J16 for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, under normoxic condition were 6.3 and 3.7 µM respectively, which are 1.9/3.3 and 15.8 times better than U-4-Nitro and SLC-0111 respectively. Whereas, under the hypoxic condition the corresponding values were 12.4 and 1.1 µM (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells respectively), which are equal/8 times better than U-4-Nitro. Whereas, J2 showed better IC50 value than U-4-Nitro (6.3 µM) under normoxic condition for both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells (1.9/2.7 times). Compound J2 inhibits the activity of hCA-IX and XII in nanomolar concentration [Ki values 4.09 and 9.10 nM respectively with selectivity ratio of 1.8 and 0.8 with hCA-II]. The crystal structure and modelling studies demonstrates that the inhibition of CAs arises due to the blocking of the CO2 coordination site of zinc in its catalytic domain. However, J16 was found to be unable to inhibit the activity of hCAs (Ki > 89000 nM). qPCR and western blot analysis showed a significant reduction (1.5 to 20 fold) of the transcription and expression of HIF1A, CA9 and CA12 genes in presence of J2 and J16. Both J2 and J16 found to reduce accumulation of HIF-1α protein by inhibiting the chaperone activity of hHSP70 with IC50 values of 19.4 and 15.3 µM respectively. Perturbation of the hCA-IX and XII activity by binding at active site or by reduced expression or by both leads to the decrease of intracellular pH, which resulted in concomitant increase of reactive oxygen species by 2.6/2.0 (MCF-7) and 2.9/1.8 (MDA-MB-231) fold for J2/J16. Increased cyclin D1 expression in presence of J2 and J16 was presumed to be indirectly responsible for the apoptosis of the cancer cells. Expression of the other apoptosis markers Bcl-2, Bim, caspase 9 and caspase 3 substantiated the apoptosis mechanism. However, decreased transcription/expression of HIF1A/HIF-1α and hCA-IX/XII also implies the inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway by J2 and J16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Tamilnadu 613401, India.
| | - Dhananjaya Keshamasetthy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Tamilnadu 613401, India
| | - Jacob Combs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610 EL, USA
| | - Katherine Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610 EL, USA
| | - Daniela Vullo
- University of Florence, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) 50019 Italy
| | - Abhijit Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research - Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610 EL, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- University of Florence, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) 50019 Italy
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Yapar G, Lolak N, Bonardi A, Akocak S, Supuran CT. Exploring the potency of diazo-coumarin containing hybrid molecules: Selective inhibition of tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300626. [PMID: 38193633 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a series of ten hybrid molecules DK(1-10), which combine diazo and coumarin moieties along with diverse aromatic substitutions. The primary objective was to evaluate the inhibitory capabilities of these compounds against four prominent isoforms: the cytosolic hCA I and II, as well as the tumor-associated membrane-bound hCA IX and XII. Impressively, the majority of the tested compounds exhibited significant inhibition activity against the tumor-associated isoforms hCA IX and XII, with KI values ranging from 29.2 to 293.3 nM. Notably, compound DK-8 displayed particularly robust inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms, hCA IX and XII, yielding KI values of 32.5 and 29.2 nM, respectively. Additionally, another derivative, DK-9, containing a primary sulfonamide, exhibited notable inhibition against hCA XII with a KI value of 36.4 nM. This investigation aimed to explore the structure-activity relationships within these compounds, shedding light on how various substitutions and structural components influence their inhibitory potential. As a result, these compounds present promising candidates for further exploration in medicinal and pharmacological research. Their ability to selectively inhibit specific isoforms, particularly those associated with hypoxic tumors, suggests their potential as foundational compounds for the development of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Yapar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, Türkiye
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, 02040, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, 02040, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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Tekeli T, Akocak S, Petreni A, Lolak N, Çete S, Supuran CT. Potent carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX and XII inhibition activity of novel primary benzenesulfonamides incorporating bis-ureido moieties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2185762. [PMID: 36880350 PMCID: PMC9987750 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2185762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of twelve aromatic bis-ureido-substituted benzenesulfonamides was synthesised by conjugation of aromatic aminobenzenesulfonamides with aromatic bis-isocyanates. The obtained bis-ureido-substituted derivatives were tested against four selected human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII). Most of the new compounds showed an effective inhibitory profile against isoforms hCA IX and hCA XII, also having some selectivity with respect to hCA I and hCA II. The inhibition constants of these compounds against isoforms hCA IX and XII were in the range of 6.73-835 and 5.02-429 nM, respectively. Since hCA IX and hCA XII are important drug targets for anti-cancer/anti-metastatic drugs, these effective inhibitors reported here may be considered of interest for cancer related studies in which these enzymes are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Tekeli
- Vocational School of Technical Science, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Andrea Petreni
- NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Servet Çete
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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7
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Akocak S, Lolak N, Giovannuzzi S, Supuran CT. Potent and selective carbonic anhydrase inhibition activities of pyrazolones bearing benzenesulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 95:129479. [PMID: 37704010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This research introduces a series of fourteen 4-aryl-hydrazonopyrazolone sulfonamide derivatives, denoted as 3(a-g) and 4(a-g), which encompass various aromatic substitutions. The aim was to assess the inhibitory potential of these compounds against four significant isoforms, including the cytosolic isoforms hCA I and II, as well as the tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms hCA IX and XII. Most of the tested compounds exhibited substantial inhibition against the tumor-associated isoform hCA IX, with Ki values spanning from 1.1 to 158.2 nM. Notably, compounds 3e and 3g showed particularly strong inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms, hCA IX and XII, while maintaining a high selectivity ratio over cytosolic off-target isoforms hCA I and II. This selectivity is vital due to the potential of hCA IX and hCA XII as drug targets for hypoxic tumors. In an effort to create novel analogs that exhibit enhanced carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity and specificity, we investigated the structure-activity relationships of these compounds and provided a concise interpretation of our findings. Consequently, these compounds merit consideration for subsequent medicinal and pharmacological research, holding potential for developing novel therapeutic agents targeting specific isoforms in hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, 02040 Adıyaman, Turkey.
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, 02040 Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Simone Giovannuzzi
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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8
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Aydin H, Akocak S, Lolak N, Uslu U, Sait A, Korkmaz S, Parmaksiz A, Ceylan O, Aksakal A. In vitro multitarget activity of sulfadiazine substituted triazenes as antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and larvicidal agents. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23467. [PMID: 37466109 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) causes difficulties in the treatment of infections and cancer. Research and development studies have become increasingly important for the strategy of preventing MDR. There is a need for new multitarget drug research and advancement to reduce the development of drug resistance in drug-drug interactions and reduce cost and toxic effects. This study aimed to determine the effects of multi-target triazene compounds on antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, cytotoxic, and larvicidal activities were investigated in vitro. A series of 12 novel of 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted sulfadiazine (SDZ) derivatives were synthesized, and the obtained pure products characterized in detail by spectroscopic and analytic methods (FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and melting points). The antibacterial and antifungal activities of these derivatives (AH1-12) were determined by broth microdilution method. All derivatives have been evaluated in cell-based assays for cytotoxic and antiviral activities against Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara. The larvicidal efficacy of these chemical compounds was also investigated by using Lucilia sericata (L. sericata) larvae. Twelve 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted SDZ derivatives (AH1-12) were designed and developed as potent multitargeted compounds. Among them, the AH1 derivative showed the most antibacterial and antifungal activity. Besides, synthesized derivatives AH2, AH3, AH5, and AH7 showed higher antiviral activity than SDZ. All synthesized derivatives showed higher cytotoxic activity than SDZ. Also, they showed larvicidal activity at 72 h of the experiment. As a result, these compounds might be great leads for the development of next-generation multitargeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Aydin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
| | - Uğur Uslu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Sait
- Virology Laboratory of Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Serol Korkmaz
- Virology Laboratory of Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Parmaksiz
- Virology Laboratory of Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Onur Ceylan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Abdulbaki Aksakal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adıyaman, Türkiye
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Alkhayal Z, Shinwari Z, Gaafar A, Alaiya A. Fluconazole-Induced Protein Changes in Osteogenic and Immune Metabolic Pathways of Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Osteopetrosis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13841. [PMID: 37762144 PMCID: PMC10531073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopetrosis is a rare inherited disease caused by osteoclast failure, resulting in increasing bone density in humans. Patients with osteopetrosis possess several dental and cranial complications. Since carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) deficiency is a major cause of osteopetrosis, CA-II activators might be an attractive potential treatment option for osteopetrosis patients. We conducted comprehensive label-free quantitative proteomics analysis on Fluconazole-treated Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells from CA-II-Deficient Osteopetrosis Patients. We identified 251 distinct differentially expressed proteins between healthy subjects, as well as untreated and azole-treated derived cells from osteopetrosis patients. Twenty-six (26) of these proteins were closely associated with osteogenesis and osteopetrosis disease. Among them are ATP1A2, CPOX, Ap2 alpha, RAP1B and some members of the RAB protein family. Others include AnnexinA1, 5, PYGL, OSTF1 and PGAM4, all interacting with OSTM1 in the catalytic reactions of HCO3 and the Cl- channel via CAII regulation. In addition, the pro-inflammatory/osteoclast regulatory proteins RACK1, MTSE, STING1, S100A13, ECE1 and TRIM10 are involved. We have identified proteins involved in osteogenic and immune metabolic pathways, including ERK 1/2, phosphatase and ATPase, which opens the door for some CA activators to be used as an alternative drug therapy for osteopetrosis patients. These findings propose that fluconazole might be a potential treatment agent for CAII- deficient OP patients. Altogether, our findings provide a basis for further work to elucidate the clinical utility of azole, a CA activator, as a therapeutic for OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikra Alkhayal
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
- Department of Dentistry, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakia Shinwari
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Ameera Gaafar
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Ayodele Alaiya
- Therapeutics & Biomarker Discovery for Clinical Applications, Cell Therapy & Immunobiology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (Z.S.); (A.G.)
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10
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Supuran CT. A simple yet multifaceted 90 years old, evergreen enzyme: Carbonic anhydrase, its inhibition and activation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 93:129411. [PMID: 37507055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) research over the last three decades are presented, with an emphasis on the deciphering of the activation mechanism, the development of isoform-selective inhibitors/ activators by the tail approach and their applications in the management of obesity, hypoxic tumors, neurological conditions, and as antiinfectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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11
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Akocak S, Lolak N, Duran HE, Işık M, Türkeş C, Durgun M, Beydemir Ş. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel 1,3-Diaryltriazene-Substituted Sulfaguanidine Derivatives as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Biological Evaluation, in Silico ADME/T and Molecular Docking Study. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300611. [PMID: 37470688 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonamide compounds known as human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitors are used in the treatment of many diseases such as epilepsy, antibacterial, glaucoma, various diseases. 1,3-diaryl-substituted triazenes and sulfaguanidine are used for therapeutic purposes in many drug structures. Based on these two groups, the synthesis of new compounds is important. In the present study, the novel 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted sulfaguanidine derivatives (SG1-13) were synthesized and fully characterized by spectroscopic and analytic methods. Inhibitory effect of these compounds on the hCA I and hCA II was screened as in vitro. All the series of synthesized compounds have been identified as potential hCA isoenzymes inhibitory with KI values in the range of 6.44±0.74-86.85±7.01 nM for hCA I and with KI values in the range of 8.16±0.40-77.29±9.56 nM for hCA II. Moreover, the new series of compounds showed a more effective inhibition effect than the acetazolamide used as a reference. The possible binding positions of the compounds with a binding affinity to the hCA I and hCA II was demonstrated by in silico studies. In conclusion, compounds with varying degrees of affinity for hCA isoenzymes have been designed and as selective hCA inhibitors. These compounds may be potential alternative agents that can be used to treat or prevent diseases associated with glaucoma and hCA inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, 02040, Turkey
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, 02040, Turkey
| | - Hatice Esra Duran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, 36100, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, 11230, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, 24002, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, 63290, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, 26470, Turkey
- Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, 11230, Turkey
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12
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Angeli A, Petrou A, Kartsev V, Lichitsky B, Komogortsev A, Capasso C, Geronikaki A, Supuran CT. Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of Griseofulvin and Usnic Acid Sulfonamide Derivatives as Fungal, Bacterial and Human Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032802. [PMID: 36769114 PMCID: PMC9917406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the essential reaction of CO2 hydration in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho-/physiological conditions. A series of griseofulvin and usnic acid sulfonamides were synthesized and tested as possible CA inhibitors. Since β- and γ- classes are expressed in microorganisms in addition to the α- class, showing substantial structural differences to the human isoforms they are also interesting as new antiinfective targets with a different mechanism of action for fighting the emerging problem of extensive drug resistance afflicting most countries worldwide. Griseofulvin and usnic acid sulfonamides were synthesized using methods of organic chemistry. Their inhibitory activity, assessed against the cytosolic human isoforms hCA I and hCA II, the transmembrane hCA IX as well as β- and γ-CAs from different bacterial and fungal strains, was evaluated by a stopped-flow CO2 hydrase assay. Several of the investigated derivatives showed interesting inhibition activity towards the cytosolic associate isoforms hCA I and hCA II, as well as the three γ-CAs and Malassezia globosa (MgCA) enzyme. Six compounds (1b-1d, 1h, 1i and 1j) were more potent than AAZ against hCA I while five (1d, 1h, 1i, 1j and 4a) showed better activity than AAZ against the hCA II isoform. Moreover, all compounds appeared to be very potent against MgCA with a Ki lower than that of the reference drug. Furthermore, computational procedures were used to investigate the binding mode of this class of compounds within the active site of human CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NeuroFarba Department, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR (National Research Council), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anthi Petrou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Boris Lichitsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey Komogortsev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR (National Research Council), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NeuroFarba Department, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (C.T.S.)
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13
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Abdelgawad MA, Bukhari SNA, Musa A, Elmowafy M, Elkomy MH, Nayl AA, El-Ghorab AH, Alsohaimi IH, Abdel-Bakky MS, Althobaiti IO, Altaleb HA, Omar HA, Abdelazeem AH, Zaki MA, Shaker ME, Elshemy HAH. New Sulfamethoxazole Derivatives as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase IX and XII Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity and Molecular Modeling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091134. [PMID: 36145355 PMCID: PMC9501356 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study new sulphamethoxazole derivatives (S1-S4, S6-S12, and S14-S22) were designed and synthesized and their structures were fully characterized and validated using NMR, mass, and IR spectroscopy, as well as elemental analyses. All new derivatives (S1-S22) were assayed against human carbonic anhydrase (hCAs IX and XII) for their inhibitory activities. hCAs IX and XII were chosen due to the fact that CAIX expression is recognized as a hypoxia marker with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. When compared to Dorzolamide HCl as a standard reference, derivatives S2, S3, S8, S9, and S15 had the most effective inhibition with low IC50 values. The active compounds were further evaluated against hCAs I and II inhibitory activity and compounds S8, S9 and S15 showed the least inhibitory effect compared to the reference standard, acetazolamide, indicating that their effect in normal cells is the lowest. Cell viability tests for the selected compounds were carried out on MCF7 (normoxia and hypoxia) and on the normal breast cell line (MCF10a) with Staurosporine as a standard. The results showed that compound S15 had a highly potent cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis results showed that compound S15 triggered cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in G1/S of MCF7 cancer cells. Finally, molecular docking was performed to point out the possible explanation for the vital structural features and key-interactions exerted by our ligands with hCAs IX and XII that might share additional designs and highlight possible leads for a hopeful anticancer agent. Consequently, sulphamethoxazole Derivative S15 could be the potential lead for emerging selective cytotoxic compounds directing h CAs IX and XII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72431, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +96-65-9543-5214
| | - Syed N. A. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H. Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - AbdElAziz. A. Nayl
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. El-Ghorab
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Sadek Abdel-Bakky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim O. Althobaiti
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamud A. Altaleb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany A. Omar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed H. Abdelazeem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 11681, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Zaki
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba A. H. Elshemy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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14
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Antibacterial, Antioxidant and DNA Cleavage Activity Evaluation of Substituted Phenylureido Sulfaguanidine and Sulfamethazine Derivatives. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Eraslan-Elma P, Akdemir A, Berrino E, Bozdağ M, Supuran CT, Karalı N. New 1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-thiosemicarbazones with 3-sulfamoylphenyl moiety as selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200023. [PMID: 35500156 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
1-Methyl/ethyl/benzyl-5-(un)substituted 1H-indole-2,3-diones (2, 3, and 4) were synthesized by reaction of 5-(un)substituted 1H-indole-2,3-diones (1) with methyl iodide, ethyl chloride, and benzyl bromide. (3-Sulfamoylphenyl)isothiocyanate (6) was obtained by the treatment of 3-aminobenzenesulfonamide (5) with thiophosgene. Compound 6 was reacted with hydrazine to yield 4-(3-sulfamoylphenyl)thiosemicarbazide (7). Novel 1-(un)substituted/methyl/ethyl/benzyl-5-(un)substituted 1H-indole-2,3-dione 3-[4-(3-sulfamoylphenyl)thiosemicarbazone] derivatives (8-11) were prepared by condensation of 7 and 1-4. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data. Inhibition of the widely distributed cytosolic off-targets human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs) I and II, and two tumor-associated membrane-bound isoforms (hCAs IX and XII), by 8-11 was investigated. The hCA II inhibitory effects of all tested compounds were in the subnanomolar to low nanomolar levels (Ki = 0.32-83.3 nM), and generally high selectivity for hCA II isoenzyme over hCA I, IX, and XII isoenzymes was observed. The strongest inhibitors of hCA II, 1-benzyl-5-(trifluoromethoxy)-substituted 11c (Ki = 0.32 nM) and 1-ethyl-5-chloro-substituted 10e (Ki = 0.35 nM), were docked within the enzyme active site. Molecular modeling studies with the most effective hCA IX and XII inhibitors were also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emanuela Berrino
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Murat Bozdağ
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Nilgün Karalı
- Health Sciences Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Binuclear Cu(II) complex based on N-acetylanthranilic acid induces significant cytotoxic effect on three cancer cell lines. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: an update on experimental agents for the treatment and imaging of hypoxic tumors. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2021; 30:1197-1208. [PMID: 34865569 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.2014813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxic tumors, unlike normal tissues, overexpress proteins involved in oxygen sensing, metabolism, pH regulation, angiogenesis, immunological response, and other survival mechanisms, which are under investigation as antitumor drug targets. AREAS COVERED Carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms CA IX and XII are among these validated antitumor/antimetastatic drug targets, with several of their inhibitors undergoing preclinical or clinical-stage investigations. Alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents or radiotherapy, CA IX/XII inhibitors, such as SLC-0111, SLC-149, S4, 6A10, etc., were shown to inhibit the growth of the primary tumor, metastases, and invasiveness of many tumor types, being also amenable for the development of imaging agents. EXPERT OPINION SLC-0111 is the most investigated agent, being in Phase Ib/II clinical trials. In addition to its interference with extracellular acidifications, it has been shown to promote ferroptosis in cancer cells, another antitumor mechanism of this compound and the entire class. A large number sulfonamide and non-sulfonamide inhibitors have been developed using SLC-0111 as lead in the last three years, together with hybrid agents incorporating CA inhibitors and other anticancer chemotypes, including cytotoxins, telomerase, thioredoxin or P-glycoprotein inhibitors, adenosine A2A receptor antagonists, pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitors or antimetabolites. All of them showed significant antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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18
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Nocentini A, Angeli A, Carta F, Winum JY, Zalubovskis R, Carradori S, Capasso C, Donald WA, Supuran CT. Reconsidering anion inhibitors in the general context of drug design studies of modulators of activity of the classical enzyme carbonic anhydrase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:561-580. [PMID: 33615947 PMCID: PMC7901698 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1882453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic anions inhibit the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) generally by coordinating to the active site metal ion. Cyanate was reported as a non-coordinating CA inhibitor but those erroneous results were subsequently corrected by another group. We review the anion CA inhibitors (CAIs) in the more general context of drug design studies and the discovery of a large number of inhibitor classes and inhibition mechanisms, including zinc binders (sulphonamides and isosteres, dithiocabamates and isosteres, thiols, selenols, benzoxaboroles, ninhydrins, etc.); inhibitors anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule (phenols, polyamines, sulfocoumarins, thioxocoumarins, catechols); CAIs occluding the entrance to the active site (coumarins and derivatives, lacosamide), as well as compounds that bind outside the active site. All these new chemotypes integrated with a general procedure for obtaining isoform-selective compounds (the tail approach) has resulted, through the guidance of rigorous X-ray crystallography experiments, in the development of highly selective CAIs for all human CA isoforms with many pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Raivis Zalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - William A Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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19
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Bilginer S, Gul HI, Hanci H, Gulcin I. Antibacterial and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Potentials of Triazenes Containg Sulfonamide Moiety. Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Avula SK, Rehman NU, Khan M, Halim SA, Khan A, Rafiq K, Csuk R, Das B, Al-Harrasi A. New synthetic 1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives of 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid from Boswellia sacra inhibit carbonic anhydrase II in vitro. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Elbadawi MM, Eldehna WM, Nocentini A, Abo-Ashour MF, Elkaeed EB, Abdelgawad MA, Alharbi KS, Abdel-Aziz HA, Supuran CT, Gratteri P, Al-Sanea MM. Identification of N-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfonyl)acetamides/propanamides as new SLC-0111 analogues: Synthesis and evaluation of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activities. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 218:113360. [PMID: 33773285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a front-runner selective CA IX inhibitor currently in Phase Ib/II clinical trials, SLC-0111 has been herein exploited as a lead molecule for development of new different sets of N-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfonyl)acetamides/propanamides incorporating different functionalities; primary sulfonamide (5a-f), free carboxylic (8a, 8d), ethyl ester (8b, 8e), acetyl (8c, 8f) and nitro (10a, 10b), as potential carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. All the prepared analogues have been examined for their CA inhibitory activities towards four human (h) isoenzymes, hCA I, II, IX and XII. Interestingly, replacement of SLC-0111 ureido linker with the flexible sulfonyl acetamide linker, as well as linker branching and elongation strategies successfully enhanced the inhibitory action toward hCA IX isoform, such as in sulfones 5a-d and 5f which displayed better activity than SLC-0111. Furthermore, sulfonamide-based sulfone (5f) and carboxylic acid-based sulfones (8a and 8d) demonstrated interesting selectivity toward the tumor-related hCA IX isoform over both hCA I and hCA II, which suggests them as promising candidates for further development as potential anticancer candidates. Thereafter, the anti-proliferative action for sulfones 5f, 8a and 8d was examined against breast (MCF-7) and colon (HCT-116) cancer cell lines. Also, sulfone 5f was further assessed for its impact on the cell cycle progression and apoptosis in HCT-116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mahmoud F Abo-Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Chahal V, Nirwan S, Pathak M, Kakkar R. Identification of potent human carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors: a combination of pharmacophore modeling, 3D-QSAR, virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4516-4531. [PMID: 33317405 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1860132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) is a promising target for the development of potential anticancer agents. In the current study, pharmacophore and 3D-QSAR models have been developed using SLC-0111 derivatives. The developed models have been further utilized for the virtual screening process to develop potent hCA IX inhibitors. Thirteen different models have been developed by employing various combinations of training and test set molecules. Based on this, a model, AADDR.135, comprising two H-bond acceptors, two H-bond donors and one aromatic ring, has been found as the best QSAR model. The proposed model exhibits high robustness (R2 = 0.9789), with good predictive ability (Q2 = 0.6872). An external library of drug-like compounds (∼10000 molecules) imported from the ZINC15 database has been screened over the model AADDR.135. In total, 1601 compounds were obtained as hits. Molecular docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on the obtained hits and, based on these computations, two unique molecules have been identified as potential hCA IX inhibitors. These show higher binding energies compared to the parent molecule and its most potent analogue.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Chahal
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sonam Nirwan
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mallika Pathak
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rita Kakkar
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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23
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Supuran CT. Experimental Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Hypoxic Tumors. J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:603-617. [PMID: 33364855 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s265620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms IX and XII are overexpressed in many hypoxic tumors as a consequence of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) activation cascade, being present in limited amounts in normal tissues. These enzymes together with many others are involved in the pH regulation and metabolism of hypoxic cancer cells, and were validated as antitumor targets recently. A multitude of targeting strategies against these enzymes have been proposed and are reviewed in this article. The small molecule inhibitors, small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADACs) or cytokine-drug conjugates but not the monoclonal antibodies against CA IX/XII will be discussed. Relevant synthetic chemistry efforts, coupled with a multitude of preclinical studies, demonstrated that CA IX/XII inhibition leads to the inhibition of growth of primary tumors and metastases and depletes cancer stem cell populations, all factors highly relevant in clinical settings. One small molecule inhibitor, sulfonamide SLC-0111, is the most advanced candidate, having completed Phase I and being now in Phase Ib/II clinical trials for the treatment of advanced hypoxic solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence 50019, Italy
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24
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Alkhaldi AAM, Al-Sanea MM, Nocentini A, Eldehna WM, Elsayed ZM, Bonardi A, Abo-Ashour MF, El-Damasy AK, Abdel-Maksoud MS, Al-Warhi T, Gratteri P, Abdel-Aziz HA, Supuran CT, El-Haggar R. 3-Methylthiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazole-benzenesulfonamide conjugates as novel carbonic anhydrase inhibitors endowed with anticancer activity: Design, synthesis, biological and molecular modeling studies. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112745. [PMID: 32877804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe design and synthesis of different series of novel small molecules featuring 3-methylthiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazole moiety (as a tail) connected to the zinc anchoring benzenesulfonamide moiety via ureido (7), enaminone (12), hydrazone (14), or hydrazide (15) linkers. The newly prepared conjugates have been screened for their inhibitory activities toward four human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms: hCA I, II, IX and XII. Thereafter, the urea and enaminone linkers were elongated by one- or two-atoms spacers to afford the elongated counterparts 9 and 13, respectively. Finally, the zinc anchoring sulfonamide group was replaced by the carboxylic acid group to afford acids 17. Compounds 12d, 13b and 15 displayed single-digit nanomolar CA IX inhibitory activities (KIs = 6.2, 9.7 and 5.5 nM, respectively), along with good selectivity towards hCA IX over hCA I and II. Subsequently, they were screened for their growth inhibitory actions against breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, and for their impact on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Moreover, a molecular docking study was conducted to gain insights for the plausible binding interactions of target sulfonamides within hCA isoforms II, IX and XII binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam A M Alkhaldi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33516, Egypt; Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Zainab M Elsayed
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mahmoud F Abo-Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K El-Damasy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Abdel-Maksoud
- Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC (ID: 60014618)), Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Radwan El-Haggar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, 11795, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Llanos MA, Sbaraglini ML, Villalba ML, Ruiz MD, Carrillo C, Alba Soto C, Talevi A, Angeli A, Parkkila S, Supuran CT, Gavernet L. A structure-based approach towards the identification of novel antichagasic compounds: Trypanosoma cruzi carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:21-30. [PMID: 31619095 PMCID: PMC6807911 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1677638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi carbonic anhydrase (TcCA) has recently emerged as an interesting target for the design of new compounds to treat Chagas disease. In this study we report the results of a structure-based virtual screening campaign to identify novel and selective TcCA inhibitors. The combination of properly validated computational methodologies such as comparative modelling, molecular dynamics and docking simulations allowed us to find high potency hits, with KI values in the nanomolar range. The compounds also showed trypanocidal effects against T. cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. All the candidates are selective for inhibiting TcCA over the human isoform CA II, which is encouraging in terms of possible therapeutic safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Llanos
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L. Sbaraglini
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L. Villalba
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María D. Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein (ICT Milstein), Argentinean National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Carrillo
- Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein (ICT Milstein), Argentinean National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Alba Soto
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alan Talevi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Luciana Gavernet
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Oguz M, Kalay E, Akocak S, Nocentini A, Lolak N, Boga M, Yilmaz M, Supuran CT. Synthesis of calix[4]azacrown substituted sulphonamides with antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1215-1223. [PMID: 32401067 PMCID: PMC7269057 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1765166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel calix[4]azacrown substituted sulphonamide Schiff bases was synthesised by the reaction of calix[4]azacrown aldehydes with different substituted primary and secondary sulphonamides. The obtained novel compounds were investigated as inhibitors of six human (h) isoforms of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Their antioxidant profile was assayed by various bioanalytical methods. The calix[4]azacrown substituted sulphonamide Schiff bases were also investigated as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase enzymes, associated with several diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, and pigmentation disorders. The new sulphonamides showed low to moderate inhibition against hCAs, AChE, BChE, and tyrosinase enzymes. However, some of them possessed relevant antioxidant activity, comparable with standard antioxidants used in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Oguz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Advanced Material and Nanotechnology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erbay Kalay
- Kars Vocational School, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Boga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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27
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Andring JT, Fouch M, Akocak S, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Ilies MA, McKenna R. Structural Basis of Nanomolar Inhibition of Tumor-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase IX: X-Ray Crystallographic and Inhibition Study of Lipophilic Inhibitors with Acetazolamide Backbone. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13064-13075. [PMID: 33085484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study provides a structure-activity relationship study of a series of lipophilic carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors with an acetazolamide backbone. The inhibitors were tested against the tumor-expressed CA isozyme IX (CA IX), and the cytosolic CA I, CA II, and membrane-bound CA IV. The study identified several low nanomolar potent inhibitors against CA IX, with lipophilicities spanning two log units. Very potent pan-inhibitors with nanomolar potency against CA IX and sub-nanomolar potency against CA II and CA IV, and with potency against CA I one order of magnitude better than the parent acetazolamide 1 were also identified in this study, together with compounds that displayed selectivity against membrane-bound CA IV. A comprehensive X-ray crystallographic study (12 crystal structures), involving both CA II and a soluble CA IX mimetic (CA IX-mimic), revealed the structural basis of this particular inhibition profile and laid the foundation for further developments toward more potent and selective inhibitors for the tumor-expressed CA IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Andring
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Mallorie Fouch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff no. 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff no. 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marc A Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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28
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Angeli A, Carta F, Nocentini A, Winum JY, Zalubovskis R, Akdemir A, Onnis V, Eldehna WM, Capasso C, Simone GD, Monti SM, Carradori S, Donald WA, Dedhar S, Supuran CT. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Targeting Metabolism and Tumor Microenvironment. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10100412. [PMID: 33066524 PMCID: PMC7602163 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10100412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is crucial for the growth of cancer cells, triggering particular biochemical and physiological changes, which frequently influence the outcome of anticancer therapies. The biochemical rationale behind many of these phenomena resides in the activation of transcription factors such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and 2 (HIF-1/2). In turn, the HIF pathway activates a number of genes including those involved in glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, and pH regulation. Several carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, such as CA IX and XII, actively participate in these processes and were validated as antitumor/antimetastatic drug targets. Here, we review the field of CA inhibitors (CAIs), which selectively inhibit the cancer-associated CA isoforms. Particular focus was on the identification of lead compounds and various inhibitor classes, and the measurement of CA inhibitory on-/off-target effects. In addition, the preclinical data that resulted in the identification of SLC-0111, a sulfonamide in Phase Ib/II clinical trials for the treatment of hypoxic, advanced solid tumors, are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Jean-Yves Winum
- IBMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34296 Montpellier, France;
| | - Raivis Zalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006 Riga, Latvia, Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 3/7 Paula Valdena Str., 1048 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Fatih, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
| | - Valentina Onnis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. n° 8, Km 0.700, I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources—National Research Council, via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages—National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Simona Maria Monti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages—National Research Council, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.S.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - William A. Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, 1466 Sydney, Australia;
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence:
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29
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Bilginer S, Gul HI, Anil B, Demir Y, Gulcin I. Synthesis and in silico studies of triazene-substituted sulfamerazine derivatives as acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrases inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 354:e2000243. [PMID: 32984993 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of sulfonamides, 4-(3-phenyltriaz-1-en-1-yl)-N-(4-methyl-2-pyrimidinyl)benzenesulfonamides (1-9), was designed and synthesized by the diazo reaction between sulfamerazine and substituted aromatic amines for the first time. Their chemical structures were characterized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectra. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated in terms of acetylcholineasterase (AChE) and human carbonic anhydrases (hCA) I and II isoenzymes inhibitory activities. According to the AChE inhibition results, the Ki values of the compounds 1-9 were in the range of 19.9 ± 1.5 to 96.5 ± 20.7 nM against AChE. Tacrine was used as the reference drug and its Ki value was 49.2 ± 2.7 nM against AChE. The Ki values of the compounds 1-9 were in the range of 10.2 ± 2.6 to 101.4 ± 27.8 nM against hCA I, whereas they were 18.3 ± 4.4 to 48.1 ± 4.5 nM against hCA II. Acetazolamide was used as a reference drug and its Ki values were 72.2 ± 5.4 and 52.2 ± 5.7 nM against hCA I and hCA II, respectively. The most active compounds, 1 (nonsubstituted) against AChE, 5 (4-ethoxy-substituted) against hCA I, and 8 (4-bromo-substituted) against hCA II, were chosen and docked at the binding sites of these enzymes to explain the inhibitory activities of the series. The newly synthesized compounds presented satisfactory pharmacokinetic properties via the estimation of ADME properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bilginer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halise I Gul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Baris Anil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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30
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Mishra CB, Tiwari M, Supuran CT. Progress in the development of human carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and their pharmacological applications: Where are we today? Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2485-2565. [PMID: 32691504 DOI: 10.1002/med.21713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are widely distributed metalloenzymes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They efficiently catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and H+ ions and play a crucial role in regulating many physiological processes. CAs are well-studied drug target for various disorders such as glaucoma, epilepsy, sleep apnea, and high altitude sickness. In the past decades, a large category of diverse families of CA inhibitors (CAIs) have been developed and many of them showed effective inhibition toward specific isoforms, and effectiveness in pathological conditions in preclinical and clinical settings. The discovery of isoform-selective CAIs in the last decade led to diminished side effects associated with off-target isoforms inhibition. The many new classes of such compounds will be discussed in the review, together with strategies for their development. Pharmacological advances of the newly emerged CAIs in diseases not usually associated with CA inhibition (neuropathic pain, arthritis, cerebral ischemia, and cancer) will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra B Mishra
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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31
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Lolak N, Akocak S, Türkeş C, Taslimi P, Işık M, Beydemir Ş, Gülçin İ, Durgun M. Synthesis, characterization, inhibition effects, and molecular docking studies as acetylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors of novel benzenesulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine structural motifs. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103897. [PMID: 32413628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Some metabolic enzyme inhibitors can be used in the treatment of many diseases. Therefore, synthesis and determination of alternative inhibitors are essential. In this study, the inhibition effect of newly synthesized compounds on carbonic anhydrase (cytosolic isoforms, hCA I and hCA II), α-glycosidase (α-GLY), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were investigated. The possible binding mechanism of the compounds with a high inhibitory effect on the active site of the enzyme was demonstrated by molecular docking method. We investigated the inhibition effects of novel synthesized compounds (MZ1-MZ11) on metabolic enzymes such as α-GLY, AChE, and hCA I and II. The compound MZ6 for AChE, MZ8 for CA I and CA II and MZ7 for α-GLY showed a very active inhibition profile (KIs 51.67 ± 4.76 for hCA I, 40.35 ± 5.74 nM for hCA II, 41.74 ± 8.08 nM for α-GLY and 335.76 ± 46.91 nM for AChE). The novel synthesized compounds (MZ1-MZ11) have a higher enzyme (α-GLY, AChE, hCA I, and II) inhibitory potential than ACR, TAC, and AZA, respectively. The compounds may have the potential to be used as alternative medicines after further research in the treatment of many diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure, ulcer, and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman 02040, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman 02040, Turkey.
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın 74100, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa 63300, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa 63290, Turkey
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32
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Işık M, Akocak S, Lolak N, Taslimi P, Türkeş C, Gülçin İ, Durgun M, Beydemir Ş. Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, and in silico studies of novel 1,3‐diaryltriazene‐substituted sulfathiazole derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000102. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health ServicesHarran UniversityŞanlıurfa Turkey
| | - Süleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAdıyaman UniversityAdıyaman Turkey
| | - Nabih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAdıyaman UniversityAdıyaman Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of ScienceBartın UniversityBartın Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of PharmacyErzincan Binali Yıldırım UniversityErzincan Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of SciencesAtatürk UniversityErzurum Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and SciencesHarran UniversityŞanlıurfa Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAnadolu UniversityEskişehir Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali UniversityBilecik Turkey
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33
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Singh P, Swain B, Thacker PS, Sigalapalli DK, Purnachander Yadav P, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Arifuddin M. Synthesis and carbonic anhydrase inhibition studies of sulfonamide based indole-1,2,3-triazole chalcone hybrids. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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34
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N-Quinary heterocycle-4-sulphamoylbenzamides exert anti-hypoxic effects as dual inhibitors of carbonic anhydrases I/II. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103931. [PMID: 32450385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Acute mountain sickness (AMS) affects approximately 25-50% of newcomers to high altitudes. Two human carbonic anhydrase isoforms, hCA I and II, play key roles in developing high altitude illnesses. However, the only FDA-approved drug for AMS is acetazolamide (AAZ), which has a nearly 100 times weaker inhibitory activity against hCA I (Ki = 1237.10 nM) than hCA II (Ki = 13.22 nM). Hence, developing potent dual hCA I/II inhibitors for AMS prevention and treatment is a critical medical need. Here we identified N-quinary heterocycle-4-sulphamoylbenzamides as potent hCA I/II inhibitors. The newly designed compounds 2b, 5b, 5f, 6d, and 6f possessed the desired inhibitory activities (hCA I: Ki = 16.95-52.71 nM; hCA II: Ki = 8.61-18.64 nM). Their hCA I inhibitory capacity was 22- to 76-fold stronger than that of AAZ. Relative to the control group for survival in a mouse model of hypoxia, 2b and 6d prolonged the survival time of mice by 21.7% and 29.3%, respectively, which was longer than those of AAZ (6.5%). These compounds did not display any apparent toxicity in vitro and in vivo. In addition, docking simulations suggested that the quinary aromatic heterocycle groups stabilised the interaction between hCA I/II and the inhibitors, which could be further exploited in structure optimization studies. Hence, future functional studies may confirm 2b and 6d as potential clinical candidate compounds with anti-hypoxic activity against AMS.
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35
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Bilginer S, Gul HI, Erdal FS, Sakagami H, Gulcin I. New halogenated chalcones with cytotoxic and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory properties: 6‐(3‐Halogenated phenyl‐2‐propen‐1‐oyl)‐2(3
H
)‐benzoxazolones. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e1900384. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bilginer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAtaturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Halise I. Gul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAtaturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Feyza S. Erdal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAtaturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University School of DentistryMeikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M‐RIO) Sakado Saitama Japan
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceAtaturk University Erzurum Turkey
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36
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Structure-activity relationship of human carbonic anhydrase-II inhibitors: Detailed insight for future development as anti-glaucoma agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 95:103557. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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37
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Bilginer S, Gonder B, Gul HI, Kaya R, Gulcin I, Anil B, Supuran CT. Novel sulphonamides incorporating triazene moieties show powerful carbonic anhydrase I and II inhibitory properties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 35:325-329. [PMID: 31813300 PMCID: PMC6913647 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1700240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of compounds incorporating 3-(3-(2/3/4-substituted phenyl)triaz-1-en-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide moieties were synthesised and their chemical structure was confirmed by physico-chemical methods. Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory effects of the compounds were evaluated against human isoforms hCA I and II. KI values of these sulphonamides were in the range of 21 ± 4–72 ± 2 nM towards hCA I and in the range of 16 ± 6–40 ± 2 nM against hCA II. The 4-fluoro substituted derivative might be considered as an interesting lead due to its effective inhibitory action against both hCA I and hCA II (KIs of 21 nM), a profile rarely seen among other sulphonamide CA inhibitors, making it of interest in systems where the activity of the two cytosolic isoforms is dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bilginer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Baris Gonder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halise Inci Gul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ruya Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Central Research & Application Laboratory, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Baris Anil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Canakci D, Koyuncu I, Lolak N, Durgun M, Akocak S, Supuran CT. Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of novel copper and silver complexes of 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted sulfonamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:110-116. [PMID: 30362387 PMCID: PMC6211257 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1530994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a series of 10 novel copper (II) and silver complexes of 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted sulfonamides was synthesised. All the synthesised ligands and their metal complexes were assessed for in vitro cytotoxicity against human colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1), cervix carcinoma (HeLa), breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), endometrial adenocarcinoma (ECC-1), prostate cancer (DU-145 and PC-3), normal embryonic kidney (HEK-293), normal prostate epithelium (PNT-1A), and normal retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells. Most of the metal complexes from the series showed to be more active against all cancerous cells than the uncomplexed 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted sulfonamides, and lower cytotoxic effects observed on normal cells. Most of the Cu (II) and Ag (I) metal complexes from the presented series showed high cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with IC50 values ranging from 2.08 to >300 µM. Specifically, compound L3-Ag showed one of the highest cytotoxicity against all cancer cell lines with IC50 values between 3.30 to 16.18 µM among other tested compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Canakci
- Department of Chemistry, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Nabih Lolak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Deparment of Chemistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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Bua S, Supuran CT. Diagnostic markers for glaucoma: a patent and literature review (2013-2019). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:829-839. [PMID: 31510806 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1667336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is commonly diagnosed solely in advanced stages of the disease when important and irreversible losses of visual field have already occurred. The identification of effective biomarkers and methods for diagnostic purposes are main interests of the scientific community. Areas covered: This review presents an overview of the current diagnostic methods used for glaucoma and introduces the areas where new efforts are being done for the identification of more sensitive and specific biomarkers. The review then covers the patent literature of the period 2013-2019 regarding diagnostic approaches and biomarkers of glaucoma and the claimed methods for their qualitative and/or quantitative analysis. Expert opinion: In the absence of treatment, glaucoma can cause blindness in a few years. Early diagnostic tools are urgently needed, as this disease incidence is deemed to rapidly increase in the next decades. The current diagnosis of glaucoma, which is based on specific signs of the disease, such as high intraocular pressure, specific optic nerve head changes and visual field loss, is not enough anymore. Molecular genetics represents the area where most efforts are currently made to improve the early detection and monitoring of the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bua
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence , Florence , Italy
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40
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Synthesis of coumarin-sulfonamide derivatives and determination of their cytotoxicity, carbonic anhydrase inhibitory and molecular docking studies. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111702. [PMID: 31542715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases isoforms CA IX, and XII are known to be highly expressed in various human tissues and malignancies. CA IX is a prominent target for especially colorectal cancers, because it is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and this overexpression leads poor prognosis. Inhibition of CA IX activity by small molecule CA inhibitors like sulfonamides, sulfonamide derivative or coumarins leads to inhibition of tumorigenesis. Novel twenty-seven compounds in three series (sulfonamide-based imines (6a-6i), coumarin-based aldehydes (7a-7i), and coumarin-sulfonamide-based target molecules (8a-8i)) were synthesized and characterized by means of IR, NMR, and mass spectra. All compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit CA I, CA II, CA IX, and CA XII isoforms. 4-((((2-((1-(3-((2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)propyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)naphthalen-1-yl)-methylene)amino)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (8i) exhibited the highest hCA IX inhibition with the Ki of 45.5 nM. In addition, 8i was found to be potent in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation as selective (IC50 = 17.01 ± 1.35 μM for HT-29, IC50 = 118.73 ± 1.19 μM for HEK293T). This novel compound inhibited the CA IX and CA XII protein expression in HT-29 cells. These findings indicate that 8i can inhibit cellular proliferation in human colon cancer cells by specifically targeting the CA IX and CA XII expression.
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41
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Lolak N, Akocak S, Bua S, Sanku RKK, Supuran CT. Discovery of new ureido benzenesulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine moieties as carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX and XII inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1588-1594. [PMID: 30846402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of twenty novel ureido benzenesulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine moieties substituted on one side with aromatic amines and on the other side with dimethylamine, morpholine and piperidine is reported. The compounds were synthesized from the 4-(3-(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)ureido)benzensulfonamide (1) by using stepwise nucleophilic substitution of the chlorine atoms of cyanuric chloride. The intermediates 2(a-e) and final compounds 3(a-o) were tested for their efficiency as carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors against four selected physiologically relevant human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, namely, the cytosolic ones hCA I and II, and the transmembrane, tumor associated ones hCA IX, and XII. The compounds 2a, 2e and 3m showed the highest activity for hCA IX with Kis in the range of 11.8-14.6 nM. Most of the compounds showed high hCA IX selectivity over the abundant off-target isoforms hCA I and II. Since hCA IX is a validated drug target for anticancer/antimetastatic agents, these isoform-selective and potent inhibitors may be considered of interest for further medicinal/pharmacologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, 02040 Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, 02040 Adiyaman, Turkey.
| | - Silvia Bua
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Rajesh K K Sanku
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, 19104 Philadelphia, United States
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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Abo-Ashour MF, Eldehna WM, Nocentini A, Ibrahim HS, Bua S, Abdel-Aziz HA, Abou-Seri SM, Supuran CT. Novel synthesized SLC-0111 thiazole and thiadiazole analogues: Determination of their carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity and molecular modeling studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:794-802. [PMID: 30978604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the presented work, we report the design and synthesis of novel SLC-0111 thiazole and thiadiazole analogues (11a-d, 12a-d, 16a-c and 17a-d). A bioisosteric replacement approach was adopted to replace the 4-fluorophenyl tail of SLC-0111 with thiazole and thiadiazole ones, which were thereafter extended with lipophilic un/substituted phenyl moieties. All the newly synthesized SLC-0111 analogues were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activity towards a panel of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms (hCA I, II, IX and XII), using a stopped-flow CO2 hydrase assay. All the examined isoforms were inhibited by the primary sulfonamide derivatives (11a-d and 12a-d) in variable degrees with the following KI ranges: 162.6-7136 nM for hCA I, 9.0-833.6 nM for hCA II, 7.9-153.0 nM for hCA IX, and 9.4-94.0 nM for hCA XII. In particular, compounds 12b and 12d displayed 5.5-fold more potent inhibitory activity (KIs = 8.3 and 7.9 nM, respectively) than SLC-0111 (KI = 45 nM) towards hCA IX. Molecular docking study was carried out for 12d within the hCA IX (PDB 3IAI) active site, to justify its inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud F Abo-Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33516, Egypt.
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Hany S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Silvia Bua
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Abou-Seri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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Lolak N, Akocak S, Bua S, Supuran CT. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ureido benzenesulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine moieties as potent carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 82:117-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Akocak S, Boga M, Lolak N, Tuneg M, Sanku RKK. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,3-diaryltriazene-substituted sulfonamides as antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.516444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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45
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Akocak S, Lolak N, Bua S, Nocentini A, Karakoc G, Supuran CT. α-Carbonic anhydrases are strongly activated by spinaceamine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:800-804. [PMID: 30683554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-substituted-spinaceamine (4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-imidazolo[4,5-c]pyridine) were prepared from histamine and aromatic aldehydes Schiff bases, and investigated as activators of four human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, the cytosolic hCA I, II and VII, and the membrane-associated hCA IV. All isoforms were effectively activated by the new derivatives, and the nature of the moiety in position 4 of the bicyclic system was the factor influencing activation properties against all isoforms. For hCA I, these compounds showed KAs in the range of 2.52-21.5 µM, the most effective activator being 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-spinaceamine. For hCA II the activation constants ranged between 0.60 and 17.2 µM, with 4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)- spinaceamine the best activator. Affinity for hCA IV was in the range of 0.52-63.8 µM, and the same compound as for hCA II was the most effective activator. The most sensitive isoform for activation was the brain-associated hCA VII, for which KAs in the range of 82 nM-4.26 µM were observed. Effective hCA VII activators were the (2-bromophenyl)-, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl- and furyl-substituted spineaceamines (KAs of 82-95 nM). As CA activators may have pharmacologic applications in various fields, this work provides interesting derivatives for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, 02040 Adiyaman, Turkey.
| | - Nabih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, 02040 Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Silvia Bua
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Gulcin Karakoc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, 02040 Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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El-Gazzar MG, Nafie NH, Nocentini A, Ghorab MM, Heiba HI, Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition with a series of novel benzenesulfonamide-triazole conjugates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1565-1574. [PMID: 30274535 PMCID: PMC6171417 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1513927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterisation of a novel series of triazole benzenesulfonamide derivatives, which incorporate the general pharmacophore associated with carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. The synthesised compounds were tested in vitro against four human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes, hCA I, hCA II, hCA IV and hCA IX. The obtained results showed that the tumour-associated hCA IX was the most sensitive to inhibition with the synthesised derivatives, with the triazolo-pyridine benzenesulfonamides 14, 16 and 17 being the most effective inhibitors. Some selected compounds were chosen for a single dose anti-proliferative activity testing against a panel of 57 human tumour cell lines and show some anti-proliferative activity ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa G. El-Gazzar
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nessma H. Nafie
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences Section, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mostafa M. Ghorab
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmi I. Heiba
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences Section, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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Eldehna WM, Abo-Ashour MF, Berrino E, Vullo D, Ghabbour HA, Al-Rashood ST, Hassan GS, Alkahtani HM, Almehizia AA, Alharbi A, Abdel-Aziz HA, Supuran CT. SLC-0111 enaminone analogs, 3/4-(3-aryl-3-oxopropenyl) aminobenzenesulfonamides, as novel selective subnanomolar inhibitors of the tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoform IX. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:549-558. [PMID: 30471577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
SLC-0111, an ureido substituted benzenesulfonamide, is a selective carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) IX inhibitor that is currently in Phase I/II clinical trials for the treatment of advanced hypoxic tumors complicated with metastases. Herein we report the synthesis of two series of 3/4-(3-aryl-3-oxopropenyl) aminobenzenesulfonamides 5a-i and 6a-j as SLC-0111 enaminone congeners. The prepared enaminones were in vitro investigated as inhibitors of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA I, II, IV and IX, using a stopped-flow CO2 hydrase assay. All these isoforms were inhibited by the enaminones reported here in variable degrees. The target tumor-associated isoform hCA IX was undeniably the most affected one (KIs: 0.21-7.1 nM), with 6- to 21-fold enhanced activity than SLC-0111 (KI = 45 nM). All the prepared enaminones displayed interesting selectivity towards hCA IX over hCA I (SI: 32 - >35714), hCA II (SI: 2 - 1689) and hCA IV (SI: 11 - >45454). Of particular interest, bioisosteric replacement of phenyl tail with the bulkier 2-naphthyl tail, sulfonamide 6h, achieved the higher II/IX selectivity herein reported with SI of 1689.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud F Abo-Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, P.O. Box 11829, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emanuela Berrino
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Hazem A Ghabbour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sara T Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada S Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Almehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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48
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Akocak S, Lolak N, Bua S, Supuran CT. Discovery of novel 1,3-diaryltriazene sulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase I, II, VII, and IX inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1575-1580. [PMID: 30296852 PMCID: PMC6179046 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1515933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 1,3-diaryltriazene sulfonamides was synthesised by reaction of diazonium salt of metanilamide (3-aminobenzene sulfonamide) with substituted aromatic amines. The obtained new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of four physiologically and pharmacologically relevant human (h) isoforms of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), specifically, hCA I, hCA II, and hCA VII (cytosolic isoforms), as well as the tumour-associated membrane-bound isoform hCA IX. All isoforms investigated here were inhibited by the newly synthesised 1,3-diaryltriazene sulfonamide derivatives from the micromolar to the nanomolar range. The cytosolic isoforms were inhibited with Kis in the range of 92.3–8371.1 nM (hCA I), 4.3–9194.0 nM (hCA II), and 15.6–9477.8 nM (hCA VII), respectively. For the membrane-bound tumour-associated isoform hCA IX, the KI-s ranged between 50.8 and 9268.5 nM. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) with these newly synthesised metanilamide derivatives are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Adiyaman University , Adiyaman , Turkey
| | - Nabih Lolak
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Adiyaman University , Adiyaman , Turkey
| | - Silvia Bua
- b NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
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