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Noguchi Y, Masuda R, Aizawa H, Yoshimura T. Relationship Between Melatonin Receptor Agonists and Parkinson's Disease. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e13002. [PMID: 39119925 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease affects millions of people worldwide, and without significant progress in disease prevention and treatment, its incidence and prevalence could increase by more than 30% by 2030. Researchers have focused on targeting sleep and the circadian system as a novel treatment strategy for Parkinson's disease. This study investigated the association between melatonin receptor agonists and Parkinson's disease, using the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS). The target drugs were melatonin receptor agonists including ramelteon, tasimelteon, and agomelatine. Parkinson's disease cases were defined according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) 25.0; Standardized MedDRA Query (SMQ) using both the "narrow" and "broad" preferred terms (PTs) associated with Parkinson's disease. The association between melatonin receptor agonists (ramelteon, tasimelteon, and agomelatine) and Parkinson's disease was evaluated by the reporting odds ratio. Upon analyzing the data from all patients registered in the FAERS, ramelteon (ROR: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.51-0.84) and tasimelteon (ROR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38-0.62) showed negative correlations with Parkinson's disease. Conversely, only agomelatine was positively correlated with Parkinson's disease (ROR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.04-3.40). These results suggest that among the melatonin receptor agonists, ramelteon and tasimelteon are negatively correlated with Parkinson's disease. In contrast, agomelatine was shown to be positively correlated with Parkinson's disease. These results should be used in research to develop drugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, fully considering the limitations of the spontaneous reporting system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Noguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Rikuto Masuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Haruka Aizawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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2
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Bonilla P, Shanks A, Nerella Y, Porcu A. Effects of chronic light cycle disruption during adolescence on circadian clock, neuronal activity rhythms, and behavior in mice. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1418694. [PMID: 38952923 PMCID: PMC11215055 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1418694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of artificial lighting, particularly during the evening and night, has significantly altered the predictable daily light and dark cycles in recent times. Altered light environments disrupt the biological clock and negatively impact mood and cognition. Although adolescents commonly experience chronic changes in light/dark cycles, our understanding of how the adolescents' brain adapts to altered light environments remains limited. Here, we investigated the impact of chronic light cycle disruption (LCD) during adolescence, exposing adolescent mice to 19 h of light and 5 h of darkness for 5 days and 12 L:12D for 2 days per week (LCD group) for 4 weeks. We showed that LCD exposure did not affect circadian locomotor activity but impaired memory and increased avoidance response in adolescent mice. Clock gene expression and neuronal activity rhythms analysis revealed that LCD disrupted local molecular clock and neuronal activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) and in the medial amygdala (MeA) but not in the circadian pacemaker (SCN). In addition, we characterized the photoresponsiveness of the MeA and showed that somatostatin neurons are affected by acute and chronic aberrant light exposure during adolescence. Our research provides new evidence highlighting the potential consequences of altered light environments during pubertal development on neuronal physiology and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alessandra Porcu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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3
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Ribeiro Franco PI, do Carmo Neto JR, Guerra RO, Ferreira da Silva PE, Braga YLL, Nunes Celes MR, de Menezes LB, Miguel MP, Machado JR. Melatonin: A look at protozoal and helminths. Biochimie 2024; 219:96-109. [PMID: 37541568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a pleiotropic neurohormone found in different animal, plant, and microorganism species. It is a product resulting from tryptophan metabolism in the pineal gland and is widely known for its ability to synchronize the circadian rhythm to antitumor functions in different types of cancers. The molecular mechanisms responsible for its immunomodulatory, antioxidant and cytoprotective effects involve binding to high-affinity G protein-coupled receptors and interactions with intracellular targets that modulate signal transduction pathways. In vitro and in vivo studies have reported the therapeutic potential of melatonin in different infectious and parasitic diseases. In this review, the protective and pathophysiological roles of melatonin in fighting protozoan and helminth infections and the possible mechanisms involved against these stressors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Igor Ribeiro Franco
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Rhanoica Oliveira Guerra
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Escola de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Elias Ferreira da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Yarlla Loyane Lira Braga
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Mara Rúbia Nunes Celes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Liliana Borges de Menezes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Setor de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marina Pacheco Miguel
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Setor de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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Gu P, Wu Y, Lu W. New Perspectives on the Role and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Diseases. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2024; 24:171-195. [PMID: 38436867 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-024-00631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It is essential to develop novel interventions to prevent/delay CVDs by targeting their fundamental cellular and molecular processes. Melatonin is a small indole molecule acting both as a hormone of the pineal gland and as a local regulator molecule in various tissues. It has multiple features that may contribute to its cardiovascular protection. Moreover, melatonin enters all cells and subcellular compartments and crosses morphophysiological barriers. Additionally, this indoleamine also serves as a safe exogenous therapeutic agent. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the beneficial effects of melatonin in preventing and improving cardiovascular risk factors. Exogenous administration of melatonin, as a result of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been reported to decrease blood pressure, protect against atherosclerosis, attenuate molecular and cellular damage resulting from cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, and improve the prognosis of myocardial infarction and heart failure. This review aims to summarize the beneficial effects of melatonin against these conditions, the possible protective mechanisms of melatonin, and its potential clinical applicability in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchen Gu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiang Su Prov., China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiang Su Prov., China
| | - Weiwei Lu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiang Su Prov., China.
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Melatonin Use during Pregnancy and Lactation Complicated by Oxidative Stress: Focus on Offspring's Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health in Animal Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:226. [PMID: 38397824 PMCID: PMC10886428 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome has emerged as a major global public health concern, posing a substantial threat to human health. Early-life exposure to oxidative stress may heighten vulnerability to the developmental programming of adult diseases, encompassing various aspects of CKM syndrome. Conversely, the initiation of adverse programming processes can potentially be thwarted through early-life antioxidant interventions. Melatonin, originally recognized for its antioxidant properties, is an endogenous hormone with diverse biological functions. While melatonin has demonstrated benefits in addressing disorders linked to oxidative stress, there has been comparatively less focus on investigating its reprogramming effects on CKM syndrome. This review consolidates the current knowledge on the role of oxidative stress during pregnancy and lactation in inducing CKM traits in offspring, emphasizing the underlying mechanisms. The multifaceted role of melatonin in regulating oxidative stress, mediating fetal programming, and preventing adverse outcomes in offspring positions it as a promising reprogramming strategy. Currently, there is a lack of sufficient information in humans, and the available evidence primarily originates from animal studies. This opens up new avenues for novel preventive intervention in CKM syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Zhang C, Ma Y, Zhao Y, Guo N, Han C, Wu Q, Mu C, Zhang Y, Tan S, Zhang J, Liu X. Systematic review of melatonin in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: critical role and therapeutic opportunities. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1356112. [PMID: 38375039 PMCID: PMC10875093 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1356112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the predominant causes for the poor prognosis of ischemic stroke patients after reperfusion therapy. Currently, potent therapeutic interventions for cerebral I/R injury are still very limited. Melatonin, an endogenous hormone, was found to be valid in preventing I/R injury in a variety of organs. However, a systematic review covering all neuroprotective effects of melatonin in cerebral I/R injury has not been reported yet. Thus, we perform a comprehensive overview of the influence of melatonin on cerebral I/R injury by collecting all available literature exploring the latent effect of melatonin on cerebral I/R injury as well as ischemic stroke. In this systematic review, we outline the extensive scientific studies and summarize the beneficial functions of melatonin, including reducing infarct volume, decreasing brain edema, improving neurological functions and attenuating blood-brain barrier breakdown, as well as its key protective mechanisms on almost every aspect of cerebral I/R injury, including inhibiting oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, excessive autophagy, glutamate excitotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. Subsequently, we also review the predictive and therapeutic implications of melatonin on ischemic stroke reported in clinical studies. We hope that our systematic review can provide the most comprehensive introduction of current advancements on melatonin in cerebral I/R injury and new insights into personalized diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yumei Ma
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yating Zhao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Han
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Changqing Mu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shutong Tan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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7
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Joseph TT, Schuch V, Hossack DJ, Chakraborty R, Johnson EL. Melatonin: the placental antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339304. [PMID: 38361952 PMCID: PMC10867115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indolamine hormone with many physiological and biological roles. Melatonin is an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenger, circadian rhythm regulator, and sleep hormone. However, its most popular role is the ability to regulate sleep through the circadian rhythm. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that melatonin is an important and essential hormone during pregnancy, specifically in the placenta. This is primarily due to the placenta's ability to synthesize its own melatonin rather than depending on the pineal gland. During pregnancy, melatonin acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, which is necessary to ensure a stable environment for both the mother and the fetus. It is an essential antioxidant in the placenta because it reduces oxidative stress by constantly scavenging for free radicals, i.e., maintain the placenta's integrity. In a healthy pregnancy, the maternal immune system is constantly altered to accommodate the needs of the growing fetus, and melatonin acts as a key anti-inflammatory by regulating immune homeostasis during early and late gestation. This literature review aims to identify and summarize melatonin's role as a powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory that reduces oxidative stress and inflammation to maintain a favorable homeostatic environment in the placenta throughout gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyana T. Joseph
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Viviane Schuch
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Hossack
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rana Chakraborty
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Erica L. Johnson
- Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Li X, Liu C, Zhu H, Wang K, Ren X, Ma L, Zhang X, Liu M, Zhu B. Recent advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes with the function of targeting cancer receptors. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5947-5977. [PMID: 37909733 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01387a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is "the sword of Damocles" that threatens human life and health. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of cancer have been receiving much attention. Many overexpressed receptors on the surface of cancer cells provide us with an effective way to specifically identify the cancer cells, and receptor targeting strategies are becoming one of the hot ideas to enhance the ability of fluorescent probes to target tumors. Fluorescent probes connected to ligands are targeted at cancer cell surfaces through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Receptor-targeting probes can image and track cancer cells, determine tumor boundaries, monitor deep lesions, and play a role in clinical medicine, such as fluorescent imaging-guided surgery. In this review, based on the perspective of small molecule fluorescent probes, we reviewed the design ideas, photophysical properties, and applications of receptor-targeting probes for detecting biomarkers in imaging and tracing cancer cells and prospected the future developmental direction of such probes. We hope that this review will provide more ideas for the design and development of active targeting probes for receptors and lead to more applications in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Hanchuang Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Xiaohua Ren
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Lixue Ma
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Dong S, Kifune T, Kato H, Wang L, Kong J, Hirofuji Y, Sun X, Sato H, Ito Y, Kato TA, Sakai Y, Ohga S, Fukumoto S, Masuda K. Effects of melatonin on dopaminergic neuron development via IP3-mediated mitochondrial Ca 2+ regulation in autism spectrum disorder. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 681:7-12. [PMID: 37742475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin entrainment of suprachiasmatic nucleus-regulating circadian rhythms is mediated by MT1 and MT2 receptors. Melatonin also has neuroprotective and mitochondrial activating effects, suggesting it may affect neurodevelopment. We studied melatonin's pharmacological effects on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) neuropathology. Deciduous tooth-derived stem cells from children with ASD were used to model neurodevelopmental defects and differentiated into dopaminergic neurons (ASD-DNs) with or without melatonin. Without melatonin, ASD-DNs had reduced neurite outgrowth, mitochondrial dysfunction, lower mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, and Ca2+ accumulation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) compared to control DNs from typically developing children-derived stem cells. Melatonin enhanced IP3-dependent Ca2+ release from ER to mitochondria, improving mitochondrial function and neurite outgrowth in ASD-DNs. Luzindole, an MT1/MT2 antagonist, blocked these effects. Thus, melatonin supplementation may improve dopaminergic system development in ASD by modulating mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis via MT1/MT2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshan Dong
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Kifune
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Lu Wang
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Kong
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Hirofuji
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xiao Sun
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ito
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukumoto
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Keiji Masuda
- Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Bagherifard A, Hosseinzadeh A, Koosha F, Sheibani M, Karimi-Behnagh A, Reiter RJ, Mehrzadi S. Melatonin and bone-related diseases: an updated mechanistic overview of current evidence and future prospects. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1677-1701. [PMID: 37393580 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone diseases account for an enormous cost burden on health systems. Bone disorders are considered as age-dependent diseases. The aging of world population has encouraged scientists to further explore the most effective preventive modalities and therapeutic strategies to overcome and reduce the high cost of bone disorders. Herein, we review the current evidence of melatonin's therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases. METHODS This review summarized evidences from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies regarding the effects of melatonin on bone-related diseases, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms. Electronically, Scopus and MEDLINE®/PubMed databases were searched for articles published on melatonin and bone-related diseases from inception to June 2023. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that melatonin has beneficial effect in bone- and cartilage-related disorders such as osteoporosis, bone fracture healing, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, in addition to the control of sleep and circadian rhythms. CONCLUSION A number of animal and clinical studies have indicated that various biological effects of melatonin may suggest this molecule as an effective therapeutic agent for controlling, diminishing, or suppressing bone-related disorders. Therefore, further clinical studies are required to clarify whether melatonin can be effective in patients with bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bagherifard
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Csoma B, Bikov A. The Role of the Circadian Rhythm in Dyslipidaemia and Vascular Inflammation Leading to Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14145. [PMID: 37762448 PMCID: PMC10532147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of death worldwide. Many lines of evidence suggest that the disturbances in circadian rhythm are responsible for the development of CVDs; however, circadian misalignment is not yet a treatable trait in clinical practice. The circadian rhythm is controlled by the central clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and clock genes (molecular clock) located in all cells. Dyslipidaemia and vascular inflammation are two hallmarks of atherosclerosis and numerous experimental studies conclude that they are under direct influence by both central and molecular clocks. This review will summarise the results of experimental studies on lipid metabolism, vascular inflammation and circadian rhythm, and translate them into the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We discuss the effect of time-respected administration of medications in cardiovascular medicine. We review the evidence on the effect of bright light and melatonin on cardiovascular health, lipid metabolism and vascular inflammation. Finally, we suggest an agenda for future research and recommend on clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Csoma
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK;
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Bikov
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK;
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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12
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Zhang WL, Dai ZW, Chen SY, Guo WX, Wang ZW, Wei JS. A novel poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)-PEG-melatonin composite scaffold enhances for inhibiting bone tumor recurrence and enhancing bone regeneration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1246783. [PMID: 37663244 PMCID: PMC10469957 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1246783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Postoperative comprehensive treatment has become increasingly important in recent years. This study was to repair tissue defects resulting from the removal of diseased tissue and to eliminate or inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of residual tumors under the condition of reducing the systemic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. To address these challenges, multifunctional scaffolds based local drug delivery systems will be a promising solution. Methods: An optimal drug-loaded scaffold material PHBV-mPEG5k (PP5) was prepared, which is biocompatible, hydrophilic and biodegradable. Furthermore, this material showed to promote bone healing, and could be conveniently prepared into porous scaffold by freeze-drying the solution. By means of introducing melatonin (MT) into the porous surfaces, the MT loaded PP5 scaffold with desirable sustained release ability was successfully prepared. The effectiveness of the MT loaded PP5 scaffold in promoting bone repair and anti-tumor properties was evaluated through both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results and Discussion: The MT loaded PP5 scaffold is able to achieve the desired outcome of bone tissue repair and anti-bone tumor properties. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the PP5 scaffold was able to enhance the anti-tumor effect of melatonin by improving cellular autophagy, which provided a therapeutic strategy for the comprehensive postoperative treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jin-Song Wei
- Department of Spinal Degeneration and Deformity Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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13
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Silva KMR, França DCH, de Queiroz AA, Fagundes-Triches DLG, de Marchi PGF, Morais TC, Honorio-França AC, França EL. Polarization of Melatonin-Modulated Colostrum Macrophages in the Presence of Breast Tumor Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12400. [PMID: 37569777 PMCID: PMC10419558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human colostrum and milk contain diverse cells and soluble components that have the potential to act against tumors. In breast cancer, macrophages play a significant role in immune infiltration and contribute to the progression and spread of tumors. However, studies suggest that these cells can be reprogrammed to act as an antitumor immune response. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of melatonin and its receptors, MT1 (melatonin receptor 1) and MT2 (melatonin receptor 2), in colostrum and assess the differentiation and polarization of the colostrum macrophages modulated by melatonin in the presence of breast tumor cells. Colostrum samples were collected from 116 mothers and tested for their melatonin and receptor levels. The colostrum cells were treated with or without melatonin and then cultured for 24 h in the presence or absence of breast tumor cells. The results showed that melatonin treatment increased the expression of MT1 and MT2 in the colostrum cells. Furthermore, melatonin treatment increased the percentage of M1 macrophages and decreased the percentage of M2 macrophages. When the colostrum macrophages were cocultured with breast tumor cells, melatonin reduced the percentage of both macrophage phenotypes and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). These data suggest that melatonin can regulate the inflammatory process via M1 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment and, simultaneously, the progression of M2 macrophages that favor tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Maria Rezende Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil (A.A.d.Q.); (D.L.G.F.-T.); (E.L.F.)
| | - Danielle Cristina Honório França
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil; (D.C.H.F.); (P.G.F.d.M.)
| | - Adriele Ataídes de Queiroz
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil (A.A.d.Q.); (D.L.G.F.-T.); (E.L.F.)
| | - Danny Laura Gomes Fagundes-Triches
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil (A.A.d.Q.); (D.L.G.F.-T.); (E.L.F.)
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil; (D.C.H.F.); (P.G.F.d.M.)
| | - Patrícia Gelli Feres de Marchi
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil; (D.C.H.F.); (P.G.F.d.M.)
| | - Tassiane Cristina Morais
- Postgraduate Program in Public Policies and Local Development, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória EMESCAM, Vitória 29045-402, ES, Brazil;
| | - Adenilda Cristina Honorio-França
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil (A.A.d.Q.); (D.L.G.F.-T.); (E.L.F.)
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil; (D.C.H.F.); (P.G.F.d.M.)
| | - Eduardo Luzía França
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil (A.A.d.Q.); (D.L.G.F.-T.); (E.L.F.)
- Institute of Biological and Health Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78600-000, MT, Brazil; (D.C.H.F.); (P.G.F.d.M.)
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14
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Kitase Y, Madurai NK, Hamimi S, Hellinger RL, Odukoya OA, Ramachandra S, Muthukumar S, Vasan V, Sevensky R, Kirk SE, Gall A, Heck T, Ozen M, Orsburn BC, Robinson S, Jantzie LL. Chorioamnionitis disrupts erythropoietin and melatonin homeostasis through the placental-fetal-brain axis during critical developmental periods. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1201699. [PMID: 37546540 PMCID: PMC10398572 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1201699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Novel therapeutics are emerging to mitigate damage from perinatal brain injury (PBI). Few newborns with PBI suffer from a singular etiology. Most experience cumulative insults from prenatal inflammation, genetic and epigenetic vulnerability, toxins (opioids, other drug exposures, environmental exposure), hypoxia-ischemia, and postnatal stressors such as sepsis and seizures. Accordingly, tailoring of emerging therapeutic regimens with endogenous repair or neuro-immunomodulatory agents for individuals requires a more precise understanding of ligand, receptor-, and non-receptor-mediated regulation of essential developmental hormones. Given the recent clinical focus on neurorepair for PBI, we hypothesized that there would be injury-induced changes in erythropoietin (EPO), erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), melatonin receptor (MLTR), NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) signaling, and hypoxia inducible factors (HIF1α, HIF2α). Specifically, we predicted that EPO, EPOR, MLTR1, SIRT1, HIF1α and HIF2α alterations after chorioamnionitis (CHORIO) would reflect relative changes observed in human preterm infants. Similarly, we expected unique developmental regulation after injury that would reveal potential clues to mechanisms and timing of inflammatory and oxidative injury after CHORIO that could inform future therapeutic development to treat PBI. Methods: To induce CHORIO, a laparotomy was performed on embryonic day 18 (E18) in rats with transient uterine artery occlusion plus intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Placentae and fetal brains were collected at 24 h. Brains were also collected on postnatal day 2 (P2), P7, and P21. EPO, EPOR, MLTR1, SIRT1, HIF1α and HIF2α levels were quantified using a clinical electrochemiluminescent biomarker platform, qPCR, and/or RNAscope. MLT levels were quantified with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: Examination of EPO, EPOR, and MLTR1 at 24 h showed that while placental levels of EPO and MLTR1 mRNA were decreased acutely after CHORIO, cerebral levels of EPO, EPOR and MLTR1 mRNA were increased compared to control. Notably, CHORIO brains at P2 were SIRT1 mRNA deficient with increased HIF1α and HIF2α despite normalized levels of EPO, EPOR and MLTR1, and in the presence of elevated serum EPO levels. Uniquely, brain levels of EPO, EPOR and MLTR1 shifted at P7 and P21, with prominent CHORIO-induced changes in mRNA expression. Reductions at P21 were concomitant with increased serum EPO levels in CHORIO rats compared to controls and variable MLT levels. Discussion: These data reveal that commensurate with robust inflammation through the maternal placental-fetal axis, CHORIO impacts EPO, MLT, SIRT1, and HIF signal transduction defined by dynamic changes in EPO, EPOR, MLTR1, SIRT1, HIF1α and HIF2α mRNA, and EPO protein. Notably, ligand-receptor mismatch, tissue compartment differential regulation, and non-receptor-mediated signaling highlight the importance, complexity and nuance of neural and immune cell development and provide essential clues to mechanisms of injury in PBI. As the placenta, immune cells, and neural cells share many common, developmentally regulated signal transduction pathways, further studies are needed to clarify the perinatal dynamics of EPO and MLT signaling and to capitalize on therapies that target endogenous neurorepair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Kitase
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nethra K. Madurai
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sarah Hamimi
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ryan L. Hellinger
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - O. Angel Odukoya
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sindhu Ramachandra
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sankar Muthukumar
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vikram Vasan
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Riley Sevensky
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shannon E. Kirk
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander Gall
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Timothy Heck
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maide Ozen
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin C. Orsburn
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shenandoah Robinson
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lauren L. Jantzie
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Li W, Li W, Zhang W, Wang H, Yu L, Yang P, Qin Y, Gan M, Yang X, Huang L, Hao Y, Geng D. Exogenous melatonin ameliorates steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by modulating ferroptosis through GDF15-mediated signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:171. [PMID: 37400902 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is an iron-related form of programmed cell death. Accumulating evidence has identified the pathogenic role of ferroptosis in multiple orthopedic disorders. However, the relationship between ferroptosis and SONFH is still unclear. In addition, despite being a common disease in orthopedics, there is still no effective treatment for SONFH. Therefore, clarifying the pathogenic mechanism of SONFH and investigating pharmacologic inhibitors from approved clinical drugs for SONFH is an effective strategy for clinical translation. Melatonin (MT), an endocrine hormone that has become a popular dietary supplement because of its excellent antioxidation, was supplemented from an external source to treat glucocorticoid-induced damage in this study. METHODS Methylprednisolone, a commonly used glucocorticoid in the clinic, was selected to simulate glucocorticoid-induced injury in the current study. Ferroptosis was observed through the detection of ferroptosis-associated genes, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial function. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore the mechanism of SONFH. In addition, a melatonin receptor antagonist and shGDF15 were applied to block the therapeutic effect of MT to further confirm the mechanism. Finally, cell experiments and the SONFH rat model were used to detect the therapeutic effects of MT. RESULTS MT alleviated bone loss in SONFH rats by maintaining BMSC activity through suppression of ferroptosis. The results are further verified by the melatonin MT2 receptor antagonist that can block the therapeutic effects of MT. In addition, bioinformatic analysis and subsequent experiments confirmed that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a stress response cytokine, was downregulated in the process of SONFH. On the contrary, MT treatment increased the expression of GDF15 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Lastly, rescue experiments performed with shGDF15 confirmed that GDF15 plays a key role in the therapeutic effects of melatonin. CONCLUSIONS We proposed that MT attenuated SONFH by inhibiting ferroptosis through the regulation of GDF15, and supplementation with exogenous MT might be a promising method for the treatment of SONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Minfeng Gan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Lixin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yuefeng Hao
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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16
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Mubashshir M, Ahmad N, Negi T, Rawal R, Singhvi N, Khatoon H, Laxmi V, Dubey O, Sharma RB, Negi G, Ovais M. Therapeutic Benefits of Melatonin against COVID-19. Neuroimmunomodulation 2023; 30:196-205. [PMID: 37336193 PMCID: PMC10614475 DOI: 10.1159/000531550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The assumption of the pineal hormone melatonin as a therapeutic use for COVID-19-affected people seems promising. Its intake has shown significant improvement in the patients' conditions. Higher melatonin titers in children may provide a protective shield against this disease. The hormone melatonin works as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulator, and strategically slows down the cytokine release which is observed in the COVID-19 disease, thereby improving the overall health of afflicted patients. The medical community is expected shortly to use remedial attributes like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antivirals, etc., of melatonin in the successful prevention and cure of COVID-19 morbidity. Thus, the administration of melatonin seems auspicious in the cure and prevention of this COVID-19 fatality. Moreover, melatonin does not seem to reduce the efficiency of approved vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Melatonin increases the production of inflammatory cytokines and Th1 and enhances both humoral and cell-mediated responses. Through the enhanced humoral immunity, melatonin exhibits antiviral activities by suppressing multiple inflammatory products such as IL-6, IL1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, which are immediately released during lung injury of severe COVID-19. Hence, the novel use of melatonin along with other antivirals as an early treatment option against COVID-19 infection is suggested. Here, we have chalked out the invasion mechanisms and appropriate implications of the latest findings concerned with melatonin against the virus SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, within the setting of a clinical intervention, the promising compounds must go through a series of studies before their recommendation. In the clinical field, this is done in a time-ordered sequence, in line with the phase label affixed to proper protocol of trials: phase I-phase II and the final phase III. Nevertheless, while medical recommendations can only be made on the basis of reassuring evidence, there are still three issues worth considering before implementation: representativeness, validity, and lastly generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mubashshir
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Tripti Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Renu Rawal
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Hina Khatoon
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vijya Laxmi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Om Dubey
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Renu Bala Sharma
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ganga Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Mohd Ovais
- Department of Bio-Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
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17
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Samizadeh MA, Fallah H, Toomarisahzabi M, Rezaei F, Rahimi-Danesh M, Akhondzadeh S, Vaseghi S. Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review on Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Sleep Disturbances, REM Behavior Disorder, and Melatonin. Brain Sci 2023; 13:914. [PMID: 37371392 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. There is a wide range of sleep disturbances in patients with PD, such as insomnia and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (or REM behavior disorder (RBD)). RBD is a sleep disorder in which a patient acts out his/her dreams and includes abnormal behaviors during the REM phase of sleep. On the other hand, melatonin is the principal hormone that is secreted by the pineal gland and significantly modulates the circadian clock and mood state. Furthermore, melatonin has a wide range of regulatory effects and is a safe treatment for sleep disturbances such as RBD in PD. However, the molecular mechanisms of melatonin involved in the treatment or control of RBD are unknown. In this study, we reviewed the pathophysiology of PD and sleep disturbances, including RBD. We also discussed the potential molecular mechanisms of melatonin involved in its therapeutic effect. It was concluded that disruption of crucial neurotransmitter systems that mediate sleep, including norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, and important neurotransmitter systems that mediate the REM phase, including acetylcholine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, are significantly involved in the induction of sleep disturbances, including RBD in PD. It was also concluded that accumulation of α-synuclein in sleep-related brain regions can disrupt sleep processes and the circadian rhythm. We suggested that new treatment strategies for sleep disturbances in PD may focus on the modulation of α-synuclein aggregation or expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Ali Samizadeh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Hamed Fallah
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Toomarisahzabi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Rezaei
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Rahimi-Danesh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13337159140, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj 3365166571, Iran
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18
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Tang KS, Ho CY, Hsu CN, Tain YL. Melatonin and Kidney Health: From Fetal Stage to Later Life. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098105. [PMID: 37175813 PMCID: PMC10179476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, an endogenous hormone mainly released at night by the pineal gland, has multifaceted biofunctions. Emerging evidence points to melatonin having a crucial role in kidney health and disease. As the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still rising, a superior strategy to advance global kidney health is needed to not just treat CKD, but prevent it early on. Adult kidney disease can have its origins in early life. This review aims to evaluate the recent literature regarding melatonin's effect on kidney development, its clinical uses in the early stage of life, animal models documenting preventive applications of melatonin on offspring's kidney-related disease, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning melatonin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Shu Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Feng Shan Hospital-Under the Management of Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Kaohsiung 830, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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19
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Li KL, Shan SW, Lin FY, Ling CY, Wong NW, Li HL, Han W, To CH, Do CW. Regulation of Aqueous Humor Secretion by Melatonin in Porcine Ciliary Epithelium. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5789. [PMID: 36982863 PMCID: PMC10051954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretion of melatonin, a natural hormone whose receptors are present in the ciliary epithelium, displays diurnal variation in the aqueous humor (AH), potentially contributing to the regulation of intraocular pressure. This study aimed to determine the effects of melatonin on AH secretion in porcine ciliary epithelium. The addition of 100 µM melatonin to both sides of the epithelium significantly increased the short-circuit current (Isc) by ~40%. Stromal administration alone had no effect on the Isc, but aqueous application triggered a 40% increase in Isc, similar to that of bilateral application without additive effect. Pre-treatment with niflumic acid abolished melatonin-induced Isc stimulation. More importantly, melatonin stimulated the fluid secretion across the intact ciliary epithelium by ~80% and elicited a sustained increase (~50-60%) in gap junctional permeability between pigmented ciliary epithelial (PE) cells and non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells. The expression of MT3 receptor was found to be >10-fold higher than that of MT1 and MT2 in porcine ciliary epithelium. Aqueous pre-treatment with MT1/MT2 antagonist luzindole failed to inhibit the melatonin-induced Isc response, while MT3 antagonist prazosin pre-treatment abolished the Isc stimulation. We conclude that melatonin facilitates Cl- and fluid movement from PE to NPE cells, thereby stimulating AH secretion via NPE-cell MT3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Lok Li
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sze-Wan Shan
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fang-Yu Lin
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Choi-Ying Ling
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nga-Wai Wong
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi-Lam Li
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chi-Ho To
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Wai Do
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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20
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Markowska M, Niemczyk S, Romejko K. Melatonin Treatment in Kidney Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060838. [PMID: 36980179 PMCID: PMC10047594 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone that is mainly secreted by the pineal gland. It coordinates the work of the superior biological clock and consequently affects many processes in the human body. Disorders of the waking and sleeping period result in nervous system imbalance and generate metabolic and endocrine derangements. The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the potential benefits of melatonin use, particularly in kidney diseases. The impact on the cardiovascular system, diabetes, and homeostasis causes melatonin to be indirectly connected to kidney function and quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, there are numerous reports showing that melatonin plays a role as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, and cytoprotective agent. This means that the supplementation of melatonin can be helpful in almost every type of kidney injury because inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress occur, regardless of the mechanism. The administration of melatonin has a renoprotective effect and inhibits the progression of complications connected to renal failure. It is very important that exogenous melatonin supplementation is well tolerated and that the number of side effects caused by this type of treatment is low.
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21
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Ramsay S, Zagorodnyuk V. Role of circadian rhythms and melatonin in bladder function in heath and diseases. Auton Neurosci 2023; 246:103083. [PMID: 36871511 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The circadian system modulates all visceral organ physiological processes including urine storage and voiding. The "master clock" of the circadian system lies within suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus while "peripheral clocks" are found in most peripheral tissue and organs, including the urinary bladder. Disruptions of circadian rhythms can cause organ malfunction and disorder or exacerbate pre-existing ones. It has been suggested that nocturia, which develops mostly in the elderly, could be a circadian-related disorder of the bladder. In the bladder, many types of gap junctions and ion channels in the detrusor, urothelium and sensory nerves are likely under strict local peripheral circadian control. The pineal hormone, melatonin, is a circadian rhythm synchroniser capable of controlling a variety of physiological processes in the body. Melatonin predominantly acts via the melatonin 1 and melatonin 2 G-protein coupled receptors expressed in the central nervous system, and many peripheral organs and tissues. Melatonin could be beneficial in the treatment of nocturia and other common bladder disorders. The ameliorating action of melatonin on bladder function is likely due to multiple mechanisms which include central effects on voiding and peripheral effects on the detrusor and bladder afferents. More studies are warranted to determine the precise mechanisms of circadian rhythm coordination of the bladder function and melatonin influences on the bladder in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Ramsay
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vladimir Zagorodnyuk
- Discipline of Human Physiology, Flinders Health & Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia.
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22
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Zhang ZL, Li YZ, Wu GQ, Li YM, Zhang DD, Wang R. A comprehensive review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical applications of Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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23
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Disruption of the Expression of the Placental Clock and Melatonin Genes in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032363. [PMID: 36768691 PMCID: PMC9917141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms have been described in numerous tissues of living organisms and are necessary for homeostasis. The understanding of their role in normal and pathological pregnancy is only just emerging. It has been established that clock genes are expressed in the placenta of animals and humans, but the rhythmicity of placenta immune cells is not known. Macrophages from healthy placenta of women at term were isolated and the expression of clock genes BMAL1, CLOCK, PER2, CRY2, and NR1D1 was assessed by qRT-PCR every 4 h over 24 h. Raw data were treated with cosinor analysis to evaluate the significance of the oscillations. Placental macrophages exhibited significant circadian expression of clock genes but one third of placental macrophages lost clock gene rhythmicity; the clock gene oscillations were restored by co-culture with trophoblasts. We wondered if melatonin, a key hormone regulating circadian rhythm, was involved in the oscillations of placental cells. We showed that macrophages and trophoblasts produced melatonin and expressed MT2 receptor. In women who developed preeclampsia during pregnancy, circadian oscillations of placental macrophages were lost and could not be rescued by coculture with trophoblasts from healthy women. Moreover, production and oscillations of melatonin were altered in preeclamptic macrophages. For the first time to our knowledge, this study shows circadian rhythms and melatonin production by placental macrophages. It also shows that preeclampsia is associated with a disruption of the circadian rhythm of placental cells. These results represent a new scientific breakthrough that may contribute to the prevention and treatment of obstetrical pathologies.
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24
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The Role of Melatonin in Pregnancy and the Health Benefits for the Newborn. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123252. [PMID: 36552008 PMCID: PMC9775355 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, there have been significant evolutions in the understanding of the hormone melatonin in terms of its physiology, regulatory role, and potential utility in various domains of clinical medicine. Melatonin's properties include, among others, the regulation of mitochondrial function, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects, sleep promotion and immune enhancement. As it is also bioavailable and has little or no toxicity, it has been proposed as safe and effective for the treatment of numerous diseases and to preserve human health. In this manuscript, we tried to evaluate the role of melatonin at the beginning of human life, in pregnancy, in the fetus and in newborns through newly published literature studies.
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25
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Song H, Cong Z, Wang C, He M, Liu C, Gao P. Research progress on Walnut oil: Bioactive compounds, health benefits, extraction methods, and medicinal uses. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14504. [PMID: 36369998 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Walnut oil is extracted from walnut kernels (Juglans regia Linne) or iron walnut kernels (Juhlans sigillata Dode). The percentage of oil in walnuts is 52%-70%. The main constituents in oil are fatty acids, phenols, sterols, squalene, melatonin, vitamins, and minerals. Many extraction methods such as supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, maceration, modified "bligh and dyer extraction," aqueous enzymatic extraction, ultrasonic extraction, soxhlet extraction, and cold-press extraction methods are reported in the literature. Walnut oil showed anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic activities. The reported data in the literature suggest that walnut oil has many health benefits. This review summarizes the extraction methods, bioactive constituents, health benefits, and pharmacological actions of walnut oil. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Walnut oil is a natural vegetable oil of significant importance due to their nutritional, and intelligence-boosting benefits. Several factors, including the processing parameters and the phytochemical profile, affect walnut oil products' flavor and color. In addition, storage environment of walnut oil can also affect walnut oil quality. Apart from the predominant ingredient fatty acids, the chemical composition of walnut oil comprises phenols, sterols, squalene, melatonin, vitamins, and minerals. These bioactive compounds are of potential value owing to their health-promoting benefits, including antioxidant, antitumor, and cholesterol-lowering effects. Many chemical constituents were isolated from walnut oil; however, all the compounds are not explored for their possible medicinal value. Thus, clinical studies, exploration of the therapeutic potential and the molecular mechanisms of all the compounds, and development of convenient dosage forms either for therapeutic or functional food purposes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- Shandong Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Jinan, China
| | - Changlin Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mengyuan He
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Congying Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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26
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Impact of Melatonin on RAW264.7 Macrophages during Mechanical Strain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113397. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of melatonin is elevated during the night when patients mainly wear removable orthodontic appliances. Next to periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts, macrophages react to mechanical strain with an increased expression of inflammatory mediators. Here, we investigated the impact of melatonin on RAW264.7 macrophages exposed to tensile or compressive strain occurring during orthodontic tooth movement in the periodontal ligament. Before exposure to mechanical strain for 4 h, macrophages were pre-incubated with different melatonin concentrations for 24 h, to determine the dependence of melatonin concentration. Afterwards, we performed experiments with and without mechanical strain, the most effective melatonin concentration (25 µM), and the melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) specific antagonist 4P-PDOT. The expression of inflammatory genes and proteins was investigated by RT-qPCR, ELISAs, and immunoblot. Both tensile and compressive strain increased the expression of the investigated inflammatory factors interleukin-1-beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2. This effect was inhibited by the addition of melatonin. Incubation with 4P-PDOT blocked this anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin. Melatonin had an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages exposed to mechanical strain, independent of the type of mechanical strain. As inhibition was possible with 4P-PDOT, the MT2 receptor might be involved in the regulation of the observed effects.
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Melatonin inhibits muscular-mucosal stretch-sensitive bladder afferents via the MT2 receptors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17686. [PMID: 36271291 PMCID: PMC9586995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a circadian rhythm regulator capable of controlling a variety of physiological processes in the body. It predominantly acts via the melatonin 1 (MT1) and MT2 receptors expressed in the CNS neurons and peripheral organs and tissues. Melatonin can modulate urinary bladder function, however, to date it is not known if melatonin can regulate activity of sensory neurons innervating the bladder. Bladder afferents play an important role in urine storage and voiding. Therefore, this study aims to determine if melatonin can regulate mechanosensitivity of 2 major classes of sensory neurons in the guinea pig bladder: stretch-insensitive mucosal and low threshold stretch-sensitive muscular-mucosal afferents. The effects of melatonin on the mechanosensitivity of mucosal and muscular-mucosal afferents were measured ex vivo using single unit extracellular recording. Melatonin did not affect the responses of mucosal afferents to stroking of their receptive fields but did concentration-dependently, significantly inhibit 69% of muscular-mucosal afferents responses to stroking and bladder stretch. This inhibitory effect was not affected by the MT1 receptor antagonist, S26131 but was blocked by the selective MT2 receptor antagonists, K-185 and 4-P-PDOT. Forskolin significantly potentiated the responses of muscular-mucosal afferents to stroking and stretch, which were prevented by melatonin. These findings demonstrate a direct inhibitory effect of melatonin on the mechanosensitivity of low threshold stretch-sensitive muscular-mucosal bladder afferents acting via MT2 receptors, which is independent from its action on detrusor muscle. This may have important clinical implications for the treatment of many common bladder disorders including nocturia.
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Potential Therapeutic Approach of Melatonin against Omicron and Some Other Variants of SARS-CoV-2. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206934. [PMID: 36296527 PMCID: PMC9609612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Omicron variant (B.529) of COVID-19 caused disease outbreaks worldwide because of its contagious and diverse mutations. To reduce these outbreaks, therapeutic drugs and adjuvant vaccines have been applied for the treatment of the disease. However, these drugs have not shown high efficacy in reducing COVID-19 severity, and even antiviral drugs have not shown to be effective. Researchers thus continue to search for an effective adjuvant therapy with a combination of drugs or vaccines to treat COVID-19 disease. We were motivated to consider melatonin as a defensive agent against SARS-CoV-2 because of its various unique properties. Over 200 scientific publications have shown the significant effects of melatonin in treating diseases, with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Melatonin has a high safety profile, but it needs further clinical trials and experiments for use as a therapeutic agent against the Omicron variant of COVID-19. It might immediately be able to prevent the development of severe symptoms caused by the coronavirus and can reduce the severity of the infection by improving immunity.
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Abstract
The pineal gland is a interface between light-dark cycle and shows neuro-endocrine functions. Melatonin is the primary hormone of pineal gland, secreted at night. The night-time melatonin peak regulates the physiological functions at dark. Melatonin has several unique features as it synchronises internal rhythm with daily and seasonal variations, regulates circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Physiologically melatonin involves in detoxification of free radicals, immune functions, neuro-protection, oncostatic effects, cardiovascular functions, reproduction, and foetal development. The precise functions of melatonin are exhibited by specific receptors. In relation to pathophysiology, impaired melatonin secretion promotes sleep disorder, cancer progression, type-2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several reports have highlighted the therapeutic benefits of melatonin specially related to cancer protection, sleep disorder, psychiatric disorders, and jet lag problems. This review will touch the most of the area of melatonin-oriented health impacts and its therapeutic aspects.
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30
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Li Y, Hung SW, Zhang R, Man GCW, Zhang T, Chung JPW, Fang L, Wang CC. Melatonin in Endometriosis: Mechanistic Understanding and Clinical Insight. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194087. [PMID: 36235740 PMCID: PMC9572886 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the development of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Pathophysiology of this disease includes abnormal hormone profiles, cell survival, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, immunology, and inflammation. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone that is synthesized and released primarily at night from the mammalian pineal gland. Increasing evidence has revealed that melatonin can be synthesized and secreted from multiple extra-pineal tissues where it regulates immune response, inflammation, and angiogenesis locally. Melatonin receptors are expressed in the uterus, and the therapeutic effects of melatonin on endometriosis and other reproductive disorders have been reported. In this review, key information related to the metabolism of melatonin and its biological effects is summarized. Furthermore, the latest in vitro and in vivo findings are highlighted to evaluate the pleiotropic functions of melatonin, as well as to summarize its physiological and pathological effects and treatment potential in endometriosis. Moreover, the pharmacological and therapeutic benefits derived from the administration of exogenous melatonin on reproductive system-related disease are discussed to support the potential of melatonin supplements toward the development of endometriosis. More clinical trials are needed to confirm its therapeutic effects and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Sze-Wan Hung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruizhe Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Gene Chi-Wai Man
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacqueline Pui-Wah Chung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
| | - Chi-Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Sichuan University Joint Laboratory in Reproductive Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (L.F.); (C.-C.W.); Tel.: +86-371-6691-3635 (L.F.); +852-3505-4267 (C.-C.W.)
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31
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Circadian mechanism disruption is associated with dysregulation of inflammatory and immune responses: a systematic review. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe circadian rhythms are regulated by the circadian clock which is under the control of suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus. The central and peripheral clocks on different tissue together synchronize to form circadian system. Factors disrupt the circadian rhythm, such as irregular eating patterns, sleep/wake time, night shift work and temperature. Due to the misalignment of central clock components, it has been recognized as the pathophysiology of lifestyle-related diseases mediated by the inflammation such as diabetes, obesity, neurological disorder and hormonal imbalance. Also we discuss the therapeutic effect of time-restricted feeding over diabetes and obesity caused by miscommunication between central and peripheral clock. The genetic and epigenetic changes involve due to the deregulation of circadian system. The aim of the present review is to discuss the circadian mechanisms that are involved in the complex interaction between host and external factors and its disruption is associated with deregulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Hence, we need to understand the mechanism of functioning of our biological clocks so that it helps us treat health-related problems such as jet lags, sleep disorders due to night-time shift work, obesity and mental disturbances. We hope minimal cost behavioural and lifestyle changes can improve circadian rhythms and presumably provide a better health.
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32
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Sundram S, Malviya R, Awasthi R. Genetic Causes of Alzheimer's Disease and the Neuroprotective Role of Melatonin in its Management. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-126085. [PMID: 36056839 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220901125730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is a global health concern owing to its complexity, which also poses a great challenge to pharmaceutical scientists and neuroscientists. The global dementia prevalence is approximately 47 million, which may increase by three times by 2050. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. AD is a severe age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by short-term memory loss, aphasia, mood imbalance, and executive function. The etiology of AD is still unknown, and the exact origin of the disease is still under investigation. Aggregation of Amyloid β (Aβ) plaques or neurotoxic Aβo oligomers outside the neuron is the most common cause of AD development. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing by β secretase and γ secretase produces abnormal Aβ monomers. This aggregation of Aβ and NFT is promoted by various genes like BACE1, ADAM10, PIN1, GSK-3, APOE, PPARα, etc. Identification of these genes can discover several therapeutic targets that can be useful in studying pathogenesis and underlying treatments. Melatonin modulates the activities of these genes, thereby reducing Aβ production and increasing its clearance. Melatonin also reduces the expression of APP by attenuating cAMP, thereby enhancing the non-amyloidogenic process. Present communication explored and discussed the neuroprotective role of melatonin against Aβ-dependent AD pathogenesis. The manuscript also discussed potential molecular and genetic mechanisms of melatonin in the production and clearance of Aβ that could ameliorate neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sundram
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Science and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres, Bidholi, Via-Prem Nagar, Dehradun - 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
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33
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Kholghi G, Eskandari M, Shokouhi Qare Saadlou MS, Zarrindast MR, Vaseghi S. Night shift hormone: How does melatonin affect depression? Physiol Behav 2022; 252:113835. [PMID: 35504318 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is the main hormone secreted by the pineal gland that modulates the circadian rhythm and mood. Previous studies have shown the therapeutic effects of melatonin, or its important analogue, agomelatine, on depression. In this review study, we aimed to discuss the potential mechanisms of melatonin involved in the treatment of depression. It was noted that disrupted circadian rhythm can lead to depressive state, and melatonin via regulating circadian rhythm shows a therapeutic effect. It was also noted that melatonin induces antidepressant effects via promoting antioxidant system and neurogenesis, and suppressing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis. The interaction effect between melatonin or agomelatine and serotonergic signaling has a significant effect on depression. It was noted that the psychotropic effects of agomelatine are induced by the synergistic interaction between melatonin and 5-HT2C receptors. Agomelatine also interacts with glutamatergic signaling in brain regions involved in regulating mood and circadian rhythm. Interestingly, it was concluded that melatonin exerts both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, depending on the grade of inflammation. It was suggested that synergistic interaction between melatonin and 5-HT2C receptors may be able to induce therapeutic effects on other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, dualistic role of melatonin in regulating inflammation is an important point that can be examined at different levels of inflammation in animal models of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Kholghi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Maliheh Eskandari
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
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Tobeiha M, Jafari A, Fadaei S, Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Amiri A, Khan H, Asemi Z, Reiter RJ, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Evidence for the Benefits of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:888319. [PMID: 35795371 PMCID: PMC9251346 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.888319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland which produces melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone with critical physiological roles in the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin has been shown to possess anti-oxidant activity and neuroprotective properties. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has significant functions in cardiovascular disease, and may have anti-aging properties. The ability of melatonin to decrease primary hypertension needs to be more extensively evaluated. Melatonin has shown significant benefits in reducing cardiac pathology, and preventing the death of cardiac muscle in response to ischemia-reperfusion in rodent species. Moreover, melatonin may also prevent the hypertrophy of the heart muscle under some circumstances, which in turn would lessen the development of heart failure. Several currently used conventional drugs show cardiotoxicity as an adverse effect. Recent rodent studies have shown that melatonin acts as an anti-oxidant and is effective in suppressing heart damage mediated by pharmacologic drugs. Therefore, melatonin has been shown to have cardioprotective activity in multiple animal and human studies. Herein, we summarize the most established benefits of melatonin in the cardiovascular system with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Fadaei
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Developmental and Early Life Origins of Hypertension: Preventive Aspects of Melatonin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:924. [PMID: 35624788 PMCID: PMC9138087 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension represents a major disease burden worldwide. Abundant evidence suggests that hypertension can originate in early life. Adverse programming processes can be prevented by early life intervention-namely, reprogramming-to avoid developing chronic diseases later in life. Melatonin is an endogenously produced hormone with a multifaceted biological function. Although melatonin supplementation has shown benefits for human health, less attention has been paid to exploring its reprogramming effects on the early life origins of hypertension. In this review, first, we discuss the physiological roles of melatonin in pregnancy, fetal development, and the regulation of blood pressure. Then, we summarize the epidemiological and experimental evidence for the early life origins of hypertension. This is followed by a description of the animal models used to examine early melatonin therapy as a reprogramming strategy to protect against the early life origins of hypertension. A deeper understanding of the developmental programming of hypertension and recent advances in early melatonin intervention might provide a path forward in reducing the global burden of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Melatonin in Rats with Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040574. [PMID: 35455066 PMCID: PMC9029934 DOI: 10.3390/life12040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Insulin resistance is associated with a pro-inflammatory state increasing the risk for complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to its chronobiotic effects, the pineal hormone melatonin is known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Melatonin was also suggested to affect insulin secretion. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of melatonin on inflammation in diabetic rats and to study the possible involvement of the melatonin receptor, MT2. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 per group): (1) control, (2) streptozotocin/nicotinamide induced diabetes type 2 (T2DM), (3) T2DM treated with melatonin (500 µg/kg/day), and (4) T2DM treated with melatonin (500 µg/kg/day for 6 weeks) and the selective MT2 receptor antagonist luzindole (0.25 g/kg/day for 6 weeks). Blood samples were taken for biochemical parameters and various tissue samples (liver, adipose tissue, brain) were removed for immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB), and Q-PCR analyses, respectively. Results: Melatonin significantly reduced increased blood levels of liver transaminases (AST, ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and cholesterol in diabetic rats with luzindole treatment partly reversing this effect regarding the lipids. Furthermore, the liver and adipose tissues of T2DM rats treated with melatonin showed lower expression of the inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB as compared to the T2DM group without melatonin. The results also showed that the MT2 receptor is at least partly involved in the protective effects of melatonin. Conclusions: Our results suggest that melatonin exerts relevant anti-inflammatory effects on various tissues in type 2 diabetic rats.
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Liu Z, Chen B, Chang J, Feng L, Zhao X. Melatonin regulates trophoblast pyroptosis, invasion and migration in preeclampsia by inhibiting HtrA1 transcription through the microRNA-520c-3p/SETD7 axis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 87:e13523. [PMID: 35137483 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Melatonin has an inhibitory effect on preeclampsia (PE). This study was launched to explore the way that melatonin regulated trophoblast migration, invasion, and pyroptosis in PE and to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of PE. METHODS Expression levels of melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2), microRNA (miR)-520c-3p, SETD7, and HtrA1 in placental tissues and HTR8/SVneo cells were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Scratch, Transwell, and Western blot assays were performed to detect migration, invasion, and pyroptosis of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated HTR8/SVneo cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was utilized to verify the targeting relationship between miR-520c-3p and SETD7. ChIP experiment was conducted to detect the enrichment of H3K4me3 and SETD7 in HtrA1 promoter. RESULTS Low expression of MT1, MT2, and miR-520c-3p and high expression of SETD7 and HtrA1 were observed in the placental tissues of PE patients and H/R-treated HTR8/Svneo cells. A high concentration of melatonin promoted migration and invasion and inhibited pyroptosis of PE cell models. Knockdown of miR-520c-3p, overexpression of SETD7, or overexpression of HtrA1 impaired migration and invasion and accelerated pyroptosis of H/R-treated HTR8/SVneo cells, but these outcomes could be reversed by treatment with 1000 μM melatonin. miR-520c-3p targeted SETD7 which promoted histone methylation in the promoter region of HtrA1. CONCLUSION Melatonin may inhibit HtrA1 transcription through the miR-520c-3p/SETD7 axis to promote trophoblast invasion and migration and reduce trophoblast pyroptosis in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Feng
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, P.R. China
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The Influence of Ketone Bodies on Circadian Processes Regarding Appetite, Sleep and Hormone Release: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071410. [PMID: 35406023 PMCID: PMC9002750 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrononutrition is an emerging branch of chronobiology focusing on the profound interactions between biological rhythms and metabolism. This framework suggests that, just like all biological processes, even nutrition follows a circadian pattern. Recent findings elucidated the metabolic roles of circadian clocks in the regulation of both hormone release and the daily feeding–fasting cycle. Apart from serving as energy fuel, ketone bodies play pivotal roles as signaling mediators and drivers of gene transcription, promoting food anticipation and loss of appetite. Herein we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of the ketogenic diets on biological processes that follow circadian rhythms, among them appetite, sleep, and endocrine function.
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Akhzari M, Barazesh M, Jalili S. Melatonin as an antioxidant agent in disease prevention: A biochemical focus. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178619666220325124451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
In the recent years, free radicals and oxidative stress have been found to be associated with aging, cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases. Confirming the role of oxidants in numerous pathological situations including cancer, developing antioxidants as therapeutic platforms is needed. It has been well established that melatonin and its derived metabolites function as endogenous free-radical scavengers and broad spectrum antioxidants. To achieve this function, melatonin can directly detoxify reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species and indirectly overexpress antioxidant enzymes while suppressing the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes. Many investigations have also confirmed the role of melatonin and its derivatives in different physiological processes and therapeutic functions such as controlling the circadian rhythm and immune functions. This review aimed to focus on melatonin as a beneficial agent for the stimulation of antioxidant enzymes and inhibition of lipid peroxidation and to evaluate its contribution to protection against oxidative damages. In addition, the clinical application of melatonin in several diseases is discussed. Finally, the safety and efficacy of melatonin in clinical backgrounds is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Akhzari
- School of Paramedical, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Mahdi Barazesh
- School of Paramedical, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Sajad Jalili
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Yapislar H, Haciosmanoglu E, Sarioglu T, Ekmekcioglu C. The melatonin MT 2 receptor is involved in the anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Tissue Cell 2022; 76:101763. [PMID: 35247789 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widely prevalent chronic disease and risk factor for several other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Apoptosis is a homeostatic mechanism to maintain cell numbers at a certain level in tissues. Chronic high blood glucose levels might lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and trigger undesirable apoptosis in T2DM. The pineal hormone melatonin has been shown to regulate apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the melatonin MT2 receptor in the role of melatonin to prevent undesirable apotosis in different tissues of diabetic rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; 1. Control group (only vehicle), 2. Diabetic group (streptozotozin/nicotinamide treated), 3. Diabetic group treated with melatonin (500μg/kg/day), and 4. Diabetic group treated with melatonin (500 μg/kg/day for 6 weeks) and the selective MT2 receptor antagonist luzindole (0.25 g/kg/day for 6 weeks). Various tissue samples (kidney, liver, adipose tissue, pancreas) were removed after 6 weeks for immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Our results demonstrated an increased rate of apoptosis in different tissues of diabetic rats compared to controls with melatonin reducing the apoptotic rate in the tissues of rats with T2DM. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin were partly mediated by the melatonin MT2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Yapislar
- Acibadem University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Haciosmanoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turkan Sarioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Kent University Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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41
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The Role of Vitamin D in Sleep Disorders of Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031430. [PMID: 35163353 PMCID: PMC8835880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review investigates the association between vitamin D and sleep disorders. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient known to play an important role in the growth and bone health of the human body, but it also appears to play a role in sleep. The goal of our review is to examine the association between vitamin D and sleep disorders in children and adolescents. We summarize the evidence about the role and the mechanism of action of vitamin D in children and adolescents with sleep disorders such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), restless legs syndrome (RLS), and other sleep disorders. Systematic electronic database searches were conducted using Pubmed and Cochrane Library. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed. The studies that met the established inclusion criteria were analyzed and compared. Results suggest a strict relationship between vitamin D deficiency in children and sleep disorders. There is evidence that vitamin D is implicated in the different neurochemical mechanisms involved in sleep regulation and mainly in the serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways. This might be responsible for the association of vitamin D deficiency and restless sleep, sleep hyperhidrosis, OSA, and RLS.
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Kidney Damage Caused by Obesity and Its Feasible Treatment Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020747. [PMID: 35054932 PMCID: PMC8775419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of obesity worldwide has made it a major health problem, while the dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity has had a significant impact on the magnitude of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in developing countries. A vast amount of researchers have reported a strong relationship between obesity and chronic kidney disease, and obesity can serve as an independent risk factor for kidney disease. The histological changes of kidneys in obesity-induced renal injury include glomerular or tubular hypertrophy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or bulbous sclerosis. Furthermore, inflammation, renal hemodynamic changes, insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders are all involved in the development and progression of obesity-induced nephropathy. However, there is no targeted treatment for obesity-related kidney disease. In this review, RAS inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors and melatonin would be presented to treat obesity-induced kidney injury. Furthermore, we concluded that melatonin can protect the kidney damage caused by obesity by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, revealing its therapeutic potential.
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Romero A, Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Gil-Martín E, Escames G, Reiter RJ. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Its Neuroinvasive Capacity: Is It Time for Melatonin? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:489-500. [PMID: 32772307 PMCID: PMC7415199 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00938-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The world faces an exceptional new public health concern caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), subsequently termed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although the clinical symptoms mostly have been characterized, the scientific community still doesn´t know how SARS-CoV-2 successfully reaches and spreads throughout the central nervous system (CNS) inducing brain damage. The recent detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in frontal lobe sections from postmortem examination has confirmed the presence of the virus in neural tissue. This finding reveals a new direction in the search for a neurotherapeutic strategy in the COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases. Here, we discuss the COVID-19 outbreak in a neuroinvasiveness context and suggest the therapeutic use of high doses of melatonin, which may favorably modulate the immune response and neuroinflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, clinical trials elucidating the efficacy of melatonin in the prevention and clinical management in the COVID-19 patients should be actively encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- grid.449750.b0000 0004 1769 4416Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/ Castillo de Alarcón 49, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i+12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain ,grid.410919.40000 0001 2152 2367Portucalense Institute of Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioural Neurosciences (INPP), Portucalense University, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 541, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Thematic Network for Cooperative Health Research (RETICS), Addictive Disorders Network, Health Institute Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Gil-Martín
- grid.6312.60000 0001 2097 6738Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.507088.2Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
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Duan H, Hu J, Xiao L, Lv J, Zhang Y, Zhao X. β-Estradiol inhibits melatonin synthesis and melatonin receptor expression in sheep granulosa cells. Gene 2021; 814:146128. [PMID: 34971752 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, an important regulator of mammalian reproduction, is mainly produced in the pineal gland, and granulosa cells (GCs), the main mammalian ovarian secretory cells, synthesize melatonin and express melatonin receptors (MRs) MT1 and MT2. However, studies on melatonin regulation in GCs are lacking in sheep. In this study, we explored the effects of β-estradiol (E2) on melatonin production and MR expression in GCs. We cultured sheep GCs to analyze the expression of the melatonin rate-limiting enzymes AANAT and HIOMT and the effects of E2 on AANAT, HIOMT, and MR expression and melatonin synthesis. To determine whether estrogen receptors (ERs) mediated E2 action on melatonin secretion and MR expression, we assessed ERA and ERB expression in GCs and observed whether ER antagonists counterbalanced the effects of E2. GCs expressed AANAT and HIOMT mRNA, indicating that they transformed exogenous serotonin into melatonin. E2 inhibited melatonin production by downregulating AANAT, HIOMT, and MRs. GCs expressed ERA and ERB; ERA/ERB inhibitors abolished E2-mediated inhibition of melatonin secretion and MR expression. PHTPP upregulated melatonin secretion and MT1 expression in E2-treated GCs, but did not significantly affect AANAT and MT2 expression. In conclusion, melatonin secretion in GCs was inhibited by E2 through an ERA- and ERB-mediated process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Duan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jianshu Lv
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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Won E, Na KS, Kim YK. Associations between Melatonin, Neuroinflammation, and Brain Alterations in Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010305. [PMID: 35008730 PMCID: PMC8745430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory systemic conditions that can cause neuroinflammation and subsequent alterations in brain regions involved in emotional regulation have been suggested as an underlying mechanism for the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). A prominent feature of MDD is disruption of circadian rhythms, of which melatonin is considered a key moderator, and alterations in the melatonin system have been implicated in MDD. Melatonin is involved in immune system regulation and has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties in inflammatory conditions, through both immunological and non-immunological actions. Melatonin has been suggested as a highly cytoprotective and neuroprotective substance and shown to stimulate all stages of neuroplasticity in animal models. The ability of melatonin to suppress inflammatory responses through immunological and non-immunological actions, thus influencing neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity, along with subsequent alterations in brain regions that are implicated in depression, can be demonstrated by the antidepressant-like effects of melatonin. Further studies that investigate the associations between melatonin, immune markers, and alterations in the brain structure and function in patients with depression could identify potential MDD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaum, Seoul 06062, Korea;
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Korea;
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Expression of arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and acetylserotonin o-methyltransferase (ASMT) in the corpus luteum of pregnant sows and synthesis of melatonin in luteal cells. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 388:167-179. [PMID: 34816281 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, melatonin is mainly synthesized from serotonin in the pineal gland. Many reports have documented that melatonin is also synthesized in the extra-pineal tissues, but the synthesis of melatonin in the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnant sows has never been studied. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of melatonin-synthesizing enzymes, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT), in the CL of sows during pregnancy and to investigate the synthesis of melatonin in luteal cells. Results showed that AANAT and ASMT were both expressed in the CL of sows during pregnancy, higher levels were observed in the early- and mid-stage CL, and the lowest abundance was found in the regressing CL (later-stage). The immunostaining for AANAT and ASMT was predominantly localized in the large luteal cells of porcine CL during pregnancy. Furthermore, melatonin was synthesized in luteal cells from serotonin in a dose- and time-dependent manner. And the expressions of AANAT and ASMT were upregulated by serotonin in luteal cells. In addition, progesterone (P4) secretion and cell viability were promoted in luteal cells treated with serotonin, and the stimulatory effects were blocked by luzindole (a non-selective MT1 and MT2 antagonist). Finally, the expressions of MT1 and MT2 were augmented by serotonin in luteal cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the developmental expression of AANAT and ASMT in the CL and a local synthesis of melatonin in luteal cells of pregnant sows, and suggests a paracrine and/or autocrine role for melatonin in luteal function.
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Empowering Melatonin Therapeutics with Drosophila Models. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040067. [PMID: 34698120 PMCID: PMC8544433 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin functions as a central regulator of cell and organismal function as well as a neurohormone involved in several processes, e.g., the regulation of the circadian rhythm, sleep, aging, oxidative response, and more. As such, it holds immense pharmacological potential. Receptor-mediated melatonin function mainly occurs through MT1 and MT2, conserved amongst mammals. Other melatonin-binding proteins exist. Non-receptor-mediated activities involve regulating the mitochondrial function and antioxidant cascade, which are frequently affected by normal aging as well as disease. Several pathologies display diseased or dysfunctional mitochondria, suggesting melatonin may be used therapeutically. Drosophila models have extensively been employed to study disease pathogenesis and discover new drugs. Here, we review the multiple functions of melatonin through the lens of functional conservation and model organism research to empower potential melatonin therapeutics to treat neurodegenerative and renal diseases.
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Lee CC, Kuo YC, Hu JM, Chang PK, Sun CA, Yang T, Li CW, Chen CY, Lin FH, Hsu CH, Chou YC. MTNR1B polymorphisms with CDKN2A and MGMT methylation status are associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer in Taiwan. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5737-5752. [PMID: 34629798 PMCID: PMC8473598 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i34.5737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying novel colorectal cancer (CRC) prognostic biomarkers is crucial to helping clinicians make appropriate therapy decisions. Melatonin plays a major role in managing the circadian rhythm and exerts oncostatic effects on different kinds of tumours.
AIM To explore the relationship between MTNR1B single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) combined with gene hypermethylation and CRC prognosis.
METHODS A total of 94 CRC tumour tissues were investigated. Genotyping for the four MTNR1B SNPs (rs1387153, rs2166706, rs10830963, and rs1447352) was performed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The relationships between the MTNR1B SNPs and CRC 5-year overall survival (OS) was assessed by calculating hazard ratios with 95%CIs.
RESULTS All SNPs (rs1387153, rs2166706, rs10830963, and rs1447352) were correlated with decreased 5-year OS. In stratified analysis, rs1387153, rs10830963, and rs1447352 risk genotype combined with CDKN2A and MGMT methylation status were associated with 5-year OS. A strong cumulative effect of the four polymorphisms on CRC prognosis was observed. Four haplotypes of MTNR1B SNPs were also associated with the 5-year OS. MTNR1B SNPs combined with CDKN2A and MGMT gene methylation status could be used to predict shorter CRC survival.
CONCLUSION The novel genetic biomarkers combined with epigenetic biomarkers may be predictive tool for CRC prognosis and thus could be used to individualise treatment for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Cheng Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Medical Informatics Office, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Kuo
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ming Hu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Kai Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Tsan Yang
- Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Wang Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Huang Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Hsu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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49
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Park HK, Hwang DS, Kim GC, Jang MA, Kim UK. Effects of melatonin receptor expression on prognosis and survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 51:713-723. [PMID: 34483028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin receptors can inhibit breast and prostate cancers; however, little is known regarding their effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we collected specimens from 81 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and analysed clinicopathological data retrospectively. In addition, the expression of the melatonin receptor was analysed immunohistochemically. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed based on the Cox proportional-hazards model. Further, an in vitro study was performed using YD15 cells. The cells were transfected with siRNA targeting melatonin receptor 1A and 1B for evaluating the malignancy of melatonin receptors by western blotting, trypan blue-exclusion, colony-forming, wound-healing, and invasion assays. Survival decreased as melatonin receptor expression and clinical and pathological tumour-node-metastasis stages increased. A Cox proportional-hazard model showed that melatonin receptor 1A may serve as a significant predictor of the survival rate of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma [hazard ratio = 1.423, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.019-1.988, p = 0.038]. Melatonin receptor 1A and 1B knockdown significantly suppressed proliferation, migration ability, and invasion ability of YD15 cells in vitro. Our findings reveal that inhibiting melatonin receptor expression may suppress oral squamous cell carcinoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-K Park
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - D-S Hwang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - G-C Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - M-A Jang
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - U-K Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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50
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Kruk J, Aboul-Enein BH, Duchnik E. Exercise-induced oxidative stress and melatonin supplementation: current evidence. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:27. [PMID: 34470608 PMCID: PMC8409271 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin possesses the indoleamine structure and exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions and other physiological properties. Physical exercise can influence secretion of melatonin. Melatonin is used as a natural supplement among athletes to regulate sleep cycles and protect muscles against oxidative damage. Despite decades of research, there is still a lack of a comprehensive and critical review on melatonin supplementation and physical activity relationship. The aim of this literature review is to examine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other biological functions played by melatonin with reference to the effect of physical exercise on melatonin secretion and the effect of this compound supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in athletes. Evidence shows that intense exercises disturb antioxidant status of competitive athletes, whereas supplementation with melatonin strengthens antioxidant status in trained athletes in various sports as the compound showed high potency in reduction of the oxidative stress and inflammation markers generated during intense and prolonged exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kruk
- Faculty of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Ewa Duchnik
- Department of Aesthetic Dermatology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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