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Cristina RT, Mohamed EA, Tulcan C, Dumitrescu E, Muselin F, Orășan SA, Mateoc-Sirb T, Vlad D. The Oxidative Stress Markers' Protective Influence of Sea Buckthorn and Grape Extracts in Atorvastatin-Treated Hyperlipidemic Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1954. [PMID: 38931308 PMCID: PMC11206752 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Free radicals and reactive oxygen species initiate when the oxidative stress arises. (1) Background: The effect of natural molecules on oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic rats, taking statins, was observed. (2) Methods: One hundred and twelve white Wistar rats, males and females, were divided into seven: Group I received 20 mg of atorvastatin while groups II and III received a combination of 20 mg of atorvastatin and 100 mg of Sea buckthorn and grape extract. Groups IV and V received 100 mg of Sea buckthorn and grape extract, while groups VI and VII received only high-fat diet (HFD) and normal rodents' fodder. After two and six months, rats were euthanized, and blood was gathered to measure the main paraclinical values and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Also, the liver and kidney were stored for the organs' cytoarchitecture. For statistics, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), was performed. (3) Results: HFD produced hyperlipidemia, accompanied by augmented serum and hepatic oxidative stress markers, in addition to a reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels. Polyphenolic substances proven efficient against HFD caused oxidative stress. (4) Conclusions: Atorvastatin heightened the histological injuries caused by the fatty diet, but these were diminished by taking atorvastatin in combination with 100 mg/kg of plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo T. Cristina
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.A.M.); (C.T.); (E.D.); (F.M.); (S.A.O.)
| | - Erieg A. Mohamed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.A.M.); (C.T.); (E.D.); (F.M.); (S.A.O.)
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Camelia Tulcan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.A.M.); (C.T.); (E.D.); (F.M.); (S.A.O.)
| | - Eugenia Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.A.M.); (C.T.); (E.D.); (F.M.); (S.A.O.)
| | - Florin Muselin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.A.M.); (C.T.); (E.D.); (F.M.); (S.A.O.)
| | - Sergiu A. Orășan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (E.A.M.); (C.T.); (E.D.); (F.M.); (S.A.O.)
| | - Teodora Mateoc-Sirb
- Pharmacology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Daliborca Vlad
- Pharmacology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Thakur MS, Deshmukh KN, Dey A, Ranjan D, Goyal A, Jachak SM. An alkaloid enriched fraction from Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. Leaves ameliorate HFD-induced obesity and metabolic complexities in C57BL/6J mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118423. [PMID: 38878841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Murraya koenigii commonly known as curry leaf, is traditionally used in India to manage various ailments including diabetes mellitus. Curry leaves are well documented in Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine for beneficial effects in skin eruptions, dysentery, emesis, poisonous bites and bruises. The anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of curry leaf extracts have been demonstrated through several in vitro and in vivo experiments previously. AIM OF THE STUDY To prepare an alkaloid enriched fraction (AEF) from M. koenigii and its evaluation on i) in vitro adipogenesis process and ii) in vivo high fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS MKME and AEF were prepared from M. koenigii leaves. The four carbazole alkaloids (bioactive markers) isolated from AEF were quantitatively determined in the leaves by RP-HPLC method. MKME and AEF were studied for anti-obesogenic activity in adipocytes in vitro and in HFD-induced C57BL/6J obese mice in vivo. At the termination of the in vivo study, lipid profile, hepatic and renal injury and glucose levels were analyzed in the blood samples. Animal tissues were examined histopathologically to determine any signs of damage. Repeated dose oral toxicity study for 28 days on Sprague-Dawley rats was also performed to determine the safety profile of AEF. RESULTS Both MKME and AEF displayed anti-obesogenic activity at 25 μg/ml concentration in vitro and showed 54.06 ± 3.86% and 37.46 ± 3.17% lipid accumulation, respectively compared to control. Further, supplementation of AEF and MKME in HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice helped in controlling weight gain, improved dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance significantly. AEF showed better anti-obesity activity than MKME both in vitro and in vivo study. Repeated administration of AEF up to 1 g/kg dose for 28 days showed no pathological tissue damage. Both MKME and AEF were standardized using a simple and validated RP-HPLC method. CONCLUSION Present study was aimed at preparation of a novel alkaloid-enriched fraction from methanolic extract of M. koenigii leaf and its evaluation for anti-diabesity effect. Our results demonstrated AEF to be a promising plant-based therapy for ameliorating obesity and related metabolic complications in HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Singh Thakur
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Kirti Nandkumar Deshmukh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Akash Dey
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Dhiraj Ranjan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Alok Goyal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
| | - Sanjay Madhukar Jachak
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Phase X, Mohali, 160062, India.
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Wang Q, Chen YY, Yang ZC, Yuan HJ, Dong YW, Miao Q, Li YQ, Wang J, Yu JZ, Xiao BG, Ma CG. Grape Seed Extract Attenuates Demyelination in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response of Immune Cells. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:394-404. [PMID: 36607588 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the anti-inflammatory effect of grape seed extract (GSE) in animal and cellular models and explore its mechanism of action. METHODS This study determined the inhibitory effect of GSE on macrophage inflammation and Th1 and Th17 polarization in vitro. Based on the in vitro results, the effects and mechanisms of GSE on multiple sclerosis (MS)-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice model were further explored. The C57BL/6 mice were intragastrically administered with 50 mg/kg of GSE once a day from the 3rd day to the 27th day after immunization. The activation of microglia, the polarization of Th1 and Th17 and the inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β), IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secreted by them were detected in vitro and in vivo by flow cytometry, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence staining and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS GSE reduced the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1 β and IL-6 in bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (P<0.01), inhibited the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17 and IFN-γ in spleen cells of EAE mice immunized for 9 days (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and reduced the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 mediated by CD3 and CD28 factors (P<0.01). GSE significantly improved the clinical symptoms of EAE mice, and inhibited spinal cord demyelination and inflammatory cell infiltration. Peripherally, GSE downregulated the expression of toll-like-receptor 4 (TLR4) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCKII, P<0.05 or P<0.01), and inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors (P<0.01 or P<0.05). In the central nervous system, GSE inhibited the infiltration of CD45+CD11b+ and CD45+CD4+ cells, and weakened the differentiation of Th1 and Th17 (P<0.05). Moreover, it reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors (P<0.01), and prevented the activation of microglia (P<0.05). CONCLUSION GSE had a beneficial effect on the pathogenesis and progression of EAE by inhibiting inflammatory response as a potential drug and strategy for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Yang-Yang Chen
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yang
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Hai-Jun Yuan
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Yi-Wei Dong
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Qiang Miao
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China.,Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jie-Zhong Yu
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Diseases, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi Province, 037009, China.,Department of Neurology, Datong Fifth People's Hospital, Datong, Shanxi Province, 037009, China
| | - Bao-Guo Xiao
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China.,Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Cun-Gen Ma
- Research Center of Neurobiology, the Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China. .,Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Neurodegenerative Diseases, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi Province, 037009, China.
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Christofoletti CR, Fernandes AC, Gandra RL, Martins IM, Gambero A, Macedo GA, Macedo JA. “Wine residues extracts modulating in vitro metabolic syndrome”. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pan S, Yan X, Dong X, Li T, Suo X, Tan B, Zhang S, Li Z, Yang Y, Zhang H. The positive effects of dietary inositol on juvenile hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu) fed high-lipid diets: Growthperformance, antioxidant capacity and immunity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:84-95. [PMID: 35577318 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present research was to assess the influence of inositol supplementation on growth performance, histological morphology of liver, immunity and expression of immune-related genes in juvenile hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu). Hybrid grouper (initial weight 6.76 ± 0.34 g) were fed isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets (16%) with various inositol levels of 0.17 g/kg (J1, the control group), 0.62 g/kg (J2), 1.03 g/kg (J3), 1.78 g/kg (J4), 3.43 g/kg (J5), 6.59 g/kg (J6), respectively. The growth experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results indicated that dietary inositol had a significant promoting effect on final mean body weight of the J5 and J6 groups and specific growth rate (SGR) of the J3, J4, J5 and J6 groups (P < 0.05). In the serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the J4 group became significantly active compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05), while aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities in the inositol-treated groups showed distinctly decreased compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). In the liver, dietary inositol could significantly increase the activities of SOD, catalase (CAT), lysozyme (LYZ) and the contents of total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) (P < 0.05), and distinctly reduce the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the damaged histological morphology of the liver was relieved and even returned to normal after an inositol increase (0.4-3.2 g/kg). In the liver, the remarkable up-regulation of SOD, CAT, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), heat shock protein70 (HSP70) and heat shock protein90 (HSP90) expression levels were stimulated by supply of inositol, while interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) expression levels were down-regulated by supply of inositol. In head kidney, the mRNA of toll-like receptor 22 (TLR22), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and interleukin 1β (IL1β) expression levels were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05), which could further lead to remarkable down-regulation of IL6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression (P < 0.05). These results indicated that high-lipid diets with supply of inositol promoted growth, increased the antioxidant capacity, and suppressed the inflammation of the liver and head kidney by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammation factors (IL6, IL8, TGF-β and TNF-α). In conclusion, these results indicated that dietary inositol promoted growth, improved antioxidant capacity and immunity of hybrid grouper fed high-lipid diets. Based on SGR, broken-line regression analysis showed that 1.66 g/kg inositol supply was recommended in high-lipid diets of juvenile grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Pan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaobo Yan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiangxiang Suo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
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Paradoxical Anti-Diabetic Effect of Lantana camara Leaf Extract and Pancreatic Oxidative Stress Relieved by Grape Seed and Skin Extract. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Yang J, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Li C, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Lin T, Jiang Y, Liu B. A triple combination strategy of UHPLC-MS n, hypolipidemic activity and transcriptome sequencing to unveil the hypolipidemic mechanism of Nelumbo nucifera alkaloids. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114608. [PMID: 34517059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nelumbo nucifera (N. nucifera), a kind of edible Chinese herbal, has been studied in treating hyperlipidemia. However, the hypolipidemic mechanism of N. nucifera remains unknown. Aims of this review: We aimed to screen the effective constituent of N. nucifera alkaloids and elucidated the potential mechanism for treating hyperlipidemia. A triple combination strategy of UHPLC-MSn, hypolipidemic activity and transcriptome sequencing was built to unveil the hypolipidemic mechanism of Nelumbo nucifera alkaloid. MATERIALS AND METHODS We comprehensively investigated the characterization of N. nucifera alkaloids by using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSn. And the hypolipidemic activity of candidate active ingredients were evaluated on sodium oleate-induced HepG2 cell. Finally, O-nornuciferine and N. nucifera alkaloid extraction were analyzed by RNA sequence (RNA-seq) to decipher the underlying hypolipidemic mechanism and were verified by qRT-PCR. RESULTS 35 compounds were identified from N. nucifera alkaloid extraction by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSn. Among them, O-nornuciferine and N. nucifera alkaloid extraction which showed significant hypolipidemic activity were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. After the intervention of O-nornuciferine and N. nucifera alkaloid extraction, 1 and 158 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, severally. The enrichment analysis indicated that the hypolipidemic effect was adjusted by the expression of numerous key DEGs involved in bile secretion, glycerolipid and sphingolipid metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS O-nornuciferine and N. nucifera alkaloids had exibited significant effects in hyperlipidemia. The candidate genes were LDLR, LPL and ANGPTL4, etc. It was most likely that they adjusted lipid metabolism by modulating expression levels of various key factors which were involved in bile secretion, glycerolipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway, and so on. This study clarified the hypolipidemic mechanism of the alkaloids in N. nucifera, and laid a foundation for the subsequent development of clinical application and better quality of N. nucifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Caixia Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhenxiao Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Tianfeng Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Chedea VS, Tomoiagǎ LL, Macovei ŞO, Mǎgureanu DC, Iliescu ML, Bocsan IC, Buzoianu AD, Voşloban CM, Pop RM. Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant Actions of Polyphenols From Grapevine and Wine By-Products-Base for Complementary Therapy in Ischemic Heart Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:750508. [PMID: 34805304 PMCID: PMC8595212 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace and grape seeds, by-products of the wine industry, and grapevine cane resulting from grapevine pruning are cheap matrices containing important amounts of polyphenols. While there is a continuous need of introducing new ways of these by-products valorization, we propose their use as a source of bioactive polyphenols for complementary therapy in ischemic heart diseases. As oxidative stress plays an important role in these diseases, by their antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties, these compounds, mainly flavan-3-ols, procyanidins, and resveratrol may counteract the damage of the oxidative stress. For instance, to some extent, the grape seed extract, considered as an antioxidant nutritive supplement, may have pro-oxidant activity as well, depending on dose, duration of administration, and other dietary components. In vitro studies confirm that the antioxidant activity of this extract might be mediated by pro-oxidant o-quinones and oxidation products of the polyphenols from grape and winery byproducts, indicating that quinones, as oxidation products, are involved in the modulation of the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance at the cellular level in the case of catechin-type compounds, in the absence or presence of oxidative stress inducers. In vivo, studies indicate that a grape pomace-rich diet results in a significant increase of the total antioxidant status in the plasma, liver, spleen, and kidneys. Also, the administration of grape pomace shows antioxidant activity with positive effects on health. In this context, the present review aims to present the most recent research focused on the antioxidant/pro-oxidant actions of the bioactive polyphenols from grapevine and wine byproducts, in conditions of ischemic heart diseases as assessed in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Lucia Iliescu
- Research Station for Viticulture and Enology Blaj (SCDVV Blaj), Blaj, Romania
| | - Ioana Corina Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Subramanian G, Shanmugamprema D, Subramani R, Muthuswamy K, Ponnusamy V, Tankay K, Velusamy T, Krishnan V, Subramaniam S. Anti-Obesity Effect of T. Chebula Fruit Extract on High Fat Diet Induced Obese Mice: A Possible Alternative Therapy. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001224. [PMID: 33754444 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Occurrence of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders continues to escalate. The present study evaluates the anti-obesity effects of ethanolic fruit extract of Terminalia chebula (EETC) on high fat diet induced obese mice. The bioactive compounds present in the EETC is evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The effects of EETC on energy intake, glucose tolerance, and various biochemical parameters were analyzed using laboratory mice. Relative gene expression of Fatty acid synthase (FAS), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα), Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as Interleukin 6 (IL-6) were analyzed in liver and adipose tissues. The findings reveal the hypolipidemic and anti-obesity potential of EETC on high fat fed obese mice. EETC exerts its anti-obesity effects by suppressing lipogenesis through reduction in lipogenic enzyme (FAS) expression, increased fatty acid oxidation via PPARα and CPT-1 and by triggering the anti-inflammatory responses. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the effect of EETC on PPARα and CPT-1 in in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Subramanian
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Deepankumar Shanmugamprema
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Ramya Subramani
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Karthi Muthuswamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Vinithra Ponnusamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Kalpana Tankay
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Velusamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Vasanth Krishnan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Selvakumar Subramaniam
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
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Jabri MA, Rtibi K, Sebai H. Chamomile decoction mitigates high fat diet-induced anxiety-like behavior, neuroinflammation and cerebral ROS overload. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1350-1361. [PMID: 33314994 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1859727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An abundant literature suggests that obesity-associated with taking a high fat diet is related to an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. However, metabolic disorders may be involved in the induction of the anxiogenic-like symptoms. The current study was designed to elucidate the mechanisms by which a high fat diet (HFD) can cause several complications in the WISTAR rats (Rattus norvegicus) brain. Oxidative stress and inflammation as well as the putative protection afforded by chamomile decoction extract (CDE) were also studied.The results demonstrated that the increased body and brain weight, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities as well as hypercholezterolaemia in response to HFD taking were correlated with anxiogenic-like symptoms. Moreover, HFD feed caused a brain oxidative stress characterized by increased lipoperoxidation, inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT and GPx, depletion of a non-enzymatic antioxidant such as sulfhydryl groups and GSH. Importantly, the results also show that HFD also provoked a cerebral overload in reactive oxygen species such as OH•, H2O2 and O2∙- as well as brain inflammation assessed by the overproduction of cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6.Interestingly, all neurobehavioral changes and all the biochemical and molecular disturbances were abolished in HFD-fed rats treated with CDE.Our results provide clear evidence that obesity and depression as well as anxiety are finely correlated and that M. recutita's decoction may prove to be a potential therapeutic agent to mitigate the behavioral disorders, the biochemical alterations and the neuroinflammation associated to the obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Kaïs Rtibi
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
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Chuang WY, Shih HD, Shy YM, Chang SC, Lee TT. Evaluation of mushroom waste compost on broiler body composition, nutrient absorption and adipose metabolism. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1808861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yang Chuang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Der Shih
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Ming Shy
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu Tai Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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High-Fat Diet Induced Hedgehog Signaling Modifications during Chronic Kidney Damage. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8073926. [PMID: 33294454 PMCID: PMC7718043 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8073926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Excessive consumption of dietary fats leads to the deposition of unnecessary metabolites and multiple organ damage. Lipids, important key regulators of Hedgehog signaling, are involved in triggering fibrotic chronic kidney disease. The present study encompasses the assessment of renal morphofunctional modifications and alteration of lipid metabolism influencing the changes in gene expression of hedgehog signaling pathway genes. Fifteen male Rattus norvegicus of 200 ± 25 grams weight were equally divided into three groups: control (standard rat chow), D-1 (unsaturated high-fat diet) and D-2 (saturated high-fat diet). Animals were provided with respective diets and were followed for 16 weeks. Both HFD-fed groups did not show overall body weight gain as compared to the control. While significant downregulation of hedgehog pathway genes was found in fatty diet groups. In comparison with the control group, Shh, Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3 were downregulated after the consumption of both unsaturated and saturated fatty diets. Ihh and Smo exhibit a similar downregulation in the D-1 group, but an upregulation was detected in the D-2 group. D-2 group also had an increased serum urea concentration as compared to the control (P = 0.0023). Furthermore, renal histopathology revealed tubular necrosis, glomerular edema, glomerular shrinkage, and hypocellularity. Collagen deposition in both HFD groups marks the extent of fibrosis summary figure. Extravagant intake of dietary fats impaired normal kidney functioning and morphofunctionally anomalous kidney triggers on Hh signaling in adult rats. These anomalies can be linked to an escalated risk of chronic kidney disease in adults strongly recommending the reduced uptake of fatty diets to prevent impaired metabolism and renal lipotoxicity.
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Bedê TP, de Jesus V, Rosse de Souza V, Mattoso V, Abreu JP, Dias JF, Teodoro AJ, de Azeredo VB. Effect of grape juice, red wine and resveratrol solution on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepactic function and lipid profile in rats feds with high-fat diet. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5255-5260. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1747458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa de Jesus
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Rosse de Souza
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vânia Mattoso
- Departmento de Nutrição e Dietética, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joel Pimentel Abreu
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Furtado Dias
- Departmento de Nutrição Aplicada, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anderson Junger Teodoro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kadri S, El Ayed M, Limam F, Aouani E, Mokni M. Preventive and curative effects of grape seed powder on stroke using in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109990. [PMID: 32070874 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a worldwide concern. Many studies pointed out relevant preventive effect of grape seed powder (GSP) against deleterious brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but curative effect has been scarcely approached. The present work aimed at studying the preventive and curative effect of GSP against stroke using in-vitro and in-vivo models. Primary neuron-astrocyte cocultures were used to evaluate in-vitro GSP protective and curative effect on oxygen-glucose-deprivation (OGD). A murine I/R model, in which GSP was administered as delayed post stroke drug, to evaluate its potential clinically translatable therapy was used and behavioral tests were conducted after 15 days. Ultra-structure of hippocampus dentate gyrus using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was also undertaken. GSP prevented OGD-induced toxicity and cell death in a dose dependent manner and was neuroprotective as assessed by sustained cell viability (70 % ±1 for OGD + GSP and 37 % ±2 for OGD) and modulated cytokines and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. GSP also promoted behavioral outcomes by increasing step-down inhibitory time from 17s±4 to 50s±11 and rat overall activities by improving scores in open field test to near control level. Furthermore, GSP protected hippocampus dentate gyrus area from I/R-induced drastic alterations as assessed by reduced autophagic vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwen Kadri
- Bioactive Substances Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed El Ayed
- Bioactive Substances Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ferid Limam
- Bioactive Substances Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ezzedine Aouani
- Bioactive Substances Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Meherzia Mokni
- Bioactive Substances Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Jin M, Pan T, Tocher DR, Betancor MB, Monroig Ó, Shen Y, Zhu T, Sun P, Jiao L, Zhou Q. Dietary choline supplementation attenuated high-fat diet-induced inflammation through regulation of lipid metabolism and suppression of NFκB activation in juvenile black seabream ( Acanthopagrus schlegelii). J Nutr Sci 2019; 8:e38. [PMID: 32042405 PMCID: PMC6984006 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2019.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether dietary choline can regulate lipid metabolism and suppress NFκB activation and, consequently, attenuate inflammation induced by a high-fat diet in black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). An 8-week feeding trial was conducted on fish with an initial weight of 8·16 ± 0·01 g. Five diets were formulated: control, low-fat diet (11 %); HFD, high-fat diet (17 %); and HFD supplemented with graded levels of choline (3, 6 or 12 g/kg) termed HFD + C1, HFD + C2 and HFD + C3, respectively. Dietary choline decreased lipid content in whole body and tissues. Highest TAG and cholesterol concentrations in serum and liver were recorded in fish fed the HFD. Similarly, compared with fish fed the HFD, dietary choline reduced vacuolar fat drops and ameliorated HFD-induced pathological changes in liver. Expression of genes of lipolysis pathways were up-regulated, and genes of lipogenesis down-regulated, by dietary choline compared with fish fed the HFD. Expression of nfκb and pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver and intestine was suppressed by choline supplementation, whereas expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines was promoted in fish fed choline-supplemented diets. In fish that received lipopolysaccharide to stimulate inflammatory responses, the expression of nfκb and pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver, intestine and kidney were all down-regulated by dietary choline compared with the HFD. Overall, the present study indicated that dietary choline had a lipid-lowering effect, which could protect the liver by regulating intrahepatic lipid metabolism, reducing lipid droplet accumulation and suppressing NFκB activation, consequently attenuating HFD-induced inflammation in A. schlegelii.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Choline
- HFD + C1, HFD + choline (3 g/kg)
- HFD + C2, HFD + choline (6 g/kg)
- HFD + C3, HFD + choline (12 g/kg)
- HFD, high-fat diet
- High-fat diets
- Inflammation
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- Lipid metabolism
- NFκB
- accα, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α
- cpt1a, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a
- fas, fatty acid synthase
- hsl, hormone-sensitive lipase
- qPCR, quantitative PCR
- srebp-1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1
- tgfβ-1, transforming growth factor β-1
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Pan
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Douglas R. Tocher
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, StirlingFK9 4LA, UK
| | - Mónica B. Betancor
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, StirlingFK9 4LA, UK
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Yuedong Shen
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Sun
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Lefei Jiao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, People's Republic of China
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Dai YJ, Cao XF, Zhang DD, Li XF, Liu WB, Jiang GZ. Chronic inflammation is a key to inducing liver injury in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) fed with high-fat diet. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 97:28-37. [PMID: 30910418 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to investigate the mechanism of lipotoxicity induced by high-fat diets (HFD) in Megalobrama amblycephala. In the present study, fish (average initial weight 40.0 ± 0.35 g) were fed with two fat levels (6% and 11%) diets with four replicates for 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, fish were challenged by thioacetamide (TAA) and survival rate was recorded for the next 96 h. The result showed that long-term HFD feeding induced a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) in plasma. In addition, liver histopathological analysis showed an increased dilation of the blood vessels, erythrocytes outside of the blood vessels and vacuolization in fish fed with high-fat diet. After TAA challenge, compared with group fed with normal-fat diets (NFD), fish fed with HFD showed a significantly (P < 0.05) low survival rate. After feeding Megalobrama amblycephala with HFD for 60 days, the protein content and gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). The protein and gene relative expressions of a Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and CD68 were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while antioxidant-related enzyme activities were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the liver of fish fed with HFD. In addition, HFD feeding also induced genotoxicity. Comet assay showed a significantly (P < 0.05) elevated DNA damage in blunt snout bream fed with HFD. Compared with normal-fat diets (NFD) group, the protein expression of γH2AX and gene expressions involved in cell cycle arrest were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in fish fed with HFD. Data in this research showed that lipotoxicity induced by HFD was likely mediated by chronic inflammation regulating macrophage recruitment, apoptosis and DNA damage. The study was valuable to understand the mechanism by which liver injury is induced in fish fed with HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Fei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Li J, Zhang Q, Zeng W, Wu Y, Luo M, Zhu Y, Guo AY, Yang X. Integrating Transcriptome and Experiments Reveals the Anti-diabetic Mechanism of Cyclocarya paliurus Formula. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:419-430. [PMID: 30388616 PMCID: PMC6205057 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is generally regarded as a metabolic disorder disease with various phenotypic expressions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used for preventing and treating diabetes. In our study, we demonstrated that Cyclocarya paliurus formula extractum (CPE), a compound of TCM, can ameliorate diabetes in diabetic rats. Transcriptome profiles were performed to elucidate the anti-diabetic mechanisms of CPE on pancreas and liver. Pancreatic transcriptome analysis showed CPE treatment significantly inhibited gene expressions related to inflammation and apoptosis pathways, among which the transcription factors (TFs) nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), STAT, and miR-9a/148/200 may serve as core regulators contributing to ameliorate diabetes. Biochemical studies also demonstrated CPE treatment decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6) and reduced β cell apoptosis. In liver tissue, our transcriptome and biochemical experiments showed that CPE treatment reduced lipid accumulation and liver injury, and it promoted glycogen synthesis, which may be regulated by TFs Srebf1, Mlxipl, and miR-122/128/192. Taken together, our findings revealed CPE could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent and treat diabetes. It is the first time to combine transcriptome and regulatory network analyses to study the mechanism of CPE in preventing diabetes, giving a demonstration of exploring the mechanism of TCM on complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nano medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nano medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nano medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Luo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nano medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - An-Yuan Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nano medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Reduced expression of Twist 1 is protective against insulin resistance of adipocytes and involves mitochondrial dysfunction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12590. [PMID: 30135600 PMCID: PMC6105588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) has become a global epidemic that represents a serious hazard to public health. However, the precise mechanisms modulating IR have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of transcriptional factor Twist 1 in adipocyte IR and to further explore the molecular mechanism. An in vitro IR model based on cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes was established under high glucose/insulin stimulation and an in vivo IR model in C57/BL6J mice induced by a high fat diet (HFD) was also developed. Lentivirus targeting Twist 1 silencing was introduced. The relationships between Twist 1 expression and IR state, mitochondrial dysfunction and the downstream insulin signaling pathway were assayed. Our results firstly showed the elevation of Twist 1 in IR adipocytes, and Twist 1 silencing attenuated IR. Then mitochondrial ultra-structural damage, elevated ROS, decreased MMP and ATP, and changes in mitochondrial biosynthesis-related genes in IR group indicated mitochondrial dysfunction. Further, the downstream IRS/PI3K/AKT/GluT4 pathway was showed involved in Twist 1-mediated IR. In total, we provide evidence of a protective role of Twist 1 silencing in relieving the IR state of adipocytes. Mitochondrial dysfunction and the downstream IRS/PI3K/AKT/GluT4 pathway were involved in this Twist 1-mediated IR.
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El Ayed M, Kadri S, Mabrouk M, Aouani E, Elkahoui S. Protective effect of grape seed and skin extract against high-fat diet-induced dyshomeostasis of energetic metabolism in rat lung. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:109. [PMID: 29747667 PMCID: PMC5944164 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is currently one of the major epidemics of this millennium and affects poeples throughout the world. It causes multiple systemic complications as it significantly interferes with respiratory function. OBJECTIVE We aimed in the present work to study the effect of high fat diet (HFD) on lung oxidative stress and energy metabolism alterations, as well as the putative protection afforded by grape seed and skin extract (GSSE). METHODS We started by characterizing the GSSE and its composition using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We used a rat model of high-fat-diet and we evaluated the effect of GSSE on oxidative stress and energetic disturbances induced by HFD. We analyzed the effect of HFD on lung oxidative status by assessing lipid oxidation level, non-protein thiols (NPSH) and superoxide anion level… We also evaluated the effect of HFD on creatine kinase (CK), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and mitochondrial complex IV. RESULTS HFD induced body weight gain, increased lung weight and lipid content without affecting insulinemia and dropped adiponectemia. HFD also provoked on lung oxidative stress characterized by increased carbonylation (+ 95%; p = 0.0045), decreased of NPSH (- 32%; p = 0.0291) and inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities such as glutathione peroxidase (- 25%; p = 0.0074). HFD also altered lung intracellular mediators as superoxide anion O2¯ (+ 59%; p = 0.0027) and increased lung xanthine oxidase activity (+ 27%; p = 0.0122). HFD induced copper depletion (- 24%; p = 0.0498) and lead (- 51%: p = 0.0490) from the lung. Correlatively HFD decreased the copper associated enzyme tyrosinase (- 29%; p = 0.0500) and decreased glutamine synthetase activity (- 31%; p = 0.0027). HFD altered also lung energy metabolism by increasing CK activity (+ 22%; p = 0.0108) and decreasing MDH and mitochondrial complex IV activities (- 28%; p = 0.0120, - 31%; p = 0.0086 respectively). Importantly all these alterations were efficiently corrected with GSSE treatment. CONCLUSION In conclusion, GSSE has the potential to alleviate the deleterious lipotoxic effect of HFD on lung and it could find potential application in the protection against HFD-induced lung complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Ayed
- Bioactive Substance Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Safwen Kadri
- Bioactive Substance Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Maha Mabrouk
- Bioactive Substance Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ezzedine Aouani
- Bioactive Substance Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Salem Elkahoui
- Bioactive Substance Laboratory, Biotechnology Centre, Technopolis Borj-Cedria, BP-901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunis, Tunisia
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Daily Intake of Grape Powder Prevents the Progression of Kidney Disease in Obese Type 2 Diabetic ZSF1 Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9040345. [PMID: 28362355 PMCID: PMC5409684 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals living with metabolic syndrome (MetS) such as diabetes and obesity are at high risk for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigated the beneficial effect of whole grape powder (WGP) diet on MetS-associated CKD. Obese diabetic ZSF1 rats, a kidney disease model with MetS, were fed WGP (5%, w/w) diet for six months. Kidney disease was determined using blood and urine chemical analyses, and histology. When compared to Vehicle controls, WGP intake did not change the rat bodyweight, but lowered their kidney, liver and spleen weight, which were in parallel with the lower serum glucose and the higher albumin or albumin/globin ratio. More importantly, WGP intake improved the renal function as urination and proteinuria decreased, or it prevented kidney tissue damage in these diabetic rats. The renal protection of WGP diet was associated with up-regulation of antioxidants (Dhcr24, Gstk1, Prdx2, Sod2, Gpx1 and Gpx4) and downregulation of Txnip (for ROS production) in the kidneys. Furthermore, addition of grape extract reduced H2O2-induced cell death of cultured podocytes. In conclusion, daily intake of WGP reduces the progression of kidney disease in obese diabetic rats, suggesting a protective function of antioxidant-rich grape diet against CKD in the setting of MetS.
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