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Han Y, Li S, Zhang Z, Ning X, Wu J, Zhang X. Bawei Chenxiang Wan ameliorates right ventricular hypertrophy in rats with high altitude heart disease by SIRT3-HIF1α-PDK/PDH signaling pathway improving fatty acid and glucose metabolism. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:190. [PMID: 38750550 PMCID: PMC11094862 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bawei Chenxiang Wan (BCW) is among the most effective and widely used therapies for coronary heart disease and angina pectoris in Tibet. However, whether it confers protection through a right-ventricle (RV) myocardial metabolic mechanism is unknown. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administrated with BCW, which was injected concurrently with a bolus of Sugen5416, and subjected to hypoxia exposure (SuHx; 5000 m altitude) for 4 weeks. Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in high-altitude heart disease (HAHD) was assessed using Fulton's index (FI; ratio of RV to left ventricle + septum weights) and heart-weight-to-body-weight ratio (HW/BW). The effect of therapeutic administration of BCW on the RVH hemodynamics was assessed through catheterization (mean right ventricular pressure and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mRVP and mPAP, respectively)). Tissue samples were used to perform histological staining, and confirmatory analyses of mRNA and protein levels were conducted to detect alterations in the mechanisms of RVH in HAHD. The protective mechanism of BCW was further verified via cell culture. RESULTS BCW considerably reduced SuHx-associated RVH, as indicated by macro morphology, HW/BW ratio, FI, mPAP, mRVP, hypertrophy markers, heart function, pathological structure, and myocardial enzymes. Moreover, BCW can alleviate the disorder of glucose and fatty acid metabolism through upregulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase1ɑ, citrate synthase, and acetyl-CoA and downregulation of glucose transport-4, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate, which resulted in the reduced levels of free fatty acid and lactic acid and increased aerobic oxidation. This process may be mediated via the regulation of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3)-hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α)-pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)/pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) signaling pathway. Subsequently, the inhibition of SIRT3 expression by 3-TYP (a selective inhibitor of SIRT3) can reverse substantially the anti-RVH effect of BCW in HAHD, as indicated by hypertrophy marker and serum myocardial enzyme levels. CONCLUSIONS BCW prevented SuHx-induced RVH in HAHD via the SIRT3-HIF1ɑ-PDK/PDH signaling pathway to alleviate the disturbance in fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Therefore, BCW can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of RVH in HAHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Han
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Wenhui Road East, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory for Research On Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
| | - Shadi Li
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Wenhui Road East, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory for Research On Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Wenhui Road East, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory for Research On Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ning
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Wenhui Road East, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory for Research On Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Wenhui Road East, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
- Joint Laboratory for Research On Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Wenhui Road East, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China.
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China.
- Joint Laboratory for Research On Active Components and Pharmacological Mechanism of Tibetan Materia Medica of Tibetan Medical Research Center of Tibet, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, P.R. China.
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Das S, Singh PK, Ameeruddin S, Kumar Bindhani B, Obaidullah WJ, Obaidullah AJ, Mishra S, Mohapatra RK. Ethnomedicinal values of Boerhaavia diffusa L. as a panacea against multiple human ailments: a state of art review. Front Chem 2023; 11:1297300. [PMID: 38033469 PMCID: PMC10682173 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1297300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Therapeutic botanicals (plants and derivatives) are in use since antiquity for various health ailments. The ethnic community is the repository of the information, the multifactorial therapeutic applications of which may often need scientific validation. The spreading hogweed or Boerhaavia diffusa L., also known as Punarnava, is a reassuring medicinal herb with diverse pharmacological benefits. It is used in Ayurveda in Asia and Africa as a rejuvenator or "Rasayan" for its excellent antiaging and antioxidant properties. Aim: The study aimed at compiling the state-of-art knowledge of the medicinal benefits of Boerhaavia diffusa L. and unraveling the unexplored commercially useful bioactive constituents by establishing their possible pharmacological benefits. Methods: The data from published literature, confined to pharmacological manifestations of various phytocomponents of Boerhaavia diffusa L. or its parts like root, leaf and stem were extracted from scientific databases, Google, Science Direct, PubMed, etc. using its antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, renoprotective, antifertility benefits and molecular docking study as search strings and keywords. Further, the reported in silico studies for bioactivity and bioavailability are detailed. Results: The botanicals possess numerous bioactive compounds, the most widely reported ones being phenolic (punarnavoside, trans-caftaric acid, boerhavic acid), rotenoid (boeravinones A-J), flavonoid (borhaavone, quercetin, kaempferol), isoflavonoid (2'-O-methyl abronisoflavone), alkaloid (punarnavine), steroid (boerhavisterol, β-Ecdysone), anthracenes and lignans (liriodendrin, syringaresinol mono-β-D-glucoside). Some of the reported reassuring benefits of their purified forms or even the crude extracts are antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, cardioprotective, antifertility, etc. Conclusion: The article provides an extensive study on such pharmacological utility to support the ethnomedicinal use of Boerhaavia diffusa L. and propose possible mechanism of the various bioactive compounds in optimising metabolic dysfunctions, healing and protecting vital body organs, often related to the magnificent antioxidant property of this ayurvedic panacea. Further, establishing specific roles of its yet-to-explore bioactive constituents for diverse pharmacological applications is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Das
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Puneet K. Singh
- Bioenergy Lab, School of Biotechnology, Campus-11, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shaikh Ameeruddin
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Birendra Kumar Bindhani
- School of Biotechnology, Campus-11, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Wajdi J. Obaidullah
- General Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- Bioenergy Lab, School of Biotechnology, Campus-11, KIIT Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
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Yu X. Promising Therapeutic Treatments for Cardiac Fibrosis: Herbal Plants and Their Extracts. Cardiol Ther 2023; 12:415-443. [PMID: 37247171 PMCID: PMC10423196 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-023-00319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is closely associated with multiple heart diseases, which are a prominent health issue in the global world. Neurohormones and cytokines play indispensable roles in cardiac fibrosis. Many signaling pathways participate in cardiac fibrosis as well. Cardiac fibrosis is due to impaired degradation of collagen and impaired fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation results in increasing heart stiffness and inharmonious activity, leading to structure alterations and finally cardiac function decline. Herbal plants have been applied in traditional medicines for thousands of years. Because of their naturality, they have attracted much attention for use in resisting cardiac fibrosis in recent years. This review sheds light on several extracts from herbal plants, which are promising therapeutics for reversing cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
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Handa K, Jindal R. Mitigating the nephrotoxic impact of hexavalent chromium in Ctenopharyngodon idellus (grass carp) with Boerhavia diffusa (punarnava) leaf extract. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:42399-42415. [PMID: 36648730 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Ctenopharyngodon idellus, the ameliorative influence of rutin-containing leaf extract of Boerhavia diffusa was assessed against chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium. For this, alterations in chromium accumulation, oxidative stress, kidney function markers, histopathology (light and transmission electron microscopy), and transcriptional profiling (Nrf2 and MT2) were examined. RP-HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of rutin (90.45 ± 0.98 mg/g) in the ethanolic leaf extract of the plant. LD50 of the extract to the fish was beyond 5000 mg/kg b.w. The fish was subjected to a sublethal concentration of hexavalent chromium (5.30 mg/L) accompanied by a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w./day of extract in the diet for the experimental duration of 45 days. The extract alone did not generate any adverse consequences in the nephric tissue. Chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium damaged tissue irreparably, demonstrated by elevated levels of kidney function markers (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) and altered histoarchitecture (DTC value of 78.02 ± 10.5). The metal exposure increased chromium accumulation and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase) and gene expression in the tissue. The co-supplementation of leaf extract with metal exposure revealed a tissue architecture with normal to slight modifications, and the level of kidney markers, antioxidants, and genes expressed in a normalized range. Principal component analysis created two components with antioxidants (GSH, SOD, CAT, and GST) revealing a negative correlation with the second component comprising MDA, DTC, and chromium concentration. It can be concluded that B. diffusa leaves are safe additives in the fish diet and possess an ameliorative capacity for renal injury incurred by hexavalent chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Handa
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rajinder Jindal
- Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Tanrıverdi LH, Özhan O, Ulu A, Yıldız A, Ateş B, Vardı N, Acet HA, Parlakpinar H. Activation of the Mas receptors by AVE0991 and MrgD receptor using alamandine to limit the deleterious effects of Ang II-induced hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:60-74. [PMID: 36117326 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The MrgD receptor agonist, alamandine (ALA) and Mas receptor agonist, AVE0991 have recently been identified as protective components of the renin-angiotensin system. We evaluated the effects of ALA and AVE0991 on cardiovascular function and remodeling in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced hypertension in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subject to 4-week subcutaneous infusions of Ang II (80 ng/kg/min) or saline after which they were treated with ALA (50 μg/kg), AVE0991 (576 μg/kg), or ALA+AVE0991 during the last 2 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) values were recorded with tail-cuff plethysmography at 1, 15, and 29 days post-treatment. After euthanization, the heart and thoracic aorta were removed for further analysis and vascular responses. SBP significantly increased in the Ang II group when compared to the control group. Furthermore, Ang II also caused an increase in cardiac and aortic cyclophilin-A (CYP-A), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and cardiomyocyte degeneration but produced a decrease in vascular relaxation. HR, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9, NADPH oxidase-4, and lysyl oxidase levels were comparable among groups. ALA, AVE0991, and the drug combination produced antihypertensive effects and alleviated vascular responses. The inflammatory and oxidative stress related to cardiac MCP-1 and CYP-A levels decreased in the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Vascular but not cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 levels decreased with Ang II administration but were similar to the Ang II+ALA+AVE0991 group. Our experimental data showed the combination of ALA and AVE0991 was found beneficial in Ang II-induced hypertension in rats by reducing SBP, oxidative stress, inflammation, and improving vascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Onural Özhan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Ulu
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Azibe Yıldız
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Nigar Vardı
- Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Hacı Ahmet Acet
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
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Ji S, Guo Y, Li G, Sang N. NO 2 exposure contributes to cardiac hypertrophy in male mice through apoptosis signaling pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136576. [PMID: 36155018 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the most common indoor and outdoor air pollutants. Inhalation of NO2 is associated with an increased risk of health problems, especially cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms still remain unclear. In this study, we exposed C57BL/6J mice to NO2 (2.5 ppm, 5 h/d) for 28 days and found that NO2 inhalation induced cardiac dysfunction in male mice, but not in female mice, including left ventricular dilation and cardiac systolic dysfunction. Pathological staining showed that NO2 inhalation induced eccentric hypertrophy with enlarged individual cardiomyocytes, dilated left ventricle, and thinning of the left ventricular wall in male mice. The transcriptional analysis suggested that NO2 exposure could disrupt Ca2+ homeostasis, actin cytoskeletal reorganization, myocardial contractility, and vascular dilation in male mice. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were closely associated with the apoptotic signaling pathways. These findings suggested that NO2 exposure caused cardiac eccentric hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction through apoptotic signaling pathways, and contributed to cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China.
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Das S, Sahoo BM, Bhattamisra SK. Multifunctional Role of Phytochemicals Derived from Boerhaavia diffusa L. in Human Health, Ailments and Therapy. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666220308141939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The whole plant of Boerhaavia diffusa L. (BD) has wide ethnomedicinal and ethnopharmacological applications. It is a versatile medicinal herb, with tremendous antioxidant potential, used commonly in Asian and African countries for a variety of Ayurvedic formulations as a “Rasayan” or Rejuvenator.
Objective:
This paper is aimed at providing an extensive study of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of BD to support its ethnopharmacological uses and the effectiveness of different active constituents present in BD. We believe that this paper will provide an insight into various trends and advances for future studies on BD.
Methods:
All relevant information was collected from worldwide accepted search engines and databases, i.e. Google, Pub Med, Elsevier, Science Direct and Web of Science, etc.
Results:
Based on the study conducted for this paper, it was found that BD is a rich source of several phytochemicals that are extracted from its roots and aerial parts. Among them, secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, rotenoids, glycosides, steroids, and lignans are the most important ones. The crude extract and the isolated phytochemicals are reported to have impressive bioactivities such as immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antifertility, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties.
Conclusion:
The immense therapeutic potential of BD has been explored in many experiments, which validates its traditional uses. However, reports from clinical trials and the specific interaction of isolated phytoconstituents with microbial toxins or molecular markers of pathogenesis are meager. Therefore, further studies can be undertaken to elucidate the molecular cross-talk between the major therapeutic components with pathological biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Das
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Biswa Mohan Sahoo
- Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khodasingi, Berhampur-760010, Odisha, India
| | - Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Sciences, Adamas University, Jagannathpur, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India
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Sinan KI, Akpulat U, Aldahish AA, Celik Altunoglu Y, Baloğlu MC, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Gevrenova R, Lobine D, Mahomoodally MF, Etienne OK, Zengin G, Mahmud S, Capasso R. LC-MS/HRMS Analysis, Anti-Cancer, Anti-Enzymatic and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Boerhavia diffusa Extracts: A Potential Raw Material for Functional Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:2003. [PMID: 34943106 PMCID: PMC8698501 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Boerhavia diffusa is a great tropical plant and is widely used for various traditional purposes. In the present study, we examined the influence of solvents (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and infusion (water)) on chemical composition and biological capabilities of B. diffusa. An UHPLC-HRMS method was used to determine the chemical characterization. The biological ability was examined for antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory and anti-cancer effects. To evaluate antioxidant effects, different chemical methods (ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC, FRAP, metal chelating and phosphomolybdenum) were applied. With regard to enzyme inhibitory properties, cholinesterases, amylase, glucosidase and tyrosinase were used. The MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line was chosen to determine anticancer activity. Based on the UHPLC-HRMS analysis, 37 specialized metabolites were dereplicated and identified in the studied extracts. Results revealed the presence of 15 hydroxybenzoic, hydroxycinnamic, acylquinic acids, and their glycosides, one rotenoid, seven flavonoids, 12 fatty acids and two other glycosides. Among the tested extracts, the methanol extract showed a stronger antioxidant ability compared with other extracts. The methanol extract also showed the best inhibitory effects on tyrosinase and glucosidase. In the anti-cancer evaluation, the methanol extract showed stronger anticancer effects compared with water extract. In summary, our observations can contribute to the establishment of B. diffusa as a potential candidate for functional applications in the preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Uğur Akpulat
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey;
| | - Afaf A. Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Asir, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yasemin Celik Altunoglu
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey; (Y.C.A.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Mehmet Cengiz Baloğlu
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey; (Y.C.A.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1431 Soifa, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
| | - Reneta Gevrenova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1431 Soifa, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
| | - Devina Lobine
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (D.L.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius; (D.L.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Ouattara Katinan Etienne
- Laboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan 00225, Côte d’Ivoire;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang P, Han Y, Liu L, Li J, Chen Y, Liu D, Wang J, Tian X, Zhao Q, Yan F. Bawei Chenxiang Wan Ameliorates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Activating AMPK/PPAR-α Signaling Pathway Improving Energy Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653901. [PMID: 34149410 PMCID: PMC8209424 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bawei Chenxiang Wan (BCW), a well-known traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine formula, is effective for the treatment of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCW in cardiac hypertrophy and underlying mechanisms. The dose of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg BCW treated cardiac hypertrophy in SD rat model induced by isoprenaline (ISO). Our results showed that BCW (0.4 g/kg) could repress cardiac hypertrophy, indicated by macro morphology, heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW), left ventricle heart weight to body weight ratio (LVW/BW), hypertrophy markers, heart function, pathological structure, cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocardial cells, and the myocardial enzymes. Furthermore, we declared the mechanism of BCW anti-hypertrophy effect was associated with activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) signals, which regulate carnitine palmitoyltransferase1β (CPT-1β) and glucose transport-4 (GLUT-4) to ameliorate glycolipid metabolism. Moreover, BCW also elevated mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1), cytochrome b (Cytb), and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome coxidase I (mt-co1) expression, which was associated with mitochondria function and oxidative phosphorylation. Subsequently, knocking down AMPK by siRNA significantly can reverse the anti-hypertrophy effect of BCW indicated by hypertrophy markers and cell surface of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, BCW prevents ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating AMPK/PPAR-α to alleviate the disturbance in energy metabolism. Therefore, BCW can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yiwei Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yichun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Duxia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinying Wang
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fengxia Yan
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Ramachandra CJA, Cong S, Chan X, Yap EP, Yu F, Hausenloy DJ. Oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy: From molecular mechanisms to novel therapeutic targets. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:297-312. [PMID: 33675957 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
When faced with increased workload the heart undergoes remodelling, where it increases its muscle mass in an attempt to preserve normal function. This is referred to as cardiac hypertrophy and if sustained, can lead to impaired contractile function. Experimental evidence supports oxidative stress as a critical inducer of both genetic and acquired forms of cardiac hypertrophy, a finding which is reinforced by elevated levels of circulating oxidative stress markers in patients with cardiac hypertrophy. These observations formed the basis for using antioxidants as a therapeutic means to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and improve clinical outcomes. However, the use of antioxidant therapies in the clinical setting has been associated with inconsistent results, despite antioxidants having been shown to exert protection in several animal models of cardiac hypertrophy. This has forced us to revaluate the mechanisms, both upstream and downstream of oxidative stress, where recent studies demonstrate that apart from conventional mediators of oxidative stress, metabolic disturbances, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation as well as dysregulated autophagy and protein homeostasis contribute to disease pathophysiology through mechanisms involving oxidative stress. Importantly, novel therapeutic targets have been identified to counteract oxidative stress and attenuate cardiac hypertrophy but more interestingly, the repurposing of drugs commonly used to treat metabolic disorders, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, sleep disorders and arthritis have also been shown to improve cardiac function through suppression of oxidative stress. Here, we review the latest literature on these novel mechanisms and intervention strategies with the aim of better understanding the complexities of oxidative stress for more precise targeted therapeutic approaches to prevent cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrishan J A Ramachandra
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Shuo Cong
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xavier Chan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - En Ping Yap
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fan Yu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan
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11
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Qin M, Li Q, Wang Y, Li T, Gu Z, Huang P, Ren L. Rutin treats myocardial damage caused by pirarubicin via regulating miR-22-5p-regulated RAP1/ERK signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22615. [PMID: 32864822 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Our experiments have previously demonstrated that rutin (RUT) can improve myocardial damage caused by pirarubicin (THP). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain uncertain. In this study, we developed an microRNA (miRNA) chip by replicating the rat model of THP-induced myocardial injury and identified miR-22-5p and the RAP1-member of RAS oncogene family/extracellular regulated protein kinases (RAP1/ERK) signaling pathway as an object of study. Also, in vivo experiments demonstrated that THP caused abnormal changes in the electrocardiogram, cardiac function, and histomorphology in rats (P < .01). THP also reduces the expression of miR-22-5p (P < .01) and increases the levels of RAP1/ERK signaling pathway-related proteins (P < .01, P < .05). RUT significantly improved THP-induced myocardial damage (P < .01), increased the expression of miR-22-5p (P < .01), and decreased the levels of RAP1/ERK signaling pathway-related proteins (P < .01, P < .05). In vitro studies confirmed that Rap1a is one of the target genes of miR-22-5p. miR-22-5p overexpression in cardiomyocytes can affect the RAP1/ERK pathway and reduce reactive oxygen species production and cardiomyocyte apoptosis caused by THP (P < .01), which is consistent with the effect of RUT. Our results indicate that RUT treats THP-induced myocardial damage, which may be achieved by upregulating miR-22-5p, causing changes in its target gene Rap1a and the RAP1/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qin
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.,Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital Affiliated of The Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yadi Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital Affiliated of The Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Tengteng Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zehui Gu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital Affiliated of The Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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12
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Boots AW, Veith C, Albrecht C, Bartholome R, Drittij MJ, Claessen SMH, Bast A, Rosenbruch M, Jonkers L, van Schooten FJ, Schins RPF. The dietary antioxidant quercetin reduces hallmarks of bleomycin-induced lung fibrogenesis in mice. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:112. [PMID: 32349726 PMCID: PMC7191795 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-1142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, lethal disease of which the etiology is still not fully understood. Current treatment comprises two FDA-approved drugs that can slow down yet not stop or reverse the disease. As IPF pathology is associated with an altered redox balance, adding a redox modulating component to current therapy might exert beneficial effects. Quercetin is a dietary antioxidant with strong redox modulating capacities that is suggested to exert part of its antioxidative effects via activation of the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 that regulates endogenous antioxidant levels. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate if the dietary antioxidant quercetin can exert anti-fibrotic effects in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrogenesis through Nrf2-dependent restoration of redox imbalance. METHODS Homozygous Nrf2 deficient mice and their wildtype littermates were fed a control diet without or with 800 mg quercetin per kg diet from 7 days prior to a single 1 μg/2 μl per g BW bleomycin challenge until they were sacrificed 14 days afterwards. Lung tissue and plasma were collected to determine markers of fibrosis (expression of extracellular matrix genes and histopathology), inflammation (pulmonary gene expression and plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and keratinocyte chemoattrachtant (KC)), and redox balance (pulmonary gene expression of antioxidants and malondialdehyde-dG (MDA)- DNA adducts). RESULTS Mice fed the enriched diet for 7 days prior to the bleomycin challenge had significantly enhanced plasma and pulmonary quercetin levels (11.08 ± 0.73 μM versus 7.05 ± 0.2 μM) combined with increased expression of Nrf2 and Nrf2-responsive genes compared to mice fed the control diet in lung tissue. Upon bleomycin treatment, quercetin-fed mice displayed reduced expression of collagen (COL1A2) and fibronectin (FN1) and a tendency of reduced inflammatory lesions (2.8 ± 0.7 versus 1.9 ± 0.8). These beneficial effects were accompanied by reduced pulmonary gene expression of TNFα and KC, but not their plasma levels, and enhanced Nrf2-induced pulmonary antioxidant defences. In Nrf2 deficient mice, no effect of the dietary antioxidant on either histology or inflammatory lesions was observed. CONCLUSION Quercetin exerts anti-fibrogenic and anti-inflammatory effects on bleomycin-induced pulmonary damage in mice possibly through modulation of the redox balance by inducing Nrf2. However, quercetin could not rescue the bleomycin-induced pulmonary damage indicating that quercetin alone cannot ameliorate the progression of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes W Boots
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, DE, Germany.
| | - Carmen Veith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Catrin Albrecht
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, DE, Germany
| | - Roger Bartholome
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Drittij
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M H Claessen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Leonie Jonkers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik-Jan van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Düsseldorf, DE, Germany
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13
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Tseng YT, Hsu HT, Lee TY, Chang WH, Lo YC. Naringenin, a dietary flavanone, enhances insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor-mediated antioxidant defense and attenuates methylglyoxal-induced neurite damage and apoptotic death. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:71-81. [PMID: 30900959 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1594554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Recent studies revealed the neuroprotective effects of naringenin (NGEN), a common dietary bioflavonoid contained in citrus fruits. However, there are limited data on its protection against methylglyoxal (MG), the most potent precursor of advanced glycation end-products. The present study was to investigate the protection of NGEN on MG-induced neurotoxicity and the involvement of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling. Methods: NSC34 motor neuron-like cells was used. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Protein expressions were analyzed by western blots. Morphological changes of neurites were observed by an inverted microscope. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptotic cell numbers were measured by flow cytometer. Glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured by ELISA. Results: >NGEN attenuated ROS production and increased GSH level, SOD activity and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear expression in MG-treated NSC34 cells. NGEN also increased neurite length and enhanced IGF-1R and p-Akt in MG-treated NSC34 cells. Furthermore, NGEN attenuated MG-induced apoptotic death accompanied with down-regulation of cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and up-regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). However, AG1024, an IGF-1R antagonist, attenuated the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of NGEN in MG-treated cells. Discussion: The present results demonstrated that NGEN decreased neuronal apoptosis and improved antioxidant defense in MG-treated NSC34 cells. Moreover, IGF-1R-mediated antioxidant defense plays an important role in this protective mechanism. These findings suggest the potential benefits of NGEN on the prevention of MG-induced or diabetes/hyperglycemia-related neurotoxicity. In vivo studies are needed for further confirmation on NGEN-mediated neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Te Hsu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesia, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ying Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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14
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Salin Raj P, Swapna SUS, Raghu KG. High glucose induced calcium overload via impairment of SERCA/PLN pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction leads to oxidative stress in H9c2 cells and amelioration with ferulic acid. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 33:412-425. [PMID: 30739350 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and associated complications are the major pathological concerns of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). We aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which high glucose (HG) induced alteration in calcium homeostasis and evaluation of the beneficial effect of two concentrations (10 and 25 μm) of ferulic acid (FA). HG was induced in H9c2 cardiomyoblast by treating with glucose (33 mm) for 48 h, and FA was co-treated. Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]i) overload was found increased significantly with HG. For elucidation of mechanism, the SERCA pathway and mitochondrial integrity (transmembrane potential and permeability transition pore) were explored. Then, we assessed oxidative stress, and cell injury with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. HG caused significant [Ca2+ ]i overload through downregulation of SERCA2/1, pPLN, and pPKA C-α; and upregulation of PLN and PKA C-α and alteration in the integrity of mitochondria with HG. The [Ca2+ ]i overload in turn caused oxidative stress via generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. This resulted in cell injury which was evident with significant release of BNP, ANP, and LDH. FA co-treatment was effective to mitigate all pathological changes caused by HG. From the overall results, we conclude that [Ca2+ ]i overload via SERCA pathway and altered mitochondrial integrity is the main cause for oxidative stress during HG. Based on our result, we report that FA could be an attractive nutraceutical for DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palayyan Salin Raj
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Sasi U S Swapna
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Kozhiparambil G Raghu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
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15
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Parga JA, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Garcia-Garrote M, Rodriguez-Pallares J, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Angiotensin II induces oxidative stress and upregulates neuroprotective signaling from the NRF2 and KLF9 pathway in dopaminergic cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:394-406. [PMID: 30315936 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that activates the antioxidant cellular defense in response to oxidative stress, leading to neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease (PD) models. We have previously shown that Angiotensin II (AngII) induces an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) via AngII receptor type 1 and NADPH oxidase (NOX), which may activate the NRF2 pathway. However, controversial data suggest that AngII induces a decrease in NRF2 signaling leading to an increase in oxidative stress. We analyzed the effect of AngII and the dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in culture and in vivo, and examined the effects on the expression of NRF2-related genes. Treatment of neuronal cell lines Mes23.5, N27 and SH-SY5Y with AngII, 6-OHDA or a combination of both increased ROS production and reduced cell viability. Simultaneously, these treatments induced an increase in expression in the NRF2-regulated genes heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo1) and Kruppel like factor 9 (Klf9). Moreover, overexpression of KLF9 transcription factor caused a reduction in the production of ROS induced by treatment with AngII or 6-OHDA and improved the survival of these neuronal cells. Rats treated with AngII, 6-OHDA or a combination of both also showed an increased expression of NRF2 related genes and KLF9. In conclusion, our data indicate that AngII induces a damaging effect in neuronal cells, but also acts as a signaling molecule to activate NRF2 and KLF9 neuroprotective pathways in cellular and animal models of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Parga
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Garcia-Garrote
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jannette Rodriguez-Pallares
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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A P, P SR, M PR, K G R. Apoptosis in angiotensin II-stimulated hypertrophic cardiac cells -modulation by phenolics rich extract of Boerhavia diffusa L. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1097-1104. [PMID: 30372810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we investigated the effects of B. diffusa (BDE), a well-known cardiotonic edible medicinal plant against apoptosis in Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated hypertrophic cardiac cells (H9c2). The cells were analyzed for viability, markers of hypertrophy, apoptosis, and the expression of various proteins related to apoptosis. Ang II (100 nM for 48 h)-exposed H9c2 cells treated with BDE (75 μg/ml) showed a significant reduction in apoptosis (58.60%↓) compared to Ang II-alone treated cells. BDE treatment significantly reduced the up-regulation of Bax and cytosolic cytochrome-C caused by Ang II as well as reduced the degree of Ang II- induced down-regulation of Bcl-2. A reduction in caspase-3 activity (33.77%↓) and down-regulation of TNF-α was also observed in BDE treated cells stimulated with Ang II. Furthermore, the up-regulation of phospho-p38 MAPK was attenuated by BDE treatment. Bioactive components in the extract were identified as boeravinone B, quercetin, kaempferol, and caffeic acid as evident from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Overall, our study shows that B. diffusa is effective in attenuating apoptosis in cardiac cells, which is a major contributor to sudden cardiac death in addition to its nutraceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathapan A
- Biochemistry & Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Salin Raj P
- Biochemistry & Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Priya Rani M
- Biochemistry & Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Raghu K G
- Biochemistry & Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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17
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Ru NY, Cui LB, Jiao B, Zhang L, Jiang S, Yu ZB. Glycosylated CD147 reduces myocardial collagen cross-linking in cardiac hypertrophy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8022-8034. [PMID: 29377254 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of transition from chronic pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure is still unclear. Angiotensin II (Ang II) may be an important factor that mediates the transition in the end-stage of cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, Goldblatt two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) rat model was used to simulate Ang II-induced hypertension. The elevated Ang II not only induced the concentric hypertrophy of left ventricle and cardiac fibrosis, but also increased the expression and glycosylation of CD147 in 2K1C rats. The left ventricular structure and function detected by echocardiogram showed a sign of the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure in 16 weeks of 2K1C rats. Ang II can activate N-acetylglucosamine transferase V (GnT-V), a key enzyme for CD147 glycosylation. Retinoic acid, an agonist of GnT-V, further increased glycosylated CD147, and activated matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in the hypertrophied left ventricle of 2K1C rat. Meanwhile, collagen cross-linking in the hypertrophied left ventricle significantly reduced in 2K1C rats. On the contrary, tunicamycin, an inhibitor of N-glycan biosynthesis, inhibited glycosylation of CD147 and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and then maintained a stable of collagen cross-linking in the 2K1C rat hearts. The above results suggested that Ang II increased glycosylated CD147 which activated MMP-2 and MMP-9. Collagens were degraded by the activated MMPs and then reduced collagen cross-linking. Finally, the hypertrophied left ventricle was progressively dilated in chronic pressure overload due to losing the limitation of collagen cross-linking. Therefore, the compensated hypertrophy of left ventricle gradually transited to congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Yu Ru
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Long-Biao Cui
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,School of Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Yu
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Chen X, Qian J, Wang L, Li J, Zhao Y, Han J, Khan Z, Chen X, Wang J, Liang G. Kaempferol attenuates hyperglycemia-induced cardiac injuries by inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Endocrine 2018; 60:83-94. [PMID: 29392616 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress is an attractive strategy to against diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Kaempferol (KPF) exerts both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological properties. However, little is known about the effect of KPF on protecting myocardial injury in diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of KPF on DCM and underlying mechanism. METHODS Anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress activities of KPF were evaluated in H9c2 cells or primary cardiomyocytes by real-time quantitate PCR, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and FACS. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus mice were constructed. Corresponding to experiments in vitro, the therapeutic effect of KPF was also assessed using heart tissues from mice. RESULTS KPF significantly inhibited high glocose (HG) induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and generation of ROS, leading to reduced fibrotic responses and cell apoptosis in vitro. KPF mediated DCM protective effects through inhibiting nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nucleus translocation and activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 (Nrf-2). In STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mouse model, KPF prevented diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis and apoptosis. These changes were also accompanied by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic mice hearts. CONCLUSION KPF is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of DCM, mechanically linked to inhibition of NF-κB and Nrf-2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lintao Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jieli Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjie Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jibo Han
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zia Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, N6A5C1, Canada
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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19
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Zhang N, Wei WY, Li LL, Hu C, Tang QZ. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols in Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:122. [PMID: 29497382 PMCID: PMC5818417 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, in response to injury and stress, is central to a broad constellation of cardiovascular diseases. Fibrosis decreases myocardial wall compliance due to extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, leading to impaired systolic and diastolic function and causing arrhythmogenesis. Although some conventional drugs, such as β-blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, have been shown to alleviate cardiac fibrosis in clinical trials, these traditional therapies do not tend to target all the fibrosis-associated mechanisms, and do not hamper the progression of cardiac fibrosis in patients with heart failure. Polyphenols are present in vegetables, fruits, and beverages and had been proposed as attenuators of cardiac fibrosis in different models of cardiovascular diseases. Together with results found in the literature, we can show that some polyphenols exert anti-fibrotic and myocardial protective effects by mediating inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrotic molecular signals. This review considers an overview of the mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis, illustrates their involvement in different animal models of cardiac fibrosis treated with some polyphenols and projects the future direction and therapeutic potential of polyphenols on cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Ying Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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Zhang Y, Yan W, Ji X, Yue H, Li G, Sang N. Maternal NO2 exposure induces cardiac hypertrophy in male offspring via ROS-HIF-1α transcriptional regulation and aberrant DNA methylation modification of Csx/Nkx2.5. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1563-1579. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Wang H, Sun Z, Rehman RU, Shen T, Riaz S, Li X, Hua E, Zhao J. Apple phlorizin supplementation attenuates oxidative stress in hamsters fed a high-fat diet. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Zhenou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Rizwan-Ur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Tingting Shen
- College of Biological Engineering; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Sania Riaz
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology; University of Punjab; Lahore Pakistan
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - ErBing Hua
- College of Biological Engineering; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science & Technology; Tianjin China
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