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Bello RO, Okunlola ST, Kumar N, Victor O, Jimoh TO, Abdulsalam ZN, Kehinde IO, Umar HI. An integrative computational approach for the identification of dual inhibitors of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 from phytocompounds of Phyllantus amarus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:7272-7288. [PMID: 37559488 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2245494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Genetic alterations of the genes encoding the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes have been identified in about 20% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases as well as many other forms of cancers. Notable among these alterations are the neomorphic IDH1_R132H and IDH2_R140Q mutations which lead to the production of an oncometabolite. Hence, their inhibition is widely considered a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of many cancers. While many inhibitors of the mutant enzymes have been developed, an inhibitor that is capable of co-inhibiting both enzymes are currently lacking while drug resistance has also limited the clinical usage of previously identified mono inhibitors. Consequently, this study employed molecular modeling approaches, such as molecular docking, molecular mechanics generalized Born Surface area (MM/GBSA), molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and density functional theory (DFT) analysis to identify potential dual inhibitors of the previously mentioned mutant IDH1/2 from the phytocompounds of Phyllantus amarus. Of the 31 phytocompounds identified, 20 showed good binding affinities for both IDH1 _R132H and IDH2 _R140Q (ranging from -5.2 Kca/mol to -9.6 Kcal/mol) and had desirable pharmacokinetic properties. However, ellagic acid and pinoresinol possessed better pharmacokinetic properties, rendering suitable hits. Investigation of the behavior of the IDH1_R132H and IDH2_R140Q complexes with ellagic acid and pinoresinol via the RMSD, RMSF, and contact map analyses showed that all the complexes-maintained stability throughout the simulation time. Ultimately, ellagic acid and pinoresinol were identified as promising hits for the development of IDH1_R132H and IDH2_R140Q dual inhibitors. However, further experimental studies are needed to confirm their potential as therapies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Opeyemi Bello
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform (CAT2D), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Salihaat Toyin Okunlola
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform (CAT2D), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles' College of Pharmacy, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Omoboyede Victor
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform (CAT2D), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Tajudeen O Jimoh
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Islamic University in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Zainab Naeem Abdulsalam
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform (CAT2D), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Idayat Oyinkansola Kehinde
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform (CAT2D), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
| | - Haruna Isiyaku Umar
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform (CAT2D), School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences (SLS), Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Yang C, Zhao M, Chen Y, Song J, Wang D, Zou M, Liu J, Wen W, Xu S. Dietary bitter ginger-derived zerumbone improved memory performance during aging through inhibition of the PERK/CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 39078275 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
PERK/CHOP pathway-mediated excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is closely linked to aging-related cognitive impairment (ARCD). Zerumbone (ZB), a naturally occurring sesquiterpene molecule obtained from dietary bitter ginger, has garnered significant interest due to its diverse range of biological properties. It is unclear, though, if ZB can reduce ARCD by preventing ER stress that is dependent on the PERK/CHOP pathway. Here, the PERK-CHOP ER stress pathway was the main focus of an evaluation of the effects and mechanisms of ZB for attenuating ARCD in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mice and SH-SY5Y cells. According to our findings, ZB not only greatly decreased neuronal impairment both in vitro and in vivo, but also significantly alleviated learning and memory failure in vivo. ZB significantly reduced the activation of the PERK/CHOP pathway and neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting the down-regulation of GRP78, p-PREK/PERK, and CHOP expression levels, in addition to suppressing oxidative damage (MDA drop and SOD rise). Comparable outcomes were noted in SH-SY5Y cells subjected to severe ER stress caused by TM. On the other hand, 4-PBA, an ER stress inhibitor, considerably reversed these modifications. Remarkably, CCT020312 (a PERK activator) dramatically overrode the inhibitory effects of ZB on the PERK/CHOP pathway and neuronal death in D-gal-induced SH-SY5Y cells. In contrast, GSK2606414 (a PERK inhibitor) significantly increased these effects of ZB. In summary, our results suggested that ZB prevented D-gal-induced cognitive deficits by blocking the PERK/CHOP-dependent ER stress pathway and apoptosis, suggesting that ZB might be a natural sesquiterpene molecule that relieves ARCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Meihuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Juxian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingru Liu
- University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Wen Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
- Institute of Materia Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
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3
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Balakrishnan R, Jannat K, Choi DK. Development of dietary small molecules as multi-targeting treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease. Redox Biol 2024; 71:103105. [PMID: 38471283 PMCID: PMC10945280 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction can occur both in normal aging and age-related neurological disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). These disorders have few treatment options due to side effects and limited efficacy. New approaches to slow cognitive decline are urgently needed. Dietary interventions (nutraceuticals) have received considerable attention because they exhibit strong neuroprotective properties and may help prevent or minimize AD symptoms. Biological aging is driven by a series of interrelated mechanisms, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and autophagy, which function through various signaling pathways. Recent clinical and preclinical studies have shown that dietary small molecules derived from natural sources, including flavonoids, carotenoids, and polyphenolic acids, can modulate oxidative damage, cognitive impairments, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, autophagy dysregulation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This paper reviews research on different dietary small molecules and their bioactive constituents in the treatment of AD. Additionally, the chemical structure, effective dose, and specific molecular mechanisms of action are comprehensively explored. This paper also discusses the advantages of using nanotechnology-based drug delivery, which significantly enhances oral bioavailability, safety, and therapeutic effect, and lowers the risk of adverse effects. These agents have considerable potential as novel and safe therapeutic agents that can prevent and combat age-related AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rengasamy Balakrishnan
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Khoshnur Jannat
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea.
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang J, Wei H, Zhang C, Zhang Q. Cyclocodon lancifolius fruit prolongs the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via antioxidation and regulation of purine metabolism. Food Funct 2024; 15:3353-3364. [PMID: 38481358 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02931j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cyclocodon lancifolius fruit is a promising commercial fruit with antioxidant activity and is rich in polyphenolic compounds. In this study, the anti-aging activity of C. lancifolius fruit extract (CF) on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was evaluated by observing the longevity, stress response, reproduction, oscillation, lipofuscin, and antioxidant enzymes of worms. Moreover, the effects and potential mechanisms of CF on delaying C. elegans senescence at the mRNA and metabolite levels were investigated. The results showed that CF treatment significantly increased the lifespan and stress resistance, decreased the levels of lipofuscin and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and improved the antioxidant system of C. elegans. The extension of the lifespan of C. elegans was remarkably correlated with the upregulation of mtl-1 and Hsp-16.2, along with the downregulation of age-1, daf-2, and akt-1. Metabolomics analysis revealed that purine metabolism is a key regulatory pathway for CF to exert anti-aging effects. The present study suggests that C. lancifolius fruit has potential for use as a functional food to enhance antioxidant capacity and delay aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Jianxia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Cunli Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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García-Trejo SS, Gómez-Sierra T, Eugenio-Pérez D, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Protective Effect of Curcumin on D-Galactose-Induced Senescence and Oxidative Stress in LLC-PK1 and HK-2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:415. [PMID: 38671863 PMCID: PMC11047423 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
D-galactose has been widely used as an inducer of cellular senescence and pathophysiological processes related to aging because it induces oxidative stress. On the other hand, the consumption of antioxidants such as curcumin can be an effective strategy to prevent phenotypes related to the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as aging and senescence. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of curcumin on senescence and oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by D-galactose treatment in Lilly Laboratories Culture-Porcine Kidney 1 (LLC-PK1) and human kidney 2 (HK-2) proximal tubule cell lines from pig and human, respectively. For senescence induction, cells were treated with 300 mM D-galactose for 120 h and, to evaluate the protective effect of the antioxidant, cells were treated with 5 µM curcumin for 24 h and subsequently treated with curcumin + D-galactose for 120 h. In LLC-PK1 cells, curcumin treatment decreased by 20% the number of cells positive for senescence-associated (SA)-β-D-galactosidase staining and by 25% the expression of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and increased by 40% lamin B1 expression. In HK-2 cells, curcumin treatment increased by 60% the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, 50% Klotho levels, and 175% catalase activity. In both cell lines, this antioxidant decreased the production of ROS (20% decrease for LLC-PK1 and 10 to 20% for HK-2). These data suggest that curcumin treatment has a moderate protective effect on D-galactose-induced senescence in LLC-PK1 and HK-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.S.G.-T.); (T.G.-S.); (D.E.-P.); (O.N.M.-C.)
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6
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Radwan N, Khan E, Ardah MT, Kitada T, Haque ME. Ellagic Acid Prevents α-Synuclein Spread and Mitigates Toxicity by Enhancing Autophagic Flux in an Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease. Nutrients 2023; 16:85. [PMID: 38201915 PMCID: PMC10780534 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder, pathologically characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) as well as the formation of Lewy bodies composed mainly of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates. It has been documented that abnormal aggregation of α-syn is one of the major causes of developing PD. In the current study, administration of ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenolic compound (10 mg/kg bodyweight), significantly decreased α-syn spreading and preserved dopaminergic neurons in a male C57BL/6 mouse model of PD. Moreover, EA altered the autophagic flux, suggesting the involvement of a restorative mechanism meditated by EA treatment. Our data support that EA could play a major role in the clearing of toxic α-syn from spreading, in addition to the canonical antioxidative role, and thus preventing dopaminergic neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
| | - Engila Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
| | - Mustafa T. Ardah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
| | - Tohru Kitada
- Otawa-Kagaku, Parkinson Clinic and Research, Kamakura 247-0061, Japan;
| | - M. Emdadul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
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Prajapat M, Kaur G, Choudhary G, Pahwa P, Bansal S, Joshi R, Batra G, Mishra A, Singla R, Kaur H, Prabha PK, Patel AP, Medhi B. A systematic review for the development of Alzheimer's disease in in vitro models: a focus on different inducing agents. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1296919. [PMID: 38173557 PMCID: PMC10761490 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1296919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease and is associated with dementia. Presently, various chemical and environmental agents are used to induce in-vitro models of Alzheimer disease to investigate the efficacy of different therapeutic drugs. We screened literature from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google scholar, emphasizing the diverse targeting mechanisms of neuro degeneration explored in in-vitro models. The results revealed studies in which different types of chemicals and environmental agents were used for in-vitro development of Alzheimer-targeting mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Studies using chemically induced in-vitro AD models included in this systematic review will contribute to a deeper understanding of AD. However, none of these models can reproduce all the characteristics of disease progression seen in the majority of Alzheimer's disease subtypes. Additional modifications would be required to replicate the complex conditions of human AD in an exact manner. In-vitro models of Alzheimer's disease developed using chemicals and environmental agents are instrumental in providing insights into the disease's pathophysiology; therefore, chemical-induced in-vitro AD models will continue to play vital role in future AD research. This systematic screening revealed the pivotal role of chemical-induced in-vitro AD models in advancing our understanding of AD pathophysiology and is therefore important to understand the potential of these chemicals in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Paras Pahwa
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Seema Bansal
- MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (DU) University, Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Rupa Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gitika Batra
- Department of Neurology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Rubal Singla
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | | | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Goyal J, Jain P, Jain V, Banerjee D, Bhattacharyya R, Dey S, Sharma R, Rai N. Melamine Exacerbates Neurotoxicity in D-Galactose-Induced Neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells. J Aging Res 2023; 2023:6635370. [PMID: 38045533 PMCID: PMC10689074 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6635370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have depicted the role of diet and environmental toxins in aging. Melamine (Mel) is a globally known notorious food adulterant, and its toxicity has been shown in several organs including the brain. However, till now, there are no reports regarding Mel neurotoxicity in aging neurons. So, this study examined the in vitro neurotoxicity caused by Mel in the D-galactose (DG)-induced aging model of neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. In the present study, the neuronal SH-SY5Y cells were treated with DG and Mel separately and in combination to assess the neurotoxicity potential using MTT assay and neurite length measurement. Further, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant activities were evaluated followed by the determination of the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and caspase3 (Casp3) activity. The cotreatment of Mel and DG in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells showed maximum cell death than the cells treated with DG or Mel individually and untreated control cells. The neurite length shrinkage and ROS production were maximum in the DG and Mel cotreated cells showing exacerbated toxicity of Mel. The activity of SOD, CAT, and total antioxidants was also found to be lowered in the cotreatment group (Mel + DG) than in Mel- or DG-treated and untreated cells. Further, the combined toxicity of Mel and DG also elevated the Casp3 activity more than any other group. This is the first study showing the increased neurotoxic potential of Mel in an aging model of neuronal SH-SY5Y cells which implicates that Mel consumption by the elderly may lead to increased incidences of neurodegeneration like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Preet Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
| | - Vivek Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dibyajyoti Banerjee
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajasri Bhattacharyya
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Rambabu Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, India
| | - Nitish Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
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Malaekeh-Nikouei A, Shokri-Naei S, Karbasforoushan S, Bahari H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Heidari R, Askari VR. Metformin beyond an anti-diabetic agent: A comprehensive and mechanistic review on its effects against natural and chemical toxins. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115263. [PMID: 37541178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the anti-diabetic effect of metformin, a growing number of studies have shown that metformin has some exciting properties, such as anti-oxidative capabilities, anticancer, genomic stability, anti-inflammation, and anti-fibrosis, which have potent, that can treat other disorders other than diabetes mellitus. We aimed to describe and review the protective and antidotal efficacy of metformin against biologicals, chemicals, natural, medications, pesticides, and radiation-induced toxicities. A comprehensive search has been performed from Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases from inception to March 8, 2023. All in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies were considered. Many studies suggest that metformin affects diseases other than diabetes. It is a radioprotective and chemoprotective drug that also affects viral and bacterial diseases. It can be used against inflammation-related and apoptosis-related abnormalities and against toxins to lower their effects. Besides lowering blood sugar, metformin can attenuate the effects of toxins on body weight, inflammation, apoptosis, necrosis, caspase-3 activation, cell viability and survival rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NF-κB, TNF-α, many interleukins, lipid profile, and many enzymes activity such as catalase and superoxide dismutase. It also can reduce the histopathological damages induced by many toxins on the kidneys, liver, and colon. However, clinical trials and human studies are needed before using metformin as a therapeutic agent against other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Malaekeh-Nikouei
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Shokri-Naei
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sobhan Karbasforoushan
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Bahari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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Ansari L, Mashayekhi-Sardoo H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Yahyazadeh R, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Askari VR. Curcumin-based nanoformulations alleviate wounds and related disorders: A comprehensive review. Biofactors 2023; 49:736-781. [PMID: 36961254 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous advantages, curcumin's (CUR) low solubility and low bioavailability limit its employment as a free drug. CUR-incorporated nanoformulation enhances the bioavailability and angiogenesis, collagen deposition, fibroblast proliferation, reepithelization, collagen synthesis, neovascularization, and granulation tissue formation in different wounds. Designing nanoformulations with controlled-release properties ensure the presence of CUR in the defective area during treatment. Different nanoformulations encompassing nanofibers, nanoparticles (NPs), nanospray, nanoemulsion, nanosuspension, nanoliposome, nanovesicle, and nanomicelle were described in the present study comprehensively. Moreover, for some other systems which contain nano-CUR or CUR nanoformulations, including some nanofibers, films, composites, scaffolds, gel, and hydrogels seems the CUR-loaded NPs incorporation has better control of the sustained release, and thereby, the presence of CUR until the final stages of wound healing is more possible. Incorporating CUR-loaded chitosan NPs into nanofiber increased the release time, while 80% of CUR was released during 240 h (10 days). Therefore, this system can guarantee the presence of CUR during the entire healing period. Furthermore, porous structures such as sponges, aerogels, some hydrogels, and scaffolds disclosed promising performance. These architectures with interconnected pores can mimic the native extracellular matrix, thereby facilitating attachment and infiltration of cells at the wound site, besides maintaining a free flow of nutrients and oxygen within the three-dimensional structure essential for rapid and proper wound healing, as well as enhancing mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Legha Ansari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Yahyazadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Baradaran Rahimi V, Rahmanian Devin P, Askari VR. Boswellia serrata inhibits LPS-induced cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells: Investigating role of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Toxicon 2023; 229:107132. [PMID: 37086900 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is the main reason for mortality and morbidity. Recent investigations have shown that inflammation and oxidative stress play a central role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac injury pathophysiology. Gum-resin extracts of Boswellia serrata have been traditionally used in folk medicine for centuries to treat various chronic inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of B. serrata pretreatment on LPS-induced cardiac damage in H9c2 cells. The cells were pretreated with various concentrations of B. serrata (5-45 μg/ml) for 24 h and then stimulated with LPS (10 μg/ml) for another 24 h. Afterward, the levels of cell viability, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, prostaglandin (PGE)-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real time-PCR or appropriated biochemical methods. Our results demonstrated that LPS treatment caused a remarkable decrease in cell viability and GSH, and on the contrary, it led to a significant increase in the levels of gene and protein expression of inflammatory markers and NO. However, pretreatment of B. serrata (5, 15, and 45 μg/ml) decreased the levels of TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, and NO production, while cell viability and GSH levels were increased. Taken together, our results demonstrated that B. serrata might be a potential therapeutic agent against LPS and endotoxemia-induced cardiac injury, through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Pouria Rahmanian Devin
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Rakhshandeh H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Dehghan-Naieri B, Rahmanian-Devin P, Jebalbarezy A, Hasanpour M, Iranshahi M, Askari VR. Peritoneal lavage with Glycyrrhiza glabra is effective in preventing peritoneal adhesion in a rat model. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:899-914. [PMID: 36862226 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraperitoneal adhesion formation is a significant problem following surgeries, resulting in substantial clinical and economic consequences. Glycyrrhiza glabra has several pharmacological properties consisting of anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory activities. AIM Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impacts of G. glabra on the development of post-operative abdominal adhesion in a rat model. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into six groups (n = 8): Group 1: normal group (non-surgical), and the surgical groups including Group 2: control group received the vehicle, Group 3: G. glabra 0.5% w/v, Group 4: G. glabra 1% w/v, Group 5: G. glabra 2% w/v, and Group 6: dexamethasone, 0.4% w/v. The intra-abdominal adhesion was performed utilizing soft sterilized sandpaper on one side of the cecum, and the peritoneum was slightly washed with 2 ml of the extract or vehicle. In addition, macroscopic examination of adhesion scoring and the levels of inflammatory mediators [interferon (IFN)-γ, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)], fibrosis markers [interleukin (IL)-4, transforming growth factor (TGF)-ꞵ], and oxidative factors [malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide metabolites (NO), and reduced glutathione (GSH)] were evaluated. In vitro toxicities were also done on mouse fibroblast L929 and NIH/3T3 cell lines. RESULTS We found higher levels of adhesion (P < 0.001), IFN-γ(P < 0.001), PGE2(P < 0.001), IL-4(P < 0.001), TGF-β(P < 0.001), MDA(P < 0.001), and NO(P < 0.001), and lower levels of GSH(P < 0.001) in the control group. In contrast, G. glabra concentration dependent and dexamethasone alleviated the levels of adhesion (P < 0.05), inflammatory mediators (P < 0.001-0.05), fibrosis (P < 0.001-0.05), and oxidative (P < 0.001-0.05) factors, while propagating the anti-oxidant marker (P < 0.001-0.05) in comparison to the control group. Results also showed that the extract did not significantly reduce cell viability up to 300 µg/ml (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION G. glabra could concentration-dependently mitigate peritoneal adhesion formation through its anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidant properties. However, further clinical investigations are required to approve that G. glabra may be a promising candidate against post-surgical adhesive complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahman Dehghan-Naieri
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouria Rahmanian-Devin
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Jebalbarezy
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Webberley TS, Bevan RJ, Kerry-Smith J, Dally J, Michael DR, Thomas S, Rees M, Morgan JE, Marchesi JR, Good MA, Plummer SF, Wang D, Hughes TR. Assessment of Lab4P Probiotic Effects on Cognition in 3xTg-AD Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice and the SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054683. [PMID: 36902113 PMCID: PMC10003662 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and metabolic syndrome are associated with neurodegenerative pathologies including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and there is growing interest in the prophylactic potential of probiotic bacteria in this area. In this study, we assessed the neuroprotective potential of the Lab4P probiotic consortium in both age and metabolically challenged 3xTg-AD mice and in human SH-SY5Y cell culture models of neurodegeneration. In mice, supplementation prevented disease-associated deteriorations in novel object recognition, hippocampal neurone spine density (particularly thin spines) and mRNA expression in hippocampal tissue implying an anti-inflammatory impact of the probiotic, more notably in the metabolically challenged setting. In differentiated human SH-SY5Y neurones challenged with β-Amyloid, probiotic metabolites elicited a neuroprotective capability. Taken together, the results highlight Lab4P as a potential neuroprotective agent and provide compelling support for additional studies in animal models of other neurodegenerative conditions and human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Webberley
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryan J. Bevan
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF10 4HQ, UK
| | - Joshua Kerry-Smith
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Jordanna Dally
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Daryn R. Michael
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Sophie Thomas
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Meg Rees
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - James E. Morgan
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF10 4HQ, UK
| | - Julian R. Marchesi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mark A. Good
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Sue F. Plummer
- Cultech Limited, Unit 2 Christchurch Road, Baglan Industrial Park, Port Talbot SA12 7BZ, UK
| | - Duolao Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
| | - Timothy R. Hughes
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
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Oral Administration Evaluation of the Hydro-Ethanolic Extract of Ginger (Rhizome of Zingiber officinale) against Postoperative-Induced Peritoneal Adhesion: Investigating the Role of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Effects. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:4086631. [PMID: 36865747 PMCID: PMC9974257 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4086631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal adhesions (PAs) occur and develop after abdominal surgery. Abdominal adhesions are common and often develop after abdominal surgery. Currently, there are no effective targeted pharmacotherapies for treating adhesive disease. In this regard, ginger is wildly used in traditional medicine because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and has been investigated for peritoneal adhesion treatment. This study analyzed ginger ethanolic extraction via HPLC to have a 6-gingerol concentration. Four groups induced peritoneal adhesion to evaluate ginger's effects on peritoneal adhesion. Then, ginger extract (50, 150, and 450 mg/kg) was administered by gavage in various groups of male Wistar rats (220 ± 20 g, 6-8 weeks). After scarifying the animals for biological assessment, macroscopic and microscopic parameters were determined via scoring systems and immunoassays in the peritoneal lavage fluid. Next, the adhesion scores and interleukin IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-) α, transforming growth factor-(TGF-) β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were elevated in the control group. The results showed that ginger extract (450 mg/kg) notably decreased inflammatory (IL-6 and TNF-α), fibrosis (TGF-β1), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), angiogenesis (VEGF), and oxidative (MDA) factors, while increased antioxidant factor glutathione (GSH), compared to the control group. These findings suggest that a hydro-alcoholic extract of ginger is a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for inhibiting adhesion formation. Also, it might be considered a beneficial anti-inflammatory or antifibrosis herbal medicine in clinical trials. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of ginger.
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15
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Srivastava V, Zelmanovich V, Shukla V, Abergel R, Cohen I, Ben-Sasson SA, Gross E. Distinct designer diamines promote mitophagy, and thereby enhance healthspan in C. elegans and protect human cells against oxidative damage. Autophagy 2023; 19:474-504. [PMID: 35579620 PMCID: PMC9851263 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2078069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitophagy is a primary pathogenic event underlying diverse aging-associated diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases and sarcopenia. Therefore, augmentation of mitophagy, the process by which defective mitochondria are removed, then replaced by new ones, is an emerging strategy for preventing the evolvement of multiple morbidities in the elderly population. Based on the scaffold of spermidine (Spd), a known mitophagy-promoting agent, we designed and tested a family of structurally related compounds. A prototypic member, 1,8-diaminooctane (VL-004), exceeds Spd in its ability to induce mitophagy and protect against oxidative stress. VL-004 activity is mediated by canonical aging genes and promotes lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans. Moreover, it enhances mitophagy and protects against oxidative injury in rodent and human cells. Initial structural characterization suggests simple rules for the design of compounds with improved bioactivity, opening the way for a new generation of agents with a potential to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijigisha Srivastava
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Veronica Zelmanovich
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Virendra Shukla
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Abergel
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irit Cohen
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shmuel A. Ben-Sasson
- Department Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Einav Gross
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,CONTACT Einav Gross Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem. PO Box 12271, Jerusalem9112102, Israel
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Skóra B, Matuszewska P, Masicz M, Sikora K, Słomczewska M, Sołtysek P, Szychowski KA. Crosstalk between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) as a key factor in the metabolism of silver nanoparticles in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 458:116339. [PMID: 36473513 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The potential usefulness of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in anticancer therapy has been postulated for many years. However, little is known to date about the exact impact of such NPs on intracellular detoxication pathways. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of AgNPs on the AhR-PPARγ-CYP1A1 pathway in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The obtained results showed a decrease in the metabolic activity of the SH-SY5Y cells at the 50 and 100 μg/mL concentrations with an increase in caspase-3 activity. An increase in the intercellular ROS production was observed at the 1 and 10 μg/mL concentrations. The co-treatment of the AgNP-treated cells with the AhR and PPARγ inhibitors abolished the effect of the tested AgNPs in the SH-SY5Y cells. In turn, the CYP1A1 activity assay showed a decrease in this parameter in the AgNP-treated cells. Moreover, the gene expression analysis demonstrated that AgNPs were able to increase the AhR and CYP1A1 mRNA expression and decrease the PPARγ gene expression after the 6-h treatment. In turn, an increase in the AhR and PPARγ protein expression was observed after 24 h. Summarizing, the study shows for the first time that AgNPs with a 5-nm diameter size are able to exert a cytotoxic effect on SH-SH5Y cells in a ROS-dependent manner affect the AhR-PPARγ-CYP1A1 pathway inter alia by inhibiting the activity of CYP1A1. This is important due to given present research approaches using such NPs as enhancer agents in the modern PPARγ inhibitor-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Paulina Matuszewska
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Martyna Masicz
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Karolina Sikora
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Magnolia Słomczewska
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Paulina Sołtysek
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
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Tuo J, Peng Y, Linghu Y, Tao M, Huang S, Xu Z. Natural products regulate mitochondrial function in cognitive dysfunction-A scoping review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1091879. [PMID: 36959855 PMCID: PMC10027783 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1091879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicines from natural products can not only treat neurodegenerative diseases but also improve the cognitive dysfunction caused by treatments with western medicines. This study reviews the literature related to the regulation of mitochondrial participation in cognitive function by natural products. In this study, we focused on English articles in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, from 15 October 2017, to 15 October 2022. Fourteen studies that followed the inclusion criteria were integrated, analyzed, and summarized. Several studies have shown that natural products can improve or reduce cognitive dysfunction by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. These results suggest that natural products may serve as new therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Tuo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yushuang Linghu
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ming Tao
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shiming Huang
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Shiming Huang, ; Zucai Xu,
| | - Zucai Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Shiming Huang, ; Zucai Xu,
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18
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Moradi E, Rakhshandeh H, Rahimi Baradaran V, Ghadiri M, Hasanpour M, Iranshahi M, Askari V. HPLC/MS characterization of Syzygium aromaticum L. and evaluation of its effects on peritoneal adhesion: Investigating the role of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative factors, and fibrosis and angiogenesis biomarkers. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15584. [PMID: 36695659 PMCID: PMC9875745 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The dried flower bud of Syzygium aromaticum L. (S. aromaticum) (Myrtaceae), cloves, have been used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Peritoneal adhesion (PA) is the most common complication of abdominal and pelvic surgeries, which causes significant adverse effects and severe economic burden. The present study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of S. extract (SAE) on PA formation in a rat model. Male Wistar 8-week-old rats were randomly divided into sham, control (received vehicle), and treatment (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% w/v of SAE) groups. The adhesion and related factors were examined using the Nair scoring system and immunological and biochemical kits for the levels of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α], growth factors [transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], oxidative [nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA)], and anti-oxidative [glutathione (GSH)] factors. Our results figured out that the adhesion score and IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF, NO, and MDA levels were significantly increased, but the GSH level was decreased in the control group compared to the sham group (p < 0.001-0.05). On the other hand, the 0.25% SAE group had a lower adhesion score, and IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF, NO, and MDA levels were significantly decreased compared with the vehicle group, and the level of GSH was increased (p < 0.001-0.05). SAE could efficiently reduce adhesion score and regulate inflammatory cytokines, oxidative and anti-oxidative factors, and biomarkers of fibrosis and angiogenesis. Therefore, clove extract can be considered a potential candidate for PA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Moradi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Vafa Rahimi Baradaran
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mobarakeh Ghadiri
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Maedeh Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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19
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Rakhshandeh H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Habibi Z, Sirousi Z, Askari VR. Punica granatum seed oil detracts peritoneal adhesion: Perusing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiangiogenic impacts. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15545. [PMID: 36541264 PMCID: PMC9768730 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal adhesion is a significant problem following gastrointestinal surgeries, accompanied by a significant economic burden and morbidity for patients. Punica granatum seed oil (PSO) possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the antiperitoneal adhesive properties of PSO in rats. Forty-eight Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly and equally divided into six groups: sham group, control group; peritoneal adhesion without any treatment, vehicle group; peritoneal adhesion with saline + Tween-80.5% treatment, and experimental groups; peritoneal adhesion with 0.5%, 1.5%, and 4.5% v/v PSO treatment. In addition, peritoneal adhesion was examined macroscopically along with evaluating the oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA], nitric oxide [NO], and glutathione [GSH]) inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]), fibrotic (transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]), and angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) factors. Our results revealed that the levels of adhesion scores, MDA, NO, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, and VEGF, were propagated in the vehicle group while the GSH level was alleviated (p < 0.001). In contrast, premedication with PSO, especially at the lowest concentration, notably lessened the levels of adhesion scores, MDA, NO, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, and VEGF as well as GSH in comparison to the vehicle group following the peritoneal adhesion induction (p < 0.001-0.05). As a result, PSO may prevent peritoneal adhesion through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiangiogenic properties. Therefore, PSO could be considered a beneficial candidate for the treatment of postoperative peritoneal adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Habibi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Sirousi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- International UNESCO Center for Health‐Related Basic Sciences and Human NutritionMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Deepika, Maurya PK. Ellagic acid: insight into its protective effects in age-associated disorders. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:340. [PMID: 36340805 PMCID: PMC9633905 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The disparity in the free radical generation and the production of antioxidants to counteract its effect is known as oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes damage to the macromolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA and RNA. The oxidative damage to the cellular components leads to a process of aging and various age-associated disorders. The literature survey for this review was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The papers showing the studies related to aging and age-associated disorders have been selected for reviewing this paper. Ellagic acid has been used as the keyword, and more emphasis has been put on papers from the last 10 years. However, some papers with significant studies prior to 10 years have also been considered. Almost 250 papers have been studied for reviewing this paper, and about 135 papers have been cited. Ellagic acid (EA) is present in high quantities in pomegranate and various types of berries. It is known to possess the antioxidant potential and protects from the harmful effects of free radicals. Various studies have shown its effect to protect cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, cancer, and diabetes. The present review focuses on the protective effect of ellagic acid in age-associated disorders. The effect of EA has been studied in various chronic disorders but the scope of this review is limited to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. All the disease aspects have not been addressed in this particular review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031 India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031 India
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Li N, Li Q, He X, Gao X, Wu L, Xiao M, Cai W, Liu B, Zeng F. Antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Laminaria japonica polysaccharide in Caenorhabditis elegans based on metabonomic analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:346-354. [PMID: 36084871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP) was measured in vitro against three antioxidant indicators: DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl. In vivo, LJP investigated thermal tolerance, H2O2-induced oxidative stress tolerance, and lipofuscin in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Following that, after LJP treatment, the effects and underlying mechanisms were investigated at the mRNA and metabolite levels. We discovered the free radical scavenging activity of LJP. The thermal tolerance of C. elegans improved significantly, lowering levels of malondialdehyde, lipofuscin, and reactive oxygen species. Upregulation of Glp-1, Daf-16, Skn-1, and Sod-3 expression and downregulation of Age-1 and Daf-2 expression increased the ability to resist oxidative stress. Metabolomic analysis revealed that LJP promoted alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, the TCA cycle, butanoate metabolism, and the FOXO signaling pathway expression, resulting in significant changes in (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid, palmitic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-malic acid, and oleic acid. The present study shows that LJP, as a functional food, has the potential to boost antioxidant capacity and delay aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Quancen Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Linxiu Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Meifang Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Immunomodulatory Properties of Pomegranate Peel Extract in a Model of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Culture. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061140. [PMID: 35745713 PMCID: PMC9228601 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its effect on the adaptive immune system has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, the treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with PoPEx (range 6.25–400 µg/mL) resulted in cytotoxicity at concentrations of 100 µg/mL and higher, due to the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress, whereas autophagy was reduced. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, the opposite effect on these processes was observed simultaneously with the inhibition of PHA-induced PBMC proliferation and a significant decrease in the expression of CD4. PoPEx differently modulated the expression of activation markers (CD69, CD25, ICOS) and PD1 (inhibitory marker), depending on the dose and T-cell subsets. PoPEx (starting from 12.5 µg/mL) suppressed the production of Th1 (IFN-γ), Th17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22), Th9 (IL-9), and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in culture supernatants. Lower concentrations upregulated Th2 (IL-5 and IL-13) and Treg (IL-10) responses as well as CD4+CD25hiFoxp3+ cell frequency. Higher concentrations of PoPEx increased the frequency of IL-10- and TGF-β-producing T-cells (much higher in the CD4+ subset). In conclusion, our study suggested for the first time complex immunoregulatory effects of PoPEx on T cells, which could assist in the suppression of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Li X, Li X, Deng L. Chrysin reduces inflammation and oxidative stress and improves ovarian function in D-gal-induced premature ovarian failure. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8291-8301. [PMID: 35311454 PMCID: PMC9161991 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2005991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF), a frequently occurring pathology. Chrysin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and other pharmacological activities. This study was designed to detect the effect of Chrysin on POF. The establishment of POF was depended on the subcutaneous injection of D-gal (200 mg/kg/d). With the adoption of ELISA, the levels of hormones and release of inflammatory cytokines were assayed. The expression of MDA, GSH-px, SOD and ROS was evaluated with corresponding kits. In addition, the pathological changes of ovary and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in D-gal-induced mice were detected using H&E staining and TUNEL, respectively. Moreover, the levels of FSH receptor and apoptosis-related proteins were measured with western blot. Finally, ERβ expression was measured with RT-qPCR and western blot. In this study, we found that chrysin regulated the expression of hormones and weight of D-gal-induced mice. It was also found that chrysin inhibited the inflammation and oxidative stress in mice with D-gal induction. In addition, the number and advancement of follicle in D-gal-induced mice treated with chrysin revealed that chrysin could improve the ovarian function of mice with POF. Furthermore, chrysin exhibited inhibitory effects on the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in D-gal-induced mice. More importantly, chrysin molecule targeted ERβ and activated ERβ expression in POF. Overall, Chrysin reduces inflammation and oxidative stress and improves ovarian function in D-gal-induced premature ovarian failure, suggesting that chrysin is valuable for the treatment of POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinning Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuelan Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
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Arif MU, Khan MKI, Riaz S, Nazir A, Maan AA, Amin U, Saeed F, Afzaal M. Role of fruits in aging and age-related disorders. Exp Gerontol 2022; 162:111763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Intraperitoneal Lavage with Crocus sativus Prevents Postoperative-Induced Peritoneal Adhesion in a Rat Model: Evidence from Animal and Cellular Studies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5945101. [PMID: 34956439 PMCID: PMC8702342 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5945101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative peritoneal adhesions are considered the major complication following abdominal surgeries. The primary clinical complications of peritoneal adhesion are intestinal obstruction, infertility, pelvic pain, and postoperative mortality. In this study, regarding the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Crocus sativus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Crocus sativus on the prevention of postsurgical-induced peritoneal adhesion. Male Wistar-Albino rats were used to investigate the preventive effects of C. sativus extract (0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125% w/v) against postsurgical-induced peritoneal adhesion compared to pirfenidone (PFD, 7.5% w/v). We also investigated the protective effects of PFD (100 μg/ml) and C. sativus extract (100, 200, and 400 μg/ml) in TGF-β1-induced fibrotic macrophage polarization. The levels of cell proliferation and oxidative, antioxidative, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory, fibrosis, and angiogenesis biomarkers were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro models. C. sativus extract ameliorates postoperational-induced peritoneal adhesion development by attenuating oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA)]; inflammatory mediators [interleukin- (IL-) 6, tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)]; fibrosis [transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β1, IL-4, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)]; and angiogenesis [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] markers, while propagating antioxidant [glutathione (GSH)], anti-inflammatory (IL-10), and fibrinolytic [tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)] markers and tPA/PAI ratio. In a cellular model, we revealed that the extract, without any toxicity, regulated the levels of cell proliferation and inflammatory (TNF-α), angiogenesis (VEGF), anti-inflammatory (IL-10), M1 [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)] and M2 [arginase-1 (Arg 1)] biomarkers, and iNOS/Arg-1 ratio towards antifibrotic M1 phenotype of macrophage, in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, the current study indicated that C. sativus reduces peritoneal adhesion formation by modulating the macrophage polarization from M2 towards M1 cells.
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Xue F, Li X, Qin L, Liu X, Li C, Adhikari B. Anti-aging properties of phytoconstituents and phyto-nanoemulsions and their application in managing aging-related diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113886. [PMID: 34314783 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is spontaneous and inevitable process in all living beings. It is a complex natural phenomenon that manifests as a gradual decline of physiological functions and homeostasis. Aging inevitably leads to age-associated injuries, diseases, and eventually death. The research on aging-associated diseases aimed at delaying, preventing or even reversing the aging process are of great significance for healthy aging and also for scientific progress. Numerous plant-derived compounds have anti-aging effects, but their therapeutic potential is limited due to their short shelf-life and low bioavailability. As the novel delivery system, nanoemulsion can effectively improve this defect. Nanoemulsions enhance the delivery of drugs to the target site, maintain the plasma concentration for a longer period, and minimize adverse reaction and side effects. This review describes the importance of nanoemulsions for the delivery of phyto-derived compounds and highlights the importance of nanoemulsions in the treatment of aging-related diseases. It also covers the methods of preparation, fate and safety of nanoemulsions, which will provide valuable information for the development of new strategies in treatment of aging-related diseases.
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Gholoobi A, Askari VR, Naghedinia H, Ahmadi M, Vakili V, Baradaran Rahimi V. Colchicine effectively attenuates inflammatory biomarker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1379-1387. [PMID: 34420187 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation (NSTEMI) is considered an inflammatory disorder associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an important inflammatory marker for NSTEMI and related to cardiovascular events. Colchicine, as a potent anti-inflammatory drug, is frequently prescribed for the treatment of gout and pericarditis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of colchicine, as an anti-inflammatory drug, on hs-CRP levels in NSTEMI patients. We performed a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 150 NSTEMI patients referred to Imam Reza and Ghaem Hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The patients were randomised to receive colchicine or placebo along with optimal medications for 30 days. The hs-CRP was measured at the admission and end of the study. Our results revealed that, in both colchicine and placebo groups, hs-CRP levels were significantly mitigated in NSTEMI patients compared to baseline (P < 0.001). However, the decreasing properties of colchicine on hs-CRP levels were remarkably stronger than placebo following the 30 days of treatment (P < 0.001). Nevertheless, neither colchicine nor placebo treatment could achieve hs-CRP levels lower than 2 mg/L. There were no significant differences between the effects of colchicine on the hs-CRP decrease in diabetic and non-diabetic, male and female, and normal and preserved LVEF NSTEMI patients. It can be concluded that colchicine may prevent the disease progression and succedent cardiovascular events in NSTEMI patients by attenuating the inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Gholoobi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Naghedinia
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vida Vakili
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Portulaca oleracea on Surgical-Induced Peritoneal Adhesion. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:8437753. [PMID: 34381307 PMCID: PMC8352699 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8437753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Peritoneal adhesion (PA) is an abnormal connective tissue that usually occurs between tissues adjacent to damaged organs during processes such as surgery. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Portulaca oleracea (PO) were investigated against postoperative-induced peritoneal adhesion. Methods Thirty healthy male Wistar rats (220 ± 20 g, 6-8 weeks) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) normal, (2) control (induced peritoneal adhesion), and (3) and (4) PO extracts (induced peritoneal adhesion and received 100 or 300 mg/kg/day of PO extract for seven days). Finally, macroscopic and microscopic examinations were performed using different scoring systems and immunoassays in the peritoneal lavage fluid. Results We found that the levels of adhesion scores and interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β 1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased in the control group. However, PO extract (100 and 300 mg/kg) notably reduced inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), fibrosis (TGF-β 1), angiogenesis (VEGF), and oxidative (MDA) factors, while increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, antioxidant factor glutathione (GSH), compared to the control group. Conclusion Oral administration of PO improved postoperational-induced PA by alleviating the oxidative factors, fibrosis, inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis biomarkers, and stimulating antioxidative factors. Hence, PO can be considered a potential herbal medicine to manage postoperative PA. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of PO.
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Gupta A, Singh AK, Kumar R, Jamieson S, Pandey AK, Bishayee A. Neuroprotective Potential of Ellagic Acid: A Critical Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1211-1238. [PMID: 33693510 PMCID: PMC8321875 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a dietary polyphenol present in various fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts. It exists either independently or as part of complex structures, such as ellagitannins, which release EA and several other metabolites including urolithins following absorption. During the past few decades, EA has drawn considerable attention because of its vast range of biological activities as well as its numerous molecular targets. Several studies have reported that the oxidative stress-lowering potential of EA accounts for its broad-spectrum pharmacological attributes. At the biochemical level, several mechanisms have also been associated with its therapeutic action, including its efficacy in normalizing lipid metabolism and lipidemic profile, regulating proinflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inhibiting NF-κB action. EA exerts appreciable neuroprotective activity by its free radical-scavenging action, iron chelation, initiation of several cell signaling pathways, and alleviation of mitochondrial dysfunction. Numerous in vivo studies have also explored the neuroprotective attribute of EA against various neurotoxins in animal models. Despite the increasing number of publications with experimental evidence, a critical analysis of available literature to understand the full neuroprotective potential of EA has not been performed. The present review provides up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical information regarding the natural sources of EA, its bioavailability, metabolism, neuroprotective activities, and underlying mechanisms of action in order to encourage further studies to define the clinical usefulness of EA for the management of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarah Jamieson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| | - Abhay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
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Yu H, Jeong H, Yang KY, Cho JY, Hong IK, Nam SH. Synthesis of ellagic acid glucoside using glucansucrase from Leuconostoc and characterization of this glucoside as a functional neuroprotective agent. AMB Express 2021; 11:108. [PMID: 34287737 PMCID: PMC8295447 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid glucoside was synthesized via transglucosylation using sucrose and glucansucrase derived from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512 FMCM. After such enzymatic synthesis, the product was purified by 50% ethyl acetate fraction and C18 column chromatography. Modification of ellagic acid glucoside was verified by LC–MS/MS at m/z 485.1 (M + Na)− and m/z 531.1 (M + 3Na)−. The yield of ellagic acid glucoside was 69% (3.47 mM) by response surface methodology using 150 mM sucrose, 300 mU/mL glucansucrase, and 5 mM ellagic acid. The synthesized ellagic acid glucoside showed improved water solubility, up to 58% higher brain nerve cell (SH-SY5Y) protective effect, threefold higher cortisol reducing effect, and fourfold stronger inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) than ellagic acid. These results indicate that ellagic acid glucoside could be used as a neuroprotective agent.
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo Y, Xu L, Wang H. Phlorizin exerts potent effects against aging induced by D-galactose in mice and PC12 cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:2148-2160. [PMID: 33565551 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02707c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phlorizin is the main active ingredient of apple peel and has potential utilization value. Some recent studies have suggested that phlorizin may have antioxidant capacity and protect the liver. The injection of a low dose of d-galactose can cause some changes that resemble accelerated aging in mice. This study explored the protective effects of phlorizin on d-galactose-induced mice and PC12 cells. In this study, ICR mice were divided into a normal group (NOR), a d-galactose model group (d-gal) and phlorizin treatment groups (100 mg kg-1, 200 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1). In addition to the NOR group, four other groups were injected with d-galactose (120 mg kg-1) for 12 weeks. The results showed that phlorizin reduced the decline of strength, coordination and spatial memory caused by aging, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). On the other hand, phlorizin increased the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and acetylcholine (ACh), reduced the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and decreased the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain, improved the expression of antioxidant genes related to the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, and reduced the occurrence of morphological lesions in the hippocampus and liver. In addition, phlorizin improved cell viability and reduced the cytotoxicity of d-galactose-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, the protective effect of phlorizin was abolished in Nrf2 gene knockdown PC12 cells. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that phlorizin could bind Keap1 protein, which can interact with Nrf2 protein. Therefore, these results suggest that phlorizin may delay senescence and enhance antioxidant capacity through the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yatu Guo
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Pathology Department, Tianjin Municipal Public Security Hospital, Tianjin 300042, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Ghadiri M, Baradaran Rahimi V, Moradi E, Hasanpour M, Clark CCT, Iranshahi M, Rakhshandeh H, Askari VR. Standardised pomegranate peel extract lavage prevents postoperative peritoneal adhesion by regulating TGF-β and VEGF levels. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:855-868. [PMID: 33993390 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal adhesion represents a severe complication following surgery. Punica granatum (pomegranate) possesses several anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Pomegranate peel extract (PPEx) can alleviate the production of various inflammatory factors and cytokines. Thus, we sought to evaluate the anti-adhesion effects of pomegranate in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats (6-week-old, 220 ± 20 g) were divided into five groups (n = 6): normal group without any surgical procedures, control group, and experimental groups receiving 2 ml of 1%, 2%, and 4% w/v PPEx, respectively. Peritoneal adhesions were examined macroscopically. Furthermore, we evaluated inflammatory cytokines levels [interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], growth factors [transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)], and oxidative stress parameters [nitric oxide metabolites (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH)] using biochemical methods. Our results showed that the adhesion score and IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF, NO, and MDA levels were increased in the control group. In contrast, the GSH level was diminished in the control group compared with the normal group (P < 0.001). PPEx (1 and 2% w/v) markedly reduced all measured parameters compared with the control group (P < 0.001-0.05). PPEx may reduce peritoneal adhesion by alleviating adhesion formation, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF, NO, and MDA, and stimulating anti-oxidative factors. Therefore, PPEx may be considered an appropriate candidate for the treatment of postoperative peritoneal adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobarakeh Ghadiri
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq., Vakil Abad Highway, 9177948564, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Moradi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq., Vakil Abad Highway, 9177948564, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq., Vakil Abad Highway, 9177948564, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi Sq., Vakil Abad Highway, 9177948564, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kanojia U, Chaturbhuj SG, Sankhe R, Das M, Surubhotla R, Krishnadas N, Gourishetti K, Nayak PG, Kishore A. Beta-Caryophyllene, a CB2R Selective Agonist, Protects Against Cognitive Impairment Caused by Neuro-inflammation and Not in Dementia Due to Ageing Induced by Mitochondrial Dysfunction. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2021; 20:963-974. [PMID: 33530917 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210202121103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder majorly evidenced by cognitive impairment. Although there are many types of dementia, the common underlying etiological factors in all the types are neuro-inflammation or aging induced apoptosis. β-caryophyllene, a cannabinoid type-2 receptor agonist, has been reported to have promising neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia and neuro-inflammation. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we evaluated the effects of β-caryophyllene against animal models of dementia whose etiology mimicked neuro-inflammation and aging. METHODS Two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg of body weight) of β-caryophyllene given orally were tested against AlCl3-induced dementia in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using the Morris water maze test. Subsequently, the effect of the drug was assessed for episodic memory in female SD rats using novel object recognition task in doxorubicin-induced neuro-inflammation and chemobrain model. Moreover, its effects were evaluated in D-galactose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction leading to dementia. RESULTS β-caryophyllene, at both doses, showed significant improvement in memory when assessed using parameters like target quadrant entries, escape latency and path efficiency in the Morris water maze test for spatial memory. In the doxorubicin-induced chemobrain model, β-caryophyllene at 100 mg/kg significantly elevated acetylcholinesterase and catalase levels and lowered lipid peroxidation compared to the disease control. In the novel object recognition task, β-caryophyllene at 100 mg/kg significantly improved recognition index and discrimination index in the treated animals compared to the disease control, with a significant increase in catalase and a decrease in lipid peroxidation in both hippocampus and frontal cortex. However, in the D-galactose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction model, β-caryophyllene failed to show positive effects when spatial memory was assessed. It also failed to improve D-galactose-induced diminished mitochondrial complex I and II activities. CONCLUSION Hence, we conclude that β-caryophyllene at 100 mg/kg protects against dementia induced by neuro-inflammation with no effect on neuronal aging induced by mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urja Kanojia
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shrikant Gyaneshwar Chaturbhuj
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Maushami Das
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviteja Surubhotla
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nandakumar Krishnadas
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Karthik Gourishetti
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pawan Ganesh Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anoop Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
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Garcez ML, Cassoma RCS, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, da Luz AP, Schiavo GL, Medeiros EB, Campos ACBF, da Silva S, Rempel LCT, Steckert AV, Barichello T, Budni J. Folic acid prevents habituation memory impairment and oxidative stress in an aging model induced by D-galactose. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:213-224. [PMID: 33219893 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of folic acid treatment in an animal model of aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal). For this propose, adult male Wistar rats received D-gal intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg) and/or folic acid orally (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. D-gal caused habituation memory impairment, and folic acid (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) reversed this effect. However, folic acid 50 mg/kg per se caused habituation memory impairment. D-gal increased the lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus from rats. Folic acid (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 50 mg/kg) partially reversed the oxidative damage to lipids in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex, and reversed protein oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. D-gal induced synaptophysin and BCL-2 decrease in the hippocampus and phosphorylated tau increase in the prefrontal cortex. Folic acid was able to reverse these D-gal-related alterations in the protein content. The present study shows folic acid supplementation as an alternative during the aging to prevent cognitive impairment and brain alterations that can cause neurodegenerative diseases. However, additional studies are necessary to elucidate the effect of folic acid in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lima Garcez
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Chiengo Sapalo Cassoma
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Luz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis Schiavo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Brunatto Falchetti Campos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Lisienny Campoli Tono Rempel
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Valnier Steckert
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
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Pan Z, He X, Zhou X, Li X, Rong B, Wang F. Combination of ellagic acid and trans-cinnamaldehyde alleviates aging-induced cognitive impairment via modulation of mitochondrial function and inflammatory and apoptotic mediators in the prefrontal cortex of aged rats. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2020; 63:218-226. [PMID: 33109788 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_55_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are associated with advancing age. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and ellagic acid (ELA) have multiplex activities to reduce various age-related cognitive disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of these compounds separately or in combination on the cognitive outcomes, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory and apoptotic mediators in aged male Wistar rats. Thirty-two old (22 months old) and eight young (5 months old) rats were randomly allocated to five groups of young control, aged control, ELA-aged, CIN-aged, and ELA + CIN-aged. ELA (15 mg/kg, orally) and CIN (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) separately or in combination were administered for 1 month in aged animals. Spatial memory and cognitive activity were evaluated by the Barnes maze and novel object recognition tests. Mitochondrial function (its reactive oxygen species [ROS], mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP level), pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and pro-apoptotic caspase 3 and Bax, and anti-apoptotic Bcl2 levels and their ratio were assessed in the prefrontal cortex. Behavioral results revealed that CIN separately or in combination with ELA significantly alleviates aging-induced memory impairment. Moreover, co-administration of agents effectively decreased inflammatory cytokines, cleaved-caspase 3, Bax and Bax/Bcl2 levels, mitochondrial ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased Bcl2 and ATP level as compared with untreated aged control rats. Combination therapy was greater than those of individual treatments in all parameters. Therefore, combination therapy with CIN and ELA improved aging-induced cognitive impairment through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and mitochondrial-boosting effects in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengjun Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xining He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xianwen Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Rong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fenglu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Liu S, Cheng X, Li X, Kong Y, Jiang S, Dong C, Wang G. Design, microwave synthesis, and molecular docking studies of catalpol crotonates as potential neuroprotective agent of diabetic encephalopathy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20415. [PMID: 33230173 PMCID: PMC7684281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalpol has gained increasing attention for its potential contributions in controlling glycolipid metabolism and diabetic complications, which makes used as a very promising scaffold for seeking new anti-diabetic drug candidates. Acylation derivatives of catalpol crotonate (CCs) were designed as drug ligands of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) based on molecular docking (MD) using Surfex-Docking method. Catalpol hexacrotonate (CC-6) was synthesized using microwave assisted method and characterized by FT-IR, NMR, HPLC and HRMS. The MD results indicate that with the increasing of esterification degree of hydroxyl, the C log P of CCs increased significantly, and the calculated total scores (Total_score) of CCs are all higher than that of catalpol. It shows that CCs maybe served as potential lead compounds for neuroprotective agents. It was found that the maximum Total_score of isomers in one group CCs is often not that the molecule with minimum energy. MD calculations show that there are five hydrogen bonds formed between CC-6 and the surrounding amino acid residues. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the binding of CC-6 with GSH-Px is stable. CC-6 was screened for SH-SY5Y cells viability by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, the result indicates CC-6 can effectively reverse SZT induced cells apoptosis with dose-dependent manner, which can indirectly show that CC-6 is a potential neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Liu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - XiaoFei Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yuanfang Kong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Shiqing Jiang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Chunhong Dong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
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Lee J, Kim YS, Kim E, Kim Y, Kim Y. Curcumin and hesperetin attenuate D-galactose-induced brain senescence in vitro and in vivo. Nutr Res Pract 2020; 14:438-452. [PMID: 33029285 PMCID: PMC7520561 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.5.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Brain senescence causes cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. It has also been demonstrated that curcumin (Cur) and hesperetin (Hes), both antioxidant polyphenolic compounds, mediate anti-aging and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether Cur, Hes, and/or their combination exert anti-aging effects in D-galactose (Dg)-induced aged neuronal cells and rats. MATERIALS/METHODS SH-SY5Y cells differentiated in response to retinoic acid were treated with Cur (1 μM), Hes (1 μM), or a combination of both, followed by 300 mM Dg. Neuronal loss was subsequently evaluated by measuring average neurite length and analyzing expression of β-tubulin III, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and neurofilament heavy polypeptide. Cellular senescence and related proteins, p16 and p21, were also investigated, including their regulation of antioxidant enzymes. In vivo, brain aging was induced by injecting 250 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) Dg. The effects of supplementing this model with 50 mg/kg b.w. Cur, 50 mg/kg b.w. Hes, or a combination of both for 3 months were subsequently evaluated. Brain aging was examined with a step-through passive avoidance test and apoptosis markers were analyzed in brain cortex tissues. RESULTS Cur, Hes, and their combination improved neuron length and cellular senescence by decreasing the number of β-gal stained cells, down-regulated expression of p16 and p21, and up-regulated expression of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase 1, and catalase. Administration of Cur, Hes, or their combination also tended to ameliorate cognitive impairment and suppress apoptosis in the cerebral cortex by down-regulating Bax and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase expression and increasing Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Cur and Hes appear to attenuate Dg-induced brain aging via regulation of antioxidant enzymes and apoptosis. These results suggest that Cur and Hes may mediate neuroprotective effects in the aging process, and further study of these antioxidant polyphenolic compounds is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yoo Sun Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eunju Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yerin Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Aslan A, Gok O, Beyaz S, Arslan E, Erman O, Ağca CA. The preventive effect of ellagic acid on brain damage in rats via regulating of Nrf-2, NF-kB and apoptotic pathway. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13217. [PMID: 32250487 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective role of ellagic acid (EA) on CCl4 -induced brain injury in rats. In this study, the rats were divided into four groups. Groups: (1) Control group; (2) EA group; (3) CCl4 group; (4) EA + CCl4 group. In brain tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa b (NF-kB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf-2), cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase-3), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) protein expression levels were analyzed by western blotting. MDA (malondialdehyde), catalase enzyme activity (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) analysis were determined by spectrophotometer. In our findings, EA ameliorated Nrf-2 and caspase-3 protein expression levels, GSH and catalase activities, NF-kB, TNF-α, VEGF, Bcl-2, COX-2 protein expression levels and MDA levels in CCl4 intoxicated rats. These results suggest that EA demonstrated the neuroprotective effect on CCl4 -induced brain damage in rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ellagic acid has different biological activities, these are; antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antifibrosis, anticancer, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective. For example it was reported that EA protects the cells against DNA injury induced by free radicals and it can prevent the traumatic brain injury. These results obtained from this study reveals that EA has a protective effect against rat brain damage and it may be used as an alternative drugs for the brain injury treatment in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Aslan
- Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Seda Beyaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Emre Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Orhan Erman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Can Ali Ağca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Bingol, Bingol, Turkey
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Baradaran Rahimi V, Ghadiri M, Ramezani M, Askari VR. Antiinflammatory and anti‐cancer activities of pomegranate and its constituent, ellagic acid: Evidence from cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Phytother Res 2020; 34:685-720. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mobarakeh Ghadiri
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mobina Ramezani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal PlantsMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Kharat P, Sarkar P, Mouliganesh S, Tiwary V, Priya VBR, Sree NY, Annapoorna HV, Saikia DK, Mahanta K, Thirumurugan K. Ellagic acid prolongs the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster. GeroScience 2019; 42:271-285. [PMID: 31786733 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-type Canton-S flies of Drosophila melanogaster were treated with ellagic acid at 100 μM and 200 μM concentrations. Longevity assay showed male flies fed with 200 μM ellagic acid displayed longer mean lifespan and maximum lifespan than control flies. Female flies fed with 200 μM ellagic acid laid less number of eggs than control. The eclosion time was less in female flies fed with 200 μM ellagic acid. Ellagic acid fed female flies performed better than male flies and control flies for heat shock tolerance and starvation stress. Male flies treated with 100 μM ellagic acid recovered faster from cold shock compared with control flies. Male and female flies treated with ellagic acid displayed increased survival following exposure to 5% hydrogen peroxide. Gene expression studies displayed upregulated expressions of CAT, dFOXO, ATG1, and SOD2 in ellagic acid-treated male flies, and upregulated expressions of dFOXO, CAT, and SOD2 in ellagic acid-treated female flies. Results from these studies show the pro-longevity effect of ellagic acid on Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kharat
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Priyanka Sarkar
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - S Mouliganesh
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Vaibhav Tiwary
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - V B Ramya Priya
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - N Yamini Sree
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - H Vinu Annapoorna
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Diganta K Saikia
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Kaustav Mahanta
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Kavitha Thirumurugan
- 206, Structural Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India.
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Dong C, Liu S, Cheng X, Wang Q, Jiang S, Wang G. Design, synthesis, and preliminary biological evaluation of catalpol propionates as antiaging drugs. BMC Chem 2019; 13:109. [PMID: 31453572 PMCID: PMC6702743 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, catalpol propionylated analogs (CPs) were designed as drug ligands of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) based on molecular docking (MD) using Surflex-Docking method. The calculated total scores (Total_score) and C log P of CPs are higher than that of catalpol, which show that the CPs maybe served as potential lead compounds as new antiaging drugs. Furthermore, the maximum Total_score of isomers in one group CPs is often not that the molecule with minimum energy structure. These show that the CPs docking with GSH-Px maybe not only affected by the molecular energy, but also affected by their conformations. The CPs were synthesized by esterification of catalpol with propionic anhydride using pyridine as solvent and acid banding agent, DMAP as catalyst, reaction at specific temperature. The synthesized perpropionylated catalpol analog (CP-6) was determined by NMR, FT-IR, HRMS, and HPLC, and the synthesis process was optimized by means of orthogonal experimental design. Subsequently, CP-6 was screened for cells viability by MTT assay, the results show that the CP-6 can effectively reversed STZ-induced reduction of cells viability, and CP-6 has potential antiaging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Dong
- 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan China
| | - Shuanglin Liu
- 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Qiang Wang
- 3High & New Technology Research Center of Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Shiqing Jiang
- 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
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Ellagic acid dose and time-dependently abrogates d-galactose-induced animal model of aging: Investigating the role of PPAR-γ. Life Sci 2019; 232:116595. [PMID: 31238053 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The world's population is becoming aged and the proportion of older persons is growing in almost every country in the world. Ellagic acid (EA) shows abundant pharmacological properties. Therefore, we aimed to determine the mechanism of anti-aging effects of low and high doses of EA. MAIN METHODS Aging model was induced by d-galactose (DG), and the anti-aging effect of EA alone or in the presence of PPAR-γ antagonist GW9662, and in combination with metformin were evaluated. The activities of ALT, AST, and AChE, the levels of FBS, HbA1c, testosterone and DHEA-SO4, MDA, GSH, TNF-α, IL-6, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and BDNF were measured in serum, liver or brain. KEY FINDINGS DG led to increasing in the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, AChE, AGEs, ALT, AST, FBS, and HbA1c, in which decrease in the levels of body weight, GSH, BDNF, DHEA-SO4 and testosterone. Metformin (300 mg/kg) abrogated the effects of DG-induced aging model. We also found that the low dose of EA (30 mg/kg) decreases the deteriorative effects of DG-induced aging at 10 weeks of treatment only, however, high dose of EA (100 mg/kg) was effective at both 6 and 10 weeks of treatment. The addition of GW9662 completely reversed the effects of the low dose of EA, but not for the high dose, on DG-induced aging model. SIGNIFICANCE We revealed that daily and oral administration of EA provides anti-aging effects at low dose in a PPAR-γ receptor-dependent fashion, but not at the high dose.
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Askari VR, Baradaran Rahimi V, Assaran A, Iranshahi M, Boskabady MH. Evaluation of the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of Ferula szowitsiana root on PHA-induced inflammation in human lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 43:353-360. [PMID: 30764672 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1572182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is defined as a defensive response of the body against either the endogenous or exogenous triggers, while this process becomes chronic leading to various disorders such as asthma, cancers, and multiple sclerosis. Recently, pharmacological properties of different constituents of F. szowitsiana have been reported. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of F. szowitsiana root on human isolated lymphocytes. The effects of either F. szowitsiana (10, 40 and 160 μg/ml) or dexamethasone (0.1 mM) were evaluated on the levels of cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and total glutathione content (GSH) as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] in the presence or absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation (n = 8 for each group). PHA stimulation notably elevated ROS, NO, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α levels as well as diminished GSH, CAT and SOD levels. In PHA-stimulated, the results also revealed that F. szowitsiana (10-160 µg/ml) significantly decreased MDA, ROS, NO, IL-6 and TNF-α levels as well as increased CAT, SOD and GSH levels. Collectively, F. szowitsiana is able to attenuate the overproduction of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the presence of PHA-stimulated T lymphocytes, while to propagate the anti-oxidative defense. Contextually, the plant has promising healing effects in the different inflammatory disorders associated with the interference of the acquired immune system such as multiple sclerosis and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Assaran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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