1
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Zhang Y, Luo C, Huang P, Cheng Y, Ma Y, Gao J, Ding H. Diosmetin Ameliorates HFD-induced Cognitive Impairments via Inhibiting Metabolic Disorders, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Male SD Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:8069-8085. [PMID: 38460078 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Currently, accumulating evidence has indicated that overnutrition-associated obesity may result in not only metabolic dysregulations, but also cognitive impairments. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Diosmetin, a bioflavonoid compound with multiple biological functions, on cognitive deficits induced by a high fat diet (HFD) and the potential mechanisms. In the present study, oral administration of Diosmetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 12 weeks significantly reduced the body weight, restored glucose tolerance and normalized lipid profiles in the serum and liver in HFD-induced obese rats. Diosmetin also significantly ameliorated depression-like behaviors and impaired spatial memory in multiple behavioral tests, including the open field test, elevated plus-maze and Morris water maze, which was in accordance with the decreased pathological changes and neuronal damage in different regions of hippocampus as suggested by H&E and Nissl staining. Notably, our results also indicated that Diosmetin could significantly improve mitochondrial dysfunction induced by HFD through upregulating genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, increasing mitochondrial ATP levels and inhibiting oxidative stress. Moreover, the levels of key enzymes involved in the TCA cycle were also significantly increased upon Diosmetin treatment. Meanwhile, Diosmetin inhibited HFD-induced microglial overactivation and down-regulated inflammatory cytokines both in the serum and hippocampus. In conclusion, these results indicated that Diosmetin might be a novel nutritional intervention to prevent the occurrence and development of obesity-associated cognitive dysfunction via metabolic regulation and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyun Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Puxin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefang Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Wuhan University, 430000, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Yang L, Wu L, Li Y, Yang Y, Gu Y, Yang J, Zhang L, Meng F. Comprehensive Secondary Metabolite Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Fruits. Metabolites 2024; 14:511. [PMID: 39330518 PMCID: PMC11434403 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neolamarckia cadamba (Rubiaceae) is a well-recognized medicinal plant with recorded therapeutical attributes. However, a thorough assessment of active compounds in its fruits is lacking, limiting their use and valorization in pharmacological industries. METHODS Thus, this study investigated variations in the fruits' secondary metabolite (SM) profiles, as well as antioxidant activities in aqueous (WA) and ethanol (ET) extracts. RESULTS Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry identified 541 SMs, of which 14 and 1 (di-O-glucosylquinic acid) were specifically detected in ET and WA, respectively. Phenolic acids (36.97%), flavonoids (28.10%), terpenoids (12.20%), and alkaloids (9.98%) were the dominant SMs. The SM profiles of the fruits in WA and ET were quite different. We revealed 198 differentially extracted (DE) metabolites between WA and ET, including 62 flavonoids, 57 phenolic acids, 45 terpenoids, 14 alkaloids, etc. Most DE flavones (36 out of 40), terpenoids (45 out of 45), and alkaloids (12 out of 14) had higher content in ET. Catechin and its derivatives, procyanidins, and tannins had higher content in WA. ABTS and DPPH assays showed that the antioxidant activity of ET was significantly higher than that of WA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings will facilitate the efficient extraction and evaluation of specific active compounds in N. cadamba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519040, China (L.W.)
| | - Liyan Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519040, China (L.W.)
| | - Yongxin Li
- College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuting Gu
- College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jialin Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519040, China (L.W.)
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Luzy Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519040, China (L.W.)
| | - Fanxin Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519040, China (L.W.)
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3
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Kamran S, Sinniah A, Chik Z, Nelli G, Alshawsh MA. Synergistic anti-tumorigenic effect of diosmetin in combination with 5-fluorouracil on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 735:150677. [PMID: 39265366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is frequently used to treat colorectal cancer (CRC), but its clinical application is limited by its toxicity. Natural compounds have been combined with chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce chemotherapy-related toxicity. Diosmetin, a natural flavonoid, has demonstrated anticancer effects against CRC. This study investigated diosmetin's potential in combination with 5-FU using a murine model of HCT-116 colon cancer xenografts in nu/nu nude mice. HCT-116 cells were injected into the right flanks of mice, and once tumors reached a size of 50 mm3, the mice were treated with diosmetin (100 mg/kg), 5-FU (30 mg/kg), or a combination of both at two dose levels (100 + 30 mg/kg and 50 + 15 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Blood and tumors were collected on the final day for further analysis. Mice treated with the higher combination dose exhibited the smallest tumor volume (330.91 ± 88.49 mm3). Biochemistry and histology analysis showed no toxicity or abnormalities in the liver, kidney, and heart with the combination therapy. Immunohistochemistry results revealed a notable reduction in the proliferation marker (Ki67) and inflammation marker (TLR4) in tumors from high-dose combination-treated mice. Moreover, immunofluorescence data indicated increased levels of apoptotic markers (Bax, Caspase-3, p53, p21) and downregulation of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) in the high-dose combination group. The findings suggest that 100 mg/kg of diosmetin combined with 30 mg/kg 5-FU significantly reduced tumor volume and had a less toxic effect on the heart compared to 5-FU monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Kamran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Ajantha Sinniah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Zamri Chik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Universiti Malaya Bioequivalence testing Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Giribabu Nelli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia.
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4
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Raza W, Meena A, Luqman S. Diosmetin: A dietary flavone as modulator of signaling pathways in cancer progression. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1627-1642. [PMID: 38888206 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids, constituting the most extensive category of polyphenols, founds in a variety of plants and comprise over 9000 compounds. Diosmetin, O-methylated flavone (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone) of flavonoid aglycone diosmin have witnessed a significant surge in recent years. Many studies showed that flavonoids induced cytotoxicity in different organ specific cancer types. Thus, current review evaluates the anticancer potential of diosmetin and shed light on its mechanism of action such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, autophagy and tumour progression and metastasis. It also provides comprehensive analysis of different cancer targets and their role in breast, colon, hepatic, gliomas, leukemia, lung, prostate and skin cancer. Combination studies of diosmetin to improve drug sensitivity and reduce toxicity towards normal cells has been also discussed. Besides, in vitro studies, present review also discuss the anticancer potential of diosmetin on xenograft mice model. Different natural sources of diosmetin, limitations, pharmacokinetic analysis and toxicity study also summarized in current review. The emphasis on enhancing solubility and permeability for clinical utility has been thoroughly highlighted with particular attention given to the utilization of nano formulations to overcome existing barriers. At last, in-depth analysis of current challenges and a forward-looking perspective deliberated to address the existing gaps and position it as a promising lead compound for clinical applications in cancer treatment. This discussion is boosted by diosmetin's potential anticancer properties on different cancers, makes valuable candidates in the ongoing quest for effective therapeutic interventions against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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5
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Favarin A, Becker G, Brum ES, Serafini PT, Marquezin LP, Brusco I, Oliveira SM. Topical diosmetin attenuates nociception and inflammation in a ultraviolet B radiation-induced sunburn model in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2295-2304. [PMID: 38907857 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Burns are a global health problem and can be caused by several factors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exposure to UVB radiation can cause sunburn and a consequent inflammatory response characterised by pain, oedema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and erythema. Pharmacological treatments available to treat burns and the pain caused by them include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, antimicrobials and glucocorticoids, which are associated with adverse effects. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic alternatives is needed. Diosmetin, an aglycone of the flavonoid diosmin, has antinociceptive, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of topical diosmetin (0.01, 0.1 and 1%) in a UVB radiation-induced sunburn model in mice. The right hind paw of the anaesthetised mice was exposed only once to UVB radiation (0.75 J/cm2) and immediately treated with diosmetin once a day for 5 days. The diosmetin antinociceptive effect was evaluated by mechanical allodynia and pain affective-motivational behaviour, while its anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring paw oedema and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration. Mice exposed to UVB radiation presented mechanical allodynia, increased pain affective-motivational behaviour, paw oedema and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration into the paw tissue. Topical Pemulen® TR2 1% diosmetin reduced the mechanical allodynia, the pain affective-motivational behaviour, the paw oedema and the number of polymorphonuclear cells in the mice's paw tissue similar to that presented by Pemulen® TR2 0.1% dexamethasone. These findings indicate that diosmetin has therapeutic potential and may be a promising strategy for treating patients experiencing inflammatory pain, especially those associated with sunburn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Favarin
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Becker
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Evelyne Silva Brum
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Tuzi Serafini
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara Panazzolo Marquezin
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Indiara Brusco
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Community University of Chapecó Region, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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6
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Sun Z, Liu K, Liang C, Wen L, Wu J, Liu X, Li X. Diosmetin as a promising natural therapeutic agent: In vivo, in vitro mechanisms, and clinical studies. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3660-3694. [PMID: 38748620 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Diosmetin, a natural occurring flavonoid, is primarily found in citrus fruits, beans, and other plants. Diosmetin demonstrates a variety of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, metabolic regulation, cardiovascular function improvement, estrogenic effects, and others. The process of literature search was done using PubMed, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials databases with search terms containing Diosmetin, content, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pharmacological activity, pharmacokinetics, in vivo, and in vitro. The aim of this review is to summarize the in vivo, in vitro and clinical studies of Diosmetin over the last decade, focusing on studies related to its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. It is found that DIO has significant therapeutic effects on skin and cardiovascular system diseases, and its research in pharmacokinetics and toxicology is summarized. It provides the latest information for researchers and points out the limitations of current research and areas that should be strengthened in future research, so as to facilitate the relevant scientific research and clinical application of DIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuipeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jijiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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7
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Yang D, Peng M, Fu F, Zhao W, Zhang B. Diosmetin ameliorates psoriasis-associated inflammation and keratinocyte hyperproliferation by modulation of PGC-1α / YAP signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112248. [PMID: 38749332 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis, characterized by aberrant epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, is a chronic inflammatory immune-related skin disease. Diosmetin (Dios), derived from citrus fruits, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. In this study, IL-17A-induced HaCaT cell model and Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model were utilized to investigate the effects of Dios against psoriasis. The morphology and biomarkers of psoriasis were regarded as the preliminary evaluation including PASI score, skin thickness, H&E staining, EdU staining and inflammatory factors. Transcriptomics analysis revealed PGC-1α as a key target for Dios in ameliorating psoriasis. Specifically, Dios, through PGC-1α, suppressed YAP-mediated proliferation and inflammatory responses in psoriatic keratinocytes. In conclusion, Dios shows promise in psoriasis treatment and holds potential for development as targeted medications for application in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Mingwei Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Fengping Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Baoshun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
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8
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Dossou SSK, Luo Z, Deng Q, Zhou R, Zhang Y, Li D, Li H, Tozo K, You J, Wang L. Biochemical and Molecular Insights into Variation in Sesame Seed Antioxidant Capability as Revealed by Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:514. [PMID: 38790619 PMCID: PMC11117558 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesame seeds are important resources for relieving oxidation stress-related diseases. Although a significant variation in seeds' antioxidant capability is observed, the underlying biochemical and molecular basis remains elusive. Thus, this study aimed to reveal major seed components and key molecular mechanisms that drive the variability of seeds' antioxidant activity (AOA) using a panel of 400 sesame accessions. The seeds' AOA, total flavonoid, and phenolic contents varied from 2.03 to 78.5%, 0.072 to 3.104 mg CAE/g, and 2.717 to 21.98 mg GAE/g, respectively. Analyses revealed that flavonoids and phenolic acids are the main contributors to seeds' AOA variation, irrespective of seed coat color. LC-MS-based polyphenol profiling of high (HA) and low (LA) antioxidant seeds uncovered 320 differentially accumulated phenolic compounds (DAPs), including 311 up-regulated in HA seeds. Tricin, persicoside, 5,7,4',5'-tetrahydro-3',6-dimethoxyflavone, 8-methoxyapigenin, and 6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavone were the top five up-regulated in HA. Comparative transcriptome analysis at three seed developmental stages identified 627~2357 DEGs and unveiled that differential regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and stilbene biosynthesis were the key underlying mechanisms of seed antioxidant capacity variation. Major differentially regulated phenylpropanoid structural genes and transcription factors were identified. SINPZ0000571 (MYB), SINPZ0401118 (NAC), and SINPZ0500871 (C3H) were the most highly induced TFs in HA. Our findings may enhance quality breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Physiology, University of Lomé, Lomé 01 BP 1515, Togo;
| | - Zishu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Donghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Koffi Tozo
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Physiology, University of Lomé, Lomé 01 BP 1515, Togo;
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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9
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Dachani S, Kaleem M, Mujtaba MA, Mahajan N, Ali SA, Almutairy AF, Mahmood D, Anwer MK, Ali MD, Kumar S. A Comprehensive Review of Various Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of Skin Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:10030-10048. [PMID: 38463249 PMCID: PMC10918819 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Skin cancer (SC) poses a global threat to the healthcare system and is expected to increase significantly over the next two decades if not diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis is crucial for successful treatment, as the disease becomes more challenging to cure as it progresses. However, identifying new drugs, achieving clinical success, and overcoming drug resistance remain significant challenges. To overcome these obstacles and provide effective treatment, it is crucial to understand the causes of skin cancer, how cells grow and divide, factors that affect cell growth, and how drug resistance occurs. In this review, we have explained various therapeutic approaches for SC treatment via ligands, targeted photosensitizers, natural and synthetic drugs for the treatment of SC, an epigenetic approach for management of melanoma, photodynamic therapy, and targeted therapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma. This article also provides a detailed summary of the various natural drugs that are effective in managing melanoma and reducing the occurrence of skin cancer at early stages and focuses on the current status and future prospects of various therapies available for the management of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudharshan
Reddy Dachani
- Department
of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Kaleem
- Department
of Pharmacology, Babasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md. Ali Mujtaba
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern
Border University, Arar 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilesh Mahajan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dabasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayyed A. Ali
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dabasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440037, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ali F Almutairy
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Daud Ali
- Department
of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for
Medical Sciences, Abdulrazaq Bin Hammam Street, Al Safa 34222, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
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10
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Wang FH, Tan HX, Hu JH, Duan XY, Bai WT, Wang XB, Wang BL, Su Y, Hu JP. Inhibitory interaction of flavonoids with organic anion transporter 3 and their structure-activity relationships for predicting nephroprotective effects. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:353-371. [PMID: 37589480 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2240722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3), an important renal uptake transporter, is associated with drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Screening and identifying potent OAT3 inhibitors with little toxicity in natural products, especially flavonoids, in reducing OAT3-mediated AKI is of great value. The five strongest OAT3 inhibitors from the 97 flavonoids markedly decreased aristolochic acid I-induced cytotoxicity and alleviated methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. The pharmacophore model clarified hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrophobic groups are the critical pharmacophores. These findings would provide valuable information in predicting the potential risks of flavonoid-containing food/herb-drug interactions and optimizing flavonoid structure to alleviate OAT3-related AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui-Xin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jia-Huan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Health Management and Service, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan-Ting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xin-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bao-Lian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Health Management and Service, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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11
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhai Y, Zhao X, Lv M, Yu S, Xiao H, Song Y. Inhibitory mechanism of chrysin and diosmetin to α-glucosidase: insights from kinetics, multispectroscopy and molecular docking investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38289727 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is a promising method to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. The inhibitory effect and interaction of chrysin and diosmetin on α-glucosidase were studied in this study. The results of inhibition kinetics showed that chrysin and diosmetin reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase activity with IC50 value of 26.445 ± 1.406 μmol L-1 and 18.380 ± 1.264 μmol L-1, respectively. Further research revealed that chrysin exhibited a mixed-type inhibitory pattern against α-glucosidase, while diosmetin was noncompetitive inhibitory with Ki value of (2.6 ± 0.04) ×10-4 mol L-1. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both chrysin and diosmetin could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase, the maximum emission wavelength of tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) were not moved by chrysin, but red shifted by diosmetin. UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) measurements showed that the secondary structure and microenvironment of α-glucosidase were changed by chrysin and diosmetin. Further analysis of molecular docking showed that chrysin and diosmetin could bind with α-glucosidase and might cause the decrease of α-glucosidase activity. The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that the stability of chrysin (or diosmetin)-α-glucosidase complex system was changed during binding process. In conclusion, chrysin and diosmetin are good α-glucosidase inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhan Zhai
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxing Lv
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoxuan Yu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Haifang Xiao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanda Song
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
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12
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Varshney KK, Gupta JK, Srivastava R. Unveiling the Molecular Mechanism of Diosmetin and its Impact on Multifaceted Cellular Signaling Pathways. Protein Pept Lett 2024; 31:275-289. [PMID: 38629379 DOI: 10.2174/0109298665294109240323033601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diosmetin is an O-methylated flavone and the aglycone part of the flavonoid glycosides diosmin that occurs naturally in citrus fruits. Pharmacologically, diosmetin is reported to exhibit anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, oestrogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities. OBJECTIVE This comprehensive review was aimed to critically explore diverse pharmacological activities exhibited by diosmetin. Along with that, this review can also identify potential research areas with an elucidation of the multifactorial underlying signaling mechanism of action of diosmetin in different diseases. METHODS A comprehensive collection of evidence and insights was obtained from scientific journals and books from physical libraries and electronic platforms like Google Scholar and PubMed. The time frame selected was from year 1992 to July 2023. RESULTS The review delves into diosmetin's impact on cellular signaling pathways and its potential in various diseases. Due to its ability to modulate signaling pathways and reduce oxidative stress, it can be suggested as a potential versatile therapeutic agent for mitigating oxidative stressassociated pathogenesis. CONCLUSION The amalgamation of the review underscores diosmetin's promising role as a multifaceted therapeutic agent, highlighting its potential for drug development and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajnish Srivastava
- Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Zhao L, Tao X, Wang Q, Yu X, Dong D. Diosmetin alleviates neuropathic pain by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116067. [PMID: 38150877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain, a chronic condition with a high incidence, imposes psychological burdens on both patients and society. It is urgent to improve pain management and develop new analgesic drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine has gained popularity as a method for pain relief. Diosmetin (Dio) is mainly found in Chinese herbal medicines with effective antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. There are few known mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of Dio in treating neuropathic pain. However, the complete understanding of its therapeutic effect is missing. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate Dio's therapeutic effects on neuropathic pain models and determine its possible mechanism of action. We hypothesized that Dio may activate antioxidants and reduce inflammation, inhibit the activation of Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NF-κB), promote the metastasis of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), thus alleviating the neuropathic pain caused by spinal nerve ligation. METHODS Chronic nociceptive pain mouse models were established in vivo by L4 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Different dosages of Dio (10, 50, 100 mg/kg) were intragastrically administered daily from the third day after the establishment of the SNL model. Allodynia, caused by mechanical stimuli, and hyperalgesia, caused by heat, were assessed using the paw withdrawal response frequency (PWF) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL), respectively. Cold allodynia were assessd by acetone test. RT-PCR was used to detect the content of interleukin-(IL)- 1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were employed to assess the expression levels of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba1), Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NF-κB p-p65 protein. RESULTS Dio administration relieved SNL-induced transient mechanical and thermal allodynia in mice. The protective effect of Dio in the SNL model was associated with its anti-inflammatory and anti-glial responses in the spinal cord. Dio inhibited both inflammatory factors and macrophage activation in the DRG. Furthermore, Dio regulated the Keap1/Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway. HO-1 and Nrf2 were upregulated following Dio administration, which also decreased the levels of Keap1 and NF-κB p65 protein. CONCLUSION Mice with SNL-induced neuropathic pain were therapeutically treated with Dio. Dio may protect against pain by inhibiting inflammatory responses and improved Keap1/Nrf2/NF-κB pathway. These results highlight the potential therapeutic effect of Dio for the development of new analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Pain, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshu Tao
- Department of Pain, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Medical Oncology, Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Daosong Dong
- Department of Pain, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Chen Y, Dai X, Chen W, Qiao Y, Bai R, Duan X, Zhang K, Chen X, Li X, Mo S, Cao W, Li X, Liu K, Dong Z, Lu J. Diosmetin suppresses the progression of ESCC by CDK2/Rb/E2F2/RRM2 pathway and synergies with cisplatin. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02750-2. [PMID: 37349644 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is the first-line drug in the clinical treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which has severe nephrotoxicity. Diosmetin (DIOS) can protect kidney from oxidative damage, however, its function in ESCC is unknown. This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of DIOS on ESCC and its combined effect with CDDP. Herein, we found that DIOS significantly inhibited the progression of ESCC in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effect of DIOS was not statistically different from that of CDDP. Mechanically, transcriptomics revealed that DIOS inhibited the E2F2/RRM2 signaling pathway. The transcriptional regulation of RRM2 by E2F2 was verified by luciferase assay. Moreover, docking model, CETSA, pull-down assay and CDK2 inhibitor assay confirmed that DIOS directly targeted CDK2, leading to significant suppression of ESCC. Additionally, the patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model showed that the combination of DIOS and CDDP significantly inhibited the growth of ESCC. Importantly, the combined treatment with DIOS and CDDP significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of kidney injury biomarkers KIM-1 and NGAL in renal tissue, as well as the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and blood uric acid compared to the single treatment with CDDP. In conclusion, DIOS could be an effective drug and a potential chemotherapeutic adjuvant for ESCC treatment. Furthermore, DIOS could reduce the nephrotoxicity of CDDP to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoshuo Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Ruihua Bai
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Saijun Mo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Wenbo Cao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Ziming Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China.
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15
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Huang Q, Pan X, Zhu W, Zhao W, Xu H, Hu K. Natural Products for the Immunotherapy of Glioma. Nutrients 2023; 15:2795. [PMID: 37375698 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma immunotherapy has attracted increasing attention since the immune system plays a vital role in suppressing tumor growth. Immunotherapy strategies are already being tested in clinical trials, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T cell) therapy, and virus therapy. However, the clinical application of these immunotherapies is limited due to their tremendous side effects and slight efficacy caused by glioma heterogeneity, antigen escape, and the presence of glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment (GIME). Natural products have emerged as a promising and safe strategy for glioma therapy since most of them possess excellent antitumor effects and immunoregulatory properties by reversing GIME. This review summarizes the status of current immunotherapy strategies for glioma, including their obstacles. Then we discuss the recent advancement of natural products for glioma immunotherapy. Additionally, perspectives on the challenges and opportunities of natural compounds for modulating the glioma microenvironment are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xier Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenhao Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai 200040, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai 200040, China
- Neurosurgical Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Kaili Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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16
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Sun Q, Hu S, Lou Z, Gao J. The macrophage polarization in inflammatory dermatosis and its potential drug candidates. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114469. [PMID: 37002572 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory dermatosis is characterized by persistent inflammatory infiltration and hard repair of diseased skin. As a member of the human innate immune cells, macrophages usually show different phenotypes in different diseases. The macrophage phenotype (M1/M2) imbalance caused by the increase of M1 macrophages or the decrease of M2 macrophages is common in inflammatory dermatosis. In recent years, with the deepening research on inflammatory skin diseases, more and more natural medicines/traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), represented by Shikonin and Angelica Dahurica, have shown their therapeutic effects by affecting the polarization of macrophages. This review introduced macrophage polarization in different inflammatory dermatosis, such as psoriasis. Then summarized the natural medicines/TCMs that have potential therapeutic effects so far and introduced their mechanisms of action and the proteins/signal pathways involved. We found that the TCMs with therapeutic effects listed in this review are closely related to the theory of five flavors and four properties of Chinese medicinal, and most of them are bitter, acrid and sweet. Bitter TCMs have antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, which may improve the persistent inflammation of M1 macrophage infiltration. Acrid TCMs have the effect of promoting blood circulation, while sweet TCMs have the effect of nourishing. These 2 flavors may accelerate the repair of skin lesions of inflammatory dermatosis by affecting M2 macrophages. In conclusion, we hope to provide sufficient knowledge for natural medicine research and the development of inflammatory dermatosis related to macrophage phenotype imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingru Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohuan Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Fibrous dressing containing bioactive glass with combined chemotherapy and wound healing promotion for post-surgical treatment of melanoma. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 149:213387. [PMID: 36990026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Surgery is the mainstream treatment for melanoma. However, inappropriate post-surgical treatment could result in the tumor recurrence and sever tissue damage, which ultimately leads to the failure of therapy and significantly compromises the therapeutic outcome of surgery. Herein, taking advantages of the co-axial electrospinning technology, we construct a dual-function nanofibrous wound dressing for the post-surgical treatment of melanoma. Si-Ca-P-based mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) was prepared by the template-sol-gel process, with the compositions being set as 60 SiO2: 36 CaO: 4 P2O5 in mol%. Through rational design, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-loaded MBG nanoparticles (MBG-U) are successfully incorporated into the fiber core with biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as the cladding layer to form the core-shell nanofibers (MBG-U CSF), which achieves sustained releases of chemotherapeutic drug (i.e.,5-FU) and wound healing promotion function. Thereafter, the post-surgical melanoma model was established to evaluate the in-situ anti-cancer and wound healing effect of MBG-U CSF. Thereafter, the post-surgical melanoma model was established to evaluate the anti-cancer and wound healing effect. The results demonstrated that the core-shell nanofibrous dressing almost complete suppressed tumor growth, and simultaneously promoted skin regeneration, which provides a promising strategy for the post-surgical treatment for melanoma.
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18
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Diosmetin inhibits subchondral bone loss and indirectly protects cartilage in a surgically-induced osteoarthritis mouse model. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 370:110311. [PMID: 36563736 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease characterized by articular cartilage destruction, subchondral bone remodeling, ectopic osteophyte formation and synovitis. It is now recognized that the integrity of the underlying subchondral bone is crucial for the maintenance of the overlying articular cartilage. Therapeutic agents that can prevent subchondral bone loss are demonstrate potential in the prevention and treatment of OA. Diosmetin (DIOS; 3',5,7 -trihydroxy-4'-methoxy flavone), a natural flavonoid, has been shown to exert anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anticancer properties. In this study, we found that diosmetin suppressed the DMM-induced subchondral bone loss and reduced subsequent cartilage degradation in vivo. Cellular-based assays showed that diosmetin inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption,but did not affect IL-1β-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that the anti-osteoclastic effect of diosmetin was at least in part due to the suppression of RANKL-induced activation of the ERK, p38, and JNK MAPK signaling pathways. Collectively, our results show that diosmetin have potential as a therapeutic agent the treatment of abnormal subchondral bone loss and cartilage degradation associated with the onset of OA.
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Wang S, Lu L, Song T, Xu X, Yu J, Liu T. Optimization of Cordyceps sinensis fermentation Marsdenia tenacissima process and the differences of metabolites before and after fermentation. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12586. [PMID: 36636205 PMCID: PMC9830164 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we explored the interaction of factors which influenced the Cordyceps sinensis fermentation Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Wight et Arn, a Dai (a national minority of China) medicine, and the optimal fermentation conditions. The differences of C. sinensis metabolites in normal state (CN) and products of two-way liquid fermentation of C. sinensis and Marsdenia tenacissima (CM) and Marsdenia tenacissima (MT). The interactive effect of factors was analyzed and the best conditions are obtained through the box-behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM). All metabolites were determined by ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS), analyzed and identified by metabonomics technology. Results showed that the optimum fermentation conditions were the concentration of raw medicinal materials is 160 g/L, the fermentation time is 6 days, the inoculation volume is 9.5%, the rotating speed is 170 rpm. 197 metabolites were identified in both positive ion and negative ion. 119 metabolites were significantly different between CN and CM. 43 metabolites were significantly different between CM and MT. Differential metabolic pathways were enriched. In conclusion, this paper optimizes the bidirectional fermentation process of M. tenacissima and C. sinensis through response surface methodology, and analyzes the changes of components from the level of metabonomics, so as to provide reference for exploring medicinal fungi fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minority of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minority of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tianyuan Song
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minority of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minority of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minority of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tongxiang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine, Minority of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China,Corresponding author.
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20
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Crosstalk between xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibiting and cancer chemotherapeutic properties of comestible flavonoids- a comprehensive update. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 110:109147. [PMID: 36049673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Gout is an inflammatory disease caused by metabolic disorder or genetic inheritance. People throughout the world are strongly dependent on ethnomedicine for the treatment of gout and some receive satisfactory curative treatment. The natural remedies as well as established drugs derived from natural sources or synthetically made exert their action by mechanisms that are closely associated with anticancer treatment mechanisms regarding inhibition of xanthine oxidase, feedback inhibition of de novo purine synthesis, depolymerization and disappearance of microtubule, inhibition of NF-ĸB activation, induction of TRAIL, promotion of apoptosis, and caspase activation and proteasome inhibition. Some anti-gout and anticancer novel compounds interact with same receptors for their action, e.g., colchicine and colchicine analogues. Dietary flavonoids, i.e., chrysin, kaempferol, quercetin, fisetin, pelargonidin, apigenin, luteolin, myricetin, isorhamnetin, phloretinetc etc. have comparable IC50 values with established anti-gout drug and effective against both cancer and gout. Moreover, a noticeable number of newer anticancer compounds have already been isolated from plants that have been using by local traditional healers and herbal practitioners to treat gout. Therefore, the anti-gout plants might have greater potentiality to become selective candidates for screening of newer anticancer leads.
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21
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Methyl Gallate Suppresses Tumor Development by Increasing Activation of Caspase3 and Disrupting Tumor Angiogenesis in Melanoma. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6295910. [PMID: 36110191 PMCID: PMC9470304 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6295910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Methyl gallate is a phenolic compound mainly found in medicinal plants. It has been reported to its anticancer activity in various tumors. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the antitumor effect of methyl gallate in the melanoma mouse model and B16F10 cells. Our results showed that methyl gallate decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis by increasing the expression of cleaved caspase3 in B16F10 cells and prevented cell migration and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In B16F10 cell-inoculated mice, methyl gallate not only decreased tumor volume by 30% but also significantly reduced tumor vessel density and pericyte coverage. Moreover, methyl gallate diminished by close to 50% the expression of cytokeratin and LYVE-1 in mouse right inguinal lymph nodes, indicating that methyl gallate could suppress metastasis. In conclusion, this study suggests that methyl gallate inhibits tumor development by inducing apoptosis and blocking tumor angiogenesis and metastasis and might be considered a therapeutic agent for melanoma.
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22
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Pan YL, Zeng SX, Hao RR, Liang MH, Shen ZR, Huang WH. The progress of small-molecules and degraders against BCR-ABL for the treatment of CML. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114442. [PMID: 35551036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant disease of the hematopoietic system with crucial pathogenic protein named BCR-ABL, which endangers the life of patients severely. As a milestone of targeted drug, Imatinib has achieved great success in the treatment of CML. Nevertheless, inevitable drug resistance of Imatinib has occurred frequently in clinical due to the several mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase. Subsequently, the second-generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against BCR-ABL was developed to address the mutants of Imatinib resistance, except T315I. To date, the third-generation of TKIs targeting T315I has been developed for improving the selectivity and safety. Notably, the first allosteric inhibitor has been in market which could overcome the mutations in ATP binding site effectively. Meanwhile, some advanced technology, such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTAC) based on different E3 ligand, are highly expected to overcome the drug resistance by selectively degrading the targeted proteins. In this review, we summarized the current research progress of inhibitors and degraders targeting BCR-ABL for the treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shen-Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rong-Rong Hao
- Hangzhou Chinese Academy of Sciences-Hangzhou Medical College Advanced Medical Technology Institute, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei-Hao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Hai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Maiborodin I, Mansurova A, Chernyavskiy A, Romanov A, Voitcitctkii V, Kedrova A, Tarkhov A, Chernyshova A, Krasil’nikov S. Cancer Angiogenesis and Opportunity of Influence on Tumor by Changing Vascularization. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030327. [PMID: 35330327 PMCID: PMC8954734 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the study of recent scientific literature devoted to neovascularization and angiogenesis in malignant neoplasms, it was concluded that there are many publications on each of the problems of tumor angiogenesis and vascularization. The formation of blood vessels in a tumor and certain aspects of the prognostic value of the severity of vascularization in almost all forms of cancer are considered. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of angiogenesis in tumors of the female reproductive system. A large number of vessels in the tumor often indicates a poor prognosis. The influence of various factors on the initiation of angiogenesis and the process itself, as well as the possibility of suppressing such signals to slow down the formation of blood vessels and thus the development of the tumor are widely studied. The results of pharmacological suppression of tumor vessel formation demonstrate a good clinical outcome but one accompanied by a large number of severe adverse side effects. Such a significant amount of studies on each of the problems of tumor vascularization indicates the increasing importance of this area of oncology. At the same time, only a very small number of works are devoted to the study of the differences in angiogenesis and number of vessels between different parts of the tumor, as well as between the primary tumor node and its metastases. The refinement of the results is still to be done. It was noted that the expression of proangiogenic factors in metastases is usually higher than in the source of metastasis, and the expression in lymphogenous metastases is higher than in hematogenous ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Maiborodin
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alfija Mansurova
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Alexander Chernyavskiy
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Alexander Romanov
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Vladimir Voitcitctkii
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Anna Kedrova
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Alexander Tarkhov
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Alena Chernyshova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Cancer Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Sergey Krasil’nikov
- The E. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, 30055 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.M.); (A.C.); (A.R.); (V.V.); (A.K.); (A.T.); (S.K.)
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24
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Juszczak AM, Wöelfle U, Končić MZ, Tomczyk M. Skin cancer, including related pathways and therapy and the role of luteolin derivatives as potential therapeutics. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1423-1462. [PMID: 35187675 PMCID: PMC9303584 DOI: 10.1002/med.21880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the fastest growing and the most aggressive form of skin cancer that is diagnosed. However, its incidence is relatively scarce compared to the highest mortality rate of all skin cancers. The much more common skin cancers include nonmelanoma malignant skin cancers. Moreover, over the past several decades, the frequency of all skin cancers has increased much more dynamically than that of almost any other type of cancer. Among the available therapeutic options for skin cancers, chemotherapy used immediately after the surgical intervention has been an essential element. Unfortunately, the main problem with conventional chemopreventive regimens involves the lack of response to treatment and the associated side effects. Hence, there is a need for much more effective anticancer drugs. Correspondingly, the targeted alternatives have involved phytochemicals, which are safer chemotherapeutic agents and exhibit competitive anticancer activity with high therapeutic efficacy. Among polyphenolic compounds, some flavonoids and their derivatives, which are mostly found in medicinal plants, have been demonstrated to influence the modulation of signaling pathways at each stage of the carcinogenesis process, which is also important in the context of skin cancers. Hence, this review focuses on an exhaustive overview of the therapeutic effects of luteolin and its derivatives in the treatment and prevention of skin cancers. The bioavailability and structure–activity relationships of luteolin derivatives are also discussed. This review is the first such complete account of all of the scientific reports concerning this particular group of natural compounds that target a specific area of neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Juszczak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Białystok Białystok Poland
| | - Ute Wöelfle
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Research Center Skinitial, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Marijana Zovko Končić
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of Białystok Białystok Poland
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25
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Mahmoud AM, Sayed AM, Ahmed OS, Abdel-Daim MM, Hassanein EHM. The role of flavonoids in inhibiting IL-6 and inflammatory arthritis. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:746-768. [PMID: 34994311 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220107105233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the synovial joints. RA has well-known clinical manifestations and can cause progressive disability and premature death along with socioeconomic burdens. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in the pathology of RA where it can stimulate pannus formation, osteoclastogenesis, and oxidative stress. Flavonoids are plant metabolites with beneficial pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, and others. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found in a variety of plants, vegetables, and fruits. Many flavonoids have demonstrated anti-arthritic activity mediated mainly through the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review thoroughly discusses the accumulate data on the role of flavonoids on IL-6 in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Osama S Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University-Assiut Branch, Egypt
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26
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Pan L, Feng F, Wu J, Li L, Xu H, Yang L, Xu K, Wang C. Diosmetin inhibits cell growth and proliferation by regulating the cell cycle and lipid metabolism pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Food Funct 2021; 12:12036-12046. [PMID: 34755740 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Diosmetin (DSM), a newly discovered natural flavonoid, found in citrus plants and olive leaves, has been reported to inhibit the progression of cancer when used as a food supplement. This study aimed to investigate DSM's anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) properties and possible molecular mechanisms. Hep3B and HCCLM3 cells were selected to evaluate the anti-HCC properties of DSM in vitro. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to identify the possible molecular targets and pathways. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to evaluate the effect of DSM treatment on the primary metabolites of HCCLM3 cells. Tumor xenograft was performed in nude mice to examine the anti-HCC properties of DSM in vivo. The results showed that DSM inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. RNA-seq identified 4459 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were highly enriched in the cell cycle pathway. In addition, DSM regulated cell growth by arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase by decreasing the expression of BCL2, CDK1, and CCND1. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis revealed that DSM interfered with the lipid metabolism pathway of HCC cells by significantly inhibiting the synthesis of metabolites, such as acetic acid, decanoic acid, glycerol, and L-proline. Subcutaneous tumor formation experiments revealed that DSM significantly reduced the tumor volume and weight when compared to the control. Immunohistochemical analysis further revealed that DSM treatment significantly decreased the expression of the proliferative marker KI67. Our findings demonstrated that DSM exhibited antitumor effects on HCC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest and interfering with lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhong Pan
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Antitumor Natural Drugs, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Fan Feng
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Jiaqin Wu
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Lanqing Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Haiying Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Li Yang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Chunli Wang
- National Innovation and Attracting Talents "111" base, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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Han L, Fu Q, Deng C, Luo L, Xiang T, Zhao H. Immunomodulatory potential of flavonoids for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and tumour. Scand J Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Limin Han
- Department of Pathophysiology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
- Department of Endocrinology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Organ Transplantation Center Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Chuan Deng
- Department of Neurology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Forensic Medicine Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| | - Tengxiao Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology People’s Hospital of Changshou Chongqing Chongqing China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
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28
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He WS, Wu Y, Ren MJ, Yu ZY, Zhao XS. Diosmetin inhibits apoptosis and activates AMPK-induced autophagy in myocardial damage under hypoxia environment. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 38:139-148. [PMID: 34713558 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is considered as an important treatment method for ischemic heart diseases, but related drugs are still insufficient. The present study aims to explore the protective function and mechanism of the key Chinese medicine monomer diosmetin (DIOS) on the injury of cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia. Here, AC16 and HCM-a cells were treated with 40 μM of DIOS under hypoxic environment and a hypoxic rat model was built to study the role of DIOS. The viability and autophagy of cardiomyocytes were increased, but the apoptosis of cells was suppressed by 40 μM DIOS, under hypoxic environment. Intriguingly, 10 mM 3-methyladenine, an inhibitor of autophagy, reversed the effect of DIOS on autophagy and apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes under hypoxia. Furthermore, DIOS induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and Compound C (5 μM), an AMPK inhibitor, attenuated the inhibition of DIOS on the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypoxia environment. In isoprenaline-induced hypoxic rats, it was verified that DIOS inhibited apoptosis, accelerated autophagy, and activated AMPKα pathway in vivo. Our findings indicated that DIOS alleviated hypoxia-induced myocardial apoptosis via inducing the activation of AMPK-induced autophagy. In summary, the study suggested that DIOS inhibited the apoptosis and induced the autophagy of hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes through AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai He
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Mao-Jia Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xing-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
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Pakradooni R, Shukla N, Gupta K, Kumar J, Isali I, Khalifa AO, Shukla S. Diosmetin Induces Modulation of Igf-1 and Il-6 Levels to Alter Rictor-Akt-PKCα Cascade in Inhibition of Prostate Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10204741. [PMID: 34682865 PMCID: PMC8538102 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10204741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth signals, which typically originate from the surrounding microenvironment, are important for cells. However, when stimulation by growth factors becomes excessive and exceeds their threshold limit, deleterious effects may ensue. In patients with cancer, maintenance of tumors depends, at least in part, on growth factor stimulation, which can also facilitate cancer progression into advanced stages. This is particularly important when the tumor grows beyond its tissue boundaries or when it invades and colonizes other tissues. These aforementioned malignant events are known to be partly supported by elevated cytokine levels. Among the currently known growth signals, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IL-6 have been previously studied for their roles in prostate cancer. Both IGF-1 and IL-6 have been reported to activate the RAPTOR independent companion of MTOR complex 2 (Rictor)/AKT/protein kinase C α (PKCα) signaling pathway as one of their downstream mechanisms. At present, research efforts are mainly focused on the exploration of agents that alter growth factor (such as IGF-1) and cytokine (such as IL-6) signaling for their potential application as therapeutic agents, as both of these have been reported to modulate disease outcome. In the present study, IGF-1 and IL-6 served distinct roles in the androgen responsive LNCaP cell line and in the androgen refractory PC-3 cell line in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Increased phosphorylation of Rictor at the Thr-1135 residue, AKT at the Ser-473 residue and PKCα at the Ser-657 residue were observed after treatment with IGF-1 and IL-6. Subsequently, it was found that diosmetin, a natural plant aglycone, had the potential to modulate the downstream signaling cascade of Rictor/AKT/PKCα to inhibit the progression of prostate cancer. Treatment of LNCaP and PC-3 cells with diosmetin inhibited the phosphorylation of Rictor (Thr-1135), AKT (Ser-473) and PKCα (Ser-657) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio was increased in response to diosmetin treatment, which would result in increased apoptosis. Based on these observations, diosmetin may represent a novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Pakradooni
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (R.P.); (I.I.); (A.O.K.)
| | - Nishka Shukla
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Kalpana Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Jatinder Kumar
- Department of Urology, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA;
- Department of Urology, ACMH Hospital, 1 Nolte Drive, Kittanning, PE 16201, USA
| | - Ilaha Isali
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (R.P.); (I.I.); (A.O.K.)
| | - Ahmed O. Khalifa
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (R.P.); (I.I.); (A.O.K.)
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (R.P.); (I.I.); (A.O.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (N.S.); (K.G.)
- Department of Urology, University of Florida Health Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA;
- Correspondence:
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30
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Zhao F, Hong X, Li D, Wei Z, Ci X, Zhang S. Diosmetin induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by activating reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the Nrf2 pathway. Med Oncol 2021; 38:54. [PMID: 33811596 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The fatality rate of ovarian cancer ranks first among gynecological tumors, and the prognosis is poor. Diosmetin (Dio), a natural flavonoid obtained from citrus fruits, has been shown to have anti-tumor effects in lung, liver, and skin cancers. We aimed to investigate the effects of Dio on ovarian cancer A2780 and SKOV3 cells along with the underlying mechanisms. Our data showed that Dio inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of these cells and induced their apoptosis. Moreover, Dio upregulated the levels of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP while downregulating the level of Bcl2. Mechanistically, our results revealed that Dio inhibited Nrf2 and induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) suppressed the inhibitory effect of Dio on the proliferation of the ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, overexpression of Nrf2 partially suppressed the Dio-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition in these cells. These findings indicate that Dio exerts an anti-tumor activity by upregulating ROS levels and inhibiting Nrf2, indicating that Dio is a promising chemotherapeutic candidate for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijie Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Road 519, Changchun, Jilin, 130001, China
| | - Xiaoling Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Road 519, Changchun, Jilin, 130001, China
| | - Danjie Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Road 519, Changchun, Jilin, 130001, China
| | - Zhentong Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Road 519, Changchun, Jilin, 130001, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Dongminzhu Road 71, Changchun, Jilin, 130001, China.
| | - Songling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Road 519, Changchun, Jilin, 130001, China.
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31
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Umeoguaju FU, Ephraim-Emmanuel BC, Patrick-Iwuanyanwu KC, Zelikoff JT, Orisakwe OE. Plant-Derived Food Grade Substances (PDFGS) Active Against Respiratory Viruses: A Systematic Review of Non-clinical Studies. Front Nutr 2021; 8:606782. [PMID: 33634160 PMCID: PMC7900554 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.606782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human diet comprises several classes of phytochemicals some of which are potentially active against human pathogenic viruses. This study examined available evidence that identifies existing food plants or constituents of edible foods that have been reported to inhibit viral pathogenesis of the human respiratory tract. SCOPUS and PUBMED databases were searched with keywords designed to retrieve articles that investigated the effect of plant-derived food grade substances (PDFGS) on the activities of human pathogenic viruses. Eligible studies for this review were those done on viruses that infect the human respiratory tract. Forty six (46) studies met the specified inclusion criteria from the initial 5,734 hits. The selected studies investigated the effects of different PDFGS on the infectivity, proliferation and cytotoxicity of different respiratory viruses including influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human parainfluenza virus (hPIV), Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), and rhinovirus (RV) in cell lines and mouse models. This review reveals that PDFGS inhibits different stages of the pathological pathways of respiratory viruses including cell entry, replication, viral release and viral-induced dysregulation of cellular homeostasis and functions. These alterations eventually lead to the reduction of virus titer, viral-induced cellular damages and improved survival of host cells. Major food constituents active against respiratory viruses include flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, lectins, vitamin D, curcumin, and plant glycosides such as glycyrrhizin, acteoside, geniposide, and iridoid glycosides. Herbal teas such as guava tea, green and black tea, adlay tea, cistanche tea, kuding tea, licorice extracts, and edible bird nest extracts were also effective against respiratory viruses in vitro. The authors of this review recommend an increased consumption of foods rich in these PDFGS including legumes, fruits (e.g berries, citrus), tea, fatty fish and curcumin amongst human populations with high prevalence of respiratory viral infections in order to prevent, manage and/or reduce the severity of respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis U. Umeoguaju
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Benson C. Ephraim-Emmanuel
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Dental Health Sciences, Ogbia, Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otakeme, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley C. Patrick-Iwuanyanwu
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Judith T. Zelikoff
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Orish Ebere Orisakwe
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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Qiu M, Liu J, Su Y, Guo R, Zhao B, Liu J. Diosmetin Induces Apoptosis by Downregulating AKT Phosphorylation via P53 Activation in Human Renal Carcinoma ACHN Cells. Protein Pept Lett 2020; 27:1022-1028. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200330172646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Diosmetin (DIOS) is the aglycone of the flavonoid glycoside, diosmin, derived
naturally from the leaves of the legume, Olea europaea, and Acacia farnesiana. It has potent
anticancer activity against multiple forms of cancers. However, the role of DIOS in renal carcinoma
and its mechanism of action remain unclear.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of DIOS on cell viability and apoptosis
in renal carcinoma cells and explore the possible mechanism of action.
Methods:
Cell viability, cytotoxicity, caspase activity, apoptosis, and expression of apoptotic related
proteins were analyzed in renal carcinoma ACHN cells.
Results:
The results showed that DIOS inhibited the cell viability, and induced cytotoxicity and
apoptosis in ACHN cells. Furthermore, DIOS increased expression of p53 mRNA and proteins,
and downregulated phosphorylation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein B kinase
(PI3K/AKT). In addition, it was observed that the anticancer effect of DIOS was significantly enhanced
by the p53 activator, but inhibited by the p53 inhibitor.
Conclusion:
Our data suggested that DIOS induced apoptosis in renal carcinoma ACHN cells by
reducing AKT phosphorylation through p53 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingning Qiu
- Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongxia Su
- Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Rong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Hu Z, Cai B, Wang M, Wen X, Geng A, Hu X, Xue R, Mao Z, Jiang Y, Wan X. Diosmetin enhances the sensitivity of radiotherapy by suppressing homologous recombination in endometrial cancer. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:3115-3126. [PMID: 33064975 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1831257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an essential treatment for endometrial cancer (EC), especially in advanced, metastatic, and recurrent cases. Combining radiotherapy, which mainly causes DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), with small molecules targeting aberrantly activated homologous recombination (HR) repair pathways holds great potential for treating ECs in advanced stages. Here, we demonstrate that diosmetin (DIO), a natural flavonoid, suppresses HR, therefore inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing the sensitivity of EC to radiotherapy. Clonogenic experiments revealed that combining DIO and X-ray significantly inhibited the viability of EC cells compared to cells treated with diosmetin or X-ray alone. The survival fraction of EC cells decreased to 40% when combining 0.4 Gy X-ray and 4 μM DIO; however, each treatment alone only caused death in approximately 15% and 22% of cancer cells, respectively. Further mechanistic studies showed that diosmetin inhibited the recruitment of RPA2 and RAD51, two critical factors involved in the HR repair pathway, upon the occurrence of DSBs. Thus, we propose that a combination of diosmetin and irradiation is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Hu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Bailian Cai
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Mengfei Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Wen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Anke Geng
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China.,Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Renhao Xue
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China.,Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University , Shanghai, China.,Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University , Shanghai, China
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Pavel TI, Chircov C, Rădulescu M, Grumezescu AM. Regenerative Wound Dressings for Skin Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102954. [PMID: 33066077 PMCID: PMC7601961 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is considered the most prevalent cancer type globally, with a continuously increasing prevalence and mortality growth rate. Additionally, the high risk of recurrence makes skin cancer treatment among the most expensive of all cancers, with average costs estimated to double within 5 years. Although tumor excision is the most effective approach among the available strategies, surgical interventions could be disfiguring, requiring additional skin grafts for covering the defects. In this context, post-surgery management should involve the application of wound dressings for promoting skin regeneration and preventing tumor recurrence and microbial infections, which still represents a considerable clinical challenge. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an up-to-date overview regarding the current status of regenerative wound dressings for skin cancer therapy. Specifically, the recent discoveries in natural biocompounds as anti-cancer agents for skin cancer treatment and the most intensively studied biomaterials for bioactive wound dressing development will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor Iulian Pavel
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (T.I.P.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (T.I.P.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Marius Rădulescu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1–7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-21-402-3997
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania; (T.I.P.); (C.C.); (A.M.G.)
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Diosmetin alleviates acute kidney injury by promoting the TUG1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in sepsis rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106965. [PMID: 33182044 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to study the effects and the underlying mechanisms of Diosmetin (DIOS) in rats with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS The AKI model in RMCs was induced using LPS, and the cells were then treated with DIOS. Cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and antioxidant were measured using MTT, Flow cytometry, ELISA, and Lucigenin assay, respectively. The correlation between TUG1 and Nrf2 was confirmed by RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expressions of gene and proteins during the development of AKI. The effects of lncRNA-TUG1 silencing and Nrf2 silencing on cell physiological functions were detected. Moreover, a rat sepsis-induced AKI model followed by Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and immunofluorescence staining were performed. RESULTS The experimental concentration of DIOS was determined to be 20 μM. After LPS treatment, the activity of RMCs was decreased, the apoptosis rate, inflammation and oxidative stress damage were increased, moreover, the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 signal axis was inhibited and caspase-3 was activated. However, DIOS significantly reversed these effects caused by LPS treatment, and increased the expression of lncRNA-TUG1, but lncRNA-TUG1 silencing effectively reversed the effects of DIOS. In addition, lncRNA-TUG1 was found to interact with Nrf2. Overexpression of TUG1 could reduce the damage of LPS caused to cell physiological functions, which were reversed by siNrf2. Thus, DIOS treatment could improve the physiological and pathological damages of renal tissues in AKI rats. CONCLUSION DIOS may reduce sepsis-induced AKI through enhancing the TUG1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Liu Y, Shao Z, Liao Y, Xia X, Huang C, He J, Hu T, Yu C, Jiang L, Liu J, Huang H. Targeting SKP2/Bcr-Abl pathway with Diosmetin suppresses chronic myeloid leukemia proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173366. [PMID: 32679184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bcr-Abl is the primary cause as well as currently key therapeutic target of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). SKP2, an E3 ligase, is a downstream factor of Bcr-Abl to motivate the cell cycle transition of CML and also found to bind and activate Bcr-Abl in reverse. Therefore, SKP2/Bcr-Abl pathway is an attractive target for CML treatment. This study aims to identify an inhibitor of the SKP2/Bcr-Abl pathway based on a large screening of the natural products. We demonstrate that Diosmetin, a kind of phytoestrogens, notably downregulates the expression of SKP2, Bcr-Abl phosphorylation, and moderately downregulates the Bcr-Abl level. Furthermore, Diosmetin displays a favorable anti-tumor activity in CML cells and xenograft models. Collectively, our study reveals a natural compound in the treatment of CML on the basis of SKP2/Bcr-Abl signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhenlong Shao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yuning Liao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaohong Xia
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Chuyi Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jinchan He
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Tumei Hu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Cuifu Yu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China; Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Zhang J, Li X, Huang L. Anticancer activities of phytoconstituents and their liposomal targeting strategies against tumor cells and the microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:245-273. [PMID: 32473991 PMCID: PMC7704676 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various bioactive ingredients have been extracted from Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) that affect tumor progression and metastasis. To further understand the mechanisms of CHMs in cancer therapy, this article summarizes the effects of five categories of CHMs and their active ingredients on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Despite their treatment potential, the undesirable physicochemical properties (poor permeability, instability, high hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, toxicity) and unwanted pharmacokinetic profiles (short half-life in blood and low bioavailability) restrict clinical studies of CHMs. Therefore, development of liposomes through relevant surface modifying techniques to achieve targeted CHM delivery for cancer cells, i.e., extracellular and intracellular targets and targets in tumor microenvironment or vasculature, have been reviewed. Current challenges of liposomal targeting of these phytoconstituents and future perspective of CHM applications are discussed to provide an informative reference for interested readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Ma A, Zhang R. Diosmetin Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Induces Cell Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Liver Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3537-3546. [PMID: 32547191 PMCID: PMC7244522 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s240064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Diosmetin (DIOS) has been confirmed to possess anti-cancer effects in some types of tumors. However, it remains unclear whether DIOS exerts anti-cancer effects on liver cancer. Thus, our purpose was to observe the effect of DIOS on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human liver cancer cells. Materials and Methods The cell viability of HepG2 and HCC-LM3 cells under different concentrations of DIOS was detected using MTT assay. The cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptosis/cell cycle-related proteins including P53, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase3, cleaved-caspase8, cleaved-PARP, Bak, cdc2, cyclinB1 and P21 were measured using Western blot. HepG2 cells were transfected by checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1)-small interfering RNA (siRNA) and checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2)-siRNA, respectively. After that, cell cycle was detected. Results DIOS significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis of HepG2 cells and HCC-LM3 cells. Moreover, DIOS promoted cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Western blot results showed that DIOS significantly suppressed the expression levels of Bcl-2, cdc2, cyclinB1, and promoted the expression levels of Bax, cleaved-caspase3, cleaved-caspase8, cleaved-PARP, Bak, P53, and P21. The G2/M phase arrest was observed in HepG2 cells transfected with Chk2-siRNA, while the G2/M phase arrest was not obvious in HepG2 cells transfected with Chk1-siRNA. Conclusion Our findings revealed that DIOS could inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in liver cancer. Furthermore, DIOS could induce G2/M cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cell via targeting Chk2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqing Ma
- Department of Operating Room, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Barreca D, Mandalari G, Calderaro A, Smeriglio A, Trombetta D, Felice MR, Gattuso G. Citrus Flavones: An Update on Sources, Biological Functions, and Health Promoting Properties. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9030288. [PMID: 32110931 PMCID: PMC7154817 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Citrus spp. are among the most widespread plants cultivated worldwide and every year millions of tons of fruit, juices, or processed compounds are produced and consumed, representing one of the main sources of nutrients in human diet. Among these, the flavonoids play a key role in providing a wide range of health beneficial effects. Apigenin, diosmetin, luteolin, acacetin, chrysoeriol, and their respective glycosides, that occur in concentrations up to 60 mg/L, are the most common flavones found in Citrus fruits and juices. The unique characteristics of their basic skeleton and the nature and position of the substituents have attracted and stimulated vigorous investigations as a consequence of an enormous biological potential, that manifests itself as (among other properties) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This review analyzes the biochemical, pharmacological, and biological properties of Citrus flavones, emphasizing their occurrence in Citrus spp. fruits and juices, on their bioavailability, and their ability to modulate signal cascades and key metabolic enzymes both in vitro and in vivo. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciFinder were used to investigate recent published articles on Citrus spp. in terms of components and bioactivity potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (A.S.); (D.T.); (M.R.F.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0906765187; Fax: +39-0906765186
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (A.S.); (D.T.); (M.R.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonella Calderaro
- Department of Agricultural Science, Università degli Studi Mediterranea, Feo di Vito, IT-89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (A.S.); (D.T.); (M.R.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (A.S.); (D.T.); (M.R.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Maria Rosa Felice
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (A.S.); (D.T.); (M.R.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Gattuso
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (A.S.); (D.T.); (M.R.F.); (G.G.)
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Soares JM, Faria BMDE, Ascari LM, Souza JMDE, Soares AG, Cordeiro Y, Romão LF. Diosmin induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20191031. [PMID: 31800712 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920191031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosmin is a flavone glycoside clinically used as the main component of Daflon for the treatment of venous diseases. Several studies demonstrated that this natural compound can induce apoptosis in different tumors. However, isolated diosmin has not been studied regarding its effects on glioblastoma so far. Since glioblastoma is a highly lethal and fast-growing brain tumor, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Herein, we evaluated the role of this flavonoid against glioblastoma cells using in vitro assays. Diosmin significantly reduced the viability of GBM95, GBM02, and U87MG glioblastoma cells, but not of healthy human astrocytes, as verified by MTT assay. Vimentin immunostaining showed that diosmin induced morphological changes in GBM95 and GBM02 cells, making them smaller and more polygonal. Diosmin did not inhibit GBM95 and GBM02 cell proliferation, but it caused DNA fragmentation, as verified by the TUNEL assay, and increased cleaved caspase-3 expression in these cells. In summary, diosmin is able to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis specifically in tumor cells and, therefore, could be considered a promising therapeutic compound against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Soares
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. F026, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bl. Bss17, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruna M DE Faria
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. F026, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas M Ascari
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bl. Bss17, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge M DE Souza
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio G Soares
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária/EMBRAPA, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Tecnologia Agroindustrial de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, 29501, 23020-470 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CCS, Bl. Bss17, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana F Romão
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bl. F026, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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