1
|
Ali A, Grillone K, Ascrizzi S, Caridà G, Fiorillo L, Ciliberto D, Staropoli N, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Di Martino MT. LNA-i-miR-221 activity in colorectal cancer: A reverse translational investigation. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102221. [PMID: 38868363 PMCID: PMC11168481 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and a relevant cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression has been associated with the development and progression of various cancers, including CRC. Among them, miR-221 emerged as an oncogenic driver, whose high expression is associated with poor patient prognosis. The present study was conceived to investigate the anti-CRC activity of miR-221 silencing based on early clinical data achieved from a first-in-human study by our group. Going back from bedside to bench, we demonstrated that LNA-i-miR-221 reduces cell viability, induces apoptosis in vitro, and impairs tumor growth in preclinical in vivo models of CRC. Importantly, we disclosed that miR-221 directly targets TP53BP2, which, together with TP53INP1, is known as a positive regulator of the TP53 apoptotic pathway. We found that (1) both these genes are overexpressed following miR-221 inhibition, (2) the strong anti-tumor activity of LNA-i-miR-221 was selectively observed on TP53 wild-type cells, and (3) this activity was reduced in the presence of the TP53-inhibitor Pifitrin-α. Our data pave the way to further investigations on TP53 functionality as a marker predictive of response to miR-221 silencing, which might be relevant for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Serena Ascrizzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulio Caridà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Fiorillo
- Phase 1 and Translational Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Ciliberto
- Phase 1 and Translational Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Staropoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Phase 1 and Translational Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Phase 1 and Translational Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Phase 1 and Translational Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, AOU Renato Dulbecco, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Y, Xue X, Chen W, Luo Y, Xiao C, Wei K. A target-triggered strand displacement-assisted target recycling based on carbon dots-based fluorescent probe and MSNs@PDA nanoparticles for miRNA amplified detection and fluorescence imaging. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:351. [PMID: 38806809 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A target-triggered strand displacement-assisted target recycling based on carbon dots-based fluorescent probe and mesoporous silica nanoparticles@polydopamine (MSNs@PDA) was established to detect miRNA. The surface of MSNs rich in mesopores was coated with a layer of PDA, which can adsorb and quench the fluorescence of single-stranded Fuel DNA with fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) modified at the end through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). After adding double-stranded DNA-gold nanoparticles (dsDNA-AuNPs) and target let-7a, it will trigger two toehold-mediated strand displacement reactions (TSDR), leading to the recovery of fluorescence and the recycling of target let-7a (excitation wavelength: 380 nm; emission wavelength: 458 nm). The recovery value of fluorescence is proportional to the logarithm of the target microRNA let-7a concentration, thus realizing the sensitivity amplification detection of disease markers. The MSNs@PDA@Fuel DNA-CDs/dsDNA-AuNPs nanoplatform based on the strategy of "on-off-on" and TSDR cyclic amplification may hold great potential as an effective and safe nanoprobe for accurate fluorescence imaging of diseases related to miRNA with low abundances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Gao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 382, Outer Ring East Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Xue
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 382, Outer Ring East Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 382, Outer Ring East Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yujia Luo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 382, Outer Ring East Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chujie Xiao
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 382, Outer Ring East Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wei
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, No. 382, Outer Ring East Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tang XL, Xu ZY, Guan J, Yao J, Tang XL, Zhou ZQ, Zhang ZY. Establishment of a neutrophil extracellular trap-related prognostic signature for colorectal cancer liver metastasis and expression validation of CYP4F3. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:112. [PMID: 38795162 PMCID: PMC11127854 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Liver metastasis stands as the primary contributor to mortality among patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) emerge as pivotal players in the progression and metastasis of cancer, showcasing promise as prognostic biomarkers. Our objective is to formulate a predictive model grounded in genes associated with neutrophil extracellular traps and identify novel therapeutic targets for combating CRLM. We sourced gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Neutrophil extracellular trap-related gene set was obtained from relevant literature and cross-referenced with the GEO datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through screening via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and random forest modeling, leading to the establishment of a nomogram and subtype analysis. Subsequently, a thorough analysis of the characteristic gene CYP4F3 was undertaken, and our findings were corroborated through immunohistochemical staining. We identified seven DEGs (ATG7, CTSG, CYP4F3, F3, IL1B, PDE4B, and TNF) and established nomograms for the occurrence and prognosis of CRLM. CYP4F3 is highly expressed in CRC and colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), exhibiting a negative correlation with CRLM prognosis. It may serve as a potential therapeutic target for CRLM. A novel prognostic signature related to NETs has been developed, with CYP4F3 identified as a risk factor and potential target for CRLM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Tang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zi-Yang Xu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiao Guan
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiao-Long Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, 8 Caobao Road, Shanghai, 200235, China.
| | - Zun-Qiang Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Zheng-Yun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang L, Ding W, Wu H, Zheng J. miR-497/195 Cluster Affects the Development of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting FRA1. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1019-1030. [PMID: 38147235 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01000-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The miR-497-195 cluster facilitates the occurrence and development of cancer. This study aims to investigate whether the miR-195-497 cluster could regulate the progression of colorectal cancer by regulating the common target gene, FOS-related antigen 1 (FRA1). Overexpression of the miR-195/497 vector was used to evaluate the effect of overexpression of miR-195-497 clusters on the biological behavior of colon cancer cells. In animal experiments, tumor growth and metastasis were recorded by constructing a nude mouse model of a subcutaneously implanted tumor. miR-195 and miR-497 were expressed to varying degrees in Caco-2, LoVo, and HT-29 cells. Overexpression of miR-195/497 and inhibition of FRA1 decreased HT-29 cell proliferation, inhibited cell invasion and migration, and promoted Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vivo experiments showed that the overexpression of miR-195/497 or inhibition of FRA1 inhibited tumor growth, affected EMT in tumor cells, and inhibited the expression of FRA1. Additionally, the aforementioned conditions had the best effect when used together. The miR-195-497 cluster can regulate the proliferation, EMT, invasion, and migration of colorectal cancer cells by regulating the common target gene FRA1, thereby affecting the development of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Hospital of Guizhou Panjiang Coal Power Group Co. Ltd, Panzhou, China
| | - Wanjun Ding
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxue Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Hospital of Guizhou Panjiang Coal Power Group Co. Ltd, Panzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang S, Chen F, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wang L, Wang X, Jia L, Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Deng B. SERS detection platform based on a nucleic acid aptamer-functionalized Au nano-dodecahedron array for efficient simultaneous testing of colorectal cancer-associated microRNAs. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3366-3381. [PMID: 38855705 PMCID: PMC11161369 DOI: 10.1364/boe.520161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection platform was constructed based on Au nano-dodecahedrons (AuNDs) functionalized with nucleic acid aptamer-specific binding and self-assembly techniques. SERS labels were prepared by modifying Raman signaling molecules and complementary aptamer chains and were bound on the aptamer-functionalized AuNDs array. Using this protocol, the limits of detection (LODs) of miR-21 and miR-18a in the serum were 6.8 pM and 7.6 pM, respectively, and the detection time was 5 min. Additionally, miR-21 and miR-18a were detected in the serum of a mouse model of colorectal cancer. The results of this protocol were consistent with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This method provides an efficient and rapid method for the simultaneous testing of miRNAs, which has great potential clinical value for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuofeng Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Fengsong Chen
- Gastroenterology Department, Nantong Haimen People's Hospital, Nantong 226600, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yemin Xu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xiya Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Long Jia
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yongcheng Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, 225001 Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ellakwa DES, Mushtaq N, Khan S, Jabbar A, Abdelmalek MA, Wadan AHS, Ellakwa TE, Raza A. Molecular functions of microRNAs in colorectal cancer: recent roles in proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03076-w. [PMID: 38619588 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03076-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
MiRNAs (microRNAs) constitute a group of diminutive molecules of non-coding RNA intricately involved in regulating gene expression. This regulation is primarily accomplished through the binding of miRNAs to complementary sequences situated in the 3'-UTR of the messenger RNA (mRNA) target; as a result, they are degraded or repressed. The multifaceted biogenesis of miRNAs is characterized by a meticulously orchestrated sequence of events encompassing transcription, processing, transportation, and decay. Colorectal cancer stands as a pervasive and formidable ailment, afflicting millions across the globe. Colorectal cancer is not well diagnosed early, and metastasis rates are high, which results in low survival rates in advanced stages. The genesis and progression of colorectal cancer are subject to the influence of genetic and epigenetic factors, among which miRNAs play a pivotal role. When it comes to colorectal cancer, miRNAs have a dual character, depending on the genes they target, functioning as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes and the prevailing cellular milieu. Their impact extends to modulating critical facets of colorectal cancer pathogenesis, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and radiotherapy response. The discernible potential of miRNAs which are used as biomarkers to diagnose colorectal cancer, prognosis, and treatment response has come to the forefront. Notably, miRNAs are easily found and detected readily in a variety of biological fluids, including saliva, blood, urine, and feces. This prominence is attributed to the inherent advantages of miRNAs over conventional biomarkers, including heightened stability, specificity, sensitivity, and accessibility. Various investigations have pinpointed miRNA signatures or panels capable of differentiating colorectal cancer patients from their healthy counterparts, predicting colorectal cancer stage and survival, and monitoring colorectal cancer recurrence and therapy response. Although there has been research on miRNAs in various diseases, there has been less research on miRNAs in cancer. Moreover, updated results of preclinical and clinical studies on miRNA biomarkers and drugs are required. Nevertheless, the integration of miRNAs as biomarkers for colorectal cancer is not devoid of challenges and limitations. These encompass the heterogeneity prevalent among colorectal cancer subtypes and stages, the variability in miRNA expression across different tissues and individuals, the absence of standardized methodologies for miRNA detection and quantification, and the imperative for validation through extensive clinical trials. Consequently, further research is imperative to conclusively establish the clinical utility and reliability of miRNAs as colorectal cancer biomarkers. MiR-21 demonstrates carcinogenic characteristics by targeting several tumor suppressor genes, which encourages cell division, invasion, and metastasis. On the other hand, by controlling the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, the tumor suppressor miRNA miR-34a prevents CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, in colorectal cancer, the miR-200 family increases chemotherapy sensitivity while suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). As an oncogene, the miR-17-92 cluster targets elements of the TGF-β signaling pathway to encourage the growth of CRC cells. Finally, miR-143/145, which is downregulated in CRC, influences apoptosis and the progression of the cell cycle. These miRNAs affect pathways like Wnt, TGF-β, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, and EMT, making them potential clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This review summarizes recent research related to miRNAs, their role in tumor progression and metastasis, and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer. In addition, we combined miRNAs' roles in tumorigenesis and development with the therapy of CRC patients, leading to novel perspectives on colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doha El-Sayed Ellakwa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantra Branch, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Nadia Mushtaq
- Department of Life Sciences, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sahrish Khan
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Takwa E Ellakwa
- Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Engel A, Rishik S, Hirsch P, Keller V, Fehlmann T, Kern F, Keller A. SingmiR: a single-cell miRNA alignment and analysis tool. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae225. [PMID: 38572750 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has revolutionized our understanding of cell biology, developmental and pathophysiological molecular processes, paving the way toward novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. However, most of the gene regulatory processes on the single-cell level are still unknown, including post-transcriptional control conferred by microRNAs (miRNAs). Like the established single-cell gene expression analysis, advanced computational expertise is required to comprehensively process newly emerging single-cell miRNA-seq datasets. A web server providing a workflow tailored for single-cell miRNA-seq data with a self-explanatory interface is currently not available. Here, we present SingmiR, enabling the rapid (pre-)processing and quantification of human miRNAs from noncoding single-cell samples. It performs read trimming for different library preparation protocols, generates automated quality control reports and provides feature-normalized count files. Numerous standard and advanced analyses such as dimension reduction, clustered feature heatmaps, sample correlation heatmaps and differential expression statistics are implemented. We aim to speed up the prototyping pipeline for biologists developing single-cell miRNA-seq protocols on small to medium-sized datasets. SingmiR is freely available to all users without the need for a login at https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/singmir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Engel
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Shusruto Rishik
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Pascal Hirsch
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Verena Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tobias Fehlmann
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Fabian Kern
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics (CLIB), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Clinical Bioinformatics (CLIB), Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kzar Al-Shukri HH, Abdul-Jabbar Ali S, Al-Akkam KA, Hjazi A, Rasulova I, Mustafa YF, Al-Saidi DN, Alasheqi MQ, Alawadi A, Alsaalamy A. The role of exo-miRNA in diagnosis and treatment of cancers, focusing on effective miRNAs in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:280-289. [PMID: 38225535 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Small extracellular (EV) particles known as exosomes are released by a variety of cell types, including immune system cells, stem cells, and tumor cells. They are regarded as a subgroup of EVs and have a diameter that ranges from 30 to 150 nm. Proteins, lipids, nucleic acids (including RNA and DNA), and different bioactive compounds are among the wide range of biomolecules that make up the cargo of exosomes. Exosomes are crucial for intercellular communication because they let cells share information and signaling chemicals. They are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses, tissue regeneration, cancer progression, and neurodegenerative diseases. In conclusion, it is essential to continue research into exosome-based cancer medicines to advance understanding, improve treatment plans, create personalized tactics, ensure safety, and speed up clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah H Kzar Al-Shukri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, Uzbekistan
- Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Dahlia N Al-Saidi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hashemi M, Esbati N, Rashidi M, Gholami S, Raesi R, Bidoki SS, Goharrizi MASB, Motlagh YSM, Khorrami R, Tavakolpournegari A, Nabavi N, Zou R, Mohammadnahal L, Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K. Biological landscape and nanostructural view in development and reversal of oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101846. [PMID: 38042134 PMCID: PMC10716031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer patients has been mainly followed using chemotherapy and it is a gold standard in improving prognosis and survival rate of patients. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a third-platinum anti-cancer agent that reduces DNA synthesis in cancer cells to interfere with their growth and cell cycle progression. In spite of promising results of using OXA in cancer chemotherapy, the process of drug resistance has made some challenges. OXA is commonly applied in treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) as a malignancy of gastrointestinal tract and when CRC cells increase their proliferation and metastasis, they can obtain resistance to OXA chemotherapy. A number of molecular factors such as CHK2, SIRT1, c-Myc, LATS2 and FOXC1 have been considered as regulators of OXA response in CRC cells. The non-coding RNAs are able to function as master regulator of other molecular pathways in modulating OXA resistance. There is a close association between molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, glycolysis and EMT with OXA resistance, so that apoptosis inhibition, pro-survival autophagy induction and stimulation of EMT and glycolysis can induce OXA resistance in CRC cells. A number of anti-tumor compounds including astragaloside IV, resveratrol and nobiletin are able to enhance OXA sensitivity in CRC cells. Nanoparticles for increasing potential of OXA in CRC suppression and reversing OXA resistance have been employed in cancer chemotherapy. These subjects are covered in this review article to shed light on molecular factors resulting in OXA resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Esbati
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sadaf Gholami
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahabadin Bidoki
- Faculty of medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rongjun Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Leila Mohammadnahal
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lawler T, Parlato L, Warren Andersen S. Racial disparities in colorectal cancer clinicopathological and molecular tumor characteristics: a systematic review. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:223-239. [PMID: 37688643 PMCID: PMC11090693 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE African Americans have the highest colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality of all racial groups in the USA, which may relate to differences in healthcare access or advanced stage at diagnosis. Recent evidence indicates that differences in tumor characteristics may also underlie disparities in mortality. To highlight recent findings and areas for investigation, we completed the first systematic review of racial disparities in CRC tumor prognostic markers, including clinicopathological markers, microsatellite instability (MSI), oncogene mutations, and novel markers, including cancer stem cells and immune markers. METHODS Relevant studies were identified via PubMed, limited to original research published within the last 10 years. Ninety-six articles were identified that compared the prevalence of mortality-related CRC tumor characteristics in African Americans (or other African ancestry populations) to White cases. RESULTS Tumors from African ancestry cases are approximately 10% more likely to contain mutations in KRAS, which confer elevated mortality and resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition. Conversely, African Americans have approximately 50% lower odds for BRAF-mutant tumors, which occur less frequently but have similar effects on mortality and therapeutic resistance. There is less consistent evidence supporting disparities in mutations for other oncogenes, including PIK3CA, TP53, APC, NRAS, HER2, and PTEN, although higher rates of PIK3CA mutations and lower prevalence of MSI status for African ancestry cases are supported by recent evidence. Although emerging evidence suggests that immune markers reflecting anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment may be lower for African American cases, there is insufficient evidence to evaluate disparities in other novel markers, cancer stem cells, microRNAs, and the consensus molecular subtypes. CONCLUSION Higher rates of KRAS-mutant tumors in in African Americans may contribute to disparities in CRC mortality. Additional work is required to understand whether emerging markers, including immune cells, underlie the elevated CRC mortality observed for African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lawler
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lisa Parlato
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shaneda Warren Andersen
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Suite 1007B, WARF, 610 Walnut Street, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yin D, Yang L, Feng X, Zhai X, Hua M, Liu J, Chen Y. Circ_0007422 Knockdown Inhibits Tumor Property and Immune Escape of Colorectal Cancer by Decreasing PDL1 Expression in a miR-1256-Dependent Manner. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-023-01040-2. [PMID: 38253900 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of important molecules involved in the progression of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aim to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of circ_0007422 in regulating CRC malignant progression. The expression levels of circ_0007422, miR-1256, and PDL1 were detected by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and self-replication ability were analyzed by CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry, transwell, and spheroid formation experiments, respectively. Protein levels were determined by western blotting assay. CRC cells were co-cultured with CD8 + T cells, phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), or cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in vitro, and CD8 + T-cell apoptosis, IFN-γ and TNF-α levels, and survival rate of CRC cells were analyzed to reveal the role of circ_0007422 in antitumor immunity. The relationship between miR-1256 and circ_0007422 or PDL1 was identified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. A xenograft tumor model was established to verify the function of circ_0007422 in tumor growth in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was used to detect positive expression rates of Ki67, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and PDL1 expression in primary tumors from CRC cells. Circ_0007422 was upregulated in CRC tissues and cells and its knockdown inhibited proliferation, invasion, self-replication ability, and immune escape and promoted apoptosis of CRC cells. Additionally, circ_0007422 bound to miR-1256, which was identified to target PDL1. MiR-1256 inhibition reversed the effects of circ_0007422 knockdown on the tumor properties and immune escape of CRC cells. Moreover, miR-1256 introduction interacted with PDL1 to suppress proliferation, invasion, self-replication ability, and immune escape and promote apoptosis of CRC cells. Further, circ_0007422 knockdown hampered tumorigenesis of CRC cells in vivo. Circ_0007422 knockdown inhibited tumor property and immune escape of colorectal cancer through the miR-1256/PDL1 pathway, providing a potential novel therapeutic target for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Yin
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu Feng
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhai
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Hua
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Oncology, Nantong First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, 226000, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu X, Yang C, Sun F, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Zheng F. Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) Enhances Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis Through HDAC3/miR-139-3p Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10621-4. [PMID: 38244157 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is believed to promote the malignant process of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the underlying molecular mechanism still needs to be revealed. CRC cells (SW480 and HCT-116) were treated with ETBF strain. Cell proliferation, invasion and, migration were evaluated by cell counting kit 8 assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and wound healing assay. Protein expression was analyzed by western blot. MicroRNA (miR)-139-3p and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) expression levels in tissues and cells were determined by qRT-PCR. Xenograft tumor model was conducted to evaluate the effect of miR-139-3p on CRC tumor growth. ETBF treatment could promote CRC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. MiR-139-3p expression was decreased by ETBF, and its overexpression reversed the effect of ETBF on CRC cell progression. HDAC3 negatively regulated miR-139-3p expression, and its overexpression facilitated CRC cell behaviors via reducing miR-139-3p expression. Moreover, HDAC3 expression was increased by ETBF, and its knockdown also abolished ETBF-mediated CRC cell progression. Additionally, miR-139-3p overexpression could reduce CRC tumor growth in vivo. ETBF aggravated CRC proliferation and metastasis via the regulation of HDAC3/miR-139-3p axis. The discovery of ETBF/HDAC3/miR-139-3p axis may provide a new direction for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Danzhou People's Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Danzhou City, Hainan, China
| | - Chengrui Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Danzhou People's Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Danzhou City, Hainan, China
| | - Fangyuan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Danzhou People's Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Danzhou City, Hainan, China
| | - Yanzhong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Danzhou People's Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Danzhou City, Hainan, China
| | - Yanliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Danzhou People's Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Danzhou City, Hainan, China
| | - Xuzhao Li
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750011, Ningxia, China
| | - Fengxian Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Danzhou People's Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 21-1, Datong Road, Nada Town, Danzhou City, 571747, Hainan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saffar KN, Larypoor M, Torbati MB. Analyzing of colorectal cancerrelated genes and microRNAs expression profiles in response to probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in colon cancer cell lines. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:122. [PMID: 38227272 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09008-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the world's third most frequent cancer and the fourth cause of mortality. Probiotics play an important function in preventing metastasis as well as the growth and proliferation of malignant cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The study investigated the anticancer effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus supernatant and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on colorectal cell lines, including HT29 and SW480 as a colorectal cancer model. The extract from the Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae standard probiotics were prepared, and probiotics characterization was confirmed by morphological and Biochemical tests. The viability of HT29 and SW480 colon cancer cell lines on effecting probiotic supernatant was evaluated by measuring the MTT colorimetric method. Comparison of the expression profile of several genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, and metastatic pathway in HT29 and SW480 cell lines with the treatment of probiotics extract showed an upregulation in the BAX, CASP3, and CASP9 and down regulation BCl-2, MMP2, and MMP9 genes. Also, a comparison of microRNA expression profiles indicated an increase of miR 34, 135, 25, 16, 195, 27, 98, let7 and a decrease of miR 9, 106b, 17, 21, 155, 221. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION The findings of this study indicate that probiotics can effectively suppress the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and even reverse their development. Additionally, the study of cellular genes and miRNA profiles associated with colorectal cancer have demonstrated that our probiotics play a crucial role in CRC prevention by increasing the expression of tumor suppressor microRNAs and their target genes while decreasing oncogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Naderi Saffar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Larypoor
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Bikhof Torbati
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, YadegarEmam Khomeini Branch, Shahre-Rey, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Muñoz-Gallardo MDM, Garcia-Padilla C, Vicente-Garcia C, Carvajal J, Arenega A, Franco D. miR-195b is required for proper cellular homeostasis in the elderly. Sci Rep 2024; 14:810. [PMID: 38191655 PMCID: PMC10774362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade we have witnessed an increasing number of studies revealing the functional role of non-coding RNAs in a multitude of biological processes, including cellular homeostasis, proliferation and differentiation. Impaired expression of non-coding RNAs can cause distinct pathological conditions, including herein those affecting the gastrointestinal and cardiorespiratory systems, respectively. miR-15/miR-16/miR-195 family members have been broadly implicated in multiple biological processes, including regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism within distinct tissues, such as heart, liver and lungs. While the functional contribution of miR-195a has been reported in multiple biological contexts, the role of miR-195b remains unexplored. In this study we dissected the functional role of miR-195b by generating CRISPR-Cas9 gene edited miR-195b deficient mice. Our results demonstrate that miR-195b is dispensable for embryonic development. miR-195b-/- mice are fertile and displayed no gross anatomical and/or morphological defects. Mechanistically, cell cycle regulation, metabolism and oxidative stress markers are distinctly impaired in the heart, liver and lungs of aged mice, a condition that is not overtly observed at midlife. The lack of overt functional disarray during embryonic development and early adulthood might be due to temporal and tissue-specific compensatory mechanisms driven by selective upregulation miR-15/miR-16/miR-195 family members. Overall, our data demonstrated that miR-195b is dispensable for embryonic development and adulthood but is required for cellular homeostasis in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Jaime Carvajal
- Andalusian Centre of Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA), Seville, Spain
| | - Amelia Arenega
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain.
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yalav O, Sonmezler O, Erdogan KE, Rencuzogullari A, Doran F, Bisgin A, Boga I. Pre-operative Neo-adjuvant Chemotherapy Related miRNAs as Key Regulators and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer. Curr Aging Sci 2024; 17:49-57. [PMID: 37723961 DOI: 10.2174/1874609816666230816152744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In colorectal cancer, the investigation of cancer pathogenesis and the determination of the relevant gene and gene pathways is particularly important to provide a basis for treatment-oriented studies. miRNAs which affect gene regulation in the molecular pathogenesis of cancer, have an active role in carcinogenesis. In the literature, miRNA expression levels have been associated with metastasis and prognosis in different cancers. OBJECTIVE In our study, expression profiling of miRNAs involved in oncogenic and apoptotic pathways in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy was performed. METHODS miRNAs were isolated from three different FFPE tissue samples taken at different times of the same patient (tumor tissue taken at the time of diagnosis, normal tissue samples, and after neoadjuvant therapy). The expression analysis of 84 miRNAs determined by PCR array (Fluidigm, USA) and mediated meta-analysis was performed comparatively to each study and non-cancerous control group. Evaluations were performed with ΔΔCT calculations. RESULTS As a result of the miRNA PCR array study, in addition to differences were observed in miRNA expression between control and study groups. The potential biomarkers which were hsamiR- 215-5p, hsa-miR-9-59, hsa-miR-193a-5p, hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-96-5p have been detected for possible treatment resistance, prognosis and predispositions to cancers. CONCLUSION In patients with colorectal cancer, miRNA expression in the tumoral regions before and after neoadjuvant therapy has represented a variable pattern. It has been shown that miRNA studies can be used to predict the clinical course and response to treatment with differences in expression levels. It has been concluded that specific miRNAs may be candidate biomarkers for colorectal cancer..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orcun Yalav
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ozge Sonmezler
- AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center), Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
- Biotechnology Department, Cukurova University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Turkey
| | - Kivilcim Eren Erdogan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Rencuzogullari
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Figen Doran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Turkey
| | - Atil Bisgin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center) & Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Boga
- AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center), Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University AGENTEM (Adana Genetic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center) & Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ravichandran SN, Kumar MM, Das A, Banerjee A, Veronica S, Sun-Zhang A, Zhang H, Anbalagan M, Sun XF, Pathak S. An Updated Review on Molecular Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Therapy of Colorectal Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:595-611. [PMID: 38031267 DOI: 10.2174/0115680096270555231113074003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancer types worldwide. Since colorectal cancer takes time to develop, its incidence and mortality can be treated effectively if it is detected in its early stages. As a result, non-invasive or invasive biomarkers play an essential role in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Many experimental studies have been carried out to assess genetic, epigenetic, or protein markers in feces, serum, and tissue. It may be possible to find biomarkers that will help with the diagnosis of colorectal cancer by identifying the genes, RNAs, and/or proteins indicative of cancer growth. Recent advancements in the molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer, DNA methylation, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, exosomes, and their involvement in colorectal cancer have led to the discovery of novel biomarkers. In small-scale investigations, most biomarkers appear promising. However, large-scale clinical trials are required to validate their effectiveness before routine clinical implementation. Hence, this review focuses on small-scale investigations and results of big data analysis that may provide an overview of the biomarkers for the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Nagainallur Ravichandran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Makalakshmi Murali Kumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Alakesh Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| | - Suhanya Veronica
- Department of Medical Microbiology and NanoBiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Świerkowa, s20 B15-328, Białystok, Poland
| | - Alexander Sun-Zhang
- Department of Oncology- Pathology, BioClinicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Fakultetsgatan 1, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Muralidharan Anbalagan
- School of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA70112, United States
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mohammadpour S, Noukabadi FN, Esfahani AT, Kazemi F, Esmaeili S, Zafarjafarzadeh N, Sarpash S, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E. Non-coding RNAs in Precursor Lesions of Colorectal Cancer: Their Role in Cancer Initiation and Formation. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:565-575. [PMID: 37226783 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230523155719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's most common types of malignancy. The proliferation of precancerous lesions causes this type of cancer. Two distinct pathways for CRC carcinogenesis have been identified: the conventional adenoma-carcinoma pathway and the serrated neoplasia pathway. Recently, evidence has demonstrated the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the initiation and progression of precancerous lesions, especially in the adenoma-carcinoma pathway and serrated neoplasia pathway. By expanding the science of molecular genetics and bioinformatics, several studies have identified dysregulated ncRNAs that function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in cancer initiation and formation by diverse mechanisms via intracellular signaling pathways known to act on tumor cells. However, many of their roles are still unclear. This review summarizes the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs (such as long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, long intergenic non-coding RNAs, small interfering RNAs, and circRNAs) in the initiation and formation of precancerous lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Mohammadpour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naderi Noukabadi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Torshizi Esfahani
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Esmaeili
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Zafarjafarzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - SeyedKasra Sarpash
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wanram S, Klaewkla N, Pinyosri P. Downregulation of Serum miR-133b and miR-206 Associate with Clinical Outcomes of Progression as Monitoring Biomarkers for Metastasis Colorectal Cancer Patients. Microrna 2024; 13:56-62. [PMID: 38231064 DOI: 10.2174/0122115366266024240101075745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. Noncoding RNAs or microRNAs (miRNAs; miRs) biomarkers can play a role in cancer carcinogenesis and progression. Specific KRAS and EGFR mutation are associated with CRC development playing a role in controlling the cellular process as epigenetic events. Circulating serum miRs can serve for early diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of CRC as biomarkers but it is still unclear, clinically. OBJECTIVE To determine potential biomarkers of circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 in CRC patients Methods: Bioinformatic prediction of microRNA was screened followed by TargetScanHuman7.2, miRTar2GO, miRDB, MiRanda, and DIANA-microT-CDS. Forty-four CRC serum (19 locally advanced, 23 distant advanced CRC) and 12 normal serum samples were subsequently extracted for RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, and miR validation. The candidate circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 were validated resulting in a relative expression via quantitative RT-PCR. Relative expression was normalized to the spike-internal control and compared to normal samples as 1 using the -2ΔΔCt method in principle. RESULTS Our results represented 9 miRs of miR-206, miR-155-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-193a-3p, miR-30a- 5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-30e-5p, miR-543, miR-877-5p relate to KRAS-specific miRs, whereas, 9 miRs of miR-133b, miR-302a-3p, miR-302b-3p, miR-302d-3p, miR-302e, miR-520a-3p, miR-520b, miR-520c- 3p and miR-7-5p relevance to EGFR-specific miRs by using the bioinformatic prediction tools. Our results showed a decreased expression level of circulating serum miR-133b as well as miR-206 associating with CRC patients (local and advanced metastasis) when compared to normal (P < 0.05), significantly. CONCLUSION The circulating serum miR-133b and miR-206 can serve as significant biomarkers for monitoring the clinical outcome of progression with metastatic CRC patients. Increased drug-responsive CRC patients associated with crucial molecular intervention should be further explored, clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Wanram
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
- Biomedical Science Research Unit, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Namphon Klaewkla
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Parichart Pinyosri
- Biomedical Science Research Unit, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Marcellinaro R, Spoletini D, Grieco M, Avella P, Cappuccio M, Troiano R, Lisi G, Garbarino GM, Carlini M. Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2023; 13:40. [PMID: 38202047 PMCID: PMC10780254 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a frequent neoplasm in western countries, mainly due to dietary and behavioral factors. Its incidence is growing in developing countries for the westernization of foods and lifestyles. An increased incidence rate is observed in patients under 45 years of age. In recent years, the mortality for CRC is decreased, but this trend is slowing. The mortality rate is reducing in those countries where prevention and treatments have been implemented. The survival is increased to over 65%. This trend reflects earlier detection of CRC through routine clinical examinations and screening, more accurate staging through advances in imaging, improvements in surgical techniques, and advances in chemotherapy and radiation. The most important predictor of survival is the stage at diagnosis. The screening programs are able to reduce incidence and mortality rates of CRC. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of incidence, mortality, and survival rate for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Marcellinaro
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Domenico Spoletini
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Michele Grieco
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Pasquale Avella
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.A.); (M.C.)
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, 81030 Caserta, Italy
| | - Micaela Cappuccio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (P.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Raffaele Troiano
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Giorgio Lisi
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanni M. Garbarino
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimo Carlini
- Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (M.G.); (R.T.); (G.L.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fattahi M, Rezaee D, Fakhari F, Najafi S, Aghaei-Zarch SM, Beyranvand P, Rashidi MA, Bagheri-Mohammadi S, Zamani-Rarani F, Bakhtiari M, Bakhtiari A, Falahi S, Kenarkoohi A, Majidpoor J, Nguyen PU. microRNA-184 in the landscape of human malignancies: a review to roles and clinical significance. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:423. [PMID: 38001121 PMCID: PMC10673883 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a short length of 19-22 nucleotides. miRNAs are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression involved in various biological processes like cell growth, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. miR-184 is a well-studied miRNA, for which most studies report its downregulation in cancer cells and tissues and experiments support its role as a tumor suppressor inhibiting malignant biological behaviors of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. To exert its functions, miR-184 affects some signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis like Wnt and β-catenin, and AKT/mTORC1 pathway, oncogenic factors (e.g., c-Myc) or apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2. Interestingly, clinical investigations have shown miR-184 with good performance as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker for various cancers. Additionally, exogenous miR-184 in cell and xenograft animal studies suggest it as a therapeutic anticancer target. In this review, we outline the studies that evaluated the roles of miR-184 in tumorigenesis as well as its clinical significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Delsuz Rezaee
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fakhari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Beyranvand
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rashidi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Zamani-Rarani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Bakhtiari
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Medical Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahab Falahi
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Azra Kenarkoohi
- Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Disease Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - P U Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fadaka AO, Akinsoji T, Klein A, Madiehe AM, Meyer M, Keyster M, Sikhwivhilu LM, Sibuyi NRS. Stage-specific treatment of colorectal cancer: A microRNA-nanocomposite approach. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1235-1251. [PMID: 38174117 PMCID: PMC10759263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the leading causes of cancer mortality. The lifetime risk of developing CRC is about 5% in adult males and females. CRC is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, and at this point therapy has a limited impact on cure rates and long-term survival. Novel and/or improved CRC therapeutic options are needed. The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer development has been reported, and their regulation in many oncogenic pathways suggests their potent tumor suppressor action. Although miRNAs provide a promising therapeutic approach for cancer, challenges such as biodegradation, specificity, stability and toxicity, impede their progression into clinical trials. Nanotechnology strategies offer diverse advantages for the use of miRNAs for CRC-targeted delivery and therapy. The merits of using nanocarriers for targeted delivery of miRNA-formulations are presented herein to highlight the role they can play in miRNA-based CRC therapy by targeting different stages of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Department of Anesthesia, Division of Pain Management, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Taiwo Akinsoji
- School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Lucky Mashudu Sikhwivhilu
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Johannesburg, 2125, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Johannesburg, 2125, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu CC, Hou BC, Yang YH, Li XF, Ma HC, Li BX. Circ_0084188 promotes colorectal cancer progression by sponging miR-654-3p and regulating kruppel-like factor 12. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:1062-1076. [PMID: 37698263 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the biological role and mechanism of circ_0084188 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay were used to detect RNA levels and protein levels in CRC cell lines (HCT116 and SW480), respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were measured by transwell assay. Sphere formation efficiency was determined by sphere formation assay. The interaction between microRNA-654-3p (miR-654-3p) and circ_0084188 or Kruppel-like factor 12 (KLF12) was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. Xenograft in CRC mice model was utilized for exploring the role of circ_0084188 in vivo.Circ_0084188 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and cells. Circ_0084188 silencing suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Circ_0084188 acted as a sponge for miR-654-3p, and circ_0084188 regulated CRC cell behaviors via sponging miR-654-3p. Moreover, KLF12 was a target of miR-654-3p, and miR-654-3p overexpression inhibited the malignant behaviors of CRC cells by downregulating KLF12. Mechanically, circ_0084188 sponged miR-654-3p to regulate KLF12 expression in CRC cells. In addition, circ_0084188 downregulation inhibited tumor growth in vivo.Circ_0084188 knockdown might repress CRC progression partially via regulating the miR-654-3p/KLF12 axis, providing a novel insight into the pathogenesis of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Bai-Chun Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yu-Han Yang
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Xue-Feng Li
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hong-Chao Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Bin-Xian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ahmad MS, Braoudaki M, Patel H, Ahmad I, Shagufta, Siddiqui SS. Novel Siglec-15-Sia axis inhibitor leads to colorectal cancer cell death by targeting miR-6715b-3p and oncogenes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254911. [PMID: 37869015 PMCID: PMC10587484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Siglecs are well known immunotherapeutic targets in cancer. Current checkpoint inhibitors have exhibited limited efficacy, prompting a need for novel therapeutics for targets such as Siglec-15. Presently, small molecule inhibitors targeting Siglec-15 are not explored alongside characterised regulatory mechanisms involving microRNAs in CRC progression. Therefore, a small molecule inhibitor to target Siglec-15 was elucidated in vitro and microRNA mediated inhibitor effects were investigated. Our research findings demonstrated that the SHG-8 molecule exerted significant cytotoxicity on cell viability, migration, and colony formation, with an IC50 value of approximately 20µM. SHG-8 exposure induced late apoptosis in vitro in SW480 CRC cells. Notably, miR-6715b-3p was the most upregulated miRNA in high-throughput sequencing, which was also validated via RT-qPCR. MiR-6715b-3p may regulate PTTG1IP, a potential oncogene which was validated via RT-qPCR and in silico analysis. Additionally, molecular docking studies revealed SHG-8 interactions with the Siglec-15 binding pocket with the binding affinity of -5.4 kcal/mol, highlighting its role as a small molecule inhibitor. Importantly, Siglec-15 and PD-L1 are expressed on mutually exclusive cancer cell populations, suggesting the potential for combination therapies with PD-L1 antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saqif Ahmad
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Braoudaki
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Hershna Patel
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shagufta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shoib Sarwar Siddiqui
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wei MY, Arafat Y, Lee M, Kosmider S, Loft M, Faragher I, Gibbs P, Yeung JM. Emerging trends in the prediction of pathological tumour response in rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2285-2286. [PMID: 36716258 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Y Wei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yasser Arafat
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne Kosmider
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Loft
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Faragher
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Gibbs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justin M Yeung
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen W, Chen Y, Hui T. microRNA-143 interferes the EGFR-stimulated glucose metabolism to re-sensitize 5-FU resistant colon cancer cells via targeting hexokinase 2. J Chemother 2023; 35:539-549. [PMID: 36546770 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2022.2157617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the frequently used chemotherapeutic agents against colorectal cancer (CRC). However, 5-FU treatment remains clinical challenges since a large fraction of patients with CRC developed resistance to 5-FU-based chemotherapies. Hexokinase 2 (HK II), coding for a rate-limiting enzyme of glutamine metabolism, is responsible for the dysregulated glycolysis of cancers. In this study, we report epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HK II were overexpressed in colon cancers and positively correlated with 5-FU resistance of CRC. In addition, expression of miR-143 was remarkedly suppressed in 5-FU resistant CRC patients and colon cancer cells. Moreover, miR-143 expression was effectively downregulated by EGFR and inversely associated with HK II expression in CRC cells. We identified HK II as a direct target of miR-143 in colon cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-143 inhibited glycolysis rate through direct targeting HK II, leading to re-sensitization of 5-FU resistant colon cancer cells to 5-FU treatment. Rescue experiments validated that recovering HK II in miR-143-overexpressing cells restored 5-FU resistance of CRC cells. In general, our study reveals critical roles of miR-143, which is a downstream effector of EGFR in 5-FU resistant CRC cells through direct targeting HK II, indicating miR-143 is an effectively therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with chemoresistant CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Chen
- Department of Anorectal, Xinchang Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Anorectal, Xinchang Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Hui
- Department of Anorectal, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pordel S, Khorrami M, Saadatpour F, Rezaee D, Cho WC, Jahani S, Aghaei-Zarch SM, Hashemi E, Najafi S. The role of microRNA-185 in the pathogenesis of human diseases: A focus on cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154729. [PMID: 37639952 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a widely-studied class of non-coding RNAs characterized by their short length (18-25 nucleotides). The precise functions of miRNAs are not well-elucidated; however, an increasing number of studies suggest their involvement in various physiologic processes and deregulation in pathologic conditions. miRNA-185 (miR-185) is among the mostly-studied miRNAs in human diseases, which is found to play putative roles in conditions like metabolic disorders, asthma, frailty, schizophrenia, and hepatitis. Notably, many cancer studies report the downregulation of miR-185 in cell lines, tumor tissues, and plasma specimens of patients, while it demonstrates a suppressing role on the malignant properties of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, miR-185 can be considered a tumor suppressor miRNA in human malignancies, while a few studies also report inconsistent findings. Being suggested as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker, mi-185 is also found to offer clinical potentials, particularly for early diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we have outlined the studies that have evaluated the functions and clinical significance of miR-185 in different human diseases with a particular focus on cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safoora Pordel
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Immunology and Allergy, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Motahare Khorrami
- Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Saadatpour
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delsuz Rezaee
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Hashemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Theron D, Hopkins LN, Sutherland HG, Griffiths LR, Fernandez F. Can Genetic Markers Predict the Sporadic Form of Alzheimer's Disease? An Updated Review on Genetic Peripheral Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13480. [PMID: 37686283 PMCID: PMC10488021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Although the research over the last decades has provided new insight into AD pathophysiology, there is currently no cure for the disease. AD is often only diagnosed once the symptoms have become prominent, particularly in the late-onset (sporadic) form of AD. Consequently, it is essential to further new avenues for early diagnosis. With recent advances in genomic analysis and a lower cost of use, the exploration of genetic markers alongside RNA molecules can offer a key avenue for early diagnosis. We have here provided a brief overview of potential genetic markers differentially expressed in peripheral tissues in AD cases compared to controls, as well as considering the changes to the dynamics of RNA molecules. By integrating both genotype and RNA changes reported in AD, biomarker profiling can be key for developing reliable AD diagnostic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danelda Theron
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lloyd N. Hopkins
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Heidi G. Sutherland
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Francesca Fernandez
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gao J, Chen J, Huang X, Zheng Y, Hu K. Circular RNA circ_0058123 Targets the miR-939-5p/RAC1 Pathway to Promote the Development of Colorectal Cancer. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10485-8. [PMID: 37642813 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) can be used as a potential target for cancer treatment. However, the biological function and potential molecular mechanism of circ_0058123 in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) are still unclear. The expression levels of circ_0058123, microRNA-939-5p (miR-939-5p) and Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot assay. 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay, transwell assay, tube formation assay and flow cytometry apoptosis assay were conducted to assess CRC cell functions. In addition, protein expression was measured with western blot assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were conducted to confirm the relationships between miR-939-5p and circ_0058123, and miR-939-5p and RAC1. In vivo CRC tumor growth experiment also were carried out to determine circ_0058123-mediatede effects on tumor formation. Our data showed that circ_0058123 and RAC1 expression were increased, but miR-939-5p was decreased in both of CRC tissues and cell lines. Circ_0058123 depletion repressed CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation but promoted cell apoptosis. Down-regulation of circ_0058123 could significantly suppress the CRC progression, while the addition of miR-939-5p inhibitor could reverse this effect. Circ_0058123 directly targeted miR-939-5p, and RAC1 was a target of miR-939-5p. Furthermore, RAC1 overexpression could rescue the effect of miR-939-5p on CRC development. Lastly, silence of circ_0058123 inhibited CRC tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, circ_0058123 could promote CRC progression through regulating the miR-939-5p/RAC1 axis and may be a valuable biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Nanping, 353023, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Nanping, 353023, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Nanping, 353023, China
| | - Yiping Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Nanping, 353023, China
| | - Kongwang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Slott S, Krüger-Jensen CS, Ferreira da Silva I, Pedersen NB, Astakhova K. Mutations in microRNA-128-2-3p identified with amplification-free hybridization assay. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289556. [PMID: 37607185 PMCID: PMC10443835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a quantitative detection method for mutated microRNA in human plasma samples. Specific oligonucleotides designed from a Peyrard-Bishop model allowed accurate prediction of target:probe recognition affinity and specificity. Our amplification-free tandem bead-based hybridization assay had limit of detection of 2.2 pM. Thereby, the assay allowed identification of single-nucleotide polymorphism mismatch profiles in clinically relevant microRNA-128-2-3p, showing terminal mutations that correlate positively with inflammatory colitis and colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Slott
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Izabela Ferreira da Silva
- Programa Interunidades de Pós-Graduacão em Bioinformática, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Core, Luxembourg Centre For Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, House of Biomedicine II, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Nadia Bom Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kira Astakhova
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Guo S, Chen M, Li S, Geng Z, Jin Y, Liu D. Natural Products Treat Colorectal Cancer by Regulating miRNA. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1122. [PMID: 37631037 PMCID: PMC10459054 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases are evolving as living standards continue to improve. Cancer is the main cause of death and a major public health problem that seriously threatens human life. Colorectal cancer is one of the top ten most common malignant tumors in China, ranking second after gastric cancer among gastrointestinal malignant tumors, and its incidence rate is increasing dramatically each year due to changes in the dietary habits and lifestyle of the world's population. Although conventional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have profoundly impacted the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), drug resistance and toxicity remain substantial challenges. Natural products, such as dietary therapeutic agents, are considered the safest alternative for treating CRC. In addition, there is substantial evidence that natural products can induce apoptosis, inhibit cell cycle arrest, and reduce the invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by targeting and regulating the expression and function of miRNAs. Here, we summarize the recent research findings on the miRNA-regulation-based antitumor mechanisms of various active ingredients in natural products, highlighting how natural products target miRNA regulation in colon cancer prevention and treatment. The application of natural drug delivery systems and predictive disease biomarkers in cancer prevention and treatment is also discussed. Such approaches will contribute to the discovery of new regulatory mechanisms associated with disease pathways and provide a new theoretical basis for developing novel colon cancer drugs and compounds and identifying new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (S.G.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (Z.G.)
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (S.G.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (Z.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ascrizzi S, Arillotta GM, Grillone K, Caridà G, Signorelli S, Ali A, Romeo C, Tassone P, Tagliaferri P. Lynch Syndrome Biopathology and Treatment: The Potential Role of microRNAs in Clinical Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3930. [PMID: 37568746 PMCID: PMC10417124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS), also known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome which causes about 2-3% of cases of colorectal carcinoma. The development of LS is due to the genetic and epigenetic inactivation of genes involved in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, causing an epiphenomenon known as microsatellite instability (MSI). Despite the fact that the genetics of the vast majority of MSI-positive (MSI+) cancers can be explained, the etiology of this specific subset is still poorly understood. As a possible new mechanism, it has been recently demonstrated that the overexpression of certain microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), such as miR-155, miR-21, miR-137, can induce MSI or modulate the expression of the genes involved in LS pathogenesis. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by playing a critical role in the modulation of key oncogenic pathways. Increasing evidence of the link between MSI and miRNAs in LS prompted a deeper investigation into the miRNome involved in these diseases. In this regard, in this study, we discuss the emerging role of miRNAs as crucial players in the onset and progression of LS as well as their potential use as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the current view of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Ascrizzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Grazia Maria Arillotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Giulio Caridà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Stefania Signorelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Caterina Romeo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
- Medical Oncology and Translational Medical Oncology Units, University Hospital Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.A.); (K.G.); (G.C.); (S.S.); (A.A.); (C.R.); (P.T.)
- Medical Oncology and Translational Medical Oncology Units, University Hospital Renato Dulbecco, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hu X, Lu Y, Zhou J, Wang L, Zhang M, Mao Y, Chen Z. Progress of regulatory RNA in small extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1225965. [PMID: 37519298 PMCID: PMC10382209 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1225965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with the second highest mortality rate and the third highest incidence rate. Early diagnosis and treatment are important measures to reduce CRC mortality. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as key mediators that facilitate communication between tumor cells and various other cells, playing a significant role in the growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. Regulatory RNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC, serving as crucial factors in promoting CRC cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and immune cell differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the vital role of sEVs as biomarkers in CRC diagnosis and their potential application in CRC treatment, highlighting their importance as a promising avenue for further research and clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Hu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yukang Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lanfeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yiping Mao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shibamoto J, Arita T, Konishi H, Kataoka S, Furuke H, Takaki W, Kiuchi J, Shimizu H, Yamamoto Y, Komatsu S, Shiozaki A, Kuriu Y, Otsuji E. Roles of miR-4442 in Colorectal Cancer: Predicting Early Recurrence and Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1414. [PMID: 37510319 PMCID: PMC10378884 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with a poor prognosis. We aimed to identify circulating microRNAs that are biomarkers of early CRC recurrence and elucidate their functions. We identified miR-4442 as a candidate biomarker by microRNA array analysis comparing preoperative and postoperative plasma levels in patients with CRC, with and without recurrence. The association between preoperative plasma miR-4442 levels, clinicopathological features, and recurrence-free survival was analyzed in 108 patients with CRC after curative surgery. Furthermore, cell-function analyses were performed, and the involvement of miR-4442 in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was examined. Preoperatively plasma miR-4442 levels were associated with CRC recurrence and exhibited an incremental increase with earlier recurrence dates. Moreover, miR-4442 demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity as a potential biomarker for early CRC recurrence. The expression of miR-4442 in cancer tissues of patients with metastatic liver cancer from CRC was higher than in normal liver, CRC, and normal colorectal tissues. The overexpression of miR-4442 promoted the proliferative, migratory, and invasive activities of CRC cells, decreased levels of RBMS1 and E-cadherin, and increased levels of N-cadherin and Snail1. Plasma miR-4442 is a clinically useful biomarker for predicting the early recurrence of CRC. Furthermore, miR-4442 regulates EMT in CRC by directly targeting the messenger RNA of RBMS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zheng R, Xie J, Li W, Shang J, Shi Z, Zhu S, Gui L, Huang L, Shu L, Liu D, Gong Y, Li X, Chai W, Huang X, Wu X, Yue J. MiR-223-3p affects the proliferation and apoptosis of HCAECs in Kawasaki disease by regulating the expression of FOXP3. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e939. [PMID: 37506144 PMCID: PMC10373572 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kawasaki disease (KD) can lead to permanent damage to coronary structures, the pathogenesis of which remains unknown. This experiment was designed to investigate whether miR-223-3p secreted in the serum of KD patients affects the proliferation and apoptosis of HCAECs in KD by regulating FOXP3. METHODS Blood samples were collected in acute febrile phase of KD, after IVIG treatment, and from healthy controls. Transfected into HCAECs cells by synthetic FOXP3 siRNA/NC. A co-culture system was established between HCAECs cells transfected with FOXP3 siRNA/NC and THP1 cells added with three sera. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the expressions of miR-223-3p, RORγt, and Th17 in serum of KD patients were significantly upregulated, and the expressions of TGF-β1, FOXP3 and Treg were significantly downregulated. At the same time, the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 were significantly increased, and the levels of IL-10 and FOXP3 were significantly decreased. After IVIG treatment, the patient's above results were reversed. The serum of KD patients increased the expression of miR-223-3p and inhibited the expression of FOXP3 in HCAECs cells. IVIG serum is the opposite. Overexpression of miR-223-3p also promoted the apoptosis of HCAECs. In addition, serum from KD patients promoted apoptosis, whereas serum after IVIG treatment inhibited apoptosis. KD patient serum downregulated the expression of FOXP3, Bcl2, TGF-β1 and IL-10 in cells, and upregulated the expression of caspase3, Bax, IL-17, IL-6, and IL-23. The opposite results were obtained with IVIG-treated sera. CONCLUSION miR-223-3p secreted in serum of KD patients can regulate the expression of FOXP3 and affect the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation of cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronghao Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianping Shang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuliang Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Songbai Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Gui
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Shu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Donglei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanxia Chai
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yue
- Emergency Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Giannopoulou N, Constantinou C. Recent Developments in Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer: A Narrative Review. Oncology 2023; 101:675-684. [PMID: 37364542 DOI: 10.1159/000531474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer was reported as the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide, in the year 2020. This disease is an important public health problem considering its high incidence and mortality rates. SUMMARY The molecular events that lead to colorectal cancer include genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. Some of the most important molecular mechanisms involved include the APC/β-catenin pathway, the microsatellite pathway, and the CpG island hypermethylation. Evidence in the literature supports a role for the microbiota in the development of colon carcinogenesis, and specific microbes may contribute to or prevent carcinogenesis. Progress in prevention, screening, and management has improved the overall prognosis of the disease when diagnosed at an early stage; yet metastatic disease continues to have a poor long-term prognosis due to late-stage diagnosis and treatment failure. Biomarkers are a key tool for early detection and prognosis and aim to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with colorectal cancer. The main focus of this narrative review is to provide an update on the recent development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in stool, blood, and tumor tissue samples. KEY MESSAGES The review focuses on recent investigations in microRNAs, cadherins, Piwi-interacting RNAs, circulating cell-free DNA, and microbiome biomarkers which can be applied for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nefeli Giannopoulou
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Constantina Constantinou
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Orlandi G, Roncucci L, Carnevale G, Sena P. Different Roles of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Development of Human Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10201. [PMID: 37373349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major life-threatening malignancy, despite numerous therapeutic and screening attempts. Apoptosis and autophagy are two processes that share common signaling pathways, are linked by functional relationships and have similar protein components. During the development of cancer, the two processes can trigger simultaneously in the same cell, causing, in some cases, an inhibition of autophagy by apoptosis or apoptosis by autophagy. Malignant cells that have accumulated genetic alterations can take advantage of any alterations in the apoptotic process and as a result, progress easily in the cancerous transformation. Autophagy often plays a suppressive role during the initial stages of carcinogenicity, while in the later stages of cancer development it can play a promoting role. It is extremely important to determine the regulation of this duality of autophagy in the development of CRC and to identify the molecules involved, as well as the signals and the mechanisms behind it. All the reported experimental results indicate that, while the antagonistic effects of autophagy and apoptosis occur in an adverse environment characterized by deprivation of oxygen and nutrients, leading to the formation and development of CRC, the effects of promotion and collaboration usually involve an auxiliary role of autophagy compared to apoptosis. In this review, we elucidate the different roles of autophagy and apoptosis in human CRC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Orlandi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Roncucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71-41124 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Christodoulou S, Sotiropoulou CD, Vassiliu P, Danias N, Arkadopoulos N, Sideris DC. MicroRNA-675-5p Overexpression Is an Independent Prognostic Molecular Biomarker of Short-Term Relapse and Poor Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9990. [PMID: 37373137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the main cause of cancer-related deaths globally, highlighting the importance of accurate biomarkers for early detection and accurate prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as effective cancer biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic potential of miR-675-5p as a molecular prognostic biomarker in CRC. For this reason, a quantitative PCR assay was developed and applied to determine miR-675-5p expression in cDNAs from 218 primary CRC and 90 paired normal colorectal tissue samples. To assess the significance of miR-675-5p expression and its association with patient outcome, extensive biostatistical analysis was performed. miR-675-5p expression was found to be significantly downregulated in CRC tissue samples compared to that in adjacent normal colorectal tissues. Moreover, high miR-675-5p expression was associated with shorter disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in CRC patients, while it maintained its unfavorable prognostic value independently of other established prognostic factors. Furthermore, TNM stage stratification demonstrated that higher miR-675-5p levels were associated with shorter DFS and OS intervals, particularly in patients with CRC of TNM stage II or III. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-675-5p overexpression constitutes a promising molecular biomarker of unfavorable prognosis in CRC, independent of other established prognostic factors, including TNM staging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Christodoulou
- Fourth Department of Surgery, University General Hospital "Attikon", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina D Sotiropoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Panteleimon Vassiliu
- Fourth Department of Surgery, University General Hospital "Attikon", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Danias
- Fourth Department of Surgery, University General Hospital "Attikon", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Arkadopoulos
- Fourth Department of Surgery, University General Hospital "Attikon", National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Diamantis C Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Peng L, Zhang X, Zhang ML, Jiang T, Zhang PJ. Diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7 and 9 in urine for early detection of colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:931-939. [PMID: 37342853 PMCID: PMC10277948 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i5.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A noninvasive biomarker with high diagnostic performance is urgently needed for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 7 and 9 in urine for CRC.
METHODS Of 59 healthy controls, 47 patients with colon polyps and 82 patients with CRC were included in this study. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and MMP2, MMP7, and MMP9 in urine were detected. The combined diagnostic model of the indicators was established by binary logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the subjects was used to evaluate the independent and combined diagnostic value of the indicators.
RESULTS The MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, and CEA levels in the CRC group differed significantly from levels in the healthy controls (P < 0.05). The levels of MMP7, MMP9, and CEA also differed significantly between the CRC group and the colon polyps group (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) distinguishing between the healthy control and the CRC patients using the joint model with CEA, MMP2, MMP7 and MMP9 was 0.977, and the sensitivity and specificity were 95.10% and 91.50%, respectively. For early-stage CRC, the AUC was 0.975, and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.30% and 98.30%, respectively. For advanced stage CRC, the AUC was 0.979, and the sensitivity and specificity were 95.70% and 91.50%, respectively. Using CEA, MMP7 and MMP9 to jointly established a model distinguishing the colorectal polyp group from the CRC group, the AUC was 0.849, and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.10% and 70.20%, respectively. For early-stage CRC, the AUC was 0.818, and the sensitivity and specificity were 76.30% and 72.30%, respectively. For advanced stage CRC, the AUC was 0.875, and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.80% and 72.30%, respectively.
CONCLUSION MMP2, MMP7 and MMP 9 may exhibit diagnostic value for the early detection of CRC and may serve as auxiliary diagnostic markers for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Man-Li Zhang
- Division of Medicine Innovation Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Division of Medicine Innovation Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peng-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Taibi A, Lofft Z, Laytouni-Imbriaco B, Comelli EM. The role of intestinal microbiota and microRNAs in the anti-inflammatory effects of cranberry: from pre-clinical to clinical studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1092342. [PMID: 37287997 PMCID: PMC10242055 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1092342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranberries have known anti-inflammatory properties, which extend their benefits in the context of several chronic diseases. These benefits highly rely on the polyphenol profile of cranberries, one of few foods rich in A-type proanthocyanidin (PAC). A-type PAC comprises flavan-3-ol subunits with an additional interflavan ether bond in the conformational structure of the molecule, separating them from the more commonly found B-type PAC. PACs with a degree of polymerization higher than three are known to reach the colon intact, where they can be catabolyzed by the gut microbiota and biotransformed into lower molecular weight organic acids that are available for host absorption. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites have garnered much attention in the past decade as mediators of the health effects of parent compounds. Though, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain underexplored. In this review, we highlight emerging evidence that postulates that polyphenols, including ones derived from cranberries, and their metabolites could exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating host microRNAs. Our review first describes the chemical structure of cranberry PACs and a pathway for how they are biotransformed by the gut microbiota. We then provide a brief overview of the benefits of microbial metabolites of cranberry in the intestinal tract, at homeostasis and in inflammatory conditions. Finally, we discuss the role of microRNAs in intestinal health and in response to cranberry PAC and how they could be used as targets for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Most of this research is pre-clinical and we recognize that conducting clinical trials in this context has been hampered by the lack of reliable biomarkers. Our review discusses the use of miRNA as biomarkers in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Taibi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zoe Lofft
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Elena Maria Comelli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen XZ, He WX, Luo RG, Xia GJ, Zhong JX, Chen QJ, Huang YY, Guan YX. KLF14/miR-1283/TFAP2C axis inhibits HER2-positive breast cancer progression via declining tumor cell proliferation. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:532-545. [PMID: 36752341 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
MiR-1283 has been identified as a tumor suppressor in some malignancies. Whereas, the role of miR-1283 in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer, particularly its role in regulating cell proliferation, one of the most significant features of tumor progression, is unclear. The related microRNA screened by the breast cancer sample GSE131599 dataset were detected in HER2+ breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Then, the obtained miR-1283 was overexpressed in SKBR3 and BT-474 cells followed by relevant functional assays concerning cell proliferation and apoptosis. The xenograft mouse model was induced and the effect of miR-1283 on tumor growth and cell proliferation was examined. The target of miR-1283 and the transcription factor regulating miR-1283 were predicted and identified. Finally, the influence of transcription factor KLF14 on cell proliferation and apoptosis was investigated. An integrated analysis confirmed that miR-1283 expression was significantly decreased in HER2+ breast cancer tissues. Also, by q-RT-PCR detection, miR-1283 expression was markedly reduced in HER2+ breast cancer tissues and cell lines. The miR-1283 overexpression prevented the proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of HER2+ breast cancer cells, as well as inhibited tumor growth. Mechanistically, miR-1283 inhibited TFAP2C expression by targeting the 3'-untranslated regions of TFAP2C messenger RNA, and the KLF14 enhanced miR-1283 level via binding to its promoter. The result subsequently confirmed the KLF14/miR-1283 signaling suppressed cell proliferation in HER2+ breast cancer. Our results suggested that the KLF14/miR-1283/TFAP2C axis inhibited HER2+ breast cancer progression, which might provide novel insight into mechanical exploration for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zhong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen-Xing He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Guang Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guo-Jin Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jin-Xiu Zhong
- Department of Breast Cancer Center/Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing-Jie Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Ying Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-Xing Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine/Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ding J, Cao Y, Qi C, Zong Z. Dysregulated microRNAs participate in the crosstalk between colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00899-2. [PMID: 36964414 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00899-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation share several common risk factors, and the incidence of the two diseases also exhibits a certain correlation. The above facts suggest a potential interaction mechanism between them, which has obtained increasing attention in the scientific community but remains to be further explored. Participating in diverse physiological and pathological processes, miRNAs exert important roles in both occurrence and growth of colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation. To fill the gap in the understanding of the potential linkage between two diseases, the present study collected dysregulated miRNAs of colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation from previous studies and then selected the miRNAs with the same change trends in both diseases. Finally, we reviewed the potential crosstalk of two diseases focusing on the roles of 6 dysregulated miRNAs, including 3 co-downregulated miRNAs (hsa-mir-126, hsa-mir-133a and hsa-mir-150) and 3 co-upregulated miRNAs (hsa-mir-106a, hsa-mir-155 and hsa-mir-21). The molecular mechanisms mediated by these miRNAs in colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation were reviewed, and the possible crosstalk between the two diseases was discussed from the perspective of miRNAs. This study also provides potential common targets for preventive and curative measures against both colorectal cancer and atrial fibrillation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuke Cao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Chaofan Qi
- The First Clinical Medicine School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xie Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Cao L, Han M, Wang C, Chen J, Zhang X. miR‑151a‑5p promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma cells by targeting AGMAT. Oncol Rep 2023; 49:50. [PMID: 36704851 PMCID: PMC9887461 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common types of digestive cancer. It has been reported that the ectopic expression of microRNAs (miRs) plays a critical role in the occurrence and progression of CRC. In addition, it has also been suggested that miR‑151a‑5p may serve as a useful biomarker for the early detection and treatment of different types of cancer and particularly CRC. However, the specific effects and underlying mechanisms of miR‑151a‑5p in CRC remain elusive. The results of the current study demonstrated that miR‑151a‑5p was upregulated in CRC cell lines and clinical tissues derived from patients with CRC. Functionally, the results showed that miR‑151a‑5p significantly promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, dual luciferase reporter assays verified that agmatinase (AGMAT) was a direct target of miR‑151a‑5p and it was positively associated with miR‑151a‑5p expression. Mechanistically, miR‑151a‑5p could enhance the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of CRC cells. Taken together, the results of the current study revealed a novel molecular mechanism indicating that the miR‑151a‑5p/AGMAT axis could serve a crucial role in the regulation of CRC and could therefore be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China,School of Medical, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Medical, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China,Hanzhong Central Hospital of Shaanxi, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, P.R. China
| | - Xianju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China,School of Medical, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China,School of Medical, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Han
- School of Medical, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China
| | - Jinlian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Xingxing Zhang or Dr Jinlian Chen, Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Xingxing Zhang or Dr Jinlian Chen, Department of Gastroenterology, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Parvimonas micra activates the Ras/ERK/c-Fos pathway by upregulating miR-218-5p to promote colorectal cancer progression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:13. [PMID: 36627634 PMCID: PMC9830783 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, and a strong relationship exists between CRC and gut microbiota, which affects the occurrence, development, and metastasis of cancer. Bioinformatics-based analyses revealed that the abundance of Parvimonas micra (P. micra) in the feces of patients with cancer is significantly higher than that in healthy people. Therefore, an important relationship may exist between P. micra and CRC. METHODS We first confirmed that P. micra can promote the proliferation of cell lines through cell experiments and mouse models. Then we selected the signaling pathways and content of exosomes to promote the development of CRC by transcriptomics and microRNA sequencing. Finally, we confirmed that P. micra promoted CRC development through miR-218-5p/Ras/ERK/c-Fos pathway through the in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS First, it was confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments that P. micra can promote the development of CRC. Transcriptome analysis after the coincubation of bacteria and cells revealed that P. micra promoted cell proliferation by activating the Ras/ERK/c-Fos pathway. Furthermore, microRNA sequencing analysis of the cells and exosomes showed that miR-218-5p and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor R (PTPRR) were the key factors involved in activating the Ras/ERK/c-Fos pathway, and the miR-218-5p inhibitor was used to confirm the role of microRNA in xenograft mice. CONCLUSION This experiment confirmed that P. micra promoted the development of CRC by upregulating miR-218-5p expression in cells and exosomes, inhibiting PTPRR expression, and ultimately activating the Ras/ERK/c-Fos signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
44
|
Abo-elela DA, Salem AMH, Swellam M, Hegazy MGA. Potential diagnostic role of circulating MiRNAs in colorectal cancer. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320221144565. [PMID: 36598779 PMCID: PMC9830083 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221144565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and fourth most deadly cancer worldwide despite its various screening method. Thus, the search for novel and better markers is continuous. This study aimed to assess the combined expression levels of miR-133a, miR-574-3p, and miR-27a in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer in comparison to traditional tumor markers (CEA and CA19.9). METHODS miR-133a, miR-574-3p, and miR-27a were assessed in sera of 120 participants categorized into healthy control group (n = 20), benign group (n = 30) and malignant group (n = 70) using real-time PCR. RESULTS miR-133a, miR-574-3p, and miR-27a expressions showed significant difference among different staging, grading and tumor size of CRC. The sensitivities of the three miRNAs whether combined or individually used were better than routinely used tumor markers (CEA and CA19.9) leading to more accurate and faster diagnosis of CRC. CONCLUSION Synergetic detection of miRNA-133a, miRNA-574-3p, and miRNA-27a may serve as better noninvasive biomarkers with higher combined sensitivity for early diagnosis of CRC than individual detection of miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina A Abo-elela
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of
Science, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed MH Salem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of
Science, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department,
Biotechnology Research Institute, High Throughput Molecular and Genetic
laboratory, Central Laboratories Network and the Centers of Excellence,
National
Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa GA Hegazy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of
Science, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
- Marwa GA Hegazy, Department of
Biochemistry, Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566,
Egypt. ;
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kiran S, Patra A, Verma P, Purkait S, Chhabra G, Guttula PK, Ghosh A. Restoration of Altered Oncogenic and Tumor Suppressor microRNA Expression in Breast Cancer and Colorectal Cancer Cell using Epicatechin. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:915-926. [PMID: 36809960 DOI: 10.2174/1874467216666230210091839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate the function of mRNA post-transcriptionally in a tissue-specific manner. miRNA expressions are heavily dysregulated in human cancer cells through various mechanisms, including epigenetic changes, karyotype abnormalities, and miRNA biogenesis defects. miRNAs may act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors under different conditions. Epicatechin is a natural compound found in green tea which possesses antioxidant and antitumor properties. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of epicatechin treatment on the expression level of several oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs in breast and colorectal cancer cell lines (MCF7 and HT-29) and identify its mechanism of action. METHODS The MCF-7 and HT29 cells were treated with epicatechin for 24 hours and untreated cells were considered control cultures. miRNA was isolated and qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression profile changes of different oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs. Furthermore, the mRNA expression profile was also screened at different concentrations of epicatechin. RESULTS Our results showed several-fold changes in miRNAs expression level, which is cell line specific. Also, epicatechin at different concentrations induces biphasic changes in mRNA expression levels in both cell lines. CONCLUSION Our findings first time demonstrated that epicatechin can reverse the expression of these miRNAs and may trigger the cytostatic effect at a lower concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Kiran
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India
| | - Abhilipsa Patra
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India
| | - Poonam Verma
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India
| | - Suvendu Purkait
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India
| | - Gaurav Chhabra
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Guttula
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Amit Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zou QT, Lin Y, Luo QY. miR-138-5p inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer via regulating SP1/LGR5 axis. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:273-282. [PMID: 36317454 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main malignancies that seriously threaten human health. Considering the high mortality and morbidity associated with this disease, even surgical resection and chemotherapy may not be sufficient in certain cases. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-138-5p in regulating CRC progression. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to assess the levels of mRNA and proteins, including miR-138-5p, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), SP1, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-myc. The bioactivities of LoVo and HCT116 cells were assessed via MTT assay, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. StarBase was used to identify the downstream targets of genes. Double luciferase reporter and RIP assays revealed the direct binding of miR-138-5p to SP1 and of SP1 to LGR5. Our results illustrated that miR-138-5p was downregulated in CRC and its knockdown accelerated CRC progression. Conversely, SP1 was upregulated in CRC and its knockdown inhibited CRC progression. SP1 is also targeted by miR-138-5p and binds to LGR5. This study showed that miR-138-5p inhibits LoVo and HCT116 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Overall, miR-138-5p regulates CRC progression and promotes apoptosis via the SP1/LGR5 axis. This study indicates that miR-138-5p is involved in regulating CRC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Tao Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Yu Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lipid Handling Protein Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer: CD36 and Targeting miRNAs. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122127. [PMID: 36556492 PMCID: PMC9786157 DOI: 10.3390/life12122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The reprogramming of lipid metabolism has been highlighted in colorectal cancer (CRC) studies, suggesting a critical role for the scavenger receptor CD36 and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in this malignancy. In this study, we analyzed the gene expression levels of CD36, FASN, the cell surface glypican 4 (GPC4), and the two transporters SLC27A3 and SLC27A4 in 39 paired tumoral and peritumoral tissues from patients with CRC compared with 18 normal colonic mucosae. Moreover, the levels of seven miRNAs targeting CD36 and most of the analyzed genes were evaluated. We found a significant impairment of the expression of all the analyzed genes except GPC4 as well as the differential expression of miR-16-5p, miR-26b-5p, miR-107, miR-195-5p, and miR-27a-3p in the colonic mucosa of CRC patients. Interestingly, CD36 and miR-27a-3p were downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in tumoral tissues compared to peritumoral and control tissues, with a significant negative correlation in the group of patients developing lymph node metastasis. Our results sustain the relationship between CRC and fatty acid metabolism and emphasize the importance of related miRNAs in developing new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu B, Dong C, Chen Q, Fan Z, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Cui T, Liu F. Circ_0007534 as new emerging target in cancer: Biological functions and molecular interactions. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1031802. [PMID: 36505874 PMCID: PMC9730518 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNAs), an important member of the non-coding RNA (ncRNA) family, are widely expressed in a variety of biological cells. Owing to their stable structures, sequence conservations, and cell- or tissue-specific expressions, these RNA have become a popular subject of scientific research. With the development of sequencing methods, it has been revealed that circRNAs exert their biological function by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs), regulating transcription, or binding to proteins. Humans have historically been significantly impacted by various types of cancer. Studies have shown that circRNAs are abnormally expressed in various cancers and are involved in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, such as tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. As one of its star molecules, circ_0007534 is upregulated in colorectal, cervical, and pancreatic cancers; is closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of tumors; and is expected to become a novel tumor marker and therapeutic target. This article briefly reviews the expression and mechanism of circ_0007534 in malignant tumors based on the domestic and foreign literature.
Collapse
|
49
|
Downregulation of Circ-PITHD1 Suppressed Colorectal Cancer via Glycolysis Inhibition through miR-590-5p/HK2 Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7696841. [PMID: 36276867 PMCID: PMC9586732 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7696841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a frequent malignancy around the globe. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in CRC development. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms and biological functions regarding circRNAs in CRC progression are largely unclear. The present investigation employed next-generation sequencing (NGS) to study the abnormal circRNA expression in CRC tissues. The regulatory mechanism and targets were then analyzed by bioinformatics, luciferase reporter analysis, CCK8, colony formation, and Transwell migration. In vivo metastasis and tumorigenesis assays were conducted to elucidate circ-PITHD1 roles regarding CRC. The data showed that circ-PITHD1 expression increased in a CRC cell line and tissues, which indicated that circ-PITHD1 functioned in CRC progression. circ-PITHD1 downregulation inhibited CRC invasion and proliferation in the experiments. Luciferase reporter results confirmed that both miR-590-5p and hexokinase 2 (HK2) were circ-PITHD1 downstream targets. HK2 overexpression or miR-590-5p suppression reversed CRC cell proliferation and invasion after silencing of circ-PITHD1 by regulation of glycolysis. Taken together, this investigation discovered that circ-PITHD1 downregulation suppressed CRC progression by inhibiting glycolysis via the miR-590-5p/HK2 axis.
Collapse
|
50
|
Liang C, Yang JB, Lin XY, Xie BL, Xu YX, Lin S, Xu TW. Recent advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of microRNAs in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:911856. [PMID: 36313731 PMCID: PMC9607901 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.911856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the world and one of the leading causes of cancer death; its incidence is still increasing in most countries. The early diagnostic accuracy of CRC is low, and the metastasis rate is high, resulting in a low survival rate of advanced patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small class of noncoding RNAs that can inhibit mRNA translation and trigger mRNA degradation, and can affect a variety of cellular and molecular targets. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are related to tumour progression, immune system activity, anticancer drug resistance, and the tumour microenvironment. Dysregulation of miRNAs occurs in a variety of malignancies, including CRC. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress of miRNAs, their roles in tumour progression and metastasis, and their clinical value as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRC. Furthermore, we combined the roles of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and development with the therapeutic strategies of CRC patients, which will provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Bo Yang
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Lin
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Bi-Lan Xie
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xian Xu
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tian-Wen Xu, ; Shu Lin,
| | - Tian-Wen Xu
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tian-Wen Xu, ; Shu Lin,
| |
Collapse
|