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Sun Y, Luo K, He J, Zhu X, Song X, Sun Y, Wang L, Zhang M, Bao Y, Yang B, Yan J, Zhang J, Yang J, Zhao Y. Reactive oxygen species responsive chitooligosaccharides based nanoplatform for sonodynamic therapy in mammary cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122403. [PMID: 39048238 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been extensively studied as a new type of non-invasive treatment for mammary cancer. However, the poor water solubility and defective biocompatibility of sonosensitizers during SDT hinder the sonodynamic efficacy. Herein, a nanoplatform has been developed to achieve high efficient SDT against mammary cancer through the host-guest interaction of β-cyclodextrin/5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (β-CD-TPP) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid/chitooligosaccharides (FC-COS). Moreover, the glucose oxidase (GOx) was loaded through electrostatic adsorption, which efficiently restricts the energy supply in tumor tissues, thus enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of SDT for tumors. Under optimal conditions, the entire system exhibited favorable water solubility, suitable particle size and viable biocompatibility. This facilitated the integration of the characteristics of starvation therapy and sonodynamic therapy, resulting in efficient inhibition of tumor growth with minimal side effects in vivo. This work may provide new insights into the application of natural oligosaccharides for construct multifunctional nanocarrier systems, which could optimize the design and development of sonodynamic therapy strategies and even combination therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kaixuan Luo
- The School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Junnan He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xi Zhu
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Mengcai Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yutai Bao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bencui Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jin Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jianmei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
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2
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Bravo M, Fortuni B, Mulvaney P, Hofkens J, Uji-I H, Rocha S, Hutchison JA. Nanoparticle-mediated thermal Cancer therapies: Strategies to improve clinical translatability. J Control Release 2024; 372:751-777. [PMID: 38909701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advances, cancer remains a leading global cause of death. Current therapies often fail due to incomplete tumor removal and nonspecific targeting, spurring interest in alternative treatments. Hyperthermia, which uses elevated temperatures to kill cancer cells or boost their sensitivity to radio/chemotherapy, has emerged as a promising alternative. Recent advancements employ nanoparticles (NPs) as heat mediators for selective cancer cell destruction, minimizing damage to healthy tissues. This approach, known as NP hyperthermia, falls into two categories: photothermal therapies (PTT) and magnetothermal therapies (MTT). PTT utilizes NPs that convert light to heat, while MTT uses magnetic NPs activated by alternating magnetic fields (AMF), both achieving localized tumor damage. These methods offer advantages like precise targeting, minimal invasiveness, and reduced systemic toxicity. However, the efficacy of NP hyperthermia depends on many factors, in particular, the NP properties, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and TME-NP interactions. Optimizing this treatment requires accurate heat monitoring strategies, such as nanothermometry and biologically relevant screening models that can better mimic the physiological features of the tumor in the human body. This review explores the state-of-the-art in NP-mediated cancer hyperthermia, discussing available nanomaterials, their strengths and weaknesses, characterization methods, and future directions. Our particular focus lies in preclinical NP screening techniques, providing an updated perspective on their efficacy and relevance in the journey towards clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bravo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - B Fortuni
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - P Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - J Hofkens
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - H Uji-I
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES), Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita ward, Sapporo 001-0020, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Rocha
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - J A Hutchison
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Erk B, Kamanli AF, Guney Eskiler G. The therapeutic efficacy of 5-ALA based photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy combination in triple negative breast cancer cells. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:191. [PMID: 39043901 PMCID: PMC11266442 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the subtypes of breast cancer characterized by a heterogeneous and aggressive nature. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has drawn significant attention in cancer treatment. However, solubility of photosensitizer, penetration problems into a target tissue and insufficient oxygen concentration limit the effectiveness of PDT. To overcome these limitations and to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy, combination treatment modalities play an essential role in cancer treatment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the combination efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)/PDT in TNBC cells and healthy breast cells in vitro. To determine the effect of the combination effects of cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT on TNBC cells, two treatment protocols (simultaneous and sequential combination therapy) were evaluated compared with cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT monotherapy and WST-1, Annexin V assay, acridine orange (AO) and mitochondrial staining were performed. Our findings showed that MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell viability was significantly decreased following simultaneous combination treatment compared to cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT monotherapy. Additionally, simultaneous combination treatment was more effective than sequential combination treatment. The simultaneous combination treatment of 2.5 µM cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT at 6 J/cm2 and 9 J/cm2 induced 46.78% and 53.6% total apoptotic death, respectively in TNBC cells compared with monotherapies (cisplatin (37.88%) and 5-ALA/PDT (6 J/cm2: 31.48% and 9 J/cm2: 37.78%). Additionally, cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT combination treatment resulted in nuclear fragmentation and mitochondrial damage due to apoptosis. Our results suggest that cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT simultaneous combination therapy could be a promising new alternative strategy for treating TNBC. However, further studies are required to assess the underlying molecular mechanisms of cisplatin and 5-ALA/PDT combination treatment at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyzanur Erk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Furkan Kamanli
- Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Korucuk Campus, 54290, Sakarya, Turkey.
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4
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Gao YT, Liu JH, He K, Guo SL. Advances in two-photon absorption photodynamic therapy of glioma based on porphyrin-based metal-organicframework composites. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024:104281. [PMID: 39009207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Gliomas of the brain are characterised by high aggressiveness, high postoperative recurrence rate, high morbidity and mortality, posing a great challenge to clinical treatment. Traditional treatments include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; they also have significant associated side effects, leading to difficulties in tumour resection and recurrence. Photodynamic therapy has been shown to be a promising new strategy to help treat malignant tumours of the brain. It irradiates the tumour site at a specific wavelength to activate a photosensitiser, which selectively accumulates at the tumour site, triggering a photochemical reaction that destroys the tumour cells. It has the advantages of being minimally invasive, highly targeted and with few adverse reactions, and is expected to be well used in anti-tumour therapy. However, the therapeutic effect of traditional PDT is limited by the weak tissue penetration ability of photosensitiser, hypoxia and immunosuppression in the tumour microenvironment. This paper reviews the current research status on the therapeutic principle of photodynamic therapy in glioma and the mechanism of tumour cell injury, and also analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the current application in glioma treatment, and clarifies the analysis of ideas to improve the tissue penetration ability of photosensitizers. It aims to provide a feasible direction for the improvement of photodynamic therapy for glioma and a reference for the clinical treatment of deep brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Tao Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, P.R. China, 475000.
| | - Jun-Hui Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, P.R. China, 475004
| | - Kang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, P.R. China, 475000
| | - Shuang-Lei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, P.R. China, 475000
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5
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Varvuolytė G, Řezníčková E, Bieliauskas A, Kleizienė N, Vojáčková V, Opichalová A, Žukauskaitė A, Kryštof V, Šačkus A. Synthesis and photodynamic activity of new 5-[(E)-2-(3-alkoxy-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethenyl]-2-phenyl-3H-indoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400282. [PMID: 38969965 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
A series of new indole-pyrazole hybrids 8a-m were synthesized through the palladium-catalyzed ligandless Heck coupling reaction from easily accessible unsubstituted, methoxy- or fluoro-substituted 4-ethenyl-1H-pyrazoles and 5-bromo-3H-indoles. These compounds exerted cytotoxicity to melanoma G361 cells when irradiated with blue light (414 nm) and no cytotoxicity in the dark at concentrations up to 10 µM, prompting us to explore their photodynamic effects. The photodynamic properties of the example compound 8d were further investigated in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Evaluation revealed comparable anticancer activities of 8d in both breast and melanoma cancer cell lines within the submicromolar range. The treatment induced a massive generation of reactive oxygen species, leading to different types of cell death depending on the compound concentration and the irradiation intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielė Varvuolytė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aurimas Bieliauskas
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Neringa Kleizienė
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Vojáčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Opichalová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Žukauskaitė
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Algirdas Šačkus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
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6
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Nogueira KAB, Reis AVF, de Oliveira YS, Miranda JIS, Tedesco AC, Ayala AP, Pessoa C, Eloy JO, da Silva Júnior IJ, Petrilli R. Development of Liposomes Loaded with Chloroaluminum Phthalocyanine for Application of Photodynamic Therapy in Breast Cancer. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00151-5. [PMID: 38705465 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Chloraluminium phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) has potential therapeutic effect for the treatment of cancer; however, the molecule is lipophilic and may present self-aggregation which limits its clinical success. Thus, nanocarriers like liposomes can improve ClAlPc solubility, reduce off-site toxicity and increase circulation time. For this purpose, developing suitable liposomes requires the evaluation of different lipid compositions. Herein, we aimed to develop liposomes containing soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPEPEG2000), cholesterol and oleic acid loaded with ClAlPc using the surface response methodology and the Box-Behnken design. Liposomes with particle size from 110.93 to 374.97 nm and PdI from 0.265 to 0.468 were obtained. The optimized formulation resulted in 69.09 % of ClAlPc encapsulated, with particle size and polydispersity index, respectively, at 153.20 nm and 0.309, providing stability and aggregation control. Atomic force microscopy revealed vesicles in a spherical or almost spherical shape, while the analyzes by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggested that the drug was adequately incorporated into the lipid bilayer of liposomes, in its amorphous state or molecularly dispersed. In vitro studies conducted in breast cancer cells (4T1) showed that liposome improved phototoxicity compared to the ClAlPc solution. ClAlPc-loaded liposomes also enhanced the production of ROS 3-fold compared to the ClAlPc solution. Finally, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrated the ability of the liposomes to enter cells and deliver the fluorescent ClAlPc photosensitizer with dose and time-dependent effects. Thus, this work showed that Box-Behnken factorial design was an effective strategy for optimizing formulation development. The obtained ClAlPc liposomes can be applied for photodynamic therapy in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Vitoria Frota Reis
- Federal University of Ceará, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Department of Pharmacy, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Yara Santiago de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Sciences, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and, Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Pessoa
- Federal University of Ceará, College of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Josimar O Eloy
- Federal University of Ceará, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Department of Pharmacy, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Petrilli
- Institute of Health Sciences, University for International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil; Federal University of Ceará, Pharmaceutical Sciences graduate course, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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7
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Zhong J, Tang Y. Research progress on the role of reactive oxygen species in the initiation, development and treatment of breast cancer. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 188:1-18. [PMID: 38387519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
According to international cancer data, breast cancer (BC) is the leading type of cancer in women. Although significant progress has been made in treating BC, metastasis and drug resistance continue to be the primary causes of mortality for many patients. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in vivo: normal levels can maintain the body's normal physiological function; however, high levels of ROS below the toxicity threshold can lead to mtDNA damage, activation of proto-oncogenes, and inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, which are important causes of BC. Differences in the production and regulation of ROS in different BC subtypes have important implications for the development and treatment of BC. ROS can also serve as an important intracellular signal transduction factor by affecting the antioxidant system, activating MAPK and PI3K/AKT, and other signal pathways to regulate cell cycle and change the relationship between cells and the activity of metalloproteinases, which significantly impacts the metastasis of BC. Hypoxia in the BC microenvironment increases ROS production levels, thereby inducing the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and forming "ROS- HIF-1α-ROS" cycle that exacerbates BC development. Many anti-BC therapies generate sufficient toxic ROS to promote cancer cell apoptosis, but because the basal level of ROS in BC cells exceeds that of normal cells, this leads to up-regulation of the antioxidant system, drug efflux, and apoptosis inhibition, rendering BC cells resistant to the drug. ROS crosstalks with tumor vessels and stromal cells in the microenvironment, increasing invasiveness and drug resistance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No.1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China.
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8
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Thiruppathi J, Vijayan V, Park IK, Lee SE, Rhee JH. Enhancing cancer immunotherapy with photodynamic therapy and nanoparticle: making tumor microenvironment hotter to make immunotherapeutic work better. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375767. [PMID: 38646546 PMCID: PMC11026591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous advancements in treating various malignancies. The biggest hurdle to successful immunotherapy would be the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and low immunogenicity of cancer cells. To make immunotherapy successful, the 'cold' TME must be converted to 'hot' immunostimulatory status to activate residual host immune responses. To this end, the immunosuppressive equilibrium in TME should be broken, and immunogenic cancer cell death ought to be induced to stimulate tumor-killing immune cells appropriately. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an efficient way of inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) of cancer cells and disrupting immune-restrictive tumor tissues. PDT would trigger a chain reaction that would make the TME 'hot' and have ICD-induced tumor antigens presented to immune cells. In principle, the strategic combination of PDT and immunotherapy would synergize to enhance therapeutic outcomes in many intractable tumors. Novel technologies employing nanocarriers were developed to deliver photosensitizers and immunotherapeutic to TME efficiently. New-generation nanomedicines have been developed for PDT immunotherapy in recent years, which will accelerate clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayalakshmi Thiruppathi
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy Medical Research Center (MRC), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- National Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Veena Vijayan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- National Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Laboratory, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Shee Eun Lee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- National Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Haeng Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy Medical Research Center (MRC), Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- National Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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Mehrotra N, Pal K. Tumor targeted nanohybrid for dual stimuli responsive and NIR amplified photothermal/photo-induced thermodynamic/chemodynamic combination therapy. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035019. [PMID: 38471148 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad330f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) for cancer treatment has gathered a lot of attention in recent years. However, its efficacy is severely limited by elevated levels of hypoxia and glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Multifunctional nanoparticles that can help remodel the TME while facilitating PDT/CDT combination therapy are the need of the hour. To this effect, we have developed O2self-supplying, free radical generating nanohybrids that exhibit near infra-red (NIR) triggered photothermal (PTT)/photo-induced thermodynamic (P-TDT) and CDT for efficient breast cancer treatment. The surface of nanohybrids has been further modified by biointerfacing with cancer cell membrane. The biomimetic nanohybrids have been comprehensively characterized and found to exhibit high 2,2'-azobis-[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride (AIPH) loading, GSH depletion, oxygen self-supply with TME responsive AIPH release. Biological activity assays demonstrate efficient cellular uptake with homotypic targeting, excellent hemo- and cytocompatibility as well as high intracellular reactive oxygen species generation with synergistic cytotoxicity against tumor cells. The multifunctional nanohybrid proposed in the present study provides an attractive strategy for achieving NIR responsive, tumor targeted PTT/P-TDT/CDT combination therapy for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Mehrotra
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Kaushik Pal
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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10
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Domka W, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Mytych W, Myśliwiec A, Dynarowicz K, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Photodynamic Therapy for Eye, Ear, Laryngeal Area, and Nasal and Oral Cavity Diseases: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:645. [PMID: 38339396 PMCID: PMC10854993 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising modality for the treatment of various diseases. This non-invasive approach utilizes photosensitizing agents and light to selectively target and destroy abnormal cells, providing a valuable alternative to traditional treatments. Research studies have explored the application of PDT in different areas of the head. Research is focusing on a growing number of new developments and treatments for cancer. One of these methods is PDT. Photodynamic therapy is now a revolutionary, progressive method of cancer therapy. A very important feature of PDT is that cells cannot become immune to singlet oxygen. With this therapy, patients can avoid lengthy and costly surgeries. PDT therapy is referred to as a safe and highly selective therapy. These studies collectively highlight the potential of PDT as a valuable therapeutic option in treating the head area. As research in this field progresses, PDT may become increasingly integrated into the clinical management of these conditions, offering a balance between effectiveness and minimal invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Domka
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Wiktoria Mytych
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Angelika Myśliwiec
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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He Z, Feng D, Zhang C, Chen Z, Wang H, Hou J, Li S, Wei X. Recent strategies for evoking immunogenic Pyroptosis in antitumor immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:375-394. [PMID: 38142962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a specific type of programmed cell death (PCD) characterized by distinct morphological changes, including cell swelling, membrane blebbing, DNA fragmentation, and eventual cell lysis. Pyroptosis is closely associated with human-related diseases, such as inflammation and malignancies. Since the initial observation of pyroptosis in Shigella flexneri-infected macrophages more than 20 years ago, various pyroptosis-inducing agents, including ions, small molecules, and biological nanomaterials, have been developed for tumor treatment. Given that pyroptosis can activate the body's robust immune response against tumor and promote the formation of the body's long-term immune memory in tumor treatment, its status as a type of immunogenic cell death is self-evident. Therefore, pyroptosis should be used as a powerful anti-tumor strategy. However, there still is a lack of a comprehensive summary of the most recent advances in pyroptosis-based cancer therapy. Therefore, it is vital to fill this gap and inspire future drug design to better induce tumor cells to undergo pyroptosis to achieve advanced anti-tumor effects. In this review, we summarize in detail the most recent advances in triggering tumor cell immunogenic pyroptosis for adequate tumor clearance based on various treatment modalities, and highlight material design and therapeutic advantages. Besides, we also provide an outlook on the prospects of this emerging field in the next development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxin He
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Urology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Dexiang Feng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Urology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chaoji Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhiqian Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Urology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Urology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Jianquan Hou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Urology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shengliang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
| | - Xuedong Wei
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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Wang R, Kumar P, Reda M, Wallstrum AG, Crumrine NA, Ngamcherdtrakul W, Yantasee W. Nanotechnology Applications in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2308639. [PMID: 38126905 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation cancer treatments are expected not only to target cancer cells but also to simultaneously train immune cells to combat cancer while modulating the immune-suppressive environment of tumors and hosts to ensure a robust and lasting response. Achieving this requires carriers that can codeliver multiple therapeutics to the right cancer and/or immune cells while ensuring patient safety. Nanotechnology holds great potential for addressing these challenges. This article highlights the recent advances in nanoimmunotherapeutic development, with a focus on breast cancer. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have achieved remarkable success and lead to cures in some cancers, their response rate in breast cancer is low. The poor response rate in solid tumors is often associated with the low infiltration of anti-cancer T cells and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To enhance anti-cancer T-cell responses, nanoparticles are employed to deliver ICIs, bispecific antibodies, cytokines, and agents that induce immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD). Additionally, nanoparticles are used to manipulate various components of the TME, such as immunosuppressive myeloid cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and fibroblasts to improve T-cell activities. Finally, this article discusses the outlook, challenges, and future directions of nanoimmunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S Bond Ave, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S Bond Ave, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Moataz Reda
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, 3303 S Bond Ave, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | | | - Noah A Crumrine
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, 3303 S Bond Ave, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | | | - Wassana Yantasee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S Bond Ave, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- PDX Pharmaceuticals, 3303 S Bond Ave, CH13B, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
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13
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Barbora A, Lyssenko S, Amar M, Nave V, Zivan V, Argaev Frenkel L, Nause A, Cohen-Harazi R, Minnes R. Optimizing the average distance between a blue light photosensitizer and a harmonic nanoparticle for effective infrared photodynamic therapy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123195. [PMID: 37523854 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy can be significantly improved by techniques utilizing light windows of higher tissue penetration depths with optimally matched photoactive agents to provide deep interstitial treatment. Classical blue light photosensitizers were photodynamically activated using infrared light via coupled harmonic nanoparticles with optimized intermediary distances using spacers. Upon 800 nm pulsed laser irradiation perovskite nanoparticles with optimized coupling to either curcumin or protoporphyrin IX reduced the viability of MCF7 breast cancer cells by 73 percent and 64 percent, respectively, while exhibiting negligible dark toxicity. The findings pave the way for clinical adaptation of ease-of-synthesis photodynamically active preparations operable under deep tissue penetrating infrared lights using commonly available otherwise infrared inactive classical blue light photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Barbora
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Svetlana Lyssenko
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michal Amar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Vadim Nave
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Vered Zivan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Lital Argaev Frenkel
- Institute for personalized and translational medicine, Ariel university, Ariel, Israel
| | - Ariel Nause
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Raichel Cohen-Harazi
- Institute for personalized and translational medicine, Ariel university, Ariel, Israel
| | - Refael Minnes
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
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14
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Kumari L, Mishra L, Patel P, Sharma N, Gupta GD, Kurmi BD. Emerging targeted therapeutic strategies for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. J Drug Target 2023; 31:889-907. [PMID: 37539789 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2245579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer that lacks expression of oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), has clinical features including a high degree of invasiveness, an elevated risk of metastasis, tendency to relapse, and poor prognosis. It constitutes around 10-15% of all breast cancer, and having heredity of BRCA1 mutated breast cancer could be a reason for the occurrence of TNBC in women. Overexpression of cellular and molecular targets, i.e. CD44 receptor, EGFR receptor, Folate receptor, Transferrin receptor, VEGF receptor, and Androgen receptor, have emerged as promising targets for treating TNBC. Signalling pathways such as Notch signalling and PI3K/AKT/mTOR also play a significant role in carrying out and managing crucial pro-survival and pro-growth cellular processes that can be utilised for targeted therapy against triple-negative breast cancer. This review sheds light on various targeting strategies, including cellular and molecular targets, signalling pathways, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and immune checkpoint inhibitors PARP, immunotherapy, ADCs have all found a place in the current TNBC therapeutic paradigm. The role of photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) has also been explored briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Lopamudra Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | | | - Balak Das Kurmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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15
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Long S, Wang B, Cui Y, Shao J, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Li H, Qiu H, Zhao H, Zeng J, Chen D, Li X, Gu Y. The upregulation of immune checkpoints after photodynamic therapy reducing immune effect for treating breast cancer. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:243. [PMID: 37882915 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03894-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The immune effect induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) has a limited effect on breast tumor. This study hypothesized that suppressive immune checkpoints on T cells might upregulate after PDT, which may reduce the antitumor effect of PDT for treating breast tumor. This study explored the alteration of immune checkpoint for the first time. A bilateral subcutaneous transplanted breast tumor mice model was established, and right tumors imitated primary tumors, and left tumors imitated distant tumors. Primary tumors were treated with PDT mediated by hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD-PDT). Costimulatory molecules (ICOS, OX40, and 4-1BB) and immune checkpoints (PD1, LAG-3, CTLA-4, TIM-3, TIGIT) on tumor infiltrating T cells after HpD-PDT were analyzed by flow cytometry. Antitumor and immune effects were also assessed after HpD-PDT combined with anti-PD1 and LAG-3 antibodies. Primary tumors were suppressed, but distant tumors could not be inhibited after HpD-PDT. The number of T cells was increased, but function did not enhance after HpD-PDT. Additionally, costimulatory molecules (ICOS, OX40, and 4-1BB) were not elevated, but the suppressive immune checkpoints on tumor infiltrating T cells were upregulated after HpD-PDT. Notably, PD1+ LAG-3+ CD4+ T and PD1+ LAG-3+ CD8+ T cells were significantly increased. When PD1 and LAG-3 blockade combined with HpD-PDT, both primary and distant tumors were significantly suppressed, and antitumor immune effects were significantly enhanced. HpD-PDT could upregulate the PD1+ LAG-3+ CD4+ T and PD1+ LAG-3+ CD8+ T cells. Dual blockade of PD1 and LAG-3 immune checkpoints can enhance the antitumor effect of HpD-PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Long
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Yingshu Cui
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiakang Shao
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yibing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese, Dongcheng District, PLA General Hospital, 5 Nanmencang Hutong, DongshitiaoBeijing, 100039, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haixia Qiu
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongyou Zhao
- College of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Defu Chen
- College of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaosong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese, Dongcheng District, PLA General Hospital, 5 Nanmencang Hutong, DongshitiaoBeijing, 100039, China.
| | - Ying Gu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Department of Laser Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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16
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Huang Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Xiong L, Wang Y, Wen Y. Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Ferroptosis Is a Synergistic Antitumor Therapy Strategy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5043. [PMID: 37894410 PMCID: PMC10604985 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a programmed death mode that regulates redox homeostasis in cells, and recent studies suggest that it is a promising mode of tumor cell death. Ferroptosis is regulated by iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and intracellular reducing substances, which is the mechanism basis of its combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 1O2 through type I and type II photochemical reactions, and subsequently induces ferroptosis through the Fenton reaction and the peroxidation of cell membrane lipids. PDT kills tumor cells by generating excessive cytotoxic ROS. Due to the limited laser depth and photosensitizer enrichment, the systemic treatment effect of PDT is not good. Combining PDT with ferroptosis can compensate for these shortcomings. Nanoparticles constructed by photosensitizers and ferroptosis agonists are widely used in the field of combination therapy, and their targeting and biological safety can be improved through modification. These nanoparticles not only directly kill tumor cells but also further exert the synergistic effect of PDT and ferroptosis by activating antitumor immunity, improving the hypoxia microenvironment, and inhibiting the tumor angiogenesis. Ferroptosis-agonist-induced chemotherapy and PDT-induced ablation also have good clinical application prospects. In this review, we summarize the current research progress on PDT and ferroptosis and how PDT and ferroptosis promote each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China;
| | - Zijian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Y.H.); (Z.Z.); (L.X.)
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17
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Rethi L, Rethi L, Liu CH, Hyun TV, Chen CH, Chuang EY. Fortification of Iron Oxide as Sustainable Nanoparticles: An Amalgamation with Magnetic/Photo Responsive Cancer Therapies. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5607-5623. [PMID: 37814664 PMCID: PMC10560484 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s404394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their non-toxic function in biological systems, Iron oxide NPs (IO-NPs) are very attractive in biomedical applications. The magnetic properties of IO-NPs enable a variety of biomedical applications. We evaluated the usage of IO-NPs for anticancer effects. This paper lists the applications of IO-NPs in general and the clinical targeting of IO-NPs. The application of IONPs along with photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is highlighted in this review's explanation for cancer treatment strategies. The review's study shows that IO-NPs play a beneficial role in biological activity because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, simplicity of production, and hybrid NPs forms with IO-NPs. In this review, we have briefly discussed cancer therapy and hyperthermia and NPs used in PTT, PDT, and MHT. IO-NPs have a particular effect on cancer therapy when combined with PTT, PDT, and MHT were the key topics of the review and were covered in depth. The IO-NPs formulations may be uniquely specialized in cancer treatments with PTT, PDT, and MHT, according to this review investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Rethi
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Lekshmi Rethi
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Liu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tin Van Hyun
- International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Thong Nhat Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Chih-Hwa Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University – Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Mata AI, Pereira NAM, Cardoso AL, Nascimento BFO, Pineiro M, Schaberle FA, Gomes-da-Silva LC, Brito RMM, Pinho E Melo TMVD. Novel Foscan®-derived ring-fused chlorins for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 93:117443. [PMID: 37634417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established anticancer treatment that combines the use of a photosensitiser (PS) and a light source of a specific wavelength for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are toxic to the tumour cells. Foscan® (mTHPC) is a clinically-approved chlorin used for the PDT treatment of advanced head and neck, prostate and pancreatic cancers but is characterized by being photochemically unstable and associated with prolonged skin photosensitivity. Herein, we report the synthesis of new 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-fused chlorins, having the meso-tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)macrocycle core of mTHPC, by exploring the [8π + 2π] cycloaddition of a meso-tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin derivative with diazafulvenium methides. These chlorins have photochemical properties similar to Foscan® but are much more photostable. Among the novel compounds, two chlorins with a hydroxymethyl group and its azide derivative present in the 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-fused system, are promising photodynamic agents with activity in the 100 nM range against triple-negative breast cancer cells and, in the case of azidomethyl chlorin, a safer phototherapeutic index compared to Foscan®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Mata
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nelson A M Pereira
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana L Cardoso
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno F O Nascimento
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Pineiro
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fábio A Schaberle
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia C Gomes-da-Silva
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui M M Brito
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; BSIM Therapeutics, Instituto Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa M V D Pinho E Melo
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Chemistry Center - Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS) and Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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19
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Nowak-Perlak M, Ziółkowski P, Woźniak M. A promising natural anthraquinones mediated by photodynamic therapy for anti-cancer therapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155035. [PMID: 37603973 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental studies emphasize the therapeutic potential of plant-derived photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy. Moreover, several in vitro and in vivo research present the promising roles of less-known anthraquinones that can selectively target cancer cells and eliminate them after light irradiation. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge of chosen plant-based-photosensitizers in PDT to show the results of emodin, aloe-emodin, parietin, rubiadin, hypericin, and soranjidiol in photodynamic therapy of cancer treatment and describe the comprehensive perspective of their role as natural photosensitizers. METHODS Literature searches of chosen anthraquinones were conducted on PubMed.gov with keywords: "emodin", "aloe-emodin", "hypericin", "parietin", "rubiadin", "soranjidiol" with "cancer" and "photodynamic therapy". RESULTS According to literature data, this review concentrated on all existing in vitro and in vivo studies of emodin, aloe-emodin, parietin, rubiadin, soranjidiol used as natural photosensitizers emphasizing their effectiveness and detailed mechanism of action in anticancer therapy. Moreover, comprehensive preclinical and clinical studies on hypericin reveal that the above-described substances may be included in the phototoxic treatment of different cancers. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this review presented less-known anthraquinones with their promising molecular mechanisms of action. It is expected that in the future they may be used as natural PSs in cancer treatment as well as hypericin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Nowak-Perlak
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of General and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Karola Marcinkowskiego 1 Street, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of General and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Karola Marcinkowskiego 1 Street, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of General and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Karola Marcinkowskiego 1 Street, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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20
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Domka W, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Przygoda M, Dynarowicz K, Tomik J, Aebisher D. PDT-Induced Activation Enhanced by Hormone Response to Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13917. [PMID: 37762219 PMCID: PMC10531063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical treatment with the use of a photosensitizing agent (PS), which, when activated by light, results in selective tissue damage with a cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. PDT leads to the induction of an acute-phase response, which results in the involvement of adrenal glucocorticoid (GC) hormones. PDT, by activating the hormonal response, affects the treatment of cancer. GC release is observed due to adrenal activity, which is driven by changes in the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis triggered by stress signals emanating from the PDT treated tumor. The hormones released in this process in the context of the PDT-induced acute-phase response perform many important functions during anticancer therapy. They lead, among other things, to the systemic mobilization of neutrophils and the production of acute-phase reagents, and also control the production of immunoregulatory proteins and proteins that modulate inflammation. GCs can radically affect the activity of various inflammatory and immune cells, including the apoptosis of cancer cells. A better understanding of the modulation of GC activity could improve the outcomes of cancer patients treated with PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Domka
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Maria Przygoda
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Tomik
- Department of Otolaryngology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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21
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Wang H, Qin T, Wang W, Zhou X, Lin F, Liang G, Yang Z, Chi Z, Tang BZ. Selenium-Containing Type-I Organic Photosensitizers with Dual Reactive Oxygen Species of Superoxide and Hydroxyl Radicals as Switch-Hitter for Photodynamic Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301902. [PMID: 37357144 PMCID: PMC10460872 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic type-I photosensitizers (PSs) which produce aggressive reactive oxygen species (ROS) with less oxygen-dependent exhibit attractive curative effect for photodynamic therapy (PDT), as they adapt better to hypoxia microenvironment in tumors. However, the reported type-I PSs are limited and its exacted mechanism of oxygen dependence is still unclear. Herein, new selenium-containing type-I PSs of Se6 and Se5 with benzoselenadiazole acceptor has been designed and possessed aggregation-induced emission characteristic. Benefited from double heavy-atom-effect of selenium and bromine, Se6 shows a smaller energy gap (ΔEST ) of 0.03 eV and improves ROS efficiency. Interestingly, type-I radicals of both long-lived superoxide anion (O2 •‾ ) and short-lived hydroxyl (• OH) are generated from them upon irradiation. This may provide a switch-hitter of dual-radical with complementary lifetimes for PDT. More importantly, simultaneous processes to produce • OH are revealed, including disproportionation of O2 •‾ and reaction between excited PS and water. Actually, Se6 displays superior in-vitro PDT performance to commercial chlorin e6 (Ce6), under normoxia or hypoxia. After intravenous injection, a significantly in-vivo PDT performance is demonstrated on Se6, where tumor growth inhibition rates of 99% is higher than Ce6. These findings offer new insights about both molecular design and mechanism study of type-I PSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wang
- PCFM labGuangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High‐performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional FilmsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Tian Qin
- PCFM labGuangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High‐performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional FilmsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Xie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Faxu Lin
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Guodong Liang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- PCFM labGuangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High‐performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional FilmsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM labGuangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High‐performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional FilmsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineeringthe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong518172P. R. China
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22
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Avancini G, Menilli L, Visentin A, Milani C, Mastrotto F, Moret F. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane-Coated TPCS 2a-Loaded Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1654. [PMID: 37376102 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial improvements in breast cancer (BC) treatment there is still an urgent need to find alternative treatment options to improve the outcomes for patients with advanced-stage disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is gaining a lot of attention as a BC therapeutic option because of its selectivity and low off-target effects. However, the hydrophobicity of photosensitizers (PSs) impairs their solubility and limits the circulation in the bloodstream, thus representing a major challenge. The use of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to encapsulate the PS may represent a valuable strategy to overcome these issues. Herein, we developed a novel biomimetic PDT nanoplatform (NPs) based on a polymeric core of poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA) loaded with the PS meso-tetraphenylchlorin disulfonate (TPCS2a). TPCS2a@NPs of 98.89 ± 18.56 nm with an encapsulation efficiency percentage (EE%) of 81.9 ± 7.92% were obtained and coated with mesenchymal stem cells-derived plasma membranes (mMSCs) (mMSC-TPCS2a@NPs, size of 139.31 ± 12.94 nm). The mMSC coating armed NPs with biomimetic features to impart long circulation times and tumor-homing capabilities. In vitro, biomimetic mMSC-TPCS2a@NPs showed a decrease in macrophage uptake of 54% to 70%, depending on the conditions applied, as compared to uncoated TPCS2a@NPs. Both NP formulations efficiently accumulated in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 BC cells, while the uptake was significantly lower in normal breast epithelial MCF10A cells with respect to tumor cells. Moreover, encapsulation of TPCS2a in mMSC-TPCS2a@NPs effectively prevents its aggregation, ensuring efficient singlet oxygen (1O2) production after red light irradiation, which resulted in a considerable in vitro anticancer effect in both BC cell monolayers (IC50 < 0.15 µM) and three-dimensional spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Avancini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Menilli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Adele Visentin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Celeste Milani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Moret
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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23
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Crintea A, Motofelea AC, Șovrea AS, Constantin AM, Crivii CB, Carpa R, Duțu AG. Dendrimers: Advancements and Potential Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment-An Overview. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051406. [PMID: 37242648 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the main treatment methods for this condition are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. These treatment methods are invasive and can cause severe adverse reactions among organisms, so nanomaterials are increasingly used as structures for anticancer therapies. Dendrimers are a type of nanomaterial with unique properties, and their production can be controlled to obtain compounds with the desired characteristics. These polymeric molecules are used in cancer diagnosis and treatment through the targeted distribution of some pharmacological substances. Dendrimers have the ability to fulfill several objectives in anticancer therapy simultaneously, such as targeting tumor cells so that healthy tissue is not affected, controlling the release of anticancer agents in the tumor microenvironment, and combining anticancer strategies based on the administration of anticancer molecules to potentiate their effect through photothermal therapy or photodynamic therapy. The purpose of this review is to summarize and highlight the possible uses of dendrimers regarding the diagnosis and treatment of oncological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Crintea
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Cătălin Motofelea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alina Simona Șovrea
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anne-Marie Constantin
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen-Bianca Crivii
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rahela Carpa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Institute for Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Gabriela Duțu
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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24
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Sun Q, Suo Y, Lv H, Wang Q, Yin H. Porphin e6 complex loaded with gold nanorod mesoporous silica enhances photodynamic therapy in ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:115. [PMID: 37133615 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A growing amount of experimental evidence has proven that the application of gold nanorods (AuNRs) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) can significantly enhance its therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study was to establish a protocol for investigating the effect of gold nanorods loaded with the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) on photodynamic therapy in the OVCAR3 human ovarian cancer cell line in vitro and to determine whether the PDT effect was different from that of Ce6 alone. OVCAR3 cells were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, Ce6-PDT group, and AuNRs@SiO2@Ce6-PDT group. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by a fluorescence microplate reader. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptotic proteins was detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting. The results showed that compared with that of the Ce6-PDT group, the cell viability of the AuNRs@SiO2@Ce6-PDT group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner, and ROS production increased significantly (P < 0.05). The flow cytometry results showed that the proportion of apoptotic cells in the AuNRs@SiO2@Ce6-PDT group was significantly higher than that in the Ce6-PDT group (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence and western blot results showed that the protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and Bax in the AuNRs@SiO2@Ce6-PDT-treated-OVCAR3 cells were higher than those in the Ce6-PDT-treated cells (P < 0.05), and the protein expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, PARP, and Bcl-2 were slightly lower than those in the Ce6-PDT group (P < 0.05). In summary, our results show that AuNRs@SiO2@Ce6-PDT has a significantly stronger effect on OVCAR3 cells than the effect of Ce6-PDT alone. The mechanism may be related to the expression of Bcl-2 family and caspase family in the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuping Suo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, China.
| | - Haoxuan Lv
- Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, Shanxi, China
| | - Hanzhen Yin
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China
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25
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Rostaminejad B, Karimi AR, Dinari M, Hadizadeh M. Photosensitive Chitosan-Based Injectable Hydrogel Chemically Cross-Linked by Perylene Bisimide Dopamine with Robust Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Enhancer Properties for In Vitro Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1242-1251. [PMID: 36848251 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the fabrication of an antioxidant photosensitizing hydrogel system based on chitosan (CS-Cy/PBI-DOPA) covalently cross-linked with perylene bisimide dopamine (PBI-DOPA) as a photosensitizer. The severe insolubility and low tumor selectivity limitations of perylene were overcome by conjugation with dopamine and then to the chitosan hydrogel. The mechanical and rheological study of CS-Cy/PBI-DOPA photodynamic antioxidant hydrogels illustrated interconnected microporous morphologies with high elasticity, swelling ability, and suitable shear-thinning behavior. Bio-friendly properties, such as biodegradability and biocompatibility, excellent singlet oxygen production abilities, and antioxidant properties were also delivered. The antioxidant effects of the hydrogels control the physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by photochemical reactions in photodynamic therapy (PDT), which are responsible for oxidative damage to tumor cells while protecting normal cells and tissues from ROS damage, including blood and endothelial cells. In vitro, PDT tests of hydrogels were conducted on two human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. These hydrogels offered more than 90% cell viability in the dark and good photocytotoxicity performance with 53 and 43% cell death for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which confirmed their promising potential for cancer therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Rostaminejad
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak 38156-88349, Iran
| | - Mohammad Dinari
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Hadizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran 33531-36846, Iran
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26
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Agwa MM, Elmotasem H, Elsayed H, Abdelsattar AS, Omer AM, Gebreel DT, Mohy-Eldin MS, Fouda MMG. Carbohydrate ligands-directed active tumor targeting of combinatorial chemotherapy/phototherapy-based nanomedicine: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124294. [PMID: 37004933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Phototherapies or light mediated therapies, including mutually photothermal and photodynamic therapy that encompass irradiation of the target organs with light, have been widely employed as minimally invasive approach associated with negligible drug resistance for eradicating multiple tumors with minimal hazards to normal organs. Despite all these advantages, many obstacles in phototherapy hinder progress toward clinical application. Therefore, researchers have developed nano-particulate delivery systems integrated with phototherapy and therapeutic cytotoxic drugs to overcome these obstacles and achieve maximum efficacy in cancer treatment. Active targeting ligands were integrated into their surfaces to improve the selectivity and tumor targeting ability, enabling easy binding and recognition by cellular receptors overexpressed on the tumor tissue compared to normal ones. This enhances intratumoral accumulation with minimal toxicity on the adjacent normal cells. Various active targeting ligands, including antibodies, aptamers, peptides, lactoferrin, folic acid and carbohydrates, have been explored for the targeted delivery of chemotherapy/phototherapy-based nanomedicine. Among these ligands, carbohydrates have been applied due to their unique features that ameliorate the bioadhesive, noncovalent conjugation to biological tissues. In this review, the up-to-date techniques of employing carbohydrates active targeting ligands will be highlighted concerning the surface modification of the nanoparticles for ameliorating the targeting ability of the chemo/phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Agwa
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behooth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | - Heba Elmotasem
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behooth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hassan Elsayed
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdallah S Abdelsattar
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt; Center for X-Ray and Determination of Structure of Matter, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Omer
- Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), P.O. Box 21934, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa T Gebreel
- Medical Biophysics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Mohy-Eldin
- Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), P.O. Box 21934, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Moustafa M G Fouda
- Pre-Treatment and Finishing of Cellulosic Fabric Department, Textile Research and Technology Institute (TRT), National Research Center, 33 El-Behooth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
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27
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Mantareva V, Iliev I, Sulikovska I, Durmuş M, Angelov I. Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) in Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy with Zn(II) Phthalocyanines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054400. [PMID: 36901830 PMCID: PMC10002512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a curative method, firstly developed for cancer therapy with fast response after treatment and minimum side effects. Two zinc(II) phthalocyanines (3ZnPc and 4ZnPc) and a hydroxycobalamin (Cbl) were investigated on two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) in comparison to normal cell lines (MCF-10 and BALB 3T3). The novelty of this study is a complex of non-peripherally methylpyridiloxy substituted Zn(II) phthalocyanine (3ZnPc) and the evaluation of the effects on different cell lines due to the addition of second porphyrinoid such as Cbl. The results showed the complete photocytotoxicity of both ZnPc-complexes at lower concentrations (<0.1 μM) for 3ZnPc. The addition of Cbl caused a higher phototoxicity of 3ZnPc at one order lower concentrations (<0.01 μM) with a diminishment of the dark toxicity. Moreover, it was determined that an increase of the selectivity index of 3ZnPc, from 0.66 (MCF-7) and 0.89 (MDA-MB-231) to 1.56 and 2.31, occurred by the addition of Cbl upon exposure with a LED 660 nm (50 J/cm2). The study suggested that the addition of Cbl can minimize the dark toxicity and improve the efficiency of the phthalocyanines for anticancer PDT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanya Mantareva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bld. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +359-9606-181
| | - Ivan Iliev
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bld. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Inna Sulikovska
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bld. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze 41400, Turkey
| | - Ivan Angelov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bld. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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28
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Hak A, Ali MS, Sankaranarayanan SA, Shinde VR, Rengan AK. Chlorin e6: A Promising Photosensitizer in Photo-Based Cancer Nanomedicine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:349-364. [PMID: 36700563 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cancer treatment modalities are often associated with major therapeutic limitations and severe side effects. Photodynamic therapy is a localized noninvasive mode of treatment that has given a different direction to cancer research due to its effectivity against a wide range of cancers and minimal side effects. A photosensitizer is the key component of photodynamic therapy (PDT) that generates cytotoxic reactive oxygen species to eradicate cancer cells. As the therapeutic effectivity of PDT greatly depends upon the photosensitizer, great efforts have been made to search for an ideal photosensitizer. Chlorin e6 is a FDA approved second generation photosensitizer that meets the desired clinical properties for PDT. It is known for its high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability and anticancer potency against many types of cancer. Hydrophobicity is a major drawback of Ce6 that leads to its poor biodistribution and rapid clearance from the circulatory system. To overcome this drawback, researchers have designed and fabricated several types of nanosystems, which can enhance Ce6 solubility and thereby enhance its bioavailability. These nanosystems also improve tumor accumulation of Ce6 by selectively targeting the cancer cells through passive and active targeting. In addition, Ce6 has been employed in many combination therapies like chemo-photodynamic therapy, photoimmunotherapy, and combined photodynamic-photothermal therapy. A combination therapy is more curative than a single therapy due to the synergistic effects of individual therapies. Ce6-based nanosystems for combination therapies have shown excellent results in various studies and provide a promising platform for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshadul Hak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Mohammad Sadik Ali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | | | - Vinod Ravasaheb Shinde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
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29
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Efficient Synthesis of Chlorin e6 and Its Potential Photodynamic Immunotherapy in Mouse Melanoma by the Abscopal Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043901. [PMID: 36835310 PMCID: PMC9963834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can eradicate not only cancer cells but also stimulate an antitumor immune response. Herein, we describe two efficient synthetic methodologies for the preparation of Chlorin e6 (Ce6) from Spirulina platensis and address the phototoxic effect of Ce6 in vitro along with antitumor activity in vivo. Melanoma B16F10 cells were seeded and phototoxicity was monitored by the MTT assay. The C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously inoculated on the left and right flank with B16F10 cells. The mice were intravenously injected with Ce6 of 2.5 mg/kg and then exposed to red light (660 nm) on the left flank tumors 3 h after the injection. The immune response was studied by analyzing Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) of the right flank tumors through qPCR. Our results revealed that the tumor was suppressed not only in the left flank but also in the right flank, where no PDT was given. The upregulated gene and protein expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 revealed antitumor immunity due to Ce6-PDT. The findings of this study suggest an efficient methodology of Ce6 preparation and the efficacy of Ce6-PDT as a promising antitumor immune response.
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30
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Triphenylphosphonium conjugated gold nanotriangles impact Pi3K/AKT pathway in breast cancer cells: a photodynamic therapy approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2230. [PMID: 36754981 PMCID: PMC9908940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although gold nanoparticles based photodynamic therapy (PDT) were reported to improve efficacy and specificity, the impact of surface charge in targeting cancer is still a challenge. Herein, we report gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) tuned with anionic and cationic surface charge conjugating triphenylphosphonium (TPP) targeting breast cancer cells with 5-aminoleuvinic acid (5-ALA) based PDT, in vitro. Optimized surface charge of AuNTs with and without TPP kill breast cancer cells. By combining, 5-ALA and PDT, the surface charge augmented AuNTs deliver improved cellular toxicity as revealed by MTT, fluorescent probes and flow cytometry. Further, the 5-ALA and PDT treatment in the presence of AuNTs impairs cell survival Pi3K/AKT signaling pathway causing mitochondrial dependent apoptosis. The cumulative findings demonstrate that, cationic AuNTs with TPP excel selective targeting of breast cancer cells in the presence of 5-ALA and PDT.
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31
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Han Z, Qian Y, Gao X, Yang D, Cai Y, Chen Y, Jin J, Yang Z. Hypoxia-responsive covalent organic framework by single NIR laser-triggered for multimodal synergistic therapy of triple-negative breast cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113094. [PMID: 36535221 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, laser-mediated photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy have attracted widespread attention due to their minimally invasive, easy to operate characteristics and high specificity. However, the traditional photodynamic or photothermal therapy exist several shortcomings such as the hypoxic microenvironment, intracellular heat shock proteins or complex operation. In this study, covalent organic framework (COF) was used as the drug carrier to equip with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and the hypoxia-activating prodrug AQ4N. The hyaluronic acid (HA) was modified on the surface of COF to obtain the HA-COF@ICG/AQ4N drug delivery system. HA-modified COF delivery systems can target tumor cells through recognize CD44 which is overexpressed in the surface of tumor cells membrane. Under the irradiation of single NIR laser, ICG that can excite the nanoplatform simultaneously produces a combined effect of photodynamic and photothermal. At the same time, photodynamic therapy through depleting intracellular oxygen exacerbates the hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment, which in turn enhances AQ4N reduced to chemotherapeutic drug AQ4, producing a synergistic cascade antitumor effect. The results of our study by tumor cell and tumor spheroids indicated that the hypoxia-activated multi-functional nanoplatform could effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Han
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yue Qian
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiyue Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dutao Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanfei Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Yan T, Alimu G, Zhu L, Fan H, Zhang L, Du Z, Ma R, Chen S, Alifu N, Zhang X. PpIX/IR-820 Dual-Modal Therapeutic Agents for Enhanced PDT/PTT Synergistic Therapy in Cervical Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:44643-44656. [PMID: 36530282 PMCID: PMC9753516 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
High treatment accuracy is the key to efficient cancer treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are two kinds of popular, precise treatment methods. The combination of photodynamic and photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT) can greatly enhance the precise therapeutic efficacy. In this work, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) was selected as the PDT agent (photosensitizer), and new indocyanine green (IR-820) was selected as the PTT agent. Further, the two kinds of theranostic agents were encapsulated by biological-membrane-compatible liposomes to form PpIX-IR-820@Lipo nanoparticles (NPs), a new kind of PDT/PTT agent. The PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs exhibited good water solubility, a spherical shape, and high fluorescence peak emission in the near-infrared spectral region (700-900 nm, NIR). The cellular toxicity of PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs for human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and human cervical epithelial cells (H8) was detected by the CCK-8 method, and low cytotoxicity was observed for the PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs. Then, the excellent cellular uptake of PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs was confirmed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Moreover, the PDT/PTT property of PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs was illustrated via 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) and annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (annexin V-FITC), as indicator probes. The PDT/PTT synergistic efficiency of PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs on HeLa cells was verified, exhibiting a high efficiency of 70.5%. Thus, the novel theranostic PpIX-IR-820@Lipo NPs can be used as a promising PDT/PTT synergistic theranostic nanoplatform in future cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yan
- Department
of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No.567 Shangde North Road, Ürümqi 830054, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Gulinigaer Alimu
- Department
of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No.567 Shangde North Road, Ürümqi 830054, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department
of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No.567 Shangde North Road, Ürümqi 830054, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Huimin Fan
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Linxue Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Zhong Du
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia/Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Rong Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia/Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia/Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Nuernisha Alifu
- Department
of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No.567 Shangde North Road, Ürümqi 830054, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Department
of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No.567 Shangde North Road, Ürümqi 830054, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence
Diseases in Central Asia, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830054, China
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Rajabi N, Mohammadnejad F, Doustvandi MA, Shadbad MA, Amini M, Tajalli H, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baghbani E, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. Photodynamic therapy with zinc phthalocyanine enhances the anti-cancer effect of tamoxifen in breast cancer cell line: Promising combination treatment against triple-negative breast cancer? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 41:103212. [PMID: 36436735 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based anti-neoplastic therapeutic approach. Growing evidence indicates that combining conventional anti-cancer therapies with PDT can be a promising approach to treat malignancies. Herein, we aimed to investigate anti-cancer effects of the combination treatment of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc)-PDT with tamoxifen (TA) on MDA-MB-231 cells (as a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line). For this purpose, we investigated the cytotoxicity of TA and ZnPc-PDT on MDA-MB-231 cells performing the MTT assay. The effect of TA and ZnPc-PDT on the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells was studied using Annexin V/PI and DAPI staining. The wound-healing assay, and colony formation assay were performed to study the effect of TA and ZnPc-PDT on the migration, and clonogenicity of MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. The qRT-PCR was done to study the gene expression of caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, ZEB1, ROCK1, SNAIL1, CD133, CD44, SOX2, and ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2). Based on our results, monotherapies with TA and ZnPc-PDT can remarkably increase cell cytotoxicity effects, stimulate apoptosis via downregulating Bcl-2 and upregulating caspase-3 and caspase-9, inhibit migration via downregulating SNAIL1 and ZEB1, and suppress clonogenicity via downregulating SOX2 and CD44 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Besides, these monotherapies can downregulate the expression of ABCG2 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Nevertheless, the combination treatment can potentiate the above-mentioned anti-cancer effects compared to monotherapy with TA. Of interest, the combined treatment of TA with ZnPc-PDT can synergically increase cell cytotoxicity effects on MDA-MB-231 cells. In fact, synergistic effects were estimated by calculation of Combination Index (CI); that synergistic outcomes were observed in all groups. Also, this combination treatment can significantly upregulate the caspase-8 gene expression and downregulate ROCK1 and CD133 gene expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. Overall, our results show that ZnPc-PDT can more sensitize the MDA-MB-231 cells to TA treatment. Based on our knowledge and experiment, the synergistic effects of ZnPc-PDT and TA deserve further evaluation in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rajabi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Doustvandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Tajalli
- Biophotonic Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran; Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Nanoformulation of Tetrapyrroles Derivatives in Photodynamic Therapy: A Focus on Bacteriochlorin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3011918. [PMID: 36212948 PMCID: PMC9546677 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3011918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-known remedial treatment for cancer, infections, and various other diseases. PDT uses nontoxic dyes called photosensitizers (PS) that are activated in visible light at the proper wavelength to generate ROS (reactive oxygen species) that aid in killing tumor cells and destroying pathogenic microbes. Deciding a suitable photosensitizer is essential for enhancing the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy. It is challenging to choose the photosensitizer that is appropriate for specific pathological circumstances, such as different cancer species. Porphyrin, chlorin, and bacteriochlorin are tetrapyrroles used with proper functionalization in PDT, among which some compound has been clinically approved. Most photosensitizers are hydrophobic, have minimum solubility, and exhibit cytotoxicity due to the dispersion in biological fluid. This paper reviewed some nanotechnology-based strategies to overcome these drawbacks. In PDT, metal nanoparticles are widely used due to their enhanced surface plasmon resonance. The self-assembled nano-drug carriers like polymeric micelles, liposomes, and metal-based nanoparticles play a significant role in solubilizing the photosensitizer to make them biocompatible.
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Aniogo EC, George BP, Abrahamse H. Characterization of resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells developed by repeated cycles of photodynamic therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:964141. [PMID: 36188530 PMCID: PMC9523167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.964141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer mainly affects women and causes a severe global threat to health. It is often managed and treated with surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy. Generally, chemotherapy as a treatment option is often opposed by responsive tumor relapse and development of resistance, a significant setback of current treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising modality that can treat cancer by combining a photosensitizer and laser irradiation in the presence of oxygen. However, one problem of PDT in treating breast cancer is the apparition of the resistant cell population. Thus, we aimed for stepwise selection and characterization of MCF-7 cells resistant to PDT with a sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS4) photosensitizer. The wild-type MCF-7 was exposed to successive cycles of ZnPcS4-PDT, and 10resistant populations were finally obtained. In wild-type and parental cells, we analyzed the cell morphology (light microscopy), cell cycle (BrdU staining), cell viability (MTT assay), antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase measurement), and immunofluorescence expression of resistant p-glycoprotein (P-gp). The results indicate that resistant cells showed a mesenchymal cell phenotype, few differences in antioxidant activity, an increased DNA synthesis, and more expression of P-gp than the wild-type parental cells. These distinctive features of resistant cells can provide insight into the emergence of MCF-7 cell resistance to PDT, which was necessary to design the best therapeutic procedure for improved efficacy.
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36
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Mazur A, Koziorowska K, Dynarowicz K, Aebisher D, Bartusik-Aebisher D. Vitamin D and Vitamin D3 Supplementation during Photodynamic Therapy: A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183805. [PMID: 36145180 PMCID: PMC9502525 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an unconventional yet increasingly common method of treating dermatological diseases and cancer that is implemented more often in adults than in children. Current clinical uses include treatment of actinic keratosis, superficial basal cell carcinomas, and acne. Despite its high efficiency, photodynamic therapy support supplements have recently been reported in the literature, including calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol), the active form of vitamin D, and vitamin D3 cholecalciferol. In clinical trials, photodynamic therapy enhanced with vitamin D or D3 supplementation has been reported for treatment of squamous cell skin cancers, actinic keratosis, and psoriasis. Experimental research on the effect of photodynamic therapy with vitamin D or D3 has also been carried out in breast cancer cell lines and in animal models. The aim of this review is to evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of vitamin D and D3 as supports for photodynamic therapy. For this purpose, the Pubmed and Scopus literature databases were searched. The search keyword was: “vitamin D in photodynamic therapy”. In the analyzed articles (1979–2022), the authors found experimental evidence of a positive effect of vitamin D and D3 when used in conjunction with photodynamic therapy. An average of 6–30% (in one case, up to 10 times) increased response to photodynamic therapy was reported in combination with vitamin D and D3 as compared to photodynamic therapy alone. Implementing vitamin D and D3 as a supplement to photodynamic therapy is promising and may lead to further clinical trials and new clinical methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mazur
- Students Biochemistry Science Club URCell, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Koziorowska
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence:
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37
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Matlou GG, Abrahamse H. Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks as photosensitizers and nanocarriers in photodynamic therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:971747. [PMID: 36092660 PMCID: PMC9458963 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.971747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new therapeutic system for cancer treatment that is less invasive and offers greater selectivity than chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. PDT employs irradiation light of known wavelength to excite a photosensitizer (PS) agent that undergoes photochemical reactions to release cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) that could trigger apoptosis or necrosis-induced cell death in tumor tissue. Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks (NMOFs) have unique structural advantages such as high porosity, large surface area, and tunable compositions that have attracted attention toward their use as photosensitizers or nanocarriers in PDT. They can be tailored for specific drug loading, targeting and release, hypoxia resistance, and with photoactive properties for efficient response to optical stimuli that enhance the efficacy of PDT. In this review, an overview of the basic chemistry of NMOFs, their design and use as photosensitizers in PDT, and as nanocarriers in synergistic therapies is presented. The review also discusses the morphology and size of NMOFs and their ability to improve photosensitizing properties and localize within a targeted tissue for effective and selective cancer cell death over healthy cells. Furthermore, targeting strategies that improve the overall PDT efficacy through stimulus-activated release and sub-cellular internalization are outlined with relevance to in vitro and in vivo studies from recent years.
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38
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Gupta U, Saren BN, Khaparkhuntikar K, Madan J, Singh PK. Applications of lipid-engineered nanoplatforms in the delivery of various cancer therapeutics to surmount breast cancer. J Control Release 2022; 348:1089-1115. [PMID: 35640765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most extensively accounted malignancy among the women across the globe and is treatable in 70-80% of patients with early-stage, non-metastatic cancer. The current available therapies have been found to be less effective to treat distant organ metastases and advanced breast cancers. The clinical efficacy hugely suffers from chemoresistance, non-specific toxicity, relapse and other associated adverse effects. Furthermore, lack of controlled delivery and effective temporospatial presence of chemotherapeutics has resulted in suboptimal therapeutic response. Nanotechnology based approaches have been widely used over the period as they are nanometric, offer controlled and site-specific drug release along with reduced toxicity, improved half-life, and stability. Lipid-based nanoplatforms have grabbed a tremendous attention for delivering cancer therapeutics as they are cost-effective, scalable and provide better entrapment efficiency. In this review, all the promising applications of lipid-engineered nanotechnological tools for breast cancer will be summarized and discussed. Subsequently, BC therapy achieved with the aid of chemotherapeutics, phytomedicine, genes, peptides, photosensitizers, diagnostic and immunogenic agents etc. will be reviewed and discussed. This review gives tabular information on all the results obtained pertaining to the physicochemical properties of the lipidic nanocarrier, in vitro studies conferring to mechanistic drug release profile, cell viability, cellular apoptosis and in vivo studies referring to cellular internalisation, reduction of tumor volume, PK-PD profile, bioavailability achieved and anti-tumor activity in detail. It also gives complete information on the most relevant clinical trials done on lipidic nanoplatforms over two decades in tabular form. The review highlights the current status and future prospects of lipidic nanoplatforms with streamlined focus on cancer nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Brojendra Nath Saren
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Kedar Khaparkhuntikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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Wang SY, Chen G, Chen JF, Wang J, Deng SH, Cheng D. Glutathione-depleting polymer delivering chlorin e6 for enhancing photodynamic therapy. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21609-21620. [PMID: 35975058 PMCID: PMC9346557 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01877b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is highly dependent on the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the ROS generated by photosensitizers can be consumed by the highly concentrated glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells, severely impairing the therapeutic effect of PDT. Herein, we synthesized a GSH-scavenging copolymer to deliver photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6). The pyridyl disulfide groups, which have faster reactivity with the thiol groups of GSH than other disulfide groups, were grafted onto a hydrophobic block to encapsulate the Ce6. Under NIR irradiation, the Ce6 generated ROS to kill tumor cells, and the pyridyl disulfide groups depleted the GSH to prevent ROS consumption, which synergistically enhanced the therapeutic effect of PDT. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the combinatory antitumor effect of Ce6-induced ROS generation and the pyridyl disulfide group-induced GSH depletion. Therefore, the pyridyl disulfide group-grafted amphiphilic copolymer provides a more efficient strategy for enhancing PDT and has promising potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yin Wang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Guo Chen
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Ji-Feng Chen
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510630 P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hui Deng
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Du Cheng
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
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Ceron Jayme C, Rezende N, S Fernandes D, B de Paula L, Gimenes de Castro B, U Takahashi LA, Tedesco AC. Target selectivity of cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine liposome loaded with phthalocyanine for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment by photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102992. [PMID: 35803557 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the ability of cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine liposomes loaded with chloride aluminum phthalocyanine (CL-AlClPc) to discriminate between healthy (MCF-10A) and neoplastic (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) breast cells for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment by photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a new drug delivery system consisting of CL-AlClPc. When PDT treatment was applied at an energy fluence of 700 mJ/cm², CL-AlClPc was more cytotoxic to neoplastic cells than to healthy breast cells because CL-AlClPc was better internalized by the tumor cells. An even higher fluorescence signal is expected for neoplastic cells during clinical treatment than for healthy cells, which will be useful for precise and targeted tumor cell detection. CL-AlClPc also facilitated better drug distribution and targeting of essential organelles inside the cells. This selectivity is critical for future in vivo diagnosis and treatment; it prevents side effects because it prioritizes tumor cells and tissues instead of healthy ones. The CL-AlClPc system designed herein had a small size (150 nm), low zeta potential (-6 mV), low polydispersity (0.16), high encapsulation rate efficiency (82.83%), and high shelf stability (12 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Ceron Jayme
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Nayara Rezende
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela S Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Leonardo B de Paula
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Gimenes de Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luandra Aparecida U Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering - Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil.
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41
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Makola LC, Nwahara N, Managa M, Nyokong T. Photodynamic therapy activity of 5,10,15-tris(5-bromo-2-thienyl),20(phenylcarboxy)porphyrin conjugated to graphene quantum dot against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2087515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lekgowa Collen Makola
- Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Nnamdi Nwahara
- Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Muthumuni Managa
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (iNanoWS), Florida Campus, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
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42
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Zhang G, Gao X, Zhu Z, Zhou F, Yu D. Determination of the location of the needle entry point based on an improved pruning algorithm. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:7952-7977. [PMID: 35801452 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of new coronaviruses and their variant virus, a large number of medical resources around the world have been put into treatment. In this case, the purpose of this article is to develop a handback intravenous intelligence injection robot, which reduces the direct contact between medical staff and patients and reduces the risk of infection. The core technology of hand back intravenous intelligent robot is a handlet venous vessel detection and segmentation and the position of the needle point position decision. In this paper, an image processing algorithm based on U-Net improvement mechanism (AT-U-Net) is proposed for core technology. It is investigated using a self-built dorsal hand vein database and the results show that it performs well, with an F1-score of 93.91%. After the detection of a dorsal hand vein, this paper proposes a location decision method for the needle entry point based on an improved pruning algorithm (PT-Pruning). The extraction of the trunk line of the dorsal hand vein is realized through this algorithm. Considering the vascular cross-sectional area and bending of each vein injection point area, the optimal injection point of the dorsal hand vein is obtained via a comprehensive decision-making process. Using the self-built dorsal hand vein injection point database, the accuracy of the detection of the effective injection area reaches 96.73%. The accuracy for the detection of the injection area at the optimal needle entry point is 96.50%, which lays a foundation for subsequent mechanical automatic injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Zhang
- School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Shan Dong Jiao Tong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Xiaonan Gao
- School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Shan Dong Jiao Tong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Zhenfang Zhu
- School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Shan Dong Jiao Tong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Fengyv Zhou
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250000, China
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43
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Chan MH, Huang WT, Chen KC, Su TY, Chan YC, Hsiao M, Liu RS. The optical research progress of nanophosphors composed of transition elements in the fourth period of near-infrared windows I and II for deep-tissue theranostics. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:7123-7136. [PMID: 35353112 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00343k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Research in the field of nano-optics is advancing by leaps and bounds, among which near-infrared (NIR) light optics have attracted much attention. NIR light has a longer wavelength than visible light, such that it can avoid shielding caused by biological tissues. This advantage has driven its importance and practicality in human treatment applications and has attracted significant attention from researchers in academia and industry. In the broad spectrum of infrared light wavelengths, the most noticeable ones are the NIR biological window I of 700-900 nm and window II of 1000-1700 nm. Luminescent materials can effectively cover the NIR biological window with different doping strategies. These doped elements are mostly transition elements with multielectron orbitals. Several nanomaterials based on narrow-spectrum lanthanides have been developed to correspond to biological applications of different wavelengths. However, this review explicitly introduces the absorption and reflection/luminescence interactions between NIR light and biological tissues independently. Unlike the adjustment of the wavelength of the lanthanide series, this review analyzes the NIR optical properties of the fourth-period element ions in transition elements (such as Cr3+ and Ni2+). These elements have a broadband wavelength of NIR light emission and higher quantum efficiency, corresponding to the absorption and emission spectrum and photobiological absorption of different NIR windows for therapeutic diagnosis. Finally, this review lists and explores other broadband NIR phosphors and has tried to discover the possibility of non-invasive precision medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Tse Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Chun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Yi Su
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chieh Chan
- Intelligent Minimally Invasive Device Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Shi Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Ibarra LE, Camorani S, Agnello L, Pedone E, Pirone L, Chesta CA, Palacios RE, Fedele M, Cerchia L. Selective Photo-Assisted Eradication of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells through Aptamer Decoration of Doped Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030626. [PMID: 35336001 PMCID: PMC8955042 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be an excellent alternative in the treatment of breast cancer, mainly for the most aggressive type with limited targeted therapies such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We recently generated conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) as efficient photosensitizers for the photo-eradication of different cancer cells. With the aim of improving the selectivity of PDT with CPNs, the nanoparticle surface conjugation with unique 2’-Fluoropyrimidines-RNA-aptamers that act as effective recognition elements for functional surface signatures of TNBC cells was proposed and designed. A coupling reaction with carbodiimide was used to covalently bind NH2-modified aptamers with CPNs synthetized with two polystyrene-based polymer donors of COOH groups for the amide reaction. The selectivity of recognition for TNBC membrane receptors and PDT efficacy were assayed in TNBC cells and compared with non-TNBC cells by flow cytometry and cell viability assays. Furthermore, in vitro PDT efficacy was assayed in different TNBC cells with significant improvement results using CL4, sTN29 and sTN58 aptamers compared to unconjugated CPNs and SCR non-specific aptamer. In a chemoresistance TNBC cell model, sTN58 was the candidate for improving labelling and PDT efficacy with CPNs. We proposed sTN58, sTN29 and CL4 aptamers as valuable tools for selective TNBC targeting, cell internalization and therapeutic improvements for CPNs in PDT protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Exequiel Ibarra
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto y CONICET, Río Cuarto X5800BIA, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto X5800BIA, Argentina
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.A.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: (L.E.I.); (L.C.)
| | - Simona Camorani
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.A.); (M.F.)
| | - Lisa Agnello
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.A.); (M.F.)
| | - Emilia Pedone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Luciano Pirone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Chesta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto y CONICET, Río Cuarto X5800BIA, Argentina; (C.A.C.); (R.E.P.)
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto X5800BIA, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Emiliano Palacios
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto y CONICET, Río Cuarto X5800BIA, Argentina; (C.A.C.); (R.E.P.)
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto X5800BIA, Argentina
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.A.); (M.F.)
| | - Laura Cerchia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (L.A.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: (L.E.I.); (L.C.)
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Some Natural Photosensitizers and Their Medicinal Properties for Use in Photodynamic Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041192. [PMID: 35208984 PMCID: PMC8879555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in early diagnosis and treatment, cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapy for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer. This therapy uses a combination of a photosensitizer (PS), light irradiation of appropriate length and molecular oxygen. The photodynamic effect kills cancer cells through apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy of tumor cells. PDT is a promising approach for eliminating various cancers but is not yet as widely applied in therapy as conventional chemotherapy. Currently, natural compounds with photosensitizing properties are being discovered and identified. A reduced toxicity to healthy tissues and a lower incidence of side effects inspires scientists to seek natural PS for PDT. In this review, several groups of compounds with photoactive properties are presented. The use of natural products has been shown to be a fruitful approach in the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals. This review focused on the anticancer activity of furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, tolyporphins, curcumins, alkaloid and anthraquinones in relation to the light-absorbing properties. Attention will be paid to their phototoxic and anti-cancer effects on various types of cancer.
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HSA-Binding Prodrugs-Based Nanoparticles Endowed with Chemo and Photo-Toxicity against Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040877. [PMID: 35205627 PMCID: PMC8870514 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploiting the tumor environment features (EPR effect, elevated glutathione, reactive oxygen species levels) might allow attaining a selective and responsive carrier capable of improving the therapeutic outcome. To this purpose, the in situ covalent binding of drugs and nanoparticles to circulating human serum albumin (HSA) might represent a pioneering approach to achieve an effective strategy. This study describes the synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bioresponsive HSA-binding nanoparticles (MAL-PTX2S@Pba), co-delivering two different paclitaxel (PTX) prodrugs and the photosensitizer pheophorbide a (Pba), for the combined photo- and chemo-treatment of breast cancer. Stable and reproducible MAL-PTX2S@Pba nanoparticles with an average diameter of 82 nm and a PTX/Pba molar ratio of 2.5 were obtained by nanoprecipitation. The in vitro 2D combination experiments revealed that MAL-PTX2S@Pba treatment induces a strong inhibition of cell viability of MDA-MB-231, MCF7 and 4T1 cell lines, whereas 3D experiments displayed different trends: while MAL-PTX2S@Pba effectiveness was confirmed against MDA-MB-231 spheroids, the 4T1 model exhibited marked resistance. Lastly, despite using a low PTX-PDT regimen (e.g., 8.16 mg/Kg PTX and 2.34 mg/Kg Pba), our formulation showed to foster primary tumor reduction and curb lung metastases growth in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, thus setting the basis for further preclinical validations.
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Development of erythrosine-based photodynamic therapy with a targeted drug delivery system to induce HepG2 cell apoptosis in vitro. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Razmienė B, Vojáčková V, Řezníčková E, Malina L, Dambrauskienė V, Kubala M, Bajgar R, Kolářová H, Žukauskaitė A, Arbačiauskienė E, Šačkus A, Kryštof V. Synthesis of N-aryl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-amines and their photodynamic properties in the human skin melanoma cell line G361. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105570. [PMID: 34953323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A small series of N-aryl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-amines was synthesized from easily accessible 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ol via 7-iodo-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine and 7-iodo-4-methyl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine intermediates and their subsequent use in palladium catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction with various anilines. Majority of the compounds were not significantly cytotoxic to melanoma G361 cells in the dark up to 10 µM concentration, but their activity could be increased by irradiation with visible blue light (414 nm). The most active compound 10 possessed EC50 values of 3.5, 1.6 and 0.9 µM in cells irradiated with 1, 5 and 10 J/cm2, respectively. The treatment caused generation of reactive oxygen species in cells and extensive DNA damage, documented by the comet assay and by detection of phosphorylated histone H2A.X, followed by apoptotic cell death. Our results suggest that N-aryl-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-amines could serve as a potential source of photosensitizing compounds with anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatričė Razmienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania; Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas LT-51423, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Vojáčková
- Depatment of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Řezníčková
- Depatment of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Malina
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc CZ-77515, Czech Republic
| | - Vaida Dambrauskienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Martin Kubala
- Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc CZ-77146, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Bajgar
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc CZ-77515, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolářová
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc CZ-77515, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Žukauskaitė
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic.
| | - Eglė Arbačiauskienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania.
| | - Algirdas Šačkus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania; Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, Kaunas LT-51423, Lithuania
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Depatment of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc CZ-78371, Czech Republic
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Czarnecka-Czapczyńska M, Aebisher D, Oleś P, Sosna B, Krupka-Olek M, Dynarowicz K, Latos W, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. The role of photodynamic therapy in breast cancer - A review of in vitro research. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112342. [PMID: 34678730 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women and the incidence of occurrence is increasing. Currently, there are many methods of detecting and treating breast cancer. Some treatments have a number of side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive method of treatment which uses monochromatic light of low to medium energy to excite previously applied photosensitizers (PS) for ROS production. The purpose of this article is to present a general overview of the use of PDT in in vitro studies of various cancer cell lines. A literature search for articles corresponding to the topic of this review was performed using the PubMed and Scopus databases using the following keywords: 'photodynamic therapy', 'breast cancer', and 'photosensitizer(s).' Much of the reviewed literature is based on evaluations of the cytotoxic potential of various PSs, particularly against the MCF-7 cell line, and enhancement of PDT potential with nanotechnology. Research on photodynamic effects in vitro may be helpful in the pre-clinical search for optimal methods for in vivo clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Czarnecka-Czapczyńska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Piotr Oleś
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Barbara Sosna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krupka-Olek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Latos
- Specialist Hospital No. 2, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Batorego Street 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
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Double-PEGylated Cyclopeptidic Photosensitizer Prodrug Improves Drug Uptake from In Vitro to Hen's Egg Chorioallantoic Membrane Model. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206241. [PMID: 34684822 PMCID: PMC8540087 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclopeptidic photosensitizer prodrugs (cPPPs) are compounds designed to specifically target overexpressed hydrolases such as serine proteases, resulting in their specific activation in close proximity to tumor cells. In this study, we explored a series of conjugates that can be selectively activated by the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). They differ from each other by their pheophorbide a (Pha) loading, their number of PEG chains and the eventual presence of black hole quenchers (BHQ3). The involvement of a peptidic linker between the drugs and the cyclopeptidic carrier allows specific cleavage by uPA. Restoration of the photophysical activity was observed in vitro on A549 lung and MCF7 breast cancer cells that exhibited an increase in red fluorescence emission up to 5.1-fold and 7.8-fold, respectively for uPA-cPPQ2+2/5. While these cPPP conjugates do not show dark toxicity, they revealed their phototoxic potential in both cell lines at 5 µM of Phaeq and a blue light fluence of 12.7 J/cm2 that resulted in complete cell death with almost all conjugates. This suggests, in addition to the promising use for cancer diagnosis, a use as a PDT agent. Intravenous injection of tetrasubstituted conjugates in fertilized hen eggs bearing a lung cancer nodule (A549) showed that a double PEGylation was favorable for the selective accumulation of the unquenched Pha moieties in the tumor nodules. Indeed, the diPEGylated uPA-cPPP4/52 induced a 5.2-fold increase in fluorescence, while the monoPEGylated uPA-cPPP4/5 or uPA-cPPQ2+2/5 led to a 0.4-fold increase only.
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