1
|
Constable PA, Lim JKH, Thompson DA. Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1215097. [PMID: 37600004 PMCID: PMC10433210 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1215097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The retina and brain share similar neurochemistry and neurodevelopmental origins, with the retina, often viewed as a "window to the brain." With retinal measures of structure and function becoming easier to obtain in clinical populations there is a growing interest in using retinal findings as potential biomarkers for disorders affecting the central nervous system. Functional retinal biomarkers, such as the electroretinogram, show promise in neurological disorders, despite having limitations imposed by the existence of overlapping genetic markers, clinical traits or the effects of medications that may reduce their specificity in some conditions. This narrative review summarizes the principal functional retinal findings in central nervous system disorders and related mouse models and provides a background to the main excitatory and inhibitory retinal neurotransmitters that have been implicated to explain the visual electrophysiological findings. These changes in retinal neurochemistry may contribute to our understanding of these conditions based on the findings of retinal electrophysiological tests such as the flash, pattern, multifocal electroretinograms, and electro-oculogram. It is likely that future applications of signal analysis and machine learning algorithms will offer new insights into the pathophysiology, classification, and progression of these clinical disorders including autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease. New clinical applications of visual electrophysiology to this field may lead to earlier, more accurate diagnoses and better targeted therapeutic interventions benefiting individual patients and clinicians managing these individuals and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Constable
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jeremiah K. H. Lim
- Discipline of Optometry, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dorothy A. Thompson
- The Tony Kriss Visual Electrophysiology Unit, Clinical and Academic Department of Ophthalmology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang H, Cai X, Yang ZH, Xiao X, Li M. Regulation of TRANK1 by GSK-3 in the brain: unexpected interactions. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:6109-6111. [PMID: 33931729 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China. .,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China. .,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Arsenault E, Lavigne AA, Mansouri S, Gagné AM, Francis K, Bittar TP, Quessy F, Abdallah K, Barbeau A, Hébert M, Labonté B. Sex-Specific Retinal Anomalies Induced by Chronic Social Defeat Stress in Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:714810. [PMID: 34483859 PMCID: PMC8415161 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.714810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common consequences of chronic stress. Still, there is currently no reliable biomarker to detect individuals at risk to develop the disease. Recently, the retina emerged as an effective way to investigate psychiatric disorders using the electroretinogram (ERG). In this study, cone and rod ERGs were performed in male and female C57BL/6 mice before and after chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). Mice were then divided as susceptible or resilient to stress. Our results suggest that CSDS reduces the amplitude of both oscillatory potentials and a-waves in the rods of resilient but not susceptible males. Similar effects were revealed following the analysis of the cone b-waves, which were faster after CSDS in resilient mice specifically. In females, rod ERGs revealed age-related changes with no change in cone ERGs. Finally, our analysis suggests that baseline ERG can predict with an efficacy up to 71% the expression of susceptibility and resilience before stress exposition in males and females. Overall, our findings suggest that retinal activity is a valid biomarker of stress response that could potentially serve as a tool to predict whether males and females will become susceptible or resilient when facing CSDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Arsenault
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Lavigne
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Samaneh Mansouri
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Gagné
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Kimberley Francis
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Thibault P Bittar
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Quessy
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Khaled Abdallah
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Barbeau
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Hébert
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Labonté
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate visual and retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder. To analyze the correlation between structural changes and visual function parameters. METHODS Thirty patients with bipolar disorder and 80 healthy controls underwent visual function evaluation with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts at 100%, 2.50%, and 1.25% contrast, Pelli-Robson chart, and color vision Farnsworth and Lanthony tests. Analysis of the different retinal layers was performed using Spectralis optical coherence tomography with automated segmentation software. Correlation analysis between structural and functional parameters was conducted. RESULTS Patients with bipolar disorder presented worse color vision compared with controls (Lanthony's index, P = 0.002). Full macular thickness, the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer were reduced in patients compared with healthy individuals (P < 0.005). The inner nuclear layer was significantly thickened in patients (P < 0.005). Peripapillary RNFL thickness was reduced in all temporal sectors (P < 0.005). Significant correlations were found between visual acuity and the RNFL thickness, the Pelli-Robson score and the inner plexiform layer, and between the Lanthony's color index and the ganglion cell layer thickness. CONCLUSION Patients with bipolar disorder present quantifiable thinning of the macular RNFL, ganglion cell layer, and inner plexiform layer, as well as in the peripapillary RNFL thickness, and increasing thinning in the inner nuclear layer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Gavín A, Garcia-Martin E, Garcia-Campayo J, Viladés E, Orduna E, Satué M. The use of optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of patients with bipolar disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 96:141-151. [PMID: 32912807 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental disorder characterised by episodes of extremal mood changes. In recent years, some researchers found neurodegeneration in patients with BD using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Evaluation of the optic nerve and the retinal layers using optical coherence tomography (OCT) has proved to be a useful, non-invasive tool for diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, a decrease in the retinal nerve fibre layer and the ganglion cell complex measured by OCT was found in patients with BD in different studies, suggesting that BD is a neurodegenerative process in addition to a psychiatric disorder. Therefore, the neuro-ophthalmological evaluation of these patients could be used as a marker for diagnosis of this disease. This work analyses literature on retinal degeneration in bipolar disorder patients, and evaluates the ability of OCT devices in the detection of neuronal degeneration affecting the different retinal layers in these patients, and its possible role in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gavín
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Miguel Servet Oftalmología (GIMSO), Zaragoza, España.
| | - E Garcia-Martin
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Miguel Servet Oftalmología (GIMSO), Zaragoza, España
| | - J Garcia-Campayo
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, facultad de ciencias sociales y humanas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
| | - E Viladés
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Miguel Servet Oftalmología (GIMSO), Zaragoza, España
| | - E Orduna
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Miguel Servet Oftalmología (GIMSO), Zaragoza, España
| | - M Satué
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Miguel Servet Oftalmología (GIMSO), Zaragoza, España
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Levchenko A, Nurgaliev T, Kanapin A, Samsonova A, Gainetdinov RR. Current challenges and possible future developments in personalized psychiatry with an emphasis on psychotic disorders. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03990. [PMID: 32462093 PMCID: PMC7240336 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A personalized medicine approach seems to be particularly applicable to psychiatry. Indeed, considering mental illness as deregulation, unique to each patient, of molecular pathways, governing the development and functioning of the brain, seems to be the most justified way to understand and treat disorders of this medical category. In order to extract correct information about the implicated molecular pathways, data can be drawn from sampling phenotypic and genetic biomarkers and then analyzed by a machine learning algorithm. This review describes current difficulties in the field of personalized psychiatry and gives several examples of possibly actionable biomarkers of psychotic and other psychiatric disorders, including several examples of genetic studies relevant to personalized psychiatry. Most of these biomarkers are not yet ready to be introduced in clinical practice. In a next step, a perspective on the path personalized psychiatry may take in the future is given, paying particular attention to machine learning algorithms that can be used with the goal of handling multidimensional datasets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Levchenko
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Timur Nurgaliev
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander Kanapin
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasia Samsonova
- Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Silverstein SM, Fradkin SI, Demmin DL. Schizophrenia and the retina: Towards a 2020 perspective. Schizophr Res 2020; 219:84-94. [PMID: 31708400 PMCID: PMC7202990 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences between people with schizophrenia and psychiatrically healthy controls have been consistently demonstrated on measures of retinal function such as electroretinography (ERG), and measures of retinal structure such as optical coherence tomography (OCT). Since our 2015 review of this literature, multiple new studies have been published using these techniques. At the same time, the accumulation of data has highlighted the "fault lines" in these fields, suggesting methodological considerations that need greater attention in future studies. METHODS We reviewed studies of ERG and OCT in schizophrenia, as well as data from studies whose findings are relevant to interpreting these papers, such as those on effects of the following on ERG and OCT data: comorbid medical conditions that are over-represented in schizophrenia, smoking, antipsychotic medication, substance abuse, sex and gender, obesity, attention, motivation, and influences of brain activity on retinal function. RESULTS Recent ERG and OCT studies continue to support the hypothesis of retinal structural and functional abnormalities in schizophrenia, and suggest that these are relevant to understanding broader aspects of pathophysiology, neurodevelopment, and neurodegeneration in this disorder. However, there are differences in findings which suggest that the effects of multiple variables on ERG and OCT data need further clarification. CONCLUSIONS The retina, as the only component of the CNS that can be imaged directly in live humans, has potential to clarify important aspects of schizophrenia. With greater attention to specific methodological issues, the true potential of ERG and OCT as biomarkers for important clinical phenomena in schizophrenia should become apparent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Silverstein
- Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care, United States; Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Departments of Psychiatry and Ophthalmology, United States.
| | | | - Docia L Demmin
- Rutgers University, Department of Psychology, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hosak L, Sery O, Sadykov E, Studnicka J. Retinal abnormatilites as a diagnostic or prognostic marker of schizophrenia. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2018; 162:159-164. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
9
|
Paul JR, McKeown AS, Davis JA, Totsch SK, Mintz EM, Kraft TW, Cowell RM, Gamble KL. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 regulates photic signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 45:1102-1110. [PMID: 28244152 PMCID: PMC5395359 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is a serine-threonine kinase that regulates mammalian circadian rhythms at the behavioral, molecular and neurophysiological levels. In the central circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3 exhibits a rhythm across the 24 h day. We have recently shown that GSK3 is capable of influencing both the molecular clock and SCN neuronal activity rhythms. However, it is not known whether GSK3 regulates the response to environmental cues such as light. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that GSK3 activation mediates light-induced SCN excitability and photic entrainment. Immunofluorescence staining in the SCN of mice showed that late-night light exposure significantly increased GSK3 activity (decreased pGSK3β levels) 30-60 min after the light-pulse. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 blocked the expected light-induced excitability in SCN neurons; however, this effect was not associated with changes in resting membrane potential or input resistance. Behaviorally, mice with constitutively active GSK3 (GSK3-KI) re-entrained to a 6-h phase advance in the light-dark cycle in significantly fewer days than WT control animals. Furthermore, the behavioral and SCN neuronal activity of GSK3-KI mice was phase-advanced compared to WT, in both normal and light-exposed conditions. Finally, GSK3-KI mice exhibited normal negative-masking behavior and electroretinographic responses to light, suggesting that the enhanced photic entrainment is not due to an overall increased sensitivity to light in these animals. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that GSK3 activation contributes to light-induced phase-resetting at both the neurophysiological and behavioral levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi R. Paul
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| | - Alex S. McKeown
- Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| | - Jennifer A. Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| | - Stacie K. Totsch
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| | - Eric M. Mintz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA, 44242
| | - Timothy W. Kraft
- Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| | - Rita M. Cowell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| | - Karen L. Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA, 35294
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gsk3 Signalling and Redox Status in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from Lithium Efficacy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3030547. [PMID: 27630757 PMCID: PMC5007367 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To discuss the link between glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) and the main biological alterations demonstrated in bipolar disorder (BD), with special attention to the redox status and the evidence supporting the efficacy of lithium (a GSK3 inhibitor) in the treatment of BD. Methods. A literature research on the discussed topics, using Pubmed and Google Scholar, has been conducted. Moreover, a manual selection of interesting references from the identified articles has been performed. Results. The main biological alterations of BD, pertaining to inflammation, oxidative stress, membrane ion channels, and circadian system, seem to be intertwined. The dysfunction of the GSK3 signalling pathway is involved in all the aforementioned “biological causes” of BD. In a complex scenario, it can be seen as the common denominator linking them all. Lithium inhibition of GSK3 could, at least in part, explain its positive effect on these biological dysfunctions and its superiority in terms of clinical efficacy. Conclusions. Deepening the knowledge on the molecular bases of BD is fundamental to identifying the biochemical pathways that must be targeted in order to provide patients with increasingly effective therapeutic tools against an invalidating disorder such as BD.
Collapse
|
11
|
Qin C, Li S, Yan Q, Wang X, Chen Y, Zhou P, Lu M, Zhu F. Elevation of Ser9 phosphorylation of GSK3β is required for HERV-W env-mediated BDNF signaling in human U251 cells. Neurosci Lett 2016; 627:84-91. [PMID: 27235578 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Human endogenous retrovirus W family (HERV-W) envelope (env) is known to be associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. Previous studies showed that overexpression of HERV-W env could induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression. In human and rat cells, BDNF-mediated signal transduction might be modulated by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). Both BDNF and GSK3β are schizophrenia-related genes. In this paper, we investigated whether GSK3β was involved in the HERV-W env-induced expression of BDNF. We found that HERV-W env increased phosphorylation of GSK3β at Ser9 (p-GSK3β (Ser9)) and the ratio of p-GSK3β (Ser9) to total GSK3β (p<0.05) in U251 cells. Overexpression of HERV-W env led to a 36.2% reduction in GSK3β activity compared to control (p<0.05). The levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1 and TSC2 mRNAs were upregulated (p<0.05). These data suggested that overexpression of HERV-W env might activate the GSK3β signaling pathway in U251 cells. Further, knockdown of GSK3β reduced the expression of total GSK3β, p-GSK3β (Ser9), and the ratio of p-GSK3β (Ser9) to total GSK3β by 28.6%, 50.4%, and 30.2%, respectively (p<0.05). Levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1 and TSC2 mRNAs were also reduced (p<0.05). Interestingly, GSK3β activity increased (p<0.05). Knockdown of GSK3β also decreased mRNA and protein expression of BDNF by 49.9% and 48.5% respectively (p<0.05). These results indicated that phosphorylation of GSK3β at Ser9 might be involved in HERV-W env-induced BDNF expression, and will hopefully improve our understanding of the role of HERV-W env in neurological and psychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, etc).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengchen Qin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, PR China
| | - Qiujin Yan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yatang Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Mengxin Lu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Martin S, Lazzarini M, Dullin C, Balakrishnan S, Gomes FV, Ninkovic M, El Hady A, Pardo LA, Stühmer W, Del-Bel E. SK3 Channel Overexpression in Mice Causes Hippocampal Shrinkage Associated with Cognitive Impairments. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1078-1091. [PMID: 26803493 PMCID: PMC5310555 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of the small-conductance calcium-activated K+ channel SK3 has been described as one of the factors responsible for the progress of psychoneurological diseases, but the molecular basis of this is largely unknown. This report reveals through use of immunohistochemistry and computational tomography that long-term increased expression of the SK3 small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (SK3-T/T) in mice induces a notable bilateral reduction of the hippocampal area (more than 50 %). Histological analysis showed that SK3-T/T mice have cellular disarrangements and neuron discontinuities in the hippocampal formation CA1 and CA3 neuronal layer. SK3 overexpression resulted in cognitive loss as determined by the object recognition test. Electrophysiological examination of hippocampal slices revealed that SK3 channel overexpression induced deficiency of long-term potentiation in hippocampal microcircuits. In association with these results, there were changes at the mRNA levels of some genes involved in Alzheimer’s disease and/or linked to schizophrenia, epilepsy, and autism. Taken together, these features suggest that augmenting the function of SK3 ion channel in mice may present a unique opportunity to investigate the neural basis of central nervous system dysfunctions associated with schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, or other neuropsychiatric/neurodegenerative disorders in this model system. As a more detailed understanding of the role of the SK3 channel in brain disorders is limited by the lack of specific SK3 antagonists and agonists, the results observed in this study are of significant interest; they suggest a new approach for the development of neuroprotective strategies in neuropsychiatric/neurodegenerative diseases with SK3 representing a potential drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcio Lazzarini
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Dullin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Georg-August University Medical Center, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saju Balakrishnan
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Georg-August University Medical Center, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felipe V Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Milena Ninkovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georg-August University Medical Center, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ahmed El Hady
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Bernstein Focus for Neurotechnology and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany
- Theoretical Neurophysics, Department of Non-linear Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- The Interdisciplinary Collaborative Research Center 889 "Cellular Mechanisms of Sensory Processing", Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis A Pardo
- Oncophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Walter Stühmer
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Center Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
- Bernstein Focus for Neurotechnology and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Pathology, CNPQ Research 1B (Biophysics, Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Neuroscience), University of São Paulo Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, Avenida do Café 3400, 14040-904, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oda Y, Kanahara N, Iyo M. Alterations of Dopamine D2 Receptors and Related Receptor-Interacting Proteins in Schizophrenia: The Pivotal Position of Dopamine Supersensitivity Psychosis in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:30144-63. [PMID: 26694375 PMCID: PMC4691170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) has been a main target of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy for the treatment of schizophrenia, the standard treatment does not offer sufficient relief of symptoms to 20%-30% of patients suffering from this disorder. Moreover, over 80% of patients experience relapsed psychotic episodes within five years following treatment initiation. These data strongly suggest that the continuous blockade of DRD2 by antipsychotic(s) could eventually fail to control the psychosis in some point during long-term treatment, even if such treatment has successfully provided symptomatic improvement for the first-episode psychosis, or stability for the subsequent chronic stage. Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis (DSP) is historically known as a by-product of antipsychotic treatment in the manner of tardive dyskinesia or transient rebound psychosis. Numerous data in psychopharmacological studies suggest that the up-regulation of DRD2, caused by antipsychotic(s), is likely the mechanism underlying the development of the dopamine supersensitivity state. However, regardless of evolving notions of dopamine signaling, particularly dopamine release, signal transduction, and receptor recycling, most of this research has been conducted and discussed from the standpoint of disease etiology or action mechanism of the antipsychotic, not of DSP. Hence, the mechanism of the DRD2 up-regulation or mechanism evoking clinical DSP, both of which are caused by pharmacotherapy, remains unknown. Once patients experience a DSP episode, they become increasingly difficult to treat. Light was recently shed on a new aspect of DSP as a treatment-resistant factor. Clarification of the detailed mechanism of DSP is therefore crucial, and a preventive treatment strategy for DSP or treatment-resistant schizophrenia is urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Oda
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Nobuhisa Kanahara
- Division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Masaomi Iyo
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The variety of physiological functions controlled by dopamine in the brain and periphery is mediated by the D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 dopamine GPCRs. Drugs acting on dopamine receptors are significant tools for the management of several neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and Parkinson's disease. Recent investigations of dopamine receptor signalling have shown that dopamine receptors, apart from their canonical action on cAMP-mediated signalling, can regulate a myriad of cellular responses to fine-tune the expression of dopamine-associated behaviours and functions. Such signalling mechanisms may involve alternate G protein coupling or non-G protein mechanisms involving ion channels, receptor tyrosine kinases or proteins such as β-arrestins that are classically involved in GPCR desensitization. Another level of complexity is the growing appreciation of the physiological roles played by dopamine receptor heteromers. Applications of new in vivo techniques have significantly furthered the understanding of the physiological functions played by dopamine receptors. Here we provide an update of the current knowledge regarding the complex biology, signalling, physiology and pharmacology of dopamine receptors.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lavoie J, Hébert M, Beaulieu JM. Looking beyond the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 genetic expression on electroretinogram response: what about lithium? Biol Psychiatry 2015; 77:e15-e17. [PMID: 25193244 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Lavoie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Hébert
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Cervico-Facial Surgery
| | - Jean-Martin Beaulieu
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen G, Henter ID, Manji HK. Looking ahead: electroretinographic anomalies, glycogen synthase kinase-3, and biomarkers for neuropsychiatric disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2014; 76:86-8. [PMID: 24948381 PMCID: PMC4175717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson, San Diego, California
| | - Ioline D Henter
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Husseini K Manji
- Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson, Titusville, New Jersey.
| |
Collapse
|