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Chen X, Liu X, Luan S, Wang X, Zhang Y, Hao Y, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zhao H. Optogenetic activation of the lateral habenula D1R-ventral tegmental area circuit induces depression-like behavior in mice. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:867-878. [PMID: 38236282 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
A number of different receptors are distributed in glutamatergic neurons of the lateral habenula (LHb). These glutamatergic neurons are involved in different neural pathways, which may identify how the LHb regulates various physiological functions. However, the role of dopamine D1 receptor (D1R)-expressing habenular neurons projecting to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) (LHbD1R-VTA) remains not well understood. In the current study, to determine the activity of D1R-expressing neurons in LHb, D1R-Cre mice were used to establish the chronic restraint stress (CRS) depression model. Adeno-associated virus was injected into bilateral LHb in D1R-Cre mice to examine whether optogenetic activation of the LHb D1R-expressing neurons and their projections could induce depression-like behavior. Optical fibers were implanted in the LHb and VTA, respectively. To investigate whether optogenetic inhibition of the LHbD1R-VTA circuit could produce antidepressant-like effects, the adeno-associated virus was injected into the bilateral LHb in the D1R-Cre CRS model, and optical fibers were implanted in the bilateral VTA. The D1R-expressing neuronal activity in the LHb was increased in the CRS depression model. Optogenetic activation of the D1R-expressing neurons in LHb induced behavioral despair and anhedonia, which could also be induced by activation of the LHbD1R-VTA axons. Conversely, optogenetic inhibition of the LHbD1R-VTA circuit improved behavioral despair and anhedonia in the CRS depression model. D1R-expressing glutamatergic neurons in the LHb and their projections to the VTA are involved in the occurrence and regulation of depressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinmin Street No. 126, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxin Luan
- Department of Mental Health, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuxin Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinmin Street No. 126, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulei Hao
- Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinmin Street No. 126, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Xinmin Street No. 126, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
- Neuroscience Research Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Flores AJ, Bartlett MJ, Seaton BT, Samtani G, Sexauer MR, Weintraub NC, Siegenthaler JR, Lu D, Heien ML, Porreca F, Sherman SJ, Falk T. Antagonism of kappa opioid receptors accelerates the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a preclinical model of moderate dopamine depletion. Brain Res 2023; 1821:148613. [PMID: 37783263 PMCID: PMC10841913 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Levels of the opioid peptide dynorphin, an endogenous ligand selective for kappa-opioid receptors (KORs), its mRNA and pro-peptide precursors are differentially dysregulated in Parkinson's disease (PD) and following the development of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). It remains unclear whether these alterations contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PD motor impairment and the subsequent development of LID, or whether they are part of compensatory mechanisms. We sought to investigate nor-BNI, a KOR antagonist, 1) in the dopamine (DA)-depleted PD state, 2) during the development phase of LID, and 3) via measuring of tonic levels of striatal DA. While nor-BNI (3 mg/kg; s.c.) did not lead to functional restoration in the DA-depleted state, it affected the dose-dependent development of abnormal voluntary movements (AIMs) in response to escalating doses of l-DOPA in a rat PD model with a moderate striatal 6-hydroxdopamine (6-OHDA) lesion. We tested five escalating doses of l-DOPA (6, 12, 24, 48, 72 mg/kg; i.p.), and nor-BNI significantly increased the development of AIMs at the 12 and 24 mg/kg l-DOPA doses. However, after reaching the 72 mg/kg l-DOPA, AIMs were not significantly different between control and nor-BNI groups. In summary, while blocking KORs significantly increased the rate of development of LID induced by chronic, escalating doses of l-DOPA in a moderate-lesioned rat PD model, it did not contribute further once the overall severity of LID was established. While we observed an increase of tonic DA levels in the moderately lesioned dorsolateral striatum, there was no tonic DA change following administration of nor-BNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Flores
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Mitchell J Bartlett
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Blake T Seaton
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Grace Samtani
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Morgan R Sexauer
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Nathan C Weintraub
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - James R Siegenthaler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Dong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Michael L Heien
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Frank Porreca
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Scott J Sherman
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Torsten Falk
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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3
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Hagenow S, Affini A, Pioli EY, Hinz S, Zhao Y, Porras G, Namasivayam V, Müller CE, Lin JS, Bezard E, Stark H. Adenosine A 2AR/A 1R Antagonists Enabling Additional H 3R Antagonism for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8246-8262. [PMID: 34107215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A1/A2A receptors (A1R/A2AR) represent targets in nondopaminergic treatment of motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). As an innovative strategy, multitargeting ligands (MTLs) were developed to achieve comprehensive PD therapies simultaneously addressing comorbid symptoms such as sleep disruption. Recognizing the wake-promoting capacity of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists in combination with the "caffeine-like effects" of A1R/A2AR antagonists, we designed A1R/A2AR/H3R MTLs, where a piperidino-/pyrrolidino(propyloxy)phenyl H3R pharmacophore was introduced with overlap into an adenosine antagonist arylindenopyrimidine core. These MTLs showed distinct receptor binding profiles with overall nanomolar H3R affinities (Ki < 55 nM). Compound 4 (ST-2001, Ki (A1R) = 11.5 nM, Ki (A2AR) = 7.25 nM) and 12 (ST-1992, Ki (A1R) = 11.2 nM, Ki (A2AR) = 4.01 nM) were evaluated in vivo. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia was improved after administration of compound 4 (1 mg kg-1, i.p. rats). Compound 12 (2 mg kg-1, p.o. mice) increased wakefulness representing novel pharmacological tools for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hagenow
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Affini
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Elsa Y Pioli
- Motac Neuroscience Limited, SK10 4TF Macclesfield, U.K
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Alfred-Herrhausen-Street 50, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Yan Zhao
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UI028, CNRS UMR 5292, Claude Bernard University, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France
| | | | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UI028, CNRS UMR 5292, Claude Bernard University, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Motac Neuroscience Limited, SK10 4TF Macclesfield, U.K
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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Yang K, Zhao X, Wang C, Zeng C, Luo Y, Sun T. Circuit Mechanisms of L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia (LID). Front Neurosci 2021; 15:614412. [PMID: 33776634 PMCID: PMC7988225 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.614412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
L-DOPA is the criterion standard of treatment for Parkinson disease. Although it alleviates some of the Parkinsonian symptoms, long-term treatment induces L-DOPA–induced dyskinesia (LID). Several theoretical models including the firing rate model, the firing pattern model, and the ensemble model are proposed to explain the mechanisms of LID. The “firing rate model” proposes that decreasing the mean firing rates of the output nuclei of basal ganglia (BG) including the globus pallidus internal segment and substantia nigra reticulata, along the BG pathways, induces dyskinesia. The “firing pattern model” claimed that abnormal firing pattern of a single unit activity and local field potentials may disturb the information processing in the BG, resulting in dyskinesia. The “ensemble model” described that dyskinesia symptoms might represent a distributed impairment involving many brain regions, but the number of activated neurons in the striatum correlated most strongly with dyskinesia severity. Extensive evidence for circuit mechanisms in driving LID symptoms has also been presented. LID is a multisystem disease that affects wide areas of the brain. Brain regions including the striatum, the pallidal–subthalamic network, the motor cortex, the thalamus, and the cerebellum are all involved in the pathophysiology of LID. In addition, although both amantadine and deep brain stimulation help reduce LID, these approaches have complications that limit their wide use, and a novel antidyskinetic drug is strongly needed; these require us to understand the circuit mechanism of LID more deeply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changcai Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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5
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Fridjonsdottir E, Shariatgorji R, Nilsson A, Vallianatou T, Odell LR, Schembri LS, Svenningsson P, Fernagut PO, Crossman AR, Bezard E, Andrén PE. Mass spectrometry imaging identifies abnormally elevated brain l-DOPA levels and extrastriatal monoaminergic dysregulation in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/2/eabe5948. [PMID: 33523980 PMCID: PMC7787486 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe5948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
l-DOPA treatment for Parkinson's disease frequently leads to dyskinesias, the pathophysiology of which is poorly understood. We used MALDI-MSI to map the distribution of l-DOPA and monoaminergic pathways in brains of dyskinetic and nondyskinetic primates. We report elevated levels of l-DOPA, and its metabolite 3-O-methyldopa, in all measured brain regions of dyskinetic animals and increases in dopamine and metabolites in all regions analyzed except the striatum. In dyskinesia, dopamine levels correlated well with l-DOPA levels in extrastriatal regions, such as hippocampus, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and cortical areas, but not in the striatum. Our results demonstrate that l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is linked to a dysregulation of l-DOPA metabolism throughout the brain. The inability of extrastriatal brain areas to regulate the formation of dopamine during l-DOPA treatment introduces the potential of dopamine or even l-DOPA itself to modulate neuronal signaling widely across the brain, resulting in unwanted side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elva Fridjonsdottir
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Reza Shariatgorji
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, National Resource for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, National Resource for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Theodosia Vallianatou
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke R Odell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke S Schembri
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, National Resource for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Section of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM, U0-1084, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Expérimentales et Cliniques, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Erwan Bezard
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France.
- CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- Motac Neuroscience, Manchester M15 6WE, UK
| | - Per E Andrén
- Medical Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Science for Life Laboratory, National Resource for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Samoudi G, Nilsson A, Carlsson T, Bergquist F. c-Fos Expression after Stochastic Vestibular Stimulation and Levodopa in 6-OHDA Hemilesioned Rats. Neuroscience 2020; 424:146-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chagraoui A, Boulain M, Juvin L, Anouar Y, Barrière G, De Deurwaerdère P. L-DOPA in Parkinson's Disease: Looking at the "False" Neurotransmitters and Their Meaning. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010294. [PMID: 31906250 PMCID: PMC6981630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) has been successfully used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) for more than 50 years. It fulfilled the criteria to cross the blood–brain barrier and counteract the biochemical defect of dopamine (DA). It remarkably worked after some adjustments in line with the initial hypothesis, leaving a poor place to the plethora of mechanisms involving other neurotransmitters or mechanisms of action beyond newly synthesized DA itself. Yet, its mechanism of action is far from clear. It involves numerous distinct cell populations and does not mimic the mechanism of action of dopaminergic agonists. L-DOPA-derived DA is mainly released by serotonergic neurons as a false neurotransmitter, and serotonergic neurons are involved in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. The brain pattern and magnitude of DA extracellular levels together with this status of false neurotransmitters suggest that the striatal effects of DA via this mechanism would be minimal. Other metabolic products coming from newly formed DA or through the metabolism of L-DOPA itself could be involved. These compounds can be trace amines and derivatives. They could accumulate within the terminals of the remaining monoaminergic neurons. These “false neurotransmitters,” also known for some of them as inducing an “amphetamine-like” mechanism, could reduce the content of biogenic amines in terminals of monoaminergic neurons, thereby impairing the exocytotic process of monoamines including L-DOPA-induced DA extracellular outflow. The aim of this review is to present the mechanism of action of L-DOPA with a specific attention to “false neurotransmission.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239 CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (A.C.); (Y.A.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Boulain
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
| | - Laurent Juvin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
| | - Youssef Anouar
- Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239 CHU de Rouen, 76000 Rouen, France; (A.C.); (Y.A.)
| | - Grégory Barrière
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Unité Mixte de Recherche 5287), 33076 Bordeaux CEDEX, France; (M.B.); (L.J.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-0-557-57-12-90
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Gyengesi E, Rangel A, Ullah F, Liang H, Niedermayer G, Asgarov R, Venigalla M, Gunawardena D, Karl T, Münch G. Chronic Microglial Activation in the GFAP-IL6 Mouse Contributes to Age-Dependent Cerebellar Volume Loss and Impairment in Motor Function. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:303. [PMID: 31001075 PMCID: PMC6456818 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic microglial activation is a prominent feature of many chronic neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. To investigate the effects of chronic microglial activation on cerebellar structure and motor function throughout the lifespan, the transgenic GFAP-IL6 mouse model was used. The aim of the study was to examine inflammatory markers and neuronal degeneration while simultaneously characterizing the motor performance of GFAP-IL6 mice at 3, 6, 14, and 24 months of age in comparison to WT (C57BL/6) mice. In respect to markers of neuroinflammation in the cerebellum, increased numbers of Iba1+ microglia were observed as early as at 3 months of age. In addition, TNF-α levels proved to be significantly higher in the GFAP-IL6 compared to WT mice at all time points. A difference in cerebellar volume between the GFAP-IL6 and WT mice was observed later in life, starting at 6 months and increasing to a loss of about 50% in aged (24 months old) GFAP-IL6 mice. Synaptic deficits were also assessed by using pre- (synaptophysin) and post-synaptic (PSD95) markers. While synaptophysin levels remained unchanged, PSD95 levels decreased in the aging GFAP-IL6 mice compared to their WT littermates from 14 months onward. To assess the effect of microglia activation and neurodegeneration on behavior, a variety of motor function tests, semi-quantitative cerebellar ataxia score, accelerod, beam walking, and open field tests were performed. An age-dependent difference between the genotypes was observed in many of the motor function tests. For example, reduced performance on the accelerod and higher ataxia scores were observed at 6 months of age, followed by the beam walking test showing differences at 14 months of age. In summary, this study constitutes a comprehensive, age-dependent examination of inflammatory, synaptic and neurodegenerative changes in the brains of GFAP-IL6 mice leading to a deterioration in motor performance. The results also indicate that early chronic microglia activation in the GFAP-IL6 mouse leads to observable cerebellar volume loss and motor deficits later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Gyengesi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Alejandra Rangel
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Faheem Ullah
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Garry Niedermayer
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Rustam Asgarov
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Madhuri Venigalla
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Dhanushka Gunawardena
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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9
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Cenci MA, Jörntell H, Petersson P. On the neuronal circuitry mediating L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1157-1169. [PMID: 29704061 PMCID: PMC6060876 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of rodent models of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), a growing literature has linked molecular changes in the striatum to the development and expression of abnormal involuntary movements. Changes in information processing at the striatal level are assumed to impact on the activity of downstream basal ganglia nuclei, which in turn influence brain-wide networks, but very little is actually known about systems-level mechanisms of dyskinesia. As an aid to approach this topic, we here review the anatomical and physiological organisation of cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits, and the changes affecting these circuits in animal models of parkinsonism and LID. We then review recent findings indicating that an abnormal cerebellar compensation plays a causal role in LID, and that structures outside of the classical motor circuits are implicated too. In summarizing the available data, we also propose hypotheses and identify important knowledge gaps worthy of further investigation. In addition to informing novel therapeutic approaches, the study of LID can provide new clues about the interplay between different brain circuits in the control of movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Jörntell
- Neural Basis of Sensorimotor Control, Department Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Petersson
- The Group for Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurotechnology, Neuronano Research Centre, Department Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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10
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Wang Q, Li M, Xie Z, Cai J, Li N, Xiao H, Wang N, Wang J, Luo F, Zhang W. Granger causality supports abnormal functional connectivity of beta oscillations in the dorsolateral striatum and substantia nigra pars reticulata in hemiparkinsonian rats. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:3357-3365. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Involvement of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in L-Dopa induced dyskinesia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2348. [PMID: 28539659 PMCID: PMC5443775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A whole brain immediate early gene mapping highlighted the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dlBST) as a structure putatively involved in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa)-induced dyskinesia (LID), the debilitating side-effects of chronic dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson’s disease (PD). dlBST indeed displayed an overexpression of ∆FosB, ARC, Zif268 and FRA2 only in dyskinetic rats. We thus hypothesized that dlBST could play a role in LID hyperkinetic manifestations. To assess the causal role of the dlBST in LID, we used Daun02 inactivation to selectively inhibit the electrical activity of dlBST ΔFosB-expressing neurons. Daun02 is a prodrug converted into Daunorubicin by ß-galactosidase. Then, the newly synthesized Daunorubicin is an inhibitor of neuronal excitability. Therefore, following induction of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs), 6-OHDA rats were injected with Daun02 in the dlBST previously expressing ß-galactosidase under control of the FosB/ΔFosB promoter. Three days after Daun02 administration, the rats were tested daily with L-Dopa to assess LID. Pharmacogenetic inactivation of ∆FosB-expressing neuron electrophysiological activity significantly reduced AIM severity. The present study highlights the role of dlBST in the rodent analog of LID, offering a new target to investigate LID pathophysiology.
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De Deurwaerdère P, Di Giovanni G, Millan MJ. Expanding the repertoire of L-DOPA's actions: A comprehensive review of its functional neurochemistry. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 151:57-100. [PMID: 27389773 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Though a multi-facetted disorder, Parkinson's disease is prototypically characterized by neurodegeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a severe disruption of motor function. Accordingly, L-DOPA, the metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA), is well-established as a treatment for the motor deficits of Parkinson's disease despite long-term complications such as dyskinesia and psychiatric side-effects. Paradoxically, however, despite the traditional assumption that L-DOPA is transformed in residual striatal dopaminergic neurons into DA, the mechanism of action of L-DOPA is neither simple nor entirely clear. Herein, focussing on its influence upon extracellular DA and other neuromodulators in intact animals and experimental models of Parkinson's disease, we highlight effects other than striatal generation of DA in the functional profile of L-DOPA. While not excluding a minor role for glial cells, L-DOPA is principally transformed into DA in neurons yet, interestingly, with a more important role for serotonergic than dopaminergic projections. Moreover, in addition to the striatum, L-DOPA evokes marked increases in extracellular DA in frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, the subthalamic nucleus and additional extra-striatal regions. In considering its functional profile, it is also important to bear in mind the marked (probably indirect) influence of L-DOPA upon cholinergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in the basal ganglia and/or cortex, while anomalous serotonergic transmission is incriminated in the emergence of L-DOPA elicited dyskinesia and psychosis. Finally, L-DOPA may exert intrinsic receptor-mediated actions independently of DA neurotransmission and can be processed into bioactive metabolites. In conclusion, L-DOPA exerts a surprisingly complex pattern of neurochemical effects of much greater scope that mere striatal transformation into DA in spared dopaminergic neurons. Their further experimental and clinical clarification should help improve both L-DOPA-based and novel strategies for controlling the motor and other symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR CNRS 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Neuroscience Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Malta
| | - Mark J Millan
- Institut de Recherche Servier, Pole for Therapeutic Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, 78290 Croissy/Seine,Paris, France
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Bastide MF, Meissner WG, Picconi B, Fasano S, Fernagut PO, Feyder M, Francardo V, Alcacer C, Ding Y, Brambilla R, Fisone G, Jon Stoessl A, Bourdenx M, Engeln M, Navailles S, De Deurwaerdère P, Ko WKD, Simola N, Morelli M, Groc L, Rodriguez MC, Gurevich EV, Quik M, Morari M, Mellone M, Gardoni F, Tronci E, Guehl D, Tison F, Crossman AR, Kang UJ, Steece-Collier K, Fox S, Carta M, Angela Cenci M, Bézard E. Pathophysiology of L-dopa-induced motor and non-motor complications in Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2015. [PMID: 26209473 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately experienced by the vast majority of patients. In addition, psychiatric conditions often manifested as compulsive behaviours, are emerging as a serious problem in the management of L-dopa therapy. The present review attempts to provide an overview of our current understanding of dyskinesia and other L-dopa-induced dysfunctions, a field that dramatically evolved in the past twenty years. In view of the extensive literature on LID, there appeared a critical need to re-frame the concepts, to highlight the most suitable models, to review the central nervous system (CNS) circuitry that may be involved, and to propose a pathophysiological framework was timely and necessary. An updated review to clarify our understanding of LID and other L-dopa-related side effects was therefore timely and necessary. This review should help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing the generation of dyskinetic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu F Bastide
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bordeaux, France
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Fasano
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michael Feyder
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronica Francardo
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cristina Alcacer
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yunmin Ding
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Riccardo Brambilla
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Jon Stoessl
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and National Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Engeln
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvia Navailles
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Wai Kin D Ko
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicola Simola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Cagliari University, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Morelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Cagliari University, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laurent Groc
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut Interdisciplinaire de neurosciences, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut Interdisciplinaire de neurosciences, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria-Cruz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia and Neuroscience Unit, Bio Donostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Maryka Quik
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuela Mellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tronci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Section, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dominique Guehl
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Tison
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Un Jung Kang
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine & The Udall Center of Excellence in Parkinson's Disease Research, 333 Bostwick Ave NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Susan Fox
- Morton & Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Center, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M4T 2S8, Canada
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Section, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erwan Bézard
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Motac Neuroscience Ltd, Manchester, UK.
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