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de la Salle S, Piche J, Duncan B, Choueiry J, Hyde M, Aidelbaum R, Baddeley A, Impey D, Rahmani N, Ilivitsky V, Knott V. Influence of GABA A and GABA B receptor activation on auditory sensory gating and its association with anxiety in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2024; 38:532-540. [PMID: 38647196 DOI: 10.1177/02698811241246854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctional sensory gating in anxiety disorders, indexed by the failure to inhibit the P50 event-related potential (ERP) to repeated stimuli, has been linked to deficits in the major inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). AIMS/METHODS This study, conducted in 30 healthy volunteers, examined the acute effects of GABAA (lorazepam: 1 mg) and GABAB receptor (baclofen: 10 mg) agonists on P50 measures of auditory sensory gating within a paired-stimulus (S1-S2) paradigm and assessed changes in gating in relation to self-ratings of anxiety. RESULTS Compared to placebo, lorazepam reduced ERP indices of sensory gating by attenuating response to S1. Although not directly impacting P50 inhibition, baclofen-induced changes in gating (relative to placebo) were negatively correlated with trait but not state anxiety. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings support the involvement of GABA in sensory gating and tentatively suggest a role for GABAB receptor signaling in anxiety-associated gating dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara de la Salle
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Piche
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Brittany Duncan
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joëlle Choueiry
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Molly Hyde
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Aidelbaum
- School of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ashley Baddeley
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle Impey
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Noreen Rahmani
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Verner Knott
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Tillman GD, Morris EE, Bass C, Turner M, Watson K, Brooks JT, Rawlinson T, Kozel FA, Kraut MA, Motes MA, Hart J. P3a amplitude to trauma-related stimuli reduced after successful trauma-focused PTSD treatment. Biol Psychol 2023; 182:108648. [PMID: 37482132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
An elevated P3a amplitude to trauma-related stimuli is strongly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet little is known about whether this response to trauma-related stimuli is affected by treatment that decreases PTSD symptoms. As an analysis of secondary outcome measures from a randomized controlled trial, we investigated the latency and amplitude changes of the P3a in responses in a three-condition oddball visual task that included trauma-related (combat scenes) and trauma-unrelated (threatening animals) distractors. Fifty-five U.S. veterans diagnosed with combat-related PTSD were randomized to receive either active or sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). All received cognitive processing therapy, CPT+A, which requires a written account of the index trauma. They were tested before and 6 months after protocol completion. P3a amplitude and response time decreases were driven largely by the changes in the responses to the trauma-related stimuli, and this decrease correlated to the decrease in PTSD symptoms. The amplitude changes were greater in those who received rTMS + CPT than in those who received sham rTMS + CPT, suggesting that rTMS plays beneficial role in reducing arousal and threat bias, which may allow for more effective engagement in trauma-focused PTSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail D Tillman
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | | | - Christina Bass
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mary Turner
- Departments of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kelsey Watson
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jared T Brooks
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tyler Rawlinson
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F Andrew Kozel
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Kraut
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Motes
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John Hart
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Departments of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Departments of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Santos-Carrasco D, De la Casa LG. Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:226. [PMID: 37550772 PMCID: PMC10408198 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathological research is moving from a specific approach towards transdiagnosis through the analysis of processes that appear transversally to multiple pathologies. A phenomenon disrupted in several disorders is prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, in which startle to an intense sensory stimulus, or pulse, is reduced if a weak stimulus, or prepulse, is previously presented. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS The present systematic review analyzed the role of PPI deficit as a possible transdiagnostic process for four main groups of neuropsychiatric disorders: (1) trauma-, stress-, and anxiety-related disorders (2) mood-related disorders, (3) neurocognitive disorders, and (4) other disorders such as obsessive-compulsive, tic-related, and substance use disorders. We used Web of Science, PubMed and PsycInfo databases to search for experimental case-control articles that were analyzed both qualitatively and based on their potential risk of bias. A total of 64 studies were included in this systematic review. Protocol was submitted prospectively to PROSPERO 04/30/2022 (CRD42022322031). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results showed a general PPI deficit in the diagnostic groups mentioned, with associated deficits in the dopaminergic neurotransmission system, several areas implied such as the medial prefrontal cortex or the amygdala, and related variables such as cognitive deficits and anxiety symptoms. It can be concluded that the PPI deficit appears across most of the neuropsychiatric disorders examined, and it could be considered as a relevant measure in translational research for the early detection of such disorders.
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Kimble M, Cappello O, Fleming K. Hypervigilance and depression as predictors of eye tracking to ambiguous pictures in trauma survivors. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 187:27-33. [PMID: 36738931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypervigilance, attentional bias, and negative views of the world play a significant role in post trauma symptomatology and can be associated with both clinical depression and posttraumatic stress. However, both theory and research suggest there may be discernible differences in attentional patterns between these two outcomes. While depression may be associated with a general negativity bias, posttraumatic stress may be specifically associated with visual scanning, hypervigilance, and threat detection. In this study, seventy-seven community trauma survivors completed self-assessments for hypervigilance, depression, and posttraumatic cognitions and then had their eyes tracked while looking at a series of thirty neutral but ambiguous and complex pictures on a computer screen. Mean age of the sample was 36.3 with 52 % of the sample identifying as female. We found that hypervigilance scores and negative views of the world predicted both the number of fixations and area of the picture covered. These factors did not predict pupil size. These findings suggest that there are discernable gaze patterns after trauma associated with posttraumatic stress but not depression. Specifically, ambiguous pictures generate more fixations and scanning that is associated with vigilance but not depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kimble
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, United States of America.
| | - Olivia Cappello
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, United States of America
| | - Kevin Fleming
- Department of Psychology, Norwich University, Northfield, VT 05663, United States of America
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Zukerman G, Pinhas M, Icht M. Hypervigilance or shutdown? Electrophysiological processing of trauma-unrelated aversive stimuli after traumatic life events. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:1185-1197. [PMID: 36847844 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06578-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) research indicates that hyper-reactivity to trauma-related stimuli reflects reduced prefrontal cortex (PFC) modulation of amygdala reactivity. However, other studies indicate a dissociative "shutdown" reaction to overwhelming aversive stimuli, possibly reflecting PFC over-modulation. To explore this, we used an Event-Related Potential (ERP) oddball paradigm to study P3 responses in the presence of the following: 1. Trauma-unrelated morbid distractors (e.g., "injured bear") related to the Rorschach inkblot test, and 2. Negative distractors (e.g., "significant failure"), among participants with high post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTS; n = 20), low PTS (n = 17), and controls (n = 15). Distractors were presented at 20% frequency amongst the more frequent (60%) neutral standard stimuli (e.g., "desk lamp") and the equally frequent (20%) neutral trauma-unrelated target stimulus ("golden fish"). P3 amplitudes were high in the presence of morbid distractors and low in the presence of negative distractors only amongst the control group. Possible mechanisms underlying the lack of P3 amplitude modulation after trauma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Zukerman
- Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Michal Pinhas
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michal Icht
- Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel
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Emotional processing prospectively modulates the impact of anxiety on COVID-19 pandemic-related post-traumatic stress symptoms: an ERP study. J Affect Disord 2022; 303:245-254. [PMID: 35172175 PMCID: PMC8842094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering that the elevated distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in some cases, led to post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), it has been proposed as a specific traumatic event. The present longitudinal study investigated pre-pandemic motivated attention to emotional stimuli, as indexed by Late Positive Potential (LPP) amplitude, in relation with the potential differential role of anxiety and depressive symptoms in predicting PTSS severity related to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 79 university students initially completed self-report measures of depression and anxiety along with a passive viewing task of emotional (pleasant, unpleasant) and neutral pictures while electroencephaloghic activity was recorded. In December 2020, 57 participants completed a questionnaire assessing PTSS. RESULTS Significant interactions between anxiety and LPP emerged in predicting pandemic-related PTSS, where greater anxiety symptoms predicted PTSS only in individuals with greater LPP to unpleasant or with reduced LPP to pleasant stimuli. LIMITATIONS The prevalence of the female sex, the relatively young age of the participants, as well as the fact that they were all enrolled in a University course might not allow the generalization of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the present longitudinal study provided novel evidence on EEG predictors of pandemic-related PTSS that might be useful for the prevention and treatment of PTSS. Indeed, assessing anxiety symptoms and pre-trauma LPP to emotional stimuli might be a useful target for identifying individuals that are more vulnerable to the development of PTSS during times of crisis.
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Schellhaas S, Schmahl C, Bublatzky F. Social threat and safety learning in individuals with adverse childhood experiences: electrocortical evidence on face processing, recognition, and working memory. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2135195. [PMID: 36325256 PMCID: PMC9621267 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2135195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are often associated with stress and anxiety-related disorders in adulthood, and learning and memory deficits have been suggested as a potential link between ACEs and psychopathology. OBJECTIVE In this preregistered study, the impact of social threat learning on the processing, encoding, and recognition of unknown faces as well as their contextual settings was measured by recognition performance and event-related brain potentials. METHOD Sixty-four individuals with ACEs encoded neutral faces within threatening or safe context conditions. During recognition, participants had to decide whether a face was new or had been previously presented in what context (item-source memory), looking at old and new faces. For visual working memory, participants had to detect changes in low and high load conditions during contextual threat or safety. RESULTS Results showed a successful induction of threat expectation in persons with ACEs. In terms of face and source recognition, overall recognition of safe and new faces was better compared to threatening face-compounds, with more socially anxious individuals having an advantage in remembering threatening faces. For working memory, an effect of task load was found on performance, irrespective of threat or safety context. Regarding electrocortical activity, an old/new recognition effect and threat-selective processing of face-context information was observed during both encoding and recognition. Moreover, neural activity associated with change detection was found for faces in a threatening context, but only at high task load, suggesting reduced capacity for faces in potentially harmful situations when cognitive resources are limited. CONCLUSION While individuals with ACE showed intact social threat and safety learning overall, threat-selective face processing was observed for item/source memory, and a threatening context required more processing resources for visual working memory. Further research is needed to investigate the psychophysiological processes involved in functional and dysfunctional memory systems and their importance as vulnerability factors for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Schellhaas
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schmahl
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Bublatzky
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Pagella S, Deussing JM, Kopp-Scheinpflug C. Expression Patterns of the Neuropeptide Urocortin 3 and Its Receptor CRFR2 in the Mouse Central Auditory System. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:747472. [PMID: 34867212 PMCID: PMC8633543 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.747472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory systems have to be malleable to context-dependent modulations occurring over different time scales, in order to serve their evolutionary function of informing about the external world while also eliciting survival-promoting behaviors. Stress is a major context-dependent signal that can have fast and delayed effects on sensory systems, especially on the auditory system. Urocortin 3 (UCN3) is a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor family. As a neuropeptide, UCN3 regulates synaptic activity much faster than the classic steroid hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Moreover, due to the lack of synaptic re-uptake mechanisms, UCN3 can have more long-lasting and far-reaching effects. To date, a modest number of studies have reported the presence of UCN3 or its receptor CRFR2 in the auditory system, particularly in the cochlea and the superior olivary complex, and have highlighted the importance of this stress neuropeptide for protecting auditory function. However, a comprehensive map of all neurons synthesizing UCN3 or CRFR2 within the auditory pathway is lacking. Here, we utilize two reporter mouse lines to elucidate the expression patterns of UCN3 and CRFR2 in the auditory system. Additional immunolabelling enables further characterization of the neurons that synthesize UCN3 or CRFR2. Surprisingly, our results indicate that within the auditory system, UCN3 is expressed predominantly in principal cells, whereas CRFR2 expression is strongest in non-principal, presumably multisensory, cell types. Based on the presence or absence of overlap between UCN3 and CRFR2 labeling, our data suggest unusual modes of neuromodulation by UCN3, involving volume transmission and autocrine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pagella
- Division of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Conny Kopp-Scheinpflug
- Division of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Goldstein BL, Grasso DJ, McCarthy KJ, DiVietro S, Briggs-Gowan MJ. Neurophysiological patterns associated with blunted emotional face processing and withdrawal tendencies in young children exposed to intimate partner violence. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22154. [PMID: 34196402 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies linking child maltreatment to abnormal neurophysiological responses to emotional stimuli and mental health impairment have not specifically explored these patterns in young children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). The present study examined two neurophysiological indicators, resting-state electroencephalography and an emotion event-related potential (ERP) in 21 IPV exposed and 30 nonexposed children ages 4-6 years recruited from the community and domestic violence shelters. Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) was assessed while at rest. FAA is often associated with avoidant/withdrawn behavior and increased risk of IPV-related mental health conditions (e.g., depression). Additionally, the late positive potential (LPP) ERP component, reflecting motivated attention, was acquired in the context of an age-appropriate affective oddball paradigm with low probability animal pictures as targets and human facial expressions (angry, happy, neutral) as distracters. Results demonstrated that IPV-exposed children, compared with nonexposed children, exhibited lower left FAA during resting state and reduced LPPs to oddball targets and affective faces relative to neutral faces in the oddball task. Together, these results suggest neural patterns associated with a blunted response to emotional stimuli and withdrawal tendencies, respectively, in young children exposed to IPV. Implications for emotional socialization in this vulnerable population are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Damion J Grasso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kimberly J McCarthy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Susie DiVietro
- Injury Prevention Center, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Margaret J Briggs-Gowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Hien DA, López-Castro T, Fitzpatrick S, Ruglass LM, Fertuck EA, Melara R. A unifying translational framework to advance treatment research for comorbid PTSD and substance use disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:779-794. [PMID: 34062208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We provide a unifying translational framework that can be used to synthesize extant lines of human laboratory research in four neurofunctional domains that underlie the co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress and substance use disorders (PTSD+SUD). We draw upon the Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDOC) to include executive functioning, negative emotionality, reward, and added social cognition from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria into our framework. We review research findings across each of the four domains, emphasizing human experimental studies in PTSD, SUD, and PTSD+SUD for each domain. We also discuss the implications of research findings for treatment development by considering new ways of conceptualizing risk factors and outcomes at the level of the individual patient, which will enhance treatment matching and advance innovations in intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A Hien
- Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States.
| | - Teresa López-Castro
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Lesia M Ruglass
- Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States; Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric A Fertuck
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert Melara
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
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Event related potentials indexing the influence of emotion on cognitive processing in veterans with comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:1389-1397. [PMID: 34023623 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emotion regulation and cognitive executive control are significantly impaired in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). These illnesses are increasingly common in veterans and their co-occurrence may exacerbate symptoms and recovery. The current study sought to investigate neural correlates of these impairments via event-related potentials (ERPs) and examined the association of PTSD symptom severity and impulsivity with these correlates. METHODS Electroencephalographic data from seventy-nine veterans with PTSD and TBI and 17 control participants were recorded during a visual emotional oddball task and analyzed for the N2 and P3b ERPs. RESULTS Results revealed that veterans showed a reduced P3b ERP in response to both target images and standard images. However, for standard images that followed a negative emotional distractor, the veterans showed a heightened N2 amplitude while the controls did not. In addition, impulsivity predicted modulation of the P3b across stimulus conditions, with a greater P3b amplitude associated with an increase in impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that veterans showed hyper-responsivity to background information and reduced ERPs to task-relevant information. SIGNIFICANCE These findings may reflect heightened internal states that create neural noise and a reduced ability to modulate relevant responses.
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12
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Li Z, Xue X, Li X, Bao X, Yu S, Wang Z, Liu M, Ma H, Zhang D. Neuropsychological effect of working memory capacity on mental rotation under hypoxia environment. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 165:18-28. [PMID: 33839196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High-altitude exposure induces the decline of spatial manipulation such as mental rotation which is limited by working memory capacity, but the underlying neuropsychological effect remains to be identified. We evaluated the mental rotation task and the contralateral delay activity (CDA) task under hypoxia environment using the event-related potential. When compared with the controls, the behavior response was slowed on two tasks in the high-altitude group. The declined mental rotation and the decreased working memory capacity were synchronously related to the amplitudes of P50 and CDA, respectively. The P50 during mental rotation was positively correlated to that of rotation-related negativity (RRN) component, so was with the CDA. Time-frequency analysis showed that the beta/alpha power in mental rotation and the theta/alpha/beta power in CDA were enhanced in the high-altitude group. The present study might suggest that the decline of working memory capacity induced poor performance of mental rotation, which may be derived from a bottom-up sensory gating deficit reflected by P50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, South China Normal University/Tibet University, China
| | - Xiaohua Bao
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, South China Normal University/Tibet University, China
| | - Sifang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China
| | - Zengjian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Plateau Brain Science Research Center, South China Normal University/Tibet University, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, South China Normal University/Tibet University, China
| | - Delong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, China; Plateau Brain Science Research Center, South China Normal University/Tibet University, China.
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13
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Storozheva ZI, Akhapkin RV, Bolotina OV, Korendrukhina A, Novototsky-Vlasov VY, Shcherbakova IV, Kirenskaya AV. Sensorimotor and sensory gating in depression, anxiety, and their comorbidity. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:183-193. [PMID: 32420779 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1770859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal attentional and cognitive processes are thought to increase the risk for depression and anxiety. To improve understanding of brain mechanisms of anxiety and depressive disorders and condition of their comorbidity, the study of early attentional processes was provided. METHODS Participants were patients with depressive (80 s.), anxiety (69 s.), and comorbid (41 s.) disorders, and healthy volunteers (50 s.). Acoustic startle response (ASR) and P50 component of the auditory event-related potential were recorded. RESULTS In the ASR model decreased startle response amplitude at the left eye in patients with comorbid disorder was found, and ASR latency was lengthened in all clinical groups. Deficit of prepulse inhibition was unique for comorbid disorder, and might be considered as risk of evolution to more serious condition. Reduced prepulse facilitation was revealed in patients with comorbid and anxiety disorders. In P50 suppression paradigm decreased S1 response amplitude was revealed in all clinical groups, P50 latency was prolonged in depressive and comorbid patients, and P50 suppression deficit was observed in depression and anxiety groups. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results might be useful for development of integrative neural models of comorbidity of anxiety and depression, and elaboration of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinaida I Storozheva
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Roman V Akhapkin
- Department of new drugs and therapies, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Bolotina
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Korendrukhina
- Department of new drugs and therapies, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Y Novototsky-Vlasov
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Anna V Kirenskaya
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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14
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Campanella S, Arikan K, Babiloni C, Balconi M, Bertollo M, Betti V, Bianchi L, Brunovsky M, Buttinelli C, Comani S, Di Lorenzo G, Dumalin D, Escera C, Fallgatter A, Fisher D, Giordano GM, Guntekin B, Imperatori C, Ishii R, Kajosch H, Kiang M, López-Caneda E, Missonnier P, Mucci A, Olbrich S, Otte G, Perrottelli A, Pizzuti A, Pinal D, Salisbury D, Tang Y, Tisei P, Wang J, Winkler I, Yuan J, Pogarell O. Special Report on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical EEG and Research and Consensus Recommendations for the Safe Use of EEG. Clin EEG Neurosci 2021; 52:3-28. [PMID: 32975150 PMCID: PMC8121213 DOI: 10.1177/1550059420954054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global COVID-19 pandemic has affected the economy, daily life, and mental/physical health. The latter includes the use of electroencephalography (EEG) in clinical practice and research. We report a survey of the impact of COVID-19 on the use of clinical EEG in practice and research in several countries, and the recommendations of an international panel of experts for the safe application of EEG during and after this pandemic. METHODS Fifteen clinicians from 8 different countries and 25 researchers from 13 different countries reported the impact of COVID-19 on their EEG activities, the procedures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and precautions planned or already implemented during the reopening of EEG activities. RESULTS Of the 15 clinical centers responding, 11 reported a total stoppage of all EEG activities, while 4 reduced the number of tests per day. In research settings, all 25 laboratories reported a complete stoppage of activity, with 7 laboratories reopening to some extent since initial closure. In both settings, recommended precautions for restarting or continuing EEG recording included strict hygienic rules, social distance, and assessment for infection symptoms among staff and patients/participants. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic interfered with the use of EEG recordings in clinical practice and even more in clinical research. We suggest updated best practices to allow safe EEG recordings in both research and clinical settings. The continued use of EEG is important in those with psychiatric diseases, particularly in times of social alarm such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Campanella
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Belgium
| | - Kemal Arikan
- Kemal Arıkan Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele Cassino, Cassino (FR), Italy
| | - Michela Balconi
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viviana Betti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ingegneria Informatica (DICII), University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Brunovsky
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany Czech Republic.,Third Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carla Buttinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Public Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Comani
- BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Dumalin
- AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV, Campus Henri Serruys, Lab of Neurophysiology, Department Neurology-Psychiatry, Ostend, Belgium
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab-Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tübingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School and Training Center, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases DZNE, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Derek Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, and Department of Psychiatry, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Bahar Guntekin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ryouhei Ishii
- Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hendrik Kajosch
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Belgium
| | - Michael Kiang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Research in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Pascal Missonnier
- Mental Health Network Fribourg (RFSM), Sector of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adults, Marsens, Switzerland
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Olbrich
- Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Department for Psychiatry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Perrottelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pizzuti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Pinal
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Center for Research in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Dean Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Paolo Tisei
- Department of Neurosciences, Public Health and Sense Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Istvan Winkler
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jiajin Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Oliver Pogarell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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15
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Miller LN, Simmons JG, Whittle S, Forbes D, Felmingham K. The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on event-related potentials in affective and non-affective paradigms: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 122:120-142. [PMID: 33383070 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with neural processing deficits affecting early automatic and later conscious processing. Event-related Potentials (ERPs) are high resolution indices of automatic and conscious processing, but there are no meta-analyses that have examined automatic and conscious ERPs in PTSD across multiple paradigms. This systematic review examined 69 studies across affective and non-affective auditory and visual paradigms. Individuals with PTSD were compared to trauma-exposed and non-trauma controls on ERPs reflecting automatic (N1, P1, N2, P2) and conscious (P3, LPP) processing. Trauma exposure was associated with increased automatic ERP amplitudes to irrelevant auditory information. PTSD further showed increased automatic and conscious allocation of resources to affective information, reduced automatic attending and classification as well as reduced attention processing and working memory updating of non-affective information. Therefore, trauma exposure is associated with enhanced early processing of incoming stimuli, and PTSD with enhanced processing of affective stimuli and impaired processing of non-affective stimuli. This review highlights the need for longitudinal ERP studies in PTSD, adopting standardized procedures and methodological designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Miller
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Julian G Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Whittle
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Phoenix Australia, Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kim Felmingham
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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16
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Lobo I, Campagnoli RR, Figueira JS, Andrade I, Figueira I, Gama C, Gonçalves RM, Keil A, Pereira MG, Volchan E, Oliveira L, David IA. Hidden wounds of violence: Abnormal motor oscillatory brain activity is related to posttraumatic stress symptoms. Neuroimage 2020; 224:117404. [PMID: 32971264 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Victims of urban violence are at risk of developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), one of the most debilitating consequences of violence. Considering that PTSD may be associated with inefficient selection of defensive responses, it is important to understand the relation between motor processing and PTSD. The present study aims to investigate the extent to which the severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) is related to motor preparation against visual threat cues in victims of urban violence. Participants performed a choice reaction time task while ignoring a picture that could be threating or neutral. The EEG indices extracted were the motor-related amplitude asymmetry (MRAA) in the alpha frequency range, and the lateralized readiness potential (LRP). We observed a linear relation between longer LRP latency and a slower reaction time, selectively during threat processing (compared to neutral) in low PTSS, but not in high PTSS participants. Alpha MRAA suppression and the PTSS were also linearly related: the smaller the alpha MRAA suppression in the threat condition relative to neutral, the greater the PTSS. These results provide evidence that threatening cues affect motor processing that is modulated by the severity of PTSS in victims of urban violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Lobo
- Grupo de Psicobiologia, Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia. Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafaela R Campagnoli
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil; Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S Figueira
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil; Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Isabela Andrade
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil; Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ivan Figueira
- Laboratório Integrado de Pesquisa do Estresse. Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camila Gama
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Andreas Keil
- Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Mirtes G Pereira
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Eliane Volchan
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia II. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil
| | - Isabel A David
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia do Comportamento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Hernani Pires de Mello, 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil; Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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17
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Thoma L, Rentzsch J, Gaudlitz K, Tänzer N, Gallinat J, Kathmann N, Ströhle A, Plag J. P50, N100, and P200 Sensory Gating in Panic Disorder. Clin EEG Neurosci 2020; 51:317-324. [PMID: 31914806 DOI: 10.1177/1550059419899324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) has been linked to abnormalities in information processing. However, only little evidence has been published for sensory gating in PD. Sensory gating describes the brain's ability to exclude stimuli of low relevance from higher level information processing, thereby sustaining efficient cognitive processing. Deficits in sensory gating have been associated with various psychiatric conditions, most prominently schizophrenia. In this case-control event-related potential study, we tested 32 patients with PD and 39 healthy controls in a double click paradigm. Both groups were compared with regard to pre-attentive (P50), early-attentive (N100), and late-attentive (P200) sensory gating indices. Contrary to a hypothesized deficit, PD patients and healthy controls showed no differences in P50, N100 and P200 values. These results suggest that sensory gating seems to be functional across the pre-attentive, early-attentive, and late-attentive time span in this clinical population. Given this consistency across auditory sensory gating indices, further research aiming to clarify information processing deficits in PD should focus on other neurophysiological markers to investigate information processing deficits in PD (eg, P300, error-related negativity or mismatch negativity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Thoma
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin.,Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Rentzsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Katharina Gaudlitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Nicole Tänzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Kathmann
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Jens Plag
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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18
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Kim YW, Kim S, Shim M, Jin MJ, Jeon H, Lee SH, Im CH. Riemannian classifier enhances the accuracy of machine-learning-based diagnosis of PTSD using resting EEG. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 102:109960. [PMID: 32376342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, objective and automated methods for the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have attracted increasing attention. However, previous studies on machine-learning-based diagnosis of PTSD with resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) have reported poor accuracies of as low as 60%. Here, a Riemannian geometry-based classifier, the Fisher geodesic minimum distance to the mean (FgMDM), was employed for PTSD classification for the first time. Eyes-closed resting-state EEG data of 39 healthy individuals and 42 PTSD patients were used for the analysis. EEG source activities in 148 cortical regions were parcellated based on the Destrieux atlas, and their covariances were evaluated for each individual. Thirty epochs of preprocessed EEG were employed to calculate source activities. In addition, the FgMDM approach was applied to each EEG source covariance to construct the classifier. For a comparison, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) classifiers employing source band powers and network features as feature candidates were also tested. The FgMDM classifier showed an average classification accuracy of 75.240.80%. In contrast, the maximum accuracies of LDA, SVM, and RF classifiers were 66.54 ± 2.99%, 61.11 ± 2.98%, and 60.99 ± 2.19%, respectively. Our study demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of PTSD with resting-state EEG could be significantly improved by employing the FgMDM framework, which is a type of Riemannian geometry-based classifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Wook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkean Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Miseon Shim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Min Jin Jin
- Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Department of psychology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Jeon
- Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Clinical Emotion and Cognition Research Laboratory, Inje University, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Inje University, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hwan Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Cwik JC, Vahle N, Woud ML, Potthoff D, Kessler H, Sartory G, Seitz RJ. Reduced gray matter volume in the left prefrontal, occipital, and temporal regions as predictors for posttraumatic stress disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:577-588. [PMID: 30937515 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-01011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The concept of acute stress disorder (ASD) was introduced as a diagnostic entity to improve the identification of traumatized people who are likely to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neuroanatomical models suggest that changes in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus play a role in the development of PTSD. Using voxel-based morphometry, this study aimed to investigate the predictive power of gray matter volume (GMV) alterations for developing PTSD. The GMVs of ASD patients (n = 21) were compared to those of PTSD patients (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 18) in whole-brain and region-of-interest analyses. The GMV alterations seen in ASD patients shortly after the traumatic event (T1) were also correlated with PTSD symptom severity and symptom clusters 4 weeks later (T2). Compared with healthy controls, the ASD patients had significantly reduced GMV in the left visual cortex shortly after the traumatic event (T1) and in the left occipital and prefrontal regions 4 weeks later (T2); no significant differences in GMV were seen between the ASD and PTSD patients. Furthermore, a significant negative association was found between the GMV reduction in the left lateral temporal regions seen after the traumatic event (T1) and PTSD hyperarousal symptoms 4 weeks later (T2). Neither amygdala nor hippocampus alterations were predictive for the development of PTSD. These data suggest that gray matter deficiencies in the left hemispheric occipital and temporal regions in ASD patients may predict a liability for developing PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Christopher Cwik
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Human Sciences, Universität zu Köln, Pohligstr. 1, 50969, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Nils Vahle
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Marcella Lydia Woud
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Potthoff
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrik Kessler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gudrun Sartory
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, School of Human and Social Sciences, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rüdiger J Seitz
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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20
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Yochman A, Pat-Horenczyk R. Sensory Modulation in Children Exposed to Continuous Traumatic Stress. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2020; 13:93-102. [PMID: 32318232 PMCID: PMC7163836 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-019-00254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary evidence supports a possible association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sensory modulation disorder (SMD). Nevertheless, the research focusing on this relationship in children is notably limited. This study examined children with and without PTS symptoms, by comparing their mothers' perceptions of their responses to sensory events in daily life. Mothers of 134 non-referred children aged 5-11, exposed to continuous traumatic stress due to political violence, completed the UCLA-RI and the Short Sensory Profile questionnaires. Significant differences emerged between children with different levels of PTS symptoms in various sensory modalities. Furthermore, half of the symptomatic children had suspected clinically significant deficits in sensory processing. In addition, PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with most of the sensory processing scores. Logistic regression indicated that the overall sensory processing score was a significant predictor of group classification. The results indicate that children with PTS symptoms may be at increased risk for sensory processing deficits. Evaluation of sensory processing should be incorporated into the routine evaluation of this population in order to determine whether this is an additional factor contributing to a child's difficulties in participating in daily activities. Subsequent intervention programs should then address the multiple needs of these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Yochman
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine of Hadassah and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 24026, Mount Scopus, 91240 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Pat-Horenczyk
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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21
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Cheng CH, Liu CY, Hsu SC. Altered functional connectivity between primary and secondary somatosensory areas in panic disorder. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285:112808. [PMID: 32004761 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Disturbance in the interpretation of bodily sensation has been widely reported in patients with panic disorder (PD). However, it remains substantially unknown whether patients with PD exhibit any defect in cortical somatosensory processing of non-threatening stimuli. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the functional integrity of the cortical somatosensory system in patients with PD using neurophysiological recordings. A total of 20 patients with PD and 20 healthy controls (HC) were recruited to investigate the cortical responses to median nerve stimulation through whole-head magnetoencephalographic (MEG) imaging. To comprehensively investigate all somatosensory functioning, we studied the regional activation of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI), contralateral (SIIc), and ipsilateral (SIIi) secondary somatosensory cortices, as well as functional connectivity among the SI, SIIc, and SIIi in alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands. We found that patients with PD demonstrated a reduction in SI activity compared with those in the HC group. Furthermore, a significantly weaker gamma-band functional connectivity between SI and SIIc was found in the PD group relative to the HC group. Our data suggest that patients with PD exhibit abnormal responses to non-threatening (i.e., pain-free) stimuli in the cortical somatosensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND Lab), Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yih Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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22
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Lijffijt M, Green CE, Balderston N, Iqbal T, Atkinson M, Vo-Le B, Vo-Le B, O’Brien B, Grillon C, Swann AC, Mathew SJ. A Proof-of-Mechanism Study to Test Effects of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Lanicemine on Behavioral Sensitization in Individuals With Symptoms of PTSD. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:846. [PMID: 31920733 PMCID: PMC6923195 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a heightened sensitivity to subsequent stressors, addictive drugs, and symptom recurrence, a form of behavioral sensitization. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are involved in the establishment and activation of sensitized behavior. Objective: We describe a protocol of a randomized placebo-controlled Phase 1b proof-of-mechanism trial to examine target engagement, safety, tolerability, and possible efficacy of the NMDAR antagonist lanicemine in individuals with symptoms of PTSD (Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS-5] score ≥ 25) and evidence of behavioral sensitization measured as enhanced anxiety-potentiated startle (APS; T-score ≥ 2.8). Methods: Subjects (n = 24; age range 21-65) receive three 60-min intravenous infusions of placebo or 100 mg lanicemine over 5 non-consecutive days. Primary endpoint is change in APS from pre-treatment baseline to after the third infusion. NMDAR engagement is probed with resting state EEG gamma band power, 40 Hz auditory steady state response, the mismatch negativity amplitude, and P50 sensory gating. Change in CAPS-5 scores is an exploratory clinical endpoint. Bayesian statistical methods will evaluate endpoints to determine suitability of this agent for further study. Conclusion: In contrast to traditional early-phase trials that use symptom severity to track treatment efficacy, this study tracks engagement of the study drug on expression of behavioral sensitization, a functional mechanism likely to cut across disorders. This experimental therapeutics design is consistent with recent NIMH-industry collaborative studies, and could serve as a template for testing novel pharmacological agents in psychiatry. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03166501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijn Lijffijt
- Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Charles E. Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatrics - Center for Evidence Based Medicine, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicholas Balderston
- Section on Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tabish Iqbal
- Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Megan Atkinson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brittany Vo-Le
- Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bylinda Vo-Le
- Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brittany O’Brien
- Research Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christian Grillon
- Department of Pediatrics - Center for Evidence Based Medicine, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alan C. Swann
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Mental Health Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sanjay J. Mathew
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Mental Health Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
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23
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Niemantsverdriet MBA, Slotema CW, van der Veen FM, van der Gaag M, Sommer IEC, Deen M, Franken IHA. Sensory processing deficiencies in patients with borderline personality disorder who experience auditory verbal hallucinations. Psychiatry Res 2019; 281:112545. [PMID: 31536946 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are common in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). We examined two candidate mechanisms of AVH in patients with BPD, suggested to underlie sensory processing systems that contribute to psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia; sensory gating (P50 ratio and P50 difference) and change detection (mismatch negativity; MMN). Via electroencephalographic recordings P50 amplitude, P50 ratio, P50 difference and MMN amplitude were compared between 23 borderline patients with and 25 without AVH, and 26 healthy controls. Borderline patients with AVH had a significantly lower P50 difference compared with healthy controls, whereas no difference was found between borderline patients without AVH and healthy controls. The groups did not differ on MMN amplitude. The impaired sensory gating in patients with borderline personality disorder who experience AVH implies that P50 sensory gating deficiencies may underlie psychotic vulnerability in this specific patient group. Patients with borderline personality disorder with or without AVH did not have problems with auditory change detection. This may explain why they are spared from the poor outcome associated with negative symptoms and symptoms of disorganization in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B A Niemantsverdriet
- Department of Personality Disorders, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Lijnbaan 4, The Hague, VA, 2512, the Netherlands.
| | - Christina W Slotema
- Department of Personality Disorders, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Lijnbaan 4, The Hague, VA, 2512, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik M van der Veen
- Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Mandeville Building, Rotterdam, DR, 1738, 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van der Gaag
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, BT, 1081, the Netherlands
| | - Iris E C Sommer
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, AD, 9700, the Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Deen
- Department of Personality Disorders, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Lijnbaan 4, The Hague, VA, 2512, the Netherlands
| | - Ingmar H A Franken
- Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Mandeville Building, Rotterdam, DR, 1738, 3000, the Netherlands
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24
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Trongnetrpunya A, Rapp P, Wang C, Darmon D, Costanzo ME, Nathan DE, Roy MJ, Cellucci CJ, Keyser D. Single-Trial Mechanisms Underlying Changes in Averaged P300 ERP Amplitude and Latency in Military Service Members After Combat Deployment. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:377. [PMID: 31708761 PMCID: PMC6824216 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuation in P300 amplitude has been characterized in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as dementia, schizophrenia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, it is unclear whether the attenuation observed in the averaged event-related potential (ERP) is due to the reduction of neural resources available for cognitive processing, the decreased consistency of cognitive resource allocation, or the increased instability of cognitive processing speed. In this study, we investigated this problem by estimating single-trial P300 amplitude and latency using a modified Woody filter and examined the relation between amplitudes and latencies from the single-trial level to the averaged ERP level. ERPs were recorded from 30 military service members returning from combat deployment at two time points separated by 6 or 12 months. A conventional visual oddball task was used to elicit P300. We observed that the extent of changes in the within-subject average P300 amplitude over time was significantly correlated with the amount of change in three single-trial measures: (1) the latency variance of the single-trial P300 (r = -0.440, p = 0.0102); (2) the percentage of P300-absent trials (r = -0.488, p = 0.005); and (3) the consistent variation of the single-trial amplitude (r = 0.571, p = 0.0022). These findings suggest that there are multiple underlying mechanisms on the single-trial level that contribute to the changes in amplitudes seen at the averaged ERP level. The changes between the first and second assessments were quantified with the intraclass correlation coefficient, the standard error of measurement and the minimal detectable difference. The unique population, the small sample size and the large fraction of participants lost to follow up precludes generalizations of these measures of change to other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Trongnetrpunya
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Paul Rapp
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Paul Rapp
| | - Chao Wang
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David Darmon
- Department of Mathematics, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ, United States
| | - Michelle E. Costanzo
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dominic E. Nathan
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States,Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael J. Roy
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - David Keyser
- Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
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25
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Zukerman G, Pinhas M, Ben-Itzhak E, Fostick L. Reduced electrophysiological habituation to novelty after trauma reflects heightened salience network detection. Neuropsychologia 2019; 134:107226. [PMID: 31618619 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Event-Related Potential (ERP) studies of PTSD have reported enhanced P3 amplitudes in response to trauma-related stimuli that are less likely to habituate over time. METHODS In the present study, we compared ERPs to the first and last half of an auditory novelty oddball task using neutral (trauma-unrelated) stimuli. Participants were 59 young students who were: trauma-exposed with "Probable PTSD", trauma-exposed without PTSD, or non-traumatized controls. RESULTS Reduced P3 amplitudes were observed for the last half of the trials for the entire sample, but this habituation was less profound for both trauma-exposed groups, demonstrating reduced habituation over time. Arousal symptom severity and trauma history negatively correlated with P3 amplitude habituation across the entire sample. Reduced N1 amplitudes for the last half of the trials were found in both trauma-exposed groups, but not among controls. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that trauma-exposed individuals exhibit information processing alterations in response to neutral environmental stimuli that may be related to a general pattern of heightened activity of the Salience Network. Implications for the neurobiological model of PTSD and PTSD psychotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Zukerman
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ariel University, Israel.
| | - Michal Pinhas
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ariel University, Israel
| | | | - Leah Fostick
- Department of Communication Disorders, Ariel University, Israel
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26
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Kummar AS, Correia H, Fujiyama H. A Brief Review of the EEG Literature on Mindfulness and Fear Extinction and its Potential Implications for Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS). Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9100258. [PMID: 31569665 PMCID: PMC6826941 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies in the area of mindfulness research have provided preliminary support for the idea of fear extinction as a plausible underlying mechanism through which mindfulness exerts its positive benefits. Whilst brain regions identified in the fear extinction network are typically found at a subcortical level, studies have also demonstrated the feasibility of cortical measures of the brain, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), in implying subcortical activations of the fear extinction network. Such EEG studies have also found evidence of a relationship between brain reactivity to unpleasant stimuli (i.e., fear extinction) and severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Therefore, the present paper seeks to briefly review the parallel findings between the neurophysiological literature of mindfulness and fear extinction (particularly that yielded by EEG measures), and discusses the implications of this for fear-based psychopathologies, such as trauma, and finally presents suggestions for future studies. This paper also discusses the clinical value in integrating EEG in psychological treatment for trauma, as it holds the unique potential to detect neuromarkers, which may enable earlier diagnoses, and can also provide neurofeedback over the course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auretta S Kummar
- Discipline of Psychology, Exercise Science, Chiropractic and Counselling; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia.
| | - Helen Correia
- Discipline of Psychology, Exercise Science, Chiropractic and Counselling; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia.
| | - Hakuei Fujiyama
- Discipline of Psychology, Exercise Science, Chiropractic and Counselling; College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia.
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27
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Aleksandrov AA, Knyazeva VM, Volnova AB, Dmitrieva ES, Polyakova NV, Gainetdinov RR. Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Agonist Modulates Mismatch Negativity-Like Responses in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:470. [PMID: 31130864 PMCID: PMC6509589 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor widely expressed in the mammalian brain, particularly in limbic system and monoaminergic areas. It has proven to be an important modulator of dopaminergic, serotoninergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission and is considered to be a potential useful target for the pharmacotherapy of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. One of the promising schizophrenia endophenotypes is a deficit in neurocognitive abilities manifested as mismatch negativity (MMN) deficit. This study examines the effect of TAAR1 partial agonist RO5263397 on the MMN-like response in freely moving C57BL/6 mice. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from awake mice in the oddball paradigm before and after RO5263397 administration. The RO5263397 (but not saline) administration increased the N40 amplitude in response to deviant stimuli. That provided the MMN-like difference at the 36-44 ms interval after the injection. The pitch deviance-elicited changes before the injection and in the control paradigm were established for the P68 component. After TAAR1 agonist administration the P68 amplitude in response both to standard and deviant stimuli was increased. These results suggest that the MMN-like response in mice may be modulated through TAAR1-dependent processes (possibly acting through the direct or indirect glutamate NMDA receptor modulation), indicating the TAAR1 agonists potential antipsychotic and pro-cognitive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander A. Aleksandrov
- Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Veronika M. Knyazeva
- Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna B. Volnova
- Department of General Physiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena S. Dmitrieva
- Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Polyakova
- Department of Higher Nervous Activity and Psychophysiology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine and Saint Petersburg University Hospital, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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28
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Wirz L, Reuter M, Felten A, Schwabe L. An endocannabinoid receptor polymorphism modulates affective processing under stress. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 13:1177-1189. [PMID: 30239920 PMCID: PMC6234318 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has a critical impact on affective and cognitive processing. Based on rodent data suggesting that endocannabinoid signaling via CB1 receptors serves as an emotional buffer, we hypothesized that a common variant of the gene coding for the CB1 receptor modulates affective processing under stress (CNR1; rs1049353 A vs G allele). Therefore, 139 participants, genotyped for this polymorphism, underwent a stress or control manipulation before they viewed emotionally neutral and negative pictures in a magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex, known for its crucial role in emotion regulation, was significantly more activated in AA/AG vs GG genotype carriers when viewing negative pictures after stress. Under no-stress conditions, AA/AG genotype carriers showed enhanced crosstalk between the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. We further assessed participants' 24 h-delayed memory for the presented pictures and found that memory performance correlated with amygdala and hippocampus activity and connectivity in stressed carriers of the AA/AG but not the GG genotype. These findings underline the modulatory role of the endocannabinoid system in stress effects on emotion and cognition and provide insights into the neural mechanisms that may contribute to the suggested protective effect of the AA/AG genotype of the CB1 receptor polymorphism against stress-related psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wirz
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg Germany
| | - Martin Reuter
- Department of Differential and Biological Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Felten
- Department of Differential and Biological Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg Germany
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29
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Mughairbi FA, Abdulaziz Alnajjar A, Hamid A. Effects of Psychoeducation and Stress Coping Techniques on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:710-724. [PMID: 30760172 DOI: 10.1177/0033294118825101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of psychoeducation and stress management techniques on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in Libya. The 41 Libyan patients who volunteered to take part in the study were first assessed using the PTSD Checklist. They attended workshops on PTSD symptoms, stress management techniques, and communication skills on three successive days after which they were asked to answer the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations two weeks after they completed the workshops. Among the 39% of the participants who were diagnosed with PTSD prior to the intervention, 15% met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD after the intervention. The preintervention scores were consistently higher than the postintervention scores, and there were significant differences in the PTSD Checklist total score and the re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptom scores. This study concluded that in mass-trauma events such as war and natural disasters, PTSD education can reduce the PTSD symptoms of those affected. Whether the benefits of psychoeducation on the participants are long term or short term is recommended for further study due to the limitations imposed by the willingness of the participants to participate, the amount of time they are willing to stay with the program, and the duration of the psychoeducation program itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdalla Hamid
- United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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30
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Concordance of genetic variation that increases risk for anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorders and that influences their underlying neurocircuitry. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:885-896. [PMID: 30699873 PMCID: PMC6519055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been considerable recent advances in understanding the genetic architecture of anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as the underlying neurocircuitry of these disorders. However, there is little work on the concordance of genetic variations that increase risk for these conditions, and that influence subcortical brain structures. We undertook a genome-wide investigation of the overlap between the genetic influences from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on volumes of subcortical brain structures and genetic risk for anxiety disorders and PTSD. METHOD We obtained summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of anxiety disorders (Ncases = 7016, Ncontrols = 14,745), PTSD (European sample; Ncases = 2424, Ncontrols = 7113) and of subcortical brain structures (N = 13,171). SNP Effect Concordance Analysis (SECA) and Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) Score Regression were used to examine genetic pleiotropy, concordance, and genome-wide correlations respectively. SECAs conditional false discovery was used to identify specific risk variants associated with anxiety disorders or PTSD when conditioning on brain related traits. RESULTS For anxiety disorders, we found evidence of significant concordance between increased anxiety risk variants and variants associated with smaller amygdala volume. Further, by conditioning on brain volume GWAS, we identified novel variants that associate with smaller brain volumes and increase risk for disorders: rs56242606 was found to increase risk for anxiety disorders, while two variants (rs6470292 and rs683250) increase risk for PTSD, when conditioning on the GWAS of putamen volume. LIMITATIONS Despite using the largest available GWAS summary statistics, the analyses were limited by sample size. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data indicate that there is genome wide concordance between genetic risk factors for anxiety disorders and those for smaller amygdala volume, which is consistent with research that supports the involvement of the amygdala in anxiety disorders. It is notable that a genetic variant that contributes to both reduced putamen volume and PTSD plays a key role in the glutamatergic system. Further work with GWAS summary statistics from larger samples, and a more extensive look at the genetics underlying brain circuits, is needed to fully delineate the genetic architecture of these disorders and their underlying neurocircuitry.
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31
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McGrane IR, Shuman MD. Mirtazapine Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Implications of Alpha-Adrenergic Pharmacology on the Startle Response. Harv Rev Psychiatry 2019; 26:36-41. [PMID: 29303920 DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian R McGrane
- From the University of Montana Skaggs School of Pharmacy (Dr. McGrane); Providence St. Patrick Hospital, Missoula, MT (Dr. McGrane); Rosalind Franklin University School of Medicine and Science College of Pharmacy (Dr. Shuman); Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North Chicago, IL (Dr. Shuman)
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32
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Holt R, McLean L. Australian Psychotherapy for Trauma Incorporating Neuroscience: Evidence- and Ethics-Informed Practice. NEUROETHICS-NETH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12152-019-09398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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33
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Saraiya T, Fareri D, López-Castro T, Hien D, Fertuck E, Melara R. The social cognitive appraisal of trustworthiness in individuals with dimensional levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms: a translational study. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2019; 10:1697582. [PMID: 31839901 PMCID: PMC6896450 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2019.1697582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Misappraisals in evaluating the trustworthiness of others may be one mechanism contributing to the interpersonal difficulties individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) face. Objective: This study used a translational experimental design to examine the behavioural and neural correlates underlying the appraisal of facial stimuli morphed on dimensions of trustworthiness across three groups: individuals with high posttraumatic stress symptoms (HPTS), low posttraumatic stress symptoms (LPTS), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Participants (N = 70) rated how trustworthy to untrustworthy they perceived three facial morphs (trustworthy, neutral, and untrustworthy) while undergoing electroencephalography (EEG). Results: Behavioural results showed that the HPTS group rated the untrustworthy morph as more untrustworthy than the HC group (β = 0.20, SE = .07, 95% CI [0.06, 0.33], z = 2.88, p = .004). The HPTS group also showed no variation in response time across morphs ( X 2 (2) = 0.92, p = 0.63), while the LPTS and HC groups did ( X 2 (2) = 9.60, p = .008; X 2 (2) = 23.62, p < .001). EEG data revealed significant group by morph interactions at the N170 latency and the Vertex Positive Potential (VPP): the HPTS and LPTS identified the untrustworthy morph faster than the HCs, but diverged to the degree to which they encoded each facial morph. Conclusions: Taken together our results suggest that HPTS individuals demonstrate an early attentional avoidance of faces morphed on dimensions of trustworthiness. This early, preconscious, avoidance may be one mechanism contributing to the miscalculations individuals with PTSD make in interpersonal situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Saraiya
- Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA.,Psychology Department, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominic Fareri
- Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA
| | - Teresa López-Castro
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Denise Hien
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Eric Fertuck
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Melara
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
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34
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Elman I, Upadhyay J, Langleben DD, Albanese M, Becerra L, Borsook D. Reward and aversion processing in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder: functional neuroimaging with visual and thermal stimuli. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:240. [PMID: 30389908 PMCID: PMC6214971 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a decrease in the brain reward function was reported in behavioral- and in neuroimaging studies. While pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this response are unclear, there are several lines of evidence suggesting over-recruitment of the brain reward regions by aversive stimuli rendering them unavailable to respond to reward-related content. The purpose of this study was to juxtapose brain responses to functional neuroimaging probes that reliably produce rewarding and aversive experiences in PTSD subjects and in healthy controls. The stimuli used were pleasant, aversive and neutral images selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) along with pain-inducing heat applied to the dorsum of the left hand; all were administered during 3 T functional magnetic resonance imaging. Analyses of IAPS responses for the pleasant images revealed significantly decreased subjective ratings and brain activations in PTSD subjects that included striatum and medial prefrontal-, parietal- and temporal cortices. For the aversive images, decreased activations were observed in the amygdala and in the thalamus. PTSD and healthy subjects provided similar subjective ratings of thermal sensory thresholds and each of the temperatures. When 46 °C (hot) and 42 °C (neutral) temperatures were contrasted, voxelwise between-group comparison revealed greater activations in the striatum, amygdala, hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex in the PTSD subjects. These latter findings were for the most part mirrored by the 44 vs. 42 °C contrast. Our data suggest different brain alterations patterns in PTSD, namely relatively diminished corticolimbic response to pleasant and aversive psychosocial stimuli in the face of exaggerated response to heat-related pain. The present findings support the hypothesis that brain sensitization to pain in PTSD may interfere with the processing of psychosocial stimuli whether they are of rewarding or aversive valence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA.
| | - Jaymin Upadhyay
- 000000041936754Xgrid.38142.3cCenter for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Daniel D. Langleben
- 0000 0004 1936 8972grid.25879.31Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mark Albanese
- 000000041936754Xgrid.38142.3cCambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Lino Becerra
- 000000041936754Xgrid.38142.3cCenter for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - David Borsook
- 000000041936754Xgrid.38142.3cCenter for Pain and the Brain, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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Milanak ME, Judah MR, Berenbaum H, Kramer AF, Neider M. PTSD symptoms and overt attention to contextualized emotional faces: Evidence from eye tracking. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:408-413. [PMID: 30173048 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal patterns of attention to emotional faces and images are proposed by theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and this has been demonstrated empirically. However, few studies have examined how PTSD symptoms are associated with attention to emotional faces in the context of emotional background images. Eye tracking data were collected from seventy-eight undergraduates with a history of experiencing at least one traumatic event as they completed the Contextual Recognition of Affective Faces Task (CRAFT; Milanak and Berenbaum, 2014), which requires subjects to identify the emotion depicted by faces superimposed on an emotional background image. Greater PTSD symptom severity was associated with more time spent looking at background contexts and less time looking at target faces. This is consistent with greater susceptibility to distraction by task-irrelevant emotional stimuli. The duration of each gaze fixation upon fear faces was shorter for those with greater PTSD symptoms, and this pattern was marginally significant for disgust faces. These findings suggest that PTSD symptoms may relate to greater attention toward non-facial background scenes and less attention toward facial stimuli, especially when conveying a fear or disgust expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Milanak
- Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, 5 South, MSC -861 Charleston, SC 29425, United States.
| | - Matt R Judah
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, United States; Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Howard Berenbaum
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States; Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark Neider
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Kimble M, Sripad A, Fowler R, Sobolewski S, Fleming K. Negative world views after trauma: Neurophysiological evidence for negative expectancies. PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA-THEORY RESEARCH PRACTICE AND POLICY 2018; 10:576-584. [PMID: 30188159 DOI: 10.1037/tra0000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative views of both the self and the world are commonly seen in individuals who have suffered psychological trauma. These negative cognitions are thought to be significant as they are likely to play a critical role in furthering, if not promoting, other symptoms and exacerbating the dysfunction sometimes seen after a traumatic event. This has led to the inclusion of "persistent negative beliefs and expectations about oneself or the world" in the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Although there is considerable self-report and behavioral evidence for negative biases after trauma, there is less concurrent neurophysiological data. This study used the N400, an event-related potential sensitive to semantic expectancies, to assess negative expectations in a trauma sample. METHOD In this study, 39 participants completed an N400 task in which they read ambiguous sentence stems that ended either with a positive final word (Things will turn out . . . fine) or a negative final word (Things will turn out . . . badly). The authors predicted that those trauma survivors with negative cognitions (as measured by the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory [PTCI]: Foa et al., 1999) would show N400 amplitudes indicating expectancies for negative endings. Augmenting the previous self-report data, this would provide evidence for negative expectancies that are fairly early and relatively automatic. RESULTS N400 amplitudes to negative sentence endings were significantly related to negative views of the world as measured by the PTCI. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that negative world views in trauma survivors have demonstrable neurophysiological correlates and impact on expectations in ambiguous situations. (PsycINFO Database Record
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37
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Contingent negative variation in acute trauma patients: A prospective exploratory study. Biol Psychol 2018; 138:126-132. [PMID: 30205130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
It is still unclear why some individuals completely recover after an acute trauma and others develop a long-lasting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates whether the contingent negative variation (CNV) - a slow negative event-related potential - may be associated with the occurrence of PTSD after acute trauma. CNV (auditory 2-stimulus reaction time paradigm) was recorded within one month as well as 6 months after an acute trauma (dangerous or grave physical injuries, witnessing of attempted suicide or murder, robbery, extortion, accidents, heavy illness, death or loss of an important person, hostage-taking) in 39 otherwise healthy adults and compared with CNV recordings in 38 healthy control subjects without potentially traumatizing experience in their history. According to their subsequent clinical course, these subjects were divided into two groups: participants who recovered completely 1 month after the trauma (PTSD- group, n = 31), and those who began to experience PTSD (PTSD+ group, n = 8). Patients from both trauma groups were characterized by a significantly longer reaction time immediately after the trauma. The PTSD+ group demonstrated lower amplitudes of the late CNV component immediately and six months after the trauma compared with the PTSD- and the control group. Whether the lower CNV amplitudes in patients who develop PTSD after the acute trauma, which is already present in the first days after the trauma, may be related to a higher risk for development of PTSD in these subjects, this has to be clarified in further prospective studies.
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Zukerman G, Fostick L, Ben‐Itzchak E. Early automatic hyperarousal in response to neutral novel auditory stimuli among trauma‐exposed individuals with and without PTSD: An ERP study. Psychophysiology 2018; 55:e13217. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gil Zukerman
- Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health SciencesAriel UniversityAriel Israel
| | - Leah Fostick
- Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health SciencesAriel UniversityAriel Israel
| | - Ester Ben‐Itzchak
- Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health SciencesAriel UniversityAriel Israel
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Abnormal target detection and novelty processing neural response in posttraumatic stress disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 85:54-61. [PMID: 29673625 PMCID: PMC5962434 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Attention impairments are common symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the nature of these impairments remains elusive. Attention impairment may arise as the result of either excessive response to task-irrelevant stimuli or reduced response to task-relevant information. To test the association between PTSD and response to task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli, we used a 3-tone novelty auditory oddball task (AOD). We hypothesized that participants with PTSD relative to trauma controls would have less response during novelty processing in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex, as well as less response in the dlPFC and the orbitofrontal cortex during target detection. Thirty-one male veterans completed a 3-tone novelty AOD task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Compared to trauma controls, the PTSD group had reduced response during novelty processing in ventromedial prefrontal cortex, superior/middle frontal gyrus (dlPFC), supplementary motor area/caudate, and in posterior regions including bilateral posterior cingulate cortex. The current results suggest PTSD is associated with a pattern of reduced response to novel stimuli. A disturbed orienting response in these brain regions could theoretically underlie PTSD attention-related symptoms.
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40
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Wang C, Rapp P, Darmon D, Trongnetrpunya A, Costanzo ME, Nathan DE, Cellucci CJ, Roy MJ, Keyser D. Utility of P300 ERP in monitoring post-trauma mental health: A longitudinal study in military personnel returning from combat deployment. J Psychiatr Res 2018. [PMID: 29522937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Military service members (SMs) returning from combat are at high risk of developing neuropsychiatric conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. Symptom dynamics following reintegration into civilian life may be magnified over time such that some SMs present with delayed onset and may not reach a diagnostic threshold for months to years. Monitoring the trajectory of mental health in the aftermath of combat trauma can therefore be particularly important in enhancing diagnosis. In this study, we investigated the possible utility of the P300 event-related potential (ERP) as an objective marker for monitoring post-trauma mental health. SMs recently returned from a combat deployment were recruited to undergo a baseline assessment, with subsequent follow-up assessment at 6 or 12 months later. At each assessment, ERPs were recorded using a conventional visual oddball task and a set of psychological scores assessing PTSD, depression, and psychosocial functioning were obtained. We observed that the individuals with overall improved psychological scores at follow-up had increased P300 amplitude and shortened P300 latency, and the individuals with overall worsened psychological scores at follow-up had prolonged P300 latency. The degree of change in aggregate psychological score was significantly correlated with the magnitude of change in P300 amplitude (r = -0.72, p < 0.0001) and latency (r = 0.42, p = 0.0201). These findings suggest that the P300 may be utilized as a quantitative biomarker for tracking the changes of mental health longitudinally. It may offer clinicians an objective tool for the assessment of the dynamics of mental health following trauma, and perhaps also for monitoring recovery during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Paul Rapp
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Darmon
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy Trongnetrpunya
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle E Costanzo
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dominic E Nathan
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael J Roy
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Keyser
- Traumatic Injury Research Program, Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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41
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Identification of TAAR5 Agonist Activity of Alpha-NETA and Its Effect on Mismatch Negativity Amplitude in Awake Rats. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:442-451. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lackner CL, Santesso DL, Dywan J, O'Leary DD, Wade TJ, Segalowitz SJ. Adverse childhood experiences are associated with self-regulation and the magnitude of the error-related negativity difference. Biol Psychol 2018; 132:244-251. [PMID: 29309827 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Trauma and stress, like that which occurs as a result of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), can change brain structure and function, especially in medial prefrontal and hippocampal areas, and can impact self-regulatory skill. The error-related negativity (ERN) is a medial frontal negative event-related potential (ERP) component that is more negative when a participant makes an erroneous versus correct response. We investigated the association of ACEs to adolescents' ERN and self-regulation. Forty-three 12-15 year olds performed a flanker task while EEG data were recorded. We found an interaction between trial type (correct vs incorrect) and group (low, medium and high trauma groups) on the ERN. The high-trauma group showed a larger Error-Correct difference than the low- and medium-trauma groups. This appeared as trend correlations between overall trauma exposure as a continuous variable and ERN-related variables. Trauma exposure was associated with reduced self-regulatory capacity, and accounting for self-regulation decreased the associations between trauma and the ERN, suggestive of a protective effect for self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine L Lackner
- Psychology Department, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada; Jack and Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada d Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada.
| | - Diane L Santesso
- Psychology Department, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada; Jack and Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada d Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Jane Dywan
- Psychology Department, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Deborah D O'Leary
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada; Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Terrance J Wade
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada; Jack and Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada d Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada; Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada
| | - Sidney J Segalowitz
- Psychology Department, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada; Jack and Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada d Brock-Niagara Centre for Health and Well-Being, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S3A1, Canada
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Abstract
Biosynthesis and secretion of the hypothalamic nonapeptide oxytocin largely depends on steroid hormones. Estradiol, corticosterone, and vitamin D seem to be the most prominent actors. Due to their lipophilic nature, systemic steroids are thought to be capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, thus mediating central functions including neuroendocrine and behavioral control. The actual mode of action of steroids in hypothalamic circuitry is still unknown: Most of the oxytocinergic perikarya lack nuclear steroid receptors but express proteins suspected to be membrane receptors for steroids. Oxytocin expressing neurons contain enzymes important for intrinsic steroid metabolism. Furthermore, they produce and probably liberate specific steroid-binding globulins. Rapid responses to steroid hormones may involve these binding proteins and membrane-associated receptors, rather than classic nuclear receptors and genomic pathways. Neuroendocrine regulation, reproductive behaviors, and stress response seem to depend on these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott D Ochs
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, USA
| | - Jack D Caldwell
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, USA
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Yakov S, Birur B, Bearden MF, Aguilar B, Ghelani KJ, Fargason RE. Sensory Reduction on the General Milieu of a High-Acuity Inpatient Psychiatric Unit to Prevent Use of Physical Restraints: A Successful Open Quality Improvement Trial. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2018; 24:133-144. [PMID: 29039238 DOI: 10.1177/1078390317736136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired sensory gating in patients with acute mental illness predisposes to overstimulation and behavioral dyscontrol. OBJECTIVE Explore use of sensory reduction interventions on a high-acuity inpatient milieu to reduce high assault/restraint rates. DESIGN A multidisciplinary team using failure mode and effect analysis to explore high restraint use between 4:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. observed patient/staff overstimulation contributed to behavioral escalations. The team implemented sensory reduction/integration improvements over a 5-month period to prevent excessive restraint use. RESULTS Restraint rates dropped immediately following light and sound reduction interventions and by 72% at 11 months postimplementation. Mann-Whitney statistics for unpaired 6-month comparisons, 1-year pre- and postintervention showed significant reductions: Assault rates (median pre = 1.37, post = 0.18, U = 4, p = .02); Restraint rates (median pre = 0.50, post = 0.06, U = 0, p = .002). CONCLUSION Sensory reduction during a high-stress time period on a high-acuity psychiatric unit was associated with a reduction in assaults and restraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Yakov
- 1 Svetlana Yakov, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Badari Birur
- 2 Badari Birur, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Melissa F Bearden
- 3 Melissa F. Bearden, MACN, OT/L, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Barbara Aguilar
- 4 Barbara Aguilar, BSN-BC, RN, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kinjal J Ghelani
- 5 Kinjal J. Ghelani, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rachel E Fargason
- 6 Rachel E. Fargason, MD, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
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Cheng CH, Niddam DM, Hsu SC, Liu CY, Tsai SY. Resting GABA concentration predicts inhibitory control during an auditory Go-Nogo task. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:3833-3841. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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46
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The vestibulocochlear bases for wartime posttraumatic stress disorder manifestations. Med Hypotheses 2017; 106:44-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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47
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Zinchenko A, Al-Amin MM, Alam MM, Mahmud W, Kabir N, Reza HM, Burne THJ. Content specificity of attentional bias to threat in post-traumatic stress disorder. J Anxiety Disord 2017; 50:33-39. [PMID: 28551393 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attentional bias to affective information and reduced cognitive control may maintain the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and impair cognitive functioning. However, the role of content specificity of affective stimuli (e.g., trauma-related, emotional trauma-unrelated) in the observed attentional bias and cognitive control is less clear, as this has not been tested simultaneously before. Therefore, we examined the content specificity of attentional bias to threat in PTSD. METHODS PTSD participants (survivors of a multistory factory collapse, n=30) and matched controls (n=30) performed an Eriksen Flanker task. They identified the direction of a centrally presented target arrow, which was flanked by several task-irrelevant distractor arrows pointed to the same (congruent) or opposite direction (incongruent). Additionally, participants were presented with a picture of a face (neutral, emotional) or building (neutral=normal, emotional=collapsed multistory factory) as a task-irrelevant background image. RESULTS We found that PTSD participants produced overall larger conflict effects and longer reaction times (RT) to emotional than to neutral stimuli relative to their healthy counterparts. Moreover, PTSD, but not healthy participants showed a stimulus specific dissociation in processing emotional stimuli. Emotional faces elicited longer RTs compared to neutral faces, while emotional buildings elicited faster responses, compared to neutral buildings. CONCLUSIONS PTSD patients show a content-sensitive attentional bias to emotional information and impaired cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zinchenko
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1A, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - M M Al-Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M M Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - W Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - N Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - H M Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - T H J Burne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Richlands, QLD 4077, Australia.
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Zukerman G, Itzchak EB, Fostick L, Armony-Sivan R. Information Processing of the Rorschach's Traumatic Content Index in Trauma-exposed Adults: An Event Related Potential (ERP) Study. Biol Psychol 2017; 127:108-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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49
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Gu L, Zhang Z. Exploring Potential Electrophysiological Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Event-Related Potential Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 58:1283-1292. [PMID: 28550252 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Gu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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50
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De Pascalis V, Fracasso F, Corr PJ. Personality and Augmenting/Reducing (A/R) in auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) during emotional visual stimulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41588. [PMID: 28164996 PMCID: PMC5292688 DOI: 10.1038/srep41588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An auditory augmenting/reducing ERP paradigm recorded for 5 intensity tones with emotional visual stimulation was used, for the first time, to test predictions derived from the revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST) of personality with respect to two major factors: behavioral inhibition system (BIS), fight/flight/freeze system (FFFS). Higher BIS and FFFS scores were negatively correlated with N1/P2 slopes at central sites (C3, Cz, C4). Conditional process analysis revealed that the BIS was a mediator of the association between the N1/P2 slope and the FFFS scores. An analysis of covariance showed that lower BIS scorers exhibited larger N1/P2 amplitudes across all tone intensities while watching negative, positive and neutral pictures. Additionally, lower FFFS scorers compared to higher FFFS scorers disclosed larger N1/P2 amplitudes to the highest tone intensities and these differences were even more pronounced while watching positive emotional pictures. Findings were explained assuming the operation of two different, but related processes: transmarginal inhibition for the BIS; the attention/emotional gating mechanism regulating cortical sensory input for the FFFS trait. These findings appear consistent with predictions derived from the rRST, which traced fear and anxiety to separate but interacting neurobehavioural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip J Corr
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, United Kingdom
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