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Buthmann JL, LeMoult J, Miller JG, Berens A, Gotlib IH. Biological sensitivity to adolescent-parent discrepancies in perceived parental warmth. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2023; 16:100211. [PMID: 37808874 PMCID: PMC10550797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parenting behaviors are formative to the psychological development of young people; however, parent and adolescent perceptions of parenting are only moderately correlated with each other. Whereas discrepant perceptions may represent a normative process of deindividuation from caregivers in some adolescents, in others a discrepancy might predict psychological maladjustment. The biological sensitivity to context model provides a framework from which individual differences in development can be estimated in adolescents whose perceptions of parenting diverge from those of their parents. Methods At baseline we obtained diurnal cortisol samples from US adolescents (M = 13.37 years of age, SD = 1.06) as well as parents' and adolescents' ratings of parental warmth; we obtained adolescent-reported symptoms of psychopathology at baseline and again at follow-up two years later (N = 108, 57.5% female). We estimated waking cortisol, cortisol awakening response, and daytime cortisol slopes using piecewise regression models. Results Lower adolescent than parent ratings of parental warmth predicted increased externalizing symptoms at follow-up. Higher waking cortisol and steeper cortisol awakening response and daytime slopes predicted increased internalizing symptoms at follow-up. Further, discrepant ratings of parental warmth interacted with cortisol awakening response and daytime slopes such that greater discrepancies predicted greater increases in externalizing symptoms in adolescents with steeper cortisol slopes. Conclusions These findings indicate that steeper changes in cortisol production throughout the day index a greater sensitivity to perceived parental warmth. Lower adolescent than parent ratings of parental warmth may represent dysfunction in the parental relationship rather than a normative process of deindividuation in adolescents with steeper diurnal cortisol slopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Buthmann
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joelle LeMoult
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Cancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Jonas G. Miller
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Road, Unit 1020, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Anne Berens
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 300 N Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ian H. Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Helleman A, Rubin RT, Gardner W, Lourie A, Taylor AN, Cochran J, Dorn LD, Susman E, Barrowman N, Bijelić V, Leininger L, Pajer K. Circadian cortisol secretion in adolescent girls with conduct disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 148:105972. [PMID: 36462295 PMCID: PMC10038075 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe antisocial behavior in girls, best exemplified by conduct disorder (CD), is a serious clinical and public health problem. Treatment is difficult, particularly in girls with comorbid internalizing disorders. Identifying biological correlates may help to develop new treatments or diagnostic, prognostic, or treatment response biomarkers. Based on our earlier work and research from others occurring primarily in boys with severe antisocial behavior, it is possible that abnormalities in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis circadian cortisol cycle may be associated with female CD. Additionally, research suggests that the presence of comorbid internalizing disorders may be related to differences in cortisol secretion, compared to subjects who only have CD. Our study aimed: 1) to compare the circadian cortisol cycle in 98 girls with CD, 15-16 years of age to 47 girls without any psychiatric disorder (ND) and 2) to compare the cycle in girls with CD and comorbid internalizing disorders (CD + INT) to those without such comorbidity (CD Only). Salivary cortisol was collected over 24 h during weekdays at scheduled times, with protocol adherence measures in place. Unstructured covariance pattern modeling, controlling for effects of age, social class, IQ, and awakening time was used to analyze cortisol data. CD was associated with overall lower cortisol secretion (p = 0.03), but this difference was due to a lower volume of cortisol secreted 30 min after awakening (area under the curve with respect to ground, p = 0.01). Circadian cortisol secretion was no different in the CD+INT group compared to the CD Only group (p = 0.52). Our findings need to be replicated using current consensus guidelines for the assessment of the CAR. We also suggest two new avenues of research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert T Rubin
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William Gardner
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrea Lourie
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna N Taylor
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Neurobiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justinn Cochran
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lorah D Dorn
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Susman
- College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Vid Bijelić
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Leininger
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen Pajer
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Wang H, Zhang S, Wu S, Qin S, Liu C. Cortisol awakening response and testosterone jointly affect adolescents' theory of mind. Horm Behav 2022; 146:105258. [PMID: 36116196 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for the maturation of neurobiological processes and hormone secretion. Recent studies on the dual-hormone hypothesis have indicated that basal cortisol and testosterone jointly affect dominant and aggressive behavior among adolescents and adults. Whether this hypothesis applies to prosocial-related understanding of others' mental states remains unclear. The present study investigated associations between basal testosterone, basal cortisol (and cortisol awakening response [CAR]), and the cognitive/affective theory of mind (ToM) in 243 adolescents (67.9 % male, aged 14 to 17 years, Mage = 16.09, standard deviation = 0.62). Cognitive ToM (cToM) and affective ToM (aToM) were assessed with a cartoon story reasoning task: In the cToM condition, participants viewed a comic strip story and needed to predict what would happen based on a character's intentions, and in the aToM condition, they viewed a comic strip of two characters interacting and needed to think about what would make the protagonist feel better. The results showed that basal testosterone and basal cortisol did not interact with each other to affect the performance of ToM, either in terms of ToM accuracy or response speed. However, under the condition of low CAR, testosterone is associated with the fast performance of cToM, although the interaction of testosterone and CAR occurred only in female adolescents. Overall, our data provide new evidence for the dual-hormone hypothesis and further extend the hypothesis to social understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huagen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
| | - Sihui Zhang
- Department of General Adult Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
| | - Shaozheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China.
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Nieuwenhuis J. Neighborhood social capital and adolescents' individual health development. Soc Sci Med 2020; 265:113417. [PMID: 33035765 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood social capital is argued to influence individual health. However, many studies do not make the distinction between individual level and group level social capital. Furthermore, many studies on this topic are cross-sectional studies based in Western countries. In this study I will examine health and neighborhood social capital by measuring social capital on both the individual and the aggregated neighborhood level. Data from two waves of the Taiwan Youth Project give a longitudinal perspective into the development of health of adolescents from northern Taiwan. The data consist of 2207 adolescents, with measures at ages 14 and 15. The adolescents are clustered within 39 neighborhoods. The results show that adolescents' individual level neighborhood social capital is related to their baseline health status, but not to changes in health status. Only neighborhood level social capital is related to changes in health status. More social capital in the neighborhood is related to positive changes in health status. To test whether the effect of neighborhood social capital changes, depending on how important the neighborhood context is in someone's life, I studied differential effects for adolescents with more or less alternative contacts outside of the neighborhood and the years adolescents resided in the neighborhood. The original results were not affected by these factors, suggesting that the relation between neighborhood social capital and health is pervasive, despite individuals' integration in the neighborhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap Nieuwenhuis
- Department of Sociology, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China.
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Taylor ZE, Evich CD, Marceau K, Nair N, Jones BL. Associations between Effortful Control, Cortisol Awakening Response, and Depressive Problems in Latino Preadolescents. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2019; 39:1050-1077. [PMID: 31558851 PMCID: PMC6761986 DOI: 10.1177/0272431618798509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined associations between effortful control, a trait marker of self-regulation, adaptive HPA system functioning (as reflected by the CAR), and concurrent and longitudinal depressive problems, in a sample of preadolescent Latino youth (N = 119, mean age = 11.53 years, 59% female). We hypothesized that trait readiness for self-regulation (e.g., effortful control) could be related to physiological state readiness for self-regulation (e.g., CAR), and that both may counter depressive problems. We found that youth's CAR was positively associated with effortful control, and negatively with youth depressive problems. Effortful control and youth depressive problems were also negatively associated. Longitudinal relations of CAR and effortful control on depressive problems at T2 were not significant in the structural equation model after controlling for T1 depressive problems, although these variables were significant in the bivariate correlations. Results suggest that both trait-regulation and physiological regulation may counter depressive problems in Latino youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E. Taylor
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Carly D. Evich
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Kristine Marceau
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Nayantara Nair
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Blake L. Jones
- Purdue University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
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Being Poorer Than the Rest of the Neighborhood: Relative Deprivation and Problem Behavior of Youth. J Youth Adolesc 2017; 46:1891-1904. [PMID: 28364210 PMCID: PMC5561161 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-017-0668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
According to the neighborhood effects hypothesis, there is a negative relation between neighborhood wealth and youth's problem behavior. It is often assumed that there are more problems in deprived neighborhoods, but there are also reports of higher rates of behavioral problems in more affluent neighborhoods. Much of this literature does not take into account relative wealth. Our central question was whether the economic position of adolescents' families, relative to the neighborhood in which they lived, was related to adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problem behavior. We used longitudinal data for youth between 12-16 and 16-20 years of age, combined with population register data (N = 926; 55% females). We employ between-within models to account for time-invariant confounders, including parental background characteristics. Our findings show that, for adolescents, moving to a more affluent neighborhood was related to increased levels of depression, social phobia, aggression, and conflict with fathers and mothers. This could be indirect evidence for the relative deprivation mechanism, but we could not confirm this, and we did not find any gender differences. The results do suggest that future research should further investigate the role of individuals' relative position in their neighborhood in order not to overgeneralize neighborhood effects and to find out for whom neighborhoods matter.
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Nieuwenhuis J, Yu R, Branje S, Meeus W, Hooimeijer P. Neighbourhood Poverty, Work Commitment and Unemployment in Early Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study into the Moderating Effect of Personality. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167830. [PMID: 27936132 PMCID: PMC5148026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied how personality moderates the effect of neighbourhood disadvantage on work commitment and unemployment in early adulthood. Using a personality typology of resilients, overcontrollers, and undercontrollers, we hypothesised that the association between neighbourhood poverty and both work commitment and unemployment would be stronger for overcontrollers and undercontrollers than for resilients. We used longitudinal data (N = 249) to test whether the length of exposure to neighbourhood poverty between age 16 and 21 predicts work commitment and unemployment at age 25. In line with our hypothesis, the findings showed that longer exposure was related to weaker work commitment among undercontrollers and overcontrollers and to higher unemployment among undercontrollers. Resilients’ work commitment and unemployment were not predicted by neighbourhood poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap Nieuwenhuis
- OTB–Research for the Built Environment, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Rongqin Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Branje
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Meeus
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Hooimeijer
- Urban and Regional research centre Utrecht (URU), Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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