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Salmanizadeh H, Beheshti-Maal K, Nayeri H, Torabi LR. Optimization of xylanase production by Pichia kudriavzevii and Candida tropicalis isolated from the wood product workshop. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:155-168. [PMID: 37957443 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic compounds can be found abundantly and provide numerous advantages in microbial organisms. Xylanases are used in various pharmaceutical, food, livestock, poultry, and paper industries. This study aimed to investigate xylanase-producing yeasts, xylose concentration curve and their enzymatic activity under various factors including carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, and pH. Enzyme activity was evaluated under different conditions before, during, and after purification. The yeast strains were obtained from the wood product workshop and were subsequently cultivated on YPD (yeast extract peptone dextrose) medium. Additionally, the growth curve of the yeast and its molecular identification were conducted. The optimization and design process of xylan isolated from corn wood involved the use of Taguchi software to test different parameters like carbon and nitrogen sources, temperature, and pH, with the goal of determining the most optimal conditions for enzyme production. In addition, the Taguchi method was utilized to conduct a multifactorial optimization of xylanase enzyme activity. The isolated species were partially purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis bag techniques. The results indicated that 3 species (8S, 18S, and 16W) after molecular identification based on 18S rRNA gene sequencing were identified as Candida tropicalis SBN-IAUF-1, Candida tropicalis SBN-IAUF-3, and Pichia kudriavzevii SBN-IAUF-2, respectively. The optimal parameters for wheat carbon source and peptone nitrogen source were found at 50 °C and pH 9.0 through single-factor optimization. By using the Taguchi approach, the best combination for highest activity was rice-derived carbon source and peptone nitrogen source at 50 °C and pH 6.0. The best conditions for xylanase enzyme production in single-factor optimization of wheat bran were 2135.6 U/mL, peptone 4475.25 U/mL, temperature 50 °C 1868 U/mL, and pH 9.0 2002.4 U/mL. Among the tested yeast, Candida tropicalis strain SBN-IAUF-1 to the access number MZ816946.1 in NCBI was found to be the best xylanase product. The highest ratio of enzyme production at the end of the delayed phase and the beginning of the logarithmic phase was concluded by comparing the growth ratio of 8S, 16W, and 18S yeasts with the level of enzymatic activity. This is the first report on the production of xylan polymer with a relative purity of 80% in Iran. The extracellular xylanases purified from the yeast species of C. tropicalis were introduced as a desirable biocatalyst due to their high enzymatic activity for the degradation of xylan polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Salmanizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keivan Beheshti-Maal
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hashem Nayeri
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ladan Rahimzadeh Torabi
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
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2
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Malhotra G, Chapadgaonkar SS. Thermo-alkali stable bacterial xylanase for deinking of copier paper. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:107. [PMID: 37878208 PMCID: PMC10600070 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bleach-boosting capability of xylanases is well-known. The use of xylanase pre-treatment before the application of chemical bleach has multiple advantages including (i) lesser use of polluting chemicals of the traditional bleaching process; (ii) less damage to the cellulosic fibers, therefore better recyclability; and (iii) better brightness of chemical bleach. The major impediment in the application is the availability of commercial enzymes that are active at the elevated temperature and pH that exist during the industrial pulping process. In the present paper, xylanase having suitability for application in deinking is reported. RESULTS The xylanase used showed high deinking potential. Optimal deinking was obtained at the xylanase dosing of 20U/g of the dried pulp at 60℃ for a treatment time of 1h. It could bring about a 50% reduction in the usage of chemical bleach that was applied after xylanase pre-treatment. The comparison of FTIR spectra showed changes in intensity without significant changes in the functional group signatures implying that there is negligible damage to the fiber strength in the xylanase pre-treatment process as compared to the chemical bleach process. CONCLUSION The xylanase used in this study was effective in deinking paper pulp and can be used for bio-bleaching of recycled paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girisha Malhotra
- Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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AboDalam H, Devra V, Ahmed FK, Li B, Abd-Elsalam KA. Rice wastes for green production and sustainable nanomaterials: An overview. AGRI-WASTE AND MICROBES FOR PRODUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE NANOMATERIALS 2022:707-728. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823575-1.00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Fusarium concolor X4 Pretreatment Suppresses Light-Induced Yellowing of High-Yield Pulp. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9497215. [PMID: 32076622 PMCID: PMC7016443 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9497215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High-yield pulps (HYPs), such as CTMP (chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp), are attractive due to their low cost and high wood utilization. However, their drawback of rapid brightness reversion (yellowing) limits wide use of the HYPs. In this study, a fungus, Fusarium concolor X4, was applied to treat poplar CTMP for exploring the effects of biotreatment on brightness and light-induced yellowing of the pulp. The results indicated that the biotreatment with Fusarium concolor X4 could improve the brightness of poplar CTMP and inhibit light-induced yellowing of the pulp. The yellowing inhibition mechanism was explored by the analysis of enzyme production regularity during biotreatment, changes in chemical components, and the UV-Vis absorption spectra and FTIR-ATR spectra of pulps before and after biotreatment.
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5
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Singh S. White-Rot Fungal Xylanases for Applications in Pulp and Paper Industry. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90379-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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6
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Wang M, Du J, Zhang D, Li X, Zhao J. Modification of Different Pulps by Homologous Overexpression Alkali-Tolerant Endoglucanase in Bacillus subtilis Y106. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3321. [PMID: 28607421 PMCID: PMC5468302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulase (mainly endoglucanase, EG) has been used in pulp modification for improving paper quality through environmentally friendly process. But low activity in alkaline pH and high filter paper activity (FPA) were still obstacles for extending the cellulase application in papermaking industry. In the study, an alkali-tolerant EG gene of Bacillus subtilis Y106 was homologous over-expressed for obtaining suitable enzyme used in pulp modification. The engineering strain could produce the crude enzyme with more alkali-tolerant EG and little PFA. Potential of the crude enzyme in modification of different pulps were investigated. It was found that the enzyme could be used for improving drainage and strength properties of pulps from softwood, hardwood and non-wood materials, especially non-wood pulp such as wheat straw pulp. The underlying mechanisms of pulp modification and different effects on various types of pulps by the EG treatment were also discussed by studying the change in fibers characteristics and fiber bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji-nan City, 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji-nan City, 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Daolei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji-nan City, 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji-nan City, 250100, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji-nan City, 250100, Shandong Province, China.
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7
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Prakash Menon M, Selvakumar R, Suresh kumar P, Ramakrishna S. Extraction and modification of cellulose nanofibers derived from biomass for environmental application. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06713e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers obtained from various plants and microbial sources, their extraction methods and various environmental applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Selvakumar
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- PSG Institute of Advanced Studies
- Coimbatore
- India-641004
| | - Palaniswamy Suresh kumar
- Environmental & Water Technology Centre of Innovation (EWTCOI)
- Ngee Ann Polytechnic
- Singapore-599489
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
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Xylanase Treatment Suppresses Light- and Heat-Induced Yellowing of Pulp. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38374. [PMID: 27917912 PMCID: PMC5137004 DOI: 10.1038/srep38374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanase is commonly applied in pulp and paper industries to ease cost-related and environmental pressures. The effect of xylanase treatment on pulp bleaching is well-established, however, few studies were conducted on the effects of xylanase treatment in pulp yellowing, especially the mechanism of pulp yellowing inhibition by xylanase treatment. In this study, pure xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) was applied to treat wheat straw chemical pulp (CP) and poplar chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) to determine their effects on pulp brightness and on light- and heat-induced yellowing. The xylanase treatment decreased the post-color number of the pulps during light- and heat-induced yellowing. However, differences were observed in the yellowing inhibition between the wheat straw CP and poplar CTMP. The changes in chemical components of pulps after the xylanase treatment, for example, lignin, hemicellulose, and HexA contents, and analysis of UV-vis absorption spectra and Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectrum were used to explore the pulp yellowing inhibition causes by the xylanase treatment.
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9
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Liu G, Zhang L, Wei X, Zou G, Qin Y, Ma L, Li J, Zheng H, Wang S, Wang C, Xun L, Zhao GP, Zhou Z, Qu Y. Genomic and secretomic analyses reveal unique features of the lignocellulolytic enzyme system of Penicillium decumbens. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55185. [PMID: 23383313 PMCID: PMC3562324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many Penicillium species could produce extracellular enzyme systems with good lignocellulose hydrolysis performance. However, these species and their enzyme systems are still poorly understood and explored due to the lacking of genetic information. Here, we present the genomic and secretomic analyses of Penicillium decumbens that has been used in industrial production of lignocellulolytic enzymes in China for more than fifteen years. Comparative genomics analysis with the phylogenetically most similar species Penicillium chrysogenum revealed that P. decumbens has evolved with more genes involved in plant cell wall degradation, but fewer genes in cellular metabolism and regulation. Compared with the widely used cellulase producer Trichoderma reesei, P. decumbens has a lignocellulolytic enzyme system with more diverse components, particularly for cellulose binding domain-containing proteins and hemicellulases. Further, proteomic analysis of secretomes revealed that P. decumbens produced significantly more lignocellulolytic enzymes in the medium with cellulose-wheat bran as the carbon source than with glucose. The results expand our knowledge on the genetic information of lignocellulolytic enzyme systems in Penicillium species, and will facilitate rational strain improvement for the production of highly efficient enzyme systems used in lignocellulose utilization from Penicillium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Gen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Disease and Health Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyue Wang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Disease and Health Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Disease and Health Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Bleach boosting effect of xylanase A from Bacillus halodurans C-125 in ECF bleaching of wheat straw pulp. Enzyme Microb Technol 2013; 52:91-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Ali I, urRehman S, Hyder Ali S, Javaid A. The effect of borax-modified starch on wheat straw-based paper properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Xylanase and Ultrasound Assisted Pulping of Wheat Straw. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:731-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Cellulose degradation by Sulfolobus solfataricus requires a cell-anchored endo-β-1-4-glucanase. J Bacteriol 2012; 194:5091-100. [PMID: 22821975 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00672-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A sequence encoding a putative extracellular endoglucanase (sso1354) was identified in the complete genome sequence of Sulfolobus solfataricus. The encoded protein shares signature motifs with members of glycoside hydrolases family 12. After an unsuccessful first attempt at cloning the full-length coding sequences in Escherichia coli, an active but unstable recombinant enzyme lacking a 27-residue N-terminal sequence was generated. This 27-amino-acid sequence shows significant similarity with corresponding regions in the sugar binding proteins AraS, GlcS, and TreS of S. solfataricus that are responsible for anchoring them to the plasma membrane. A strategy based on an effective vector/host genetic system for Sulfolobus and on expression control by the promoter of the S. solfataricus gene which encodes the glucose binding protein allowed production of the enzyme in sufficient quantities for study. In fact, the enzyme expressed in S. solfataricus was stable and highly thermoresistant and showed optimal activity at low pH and high temperature. The protein was detected mainly in the plasma membrane fraction, confirming the structural similarity to the sugar binding proteins. The results of the protein expression in the two different hosts showed that the SSO1354 enzyme is endowed with an endo-β-1-4-glucanase activity and specifically hydrolyzes cellulose. Moreover, it also shows significant but distinguishable specificity toward several other sugar polymers, such as lichenan, xylan, debranched arabinan, pachyman, and curdlan.
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Wang Z, Jin Y, Wu H, Tian Z, Wu Y, Xie X. A novel, alkali-tolerant thermostable xylanase from Saccharomonospora viridis: direct gene cloning, expression and enzyme characterization. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 28:2741-8. [PMID: 22806200 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A xylanase gene, designated Svixyn10A, was cloned from actinomycetes Saccharomonospora viridis and the gene product was characterized. Gene Svixyn10A contains 1,374 bp and encodes a polypeptide of 457 amino acids composed of a glycoside hydrolase family 10 catalytic domain with a putative signal peptide, a short Gly-rich linker and a family 2 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM). The deduced amino acid sequence of SviXyn10A shared the highest identity (57 %) with a hypothetical xylanase from Streptomyces lividans TK24 (ZP_05528201). A recombinant His-tagged xylanase, SviXyn10A was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and purified. The optimum pH and temperature for SviXyn10A is 8.0 and 60 °C. Compared with thermophilic and mesophilic counterparts, SviXyn10A was more active at high temperatures, retaining >63 % of its maximum activity at 65-70 °C and ~40 % even at 80 °C. It had broad pH adaptability (>35 % activity at pH 5.0-11.0) and alkali-tolerance (>70 % activity after incubation at pH 8.0-11.0 for 1 h at 37 °C), and was highly thermostable (>75 % activity after incubation at 70 °C for 3 h at pH 8.0). It may be the first alkali-tolerant thermostable xylanase reported from Saccharomonospora. These favorable properties make SviXyn10A a good candidate for application in pulp and paper industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 QingHua East Road, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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Khonzue P, Laothanachareon T, Rattanaphan N, Tinnasulanon P, Apawasin S, Paemanee A, Ruanglek V, Tanapongpipat S, Champreda V, Eurwilaichitr L. Optimization of xylanase production from Aspergillus niger for biobleaching of eucalyptus pulp. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:1129-34. [PMID: 21670524 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A crude endo-xylanase produced by Aspergillus niger BCC14405 was investigated for its potential in pre-bleaching of chemical pulp from eucalyptus. The optimal fermentation conditions on the basis of optimization using response surface methodology included cultivation in a complex medium comprising wheat bran, rice bran, and soybean meal supplemented with yeast extract, glucose, peptone, and lactose with a starting pH of 6.0 for 7 d. This resulted in production of 89.5 IU/mL of xylanase with minor cellulase activity. Proteomic analysis using LC/MS/MS revealed that the crude enzyme was a composite of hemicellulolytic enzymes, including endo-β-1,4-xylanase and other hemicellulolytic enzymes attacking arabinoxylan and mannan. Pretreatment of the pulp at a xylanase dosage of 10 IU/g increased the brightness ceiling after the C-Eop-H bleaching step up to 3.0% using a chlorine charge with a C-factor of 0.16-0.20. Xylanase treatment also led to reduction in chlorine charge of at least 20%, with an acceptable brightness level. The enzyme pretreatment resulted in a slight increase in pulp viscosity, suggesting an increase in relative cellulose content. The crude enzyme was potent in the enzyme-aided bleaching of chemical pulp in an environmentally friendly pulping process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichart Khonzue
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
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16
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Chen X, Yu J, Zhang Z, Lu C. Study on structure and thermal stability properties of cellulose fibers from rice straw. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Ouyang J, Wang S, Wang Y, Li X, Chen M, Yong Q, Yu S. Production of a Trichoderma reesei QM9414 xylanase in Pichia pastoris and its application in biobleaching of wheat straw pulp. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Chen X, Xu S, Zhu M, Cui L, Zhu H, Liang Y, Zhang Z. Site-directed mutagenesis of an Aspergillus niger xylanase B and its expression, purification and enzymatic characterization in Pichia pastoris. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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A new xylanase from thermoalkaline Anoxybacillus sp. E2 with high activity and stability over a broad pH range. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-009-0254-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Qin MH, Xu QH, Shao ZY, Gao Y, Fu YJ, Lu XM, Gao PJ, Holmbom B. Effect of bio-treatment on the lipophilic and hydrophilic extractives of wheat straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:3082-7. [PMID: 19268580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 01/27/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat straw, an important papermaking raw material in China, was treated with a white-rot fungus of Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446, and the lipophilic and hydrophilic extractives from the control and bio-treated samples were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Bio-treatment of wheat straw could alter the chemical composition of both the lipophylic and hydrophilic extractives. Sugars and phenolic substances such as coniferyl alcohol, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 1-guaiacylglycerol and ferulic acid were substantially degraded or consumed by the fungus. More lipophilic substances such as wax, glycerides and steryl esters were degraded into the corresponding components, resulting in much higher concentrations of fatty acids and sterols in the bio-treated samples. Obviously, the bio-treatment of wheat straw was of benefit to pitch control in pulping and papermaking processes, in the view of degradation of the more lipophilic substances. In addition, the bio-treatment could increase the lignin concentration in hot-water extractives of wheat straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Qin
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, University Park of Science and Technology, Jinan 250353, China.
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Savitha S, Sadhasivam S, Swaminathan K. Modification of paper properties by the pretreatment of wastepaper pulp with Graphiumputredinis, Trichodermaharzianum and fusant xylanases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:883-9. [PMID: 18723340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphiumputredinis, Trichodermaharzianum and fusant were used in the present study to produce extracellular xylanases, an important industrial enzyme used in pulp and paper industry produced in a minimal medium supplemented with oat spelt xylan (1%, w/v) pH 7.0 at 27+/-2 degrees C. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity by DEAE-Cellulose and Superdex 75 FPLC column, respectively. The enzyme was found to be a monomer as determined by SDS gel electrophoresis. The optimum pH and temperature for purified G. putredinis, T. harzianum and fusant xylanases were 5.0-6.0 and 50-70 degrees C, respectively. Pretreatment of paper pulp with G. putredinis, T. harzianum and fusant xylanases decreased pulp kappa number. Xylanases particularly that of fusant at 5 IU/g pulp concentration and 1.5% pulp consistency at 60 degrees C for 18 h followed by EDED process yielded good quality paper from waste paper pulp. A significant increase in pulp brightness and improvement in various pulp properties, viz. burst capacity, thickness and bulkness of the treated pulp were observed in comparison to the conventional chemical bleaching. Easy purification and high stability of these enzymes makes it amicable for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Savitha
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Li L, Li XZ, Tang WZ, Zhao J, Qu YB. Screening of a fungus capable of powerful and selective delignification on wheat straw. Lett Appl Microbiol 2008; 47:415-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lu F, Lu M, Lu Z, Bie X, Zhao H, Wang Y. Purification and characterization of xylanase from Aspergillus ficuum AF-98. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:5938-5941. [PMID: 18068974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The purification and characterization of xylanase from Aspergillus ficuum AF-98 were investigated in this work. The extracellular xylanase from this fungal was purified 32.6-fold to homogeneity throughout the precipitation with 50-80% (NH(4))(2)SO(4), DEAE-Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. The purified xylanase (specific activity at 288.7 U/ mg protein) was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 35.0 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The optimal temperature and pH for the action of the enzyme were at 45 degrees C and 5.0, respectively. The xylanase was activated by Cu(2+) up to 115.8% of activity, and was strongly inhibited by Hg(2+), Pb(2+) up to 52.8% and 89%, respectively. The xylanase exhibited K(m) and V(max) values of 3.267 mg/mL, 18.38 M/min/mg for beechwood xylan and 3.747 mg/mL, 11.1M/min/mg for birchwood xylan, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Lu
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Gonçalves A, Moriya R, Oliveira L, Saad M. Xylanase recycling for the economical biobleaching of sugarcane bagasse and straw pulps. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Shen Y, Zhang Y, Ma T, Bao X, Du F, Zhuang G, Qu Y. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of acid-pretreated corncobs with a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing beta-glucosidase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:5099-103. [PMID: 17976983 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the cellobiose inhibition of exoglucanase and endogulcanase and enhance cellulose hydrolysis during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), a beta-glucosidase encoding gene named BGL1 was cloned from Saccharomycopsis fibuligera and integrated into the chromosomal rDNA region of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae industrial strain NAN-27 producing NAN-227. Compared with the parental strain, which had no detectable activity, the beta-glucosidase specific activity in NAN-227 was 1.02 IU/mg of protein. When cellobiose was used as the sole carbon source in a shake-flask, NAN-227 consumed 6.2g/L of cellobiose and produced 3.3g/L of ethanol in 48 h. The yield was 0.532 g/g. The parent strain only consumed 1.92 g/L of cellobiose and no ethanol was detected. During the SSF of acid-pretreated corncobs NAN-227 produced 20 g/L of ethanol at 72 h, which was similar to the parent strain when 20IU of beta-glucosidase/g of substrate was added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
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Kapoor M, Kapoor RK, Kuhad RC. Differential and synergistic effects of xylanase and laccase mediator system (LMS) in bleaching of soda and waste pulps. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 103:305-17. [PMID: 17650190 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Investigation of waste pulps and soda pulp bleaching with xylanase (X) and laccase mediator system (LMS) alone and in conjunction (one after the other) (XLMS). METHODS AND RESULTS Soda and different grades of waste pulp fibres [used for making three-layered duplex sheets - top layer (TL), protective layer (PL) and bottom layer (BL)] when pretreated with either xylanase (40.0 IU g(-1)) or LMS (up to 200.0 U g(-1)) alone and in combination (one after the other) (XLMS) exhibited an increase in release of reducing sugars [up to 881.0% soda pulp; up to 736.6% (TL), up to 215.7% (PL) and up to 198.0% (BL) waste pulp], reduction in kappa number [up to 17.6% soda pulp; up to 14.0% (TL), up to 25.3% (PL) and up to 10.9% (BL), waste pulp], improvement in brightness [up to 20.4% soda pulp; up to 23.6% (TL), up to 8.6% (PL) and up to 5.0% (BL), waste pulp] when compared with the respective controls. The usage of XLMS along with 15% reduced level of hypochlorite at CEHHXLMS/EHHXLMS bleaching stage reduced kappa number [5.5% soda pulp; 11.4% (TL), 7.9% (PL), waste pulp] and improved brightness [1.0% soda pulp; 0.9% (TL), 1.4% (PL) waste pulp] when compared with the controls. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed development of cracks, flakes, pores and peeling off the fibres in the enzyme-treated pulp samples. These modifications of the fibre surface during enzymatic bleaching in turn indicated the removal of lignin and derived compounds from the fibre cell wall. CONCLUSIONS The work describes synergistic action of xylanase with LMS for bleaching of waste and nonwood pulps for eco-friendly production of paper and thus reveals a new unexploited arena for enzyme-based pulp bleaching. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The drastic improvement in pulp properties obtained after xylanase and LMS treatment would improve the competitiveness of enzyme-based, environmentally benign processes over chemicals both economically and environmentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kapoor
- Lignocellulose Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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Savitha S, Sadhasivam S, Swaminathan K. Application of Aspergillus fumigatus xylanase for quality improvement of waste paper pulp. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2007; 78:217-21. [PMID: 17437052 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Savitha
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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