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Kim C, Kim S, Jung AR, Jang JH, Bae J, Choi WII, Sung D. Nanoparticle Encapsulation of the Hexane Fraction of Cyperus Rotundus Extract for Enhanced Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:8403-8415. [PMID: 39165772 PMCID: PMC11335006 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s452636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Cyperus rotundus L. (CR) is traditionally used in medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. In particular, α-cyperone, which is isolated from the essential oil and found primarily in the n-hexane fraction of the ethanolic extract, is known to inhibit NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. However, high concentrations of α-cyperone are required for sufficient anti-inflammatory activity. Even, essential oil obtained from C. rotundus has the disadvantage of low solubility and stability in aqueous environment, which makes it difficult to be applied in various fields and easily loses its activity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to increase the extraction yield of C. rotundus by microbubble extraction and prepare nanoparticles (NPs) that can preserve its activity in a stable and bioavailable manner by utilizing nanoprecipitation. Methods C. rotundus rhizomes were extracted in 50% ethanol using microbubbles and then fractionated with n-hexane to obtain α-cyperone-rich C. rotundus n-hexane fraction (CRHF). The biodegradable plant extract, α-cyperone, was prepared as green nanoparticles (CR@NPs) by nanoprecipitation technique under mild reaction conditions. The physicochemical properties of CR@NPs, including size, polydispersity index, and surface charge, were determined using dynamic light scattering. The extraction yield and encapsulation efficiency of α-cyperone were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by DPPH assay and in vitro ROS and NO assays, and biocompatibility was assessed by MTT assay. Results C. rotundus loaded nanoparticles demonstrated overcoming the limitation of α-cyperone solubility and stability in CRHF and also the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties as evidenced by in vitro assays in cellular models. Conclusion The versatility of green chemistry, such as α-cyperone, enables the production of nanoparticles with promising biomedical applications such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaehyun Kim
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Jung
- J2K-Metabiome, J2KBIO, Cheongju, 28104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Jang
- J2K-Metabiome, J2KBIO, Cheongju, 28104, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Juntae Bae
- J2K-Metabiome, J2KBIO, Cheongju, 28104, Republic of Korea
| | - Won I I Choi
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekyung Sung
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea
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Yang L, Zhang X, Wang Z, Lin X, Zhang Y, Lu J, Wu L, Yao S, Jing W, Huang X, Wang P. Decoction regulating phytochemicals' micromorphology changes and anti-inflammation activity enhancements originated from herb medicine supermolecules. Chin Med 2024; 19:19. [PMID: 38279104 PMCID: PMC10811931 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00864-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mahuang Fuzi decoction (MGF) is composed of three herb medicines that has been clinically used to treat inflammatory diseases for a long history. At present, more and more active phytochemicals' aggregations have been found during the thermodynamic process of herb medicine decoction, and revealing the clinical efficacy of herb medicine through supramolecular strategies is the focus of current research. However, it is not clear whether decoction induced supermolecules' morphological changes to modify activity. METHODS Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to analyze the micromorphology of MGF, MGF SA (MGF supermolecules), and MIX (physical mixture of MGF single decoction). The interaction and thermodynamic parameters of single herbs in a decoction were investigated by Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The phytochemicals were systematically analyzed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). Under the safe dose on RAW264.7 cells, NO, IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) method. NF-κB p65 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus was examined using the immunofluorescence assay and the western blot, respectively. Furthermore, Metabolomics was used to discover potential biomarkers and the associated metabolic pathways of MGF SA treatment. RESULTS There were nanoscale aggregations in MGF, and the micromorphology of the extracted MGF SA consisted of uniform particles; while the MIX micromorphology had no uniformity. ITC showed that the interaction MH-GC and FZ-GC were a spontaneous exothermic reaction, indicating that their phytochemicals had the property of self-assembly. Though the micromorphology between MGF, MGF SA, and MIX was obviously different, UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS results displayed that the main phytochemicals of MGF and MIX had nearly the same components. Interestingly, MGF and MGF SA could significantly inhibit the production of NO, and had better inhibition effect on the expression of nuclear protein NF-κB p65 than MIX, among which MGF SA had the best effect. Further investigation indicated that the perturbance of metabolic profiling in RAW264.7 inflammatory cells was obviously reversed by MGF SA. CONCLUSIONS The decoction enriched the key active phytochemicals and regulated the formation of homogeneous nanoparticles in MGF SA. The supermolecules in MGF SA significantly enhanced its anti-inflammatory activity, primarily affecting the NF-κB signaling pathway and the biosynthesis and metabolism of arginine in RAW264.7 inflammatory cells. Current study displayed that co-decocting herbal medicine were beneficial to the treatment of diseases than the mixture of the single herbs' extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Yang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Zhijia Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yaozhi Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jihui Lu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Linying Wu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shuchang Yao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Wenguang Jing
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xuemei Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Penglong Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Xue BX, He RS, Lai JX, Mireku-Gyimah NA, Zhang LH, Wu HH. Phytochemistry, data mining, pharmacology, toxicology and the analytical methods of Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae): a comprehensive review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2023:1-46. [PMID: 37359712 PMCID: PMC10183317 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-023-09870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. has been widely used in the treatment and prevention of numerous diseases in traditional systems of medicine around the world, such as nervous, gastrointestinal systems diseases and inflammation. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), its rhizomes are frequently used to treat liver disease, stomach pain, breast tenderness, dysmenorrheal and menstrual irregularities. The review is conducted to summarize comprehensively the plant's vernacular names, distribution, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and analytical methods, along with the data mining for TCM prescriptions containing C. rotundus. Herein, 552 compounds isolated or identified from C. rotundus were systematically collated and classified, concerning monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolics and phenolic glycosides, triterpenoids and steroids, diterpenoids, quinonoids, alkaloids, saccharides and others. Their pharmacological effects on the digestive system, nervous system, gynecological diseases, and other bioactivities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, insect repellent, anti-microbial activity, etc. were summarized accordingly. Moreover, except for the data mining on the compatibility of C. rotundus in TCM, the separation, identification and analytical methods of C. rotundus compositions were also systematically summarized, and constituents of the essential oils from different regions were re-analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis. In addition, the toxicological study progresses on C. rotundus revealed the safety property of this herb. This review is designed to serve as a scientific basis and theoretical reference for further exploration into the clinical use and scientific research of C. rotundus. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary materials available at 10.1007/s11101-023-09870-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian-Xia Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-Shang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nana Ama Mireku-Gyimah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617 People’s Republic of China
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Effects of Tea Tree Oil on Production Performance, Serum Parameter Indices, and Immunity in Postpartum Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040682. [PMID: 36830470 PMCID: PMC9952486 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea tree oil (TTO) plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism and has anti-inflammatory properties. In postpartum dairy cows, dry matter intake (DMI) is dramatically decreased, resulting in lipid metabolism disorder and the systemic pro-inflammatory response. However, the effects of TTO on glucolipid metabolism and immunity in postpartum dairy cows remain uninvestigated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of TTO on production performance, serum biochemical indicators, and immunity in postpartum dairy cows. Our results demonstrate that DMI tended to increase (p = 0.07) in the total mixed ration (TMR) diets supplemented with 0.01% TTO/dry matter (DM) basis relative to that in the control group. The 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) content in the 0.01% and 0.02% TTO groups showed an increase (p = 0.09) compared with that in the control. Remarkably, the levels of globulin (GLO) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were elevated (p < 0.05) in the TMR diet supplemented with 0.02% TTO compared to those in the control group. The TTO caused no profound changes in cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Notably, 0.02% TTO increased (p < 0.05) the serum glucose concentration relative to that in the control group. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TTO could improve glucolipid metabolism and enhance immunity in postpartum dairy cows. It may be a novel resolution strategy for body condition recovery and the improvement of milk performance.
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Kanwal A, Bilal M, Rasool N, Zubair M, Shah SAA, Zakaria ZA. Total Synthesis of Terpenes and Their Biological Significance: A Critical Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1392. [PMID: 36422521 PMCID: PMC9699253 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Terpenes are a group of natural products made up of molecules with the formula (C5H8)n that are typically found in plants. They are widely employed in the medicinal, flavor, and fragrance industries. The total synthesis of terpenes as well as their origin and biological potential are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Borneo Research on Algesia, Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (BRAIN) Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sabah Universiti Malaysia, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
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Wang F, Zhang S, Zhang J, Yuan F. Systematic review of ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Cyperi Rhizoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965902. [PMID: 36278199 PMCID: PMC9585201 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperi Rhizoma (CR) is the dry rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L., a Cyperaceae plant. It has a long history of clinical medication and is known as the “holy medicine” of gynecology. CR smells sweet and bitter. It has the effect of soothing the liver and relieving depression, regulating qi, regulating meridian and relieving pain. It can be used to treat liver qi stagnation, chest pain, spleen and stomach qi stagnation, hernia pain, irregular menstruation and other diseases. At present, the main chemical constituents isolated from CR are volatile oil, flavonoids and terpenes. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that CR has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antidepressant, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic effects. In this paper, the botany, traditional application, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, processing and other aspects of CR are reviewed. At the same time, the shortcomings of current research of CR are discussed in depth, and the possible solutions are put forward in order to find a breakthrough point for future research of CR.
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Lu J, Li W, Gao T, Wang S, Fu C, Wang S. The association study of chemical compositions and their pharmacological effects of Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu), a potential traditional Chinese medicine for treating depression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 287:114962. [PMID: 34968659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyperi Rhizoma (CR) derives from the rhizome or tuber of Cyperus rotundus L. of Cyperaceae. It is an herbal medicine which has been widely used in different healthcare systems like in China, India, Iran, and Japan. In Chinese medicine, CR could promote the flow of Qi in the Liver and Sanjiao channels, regulate menstruation and alleviate pain. Clinically, CR is used for depression, flatulence, hypochondriac pain, and dysmenorrhea. Thus, it has a long history and significant curative effect for the treatment of various Qi stagnation symptoms. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review focuses on explaining the major antidepressant mechanisms of CR, and assessing the shortcomings of existing work. Besides, clinical applications, pharmacological effects and their corresponding chemical compositions and quality control of CR have been researched. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search terms "Cyperus rotundus L." was used to obtain the literatures from electronic databases such as Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The information provided in this review to illustrate material basis of CR were only limited to papers which reported on the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects simultaneously. RESULT The study showed that CR has significant application in Qi stagnation, like depressed liver, stomach, and bowel disorders, etc. in different countries or districts. Aqueous extract, EtOH extract, essential oil, total oligomeric flavonoids and five other extracts were effective constituents displaying pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, neuroprotective, antihemolytic, and anti-inflammatory effect. 41 kinds of specific components like α-cyperone, nootkatone exhibited corresponding pharmacological activities mentioned above. Different concentrations of ethanol extract, essential oil, decoction of CR and monomer composition like α-cyperone, rotunduside G had anti-depressant effects. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we have provided scientific information and research developments on traditional uses, phytochemical compositions and corresponding pharmacological activities, and quality control status on CR. The antidepression effect and its corresponding chemical compositions were generalized separately. The pharmacological activities studies should be more focused on the reflection of traditional clinical values. CR could be a significant potential herbal medicine to develop antidepressant drugs with lower side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China; West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenbing Li
- Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610225, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tianhui Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China.
| | - Chaomei Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shu Wang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Quality Status Analysis and Intrinsic Connection Research of Growing place, Morphological Characteristics, and Quality of Chinese Medicine: Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu) as a Case Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8309832. [PMID: 35356235 PMCID: PMC8959972 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8309832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Materials and Methods The macroscopic characteristics of CR as well as its moisture, ethanol extract, essential oil, total ash, and acid-insoluble ash contents were examined and calculated. In addition, qualitative identification and quantitative determination of α-cyperone, cyperotundone, and nootkatone were simultaneously performed, and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint chromatogram was established. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and gas chromatography methods recorded in ChP were used to measure the contents of residues of heavy metal and deleterious elements as well as residues of organochlorine pesticide, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis and typical canonical correlation analysis were performed using Origin 9.1 and SPSS 23.0 to explore the correlation between CR's growth area, morphological characteristics, and quality. Results Of the 47 batches of CR analyzed, only 4 collected from the province of Shandong had a flat appearance, which did not accord with the macroscopic characteristics of CR. Overall, only 4 batches met ChP standards for CR. In addition, 30 and 38 batches did not meet the requirements for moisture content and essential oil content, respectively. The similarity values of HPLC fingerprints ranged from 0.568 to 0.986. Results of hierarchical cluster analysis for ethanol extracts, essential oil, α-cyperone, cyperotundone, and nootkatone and the HPLC fingerprints (total peak time and peak area) suggested that the samples could be classified into four clusters, with no significant difference in growth geographic areas among them. Results of canonical correlation analysis indicated that the first canonical pair could represent the correlation between macroscopic characteristics (vector 1) and chemical quality (vector 2), with shorter diameter and length denoting lower ethanol extract content and higher nootkatone content in a single grain of CR. Conclusions Crude medicinal materials were collected and examined in this study to reflect the overall quality status of CR in China. The methods chosen to detect, calculate, and analyze the quality of CR were suitable to the investigation, and the results are crucial not only for estimating the current quality status of CR, but also for conducting further research into its cultivation, quality assurance, and commodity specification. Besides, this mode of investigation could be used to evaluate other medicines.
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Golla S, Pasala PK, Sura S, Nainita K, Katabathina D. Anti urolithiatic activity of Cyperus rotundus tubers: In silico, In vitro and In vivo approaches. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e181009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Golla
- Creative educational society’s College of Pharmacy, India
| | | | - Suman Sura
- Creative educational society’s College of Pharmacy, India
| | - Kavya Nainita
- Creative educational society’s College of Pharmacy, India
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Rai SK, Ganeshan S, Mariappan R, Rajendran AP, Balasubramaniem A, Pugazhendhi A, Varalakshmi P. Mesoporous nanoparticles for the delivery of (9S,E)-8-ethyl-9-methylnonadec-6-en-3-one (EME): A study of anti-inflammatory and tumor suppressing potential in RAW 264.7, He La and HepG2 cell lines. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Khuntia BK, Sharma V, Qazi S, Das S, Sharma S, Raza K, Sharma G. Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants Against COVID-19: An In Silico Analysis. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211056753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Even after one and a half years since the outbreak of COVID-19, its complete and effective control is still far from being achieved despite vaccination drives, symptomatic management with available drugs, and wider lockdowns. This has inspired researchers to screen potential phytochemicals from medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2, adopting a bio-informatics approach. The current study aimed to assess anti-viral activity of the phytochemicals derived from Ayurvedic medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2 drug targets [3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)] using validated in silico methods.3D Structures of 196 phytochemicals from three Ayurvedic plants were retrieved from PubChem and KNApSAcK databases and screened for Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion and Toxicity(ADMET) to predict drug-likeness. The phytochemicals were subjected to molecular docking and only three showed promise: Acetovanillonewith a binding affinity of −4.7Kcal/mol with RdRp and −4.1 Kcal/mol with 3CL pro; myrtenol with equivalent values of −4.3 Kcal/mol with RdRP and −3.2 Kcal/mol with 3CLpro; and nimbochalcin with equivalent values of −5.0Kcal/mol with RdRp and −4.9 Kcal/mol with 3CLpro. Molecular dynamics simulation (50ns) analysis was made of 3CLpro and RdRp using Autodock Vina 1.1.2 software and VMD software. After ADMET analysis, 78 phytochemicals were found suitable for molecular docking. Three, namely acetovanillone, myrtenol and nimbochalcin from Picrorhiza kurroa, Azadirachta indica and Cyperus rotundus,respectively,exhibited good binding affinity with 3CLproand RdRp of SARS-CoV-2. Interaction analysis, molecular dynamics simulations and MM-PBSA calculations were executed for two complexes, acetovanillone_RdRp and myrtenol_3CL pro.Acetovanillone_RdRpcomplex did not display any structural change after MD simulation as compared to myrtenol_3CL pro. The overall stability of acetovanillone_6NUR was 154.7 kJ/mol, and for myrtenol_1UJ1 90.5 kJ/mol. In silico analysis revealed that acetovanillone ( Picrorhiza kurroa) and myrtenol ( Cyperus rotundus) possess anti SARS-CoV-2 activity. Further studies are needed to validate their efficacy in biological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Krushna Khuntia
- Center for Integrative Medicine & Research (CIMR), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Vandna Sharma
- Center for Integrative Medicine & Research (CIMR), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sahar Qazi
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumi Das
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shruti Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Khalid Raza
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Sharma
- Center for Integrative Medicine & Research (CIMR), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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Choi JW, Joo JD, In JH, Kim D, Kim Y, Choi ST, Kim JH, Jung HS. The small molecule kobusone can stimulate islet β-cell replication in vivo. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211032849. [PMID: 34320857 PMCID: PMC8330483 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211032849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of kobusone to reduce high glucose levels and promote β-cell proliferation. METHODS Four-week-old female db/db mice were assigned to the kobusone (25 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally twice a day) or control group (same volume of PBS). Glucose levels and body weight were measured twice a week. After 6 weeks, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and immunohistochemical studies were performed, and insulin levels were determined. The expression of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, such as PI3K, Akt, cyclin D3 and p57Kip2, was measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Kobusone reduced blood glucose levels after 3 weeks and more strongly increased serum insulin levels than the vehicle. Immunohistochemistry illustrated that kobusone increased 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation into islet β-cells, suggesting that it can stimulate islet β-cell replication in vivo. RT-qPCR indicated that kobusone upregulated the mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt, and cyclin D3 and downregulated that of p57Kip2. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that kobusone is a potent pancreatic islet β-cell inducer that has the potential to be developed as an anti-diabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin-Deok Joo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jang Hyeok In
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Daewoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yongshin Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jung Han Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hong Soo Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Chemistry and Pharmacology of Cyperaceae Stilbenoids: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092794. [PMID: 34068509 PMCID: PMC8125981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperaceae is a cosmopolitan plant family with approx. 5000 species distributed worldwide. Several members of this family are used in traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases. In the last few decades, constituents with great chemical diversity were isolated from sedges, and a wide range of biological activities were detected either for crude extracts or for pure compounds. Among the isolated compounds, phenolic derivatives are the most important, especially stilbenoids, and flavonoids. To date, more than 60 stilbenoids were isolated from 28 Cyperaceae species. Pharmacological investigation of Cyperaceae stilbenoids revealed that several compounds possess promising activities; mainly antiproliferative, antibacterial, antioxidant and anthelmintic effects. Isolation, synthesis and pharmacological investigation of stilbenes are increasing constantly. As Cyperaceae species are very good sources of a wide variety of stilbenes, and several of them occur in large amount worldwide, they are worthy for phytochemical and pharmacological investigations. Moreover, stilbenes are important from chemotaxonomical point of view, and they play a key role in plant defense mechanisms as well. This review summarizes the stilbenoids isolated from sedges, and their biological activities.
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Shelf-life assessment of bread containing Cyperus rotundus rhizome aqueous extract with antimicrobial compounds identified by 1H-NMR. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Gao P, Ding N, Lv J, Ramzan MN, Wen Q. α-Cyperone inhibitory effects on tumor-derived DNA trigger microglia by STING pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113246. [PMID: 32781257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is a widespread herbal in China and widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for multiple effects such as anti-arthritic, anti-genotoxic, anti-mutagenic, anti-bacterial effects, and analgesic. α-Cyperone is an active compound in Cyperus rotundus and has analgesic effects, but the exact molecular mechanisms require further investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor-derived DNA isolated from Lewis cell lines was transfected into microglia, and analyzed for stimulator of interferon genes (STING) effects. The downstream protein, such as interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and p65 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were treated with STING siRNA and 5,6-dimethyllxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) in microglia. The α-Cyperone effect on microglia was also investigated. RESULTS Tumor-derived DNA activate microglia by upregulation of STING and downstream proteins. STING siRNA was reduced to its downstream expression and neuroinflammation inhibition was caused by tumor-derived DNA. However, DMXAA reversed the STING siRNA effect and increased neuroinflammation. α-Cyperone takes inhibitory effects on tumor-derived DNA that trigger microglia by STING pathway. CONCLUSIONS α-Cyperone inhibition by tumor-derived DNA activated microglial to neuroinflammation in STING signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Jiaxin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Muhammad Noman Ramzan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Babiaka SB, Moumbock AFA, Günther S, Ntie-Kang F. Natural products in Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae): an update of the chemistry and pharmacological activities. RSC Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00478f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. (Nutgrass, family Cyperaceae) is a notorious weed which is widespread in temperate tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurélien F. A. Moumbock
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universitӓt Freiburg
- D-79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universitӓt Freiburg
- D-79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Buea
- Buea
- Cameroon
- Institute of Pharmacy
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Majumder M, Sharma M, Maiti S, Mukhopadhyay R. Edible Tuber Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Extract Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Migration of Breast Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2477-2490. [PMID: 33034216 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1830127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants offer enormous possibilities in the quest of novel bioactive formulation for cancer therapy. Here, we studied the anticancer efficacy of the extract of edible tuber Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) (APTE) against estrogen positive MCF-7 and triple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. APTE showed significant cytotoxic activity in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. The effect of APTE on metastatic parameters e.g., migration, adhesion, and invasion in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were studied using wound healing, collagen adhesion, and transwell matrigel invasion assays, respectively. APTE significantly reduced migration in both the cell lines, however, its effect on the inhibition of adhesion and invasion was higher in MDA-MB-231 cells. Annexin V-Cy3 staining suggested that APTE induced apoptosis in these cells which was further validated by attenuation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and induction of pro-apoptotic Bax, Caspase-7 expression and cleavage of PARP. High resolution-liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy analysis with bioactive ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of APTE detected several compounds with anticancer activities. Overall, the study described the mechanism of anticancer activity of a common edible tuber A. paeoniifolius and contributes to growing list of naturally occurring chemo-preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmi Majumder
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Siddhartha Maiti
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rupak Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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Pei XD, Yao HL, Shen LQ, Yang Y, Lu L, Xiao JS, Wang XY, He ZL, Jiang LH. α-Cyperone inhibits the proliferation of human cervical cancer HeLa cells via ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173355. [PMID: 32687921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading killer of female cancer patients worldwide. Each year more than half a million women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and the disease results in over 300, 000 deaths. α-Cyperone is known as the principal active ingredient in the Cyperus rotundus (Family: Cyperaceae). However, the effects of α-Cyperone on cancers, especially on cervical cancer, are yet to be explored. In the present study, the underlying mechanism of the anti-tumor activity of α-Cyperone against HeLa cells was investigated. The results showed that α-Cyperone inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. Mechanistically, α-Cyperone promoted HeLa cells apoptosis via a mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which was proved by increased level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated expression of cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, PARP, and Bax. Further RNA-sequencing revealed α-Cyperone inhibited the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in HeLa cells, which confirmed by PI3K inhibitor and agonist. The PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) synergized with α-Cyperone in arresting the growth of HeLa cells, whereas the PI3K agonist (IGF-1) abrogated such an effect. Interestingly, the expression of PD-L1 was attenuated by both α-Cyperone and LY294002, while the supplement of IGF-1 rescued the low expression of PD-L1. In conclusion, our results reveal that the inhibitory effect of α-Cyperone on HeLa cell growth is triggered via the ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and closely related to a decline in the PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Pei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563100, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, PR China
| | - Hong-Liang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Drug Synthesis and Evaluation Center, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li-Qun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, 530006, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541000, PR China
| | - Lan Lu
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, 610106, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jun-Song Xiao
- Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University-BTBU, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, PR China
| | - Zhi-Long He
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, PR China
| | - Li-He Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563100, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, PR China; Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China; School of Basic Medical Science, YouJiang Medical University for Nationaties, No. 98 Chengxiang Road, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, PR China.
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Wakkumbura HP, Wickramaarachchi WMD, Arawwawala LDAM, Liyanage JA, Rajapakse RPVJ. Assessment of the Quality and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of a Novel Sri Lankan Ayurvedic Polyherbal Formulation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:2319315. [PMID: 32733579 PMCID: PMC7383315 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2319315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Sri Lanka, a Polyherbal Ayurvedic Formulation (PHAF), which consists of powders of seven medicinal plants, is being trialed for use as an anti-inflammatory drug. In general, anti-inflammatory drugs have good antioxidant properties. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt was made to assess the quality and evaluate the antioxidant potential of PHAF. METHODS Physicochemical parameters such as ash content, extractable matter, phytochemical screening for secondary metabolites, levels of heavy metals, and microbes were determined according to standard protocols. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using five in vitro assays: total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt. RESULTS PHAF contained 5.6 ± 0.2% of moisture, 6.5 ± 0.1% of total ash, 1.4 ± 0.1% of water soluble ash, 0.9 ± 0.0% of acid insoluble ash, 7.7 ± 0.2% of hot water extractable matter, 3.9 ± 0.1% of cold water extractable matter, 10.5 ± 4.1% of hot-ethanol extractable matter, and 8.4 ± 0.2% of cold-ethanol extractable matter. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, and saponins in both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the drug. TPC, TFC, ORAC, DPPH, and ABTS of aqueous and ethanol extracts of PHAF were 103.65 ± 4.94 and 327.07 ± 9.65 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract, 76.6 ± 5.83 and 224.6 ± 8.42 mg quercetin equivalents/g of extract, 481.11 ± 17.30 and 1481.44 ± 30.20 mg trolox equivalents/g of extract, 79.50 ± 4.42 and 227.17 ± 6.16 mg trolox equivalents/g of extract, and 198.20 ± 4.55 and 577.08 ± 5.48 mg trolox equivalents/g of extract, respectively. CONCLUSION Ethanolic extract of PHAF is better than aqueous extract in terms of antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. P. Wakkumbura
- Department of Kaumarabruthya and Stree Roga, Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute, University of Kelaniya, Yakkala, Sri Lanka
| | - W. M. D. Wickramaarachchi
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | - J. A. Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Yakkala, Sri Lanka
| | - R. P. V. J. Rajapakse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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Shafiq N, Noreen S, Rafiq N, Ali B, Parveen S, Mahmood A, Sajid A, Akhtar N, Bilal M. Isolation of bioactive compounds from Rumex hastatus extract and their biological evaluation and docking study as potential anti-oxidant and anti-urease agents. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13320. [PMID: 32542898 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the methanolic extract of Rumex hastatus was prepared and subjected to silica gel column chromatographic separation for purification. The chromatographic analysis yielded four bioactive compounds namely, 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone (C1, chrysophanol), 3-methoxy-7-methyl-1,5-dihydroxy-anthraquinone (C2), 6-methyl-1,3,7-trihydroxy-anthraquinone (C3), and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (C4). The structures of all the isolated bio-entities were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis (1D, 2D-NMR, and MS). The biological potentialities of bioactive compounds were evaluated by determining their antioxidant and anti-urease activities. The results revealed that compound 1 showed the highest nitrite radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.39 mM) followed by C2 and C4 (IC50 = 0.45) mM and C3 (IC50 = 0.47 mM). Similarly, the determined IC50 values for anti-urease activity were C2 (IC50 = 0.39 mM), C1 (IC50 = 0.40), C4 (IC50 = 0.41), and C3 (IC50 = 44). Molecular docking study revealed maximum interactions among the hydroxyl group of all compounds. In conclusion, Rumex hastatus extract could be a promising alternative to chemical additives in pharmaceutical industries due to its noteworthy biological activities. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: As we have shown in this study that Rumex hastatus is a prolific source of biologically active compounds with potent antioxidant and anti-urease activities, therefore, R. hastatus extract could be used as a promising alternative to chemical additives in pharmaceutical industries due to its unique compounds and noteworthy biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Madina Town, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Noreen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naila Rafiq
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Basharat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Madina Town, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Madina Town, Pakistan
| | - Arfa Sajid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government Sadiq Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
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21
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Zhan K, Yang T, Feng B, Zhu X, Chen Y, Huo Y, Zhao G. The protective roles of tea tree oil extracts in bovine mammary epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:62. [PMID: 32549980 PMCID: PMC7294674 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tea tree oil (TTO) plays an important role in antibacterial activity and alleviating the inflammatory responses. Bovine mammary epithelium and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) can actively respond to bovine mastitis infection. However, regulatory effects of TTO extracts on the innate immune response of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) and PMNL remain not reported. Therefore, aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of TTO extracts on the mRNA levels of the genes involved in the innate immune response of BMECs and PMNL. Results Our results demonstrated that addition of 0.025% and 0.05% TTO increased the proliferation of BMECs, and significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) the viability of BMECs exposed to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). An inhibitory effect was observed against the growth of S. aureus by TTO incubation. The 0.05% TTO reduced S. aureus biofilm formation, association and invasion of S. aureus to BMECs, and changed the morphological and structural features of S. aureus. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were decreased (P < 0.001) by the incubation of TTO. Interestingly, the expression of IL-8 known for PMNL chemotactic function was elevated (P < 0.05) by 0.05% TTO treatment. Consistently, 0.05% TTO increased the migration of PMNL in S. aureus-exposed BMECs when compared with S. aureus treatment alone (P < 0.05). In addition, PMNL incubated with 0.05% TTO decreased the levels of NFKB inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) and TNF-α. Conclusions Our results indicate that use of TTO can relieve the BMECs pro-inflammatory response caused by S. aureus and promote the migration of PMNL to mount the innate immune responses, and it may be novel strategy for the treatment of bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhan
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Tianyu Yang
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Baobao Feng
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Wuxi Chenfang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Yinyin Chen
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Yongjiu Huo
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
| | - Guoqi Zhao
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China
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Simorangkir D, Masfria M, Harahap U, Satria D. Activity Anticancer n-hexane Fraction of Cyperus Rotundus l. Rhizome to Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cell Line. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3904-3906. [PMID: 32128002 PMCID: PMC7048359 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Indonesia. Failures that often occur in the treatment of cancer primarily through chemotherapy, synthetic drugs that have side effects include anemia, alopecia, cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic due to low anti-cancer selectivity and unclear carcinogenesis process. Cyperus rotundus L. rhizome is one of the medicinal plants that potential enough to be developed as an anticancer agent. AIM: The aim of this study was to anticancer activity n-hexane fraction Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes to breast cancer MCF-7 cell line in vitro. METHODS: Cyperus rutundus L. rhizomes powder was extracted ethanol by percolation then fractionated with n-hexane. Phytochemical screening was then carried out. The cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane fraction was determined by observing this extract on MCF-7 cells using the (3- (4,5-dimethylimidazole-2-il) -2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) (MTT). Selectivity index (IS) of normal cells (Vero cells). Cell cycle and apoptosis induction were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The result showed that the fraction n-hexane Cyperus rutundus L. rhizome has anticancer activity against breast cancer MCF-7 cells with accumulation cell cycle in the G0-G1 phase and through induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The n-hexane fraction Cyperus rotundus L. rhizome has potent anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delisma Simorangkir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Masfria Masfria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Urip Harahap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Denny Satria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
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Wang F, Song X, Ma S, Liu C, Sun X, Wang X, Liu Z, Liang D, Yu Z. The treatment role of Cyperus rotundus L. to triple-negative breast cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190502. [PMID: 31123166 PMCID: PMC6554218 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and studies have reported its anticancer effect, but its chemical composition and therapy mechanism remains unknown. This research aims to analyze the chemical components of the ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus L. (EECR), detect its treatment effects on human Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, and elucidate possible therapy mechanisms. The chemical components of EECR were detected by the Waters UPLC combined with Bruker Q-TOF mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The phytochemical compounds were identified by comparing the mass fragmentations of each metabolite with databases such as METLIN, HMDB, and NCBI. A total of 21 compounds were identified in EECR. MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells were treated with various concentrations of EECR. Cell proliferation was examined using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Apoptosis- and autophagy-related protein expression was detected by Western blot. EECR inhibits the proliferation of TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) in a dose-dependent manner, which may be related to the arrest of cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. It induces apoptosis by promoting the expression of BAX and inhibiting the expression of BCL-2. In addition, autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) inhibited TNBC cells pro-survival autophagy and increased the sensitivity of EECR. The present results demonstrated that EECR has potential effects on inhibits the proliferation and induction apoptosis in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fukai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20057, U.S.A
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xinzhao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
| | - Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
| | - Dong Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250017, China
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Frankincense essential oil suppresses melanoma cancer through down regulation of Bcl-2/Bax cascade signaling and ameliorates heptotoxicity via phase I and II drug metabolizing enzymes. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3472-3490. [PMID: 31191820 PMCID: PMC6544398 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a deadly form of malignancy and according to the World Health Organization 132,000 new cases of melanoma are diagnosed worldwide each year. Surgical resection and chemo/drug treatments opted for early and late stage of melanoma respectively, however detrimental post surgical and chemotherapy consequences are inevitable. Noticeably melanoma drug treatments are associated with liver injuries such as hepatitis and cholestasis which are very common. Alleviation of these clinical manifestations with better treatment options would enhance prognosis status and patients survival. Natural products which induce cytotoxicity with minimum side effects are of interest to achieve high therapeutic efficiency. In this study we investigated anti-melanoma and hepatoprotective activities of frankincense essential oil (FEO) in both in vitro and in vivo models. Pretreatment with FEO induce a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent reduction in the cell viability of mouse (B16-F10) and human melanoma (FM94) but not in the normal human epithelial melanocytes (HNEM). Immunoblot analysis showed that FEO induces down regulation of Bcl-2 and up regulation of BAX in B16-F10 cells whereas in FM94 cells FEO induced dose-dependent cleavage of caspase 3, caspase 9 and PARP. Furthermore, FEO (10 μg/ml) treatment down regulated MCL1 in a time-dependent manner in FM94 cells. In vivo toxicity analysis reveals that weekly single dose of FEO (1200 mg/kg body weight) did not elicit detrimental effect on body weight during four weeks of experimental period. Histology of tissue sections also indicated that there were no observable histopathologic differences in the brain, heart, liver, and kidney compare to control groups. FEO (300 and 600 mg/kg body weight) treatments significantly reduced the tumor burden in C57BL/6 mice melanoma model. Acetaminophen (750 mg/kg body weight) was used to induce hepatic injury in Swiss albino mice. Pre treatment with FEO (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) for seven days retained hematology (complete blood count), biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALK, total bilirubin, total protein, glucose, albumin/globulin ratio, cholesterol and triglyceride), and the level of phase I and II drug metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450, cytochromeb5, glutathione-S-transferase) which were obstructed by the administration of acetaminophen. Further liver histology showed that FEO treatments reversed the damages (central vein dilation, hemorrhage, and nuclei condensation) caused by acetaminophen. In conclusion, FEO elicited marked anti-melanoma in both in vitro and in vivo with a significant heptoprotection.
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Batool R, Khan MR, Sajid M, Ali S, Zahra Z. Estimation of phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant potencies of Brachychiton populneus (Schott & Endl.) R.Br. BMC Chem 2019; 13:32. [PMID: 31384780 PMCID: PMC6661765 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0549-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plants either in raw form or their isolated bioactive constituents are utilized as complementary and alternative medicine in various disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate chief phytochemical constituents of various fractions of Brachychiton populneus leaves and its antioxidative aptitude against free radicals. Methods Various fractions of B. populneus were prepared through solvent–solvent extraction technique based on their polarity and screened for phytochemical classes, total phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC) and total tannin (TTC) content. Antioxidant effects of the extracts were manifested by in vitro multidimensional assays i.e. DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging, iron chelating, nitric oxide scavenging, β-carotene bleaching, phosphomolybdenum and reducing power assay. Results Qualitative screening of various fractions of B. populneus ensured the presence of alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids and flavonoids. Quantitative analysis revealed that aqueous fraction (BPA) showed maximum quantity of TPC and TFC followed by BPE and BPB. In terms of IC50 values BPA exhibited minimum values in all the in vitro antioxidant assays. However, the phytochemicals and yield did not accumulate in various fractions on polarity. Conclusion Our results indicated the presence of various polyphenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids etc. The yield of various fractions and qualitative phytochemical analysis did not correlate with polarity of solvents. Various antioxidant assays exhibited significant (p < 0.05) correlation with TPC and TFC and renders B. populneus with therapeutic potential against free-radical-associated oxidative damages and this effect was significant with BPA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13065-019-0549-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riffat Batool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Moniba Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zartash Zahra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Veiga M, Costa EM, Silva S, Pintado M. Impact of plant extracts upon human health: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:873-886. [PMID: 30501504 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1540969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in evidences directly linking diet and health, several foodstuffs, such as phenolic rich fruits and vegetables, have emerged as possessing potential health benefits. Plants, given their fiber and phenolic content (and their intrinsic biological potential), have long been considered as contributing to health promotion. Therefore, the present work aimed to review the existing evidences regarding the various potential benefits of plant extracts' and plant extract-based products' consumption, with emphasis on in vivo works and epidemiological studies whenever available. Overall, the information available supports that, while there are indications of the potential benefits of plant extracts' consumption, further human-based studies are still needed to establish a true cause-effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Veiga
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo M Costa
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Silva
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Khan MN, Ahmed M, Khan MW, Khan RA. In vitro pharmacological effects of Astragalus eremophilus and Melilotus parviflora. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2018; 69:411-422. [PMID: 30587023 DOI: 10.1556/018.69.2018.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditional medicines are composed of herbal formulations and their active ingredients and constituents which play a crucial role in the treatment of various human ailments. Astragalus eremophilus and Melilotus indicus (L.) All. (syn. Melilotus parviflora Desf.) are used traditionally as antiperspirant, tonic, diuretic, laxative and narcotic agents. The current study was designed to investigate the Astragalus eremophilus and Melilotus indicus (L.) All. (syn. Melilotus parviflora Desf.) methanol extracts for their antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Fine powder of A. eremophilus and M. parviflora was extracted with 70% methanol to get crude methanol extract. Extract was characterized for antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Antioxidant activity of various concentrations (3 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ ml, 0.75 mg/ml, and 0.38 mg/ml) of both plant extracts was analyzed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Salmonella typhemorium, Klebsiella pneumoniae (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis (gram-positive) bacterial strains were used for assessment of antibacterial activities. Antifungal activities of 7.5 mg/ml, 5.0 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml (A. eremophilus and M. parviflora) were conducted using Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicons. At high concentration (3 mg/ml), all the tested fractions of A. eremophilus and M. parviflora methanol extracts showed potent antioxidant activities, ranging between 83.8 and 63.33%. Antibacterial activities revealed that A. eremophilus showed a maximum zone of inhibition (8.1 ± 0.1) on Salmonella typhenorium followed by Enterococcus faecalis (7.2 ± 0.1), Klebsellesa pneumonia (6.1 ± 0.6), and Staphylococcus aureus (5.1 ± 0.4), and at highest concentration (7.5 mg/ml), however, maximum zone of inhibition of Melilotus parviflora was at 7.5 mg/ml followed by 5.0 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhemorium and Enterococcus faecalis. Antifungal assessment of both plant extracts showed that the higher concentration (7.5 mg/ml) has significant inhibitory effect as compared to control. The results can lead to the conclusion that A. eremophilus and M. parviflora methanol extracts are indeed sources of potential therapeutic compounds against antibacterial, antifungal and free radical associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Bannu-28100, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhstaq Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Bannu-28100, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wasim Khan
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Rahmat Ali Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Bannu-28100, KPK, Pakistan
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Singh MK, Dhongade H, Tripathi DK. Orthosiphon pallidus, a Potential Treatment for Patients with Breast Cancer. J Pharmacopuncture 2018; 20:265-273. [PMID: 30151296 PMCID: PMC6104715 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2017.20.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Orthosiphon pallidus (O. pallidus), which belongs to the Lamiaceae family, is a popular garden plant that is widely used for the treatment of various diseases, such as urinary lithiasis, fever, hepatitis, cancer and jaundice. The objective of the present work was to investigate the antioxidant free-radical scavenging and the anticancer activities of O. pallidus against human breast-cancer cell lines. Methods The antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon pallidus aqueous extract (OPAE) was investigated using different models, such as the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the 2, 2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) models, as were the Fe+ chelation, the hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging, and total reducing power activities. The anticancer activities of the extract were determined by using the 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the sulforhodamine (SRB) assays on the MCF-7 and the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Results The aqueous Orthosiphon pallidus extract showed potent activity in in-vitro models. It significantly inhibited the scavenging of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, but induced a remarkable Fe+ chelation activity. For both cell lines, the percent cytotoxicity was found to increase steadily with increasing OPAE concentration up to 240 μg/mL. Conclusion These results suggest that Orthosiphon pallidus has excellent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities against human breast-cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh K Singh
- Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Hemant Dhongade
- Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Dulal Krishna Tripathi
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka Road, Bhilai, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
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Oussaid S, Chibane M, Madani K, Amrouche T, Achat S, Dahmoune F, Houali K, Rendueles M, Diaz M. Optimization of the extraction of phenolic compounds from Scirpus holoschoenus using a simplex centroid design for antioxidant and antibacterial applications. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mannarreddy P, Denis M, Munireddy D, Pandurangan R, Thangavelu KP, Venkatesan K. Cytotoxic effect of Cyperus rotundus rhizome extract on human cancer cell lines. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1375-1387. [PMID: 28946185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The wild weed Cyperus rotundus is commonly used as traditional medicine in different parts of the world. Sequential extraction of C. rotundus rhizome with solvents of different polarity namely hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water were prepared and the free radical scavenging activity was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Based on high antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of C. rotundus rhizome (MRCr) was further investigated for its cytotoxic effect on different human cancer cell lines-breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), liver (Hep G2), prostate (PC-3), colorectal (HT-29) and normal cell line (MCF-12A) by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay evaluated as 50% inhibition of growth (IC50). Apoptosis cells were analysed by flow cytometry stained with annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate (AF) and propidium iodide (PI). The cellular and nuclear changes were examined under light and fluorescent microscope using 4', 6' diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stain, dual stains of AF/PI and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB). The cytotoxic effects on the tested cancer cell lines ranged from 4.52±0.57 to 9.85±0.68μgml-1. The migration assay was showed the inhibitory effect with MRCr. The MRCr showed significant anticancer activity against all the tested cancer cell lines and also protected the non-cancer cells. The anticancer activity suggests further elucidation for the formulation of natural pharmaceutical products in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabu Mannarreddy
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India.
| | - Maghil Denis
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
| | - Durgadevi Munireddy
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
| | - Ranjani Pandurangan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
| | | | - Kaviyarasan Venkatesan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
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Aidi Wannes W, Saidani Tounsi M, Marzouk B. A review of Tunisian medicinal plants with anticancer activity. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 15:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2017-0052/jcim-2017-0052.xml. [PMID: 28915116 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2017-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health problem in the world. The use of the medicinal plants in cancer prevention and management is frequent in Africa, especially in Tunisia, and it is transmitted from generation to generation within cultures. Many previous studies showed that a wide range of Tunisian medicinal plants exerted cytotoxic and anticancer activity. A comprehensive review was conducted to collect information from scientific journal articles, including indigenous knowledge researches, about Tunisian medicinal plants used for the prevention and management of cancer. The aim of this review article is to provide the reader with information concerning the importance of Tunisian medicinal plants in the prevention and management of cancer and to open the door for the health professionals and scientists working in the field of pharmacology and therapeutics to produce new drug formulations to treat different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissem Aidi Wannes
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Saidani Tounsi
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Brahim Marzouk
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Ma Y, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Liang X, Yin Z, Geng Y, Shu G, Song X, Zou Y, Li L, Yin L, Yue G, Li Y, Ye G, He C. α-Cyperone Inhibits PMA-Induced EPCR Shedding through PKC Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:1678-1685. [PMID: 28804104 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
α-Cyperone, a sesquiterpene compound represents 25.23% of the total oil and is the most abundant compound in Cyperus rotundus oil. Endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) is a main member in protein C (PC) anti-coagulation system. EPCR could be shed from cell surface, and is mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE). Nothing that EPCR is a marker of vascular barrier integrity in vascular inflammatory disease and takes part in systemic inflammatory disease. In this study, we investigated whether α-cyperone could inhibit EPCR shedding. To observe the effect, we investigated this issue by detection the effect of α-cyperone on phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced EPCR shedding in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cells were pretreated with α-cyperone for 12 h, and then stimulated by PMA for 1 h. The solute EPCR (sEPCR) and expression of membrane EPCR (mEPCR) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. The mRNA, protein level and activity of TACE were tested by quantitative (q)RT-PCR, Western blot and InnoZyme TACE activity assay kit. Furthermore, we measured the protein level of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and protein kinase C (PKC) pathway under this condition by Western blot. The results showed that α-cyperone could suppress PMA-induced EPCR shedding through inhibiting the expression and activity of TACE. In addition, α-cyperone could inhibit PKC translocation, but not have an effect on phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 and extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) 1/2. Given these results, α-cyperone inhibits PMA-induced EPCR shedding through PKC pathway, which will provide an experimental basis for further research on α-cyperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Yi Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Ran Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Yi Geng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Lizi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Guizhou Yue
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Yinglun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Gang Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University
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Alves-Silva JM, Romane A, Efferth T, Salgueiro L. North African Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:383. [PMID: 28694778 PMCID: PMC5483438 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide with increasing numbers by the years. In North Africa, the number of cancer patients is alarming. Also shocking is that a huge number of cancer patients only have access to traditional medicines due to several factors, e.g., economic difficulties. In fact, medicinal plants are widely used for the treatment of several pathologies, including cancer. Truthfully, herbalists and botanists in North African countries prescribe several plants for cancer treatment. Despite the popularity and the potential of medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer, scientific evidence on their anticancer effects are still scarce for most of the described plants. Objective: Bearing in mind the lack of comprehensive and systematic studies, the aim of this review is to give an overview of studies, namely ethnobotanical surveys and experimental evidence of anticancer effects regarding medicinal plants used in North Africa for cancer therapy. Method: The research was conducted on several popular search engines including PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. The research focused primarily on English written papers published between the years 2000 and 2016. Results: This review on plants traditionally used by herbalists in North Africa highlights that Morocco and Algeria are the countries with most surveys on the use of medicinal plants in folk medicine. Among the plethora of plants used, Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graecum are the most referred ones by herbalists for the treatment of cancer. Moreover, a plethora of scientific evidence qualifies them as candidates for further drug development. Furthermore, we report on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Conclusion: Overall, this review highlights the therapeutic potential of some medicinal plants as anticancer agents. The North African flora offers a rich source of medicinal plants for a wide array of diseases, including cancer. The elucidation of their modes of action represents an indispensable condition for the rational development of new drugs for cancer treatment. Furthermore, testing the anticancer activity in vivo and in clinical trials are warranted to explore the full therapeutic potential of North African plants for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Alves-Silva
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of CoimbraCoimbra, Portugal
| | - Abderrahmane Romane
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Appliquée, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences (Semlalia), Université Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of CoimbraCoimbra, Portugal
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Hypoxia induced cognitive impairment modulating activity of Cyperus rotundus. Physiol Behav 2017; 175:56-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mehdizadeh M, Hashem Dabaghian F, Shojaee A, Molavi N, Taslimi Z, Shabani R, Soleimani Asl S. Protective Effects of Cyperus Rotundus Extract on Amyloid β-Peptide (1-40)-Induced Memory Impairment in Male Rats: A Behavioral Study. Basic Clin Neurosci 2017; 8:249-254. [PMID: 28781732 PMCID: PMC5535330 DOI: 10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.3.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Alzheimer Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that leads to memory impairment. As the oxidative stress plays an important role in AD pathogenesis, the current study aimed at examining the protective effects of Cyperus Rotundus as an antioxidant on amyloid β (Aβ)-induced memory impairment. METHODS Twenty-eight Wistar male rats received intrahippocampal (IHP) injection of the Aβ (1-40) and C. rotundus (400 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Spatial memory was assessed by the Morris water-maze (MWM) task. RESULTS In the MWM, Aβ (1-40) significantly increased escape latency and traveled distance (P<0.001). The administration of C. rotundus attenuated the Aβ-induced memory impairment in the MWM task. CONCLUSION The current study findings showed that C. Rotundus could improve the learning impairment, following the Aβ treatment, and it may lead to an improvement of AD-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Hashem Dabaghian
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asie Shojaee
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Molavi
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Taslimi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ronak Shabani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
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Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, DNA Damage Protective, Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Activities of Cyperus rotundus Rhizomes Essential Oil against Foodborne Pathogens. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45231. [PMID: 28338066 PMCID: PMC5364420 DOI: 10.1038/srep45231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat various clinical conditions at home. In this study, chemical composition of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes essential oil, and in vitro antioxidant, DNA damage protective and cytotoxic activities as well as antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens were investigated. Results showed that α-cyperone (38.46%), cyperene (12.84%) and α-selinene (11.66%) were the major components of the essential oil. The essential oil had an excellent antioxidant activity, the protective effect against DNA damage, and cytotoxic effects on the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell, as well as antibacterial activity against several foodborne pathogens. These biological activities were dose-dependent, increasing with higher dosage in a certain concentration range. The antibacterial effects of essential oil were greater against Gram-positive bacteria as compared to Gram-negative bacteria, and the antibacterial effects were significantly influenced by incubation time and concentration. These results may provide biological evidence for the practical application of the C. rotundus rhizomes essential oil in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Sutalangka C, Wattanathorn J. Neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects of the combined extract of Cyperus rotundus and Zingiber officinale. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:135. [PMID: 28253877 PMCID: PMC5335841 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1632-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, food supplements to improve age-related dementia are required. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of the combined extract of Cyperus rotundus and Zingiber officinale (CP1) on the improvement of age-related dementia in rats with AF64A-induced memory deficits. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were orally given CP1 at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg.kg-1 BW for a period of 14 days after bilateral intracerebroventricular administration of AF64A. Spatial memory was assessed in all rats every 7 days throughout the 14 day-experimental period. At the end of the study, neuronal density, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress status and the activation of MAPK cascades in the hippocampus were determined. RESULTS Enhanced memory, increased neuronal density, decreased AChE activity and decreased oxidative stress status together with activated pERK1/2 were observed in the hippocampus of CP1-treated rats. These results suggested that CP1 might improve memory via enhanced cholinergic function and decreased neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS CP1 is a potential novel food supplement for dementia. However, further investigations on the subchronic toxicity of CP1 and drug interactions are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchada Sutalangka
- Department of Physiology and Graduate School (Neuroscience Program), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Jintanaporn Wattanathorn
- Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
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Sim Y, Choi JG, Gu PS, Ryu B, Kim JH, Kang I, Jang DS, Oh MS. Identification of Neuroactive Constituents of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Cyperi Rhizoma Using Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:438-45. [PMID: 27350341 PMCID: PMC4930289 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperi Rhizoma (CR), the rhizome of Cyperus rotundus L., exhibits neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo models of neuronal diseases. Nevertheless, no study has aimed at finding the neuroactive constituent(s) of CR. In this study, we identified active compounds in a CR extract (CRE) using bioactivity-guided fractionation. We first compared the anti-oxidative and neuroprotective activities of four fractions and the CRE total extract. Only the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction revealed strong activity, and further isolation from the bioactive EA fraction yielded nine constituents: scirpusin A (1), scirpusin B (2), luteolin (3), 6′-acetyl-3,6-diferuloylsucrose (4), 4′,6′ diacetyl-3,6-diferuloylsucrose (5), p-coumaric acid (6), ferulic acid (7), pinellic acid (8), and fulgidic acid (9). The activities of constituents 1–9 were assessed in terms of anti-oxidative, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amyloid-β activities. Constituents 1, 2, and 3 exhibited strong activities; constituents 1 and 2 were characterized for the first time in this study. These results provide evidence for the value of CRE as a source of multi-functional neuroprotectants, and constituents 1 and 2 may represent new candidates for further development in therapeutic use against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeomoon Sim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Sung Gu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeol Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Seo YJ, Jeong M, Lee KT, Jang DS, Choi JH. Isocyperol, isolated from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus, inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses via suppression of the NF-κB and STAT3 pathways and ROS stress in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:61-9. [PMID: 27240136 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus (cyperaceae) have been used in Korean traditional medicines for treating diverse inflammatory diseases. However, little is known about the biological activities of isocyperol, a sesquiterpene isolated from C. rotundus, and their associated molecular mechanisms. In this study, we found that isocyperol significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitrite oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and suppressed LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at the mRNA and protein levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, isocyperol downregulated the LPS-induced expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Isocyperol treatment suppressed the LPS-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in macrophages. Moreover, the activation of STAT3, another proinflammatory signal, was suppressed by isocyperol in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Isocyperol pretreatment also induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and reduced LPS-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in macrophages. Furthermore, isocyperol significantly increased the survival rate and attenuated serum levels of NO, PGE2, and IL-6 in LPS-induced septic shock mouse model. Taken together, these data indicate that isocyperol suppress septic shock through negative regulation of pro-inflammatory factors through inhibition of the NF-κB and STAT3 pathways and ROS. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the biological activity of isocyperol and its molecular mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ji Seo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Miran Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
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Memariani T, Hosseini T, Kamali H, Mohammadi A, Ghorbani M, Shakeri A, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Shahsavand S. Evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of Cyperus longus extract, fractions and its essential oil on the PC3 and MCF7 cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1353-1360. [PMID: 26893742 PMCID: PMC4734339 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyperus longus is one of the Iranian endemic species. However, to date, and to the best of our knowledge, there are no availale academic reports on the cytotoxicity of this plant. Thus, this study was carried out to examine the in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects of Cyperus longus extract, fractions and essential oil (EO) on MCF7 and PC3 cell lines. The chemical constituents of EO were identified using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium and incubated with various concentrations of the plant extract and fractions. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay following 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure to (12.5–200 µg/ml) of the methanol extract, the dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and water fractions, as well as the EO of the plant. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined using propidium iodide staining of DNA fragments by flow cytometry (sub-G1 peak). The most effective fraction in the MCF7 cell line was the CH2Cl2 fraction (IC50 after 48 h, 25.34±2.01). The EtOAc fraction (IC50 after 48 h, 35.2±2.69) and the methanol extract (IC50 after 48 h, 64.64±1.64) were also found to be effective. The IC50 values obtained for the PC3 cell line were 37.97±3.87, 51.57±3.87 and 70.33±2.36 for the CH2Cl2 fraction, the EtOAc fraction and the methanol extract, respectively. Based on these data and due to the partial polarity of the most effective fraction (the CH2Cl2 fraction), we also examined the cytotoxicity of the plant EO. The IC50 values after 48 h were 22.25±4.25 and 12.55±3.65 in the PC3 and MCF7 cell lines, respectively. DNA fragmentation assay also confirmed these data. Performing GC-MS analysis for the plant EO revealed that β-himachalene (10.81%), α-caryophyllene oxide (7.6%), irisone (4.78%), β-caryophyllene oxide (4.36%), humulene oxide (12%), viridiflorol (4.73%), aristolone (6.39%) and longiverbenone (6.04%) were the main constituents. Our results demonstrated that two of the constituents of Cyperus longus, viridiflorol and longiverbenone, should be investigated further as possible promising chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Memariani
- Central Research Laboratory, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Toktam Hosseini
- Department of General Health, School of Health Sciences, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Hossein Kamali
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ameneh Mohammadi
- Research Center of Natural Products and Medicinal Plants, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghorbani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdoreza Shakeri
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Shabnam Shahsavand
- Research Center of Natural Products and Medicinal Plants, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Pirzada AM, Ali HH, Naeem M, Latif M, Bukhari AH, Tanveer A. Cyperus rotundus L.: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 174:540-60. [PMID: 26297840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat various clinical conditions at home such as diarrhea, diabetes, pyresis, inflammation, malaria, and stomach and bowel disorders. Currently, it is one of the most widespread, problematic, and economically damaging agronomic weeds, growing wildly in various tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The present paper summarizes the available information that will aid in future medicine preparation by identifying active ingredients and their mode of action for a specific therapeutic activity using the latest technologies. MATERIAL AND METHOD This review article is based on the information available on the phytochemical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies on and traditional uses of C. rotundus. The present paper covers the literature available particularly from 2000 to 2015 online (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Web of Science) and in books on phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, and botany of this plant. RESULTS Phytochemical and pharmacological studies revealed the significance of C. rotundus as an antiandrogenic, antibacterial, anticancerous, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, antimalarial, antimutagenic, antiobesity, antioxidant, anti-uropathogenic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and nootropic agent. This is the most investigated plant worldwide due to the higher concentration of active ingredients in the form of essential oils, phenolic acids, ascorbic acids, and flavonoids in the tuber and rhizomes. Unfortunately, this significant plant species has not been assessed under improved cultivation conditions with the aim of conservation in natural habitats and high quality. CONCLUSION Reports can be found on the ehtnobotanical use of C. rotundus in atherosclerosis, aging, apoptosis, cancer, cystitis, epilepsy, hirsutism, nociception, prostatitis, and genotoxicity disorders. The phytochemical and pharmacological activities of C. rotundus have supported its traditional as well as prospective uses as a valuable Ayurvedic plant. Previous researches focuses on the phytochemistry, biological properties and clinical application of rhizomes and tubers of C. rotundus. However, such studies on the other parts of this medicinally important plant are still quest to be investigate. Furthermore, future study should aim at confirming the clinical activities and safety of this plant before being used for the development of new therapeutic agent in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Masood Pirzada
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Haider Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeeed Campus, Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asad Hussain Bukhari
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asif Tanveer
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 36000, Punjab, Pakistan
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Ryu B, Kim HM, Lee JS, Cho YJ, Oh MS, Choi JH, Jang DS. Sesquiterpenes from Rhizomes ofCyperus rotunduswith Cytotoxic Activities on Human Cancer Cellsin vitro. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Majid M, Khan MR, Shah NA, Haq IU, Farooq MA, Ullah S, Sharif A, Zahra Z, Younis T, Sajid M. Studies on phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Euphorbia dracunculoides. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:349. [PMID: 26445953 PMCID: PMC4597446 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Plants provide an alternative source to manage various human disorders due to diverse metabolites. Euphorbia dracunculoides of family Euphorbiaceae is used by local practitioners in rheumatism, epilepsy, edema, snake bite, warts and also possesses diuretic and purgative effects. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of various extracts of E. dracunculoides. Further, phytochemical constituents of the leading extracts were also investigated. Methods Dry powder of E. dracunculoides was extracted with n-hexane (EDH), acetone (EDA), ethanol (EDE), ethanol + water (1:1) (EDEW) and methanol (EDM) and screened for phytochemical classes, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC). Antioxidant effects of the extracts were manifested by in vitro multidimensional assays. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the extracts were evaluated through carrageenan induced paw edema and hot plate test in rat. In addition, GC-MS analysis of EDH and HPLC-DAD analysis of EDEW was carried out to determine the presence of active constituents. Results Qualitative analysis of various extracts of E. dracunculoides assured the existence of tannins and coumarins while presence of anthraquinones and anthocyanins was not traced in these extracts. Maximum quantity of TPC and TFC was recorded in EDEW followed by EDE. EDEW and EDE showed significant antioxidant activities with therapeutic potential against hydroxyl and phosphomolybdate radicals, β-carotene bleaching assay and in reducing of iron while moderate to low scavenging abilities were recorded for DPPH, nitric oxide and for iron chelation. During anti-inflammatory activity after 4 h of drug administration the 300 mg/kg body weight dose of EDH (68.660 ± 10.502 %) and EDE (51.384 ± 8.623 %) exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity and reduced the carrageenan-induced paw edema in rat as compared to standard drug diclofenac sodium (78.823 ± 6.395 %). Treatment of rats with EDH (70.206 ± 5.445 %) and EDE (56.508 ± 6.363 %) after 90 min showed significant increase in percent latency time in hot plate test as compared to morphine (63.632 ± 5.449 %) treatment in rat. GC-MS analysis of EDH indicated the presence of 30 compounds predominantly of steroids and terpenoids. HPLC-DAD analysis against known standards established the presence of rutin, catechin, caffeic acid and myricetin in EDEW. Conclusion Our results suggest that presence of various polyphenolics, terpenoids and steroids render E. dracunculoides with therapeutic potential for oxidative stress and inflammation related disorders.
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Kandikattu HK, Rachitha P, Krupashree K, Jayashree GV, Abhishek V, Khanum F. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of total oligomeric flavonoid fraction of Cyperus rotundus and its antioxidant, macromolecule damage protective and antihemolytic effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:165-73. [PMID: 26319439 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, we identified the phytochemical constituents of total oligomeric flavonoid fraction (TOF) of Cyperus rotundus by LC-ESI-MS/MS and also demonstrated its antihemolytic effects against 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced hemolysis of rat erythrocytes. Our results of TOF extract exhibited DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS, NO and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities with an IC50 values of 23.72±1.6, 52.45±2.88, 9.8±0.42, 6.5±0.33 and 120±6.83μg/ml respectively, whereas total antioxidant and reducing power activities were 194±12.5μg GAE/mg extract and 145±8.3μg AAE/mg extract. The extract showed potent inhibitory activity against AAPH induced plasmid DNA damage, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. The TOF extract mitigates AAPH induced hemolysis and exhibits ∼50% antihemolytic activity. TOF pretreatment also preserved morphology of erythrocytes as observed and measured by light microscope and atomic force microscope analysis. Furthermore, the TOF fraction effectively inhibited AAPH induced LDH release, ROS generation and lipid peroxidation. Taken together, our data demonstrate the antihemolytic activity of C. rotundus against AAPH induced oxidative stress of erythrocytes, and was associated with the decrease in oxidative stress, cellular damage and protection of macromolecules. In conclusion, the effects might be correlated with high content of flavonoids and polyphenols identified in C. rotundus. This suggests the clinical application of TOF fraction of C. rotundus against ROS induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu
- Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India
| | - P Rachitha
- Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India
| | - K Krupashree
- Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India
| | - G V Jayashree
- Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India
| | - Virat Abhishek
- Food Engineering and Packaging Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India
| | - Farhath Khanum
- Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India.
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Nagarajan M, Kuruvilla GR, Kumar KS, Venkatasubramanian P. Pharmacology of Ativisha, Musta and their substitutes. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2015; 6:121-33. [PMID: 26167002 PMCID: PMC4484047 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.146551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ayurvedic literature during the medieval period suggests the use of Musta (Cyperus rotundus), a common weed, as a pratinidhi dravya (substitute) for Ativisha (Aconitum heterophyllum), an endangered species. Contemporary Ayurvedic practice also uses Cryptocoryne spiralis, (known as Naattu Atividayam in South India) and Nagaramusta (Cyperus scariosus) as substitutes for Ativisha and Musta, respectively. This article reviews published literature on the pharmacology of the above four species. Both A. heterophyllum and C. rotundus are reported to possess antiinflammatory, antipyretic, antibacterial and antidiarrhoeal properties, while antiinflammatory and antibacterial activities are attributed to C. scariosus. No reports exist on the bioactivity of Cryptocoryne spiralis. It is interesting to note that other than the veerya which is different, the biological properties of Ativisha and Musta are similar according to Ayurvedic classification of dravyaguna. This is also supported by modern pharmacological studies, which show that, both A. heterophyllum and C. rotundus have antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antiinflammatory, antihyperlipidemic and hypoglycemic activities. However, the similarities between the discussed species cannot be attributed to their phytochemical composition or taxonomical classification as these are quite distinct. The dravyaguna method of classifying materials, which we are calling as “pharmaco-taxonomy”, offers a unique way of classifying those plant materials which lack similarity at the botanical or chemical level, but are similar at the level of biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nagarajan
- Centre for Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gina R Kuruvilla
- Centre for Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - K Subrahmanya Kumar
- Centre for Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India ; Centre for Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Research Scholar, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
| | - Padma Venkatasubramanian
- Centre for Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Ahn JH, Lee TW, Kim KH, Byun H, Ryu B, Lee KT, Jang DS, Choi JH. 6-Acetoxy Cyperene, a Patchoulane-type Sesquiterpene Isolated fromCyperus rotundusRhizomes Induces Caspase-dependent Apoptosis in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1330-1338. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Ahn
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Tae-won Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Ki-Hee Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Hoyong Byun
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Byeol Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul South Korea
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Bali EB, Açık L, Akca G, Sarper M, Elçi MP, Avcu F, Vural M. Antimicrobial activity against periodontopathogenic bacteria, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of various extracts from endemic Thermopsis turcica. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:505-14. [PMID: 25183268 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014apjtb-2013-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of Thermopsis turcica Kit Tan, Vural & Küçüködük against periodontopathogenic bacteria, its antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect on various cancer cell lines. METHODS In vitro antimicrobial activities of ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate (EtAc), n-hexane and water extracts of Thermopsis turcica herb against periodontopathogenic bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 29523 and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 were tested by agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching methods. Amounts of phenolic contents of the extracts were also analysed by using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Additionally, cytotoxic activity of the extracts on androgen-insensitive prostate cancer, androgen-sensitive prostate cancer, chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute promyelocytic leukemia human cancer cell lines were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Human gingival fibroblast cells were used as a control. RESULTS Our data showed that EtAc extract had the highest antimicrobial effect on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (MIC: 1.562 mg/mL, MBC: 3.124 mg/mL) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (MIC: 0.781 mg/mL, MBC: 1.562 mg/mL). In antioxidant assays, EtAc extract exhibited also the highest radical scavenging activity [IC50=(30.0±0.3) µg/mL] and the highest inhibition [(74.35±0.30)%] against lineloic acide oxidation. The amount of phenolic content of it was also the highest [(162.5±1.2) µg/mg gallic acid]. In cytotoxic assay, only ethanol [IC50=(80.00±1.21) µg/mL] and EtAc extract [IC50=(70.0±0.9) µg/mL] were toxic on acute promyelocytic leukemia cells at 20-100 µg/mL (P<0.05). However, no toxic effect was observed on human gingival fibroblast cells. CONCLUSIONS According to our findings, owing to its antioxidant and cytotoxic potential, EtAc extract might include anticancer agents for acute promyelocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Burcu Bali
- Health Services Vocational School, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Leyla Açık
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Akca
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Sarper
- Cancer and Stem Cell Research Center, Gulhane Military Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mualla Pınar Elçi
- Cancer and Stem Cell Research Center, Gulhane Military Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferit Avcu
- Department of Hematology, Cancer and Stem Cell Research Center, Gulhane Military Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mecit Vural
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey
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Imam MZ, Sumi CD. Evaluation of antinociceptive activity of hydromethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus in mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:83. [PMID: 24589067 PMCID: PMC3946594 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Cyperaceae) is used to treat inflammation, pain, fever, wounds, boils and blisters in folk medicine. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the hydromethanol extract of whole plant of C. rotundus (HMCR). Methods The antinociceptive activity of HMCR was investigated in thermal-induced (hot plate and tail immersion) and chemical-induced (formalin) nociception models in mice at three different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg; p.o.). Morphine sulphate (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were used as reference analgesic agents. Results In the hot-plate and tail-immersion tests HMCR significantly increased the latency period to the thermal stimuli at all the tested doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) (p < 0.05). The significant increase in latency is clear from the observations at 60 and 90 min. In formalin-induced paw licking test oral administration of HMCR at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses decreased the licking of paw in early phase. All the tested doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly decreased the licking of paw in late phase of the test (p < 0.001). The dose 200 mg/kg was most effective showing maximum percentage of inhibition of licking in both early (61.60%) and late phase (87.41%). Conclusion These results indicate the antinociceptive effect of C. rotundus and suggest that this effect is mediated by both peripheral and central mechanisms. These results support the traditional use of this plant in different painful conditions.
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Lerdluksamee C, Srikaeo K, Tutusaus JAM, Diéguez JG. Physicochemical properties and starch digestibility of Scirpus grossus flour and starch. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 97:482-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sahib AS. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome using a selected herbal combination of Iraqi folk medicines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:1008-12. [PMID: 23707209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mentha longifolia, Cyperus rotundus and Zingiber officinale are widely used in Iraqi traditional medicine for the treatment of multiple gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a combination of three herbal agents that are widely used in folk medicine in Iraq for the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective randomised clinical study was carried out on 40 patients of both sexes between 25 and 60 years of age who had been diagnosed with IBS for 5-10 years. The patients were allocated to one of two groups, each consisting of 20 patients. Group A was treated with mebeverine, and Group B was treated with a capsule containing a combination of the following three herbs prepared as fine powders: Mentha longifolia, Cyperus rotundus and Zingiber officinale. IBS symptoms were assessed before and after 8 weeks of treatment. RESULTS Treatment of IBS patients with the herbal combination resulted in improvements in all of their IBS symptoms after 8 weeks, as revealed by increase in their individual symptom scores and in their mean total improvement percentages. These results were comparable to those produced by the standard agent mebeverine. CONCLUSION Patients with IBS showed significant improvements in their IBS symptoms after 8-weeks of treatment with the herbal combination and did not report any adverse effects during their treatment. These results support the efficacy and safety of the herbal combination for the treatment of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Salih Sahib
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
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