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Duan Y, Li M, Zhang S, Wang Y, Deng J, Wang Q, Yi T, Dong X, Cheng S, He Y, Gao C, Wang Z. Highly Efficient Biotransformation and Production of Selenium Nanoparticles and Polysaccharides Using Potential Probiotic Bacillus subtilis T5. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121204. [PMID: 36557242 PMCID: PMC9784637 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential microelement required for human health. The biotransformation of selenium nanoparticles has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, little of the literature has investigated the comprehensive evaluation of the strains for practical application and the effect on the functional properties in the existence of Se. The present study showed the selenite reduction strain Bacillus subtilis T5 (up to 200 mM), which could produce high yields of selenium polysaccharides and selenium nanoparticles in an economical and feasible manner. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles by B. subtilis T5 were characterized systematically using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, Zeta Potential, DLS, and SEM techniques. The biosynthesized SeNPs exhibited high stability with small particle sizes. B. subtilis T5 also possessed a tolerance to acidic pH and bile salts, high aggregation, negative hemolytic, and superior antioxidant activity, which showed excellent probiotic potential and can be recommended as a potential candidate for the selenium biopharmaceuticals industry. Remarkably, B. subtilis T5 showed that the activity of α-amylase was enhanced with selenite treatment to 8.12 U/mL, 2.72-fold more than the control. The genus Bacillus was first reported to produce both selenium polysaccharides with extremely high Se-content (2.302 g/kg) and significantly enhance the activity to promote α-amylase with selenium treatment. Overall, B. subtilis T5 showed potential as a bio-factory for the biosynthesized SeNPs and organ selenium (selenium polysaccharide), providing an appealing perspective for the biopharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Duan
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Mengjun Li
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Sishang Zhang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yidan Wang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jieya Deng
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Tian Yi
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Xingxing Dong
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yi He
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chao Gao
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhangqian Wang
- National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (Z.W.)
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Cao J, Liu X, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Wang F. Selenium-enriched Polysaccharide: an Effective and Safe Selenium Source of C57 Mice to Improve Growth Performance, Regulate Selenium Deposition, and Promote Antioxidant Capacity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2247-2258. [PMID: 34476677 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02832-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Selenium-enriched polysaccharide (SeEPS) was prepared by reducing Se(IV) to elemental selenium and organic selenium in polysaccharide medium by the obtained Enterobacter cloacae strain Z0206 under aerobic conditions. In the present study, we focused on investigating the role of short-term supplementation of SeEPS at supernutritional doses in the regulation of growth performance, liver damage, antioxidant capacity, and selenium (Se) accumulation in C57 mice. Thirty-two C57 mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group was gavaged with equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline, while the sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), selenomethionine (SeMet), and SeEPS groups were gavaged with 0.5 mg Se/kg BW of Na2SeO3, SeMet, and selenium-enriched polysaccharide (n = 8), respectively. We examined liver injury indicators, antioxidant capacity in the serum and liver, selenium deposition at different sites, selenoprotein levels, and selenocysteine-synthesizing and degradation-associated gene expression in mouse livers. SeEPS supplementation dramatically increased average daily weight gain but reduced the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) of mice (P < 0.05). Compared to Na2SeO3 and SeMet supplementation, SeEPS supplementation at supernutritional doses did not cause the liver damage. SeEPS supplementation also markedly enhanced total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities but reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the liver and serum (P < 0.05), while significantly increasing selenocysteine-synthesizing and degradation-related gene (SEPHS2, SEPSECS, Secisbp, Scly) expression at the mRNA level (P < 0.05), thus upregulating the mRNA levels of selenoproteins (SELENOP, SELENOK) (P < 0.05). We suggest that SeEPS could be a potential replacement for inorganic selenium to improve animals' growth performance, promote antioxidant capacity, and regulate selenium deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanzhi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Feed Science Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Xiao M, Ren X, Yu Y, Gao W, Zhu C, Sun H, Kong Q, Fu X, Mou H. Fucose-containing bacterial exopolysaccharides: Sources, biological activities, and food applications. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100233. [PMID: 35498987 PMCID: PMC9039932 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial exopolysaccharides are high molecular weight polysaccharides that are secreted by a wide range of bacteria, with diverse structures and easy preparation. Fucose, fucose-containing oligosaccharides (FCOs), and fucose-containing polysaccharides (FCPs) have important applications in the food and medicine fields, including applications in products for removing Helicobacter pylori and infant formula powder. Fucose-containing bacterial exopolysaccharide (FcEPS) is a prospective source of fucose, FCOs, and FCPs. This review systematically summarizes the common sources and applications of FCPs and FCOs and the bacterial strains capable of producing FcEPS reported in recent years. The repeated-unit structures, synthesis pathways, and factors affecting the production of FcEPS are reviewed, as well as the degradation methods of FcEPS for preparing FCOs. Finally, the bioactivities of FcEPS, including anti-oxidant, prebiotic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-microbial activities, are discussed and may serve as a reference strategy for further applications of FcEPS in the functional food and medicine industries.
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Key Words
- 2′-FL, 2′-fucosyllactose
- 3-FL, 3-fucosyllactose
- ABTS, 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate
- Bacterial exopolysaccharides
- Bioactivity
- DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
- EPS, exopolysaccharides
- FCOs, fucose-containing oligosaccharides
- FCPs, fucose-containing polysaccharides
- FcEPS, fucose-containing EPS
- Food application
- Fucose
- HMOs, human milk oligosaccharides
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids
- Structure
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmiao Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding authors.
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Cao J, Cheng Y, Xu B, Wang Y, Wang F. Determination of Different Selenium Species in Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharide by HPLC-ICP-MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antibacterial Activity of Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Extracts of Calendula officinalis against Potentially Clinical Bacterial Strains. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195929. [PMID: 34641478 PMCID: PMC8513099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in the biomedical area has been increasing as an alternative to the growing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In this research, SeNPs were synthesized by green synthesis using ascorbic acid (AsAc) as a reducing agent and methanolic extract of Calendula officinalis L. flowers as a stabilizer. Characterization of SeNPs was performed by UV-vis spectrophotometry, infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. SeNPs of 40–60 nm and spherical morphologies were obtained. The antibacterial activity of marigold extracts and fractions was evaluated by disk diffusion methodology. The evaluation of SeNPs at different incubation times was performed through the colony-forming unit (CFU) count, in both cases against Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae, and Alcaligenes faecalis bacteria. Partial antibacterial activity was observed with methanolic extracts of marigold leaves and flowers and total inhibition with SeNPs from 2 h for S. marcescens, 1 h for E. cloacae, and 30 min for A. faecalis. In addition, SeNPs were found to exhibit antioxidant activity. The results indicate that SeNPs present a potentiated effect of both antimicrobial and antioxidant activity compared to the individual use of marigold extracts or sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). Their application emerges as an alternative for the control of clinical pathogens.
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Selenium-Containing Polysaccharides—Structural Diversity, Biosynthesis, Chemical Modifications and Biological Activity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenosugars are a group of sugar derivatives of great structural diversity (e.g., molar masses, selenium oxidation state, and selenium binding), obtained as a result of biosynthesis, chemical modification of natural compounds, or chemical synthesis. Seleno-monosaccharides and disaccharides are known to be non-toxic products of the natural metabolism of selenium compounds in mammals. In the case of the selenium-containing polysaccharides of natural origin, their formation is also postulated as a form of detoxification of excess selenium in microorganisms, mushroom, and plants. The valency of selenium in selenium-containing polysaccharides can be: 0 (encapsulated nano-selenium), IV (selenites of polysaccharides), or II (selenoglycosides or selenium built into the sugar ring to replace oxygen). The great interest in Se-polysaccharides results from the expected synergy between selenium and polysaccharides. Several plant- and mushroom-derived polysaccharides are potent macromolecules with antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and other biological properties. Selenium, a trace element of fundamental importance to human health, has been shown to possess several analogous functions. The mechanism by which selenium exerts anticancer and immunomodulatory activity differs from that of polysaccharide fractions, but a similar pharmacological effect suggests a possible synergy of these two agents. Various functions of Se-polysaccharides have been explored, including antitumor, immune-enhancement, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Due to being non-toxic or much less toxic than inorganic selenium compounds, Se-polysaccharides are potential dietary supplements that could be used, e.g., in chemoprevention.
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Yang W, Huang G, Chen F, Huang H. Extraction/synthesis and biological activities of selenopolysaccharide. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Characterization and anti-tumor activity of exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus kefiri isolated from Chinese kefir grains. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Rodrigues Barbosa J, Dos Santos Freitas MM, da Silva Martins LH, de Carvalho RN. Polysaccharides of mushroom Pleurotus spp.: New extraction techniques, biological activities and development of new technologies. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115550. [PMID: 31826512 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The biodiversity of mushrooms Pleurotus spp. is impressive due to its complexity and diversity related to the composition of chemical structures such as polysaccharides, glycoproteins and secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids and betalains. Recent studies of polysaccharides and their structural elucidation have helped to direct research and development of technologies related to pharmacological action, production of bioactive foods and application of new, more sophisticated extraction tools. The diversity of bioactivities related to these biopolymers, their mechanisms and routes of action are constant focus of researches. The elucidation of bioactivities has helped to formulate new vaccines and targeted drugs. In this context, in terms of polysaccharides and the diversity of mushrooms Pleurotus spp., this review seeks to revisit the genus, making an updated approach on the recent discoveries of polysaccharides, new extraction techniques and bioactivities, emphasising on their mechanisms and routes in order to update the reader on the recent technologies related to these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatas Rodrigues Barbosa
- LABEX/FEA (Extraction Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900 Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Maurício Madson Dos Santos Freitas
- LAPOA/FEA (Laboratory of Products of Animal Origin/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900 Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Helena da Silva Martins
- LABIOTEC/FEA (Biotechnological Process Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900 Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Raul Nunes de Carvalho
- LABEX/FEA (Extraction Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900 Belém, PA, Brazil.
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Li L, Huang T, Liu H, Zang J, Wang P, Jiang X. Purification, structural characterization and anti-UVB irradiation activity of an extracellular polysaccharide from Pantoea agglomerans. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:1002-1012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Synthesized sulfated and acetylated derivatives of polysaccharide extracted from Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis and their potential antioxidant and immunological activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:568-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Li J, Shen B, Nie S, Duan Z, Chen K. A combination of selenium and polysaccharides: Promising therapeutic potential. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 206:163-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chen Y, Zhang M, Ren F. A Role of Exopolysaccharide Produced by Streptococcus thermophilus in the Intestinal Inflammation and Mucosal Barrier in Caco-2 Monolayer and Dextran Sulphate Sodium-Induced Experimental Murine Colitis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030513. [PMID: 30708992 PMCID: PMC6384629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by probiotics may play an important role in gastrointestinal disease prevention, including ulcerative colitis. However, there is no literature reporting on the intervention effects of purified EPS. The aim of this study was to investigate the alleviating effect of the purified EPS produced by Streptococcus thermophilus MN-BM-A01 on murine model of colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). A water-soluble heteropolysaccharide (EPS-1) isolated from MN-BM-A01 was composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, and mannose in a molar ratio of 12.9:26.0:60.9:0.25, with molecular weight of 4.23 × 105 Da. After EPS-1 administration, the disease severity of mouse colitis was significantly alleviated, mainly manifesting as the decrease of disease activity index and mitigated colonic epithelial cell injury. Meanwhile, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ) were significantly suppressed, the reduced expressions of tight junction protein (claudin-1, occludin, and E-canherin) were counteracted. In addition, the results in vitro showed that EPS-1 protected intestinal barrier integrity from the disruption by lipopolysaccharide in Caco-2 monolayer, increased expression of tight junction and alleviated pro-inflammatory response. Collectively, our study confirmed the protective effects of purified EPS produced by Streptococcus thermophilus on acute colitis via alleviating intestinal inflammation and improving mucosal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Cheng L, Wang Y, He X, Wei X. Preparation, structural characterization and bioactivities of Se-containing polysaccharide: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:82-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Frîncu RM, Capră L, Oancea F. Selenium Analysis and Speciation in Dietary Supplements Based on Next-Generation Selenium Ingredients. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1466. [PMID: 30304813 PMCID: PMC6213372 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is essential for humans and the deficit of Se requires supplementation. In addition to traditional forms such as Se salts, amino acids, or selenium-enriched yeast supplements, next-generation selenium supplements, with lower risk for excess supplementation, are emerging. These are based on selenium forms with lower toxicity, higher bioavailability, and controlled release, such as zerovalent selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and selenized polysaccharides (SPs). This article aims to focus on the existing analytical systems for the next-generation Se dietary supplement, providing, at the same time, an overview of the analytical methods available for the traditional forms. The next-generation dietary supplements are evaluated in comparison with the conventional/traditional ones, as well as the analysis and speciation methods that are suitable to reveal which Se forms and species are present in a dietary supplement. Knowledge gaps and further research potential in this field are highlighted. The review indicates that the methods of analysis of next-generation selenium supplements should include a step related to chemical species separation. Such a step would allow a proper characterization of the selenium forms/species, including molecular mass/dimension, and substantiates the marketing claims related to the main advantages of these new selenium ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Rodica Mihaela Frîncu
- INCDCP-ICECHIM Calarasi Subsidiary, 7A Nicolae Titulescu St., 915300 Lehliu Gara, Romania.
| | - Luiza Capră
- National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Florin Oancea
- National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
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Li Q, Chen G, Wang W, Zhang W, Ding Y, Zhao T, Li F, Mao G, Feng W, Wang Q, Yang L, Wu X. A novel Se-polysaccharide from Se-enriched G. frondosa protects against immunosuppression and low Se status in Se-deficient mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:878-889. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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17
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Li Q, Chen G, Chen H, Zhang W, Ding Y, Yu P, Zhao T, Mao G, Feng W, Yang L, Wu X. Se-enriched G. frondosa polysaccharide protects against immunosuppression in cyclophosphamide-induced mice via MAPKs signal transduction pathway. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 196:445-456. [PMID: 29891317 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To assess the immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities of a Se-polysaccharide from Se-enriched G. frondosa (Se-GFP-22), immunosuppressed mice models were generated by cyclophosphamide (CTX) administration and then treated with Se-GFP-22. Results showed that Se-GFP-22 could increase thymus and spleen indices, phagocytic index, co-mitogenic (ConA- or LPS-stimulated) activities on splenocytes, DTH reaction, serum hemolysin formation and immunoglobulin (Ig G, Ig A and Ig M) levels in CTX-treated mice. Se-GFP-22 significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity in CTX-treated mice, as shown by the evaluation of GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activities, as well as MDA levels in serum, liver and kidney. Se-GFP-22 strongly stimulated inflammatory cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and NO productions by up-regulating mRNA expressions of IL-2, IFN-γ and iNOS. Se-GFP-22 possessed the immunomodulatory activity by up-regulating various transcription factors (JNK, ERK, and p38) in MAPKs signaling pathways. This study suggested that Se-GFP-22 may provide an alternative strategy in lessening chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guangying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Longkun Rd. 99, Hainan 570100, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of the Environment, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Liu J, Xu Z, Guo Z, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Wang X. Structural investigation of a polysaccharide from the mycelium of Enterobacter cloacae and its antibacterial activity against extensively drug-resistant E. cloacae producing SHV-12 extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 195:444-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Meng Y, Li B, Jin D, Zhan M, Lu J, Huo G. Immunomodulatory activity of Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0318 in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Food Nutr Res 2018; 62:1296. [PMID: 30026678 PMCID: PMC5883861 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Probiotics in fermented foods have attracted considerable attention lately as treatment options for immune diseases, the incidence of which has been increasing throughout the world. Objective The objective of the present study was to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) KLDS1.0318 in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Design To investigate the immune-enhancing effects of L. plantarum KLDS1.0318, we used a immunosuppressive model. Ninety female six-week-old BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (NC) group, model control (MC) group, immunosuppression plus L. plantarum KLDS1.0318 groups with three different doses (KLDS1.0318-L, KLDS1.0318-M, and KLDS1.0318-H), and plus levamisole hydrochloride as positive control (PC) group. Results and discussions Results showed that the thymus and spleen indexes of the four treatment groups were significantly higher than those of the MC group (2.01±0.16) ( p < 0.05). The capacity of lymphocyte proliferation, the activity of natural killer (NK) cell and macrophages phagocytosis were significantly increased ( p < 0.05) in four treatment groups as compared with the MC group (0.327±0.022, 62.29±0.8, 0.087±0.008, respectively). The levels of relative immune factors (IL-2, IL-6, and IFN-γ) showed similar patterns ( p < 0.05). Conclusions This study suggested that orally administered L.plantarum KLDS1.0318 may effectively accelerate the recovery of immunosuppressive mice caused by cyclophosphamide (CTX). The immunomodulatory activity of the srtain recommended that L. plantarum KLDS1.0318 could be used as a powerful medicinal treatment against immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Da Jin
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guicheng Huo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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20
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Sun H, Zhu Z, Tang Y, Ren Y, Song Q, Tang Y, Zhang Y. Structural characterization and antitumor activity of a novel Se-polysaccharide from selenium-enriched Cordyceps gunnii. Food Funct 2018; 9:2744-2754. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00027a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) has been recognized as an essential element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Yali Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Qiaoying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Yun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- PR China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR CNRS 8232
- 75005 Paris
- France
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21
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Shoeibi S, Mozdziak P, Golkar-Narenji A. Biogenesis of Selenium Nanoparticles Using Green Chemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:88. [PMID: 29124492 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Selenium binds some enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, which may be activated in biological infections and oxidative stress. Chemical and physical methods for synthesizing nanoparticles, apart from being expensive, have their own particular risks. However, nanoparticle synthesis through green chemistry is a safe procedure that different biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, yeasts, algae and plants can be the catalyst bed for processing. Synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by macro/microorganisms causes variation in morphology and shape of the particles is due to diversity of reduction enzymes in organisms. Reducing enzymes of microorganisms by changing the status of redox convert metal ions (Se2-) to SeNPs without charge (Se0). Biological activity of SeNPs includes their protective role against DNA oxidation. Because of the biological and industrial properties, SeNPs have wide applications in the fields of medicine, microelectronic, agriculture and animal husbandry. SeNPs can show strong antimicrobial effects on the growth and proliferation of microorganisms in a dose-dependent manner. The objective of this review is to consider SeNPs applications to various organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shoeibi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Graduate Physiology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Afsaneh Golkar-Narenji
- Department of Genetic, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Song D, Li X, Cheng Y, Xiao X, Lu Z, Wang Y, Wang F. Aerobic biogenesis of selenium nanoparticles by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 as a consequence of fumarate reductase mediated selenite reduction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3239. [PMID: 28607388 PMCID: PMC5468319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03558-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the ability of Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 to reduce toxic sodium selenite and mechanism of this process. E. cloacae Z0206 was found to completely reduce up to 10 mM selenite to elemental selenium (Se°) and form selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) under aerobic conditions. The selenite reducing effector of E. cloacae Z0206 cell was to be a membrane-localized enzyme. iTRAQ proteomic analysis revealed that selenite induced a significant increase in the expression of fumarate reductase. Furthermore, the addition of fumarate to the broth and knockout of fumarate reductase (frd) both significantly decreased the selenite reduction rate, which revealed a previously unrecognized role of E. cloacae Z0206 fumarate reductase in selenite reduction. In contrast, glutathione-mediated Painter-type reactions were not the main pathway of selenite reducing. In conclusion, E. cloacae Z0206 effectively reduced selenite to Se° using fumarate reductase and formed SeNPs; this capability may be employed to develop a bioreactor for treating Se pollution and for the biosynthesis of SeNPs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguang Song
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanzhi Cheng
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zeqing Lu
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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23
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Song D, Cheng Y, Li X, Wang F, Lu Z, Xiao X, Wang Y. Biogenic Nanoselenium Particles Effectively Attenuate Oxidative Stress-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Injury by Activating the Nrf2 Antioxidant Pathway. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14724-14740. [PMID: 28406025 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a new form of selenium nanoparticle (biogenic nanoselenium (BNS) particles) was synthesized using bacteria. The protection of BNS particles against oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and the inherent mechanisms of this process were investigated, and selenomethionine (SeMet) and chemically synthesized nanoselenium (Nano-Se) particles were used for comparison. Characterization of BNS particles revealed that they were monodispersed and homogeneous spheres, with an average size of 139.43 ± 7.44 nm. In the mouse model of intestinal oxidative stress, BNS particles were found to protect the mouse intestinal barrier function and preserve intestinal redox homeostasis more efficiently than SeMet and Nano-Se. In vitro experiments with porcine jejunum epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells verified the stronger epithelial barrier-protecting effect of BNS particles against oxidative stress, with reduced cell apoptosis and an improved cell redox state. BNS activated the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and increased the expression of its downstream genes, including thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD)-1, NADPH dehydrogenase (NQO)-1, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and thioredoxin (Trx), in dose- and time-dependent manners. In contrast, SeMet and Nano-Se merely enhanced the activity of the selenoenzymes TXNRD-1 and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-1, indicating the role of selenium donors. Moreover, the knock down of Nrf2 significantly blocked the antioxidative effect of BNS, confirming that BNS protects the intestinal barrier from oxidative stress-induced damage by activating Nrf2 and its downstream genes. Our results suggest that BNS is a promising selenium species with potential application in treating oxidative stress-related intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguang Song
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanzhi Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zeqing Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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24
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The Surface-Associated Exopolysaccharide of Bifidobacterium longum 35624 Plays an Essential Role in Dampening Host Proinflammatory Responses and Repressing Local TH17 Responses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:7185-7196. [PMID: 27736791 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02238-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune-modulating properties of certain bifidobacterial strains, such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624 (B. longum 35624), have been well described, although the strain-specific molecular characteristics associated with such immune-regulatory activity are not well defined. It has previously been demonstrated that B. longum 35624 produces a cell surface exopolysaccharide (sEPS), and in this study, we investigated the role played by this exopolysaccharide in influencing the host immune response. B. longum 35624 induced relatively low levels of cytokine secretion from human dendritic cells, whereas an isogenic exopolysaccharide-negative mutant derivative (termed sEPSneg) induced vastly more cytokines, including interleukin-17 (IL-17), and this response was reversed when exopolysaccharide production was restored in sEPSneg by genetic complementation. Administration of B. longum 35624 to mice of the T cell transfer colitis model prevented disease symptoms, whereas sEPSneg did not protect against the development of colitis, with associated enhanced recruitment of IL-17+ lymphocytes to the gut. Moreover, intranasal administration of sEPSneg also resulted in enhanced recruitment of IL-17+ lymphocytes to the murine lung. These data demonstrate that the particular exopolysaccharide produced by B. longum 35624 plays an essential role in dampening proinflammatory host responses to the strain and that loss of exopolysaccharide production results in the induction of local TH17 responses. IMPORTANCE Particular gut commensals, such as B. longum 35624, are known to contribute positively to the development of mucosal immune cells, resulting in protection from inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular basis and mechanisms for these commensal-host interactions are poorly described. In this report, an exopolysaccharide was shown to be decisive in influencing the immune response to the bacterium. We generated an isogenic mutant unable to produce exopolysaccharide and observed that this mutation caused a dramatic change in the response of human immune cells in vitro In addition, the use of mouse models confirmed that lack of exopolysaccharide production induces inflammatory responses to the bacterium. These results implicate the surface-associated exopolysaccharide of the B. longum 35624 cell envelope in the prevention of aberrant inflammatory responses.
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25
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Espinosa-Ortiz EJ, Shakya M, Jain R, Rene ER, van Hullebusch ED, Lens PNL. Sorption of zinc onto elemental selenium nanoparticles immobilized in Phanerochaete chrysosporium pellets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:21619-21630. [PMID: 27519902 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of a novel hybrid biosorbent, elemental selenium nanoparticles (nSe0) immobilized in pellets of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, to remove Zn from aqueous solutions was investigated. Fungal pellets containing nSe0 (nSe0-pellets) showed to be better biosorbents as they removed more Zn (88.1 ± 5.3 %) compared to Se-free fungal pellets (56.2 ± 2.8 %) at pH 4.5 and an initial Zn concentration of 10 mg L-1. The enhanced sorption capacity of nSe0-pellets was attributed to a higher concentration of sorption sites resulting in a more negative surface charge density, as determined by analysis of the potentiometric titration data. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis of fungal pellets prior to and after being loaded with Zn showed the functional groups, including hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, involved in the sorption process. The experimental data indicated that the sorption rate of the nSe0-pellets fitted well to the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R 2 = 0.99), and the sorption isotherm was best represented by the Sips model (Langmuir-Freundlich) with heterogeneous factor n = 1 (R 2 = 0.99), which is equivalent to the Langmuir model. Operational advantages of fungal pelleted reactors and the Zn removal efficiencies achieved by nSe0-pellets under mild acidic conditions make nSe0-pellet based bioreactors an efficient biosorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Espinosa-Ortiz
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Manisha Shakya
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rohan Jain
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Université Paris-Est, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Piet N L Lens
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland
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26
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Altmann F, Kosma P, O’Callaghan A, Leahy S, Bottacini F, Molloy E, Plattner S, Schiavi E, Gleinser M, Groeger D, Grant R, Rodriguez Perez N, Healy S, Svehla E, Windwarder M, Hofinger A, O’Connell Motherway M, Akdis CA, Xu J, Roper J, van Sinderen D, O’Mahony L. Genome Analysis and Characterisation of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624™. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162983. [PMID: 27656878 PMCID: PMC5033381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bifibobacterium longum subsp. longum35624™ strain (formerly named Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis) is a well described probiotic with clinical efficacy in Irritable Bowel Syndrome clinical trials and induces immunoregulatory effects in mice and in humans. This paper presents (a) the genome sequence of the organism allowing the assignment to its correct subspeciation longum; (b) a comparative genome assessment with other B. longum strains and (c) the molecular structure of the 35624 exopolysaccharide (EPS624). Comparative genome analysis of the 35624 strain with other B. longum strains determined that the sub-speciation of the strain is longum and revealed the presence of a 35624-specific gene cluster, predicted to encode the biosynthetic machinery for EPS624. Following isolation and acid treatment of the EPS, its chemical structure was determined using gas and liquid chromatography for sugar constituent and linkage analysis, electrospray and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry for sequencing and NMR. The EPS consists of a branched hexasaccharide repeating unit containing two galactose and two glucose moieties, galacturonic acid and the unusual sugar 6-deoxy-L-talose. These data demonstrate that the B. longum35624 strain has specific genetic features, one of which leads to the generation of a characteristic exopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Kosma
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amy O’Callaghan
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sinead Leahy
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Francesca Bottacini
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Evelyn Molloy
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Elisa Schiavi
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marita Gleinser
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ray Grant
- Alimentary Health Pharma Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Noelia Rodriguez Perez
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabeth Svehla
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Hofinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jun Xu
- Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | | | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Li X, Hou R, Yue C, Liu J, Gao Z, Chen J, Lu Y, Wang D, Liu C, Hu Y. The Selenylation Modification of Epimedium Polysaccharide and Isatis Root Polysaccharide and the Immune-enhancing Activity Comparison of Their Modifiers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 171:224-34. [PMID: 26432450 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epimedium polysaccharide (EPS) and isatis root polysaccharide (IRPS) were extracted, purified, and selenizingly modified by nitric acid-sodium selenite method to obtain nine selenizing EPSs (sEPSs), sEPS1-sEPS9 and nine selenizing IRPSs (sIRPSs), sIRPS1-sIRPS9, respectively. Their effects on chicken peripheral lymphocyte proliferation in vitro were compared by MTT assay. The results showed that selenium polysaccharides at appropriate concentration could promote lymphocyte proliferation more significantly than unmodified polysaccharides, sEPS5 and sIRPS5 with stronger actions were picked out and injected into the chickens vaccinated with Newcastle disease vaccine in vivo tests. The peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and serum antibody titer were determined. The results showed that sEPS5 and sIRPS5 could elevate serum antibody titer and promote lymphocyte proliferation more significantly than unmodified polysaccharides, sEPS5 possessed the strongest efficacy. These results indicate that selenylation modification can significantly enhance the immune-enhancing activity of EPS and IRPS, and sEPS5 can be as a new-type immunopotentiator of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
- Department of Agriculture, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, People' s Republic of China
| | - Ranran Hou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
| | - Chanjuan Yue
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- National Research Center of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, People' s Republic of China
| | - Yu Lu
- National Research Center of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, People' s Republic of China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
| | - Cui Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People' s Republic of China.
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28
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Biosynthesis of selenium rich exopolysaccharide (Se-EPS) by Pseudomonas PT-8 and characterization of its antioxidant activities. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 142:230-9. [PMID: 26917395 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of organo-selenium is achieved by submerged fermentation of selenium-tolerant Pseudomonas PT-8. The end product of metabolic process is selenium-bearing exopolysaccharide (Se-EPS), which contains a higher content of uronic acid than the exopolysaccharide (EPS) by the strain without selenium in the culture medium. Selenium content in Se-EPS reached a maximum yield of 256.7 mg/kg when using an optimized culture condition. Crude Se-EPS was purified into two fractions-a pH neutral Se-EPS-1 and an acidic Se-EPS-2. Structure and chemical composition of Se-EPS-2 were investigated by chromatographic analyses. Results showed that Se-EPS-2 was a homogenous polysaccharide with molecular weight of 7.3 kDa, consisting of monosaccharides, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose and galactose with a molar ratio of 19.58:19.28:5.97:18.99:23.70:12.48, respectively. Compared to the EPS, the content of rhamnose in Se-EPS increased and molecular weight decreased. The Se-EPS had strong scavenging actions on DPPH•, •OH and •O2(-), which is much higher than the EPS.
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Liao W, Yu Z, Lin Z, Lei Z, Ning Z, Regenstein JM, Yang J, Ren J. Biofunctionalization of Selenium Nanoparticle with Dictyophora Indusiata Polysaccharide and Its Antiproliferative Activity through Death-Receptor and Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Pathways. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18629. [PMID: 26686000 PMCID: PMC4685659 DOI: 10.1038/srep18629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-functionalized nanoparticles with semiconducting/metallic core encapsulated in a bio- or bio-derived materials are promising for applications in biology and especially in cancer diagnostic and healing. In this report, we report a facile, single-step, first-time synthesis and in-situ functionalization strategy for the preparation of monodispersed selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) functionalized using a novel polysaccharide (DP1) extracted from Dictyophora indusiata (a fungus). The DP1 functionalized SeNPs (DP1-SeNPs), where DP1 is attached to the surface via Se-O bond as well as physic-sorption had, an average diameter of 89 nm, and were highly uniform, extremely stable compared to bare SeNPs. Detailed investigation of the biological properties of DP1-SeNP illustrated that they exhibit unprecedented, enhanced, and selective antiproliferative activity through inducing cell apoptosis confirmed by nuclear condensation, DNA cleavage, and accumulation of S phase cell arrest. The mechanism of the induced apoptosis was found to be a combination of the activation of caspases 3, 8, and 9, the Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. It is envisioned that the reported DP1-SeNPs will offer a new phase space for high-efficiency anticancer treatment with little side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Liao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zehua Lin
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuogui Lei
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengxiang Ning
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Joe M. Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-7201, USA
| | - Jiguo Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-7201, USA
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Jain R, Seder-Colomina M, Jordan N, Dessi P, Cosmidis J, van Hullebusch ED, Weiss S, Farges F, Lens PNL. Entrapped elemental selenium nanoparticles affect physicochemical properties of selenium fed activated sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 295:193-200. [PMID: 25919502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Selenite containing wastewaters can be treated in activated sludge systems, where the total selenium is removed from the wastewater by the formation of elemental selenium nanoparticles, which are trapped in the biomass. No studies have been carried out so far on the characterization of selenium fed activated sludge flocs, which is important for the development of this novel selenium removal process. This study showed that more than 94% of the trapped selenium in activated sludge flocs is in the form of elemental selenium, both as amorphous/monoclinic selenium nanospheres and trigonal selenium nanorods. The entrapment of the elemental selenium nanoparticles in the selenium fed activated sludge flocs leads to faster settling rates, higher hydrophilicity and poorer dewaterability compared to the control activated sludge (i.e., not fed with selenite). The selenium fed activated sludge showed a less negative surface charge density as compared to the control activated sludge. The presence of trapped elemental selenium nanoparticles further affected the spatial distribution of Al and Mg in the activated sludge flocs. This study demonstrated that the formation and subsequent trapping of elemental selenium nanoparticles in the activated sludge flocs affects their physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Jain
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands; Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454, Marne la Vallée, France.
| | - Marina Seder-Colomina
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454, Marne la Vallée, France; Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux, et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR CNRS 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR 206, Paris, France
| | - Norbert Jordan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Paolo Dessi
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Julie Cosmidis
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux, et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR CNRS 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR 206, Paris, France
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454, Marne la Vallée, France
| | - Stephan Weiss
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - François Farges
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux, et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR CNRS 7590, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR 206, Paris, France
| | - Piet N L Lens
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, The Netherlands
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Prospecting exopolysaccharides produced by selected bacteria associated with marine organisms for biotechnological applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ding GB, Nie RH, Lv LH, Wei GQ, Zhao LQ. Preparation and biological evaluation of a novel selenium-containing exopolysaccharide from Rhizobium sp. N613. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 109:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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33
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Redina OE, Smolenskaya SE, Abramova TO, Markel AL. Genetic loci for spleen weight and blood pressure in ISIAH rats with inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension. Mol Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893314030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides improve skeletal muscle glucose uptake of diabetic KKAy mice via AMPK pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:547-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Pan D, Liu J, Zeng X, Liu L, Li H, Guo Y. Immunomodulatory activity of selenium exopolysaccharide produced byLactococcus lactissubsp.Lactis. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2014.894000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Vitaliti G, Pavone P, Guglielmo F, Spataro G, Falsaperla R. The immunomodulatory effect of probiotics beyond atopy: an update. J Asthma 2013; 51:320-32. [PMID: 24256057 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2013.862259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past decades, the theory of "allergen avoidance" was considered the standard treatment for preventing the onset of allergic diseases. Recently, the concept of "immune tolerance" has replaced this old theory, and induction of tolerance by exposure is actually considered the appropriate method for preventing atopic diseases and other immunomediated pathologies. On the other hand, it is obvious that for public health reasons, abandoning current medical and hygienic practices is not desirable; therefore, safe alternatives, such as probiotics, have been suggested for providing necessary microbial stimulation. OBJECTIVE The purpose of our review is to describe the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of probiotics, reporting literature data on their effect when used for the treatment of immunomediated diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles reporting the evidence on the use of probiotics in immunomediated diseases, such as atopy, cow's milk allergy and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and in inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), with or without statistical meta-analysis, were selected in three different search engines: (1) MEDLINE via PubMed interface, (2) Scopus and (3) Google Scholar for all articles published from inception to July 2013. Titles and abstracts of identified papers were screened by two independent reviewers to determine whether they met the eligibility criteria of interest to develop our review. Subsequently, full texts of the remaining articles were independently retrieved for eligibility by the two reviewers. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The recent literature is focusing its interest towards the immunologic properties of relatively harmless organisms, including lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, helminths and saprophytic mycobacteria that may skew immune responses towards immunoregulation by inducing Treg cells, rather than eliciting a pro-inflammatory immune response. For this reason, recent researches have been addressed on the use of probiotics to promote immunoregulation in atopic diseases, such as atopic/eczema dermatitis syndrome and food allergy, as well as in inflammatory-based diseases such as IBDs, RA and bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Vitaliti
- Pediatric Complex Operative Unit and Pediatric Acute and Emergency Unit, Policlinico-Vittorio-Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
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Zhou X, Wang F, Yang H, Chen J, Ren Y, Yuan Z, Wang X, Wang Y. Selenium‑enriched exopolysaccharides produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 alleviate adipose inflammation in diabetic KKAy mice through the AMPK/SirT1 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:683-8. [PMID: 24337047 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides belong to a structurally diverse class of macromolecules, with the necessary flexibility for the precise regulatory mechanisms and high capacity for carrying biological information. On the basis of a previous study regarding the administration of selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides (Se-ECZ-EPS) produced by Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) Z0206 which resulted in a reduction of blood glucose levels and showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects and mechanism of EPS on the alleviation of fat inflammation in high-fat-diet (HFD) induced-diabetic KKAy mice. The HFD induced-diabetic KKAy mice were gavaged once daily with EPS (0.2 mg/g body weight) or distilled water, while the C57BL/6J mice were gavaged with distilled water. Six weeks later visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was collected for quantified polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot (WB) analysis. The results showed that following supplementation with EPS, interleukin (IL) 6, IL1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α mRNA expression in VAT were significantly reduced, while Glut4, pAMPK and SirT1 protein expression were markedly increased when compared with KKAy mice gavaged with water. Furthermore, ATGL and HSL mRNA were also significantly decreased. Subsequently, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with insulin to induce insulin resistance to determine the mechanism by which EPS affects inflammation. Following the treatment of adipocytes with 100 nM insulin for 8 h, IL6 and TNFα mRNA expression were significantly increased, while the content of glucose uptake and Glut4 protein expression were significantly decreased. When treated with 100 nM insulin and 0.1 mg/ml EPS, no significant change in IL6 and TNFα mRNA expression or glucose uptake were observed. However, when SirT1‑siRNA or AMPKα1-siRNA was transfected into the 3T3-L1 adipocytes prior to treatment with insulin and EPS, there was a significant increase in IL6 and TNFα mRNA abundance. In conclusion, VAT inflammation and lipolysis in HFD-induced KKAy mice were significantly decreased following EPS usage. Moreover, EPS may alleviate VAT inflammation primarily through the AMPK/SirT1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Hangxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jingqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xinxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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Lu Z, Jin M, Huang M, Wang Y, Wang Y. Bioactivity of selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 in broilers. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 96:131-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Guo Y, Pan D, Li H, Sun Y, Zeng X, Yan B. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity of selenium exopolysaccharide produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Food Chem 2013; 138:84-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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40
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Zhang Z, Wang X, Zhao M, Yu S, Qi H. The immunological and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from Enteromorpha linza. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 57:45-9. [PMID: 23500444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides extracted with water and alkali from Enteromorpha linza were a group of hetero polysaccharides, and their immunological and antioxidant activities were investigated employing various established in vitro systems. The structural analysis showed that they were composed of rhamnose, mannose, xylose, glucose, and galactose with different molar ratio. Available data obtained with in vitro models suggested that the two kinds of polysaccharide showed significant inhibitory effects on radical and could increase the capability of T and B lymphocytes proliferation. These results clearly establish the possibility that these polysaccharides extracted from E. linza could be effectively employed as ingredient in health or functional food, to all eviate oxidative stress. However, comprehensive studies need to be conducted in experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou 313000, China.
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41
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Fanning S, Hall LJ, van Sinderen D. Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 surface exopolysaccharide production is a beneficial trait mediating commensal-host interaction through immune modulation and pathogen protection. Gut Microbes 2013; 3:420-5. [PMID: 22713271 DOI: 10.4161/gmic.20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria constitute a substantial proportion of the human gut microbiota. There are currently many bifidobacterial strains with claimed probiotic attributes. The mechanism through which these strains reside within their host and exert benefits to the host is far from fully understood. We have shown in the case of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 that a cell surface exopolysaccharide (EPS) plays a role in in vivo persistence. Biosynthesis of two possible EPSs is controlled by a bidirectional gene cluster which guides alternate EPS synthesis by means of a reorienting promoter. The presence of EPS impacts on host immune response: the wild type, EPS-positive B. breve UCC2003 efficiently evades the adaptive B-cell host response, while its isogenic, EPS-deficient equivalent elicits a strong adaptive immune response. Functionally, EPS positive strains were more resilient to presence of acid and bile and were responsible for reduced colonization levels of Citrobacter rodentium, a gut pathogen. In conclusion, we have found that EPS is important in host interactions and pathogen protection, the latter indicative of a probiotic ability for the EPS of B. breve UCC2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranna Fanning
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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42
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Structure characterization of a fucose-containing exopolysaccharide produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 92:503-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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Optimization of selenylation conditions for Chinese angelica polysaccharide based on immune-enhancing activity. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 92:645-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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Liu L, Pan D, Zeng X, Li H. Effect of selenium-enriched exopolysaccharide produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis on signaling molecules in mouse spleen lymphocytes. Food Funct 2013; 4:1489-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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45
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Jin M, Lu Z, Huang M, Wang Y, Wang Y. Effects of Se-enriched polysaccharides produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:348-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bifidobacterial surface-exopolysaccharide facilitates commensal-host interaction through immune modulation and pathogen protection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:2108-13. [PMID: 22308390 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1115621109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria comprise a significant proportion of the human gut microbiota. Several bifidobacterial strains are currently used as therapeutic interventions, claiming various health benefits by acting as probiotics. However, the precise mechanisms by which they maintain habitation within their host and consequently provide these benefits are not fully understood. Here we show that Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 produces a cell surface-associated exopolysaccharide (EPS), the biosynthesis of which is directed by either half of a bidirectional gene cluster, thus leading to production of one of two possible EPSs. Alternate transcription of the two opposing halves of this cluster appears to be the result of promoter reorientation. Surface EPS provided stress tolerance and promoted in vivo persistence, but not initial colonization. Marked differences were observed in host immune response: strains producing surface EPS (EPS(+)) failed to elicit a strong immune response compared with EPS-deficient variants. Specifically, EPS production was shown to be linked to the evasion of adaptive B-cell responses. Furthermore, presence of EPS(+) B. breve reduced colonization levels of the gut pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Our data thus assigns a pivotal and beneficial role for EPS in modulating various aspects of bifidobacterial-host interaction, including the ability of commensal bacteria to remain immunologically silent and in turn provide pathogen protection. This finding enforces the probiotic concept and provides mechanistic insights into health-promoting benefits for both animal and human hosts.
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Ye S, Liu F, Wang J, Wang H, Zhang M. Antioxidant activities of an exopolysaccharide isolated and purified from marine Pseudomonas PF-6. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:764-770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Sun HH, Mao WJ, Jiao JY, Xu JC, Li HY, Chen Y, Qi XH, Chen YL, Xu J, Zhao CQ, Hou YJ, Yang YP. Structural characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by the marine fungus Epicoccum nigrum JJY-40 and their antioxidant activities. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 13:1048-1055. [PMID: 21279405 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-011-9368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two extracellular polysaccharides, ENP1 and ENP2, were isolated from the fermentation liquid of the marine fungus Epicoccum nigrum JJY-40 by anion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography, and their structures were investigated using chemical and spectroscopic methods including methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that ENP1 was composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose in the molar ratio of 5.0:2.1:1.0, and the main chain of the polysaccharide consisted of (1 → 2)-linked mannose, (1 → 3)-linked mannose, terminal mannose, (1 → 6)-linked glucose, (1 → 4)-linked glucose, and (1 → 4)-linked galactose. ENP2 was composed of mannose, galactose, glucose, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 12.4:11.2:8.3:1.0, and its glycosidic linkage patterns included terminal mannose, (1 → 6)-linked glucose, (1 → 4)-linked galactose, and (1 → 3)-linked mannose. The two polysaccharides had a partially branched structure with branch point located at C-3 position of (1 → 6)-linked glucose residue. The molecular weights of ENP1 and ENP2 were 19.2 kDa and 32.7 kDa, respectively. Antioxidant properties of the two polysaccharides were evaluated with hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation inhibition in vitro, and results showed that ENP2 and ENP1 had good antioxidant activities, especially ENP2. ENP2 could be effective as a potential antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Drug and Food, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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Uzma N, Kumar BS, Priyadarsini KI. Hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities of selenocystine in experimental liver injury of rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 142:723-34. [PMID: 20737246 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-010-8807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The study was evaluated to investigate the efficacy of selenocystine (CysSeSeCys), a well-known organoselenium compound, on the prevention of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced acute hepatic injury in Wistar rats. Forty healthy male Wistar rats were utilized in this study. Acute hepatotoxicity was induced by CCl(4) intoxication in rats. Serum biological analysis, oxidative stress, immune parameters, and gene expression of COX-2 and CYP2E1 were carried out. Pretreatment of CysSeSeCys prior to CCl(4) administration significantly prevented an increase in serum hepatic enzymatic activities. In addition, pretreatment of CysSeSeCys significantly prevented the formation of ROS, MDA, depletion of glutathione, and alteration of antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver of CCl(4)-intoxicated rats. This study also revealed that pretreatment with CysSeSeCys normalized the levels of interleukin 6 and10, IgG, and CD4 cell count. Pretreatment of CysSeSeCys significantly reversed COX-2 inflammatory response and the upregulation of CYP2E1 expression as well. Histopathological changes induced by CCl(4) were also significantly attenuated by CysSeSeCys pretreatment. CysSeSeCys has a potent hepatoprotective effect on CCl(4)-induced liver injury in rats through its antioxidative, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Uzma
- Department of Physiology, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500 058, India
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Chen Y, Mao W, Tao H, Zhu W, Qi X, Chen Y, Li H, Zhao C, Yang Y, Hou Y, Wang C, Li N. Structural characterization and antioxidant properties of an exopolysaccharide produced by the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y16. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8179-84. [PMID: 21733681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous exopolysaccharide, designated As1-1, was obtained from the culture medium of the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y16 and purified by anion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) spectroscopy showed that As1-1 was mainly composed of mannose with small amounts of galactose, and that its molecular weight was about 15 kDa. The backbone of As1-1 mainly consists of (1→2)-linked α-d-mannopyranose units, substituted at C-6 by the (1→6)-linked α-d-mannopyranose, (1→)-linked β-d-galactofuranose and (1→)-linked β-d-mannopyranose units. As1-1 possessed good in vitro antioxidant activity as evaluated by scavenging assays involving 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals. The investigation demonstrated that As1-1 is an exopolysaccharide different from those of other marine microorganisms, and could be a potential antioxidant and food supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Drug and Food, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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