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Ndubuisi IA, Amadi CO, Nwagu TN, Murata Y, Ogbonna JC. Non-conventional yeast strains: Unexploited resources for effective commercialization of second generation bioethanol. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 63:108100. [PMID: 36669745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The conventional yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is the most studied yeast and has been used in many important industrial productions, especially in bioethanol production from first generation feedstock (sugar and starchy biomass). However, for reduced cost and to avoid competition with food, second generation bioethanol, which is produced from lignocellulosic feedstock, is now being investigated. Production of second generation bioethanol involves pre-treatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass to sugar monomers containing, amongst others, d-glucose and D-xylose. Intrinsically, S. cerevisiae strains lack the ability to ferment pentose sugars and genetic engineering of S. cerevisiae to inculcate the ability to ferment pentose sugars is ongoing to develop recombinant strains with the required stability and robustness for commercial second generation bioethanol production. Furthermore, pre-treatment of these lignocellulosic wastes leads to the release of inhibitory compounds which adversely affect the growth and fermentation by S. cerevisae. S. cerevisiae also lacks the ability to grow at high temperatures which favour Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of substrates to bioethanol. There is, therefore, a need for robust yeast species which can co-ferment hexose and pentose sugars and can tolerate high temperatures and the inhibitory substances produced during pre-treatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. Non-conventional yeast strains are potential solutions to these problems due to their abilities to ferment both hexose and pentose sugars, and tolerate high temperature and stress conditions encountered during ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysate. This review highlights the limitations of the conventional yeast species and the potentials of non-conventional yeast strains in commercialization of second generation bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chioma O Amadi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Tochukwu N Nwagu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Y Murata
- Biological Resources and Post-Harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
| | - James C Ogbonna
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria.
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Microorganisms as New Sources of Energy. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15176365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of fossil energy sources has a negative impact on the economic and socio-political stability of specific regions and countries, causing environmental changes due to the emission of greenhouse gases. Moreover, the stocks of mineral energy are limited, causing the demand for new types and forms of energy. Biomass is a renewable energy source and represents an alternative to fossil energy sources. Microorganisms produce energy from the substrate and biomass, i.e., from substances in the microenvironment, to maintain their metabolism and life. However, specialized microorganisms also produce specific metabolites under almost abiotic circumstances that often do not have the immediate task of sustaining their own lives. This paper presents the action of biogenic and biogenic–thermogenic microorganisms, which produce methane, alcohols, lipids, triglycerides, and hydrogen, thus often creating renewable energy from waste biomass. Furthermore, some microorganisms acquire new or improved properties through genetic interventions for producing significant amounts of energy. In this way, they clean the environment and can consume greenhouse gases. Particularly suitable are blue-green algae or cyanobacteria but also some otherwise pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli, Klebsiella, and others), as well as many other specialized microorganisms that show an incredible ability to adapt. Microorganisms can change the current paradigm, energy–environment, and open up countless opportunities for producing new energy sources, especially hydrogen, which is an ideal energy source for all systems (biological, physical, technological). Developing such energy production technologies can significantly change the already achieved critical level of greenhouse gases that significantly affect the climate.
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Olorunsogbon T, Adesanya Y, Atiyeh HK, Okonkwo CC, Ujor VC, Ezeji TC. Effects of Clostridium beijerinckii and Medium Modifications on Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Production From Switchgrass. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:942701. [PMID: 35992339 PMCID: PMC9382077 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.942701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of lignocellulose-derived microbial inhibitory compounds (LDMICs) in lignocellulosic biomass (LB) hydrolysates is a barrier to efficient conversion of LB hydrolysates to fuels and chemicals by fermenting microorganisms. Results from this study provide convincing evidence regarding the effectiveness of metabolically engineered C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 for the fermentation of LB-derived hydrolysates to acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE). The engineered microbial strain (C. beijerinckii_SDR) was produced by the integration of an additional copy of a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) gene (Cbei_3904) into the chromosome of C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 wildtype, where it is controlled by the constitutive thiolase promoter. The C. beijerinckii_SDR and C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 wildtype were used for comparative fermentation of non-detoxified and detoxified hydrothermolysis-pretreated switchgrass hydrolysates (SHs) with and without (NH4)2CO3 supplementation. In the absence of (NH4)2CO3, fermentation of non-detoxified SH with C. beijerinckii_SDR resulted in the production of 3.13- and 2.25-fold greater quantities of butanol (11.21 g/L) and total ABE (20.24 g/L), respectively, than the 3.58 g/L butanol and 8.98 g/L ABE produced by C. beijerinckii_wildtype. When the non-detoxified SH was supplemented with (NH4)2CO3, concentrations were similar for butanol (9.5 compared with 9.2 g/L) and ABE (14.2 compared with 13.5 g/L) produced by C. beijerinckii_SDR and C. beijerinckii_wildtype, respectively. Furthermore, when C. beijerinckii_SDR and C. beijerinckii_wildtype were cultured in detoxified SH medium, C. beijerinckii_SDR produced 1.11- and 1.18-fold greater quantities of butanol and ABE, respectively, than when there was culturing with C. beijerinckii_wildtype. When the combined results of the present study are considered, conclusions are that the microbial strain and medium modifications of the fermentation milieu resulted in greater production of fuels and chemicals from non-detoxified LB hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinuola Olorunsogbon
- Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Yinka Adesanya
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Hasan K. Atiyeh
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Christopher Chukwudi Okonkwo
- Biotechnology Program, College of Science, The Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Portland, ME, United States
| | - Victor Chinomso Ujor
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Maddison, WI, United States
| | - Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji
- Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Thaddeus Chukwuemeka Ezeji,
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Adesanya Y, Atiyeh HK, Olorunsogbon T, Khanal A, Okonkwo CC, Ujor VC, Shah A, Ezeji TC. Viable strategies for enhancing acetone-butanol-ethanol production from non-detoxified switchgrass hydrolysates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126167. [PMID: 34678446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A process engineering strategy was investigated towards developing a viable scheme for effective conversion of hydrothermolysis pretreated non-detoxified switchgrass hydrolysates (SH) to acetone butanol ethanol (ABE) using a metabolically engineered strain of Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052, C. beijerinckii_AKR. The engineered strain was modified by homologous integration into the chromosome and constitutive expression of Cbei_3974, which encodes an aldo-keto reductase. Intermittent feeding strategy was employed in which fermentation was initiated with 30% of the SH and the remaining 70% SH was added when the optical density (OD600nm) of C. beijerinckii attained 0.5. The ABE (14.9 g/L) produced from non-detoxified SH by the inhibitor-tolerant C. beijerinckii_AKR was comparable to the P2-glucose control medium (14.7 g/L). Using intermittent feeding, wildtype and C. beijerinckii_AKR produced similar amounts of ABE (about 17.5 g/L). This shows that intermittent feeding strategy and C. beijerinckii_AKR enhanced ABE fermentation and eliminated the need for SH detoxification prior to fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinka Adesanya
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Hasan K Atiyeh
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Tinuola Olorunsogbon
- Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, and Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Asmita Khanal
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Christopher C Okonkwo
- Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, and Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Victor C Ujor
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Maddison, WI, USA
| | - Ajay Shah
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Thaddeus C Ezeji
- Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, and Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
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Avchar R, Lanjekar V, Baghela A. Bioprospecting thermotolerant yeasts from distillery effluent and molasses for high-temperature ethanol production. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1134-1151. [PMID: 34487585 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Isolation, characterization and assessment of inhibitor tolerance of thermotolerant yeasts associated with distillery effluent and molasses, and their use in high-temperature ethanol production from alkali-treated rice straw. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 92 thermotolerant yeasts were isolated from seven different distillery effluent and molasses samples. Based on MSP-PCR, 34 yeasts were selected and identified by sequencing the D1/D2 domain of LSU rDNA. These yeasts belonged to eight genera and nine different species. We assessed the inhibitor tolerance of these 34 well-characterized yeasts against various pre-treatment-generated inhibitors (furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and acetic acid) and also evaluated their ethanol yields at 40, 45 and 50℃. Among selected strains, Pichia kudriavzevii DSA3.2 exhibited the highest ethanol production (24.5 g l-1 ) with an efficiency of 95.7% at 40℃ using 5% glucose. At 45℃, P. kudriavzevii DSA3.2 and Kluyveromyces marxianus MSS6.3 yielded maximum ethanol titres; 22.3 and 23 g l-1 with 87.4% and 90% efficiency, respectively. While using alkali-treated RS at 45℃, K. marxianus MSS6.3 produced 10.5 g l-1 of ethanol with 84.5% fermentation efficiency via separate hydrolysis and fermentation, and 10.9 g l-1 of ethanol with 85% efficiency via simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Pichia kudriavzevii DSA3.2, DSA3.1 and K. marxianus MSS6.3 also exhibited significant tolerance against multiple inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Yeast isolates P. kudriavzevii DSA3.2 and K. marxianus MSS6.3 exhibited significant inhibitor tolerance and proved to be suitable for high-temperature ethanol fermentation. After additional optimization and scale-up experiments, these isolates can be exemplary candidates for industrial-scale ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our study recognizes distillery effluents and molasses as specialized niches for yeasts with a broad substrate range, capable of tolerating multiple inhibitors and yielding high levels of ethanol at elevated temperatures. These yeasts can further be exploited for bioethanol production through SSF/SHF at a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameshwar Avchar
- Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.,Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Vikram Lanjekar
- Bioenergy Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Abhishek Baghela
- Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.,Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
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Kluyveromyces marxianus: Current State of Omics Studies, Strain Improvement Strategy and Potential Industrial Implementation. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation6040124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioethanol is considered an excellent alternative to fossil fuels, since it importantly contributes to the reduced consumption of crude oil, and to the alleviation of environmental pollution. Up to now, the baker yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most common eukaryotic microorganism used in ethanol production. The inability of S. cerevisiae to grow on pentoses, however, hinders its effective growth on plant biomass hydrolysates, which contain large amounts of C5 and C12 sugars. The industrial-scale bioprocessing requires high temperature bioreactors, diverse carbon sources, and the high titer production of volatile compounds. These criteria indicate that the search for alternative microbes possessing useful traits that meet the required standards of bioethanol production is necessary. Compared to other yeasts, Kluyveromyces marxianus has several advantages over others, e.g., it could grow on a broad spectrum of substrates (C5, C6 and C12 sugars); tolerate high temperature, toxins, and a wide range of pH values; and produce volatile short-chain ester. K. marxianus also shows a high ethanol production rate at high temperature and is a Crabtree-negative species. These attributes make K. marxianus promising as an industrial host for the biosynthesis of biofuels and other valuable chemicals.
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Demiray E, Karatay SE, Dönmez G. Improvement of bioethanol production from pomegranate peels via acidic pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:29366-29378. [PMID: 31396876 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the ethanol production from pomegranate peels (PPs). Therefore, the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis and different pretreatments on ethanol production by yeasts was examined. There were three different enzyme concentrations (3.6, 7.2, 14.4 FPU/g substrate) tested for enzymatic hydrolysis, and four different PP media, such as WSPP (whole slurry of PP), LFPP (liquid fraction of PP), WSFPP (washed solid fraction of PP) and N-WSFPP (non-washed solid fraction of PP), were prepared. Bioethanol production was monitored for 96 h. Maximum ethanol concentrations were obtained at WSPP medium as 12.69 g/L, 14.35 g/L and 4.23 g/L in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces marxianus and Pichia stipitis, respectively. On the other hand, the washing step of biomass increased the kinetic parameters dramatically and the highest theoretical ethanol yields and YP/S values were obtained from WSFPP medium in all tested yeasts. Theoretical ethanol yields were 97.8%, 98.7% and 35.5% for S. cerevisiae, K. marxianus and P. stipitis, respectively. Qp values were observed as 0.98 g/L h, 0.99 g/L h and 0.04 g/L h for the same yeasts. The highest YP/S values were detected as 0.50 g/g for S. cerevisiae, 0.50 g/g for K. marxianus and 0.30 g/g for P. stipitis in the washed pomegranate peel biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Demiray
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Beşevler, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Ertuğrul Karatay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Beşevler, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gönül Dönmez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Beşevler, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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Li J, Liu D, Zhang M, Roozeboom KL, Wang D. Boosting fermentable sugars by integrating magnesium oxide-treated corn stover and corn stover liquor without washing and detoxification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121586. [PMID: 31176203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Integration of MgO-treated corn stover and corn stover liquor for enzymatic hydrolysis was studied to improve sugar yield and concentration as well as to simplify the bioconversion process. Results showed that under the same enzymatic hydrolysis conditions (2 mL enzyme/g biomass and 10% substrate loading), MgO-treated corn stover plus corn stover liquor had a similar glucose yield (70.4 vs. 68.8%) and concentration (40.4 vs. 41.5 g/L) but a higher xylose yield (56.6 vs. 25.3%) and concentration (16.7 vs. 10.6 g/L) compared with using MgO-treated corn stover only. Corn stover slurry from MgO pretreatment was near-neutral and free of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural, eliminating the need for washing and detoxification and lightening the burden for wastewater treatment. In addition, Tween 80 significantly reduced the irreversible binding of lignin to enzyme, increasing xylose and glucose yields by 14.7 and 6.2% and sugar concentration by 7.4 g/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Kraig L Roozeboom
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
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An Insight into Fungal Cellulases and Their Industrial Applications. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14726-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Tura A, Fontana RC, Camassola M. Schizosaccharomyces pombe as an Efficient Yeast to Convert Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreated with Ionic Liquids in Ethanol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:960-971. [PMID: 29797299 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids (ILs) has been extensively studied, being regarded as one of the most promising methods for obtaining fermentable sugars. In this research, it was investigated the production of ethanol from sugars released from sugarcane bagasse pretreated with the ionic liquids [C4mim][OAc] and [C2mim][OAc], hydrolysed with Penicillium echinulatum enzymes and using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Yields of about 43 and 56% of ethanol were observed for S. cerevisiae and biomass pretreated with [C2mim][OAc] and [C4mim][OAc], respectively. S. pombe yielded 52 and 78% ethanol for [C2mim][OAc] and [C4mim][OAc], respectively. These results indicate that S. pombe showed best performance for alcoholic fermentation from sugars released from pretreated biomass by ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andria Tura
- University of Caxias do Sul - Institute of Biotechnology - Enzyme and Biomass Laboratory, 1130, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- University of Caxias do Sul - Institute of Biotechnology - Enzyme and Biomass Laboratory, 1130, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- University of Caxias do Sul - Institute of Biotechnology - Enzyme and Biomass Laboratory, 1130, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil.
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Boonchuay P, Techapun C, Leksawasdi N, Seesuriyachan P, Hanmoungjai P, Watanabe M, Takenaka S, Chaiyaso T. An integrated process for xylooligosaccharide and bioethanol production from corncob. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:399-407. [PMID: 29475148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An integrated process for xylooligosaccharides (XOs) and bioethanol production from corncob was investigated. XOs were produced by a consecutive process of KOH treatment and hydrolysis by an in-house thermostable endo-xylanase from Streptomyces thermovulgaris. XO yields of 0.15 g/gKOH-treated corncob (22.13 g/L) and 0.52 g/graw corncob of cellulose-rich corncob (CRC) were obtained. After 96 h of enzymatic hydrolysis, CRC hydrolysate contained 62.16, 51.21, 10.03 and 0.92 g/L of total sugar, glucose, xylose and arabinose, respectively. Bioethanol production by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) using CRC hydrolysate, and by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using CRC was studied at 40 °C for thermotolerant Candida glabrata. SHF showed an ethanol yield of 0.28 g/gCRC (21.92 g/L) and ethanol productivity of 0.304 g/L/h with 93% theoretical yield. Surprisingly, by SSF, those parameters were 0.27 g/gCRC (31.32 g/L), 0.33 g/L/h and 89%, respectively. This integrated process might be a new cost-effective approach for corncob valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinpanit Boonchuay
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Charin Techapun
- Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Prasert Hanmoungjai
- Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Masanori Watanabe
- Department of Food, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 9978555, Japan
| | - Shinji Takenaka
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 6578501, Japan
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
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Wu W, Rondon V, Weeks K, Pullammanappallil P, Ingram LO, Shanmugam KT. Phosphoric acid based pretreatment of switchgrass and fermentation of entire slurry to ethanol using a simplified process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:171-180. [PMID: 29274857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Switchgrass (Alamo) was pretreated with phosphoric acid (0.75 and 1%, w/w) at three temperatures (160, 175 and 190 °C) and time (5, 7.5 and 10 min) using a steam gun. The slurry after pretreatment was liquefied by enzymes and the released sugars were fermented in a simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process to ethanol using ethanologenic Escherichia coli strain SL100. Among the three variables in pretreatment, temperature and time were critical in supporting ethanol titer and yield. Enzyme hydrolysis significantly increased the concentration of furans in slurries, apparently due to release of furans bound to the solids. The highest ethanol titer of 21.2 ± 0.3 g/L ethanol obtained at the pretreatment condition of 190-1-7.5 (temperature-acid concentration-time) and 10% solids loading accounted for 190 ± 2.9 g ethanol/kg of raw switch grass. This converts to 61.7 gallons of ethanol per ton of dry switchgrass, a value that is comparable to other published pretreatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Vanessa Rondon
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Stan Mayfield Biorefinery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Kalvin Weeks
- Stan Mayfield Biorefinery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | | | - Lonnie O Ingram
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States; Stan Mayfield Biorefinery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - K T Shanmugam
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
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Cheng Q, Shi X, Liu Y, Liu X, Dou S, Ning C, Liu ZQ, Sun S, Chen X, Ren X. Production of nisin and lactic acid from corn stover through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1420425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Cheng
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuyang Shi
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xintong Liu
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sen Dou
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resource in the Commodity Grain Bases of Jilin Province, College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Zi qi Liu
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Bioavailability of Carbohydrate Content in Natural and Transgenic Switchgrasses for the Extreme Thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28625990 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00969-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving access to the carbohydrate content of lignocellulose is key to reducing recalcitrance for microbial deconstruction and conversion to fuels and chemicals. Caldicellulosiruptor bescii completely solubilizes naked microcrystalline cellulose, yet this transformation is impeded within the context of the plant cell wall by a network of lignin and hemicellulose. Here, the bioavailability of carbohydrates to C. bescii at 70°C was examined for reduced lignin transgenic switchgrass lines COMT3(+) and MYB Trans, their corresponding parental lines (cultivar Alamo) COMT3(-) and MYB wild type (WT), and the natural variant cultivar Cave-in-Rock (CR). Transgenic modification improved carbohydrate solubilization by C. bescii to 15% (2.3-fold) for MYB and to 36% (1.5-fold) for COMT, comparable to the levels achieved for the natural variant, CR (36%). Carbohydrate solubilization was nearly doubled after two consecutive microbial fermentations compared to one microbial step, but it never exceeded 50% overall. Hydrothermal treatment (180°C) prior to microbial steps improved solubilization 3.7-fold for the most recalcitrant line (MYB WT) and increased carbohydrate recovery to nearly 50% for the least recalcitrant lines [COMT3(+) and CR]. Alternating microbial and hydrothermal steps (T→M→T→M) further increased bioavailability, achieving carbohydrate solubilization ranging from 50% for MYB WT to above 70% for COMT3(+) and CR. Incomplete carbohydrate solubilization suggests that cellulose in the highly lignified residue was inaccessible; indeed, residue from the T→M→T→M treatment was primarily glucan and inert materials (lignin and ash). While C. bescii could significantly solubilize the transgenic switchgrass lines and natural variant tested here, additional or alternative strategies (physical, chemical, enzymatic, and/or genetic) are needed to eliminate recalcitrance.IMPORTANCE Key to a microbial process for solubilization of plant biomass is the organism's access to the carbohydrate content of lignocellulose. Economically viable routes will characteristically minimize physical, chemical, and biological pretreatment such that microbial steps contribute to the greatest extent possible. Recently, transgenic versions of plants and trees have been developed with the intention of lowering the barrier to lignocellulose conversion, with particular focus on lignin content and composition. Here, the extremely thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor bescii was used to solubilize natural and genetically modified switchgrass lines, with and without the aid of hydrothermal treatment. For lignocellulose conversion, it is clear that the microorganism, plant biomass substrate, and processing steps must all be considered simultaneously to achieve optimal results. Whether switchgrass lines engineered for low lignin or natural variants with desirable properties are used, conversion will depend on microbial access to crystalline cellulose in the plant cell wall.
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15
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McIntosh S, Palmer J, Zhang Z, Doherty WO, Yazdani SS, Sukumaran RK, Vancov T. Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Pretreated Eucalyptus grandis Under High Solids Loading. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2016.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shane McIntosh
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janice Palmer
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - William O.S. Doherty
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Syed S. Yazdani
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev K. Sukumaran
- CSIR, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Tony Vancov
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Fischer J, Lopes VS, Cardoso SL, Coutinho Filho U, Cardoso VL. MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO LIGNOCELLULOSIC ETHANOL IN SIMULTANEOUS HYDROLYSIS AND FERMENTATION. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20170341s20150475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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17
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Duwe A, Tippkötter N, Ulber R. Lignocellulose-Biorefinery: Ethanol-Focused. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 166:177-215. [PMID: 29071401 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The development prospects of the world markets for petroleum and other liquid fuels are diverse and partly contradictory. However, comprehensive changes for the energy supply of the future are essential. Notwithstanding the fact that there are still very large deposits of energy resources from a geological point of view, the finite nature of conventional oil reserves is indisputable. To reduce our dependence on oil, the EU, the USA, and other major economic zones rely on energy diversification. For this purpose, alternative materials and technologies are being sought, and is most obvious in the transport sector. The objective is to progressively replace fossil fuels with renewable and more sustainable fuels. In this respect, biofuels have a pre-eminent position in terms of their capability of blending with fossil fuels and being usable in existing cars without substantial modification. Ethanol can be considered as the primary renewable liquid fuel. In this chapter enzymes, micro-organisms, and processes for ethanol production based on renewable resources are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Duwe
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - N Tippkötter
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - R Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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18
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19
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Menegol D, Fontana RC, Dillon AJP, Camassola M. Second-generation ethanol production from elephant grass at high total solids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:280-290. [PMID: 27023383 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic hydrolysis of Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) was evaluated at high total solid levels (from 4% to 20% (w/v)) in a concomitant ball milling treatment in a rotating hydrolysis reactor (RHR). The greatest glucose yield was 20.17% when 4% (w/v) untreated biomass was employed. When sugars obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis were submitted to fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the greatest ethanol yield was 22.61% when 4% (w/v) untreated biomass was employed; however, the highest glucose concentration (12.47g/L) was obtaining using 20% (w/v) solids and highest ethanol concentration (6.1g/L) was obtained using 16% (w/v) solids. When elephant grass was hydrolyzed in the rotating hydrolysis reactor, ethanol production was about double that was produced when the biomass was hydrolyzed in a static reactor (SR). These data indicate that it is possible to produce ethanol from elephant grass when milling treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are performed at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Menegol
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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20
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Choudhary J, Singh S, Nain L. Thermotolerant fermenting yeasts for simultaneous saccharification fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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21
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Rodrigues THS, de Barros EM, de Sá Brígido J, da Silva WM, Rocha MVP, Gonçalves LRB. The Bioconversion of Pretreated Cashew Apple Bagasse into Ethanol by SHF and SSF Processes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:1167-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Novel clostridial fusants in comparison with co-cultured counterpart species for enhanced production of biobutanol using green renewable and sustainable feedstock. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:2249-62. [PMID: 26395807 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, biobutanol was produced through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw (WS) that traditionally produces acetone, butanol and ethanol solvents (ABE). Thermal stability was imparted to two mesophilic clostridial wild strains (Clostridium beijerinckii and Clostridium acetobutylicum) through protoplast fusion with that of a corresponding thermophilic clostridial species (Clostridium thermocellum). Production was pursued by the fused strains at 45 °C compared to that of the corresponding co-cultures at 35 °C. Results showed that the fused strains generally achieved higher production at 45 °C than that of the corresponding co-cultures at 35 °C. Highest butanol production of 13.82 g/L was recorded with C. beijerinckii fusant, with ABE solvents production of 23 g/L (yields of 0.17 and 0.57, respectively). Total sugar consumption of this strain was the highest among all strains and was 84%. Fused strains also showed immense level of tolerance towards butanol toxicity compared to the wild strains. Filter paper enzyme assay demonstrated that fused strains were able to produce cellulolytic enzymes in the range of 58.73-68.52 FPU/ml. Cellulosome producing C. thermocellum and its ability to ferment sugars offers a promising future in biofuels through eliminating the need to add external enzymes. Generally, productions reported in the present study were higher than literature where biobutanol stripping systems were employed to eliminate toxicity during production. This demonstrates a clear potential for improving productivity and yield at a larger-scale facility.
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23
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Liu K, Atiyeh HK, Pardo-Planas O, Ezeji TC, Ujor V, Overton JC, Berning K, Wilkins MR, Tanner RS. Butanol production from hydrothermolysis-pretreated switchgrass: Quantification of inhibitors and detoxification of hydrolyzate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:292-301. [PMID: 25898092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated butanol production from switchgrass based on hydrothermolysis pretreatment. The inhibitors present in the hydrolyzates were measured. Results showed poor butanol production (1g/L) with non-detoxified hydrolyzate. However, adjusting the pH of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate to 6 and adding 4 g/L CaCO3 increased butanol formation to about 6g/L. There was about 1g/L soluble lignin content (SLC), and various levels of furanic and phenolic compounds found in the non-detoxified hydrolyzate. Detoxification of hydrolyzates with activated carbon increased the butanol titer to 11 g/L with a total acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE) concentration of 17 g/L. These results show the potential of butanol production from hydrothermolysis pretreated switchgrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Liu
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Hasan K Atiyeh
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Oscar Pardo-Planas
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Thaddeus C Ezeji
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, and Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Victor Ujor
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, and Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan C Overton
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Kalli Berning
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Mark R Wilkins
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Ralph S Tanner
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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24
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Sasaki C, Okumura R, Asada C, Nakamura Y. Steam explosion treatment for ethanol production from branches pruned from pear trees by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 78:160-6. [PMID: 25036499 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.877818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the production of ethanol from unutilized branches pruned from pear trees by steam explosion pretreatment. Steam pressures of 25, 35, and 45 atm were applied for 5 min, followed by enzymatic saccharification of the extracted residues with cellulase (Cellic CTec2). High glucose recoveries, of 93.3, 99.7, and 87.1%, of the total sugar derived from the cellulose were obtained from water- and methanol-extracted residues after steam explosion at 25, 35, and 45 tm, respectively. These values corresponded to 34.9, 34.3, and 27.1 g of glucose per 100 g of dry steam-exploded branches. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation experiments were done on water-extracted residues and water- and methanol-extracted residues by Kluyveromyces marxianus NBRC 1777. An overall highest theoretical ethanol yield of 76% of the total sugar derived from cellulose was achieved when 100 g/L of water- and methanol-washed residues from 35 atm-exploded pear branches was used as substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizuru Sasaki
- a Department of Life System , Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima , Tokushima , Japan
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25
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Narra M, James JP, Balasubramanian V. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of delignified lignocellulosic biomass at high solid loadings by a newly isolated thermotolerant Kluyveromyces sp. for ethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 179:331-338. [PMID: 25553563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation studies were carried out using thermotolerant newly isolated Kluyveromyces sp. with three different delignified lignocellulosic biomass viz. rice straw, wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse at 5-15% solid loading and 6-12 FPU g(-1) substrate enzyme loading for different time intervals 0-72 h at 42°C. Maximum ethanol achieved from rice straw, wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse with in-house crude cellulases from Aspergillus terreus was 23.23, 18.29 and 17.91 mg mL(-1) at 60 h with 10% solid load and 9 FPU g(-1) substrate enzyme loading. Tween 80 1% (v/v) enhanced the ethanol yield by 8.39%, 9.26% and 8.14% in rice straw, wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse, respectively. External supplementation of β-glucosidase to the crude as well commercial cellulases produced maximum theoretical ethanol yield of 71.76%, 63.77%, 57.15% and 84.56%, 72.47%, 70.55% from rice straw, wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Narra
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India.
| | - Jisha P James
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India
| | - Velmurugan Balasubramanian
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India
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26
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da Costa JA, Marques JE, Gonçalves LRB, Rocha MVP. Enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production from cashew apple bagasse pretreated with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 179:249-259. [PMID: 25545094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of combinations and ratios between different enzymes has been investigated in order to assess the optimal conditions for hydrolysis of cashew apple bagasse pretreated with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (the solids named CAB-AHP). The separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes were evaluated in the ethanol production. The enzymatic hydrolysis conducted with cellulase complex and β-glucosidase in a ratio of 0.61:0.39, enzyme loading of 30FPU/g(CAB-AHP) and 66CBU/g(CAB-AHP), respectively, using 4% cellulose from CAB-AHP, turned out to be the most effective conditions, with glucose and xylose yields of 511.68 mg/g(CAB-AHP) and 237.8 mg/g(CAB-AHP), respectively. Fermentation of the pure hydrolysate by Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 36907 led to an ethanol yield of 61.8kg/ton(CAB), corresponding to 15 g/L ethanol and productivity of 3.75 g/( Lh). The ethanol production obtained for SSF process using K. marxianus ATCC 36907 was 18 g/L corresponding to 80% yield and 74.2kg/ton(CAB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessyca Aline da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - José Edvan Marques
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rocha Barros Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Valderez Ponte Rocha
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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27
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Shi S, Kang L, Lee YY. Production of lactic acid from the mixture of softwood pre-hydrolysate and paper mill sludge by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:2741-54. [PMID: 25561054 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Paper mill sludge is a solid waste material composed of pulp residues and ash generated from pulping and paper making process. The carbohydrate portion of the sludges from Kraft/Recycle paper mill has chemical and physical characteristics similar to those of commercial wood pulp. Because of its high carbohydrate content and well-dispersed structure, the sludge can be biologically converted to value-added products without pretreatment. In bioconversion of solid feedstock such as paper mill sludge, a certain amount of water must be present to attain fluidity. In this study, hemicellulose pre-hydrolysate, in place of water, was added to the sludge to increase the concentration of the final product. Pre-hydrolysate was obtained by hot-water treatment of pine wood in which the total sugar concentration reached 4 wt.%. The mixture was processed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using enzymes (cellulase and pectinase) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC-10863). Pectinase was added to hydrolyze mannose oligomers in the pre-hydrolysate to monomers. During the SSF of the mixture, calcium carbonate in the paper sludge acted as a buffer, yielding calcium lactate as the final product. External pH control was unnecessary due to the buffer action of calcium carbonate that maintained the pH near optimum for the SSF. The lactic acid yield in the range of 80-90 % of the theoretical maximum was obtained. Use of the mixed feed of pre-hydrolysate and pulp mill sludges in the SSF raised the product concentration to 60 g of lactate/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suan Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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28
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Saini JK, Agrawal R, Satlewal A, Saini R, Gupta R, Mathur A, Tuli D. Second generation bioethanol production at high gravity of pilot-scale pretreated wheat straw employing newly isolated thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus DBTIOC-35. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05792b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus DBTIOC-35 in SSF decreases overall process time, and increases productivity and yield by allowing elimination of presaccharification step and use of high biomass concentration, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar Saini
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
| | - Ruchi Agrawal
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
| | - Alok Satlewal
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
| | - Reetu Saini
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
| | - Anshu Mathur
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
| | - Deepak Tuli
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research
- R & D Centre
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
- Faridabad-121007
- India
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29
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Zhu JQ, Qin L, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of aqueous ammonia pretreated corn stover with an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae SyBE005. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:9-18. [PMID: 25016219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Co-fermentation of glucose and xylose from lignocelluloses is an efficient approach to increasing ethanol production. Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) of corn stover pretreated with aqueous ammonia was performed using engineered yeast with xylose utilization pathway. Thus far, the effect of the several key factors on SSCF was investigated, including temperature, inoculation size, pre-hydrolysis and pH. Ethanol concentration was achieved to 36.5 g/L during SSCF process with 6% glucan loading. The addition of Tween 20 reduced enzyme loading, i.e., from 15 to 7.5 FPU/gglucan with the same final ethanol concentration. The ethanol concentration was achieved to 70.1g/L at 12% glucan loading. Yeast feeding, combined with substrate and enzyme feeding, was proved to be an efficient approach for SSCF with high solid loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Center of Synthetic Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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30
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Camargo D, Gomes SD, Sene L. Ethanol production from sunflower meal biomass by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 36907. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:2235-42. [PMID: 24794173 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The lignocellulosic materials are considered promising renewable resources for ethanol production, but improvements in the processes should be studied to reduce operating costs. Thus, the appropriate enzyme loading for cellulose saccharification is critical for process economics. This study aimed at evaluating the concentration of cellulase and β-glucosidase in the production of bioethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of sunflower meal biomass. The sunflower biomass was pretreated with 6% H2SO4 (w/v), at 121 °C, for 20 min, for hemicellulose removal and delignificated with 1% NaOH. SSF was performed with Kluyveromyces marxianus ATCC 36907, at 38 °C, 150 rpm, for 72 h, with different enzyme concentrations (Cellulase Complex NS22086-10, 15 and 20 FPU/gsubstrate and β-Glucosidase NS22118, with a cellulase to β-glucosidase ratio of 1.5:1; 2:1 and 3:1). The best condition for ethanol production was cellulase 20 FPU/gsubstrate and β-glucosidase 13.3 CBU/gsubstrate, resulting in 27.88 g/L ethanol, yield of 0.47 g/g and productivity of 0.38 g/L h. Under this condition the highest enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose was attained (87.06%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Camargo
- Post-Graduate Program in Agricultural Engineering, PGEAGRI, Center of Exact and Technological Sciences, Western Paraná State University, Rua Universitária, 2069, Cascavel-PR, Cascavel, Paraná, CEP 85819-110, Brazil,
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Hama S, Nakano K, Onodera K, Nakamura M, Noda H, Kondo A. Saccharification behavior of cellulose acetate during enzymatic processing for microbial ethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 157:1-5. [PMID: 24514162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to realize the potential application of cellulose acetate to enzymatic processing, followed by microbial ethanol fermentation. To eliminate the effect of steric hindrance of acetyl groups on the action of cellulase, cellulose acetate was subjected to deacetylation in the presence of 1N sodium hydroxide and a mixture of methanol/acetone, yielding 88.8-98.6% at 5-20% substrate loadings during a 48h saccharification at 50°C. Ethanol fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae attained a high yield of 92.3% from the initial glucose concentration of 44.2g/L; however, a low saccharification yield was obtained at 35°C, decreasing efficiency during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). Presaccharification at 50°C prior to SSF without increasing the total process time attained the ethanol titers of 19.8g/L (5% substrate), 38.0g/L (10% substrate), 55.9g/L (15% substrate), and 70.9g/L (20% substrate), which show a 12.0-16.2% improvement in ethanol yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hama
- Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Nakano
- Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan
| | - Kaoru Onodera
- Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakamura
- Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan
| | - Hideo Noda
- Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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Koppram R, Tomás-Pejó E, Xiros C, Olsson L. Lignocellulosic ethanol production at high-gravity: challenges and perspectives. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramachandriya KD, Wilkins M, Atiyeh HK, Dunford NT, Hiziroglu S. Effect of high dry solids loading on enzymatic hydrolysis of acid bisulfite pretreated Eastern redcedar. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 147:168-176. [PMID: 23994698 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates hydrolysis of cellulose from Eastern redcedar to glucose at high solids loading. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated redcedar was performed with 0.5 ml Accelerase® 1500/g glucan (46 FPU/g glucan) using dry solids loading from 2% to 20% (w/w). Rheological challenges observed at high solids loading were overcome by adding stainless steel balls to shake flask reactors. The highest glucose concentration, 126 g/L (84% glucan-to-glucose yield), was obtained using 20% solids loading with stainless steel balls as a mixing aid. This enzymatic hydrolyzate was fermented into ethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae D5A to produce 52 g/L of ethanol (corresponding to 166 L/dry Mg of redcedar). Reducing enzyme dosage at 16% solids loading from 46 to 11.5 FPU/g glucan reduced glucan-to-glucose yields. This study has demonstrated the possibility of extracting sugars from the invasive species of Eastern redcedar with high solid loadings and their conversion into ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan D Ramachandriya
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Mark Wilkins
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States.
| | - Hasan K Atiyeh
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Nurhan T Dunford
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Salim Hiziroglu
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
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Optimization of Endoglucanase and Xylanase Activities from Fusarium verticillioides for Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Sugarcane Bagasse. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:1332-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hughes SR, Bang SS, Cox EJ, Schoepke A, Ochwat K, Pinkelman R, Nelson D, Qureshi N, Gibbons WR, Kurtzman CP, Bischoff KM, Liu S, Cote GL, Rich JO, Jones MA, Cedeño D, Doran-Peterson J, Riaño-Herrera NM, Rodríguez-Valencia N, López-Núñez JC. Automated UV-C Mutagenesis of Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL Y-1109 and Selection for Microaerophilic Growth and Ethanol Production at Elevated Temperature on Biomass Sugars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:276-90. [DOI: 10.1177/2211068213480037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Bioethanol production from Lignocellulosic biomass by a novel Kluyveromyces marxianus strain. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013; 77:1505-10. [PMID: 23832346 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus is considered as a potential alternative to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in producing ethanol as a biofuel. In this study, we investigated the ethanol fermentation properties of novel K. marxianus strain DMB1, isolated from bagasse hydrolysates. This strain utilized sorbitol as well as various pentoses and hexoses as single carbon sources under aerobic conditions and produced ethanol from glucose in hydrolysates of the Japanese cedar at 42 °C. Reference strains K. marxianus NBRC1777 and S. cerevisiae BY4743 did not assimilate sorbitol or ferment lignocellulosic hydrolysates to ethanol at this temperature. Thus strain DMB1 appears to be optimal for producing bioethanol at high temperatures, and might provide a valuable means of increasing the efficiency of ethanol fermentation.
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Efficient production of ethanol from empty palm fruit bunch fibers by fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:1807-14. [PMID: 23754558 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The concentration of ethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass should be at least 40 g l(-1) [about 5 % (v/v)] to minimize the cost of distillation process. In this study, the conditions for the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) at fed-batch mode for the production of ethanol from alkali-pretreated empty palm fruit bunch fibers (EFB) were investigated. Optimal conditions for the production of ethanol were identified as temperature, 30 °C; enzyme loading, 15 filter paper unit g(-1) biomass; and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) loading, 5 g l(-1) of dry cell weight. Under these conditions, an economical ethanol concentration was achieved within 17 h, which further increased up to 62.5 g l(-1) after 95 h with 70.6 % of the theoretical yield. To our knowledge, this is the first report to evaluate the economic ethanol production from alkali-pretreated EFB in fed-batch SSF using S. cerevisiae.
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Liu J, Wang ML, Tonnis B, Habteselassie M, Liao X, Huang Q. Fungal pretreatment of switchgrass for improved saccharification and simultaneous enzyme production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013. [PMID: 23195655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates fungal pretreatment of switchgrass involving solid state fermentation (SSF) to improve saccharification and simultaneously produce enzymes as co-products. The results revealed that the fungus Pycnoporus sp. SYBC-L3 can significantly degrade lignin and enhance enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. After a 36-d cultivation period, nearly 30% reduction in lignin content was obtained without significant loss of cellulose and hemicellulose, while a considerable amount of laccase, as high as 6.3 U/g, was produced. After pretreatment, pores on switchgrass surface were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency for the switchgrass with 36-d pretreatment was about 50% greater than the untreated one. Our results suggest that solid state fungal cultivation may be a good method for switchgrass pretreatment, which can simultaneously achieve high efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis and production of some useful enzymes for other industrial utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Liu
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
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Ahmed IN, Nguyen PLT, Huynh LH, Ismadji S, Ju YH. Bioethanol production from pretreated Melaleuca leucadendron shedding bark--simultaneous saccharification and fermentation at high solid loading. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 136:213-221. [PMID: 23570711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioethanol production from the shedding bark of Melaleuca leucadendron (Paper-bark Tree, PBT) was studied using subcritical water (SCW) pretreatment at various severities (So). High ethanol production was attained by implementing a factorial design on three parameters (So, solid loading and enzyme loading) in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) mode. Ethanol concentration of 63.2 g L(-1) corresponding to ethanol yield of 80.9% were achieved from pretreated biomass (So=2.37) at 0.25 g mL(-1) solid and 16 FPU g(-1) glucan enzyme loadings. Similarly at 0.15 g mL(-1) solid loadings both high ethanol concentration (43.7 g L(-1)) and high ethanol yield (91.25%) were achieved. Regression analysis of experimental results shows that all process parameters had significant role on maximum ethanol production, glucose solubility, ethanol yield and ethanol volumetric productivity. SSF of SCW treated PBT biomass is economically feasible for production of bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Nasser Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 106-07, Taiwan
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Ramachandriya KD, Wilkins MR, Hiziroglu S, Dunford NT, Atiyeh HK. Development of an efficient pretreatment process for enzymatic saccharification of Eastern redcedar. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 136:131-139. [PMID: 23567673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential for extracting sugars from the polysaccharides of Eastern redcedar. Pretreatment temperature, time, sulfuric acid loading, sodium bisulfite loading and impregnation time were varied using factorial treatment design experiments for identifying near optimal overall wood glucan-to-glucose yields during acid bisulfite pretreatments. The highest overall wood glucan-to-glucose yield of 87% was achieved when redcedar was impregnated with pretreatment liquor containing 3.75 g of sulfuric acid/100g of dry wood and 20 g of sodium bisulfite/100g of dry wood at 90 °C for 3h followed by increasing the temperature to 200 °C with a hold time of 10 min. Hemicellulose and lignin removal during pretreatments made the substrate amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis using 0.5 ml of Accelerase® 1500/g of glucan at 2% (w/w) solid loading. Preliminary mass balances showed 97% glucan recovery at pretreatment condition with 87% overall wood glucan-to-glucose yield and 59% delignification.
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41
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Orgill JJ, Atiyeh HK, Devarapalli M, Phillips JR, Lewis RS, Huhnke RL. A comparison of mass transfer coefficients between trickle-bed, hollow fiber membrane and stirred tank reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 133:340-346. [PMID: 23434811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Trickle-bed reactor (TBR), hollow fiber membrane reactor (HFR) and stirred tank reactor (STR) can be used in fermentation of sparingly soluble gasses such as CO and H2 to produce biofuels and bio-based chemicals. Gas fermenting reactors must provide high mass transfer capabilities that match the kinetic requirements of the microorganisms used. The present study compared the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (K(tot)A/V(L)) of three reactor types; the TBR with 3 mm and 6 mm beads, five different modules of HFRs, and the STR. The analysis was performed using O2 as the gaseous mass transfer agent. The non-porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) HFR provided the highest K(tot)A/V(L) (1062 h(-1)), followed by the TBR with 6mm beads (421 h(-1)), and then the STR (114 h(-1)). The mass transfer characteristics in each reactor were affected by agitation speed, and gas and liquid flow rates. Furthermore, issues regarding the comparison of mass transfer coefficients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Orgill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Xia Y, Fang HHP, Zhang T. Recent studies on thermophilic anaerobic bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40866c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lee JY, Li P, Lee J, Ryu HJ, Oh KK. Ethanol production from Saccharina japonica using an optimized extremely low acid pretreatment followed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 127:119-25. [PMID: 23131631 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An extremely low acid (ELA) pretreatment using 0.06% (w/w) sulfuric acid at 170 °C for 15 min was employed to extract non-glucan components from Saccharina japonica, a brown macroalgae. Subsequent simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was conducted using Saccharomyces cerevisiae DK 410362 and cellulase (15 FPU/g-glucan) and ß-glucosidase (70 pNPGU/g-glucan). Deionized water was used for making fermentation suspension. After the ELA pretreatment, a glucan content of 29.10% and an enzymatic digestibility of 83.96% was obtained for pretreated S. japonica. These values are 4.2- and 2.4-fold higher, respectively, than those of obtained with untreated S. japonica. In SSF, a bioethanol concentration of 6.65 g/L was obtained, corresponding to a glucose equivalent concentration of 13.01 g/L, which indicated an SSF yield of 67.41% based on the total available glucan of the pretreated S. japonica. The remaining separated liquid hydrolysate, which contains mannitol and alginate-derived oligosaccharides can be applied to other fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji ye Lee
- Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, South Korea
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Enhanced bio-ethanol production from cellulosic materials by semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using high temperature resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae TJ14. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 115:20-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Consolidated bioprocessing and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulose to ethanol with thermotolerant yeast strains. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Hu N, Yuan B, Sun J, Wang SA, Li FL. Thermotolerant Kluyveromyces marxianus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains representing potentials for bioethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke by consolidated bioprocessing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1359-68. [PMID: 22760784 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Thermotolerant inulin-utilizing yeast strains are desirable for ethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers by consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). To obtain such strains, 21 naturally occurring yeast strains isolated by using an enrichment method and 65 previously isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were investigated in inulin utilization, extracellular inulinase activity, and ethanol fermentation from inulin and Jerusalem artichoke tuber flour at 40 °C. The strains Kluyveromyces marxianus PT-1 (CGMCC AS2.4515) and S. cerevisiae JZ1C (CGMCC AS2.3878) presented the highest extracellular inulinase activity and ethanol yield in this study. The highest ethanol concentration in Jerusalem artichoke tuber flour fermentation (200 g L(-1)) at 40 °C achieved by K. marxianus PT-1 and S. cerevisiae JZ1C was 73.6 and 65.2 g L(-1), which corresponded to the theoretical ethanol yield of 90.0 and 79.7 %, respectively. In the range of 30 to 40 °C, temperature did not have a significant effect on ethanol production for both strains. This study displayed the distinctive superiority of K. marxianus PT-1 and S. cerevisiae JZ1C in the thermotolerance and utilization of inulin-type oligosaccharides reserved in Jerusalem artichoke tubers. It is proposed that both K. marxianus and S. cerevisiae have considerable potential in ethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers by a high temperature CBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
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Xu J, Zhang X, Cheng JJ. Pretreatment of corn stover for sugar production with switchgrass-derived black liquor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 111:255-60. [PMID: 22357289 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To improve the cost-effectiveness of biomass-to-sugar conversion, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreatment of switchgrass was carried out at 21°C using previously determined optimum conditions (2% NaOH (w/v), 6h), and the spent alkaline liquid (black liquor) was collected and used for pretreatment of corn stover, a feedstock exhibiting a higher susceptibility to NaOH attack, for improved enzymatic hydrolysis at a reduced cost. The results showed that, because of the high pH and the appreciable amount of carbohydrates in the black liquor, sugar production during enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover pretreated with black liquor was comparable to that of biomass pretreated with 1% NaOH. After black liquor pretreatment at the best residence time (24h), the total reducing sugar, glucose, and xylose yields of corn stover reached 478.5, 287.7, and 145.3mg/g raw biomass, respectively, indicating the viability of this novel pretreatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiele Xu
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
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