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Huang W, Shi H, Weng Q, Ding S, Lou L. Disparities and mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen conversion during food waste composting with different bulking agents. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119629. [PMID: 38043303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The low C/N ratio, high moisture content, and low porosity of food waste require the addition of bulking agents for adjustment during the composting process. However, the effect and mechanism of different bulking agents on the reduction of carbon and nitrogen losses are unclear. Therefore, this study conducted experiments to evaluate and clarify the differences in carbon and nitrogen transformation between sawdust, rice husk and wheat bran in food waste composting. The results showed that the addition of bulking agents promoted the conversion of carbon and nitrogen into total organic carbon (TOC) and total organic nitrogen (TON) rather than CO2 and NH3. The carbon and nitrogen losses were reduced by 16.00-25.71% and 11.56-29.54%, respectively. Notably, the Sawdust group exhibited the highest carbon retention, whereas the Wheat_bran group demonstrated superior nitrogen retention. The succession of bacterial communities showed that sawdust enhanced the cellulolysis and xylanolysis functions while wheat bran promoted nitrogen fixation. Correlation analysis was further employed to speculate on potential interactions among carbon and nitrogen components. The incorporation of sawdust and rice husk improved humification partly due to the addition of lignocellulose and the accumulation of total dissolved nitrogen (DTN) in the substrate, respectively. In the process of ammonia assimilation, the addition of wheat bran promoted the accumulation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), contributing to the synthesis of TON to a degree. These findings offer cost-effective strategies for conserving carbon and nitrogen from loss in food waste composting by selecting suitable bulking agents, ultimately producing high-quality fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuji Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, PR China
| | - Hongyu Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, PR China
| | - Qin Weng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, 27705, North Carolina, United States
| | - Shang Ding
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, PR China
| | - Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, PR China.
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2
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Liu Y, Han Y, Guo T, Guo J, Hou Y, Song Y, Li H, Zhang X. Insights to Fe(II) on the fate of humic acid and humic acid Fe complex with biogeobattery effect in simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128782. [PMID: 36828222 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of Fe(II) on the humic acid (HA) transformation and the effects of humic acid Fe (HA-Fe) on simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) system were investigated. After adding Fe(II), the HA content decreased and the HA inhibition on the SNAD system was released. Results showed that Fe(II) and HA formed the lower water-soluble HA-Fe, promoting the HA removal. HA-Fe with stronger electron transfer capacity constituted the interface with microorganisms to forming the biogeobattery effect. This accelerated the microbial electron transfer, as well as improved the key enzymes and ATP, indicating that HA-Fe stimulated the microbial activity of the SNAD system. Microbial community and quorum sensing analysis further demonstrated that HA-Fe enhanced the mutual symbiosis between electroactive and nitrogen removal bacteria, to ensure the stability of the SNAD system. The study provided references for efficient HA removal and revealed the biogeobattery effect of HA-Fe in the SNAD system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yi Han
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanan Hou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Haibo Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
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Mu S, Chen X, Song B, Wu C, Li Q. Enhanced performance and mechanism of the combined process of ozonation and a semiaerobic aged refuse biofilter for mature landfill leachate treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136432. [PMID: 36115471 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A semiaerobic aged refuse biofilter (SAARB) can effectively treat mature landfill leachate (ML), but prolonged operation can lead to the enrichment of pollutants in the biofilter, resulting in severely degraded treatment performance. In this study, we constructed a combination process of ozonation and a SAARB to treat ML based on the principles of selective oxidation of aromatic organics by ozone and the preference of microorganisms for ozonation products. The results showed that the removal of organic and nitrogen pollutants became extremely poor after long-term treatment of ML using the SAARB alone. The decrease of chemical oxygen demand (COD), light absorbance at 254 nm (UV254), NH4+, and total nitrogen (TN) improved significantly after recirculating the ozonated ML effluent (OLE) into the SAARB, and the removal extents increased significantly to 63.59% (COD), 26.14% (UV254), 92.85% (NH4+), and 52.04% (TN), respectively. In addition, the recirculation of OLE enhanced the complete denitrification and tolerance to high NH4+ loading by the SAARB. An analysis of the community composition of 16S_bacteria and ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) showed that long-term treatment of ML using the SAARB alone had difficulty enriching the dominant functional bacteria. In the OLE recirculation stage, environmental factors-such as influent organic matter species and concentration, nitrogen pollutant concentration, and pH-were changed to influence the community composition of 16S_bacteria and AOB and enrich functional bacteria (e.g., Truepera, Luteibacter, and Nitrosospira). Therefore, ozonation combined with a SAARB can remove organic and nitrogen pollutants more effectively. In particular, this can be used to solve the problem of inefficient total nitrogen removal using the SAARB alone. This study provides a theoretical reference for the efficient and stable operation of biological processes when treating ML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Mu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Xinglong Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Bowen Song
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Chuanwei Wu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Qibin Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
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Elsayed A, Yu J, Lee T, Kim Y. Model study on real-time aeration based on nitrite for effective operation of single-stage anammox. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113554. [PMID: 35644493 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) is an innovative technology for cost-efficient nitrogen removal without intensive aeration. However, effective control of the competition between nitrite oxidizing bacteria (XNOB) and Anammox bacteria (XANA) for nitrite is a key challenge for broad applications of single-stage Anammox processes in real wastewater treatment. Therefore, a real-time aeration scheme was proposed to determine dissolved oxygen (DO) based on nitrite concentration for effective control of XNOB growth while maintaining the XANA activity in a single-stage Anammox process. In this study, a non-steady state mathematical model was developed and calibrated using previously reported lab-scale Anammox results to investigate the efficiency of the proposed real-time aeration scheme in enhancing the Anammox process. Based on the calibrated model simulation results, DO of about 0.10 mg-O2/L was found to be ideal for maintaining effective nitrite creation by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (XAOB) while slowing down the growth of XNOB. If DO is too low (e.g., 0.01 mg-O2/L or lower), the overall rate of the ammonia removal is limited due to slow growth of XAOB. On the other hand, high DO (e.g., 1.0 mg-O2/L or higher) inhibits the growth of XANA, resulting in dominancy of XAOB and XNOB. According to the simulation results, nitrite concentration was found to be a rate-limiting parameter on effective nitrogen removal in single-stage Anammox processes. We also found that nitrite concentration can be used as a real-time switch for aeration in a single-stage Anammox process. A schematic aeration method based on real-time nitrite concentration was proposed and examined to control the competition between XANA and XNOB. In the model simulation, the XANA activity was successfully maintained because the schematic aeration prevented an outgrowth of XNOB, allowing energy-efficient nitrogen removal using single-stage Anammox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elsayed
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jaecheul Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggy Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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5
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Su B, Liu Q, Liang H, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Liu G, Qiao Z. Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification in an upflow microaerobic membrane bioreactor treating middle concentration of ammonia nitrogen wastewater with low COD/TN ratio. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133832. [PMID: 35124081 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid start-up and operating characteristics of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) process was investigated using synthetic wastewater with a low C/N ratio (COD: NH4+-N = 200 mg/L: 200 mg/L) in a novel upflow microaerobic membrane bioreactor (UMMBR). The average removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N, and TN in the stable phase were 89%, 96%, and 86%, respectively. Carmine granule, which coexisted with sludge floc, appeared on day 83. The high sludge concentration (12.9-17.2 g/L) and the upflow mode of the UMMBR could establish some anaerobicregions for anammox process. The anammox bacteria and short-cut denitrification (NO2-→N2) bacteria with activities of 4.46 mg NH4+-N/gVSS·h and 2.57 mg NO2--N/gVSS·h contributed TN removal of 39% and 61% on day 129, respectively. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA, 49.45% in granule and 17.05% in sludge floc) and ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB, 1.30% in sludge floc) dominated the nitrifying microbial community. Candidatus Jettenia (47.14%) and Denitratisoma (10.92%) mainly existed in granule with positive correlations. Some heterotrophic bacteria (OLB13, SJA-15, 1-20, SBR1031, and SJA-28) in sludge floc benefited system stability and sludge activity and protected Candidatus Jettenia from adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bensheng Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huili Liang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuanjie Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhuangming Qiao
- Shandong Meiquan Environmental Protection Technology CO., Ltd, Shandong, 250002, China
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Liu Y, Han Y, Guo J, Zhang J, Hou Y, Song Y, Lu C, Li H, Zhong Y. New insights of simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) system to Zn(II) exposure: Focus on affecting the regulation of quorum sensing on extracellular electron transfer and microbial metabolism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126602. [PMID: 34953995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, the toxicity responses mechanism of the simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) system to Zn(II) exposure were explored with emphasis on the repressed quorum sensing (QS) regulation on extracellular electron transfer and microbial metabolism. Results showed that Zn(II) accumulated in cells and induced oxidative stress, which led to microbial structure destruction. The increased electron transfer impedance and reduced redox substances (flavin/Cytochrome c) implied that Zn(II) affected electron transfer. The decreased ATP level, dehydrogenase and nitrogen related enzymatic activities showed Zn(II) affected organic matter and nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, combined with Pearson network analysis, Zn(II) exposure disturbed the QS to decrease Acyl Homoserine Lactones (AHLs) secretion responsible for regulating extracellular electron transfer and microbial metabolism, thereby disturbing the performance of the SNAD system. This study provided new insights into the toxicity responses mechanism of the SNAD system to HM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yi Han
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Jianbo Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co.,Ltd., Tianjin 300051, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Caicai Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Haibo Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
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Ismail S, Elreedy A, Fujii M, Ni SQ, Tawfik A, Elsamadony M. Fatigue of anammox consortia under long-term 1,4-dioxane exposure and recovery potential: N-kinetics and microbial dynamics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125533. [PMID: 34030408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure of anammox process to 1,4-dioxane was investigated using periodic anammox baffled reactor (PABR) under different 1,4-dioxane concentrations. The results generally indicated that PABR (composed of 4 compartments) has robust resistance to 10 mg-dioxane/L. The 1st compartment acted as a shield to protect subsequent compartments from 1,4-dioxane toxicity through secretion of high extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of 152.9 mg/gVSS at 10 mg-dioxane/L. However, increasing 1,4-dioxane to 50 mg/L significantly inhibited anammox bacteria; e.g., ~ 93% of total nitrogen removal was lost within 14 days. The inhibition of anammox process at this dosage was most likely due to bacterial cell lysis, resulting in the decrease of EPS secretion and specific anammox activity (SAA) to 105.9 mg/gVSS and 0.04 mg N/gVSS/h, respectively, in the 1st compartment. However, anammox bacteria were successfully self-recovered within 41 days after the cease of 1,4-dioxane exposure. The identification of microbial compositions further emphasized the negative impacts of 1,4-dioxane on abundance of C. Brocadia among samples. Furthermore, the development of genus Planococcus in the 1st compartment, where removal of 1,4-dioxane was consistently observed, highlights its potential role as anoxic 1,4-dioxane degrader. Overall, long-term exposure to 1,4-dioxane should be controlled not exceeding 10 mg/L for a successful application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Ismail
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; Environmental Engineering Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ahmed Elreedy
- Sanitary Engineering Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Manabu Fujii
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elsamadony
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan; Department of Public Works Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, 31521 Tanta City, Egypt
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Lu J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Wang J. Nitrogen removal in recirculating aquaculture water with high dissolved oxygen conditions using the simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123037. [PMID: 32105846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The efficient removal of nitrogen pollutants in the aquaculture systems is still a challenge due to the low concentration of organic carbon and high concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the wastewater. The simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) bioreactor was firstly used for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater in recirculating aquaculture system. The bioreactor operated for 180 days without adding extra organic carbon. After 60-day operation, the bioreactor reached the stable stage with the average concentration of ammonia/nitrate/nitrite/COD in the effluent with 0.26/0.75/0.47/0.27 mg/L. The Pseudoxanthomonas was the dominant genus in the biofilm samples. The typical nitrogen functional bacteria and genes for nitrification, anammox and denitrification were detected with different abundance in different procedures along the bioreactor. Network analysis revealed the significant correlations between nitrogen functional bacteria and genes. The SNAD bioreactor achieved the effective removal for nitrogen and COD under high DO conditions in recirculating aquaculture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, PR China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
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Guo Y, Niu Q, Sugano T, Li YY. Biodegradable organic matter-containing ammonium wastewater treatment through simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox, denitrification and COD oxidization process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136740. [PMID: 32018962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
For both nitrogen and COD removal from biodegradable organic matter (BOM)-containing ammonium wastewater, the simultaneous partial nitritation, anammox, denitrification and COD oxidization (SNADCO) process is a promising solution. In this study, with the stable influent ammonium concentration of 250.0 mg/L (nitrogen loading rate of 0.5 kg/m3/d) and the variation of influent COD/NH4+-N (C/N) ratio from 0.0 to 1.6, the performance of the SNADCO process in a one-stage carrier-packing airlift reactor with continuous mode was investigated for the first time. The results showed that until the C/N ratio of 0.8, both the well nitrogen and COD removal targets could be reached. Mass balance calculations indicated that the average nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 80.9% achieved at the C/N ratio of 0.8 were due to both the anammox and denitrification pathways. Correspondingly, the achieved average COD removal efficiency of 94.6% was attributed to both the denitrification and COD oxidization pathways. Based on the specific sludge activity tests and Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization observation, anammox and denitrification bacteria were mainly distributed in the biofilm sludge, while ammonium oxidizing bacteria and ordinary heterotrophic organisms were mainly in the suspended sludge. At the C/N ratio of 1.6, the washout of suspended sludge became serious while the biofilm sludge was well retained, resulting in inefficient nitritation and a subsequent decrease in NRE. The microbial interaction analysis provided a clear explanation of the performance change of the SNADCO process under different C/N ratios. This research enriches the knowledge of the SNADCO process in BOM-containing ammonium wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Qigui Niu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Takumi Sugano
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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11
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Zhang W, Yu C, Wang X, Hai L. Increased abundance of nitrogen transforming bacteria by higher C/N ratio reduces the total losses of N and C in chicken manure and corn stover mix composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122410. [PMID: 31757616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate how the initial C/N ratio during composting of chicken manure/corn stover mix affected the succession of dominant bacteria in the mix which led to the reduction of the total losses of N and C in the composting process. 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the succession of predominant bacteria was significantly affected by the temperature and the initial C/N ratio during composting. Redundancy analysis showed that higher C/N appeared to promote the relative abundance of nitrogen fixing bacteria Thermoactinomyces, Planifilum, Flavobacterium, Bacillaceae, Pseudomonas,Sphingobacterium, Paenibacillus, Bacillus and Thermobifida, while compressing the denitrifying bacteria Pusillimonas, Ignatzschineria, Alcanivorax, Cerasibacillus, Truepera and Erysipelothrix. C/N ratio of 30:1 yielded the least C/N losses in the composting process, indicating that adjustment to the initial C/N ratio could affect nitrogen transforming bacteria to reduce the total losses of N and C and improve compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenMing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China; Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, USA.
| | - ChenXu Yu
- Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, USA
| | - XuJie Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Long Hai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
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Bhattacharya R, Mazumder D. Kinetic study on nitrification of ammonium nitrogen-enriched synthetic wastewater using activated sludge. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:62-70. [PMID: 32293589 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification of ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N)-bearing synthetic wastewater was performed in a batch-activated sludge reactor by varying the initial ammonium nitrogen concentration up to 400 mg/L at a pH of 8.1 ± 0.2 and temperature of 36 ± 2 °C for developing the process kinetics using acclimatised biomass. Maximum ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency of 98.3% was achieved with initial ammonium nitrogen and mixed liquor suspended solids concentration of 235 mg/L and 2,180 mg/L, respectively, at 48 h batch period. Based on the experimental results, kinetic constants for ammonia nitrogen removal following Monod's approach were obtained as maximum substrate removal rate coefficient = 0.057 per day, yield coefficient = 0.336 mg volatile suspended solids/mg ammonium nitrogen, half velocity constant = 12.95 mg NH4 +-N/L and endogenous decay constant = 0.02 per day. Nitrification is a consecutive reaction with ammonium oxidation as the first step followed by nitrite oxidation. The overall rate of nitrite and nitrate formation was observed to be 1.44 per day and 0.34 per day, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roumi Bhattacharya
- Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India E-mail:
| | - Debabrata Mazumder
- Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India E-mail:
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13
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Zhang D, Su H, Antwi P, Xiao L, Liu Z, Li J. High-rate partial-nitritation and efficient nitrifying bacteria enrichment/out-selection via pH-DO controls: Efficiency, kinetics, and microbial community dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:741-755. [PMID: 31539982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nitrification/denitrification process is gradually being replaced with partial-nitritation/anammox (PN/A) processes due to its installation and running cost. However, high ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria activity as well as optimum out-selection of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are necessary to achieving efficient PN/A process. Consequently, to enhance PN process via nitrifying bacteria enrichment/out-selection within psychrophilic environment, a novel pH-DO (dissolved oxygen) control strategy was proposed and the response of PN, kinetics, AOB enrichment, and NOB out-selection efficiency was investigated during start-up and long-term operation. With DO of 0.7 mg/L and pH of 7.5-7.9, quick start-up of the PN process was established within 34d as NO2--N accumulation ratio (NAR) reached 90.08 ± 1.4%. Again, when NLR was elevated to 0.8 kg/m3·d (400mgNH4+-N/L), DO curtailed to 0.2 mg/L, pH maintained at 7.7 and free ammonium at 6.5 mg/L, NAR and NH4+-N removal rate could still reach 97.04 ± 2.4% and 97.84 ± 1.5%, respectively. After optimum control factors had been established, real nitrogen-rich-mine-wastewater was fed (DO, 0.2 mg/L, pH, 8.9, and free ammonia, 6.5 mg/L) and NAR and NH4+-N removal rate reached was 97.33 ± 0.5% and 97.76 ± 1.1%, respectively. Estimated kinetic parameters including maximum degradation rate (Vmax = 1.58/d), half-rate constant (Km = 33.8 mg/L), and inhibition constant (Ki = 201.6 mg/L) suggested that inhibition on NH4+-N oxidation was most feasible at higher concentration of NH4+-N. To elucidate biological mechanisms, 16S rRNA high-throughput revealed that AOB (Nitrosomonas) enrichment had increased from 0.08% to 49% whereas NOB (Nitrospira) abundance reduced from 1% to 0.034%, indicating pH-DO control efficiently enriched AOB and out-selected NOB. Conversely, when influent NH4+-N was curtailed to about 200 mg/L and free ammonia concentration maintained at 6.5 mg/L, the population of AOB was observably reduced by 6% within a period of 14 days, indicating control strategies including pH-DO control and substrate availability were the key factors which substantially influenced and promoted the activities and growth of AOBs in the present SBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Hao Su
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Philip Antwi
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China.
| | - Longwen Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Zuwen Liu
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
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14
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Chen H, Li A, Cui C, Ma F, Cui D, Zhao H, Wang Q, Ni B, Yang J. AHL-mediated quorum sensing regulates the variations of microbial community and sludge properties of aerobic granular sludge under low organic loading. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104946. [PMID: 31252169 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is promising in wastewater treatment. However, the formation and existence of AGS under low organic loading rate (OLR) is still not fully understood due to a knowledge gap in the variations and correlations of N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), the microbial community, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and other physiochemical granule properties. This study comprehensively investigated the AHL-mediated quorum sensing (QS) and microbial community characters in the AGS fed with ammonium-rich wastewater under a low OLR of 0.15 kg COD (m3 d)-1. The results showed that the AGS appeared within 90 days, and the size of mature granules was over 700 μm with strong settleability and ammonium removal performance. More tightly-bound extracellular polysaccharide and tightly-bound extracelluar protein were produced in the larger AGS. C10-HSL and C12-HSL gradually became dominant in sludge, and short-chain AHLs dominated in water. EPS producers and autotrophic nitrifiers were successfully retained in the AGS under low OLR. AHL-mediated QS utilized C10-HSL, C12-HSL and 3OC6-HSL as the critical AHLs to regulate the TB-EPS in aerobic granulation, and autotrophic nitrifiers may perform interspecific communication with C10-HSL. The correlations of bacterial genera with AGS properties and AHLs were complex due to the dynamic fluctuations of microbial composition and other variable factors in the mixed-culture system. These findings confirmed the participation of AHL-mediated QS in the regulation of microbial community characters and AGS properties under low OLR, which may provide guidance for the operation of AGS systems under low OLR from a microbiological viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chongwei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China; Research Center on Life Sciences and Environmental Sciences, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Heping Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bingjie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
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Zhu A, Chen J, Gao L, Shimizu Y, Liang D, Yi M, Cao L. Combined microbial and isotopic signature approach to identify nitrate sources and transformation processes in groundwater. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:721-734. [PMID: 31071559 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) pollution is a serious problem worldwide. Identification of NO3- sources and transformation processes in aquifers is a key step in effectively controlling and mitigating NO3- contamination. In this study, hydrochemical, microbial, and dual isotopic approaches were integrated to elucidate the sources and processes influencing NO3- contamination in the Pearl River Delta, China. The results showed a severe NO3- contamination, with 75% of the samples having NO3--N concentrations above the WHO standard of 10 mg L-1. The δ15NNO3- and δ18ONO3- values and a multivariate statistical analysis of hydrochemical data both revealed that manure and sewage were mainly responsible for NO3- contamination. Biological indicators further demonstrated that, manure and sewage had greater impacts on groundwater quality during the rainy season than during the dry season. Based on the significant relationships of δ15NNO3- and δ18ONO3- with the logarithmic NO3- concentration (Ln(NO3-)), denitrification was confirmed to occur in the discharge zone during the rainy season. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes were identified as the dominant phyla, and Dechloromonas, Flavobacterium, and Nitrospira were dominant among the denitrifying bacteria in groundwater. The abundance of denitrifying bacteria had significant positive correlations with δ15NNO3- and NO2--N during the rainy season, further confirming the occurrence of denitrification during the rainy season. This study showed that dual isotope techniques combined with microbial data can be a powerful tool for identifying the sources and microbial processes affecting NO3- in groundwater. Moreover, the results can provide useful insights for environmental managers to verify groundwater pollution and better apply remediation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo‑simulation, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jianyao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo‑simulation, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Lei Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo‑simulation, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Yuta Shimizu
- Office for Agricultural Artificial Intelligence Research, Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, 3-5-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dongmei Liang
- Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources of Nanning City, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Ming Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo‑simulation, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Lixiang Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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16
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Wu Z, Xu F, Yang C, Su X, Guo F, Xu Q, Peng G, He Q, Chen Y. Highly efficient nitrate removal in a heterotrophic denitrification system amended with redox-active biochar: A molecular and electrochemical mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 275:297-306. [PMID: 30594840 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is widely used in water treatment because of its porous structure, however, the effects of biochars on denitrification remain unclear. Here, we combined molecular biological and electrochemical techniques to investigate effects of biochars (formed at 300 °C, 500 °C and 800 °C) on denitrification. Results showed that biochar at 300 °C increased total nitrogen removal by 415% and decreased N2O accumulation by 78%. Mechanistic research demonstrated that it achieved the highest electron transfer efficiency and denitrifying enzyme activities. Further study evidenced that biochar at 300 °C increased the abundance of denitrifiers such as Pseudomonas. Correlation analysis indicated that nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activities were the key factors influenced by biochar during denitrification. Overall, this study suggested that biochar at 300 °C could act as the bio-engineer of electron shuttle and the stimulator of denitrification, achieving high rate nitrogen removal and significant reduction of N2O accumulation from high-strength wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengsong Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Xiaoxuan Su
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Fucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qinyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guilong Peng
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China.
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17
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Zhang F, Peng Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Jiang H. Efficient step-feed partial nitrification, simultaneous Anammox and denitrification (SPNAD) equipped with real-time control parameters treating raw mature landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 364:163-172. [PMID: 30359955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An innovative step-feed partial nitrification, simultaneous Anammox and denitrification (SPNAD), equipped with real-time control parameters, achieved efficient nitrogen removal from raw mature landfill leachate. The variables pH and ORP served as real time on-line parameters to flexibly control the durations of aerobic and anoxic. A nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 98.7% and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.23 kg m-3d-1 were obtained at the influent NH4+ -N, SCOD and total nitrogen (TN) of 1000 ± 250 mg L-1, 1100 ± 200 mg L-1, and 1300 ± 75 mg L-1, respectively. Mass balance research demonstrated that Anammox contributed 69.3% to nitrogen removal and denitrification contributed 15.7%. A significant change in the Anammox community structure occurred (ca. Brocadia from 0.26% to 2.13%, ca. Kuenenia from 0.29% to 0.02%). This change is mainly attributed to different kinetic strategies (R-strategist of ca. Brocadia and K-strategist of ca. Kuenenia). Further study revealed the co-existence of functional microorganisms Nitrosomonas (3.0%), Cadidatus-Brocadia (2.13%), and Thauera (25.3%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhai Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Shuying Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Zhong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Hao Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
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18
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Chen F, Li X, Gu C, Huang Y, Yuan Y. Selectivity control of nitrite and nitrate with the reaction of S 0 and achieved nitrite accumulation in the sulfur autotrophic denitrification process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:211-219. [PMID: 29982041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of reaction between S0 and NO2--N or NO3--N in the sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SADN) process were studied using S0 as an electron donor and NO2--N and NO3--N as electron acceptors. The effect of changes in pH and temperature on the processes of NO2--N and NO3--N reduction were also studied to identify the optimum control parameters for strengthening the preference of S0 on NO3--N; thus, achieving the efficient accumulation of NO2--N. The results showed that the affinity of S0 for NO3--N was considerably higher than that for NO2--N. The optimum pH values for the reductions of NO2--N and NO3--N were 7.0 and 8.5, respectively, and both optimum temperatures were 35 °C. By controlling different pH, the NO3--N conversion efficiency reached 90%, at which time the accumulation of NO2--N was more than 95%. Microbial community analysis showed that Thiobacillus, Sulfurimonas, and Thioahalobacter were the main genera in the S0-SADN process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Chenwei Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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19
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Wu N, Zeng M, Zhu B, Zhang W, Liu H, Yang L, Wang L. Impacts of different morphologies of anammox bacteria on nitrogen removal performance of a hybrid bioreactor: Suspended sludge, biofilm and gel beads. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:460-468. [PMID: 29886334 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The difficulties in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process mainly consist of low microbial growth rates and long start-up times of bioreactors. The morphologies of anammox bacteria might affect nitrogen removal performance and microbial community. In this study, three morphologies of anammox bacteria, namely, suspended sludge, biofilm and suspended sludge embedded in gel beads, were compared in a hybrid bioreactor under anoxic conditions (DO concentration < 0.1 mg L-1). The results show that the average total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency of a hybrid bioreactor reached 67 ± 15% with a maximum value of 80% for continuous synthetic wastewater feeding, and that the specific total inorganic nitrogen removal rate reached 15.75 mg·(gVSS·h)-1 regardless of the organic matter stress. Batch tests indicate that mainly suspended sludge (67%) and biofilm (26%) contributed to the anammox process, with the specific total inorganic nitrogen removal rate reaching 10.55 and 4.05 mg·(gVSS·h)-1, respectively. However, the embedding of sludge in gel resulted in nitrification instead of anammox with a nitrification rate of 0.20 ± 0.01 mg·(L·h)-1 due to the expansion of gel beads floating on the water surface. Therefore, a pore-forming technique was developed to produce more channels for gas dispersion inside the gel beads. In terms of microbial community, Candidatus Kuenenia involved in the anammox group was the most abundant genus in biofilm (43.4%) and suspended sludge (15.7%), while Nitrospira occupied the largest proportion in gel beads (25.6%). This study offers useful information for the selection of anammox bacteria morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China.
| | - Baifeng Zhu
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Weiyu Zhang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Haixue Liu
- Laboratory of Agricultural Analysis, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
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Mao Y, Quan X, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Chen S, Liu T. Enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency in a dyestuff wastewater treatment plant with the IFFAS process: the pilot-scale and full-scale studies. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:70-78. [PMID: 29339605 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The activated sludge (AS) process is widely applied in dyestuff wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); however, the nitrogen removal efficiency is relatively low and the effluent does not meet the indirect discharge standards before being discharged into the industrial park's WWTP. Hence it is necessary to upgrade the WWTP with more advanced technologies. Moving bed biofilm processes with suspended carriers in an aerobic tank are promising methods due to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. Herein, a pilot-scale integrated free-floating biofilm and activated sludge (IFFAS) process was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The results showed that the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrate (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of the IFFAS process were significantly lower than those of the AS process, and could meet the indirect discharge standards. PCR-DGGE and FISH results indicated that more nitrifiers and denitrifiers co-existed in the IFFAS system, promoting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Based on the pilot results, the IFFAS process was used to upgrade the full-scale AS process, and the effluent COD, NH4+-N and TN of the IFFAS process were 91-291 mg/L, 10.6-28.7 mg/L and 18.9-48.6 mg/L, stably meeting the indirect discharge standards and demonstrating the advantages of IFFAS in dyestuff wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China E-mail:
| | - Xie Quan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China E-mail:
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China E-mail:
| | - Yaobin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China E-mail:
| | - Shuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China E-mail:
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China E-mail:
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21
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Wen X, Gong B, Zhou J, He Q, Qing X. Efficient simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) system equipped with a real-time dissolved oxygen (DO) intelligent control system and microbial community shifts of different substrate concentrations. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 119:201-211. [PMID: 28460292 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process was studied in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) fed with synthetic wastewater in a range of 2200 mgN/L ∼ 50 mgN/L. Important was an external real-time precision dissolved oxygen (DO) intelligent control system that consisted of feed forward control system and feedback control system. This DO control system permitted close control of oxygen supply according to influent concentration, effluent quality and other environmental factors in the reactor. In this study the operation was divided into six phases according to influent nitrogen applied. SNAD system was successfully set up after adding COD into a CANON system. And the presence of COD enabled the survival of denitrifiers, and made Thauera and Pseudomonas predominant as functional denitrifiers in this system. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequencing were used to analyze the microbial variations of different substrate concentrations. Results indicated that the relative population of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) members decreased when influent ammonia concentration decreased from 2200 mg/L to 50 mg/L, while no dramatic drop of the percent of anammox bacteria was seen. And Nitrosomonas europaea was the predominant AOB in SNAD system treating sewage, while Candidatus Brocadia was the dominant anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Benzhou Gong
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxia Qing
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
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Mao N, Ren H, Geng J, Ding L, Xu K. Engineering application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process in wastewater treatment. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Arriagada C, Guzmán-Fierro V, Giustinianovich E, Alejo-Alvarez L, Behar J, Pereira L, Campos V, Fernández K, Roeckel M. NOB suppression and adaptation strategies in the partial nitrification–Anammox process for a poultry manure anaerobic digester. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhu W, Zhang P, Dong H, Li J. Effect of carbon source on nitrogen removal in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:497-504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Nitrogen removal via simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process under high DO condition. Biodegradation 2016; 27:195-208. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-016-9766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Giustinianovich EA, Campos JL, Roeckel MD. The presence of organic matter during autotrophic nitrogen removal: Problem or opportunity? Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Kallistova AY, Dorofeev AG, Nikolaev YA, Kozlov MN, Kevbrina MV, Pimenov NV. Role of anammox bacteria in removal of nitrogen compounds from wastewater. Microbiology (Reading) 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261716020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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28
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Tomar S, Gupta SK. Investigating the role of co-substrate–substrate ratio and filter media on the performance of anammox hybrid reactor treating nitrogen rich wastewater. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 121:310-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Zhang Q, De Clippeleir H, Su C, Al-Omari A, Wett B, Vlaeminck SE, Murthy S. Deammonification for digester supernatant pretreated with thermal hydrolysis: overcoming inhibition through process optimization. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5595-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Yan L, Zhang S, Hao G, Zhang X, Ren Y, Wen Y, Guo Y, Zhang Y. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by EPSs in aerobic granular sludge enhanced nitrogen removal of ammonium-nitrogen-rich wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:101-6. [PMID: 26706722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) in enhancing nitrogen-removal from ammonium-nitrogen-rich wastewater using aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology were analyzed. AGS enabled ammonium oxidation and denitrification to occur simultaneously. Air stripping and simultaneous nitrification-denitrification contributed to total-nitrogen removal. Clone-library analysis revealed that close relatives of Nitrosomonas eutropha and heterotrophic denitrifiers were dominant in the AGS, whereas anammox bacteria were not detected. EPSs adsorption of ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate nitrogen results in improved removal of nitrogen in batch experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Yan
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Shaoliang Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guoxin Hao
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yan Wen
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yihan Guo
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Prachakittikul P, Wantawin C, Noophan PL, Boonapatcharoen N. ANAMMOX-like performances for nitrogen removal from ammonium-sulfate-rich wastewater in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2015; 51:220-228. [PMID: 26634619 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.1094336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium removal by the ANaerobic AMonium OXidation (ANAMMOX) process was observed through the Sulfate-Reducing Ammonium Oxidation (SRAO) process. The same concentration of ammonium (100 mg N L(-1)) was applied to two anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (AnSBRs) that were inoculated with the same activated sludge from the Vermicelli wastewater treatment process, while nitrite was fed in ANAMMOX and sulfate in SRAO reactors. In SRAO-AnSBR, in substrates that were fed with a ratio of NH4(+)/SO4(2-) at 1:0.4 ± 0.03, a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 48 h and without sludge draining, the Ammonium Removal Rate (ARR) was 0.02 ± 0.01 kg N m(-3).d(-1). Adding specific ANAMMOX substrates to SRAO-AnSBR sludge in batch tests results in specific ammonium and nitrite removal rates of 0.198 and 0.139 g N g(-1) VSS.d, respectively, indicating that the ANAMMOX activity contributes to the removal of ammonium in the SRAO process using the nitrite that is produced from SRAO. Nevertheless, the inability of ANAMMOX to utilize sulfate to oxidize ammonium was also investigated in batch tests by augmenting enriched ANAMMOX culture in SRAO-AnSBR sludge and without nitrite supply. The time course of sulfate in a 24-hour cycle of SRAO-AnSBR showed an increase in sulfate after 6 h. For enriched SRAO culture, the uptake molar ratio of NH4(+)/SO4(2-) at 8 hours in a batch test was 1:0.82 lower than the value of 1:0.20 ± 0.09 as obtained in an SRAO-AnSBR effluent, while the stoichiometric ratio of 1:0.5 that includes the ANAMMOX reaction was in this range. After a longer operation of more than 2 years without sludge draining, the accumulation of sulfate and the reduction of ammonium removal were observed, probably due to the gradual increase in the sulfur denitrification rate and the competitive use of nitrite with ANAMMOX. The 16S rRNA gene PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and PCR cloning analyses resulted in the detection of the ANAMMOX bacterium (Candidatus Brocadia sinica JPN1) Desulfacinum subterraneum belonging to the genus Desulfacinum and bacteria that are involved in sulfur metabolism (Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain SBTPe-001 and Paracoccus denitrificans strain IAM12479) in SRAO-AnSBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pensiri Prachakittikul
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology-Thonburi , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Chalermraj Wantawin
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology-Thonburi , Bangkok , Thailand
- b Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), King Mongkut's University of Technology-Thonburi , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Pongsak Lek Noophan
- c Department of Environmental Engineering , Kasetsart University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Nimaradee Boonapatcharoen
- d Excellent Center of Waste Utilization and Management, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bang Khun Thian , Bangkok , Thailand
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Tomar S, Gupta SK, Mishra BK. A novel strategy for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and organic matter using anaerobic granular sludge in anammox hybrid reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:171-177. [PMID: 26335285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of organic matter (OM) and nitrogen in industrial effluent is the major bottleneck in field-scale application of anammox process. The present study emphasized on investigating the role of seeding anaerobic granular sludge towards simultaneous removal of ammonium and OM in anammox hybrid reactor (AHR). The study delineated simultaneous reduction of both OM (94.8%) and nitrogen (96.8%) at optimal COD/N ratio (0.54). Pearson correlation matrix showed positive and strong correlation of ARE (ammonium removal efficiency) and CRE (COD removal efficiency) with NRE (nitrogen removal efficiency). The negative correlation of OLR and COD/TN ratio with NRE indicated that increase in organic loadings may suppress anammox activity. The process inhibition was evaluated using Haldane model considering free ammonia, OM and nitrite as inhibitors. The strategy of using anaerobic granular sludge not only augmented endurance of bacterial communities against OM inhibition but also facilitated simultaneous removal of OM and nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tomar
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826004, India.
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826004, India
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33
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Tomar S, Gupta SK, Mishra BK. Performance evaluation of the anammox hybrid reactor seeded with mixed inoculum sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 37:1065-1076. [PMID: 26411578 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Long startup and poor granulation are the major bottlenecks in field-scale application of the anammox (ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation) process. In the present study, the anammox process was investigated in a modified anammox hybrid reactor (AHR) inoculated with mixed seed culture (anoxic and activated sludge). The startup study delineated four distinct phases, i.e. cell lysis, lag phase, activity elevation and stationary phase. Use of mixed seed culture at influent [Formula: see text] ratio (1:1) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 d led to early startup of the anammox process. The removal efficiencies of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] during acclimation were found to be 94.3% and 96.4%, respectively, at nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 0.35 kg N/m(3) d. Pearson correlation analysis dictated strong and positive correlation of HRT and sludge retention time (SRT) with nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) while NLR and sludge loading rate (SLR) were negatively correlated. Attached growth system (AGS) in AHR contributed an additional 11% ammonium removal and reduced the sludge washout rate by 29%. Mass balance of nitrogen revealed that the major fraction (74.1%) of input nitrogen was converted into N2 gas indicating higher substrate conversion efficiency of anammox biomass. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) study of biomass indicated the presence of heterogeneous population of cocci and rod-shaped bacteria of average diameter varying from 1.2 to 1.5 mm. Owing to the features of early start-up, ability to retain high biomass and consistently higher NRE, hybrid reactor configuration seeded with mixed culture offers noble strategy for cultivation of well-compacted anammox granules for field-scale installation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tomar
- a Department of Environmental Science & Engineering , Indian School of Mines , Dhanbad , India
| | - Sunil Kumar Gupta
- a Department of Environmental Science & Engineering , Indian School of Mines , Dhanbad , India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- a Department of Environmental Science & Engineering , Indian School of Mines , Dhanbad , India
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, Zhang J. Reactor performance and microbial characteristics of CANON process with step-wise increasing of C/N ratio. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 37:407-414. [PMID: 26227374 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1070921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the nitrogen removal performance and microbial characteristics of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process was investigated with a step-wise increasing of C/N ratio (0.5, 1, 2 and 4) in a membrane bioreactor. The microbial distribution of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic AOB (AAOB) was analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results showed that the denitrification ratio rose up correspondingly with the increase of influent C/N, and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) reached the maximum when C/N was 1 due to the harmonious work of denitrification and CANON. However, NRR decreased when influent C/N was more than 2. The threshold C/N ratio of CANON process was 2.2; so the sewage with a high C/N ratio should be pretreated by combining with pre-oxidation of organics or anaerobic-energy-producing process. FISH results showed decreasing numbers of both AOB and AAOB with the addition of organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- a Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration , School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- b Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhai Liang
- b Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- b Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , People's Republic of China
- c State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , People's Republic of China
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35
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A new mathematical model for nitrogen gas production with special emphasis on the role of attached growth media in anammox hybrid reactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:9245-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhao J, Zuo J, Wang X, Lin J, Yang Y, Zhou J, Chu H, Li P. GeoChip-based analysis of microbial community of a combined nitritation-anammox reactor treating anaerobic digestion supernatant. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 67:345-354. [PMID: 25459223 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A combined nitritation-anammox reactor was established to treat anaerobic digestion supernatant. The reactor achieved a nitrogen loading rate of 0.5 kg N/(m(3)·d) and total nitrogen removal efficiency of 85% after 140 days' operation. To examine the microbial community responsible for the process, GeoChip 4.0, a high-throughput, microarray-based metagenomic tool, was adopted to measure microbial functional potential under different percentages of digestion supernatant. Intriguingly, our results showed that microbial community composition in a stably functioning bioreactor were significantly different under varying environmental conditions. Functional gene diversities decreased with increasing percentages of digestion supernatant. Genes involved in organic remediation and metal resistance were highly abundant, revealing new metabolic potentials in addition to nitrogen and carbon removal. Compared to the significant decrease of genes involved in denitrification and nitrification caused by inhibition of the digestion supernatant, relative abundances of genes for anammox remained relatively stable. This could be partially attributed to the protection of biofilm, which was vital for the stable performance of nitrogen removal. In addition, nitrogen compounds, C/N ratio and the operation parameters (pH and temperature) were the key variables shaping the microbial community, contributing to a total of 76.64% of the variance of the reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiane Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Houjuan Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Detection of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in fish processing effluent treatment plants. Indian J Microbiol 2014; 54:434-8. [PMID: 25320442 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-014-0484-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation is the rate limiting step in nitrification and thus have an important role in removal of ammonia in natural and engineered systems with participation of both ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, their relative distribution and activity in fish processing effluent treatment plants (FPETPs) though significant, is hitherto unreported. Presence of AOA in sludge samples obtained from FPETPs was studied by amplification and sequencing of thaumarchaeal ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (AOA-amoA) gene. Different primer sets targeting 16S rRNA and AOA-amoA gene were used for the detection of AOA in FPETPs. Phylogenetic analysis of the gene revealed that the AOA was affiliated with thaumarchaeal group 1.1a lineage (marine cluster). Quantitative real time PCR of amoA gene was used to study the copy number of AOA and AOB in FPETPs. The AOA-amoA and AOB-amoA gene copy numbers of sludge samples ranged from 2.2 × 10(6) to 4.2 × 10(8) and 1.1 × 10(7) to 8.5 × 10(8) mg(-1) sludge respectively. Primer sets Arch-amoAF/Arch-amoAR and 340F/1000R were found to be useful for the sensitive detection of AOA-amoA and Archaeal 16S rRNA genes respectively in FPETPs. Their presence suggests the widespread occurrence and possible usefulness in removing ammonia from FPETPs which is in line with reports from other waste water treatment plants.
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Liang Y, Li D, Zhang X, Zeng H, Yang Z, Zhang J. Microbial characteristics and nitrogen removal of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process treating low C/N ratio sewage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:103-109. [PMID: 25036337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process was successfully realized for treating low C/N ratio sewage, nitrogen and COD removal achieved to 3.26 kg m(-3) d(-1), 81%, respectively. The nitrogen removal performance, microbial community and distribution of the functional microorganisms were investigated. Results suggested that the presence of COD performed activity inhibition on both aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), and led to the number decreasing of both AerAOB and AnAOB. Even though COD presence resulted in the biodiversity increasing of AerAOB and decreasing of AnAOB, the dominant species were always Nitrosomonas and Candidatus brocadia during the whole experiment. Clone-sequencing of 16S rRNA results suggested the emergence of five different denitrifying species, which then led to a higher nitrogen removal. Results in this study demonstrated that the applied start-up strategy was feasible for SNAD process treating low C/N ratio sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang J, Zhou J, Han Y, Zhang X. Start-up and bacterial communities of single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) for treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:652-657. [PMID: 25105271 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a lab-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was used to start up the single-stage nitrogen removal system using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) process seeding from surplus activated sludge. The volumetric nitrogen loading rate (vNLR) was firstly 0.075 kg N m(-3) d(-1) and then gradually increased to 0.60 kg N m(-3) d(-1). A maximal total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of 0.54 kg N m(-3) d(-1) was achieved by the SNAP process after 132 days operation with NH4(+)-N and TN removal efficiency of 99.4% and 90.5%, respectively. This reactor may have applications for the SNAP process treating high strength ammonia wastewater. And dewatered surplus activated sludge was recommended as the seed sludge for engineering applications. The dominant bacterial strains were Xanthomonas campestris, Nitrosomonas europaea and Ignavibacterium album, corresponding to the percentage of 24%, 22% and 20%, respectively, based on the 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing of the SNAP sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Zhang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Yi Han
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
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40
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Langone M, Yan J, Haaijer SCM, Op den Camp HJM, Jetten MSM, Andreottola G. Coexistence of nitrifying, anammox and denitrifying bacteria in a sequencing batch reactor. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:28. [PMID: 24550899 PMCID: PMC3912432 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated nitrogen removal efficiencies from ammonium-rich wastewaters have been demonstrated by several applications, that combine nitritation and anammox processes. Denitrification will occur simultaneously when organic carbon is also present. In this study, the activity of aerobic ammonia oxidizing, anammox and denitrifying bacteria in a full scale sequencing batch reactor, treating digester supernatants, was studied by means of batch-assays. AOB and anammox activities were maximum at pH of 8.0 and 7.8–8.0, respectively. Short term effect of nitrite on anammox activity was studied, showing nitrite up to 42 mg/L did not result in inhibition. Both denitrification via nitrate and nitrite were measured. To reduce nitrite-oxidizing activity, high NH3-N (1.9–10 mg NH3-N/L) and low nitrite (3–8 mg TNN/L) are required conditions during the whole SBR cycle. Molecular analysis showed the nitritation-anammox sludge harbored a high microbial diversity, where each microorganism has a specific role. Using ammonia monooxygenase α–subunit (amoA) gene as a marker, our analyses suggested different macro- and micro-environments in the reactor strongly affect the AOB community, allowing the development of different AOB species, such as N. europaea/eutropha and N. oligotropha groups, which improve the stability of nitritation process. A specific PCR primer set, used to target the 16S rRNA gene of anammox bacteria, confirmed the presence of the “Ca. Brocadia fulgida” type, able to grow in presence of organic matter and to tolerate high nitrite concentrations. The diversity of denitrifiers was assessed by using dissimilatory nitrite reductase (nirS) gene-based analyses, who showed denitifiers were related to different betaproteobacterial genera, such as Thauera, Pseudomonas, Dechloromonas and Aromatoleum, able to assist in forming microbial aggregates. Concerning possible secondary processes, no n-damo bacteria were found while NOB from the genus Nitrobacter was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Langone
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento Trento, Italy
| | - Jia Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, China
| | - Suzanne C M Haaijer
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Huub J M Op den Camp
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Gianni Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento Trento, Italy
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Anjali G, Sabumon PC. Unprecedented development of anammox in presence of organic carbon using seed biomass from a tannery Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 153:30-38. [PMID: 24333699 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work describes development of a microbial consortium dominant in anammox in presence of organic carbon (available through cell lyses) by employing simple sequencing batch operation in 23 cycles exceeding 400days. Seed biomass from a tannery Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) was enriched for anammox and attained maximum removals of NH4-N (95%) and NO2-N (98%). The anammox was confirmed by nitrogen mass balance in a controlled batch experiment and by DNA extraction-PCR-agarose gel electrophoresis. The effective anammox followed first order reaction kinetics with rate constant of 0.0141/h and half-saturation constant of 10.6mg/L. Evidence for coexistence of denitrification (99% NO2-N removal) and anammox (57.8% NH4-N removal) was demonstrated. This study opens-up possible application of microbial consortium dominant in anammox for simultaneous removal of ammonia and organic carbon from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anjali
- Environmental Engineering Division, School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University Chennai Campus, Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road, Chennai 600127, India.
| | - P C Sabumon
- Environmental Engineering Division, School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University Chennai Campus, Vandalur-Kelambakkam Road, Chennai 600127, India.
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42
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Sun FY, Dong WY, Shao MF, Lv XM, Li J, Peng LY, Wang HJ. Aerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification in a membrane biofilm reactor: treatment performance and the effect of oxygen ventilation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 145:2-9. [PMID: 23582221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic methane-oxidation coupled to denitrification (AME-D) process was successfully achieved in a membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR). PVDF membrane was employed to supply the methane and oxygen for biofilm, which was coexistence of methanotrophs and denitrifier. With a feeding NO3(-)-N of 30 mg/L, up to 97% nitrate could be removed stably. The oxygen ventilation modes impacted the denitrification performance remarkably, resulting in different nitrate removal efficiencies and biofilm microorganism distribution. The biofilm sludge showed a high resistance to the DO inhibition, mainly due to the co-existing methanotroph being capable of utilizing oxygen perferentially within biofilm, and create an anoxic micro-environment. The denitrification of both nitrate and nitrite by biofilm sludge conformed to the Monod equation, and the maximum specific nitrate utilization rate (k) ranged from 1.55 to 1.78 NO3(-)-N/g VSS-d. The research findings should be significant to understand the considerable potential of MBfR as a bioprocess for denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-yun Sun
- ShenZhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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43
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Ni SQ, Zhang J. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation: from laboratory to full-scale application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:469360. [PMID: 23956985 PMCID: PMC3730388 DOI: 10.1155/2013/469360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
From discovery in the early 1990s to completion of full-scale anammox reactor, it took almost two decades to uncover the secret veil of anammox bacteria. There were three milestones during the commercialization of anammox: the development of the first enrichment culture medium, the completion of the first commercial anammox reactor, and the fast start-up of full-scale anammox plant. Till now, the culture of anammox bacteria experienced a big progress through two general strategies: (a) to start up a reactor from scratch and (b) to seed the reactor with enriched anammox sludge. The first full-scale anammox reactor took 3.5 years to realize full operation using the first approach due to several reasons besides the lack of anammox sludge. On the other hand, the first Asian anammox reactor started up in two months, thanks to the availability of anammox seed. Along with the implementation of anammox plants, anammox eventually becomes the priority choice for ammonium wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Qing Ni
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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