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Sardelli L, Campanile M, Boeri L, Donnaloja F, Fanizza F, Perottoni S, Petrini P, Albani D, Giordano C. A novel on-a-chip system with a 3D-bioinspired gut mucus suitable to investigate bacterial endotoxins dynamics. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100898. [PMID: 38204482 PMCID: PMC10776420 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The possible pathogenic impact of pro-inflammatory molecules produced by the gut microbiota is one of the hypotheses considered at the basis of the biomolecular dialogue governing the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Among these molecules, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) produced by Gram-negative gut microbiota strains may have a potential key role due to their toxic effects in both the gut and the brain. In this work, we engineered a new dynamic fluidic system, the MINERVA device (MI-device), with the potential to advance the current knowledge of the biological mechanisms regulating the microbiota-gut molecular crosstalk. The MI-device supported the growth of bacteria that are part of the intestinal microbiota under dynamic conditions within a 3D moving mucus model, with features comparable to the physiological conditions (storage modulus of 80 ± 19 Pa, network mesh size of 41 ± 3 nm), without affecting their viability (∼ 109 bacteria/mL). The integration of a fluidically optimized and user-friendly design with a bioinspired microenvironment enabled the sterile extraction and quantification of the LPS produced within the mucus by bacteria (from 423 ± 34 ng/mL to 1785 ± 91 ng/mL). Compatibility with commercially available Transwell-like inserts allows the user to precisely control the transport phenomena that occur between the two chambers by selecting the pore density of the insert membrane without changing the design of the system. The MI-device is able to provide the flow of sterile medium enriched with LPS directly produced by bacteria, opening up the possibility of studying the effects of bacteria-derived molecules on cells in depth, as well as the assessment and characterization of their effects in a physiological or pathological scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Sardelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Campanile
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Boeri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Donnaloja
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Fanizza
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S. Perottoni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P. Petrini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D. Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Giordano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Palliprath S, Poolakkalody NJ, Ramesh K, Mangalan SM, Kabekkodu SP, Santiago R, Manisseri C. Pretreatment of sugarcane postharvest leaves by γ-valerolactone/water/FeCl3 system for enhanced glucan and bioethanol production. INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2023; 197:116571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
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3
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Song WS, Shin KC, Oh DK. Production of ginsenoside compound K from American ginseng extract by fed-batch culture of Aspergillus tubingensis. AMB Express 2023; 13:64. [PMID: 37356062 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01556-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Compound K (C-K), one of the most bioactive ginsenoside, is produced by hydrolyzing the glycoside moieties of protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type glycosylated ginsenosides in the ginseng extract. To enhance the biotransformation of PPD-type ginsenosides in American ginseng extract (AGE) into C-K, the optimization of the feed type, concentration, and period for the carbon source sucrose and the reactant AGE was performed in fed-batch fermentation of Aspergillus tubingensis using a fermenter. The concentration (3.94 g/L) and productivity (27.4 mg/L/h) of C-K after feed optimization in fed-batch fermentation increased 3.1-fold compared to those (1.29 g/L and 8.96 mg/L/h) in batch fermentation, and a molar conversion of 100% was achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first trial of fed-batch fermentation to convert ginseng extract into deglycosylated ginsenoside and the highest reported C-K concentration and productivity using ginseng extract via fermentation. After ethanol and resin treatments, C-K solids with purities of 59% and 96% were obtained from the fermentation broth as food- and pharmaceutical-grade products, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Seok Song
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-Ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Shin
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-Ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-Ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-Ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Kovács E, Szűcs C, Farkas A, Szuhaj M, Maróti G, Bagi Z, Rákhely G, Kovács KL. Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biogas substrates by filamentous fungi. J Biotechnol 2022; 360:160-170. [PMID: 36273669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Decomposition of lignocellulosic plant biomass by four filamentous fungi was carried out to facilitate subsequent anaerobic degradation and biogas formation. Agricultural side products, wheat straw and corn stover and forestry energy plant willow chips were selected as plant biomass sources. The substrates were confronted by pure cultures of Penicillium aurantiogriseum (new isolate from rumen), Trichoderma reesei (DSM768), Gilbertella persicaria (SZMC11086) and Rhizomucor miehei (SZMC11005). In addition to total cellulolytic filter paper degradation activity, the production of endoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase enzymes were followed during the pretreatment period, which lasted for 10 days at 37 °C. The products of pretreatments were subsequently tested for mesophilic biogas production in batch reactors. All 4 strains effectively pretreated the lignocellulosic substrates albeit in varying degrees, which was related to the level of the tested hydrolytic enzyme activities. Penicillium aurantiogriseum showed outstanding hydrolytic enzyme production and highest biogas yield from the partially degraded substrates. Corn stover was the best substrate for biomass decomposition and biogas production. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the deep penetration of fungal hyphae into the lignocellulosic substrate in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etelka Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csilla Szűcs
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márk Szuhaj
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Maróti
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Bagi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornél L Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dentistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Lenz AR, Balbinot E, de Abreu FP, de Oliveira NS, Fontana RC, de Avila E Silva S, Park MS, Lim YW, Houbraken J, Camassola M, Dillon AJP. Taxonomy, comparative genomics and evolutionary insights of Penicillium ucsense: a novel species in series Oxalica. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2022; 115:1009-1029. [PMID: 35678932 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The genomes of two Penicillium strains were sequenced and studied in this study: strain 2HH was isolated from the digestive tract of Anobium punctatum beetle larva in 1979 and the cellulase hypersecretory strain S1M29, derived from strain 2HH by a long-term mutagenesis process. With these data, the strains were reclassified and insight is obtained on molecular features related to cellulase hyperproduction and the albino phenotype of the mutant. Both strains were previously identified as Penicillium echinulatum and this investigation indicated that these should be reclassified. Phylogenetic and phenotype data showed that these strains represent a new Penicillium species in series Oxalica, for which the name Penicillium ucsense is proposed here. Six additional strains (SFC101850, SFCP10873, SFCP10886, SFCP10931, SFCP10932 and SFCP10933) collected from the marine environment in the Republic of Korea were also classified as this species, indicating a worldwide distribution of this new taxon. Compared to the closely related strain Penicillium oxalicum 114-2, the composition of cell wall-associated proteins of P. ucsense 2HH shows five fewer chitinases, considerable differences in the number of proteins related to β-D-glucan metabolism. The genomic comparison of 2HH and S1M29 highlighted single amino-acid substitutions in two major proteins (BGL2 and FlbA) that can be associated with the hyperproduction of cellulases. The study of melanin pathways shows that the S1M29 albino phenotype resulted from a single amino-acid substitution in the enzyme ALB1, a precursor of the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin biosynthesis. Our study provides important knowledge towards understanding species distribution, molecular mechanisms, melanin production and cell wall biosynthesis of this new Penicillium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Rafael Lenz
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil. .,Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street 2555, Salvador, BA, 41150-000, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Balbinot
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pessi de Abreu
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Nikael Souza de Oliveira
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Scheila de Avila E Silva
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Myung Soo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Institution of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young Woon Lim
- School of Biological Sciences and Institution of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marli Camassola
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias Do Sul, Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street 1130, Caxias do Sul, RS, 95070-560, Brazil
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Valles A, Álvarez-Hornos J, Capilla M, San-Valero P, Gabaldón C. Fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation including in-situ recovery for enhanced butanol production from rice straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:126020. [PMID: 34600316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a study of fed-batch SSFR (simultaneous saccharification, fermentation and recovery) for butanol production from alkaline-pretreated rice straw (RS) in a 2-L stirred tank reactor. The initial solid (9.2% w/v) and enzyme (19.9 FPU g-dw-1) loadings were previously optimized by 50-mL batch SSF assays. Maximum butanol concentration of 24.80 g L-1 was obtained after three biomass feedings that doubled the RS load (18.4% w/v). Butanol productivity (0.344 g L-1h-1) also increased two-fold in comparison with batch SSF without recovery (0.170 g L-1h-1). Although fed-batch SSFR was able to operate with a single initial enzyme dosage, an extra dosage of nutrients was required with the biomass additions to achieve this high productivity. The study showed that SSFR can efficiently improve butanol production from a lignocellulosic biomass accompanied by the efficient use of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejo Valles
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Javier Álvarez-Hornos
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Miguel Capilla
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Pau San-Valero
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carmen Gabaldón
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
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7
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Lenz AR, Galán-Vásquez E, Balbinot E, de Abreu FP, Souza de Oliveira N, da Rosa LO, de Avila e Silva S, Camassola M, Dillon AJP, Perez-Rueda E. Gene Regulatory Networks of Penicillium echinulatum 2HH and Penicillium oxalicum 114-2 Inferred by a Computational Biology Approach. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:588263. [PMID: 33193246 PMCID: PMC7652724 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.588263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium echinulatum 2HH and Penicillium oxalicum 114-2 are well-known cellulase fungal producers. However, few studies addressing global mechanisms for gene regulation of these two important organisms are available so far. A recent finding that the 2HH wild-type is closely related to P. oxalicum leads to a combined study of these two species. Firstly, we provide a global gene regulatory network for P. echinulatum 2HH and P. oxalicum 114-2, based on TF-TG orthology relationships, considering three related species with well-known regulatory interactions combined with TFBSs prediction. The network was then analyzed in terms of topology, identifying TFs as hubs, and modules. Based on this approach, we explore numerous identified modules, such as the expression of cellulolytic and xylanolytic systems, where XlnR plays a key role in positive regulation of the xylanolytic system. It also regulates positively the cellulolytic system by acting indirectly through the cellodextrin induction system. This remarkable finding suggests that the XlnR-dependent cellulolytic and xylanolytic regulatory systems are probably conserved in both P. echinulatum and P. oxalicum. Finally, we explore the functional congruency on the genes clustered in terms of communities, where the genes related to cellular nitrogen, compound metabolic process and macromolecule metabolic process were the most abundant. Therefore, our approach allows us to confer a degree of accuracy regarding the existence of each inferred interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Rafael Lenz
- Unidad Académica Yucatán, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mérida, Mexico
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Edgardo Galán-Vásquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemàticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Balbinot
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pessi de Abreu
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nikael Souza de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassas, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Letícia Osório da Rosa
- Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassas, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Scheila de Avila e Silva
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassas, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- Laboratório de Enzimas e Biomassas, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Perez-Rueda
- Unidad Académica Yucatán, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mérida, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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Abdella A, Segato F, Wilkins MR. Optimization of process parameters and fermentation strategy for xylanase production in a stirred tank reactor using a mutant Aspergillus nidulans strain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 26:e00457. [PMID: 32420050 PMCID: PMC7218019 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In batch fermentation, xylanase productivity was 313 U/mL/day. Maximum xylanase productivity was achieved at aeration of 2 vvm and 400 rpm. The optimum kLa for an efficient xylanase production was found to be 38.5 h−1. Repeated batch fermentation increased xylanase productivity to 373 U/mL/day.
The present work studied the optimization of aeration rate, agitation rate and oxygen transfer and the use of various batch fermentation strategies for xylanase production from a recombinant Aspergillus nidulans strain in a 3 L stirred tank reactor. Maximum xylanase production of 1250 U/mL with productivity of 313 U/mL/day was obtained under an aeration rate of 2 vvm and an agitation rate of 400 rpm using batch fermentation. The optimum volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) for efficient xylanase production was found to be 38.6 h−1. Fed batch mode and repeated batch fermentation was also performed with kLa was 38.6 h−1. Xylanase enzyme productivity increased to 327 with fed batch fermentation and 373 U/mL/day with repeated batch fermentation. Also, maximum xylanase activity increased to 1410 U/mL with fed batch fermentation and 1572 U/mL with repeated batch fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Abdella
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, PO Box 79, Sadat City, 22857 Egypt
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3605 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0726 USA
- Industrial Agricultural Products Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3605 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0730 USA
| | - Fernando Segato
- Synthetic and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, s/n, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Mark R. Wilkins
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3605 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0726 USA
- Industrial Agricultural Products Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 3605 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0730 USA
- Department of Food Science and Technology, 1901 N 21stSt. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-6205 USA
- Corresponding author at: University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 211 Chase Hall, PO Box 830726, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0726 USA.
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Liu F, Wang Z, Manglekar RR, Geng A. Enhanced cellulase production through random mutagenesis of Talaromyces pinophilus OPC4-1 and fermentation optimization. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Baral P, Jain L, Kurmi AK, Kumar V, Agrawal D. Augmented hydrolysis of acid pretreated sugarcane bagasse by PEG 6000 addition: a case study of Cellic CTec2 with recycling and reuse. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:473-482. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Jain L, Kurmi AK, Agrawal D. Benchmarking hydrolytic potential of cellulase cocktail obtained from mutant strain of Talaromyces verruculosus IIPC 324 with commercial biofuel enzymes. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:23. [PMID: 30622861 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to benchmark the hydrolytic potential of cellulase cocktail obtained from stable mutant UV-8 of Talaromyces verruculosus IIPC 324 (NFCCI 4117) with three commercially available cellulases. With two experimental approaches, acid-pretreated sugarcane bagasse was subjected to hydrolysis for 72 h, where all the enzymes were dosed on the basis of common protein or common cellulase activity /g cellulose content. Concentrated fungal enzyme (CFE) of mutant UV-8 resulted in ~ 59% and 55% saccharification of acid-pretreated sugarcane bagasse after 72 h at 55 °C and pH 4.5 with respect to reducing sugar release, when dosed at 25 mg protein/g and 500 IU CMC'ase/g cellulose, respectively. On the other hand, at similar dosages, the performance of Cellic CTec2 was best resulting in 77% and 66% saccharification, respectively. When enzyme desorption studies were undertaken by carrying out cellulase activities in saccharified broth after 72 h CFE of UV-8 emerged as the best cellulase cocktail. A minimum of 90% endoglucanase and 60% cellobiohydrolase I was successfully desorbed from residual biomass, thereby increasing the probability of enzyme recycle and reuse for next round of hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavika Jain
- 1Biotechnology Conversion Area, Biofuels Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, 248005 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Kurmi
- 1Biotechnology Conversion Area, Biofuels Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, 248005 India
| | - Deepti Agrawal
- 1Biotechnology Conversion Area, Biofuels Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, 248005 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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12
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Fernandes TG, López JA, Silva LA, Polizeli MDLTM, Silva DP, Ruzene DS, Carvalho MLS, Carvalho ÍF. Prospecting of soybean hulls as an inducer carbon source for the cellulase production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:743-749. [PMID: 30265206 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1508039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellulases constitute an enzymatic complex involved in the cellulose hydrolysis β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages to release of glucose. Therefore, its application to degrade agro-industrial residues becomes relevant, since glucose is a product of industrial interest, aiming at its conversion into biocommodity production (e.g., enzymes, bioethanol and other value-added biochemicals). Thus, in natura Soybean hulls as well as fractions obtained from its alkaline, autohydrolysis and organosolv pretreatments were used as carbon sources in submerged fermentation processes to evaluate the cellulase-inducing capacity using a Penicillium sp. strain. Results showed an inductive effect on the production of 0.130 and 0.066 U/mL for CMCase and FPase, respectively, using 1% of the in natura residue. Regarding the fraction obtained from soybean hulls pretreated by autohydrolysis and organosolv, avicelase and β-Glucosidase displayed a production of 0.200 and 0.550 U/mL, respectively. Therefore, the use of pretreated Soybean hull revealed its potential as an alternative carbon source for the cellulase production, which may contribute significantly to biotechnological purposes by adding value to an agro-industrial residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayná G Fernandes
- a Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso , Tangará da Serra , MT , Brasil
| | - Jorge A López
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia Industrial , Universidade Tiradentes/Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa , Aracaju , SE , Brasil
| | - Luana A Silva
- c Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE , Brasil
| | - Maria de Lourdes T M Polizeli
- d Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
| | - Daniel P Silva
- c Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE , Brasil
| | - Denise S Ruzene
- c Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE , Brasil
| | - Maurecilne L S Carvalho
- a Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso , Tangará da Serra , MT , Brasil
| | - Ílio F Carvalho
- a Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso , Tangará da Serra , MT , Brasil
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Kumar V, Shukla P. Extracellular xylanase production from T. lanuginosus VAPS24 at pilot scale and thermostability enhancement by immobilization. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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14
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Hernández C, Milagres AMF, Vázquez-Marrufo G, Muñoz-Páez KM, García-Pérez JA, Alarcón E. An ascomycota coculture in batch bioreactor is better than polycultures for cellulase production. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 63:467-478. [PMID: 29423709 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Efficient hydrolysis of holocellulose depends on a proper balance between cellulase (endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase) and xylanase activities. The present study aimed to induce the production of cellulases and xylanases using liquid cultures (one, two, three, and four fungal strains on the same bioreactor) of wild strains of Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum. The strains were identified by amplification and analysis of the ITS rDNA region and the obtained sequences were deposited in Genbank. Enzymes (endoglucanase, exoglucansae, β-glucosidase, and xylanase activities) and the profile of extracellular protein isoforms (SDS-PAGE) produced by different fungal combinations (N = 14) were analyzed by Pearson's correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA). According to our results, induction of endoglucanase (19.02%) and β-glucosidase (6.35%) were obtained after 4 days when A. niger and F. oxysporum were cocultured. The combination of A. niger-T. harzianum produced higher endoglucanase in a shorter time than monocultures. On the contrary, when more than two strains were cultured in the same reactor, the relationships of competition were established, trending to diminish the amount of enzymes and the extracellular protein isoforms produced. The xylanase production was sensible to stress produced by mixed cultures, decreasing their activity. This is important when the aim is to produce cellulase-free xylanase. In addition, exoglucanase activity did not change in the combinations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hernández
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida de las culturas veracruzanas no. 101, colonia Emiliano Zapata, 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Adriane M F Milagres
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Escola de engenharia de Lorena (EEL), Universidade de São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho s/n - Pte Nova, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Gerardo Vázquez-Marrufo
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología (CMEB), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Calle Morelia-Zinapecuaro Km 9.5, colonia La Palma, 58262, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Karla María Muñoz-Páez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Procesos Avanzados de Tratamiento de Aguas, Unidad Académica Juriquilla, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - José Antonio García-Pérez
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad Veracruzana, Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán, Zona Universitaria, 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Enrique Alarcón
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Avenida de las culturas veracruzanas no. 101, colonia Emiliano Zapata, 91090, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
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Han X, Liu G, Song W, Qin Y, Qu Y. Continuous feeding of spent ammonium sulphite liquor improves the production and saccharification performance of cellulase by Penicillium oxalicum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:984-992. [PMID: 28946207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spent ammonium sulphite liquor (SASL) is the main effluent from the ammonium sulphite pulping process, and contains amounts of lignocellulosic oligomers, monosaccharides and ammonium salts. The effect of continuous SASL-feeding on cellulase production by Penicillium oxalicum was studied. With a rate-varying feeding strategy, the maximal filter paper enzyme (FPase) activity reached 17.66U/mL at 144h, and the specific FPase activity increased from 1.74U/mg (without SASL) to 2.40U/mg. Accordingly, the glucan hydrolysis conversion of delignified corn cob residue by the enzymes from continuous SASL-feeding fermentation was significantly higher than that without SASL at equal protein loadings. Comparative proteomic analysis demonstrated that the proteins involved in lignocellulose degradation were specifically up-regulated in the crude cellulase with SASL-feeding. The obtained crude enzyme was efficient in the hydrolysis of pulping products, with a glucan conversion of 81.87% achieved after 72h saccharification of ammonium sulphite pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenxia Song
- School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Wang B, Jiang L, Bai H, Yong Q, Yu S. Regular enzyme recovery enhances cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei in fed-batch culture. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1493-1498. [PMID: 28612265 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To protect the enzymes during fed-batch cellulase production by means of partial enzyme recovery at regular intervals. RESULTS Extracellular enzymes were partially recovered at the intervals of 1, 2, or 3 days. Mycelia were also removed to avoid contamination. Increases in the total harvested cellulase (24-62%) and β-glucosidase (22-76%) were achieved. In fermentor cultivation when the enzymes were recovered every day with 15% culture broth. The total harvested cellulase and β-glucosidase activity increased by 43 and 58%, respectively, with fungal cell concentration maintained at 3.5-4.5 g l-1. CONCLUSION Enzyme recovery at regular intervals during fed-batch cellulase cultivation could protect the enzyme in the culture broth and enhance the enzyme production when the fungal cell concentration is maintained in a reasonable range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hechao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shiyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Costa PDS, Robl D, Costa IC, Lima DJDS, Costa AC, Pradella JGDC. Potassium biphthalate buffer for pH control to optimize glycosyl hydrolase production in shake flasks using filamentous fungi. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20170342s20150522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia dos Santos Costa
- Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazil; State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Diogo Robl
- Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazil; University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
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Han X, Song W, Liu G, Li Z, Yang P, Qu Y. Improving cellulase productivity of Penicillium oxalicum RE-10 by repeated fed-batch fermentation strategy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 227:155-163. [PMID: 28013132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Medium optimization and repeated fed-batch fermentation were performed to improve the cellulase productivity by P. oxalicum RE-10 in submerged fermentation. First, Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and central composite design (CCD) were used to optimize the medium for cellulase production. PBD demonstrated wheat bran and NaNO3 had significant influences on cellulase production. The CCD results showed the maximum filter paper activity (FPA) production of 8.61U/mL could be achieved in Erlenmeyer flasks. The maximal FPA reached 12.69U/mL by submerged batch fermentation in a 7.5-L stirred tank, 1.76-fold higher than that on the original medium. Then, the repeated fed-batch fermentation strategy was performed successfully for increasing the cellulase productivity from 105.75U/L/h in batch fermentation to 158.38U/L/h. The cellulase activity and the glucan conversion of delignined corn cob residue hydrolysis had no significant difference between the enzymes sampled from different cycles of the repeated fed-batch fermentation and that from batch culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenxia Song
- School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Piao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Characterization of Xylanase and Cellulase Produced by a Newly Isolated Aspergillus fumigatus N2 and Its Efficient Saccharification of Barley Straw. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:559-569. [PMID: 27914020 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus N2 was isolated from decaying wood. This strain produces extracellular xylanases and cellulases. The highest xylanase (91.9 U/mL) and CMCase (5.61 U/mL) activity was produced when 1% barley straw was used as the carbon source. The optimum pH and temperature for xylanase activity were 6.0 and 65 °C, respectively. CMCase revealed maximum activity at pH 4.0 and in the range of 65 °C. The FPase was optimally active at pH 5.0 and 60 °C. The zymograms produced by the SDS-PAGE resolution of the crude enzymes indicated that multiple enzymes were secreted into the fermentation supernatant. Five bands of proteins with xylanase activity and four bands of proteins with endoglucanase were observed in the zymogram gel. The crude enzymes were used in the barley straw saccharification; an additive effect was observed when the commercial cellulase was added as supplement.
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Prasad Uday US, Bandyopadhyay TK, Goswami S, Bhunia B. Optimization of physical and morphological regime for improved cellulase free xylanase production by fed batch fermentation using Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1) and its application in bio-bleaching. Bioengineered 2016; 8:137-146. [PMID: 27780405 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1218580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological and morphological changes were extensively studied during fed batch fermentation using newly isolated Aspergillus niger (KP874102.1). Significantly higher xylanase production was possible through optimization of environmental stresses by fed batch process. The fed batch fermentation was carried out for improved xylanase production (2524 U) where initial xylan was kept 1.5 g/L in the production medium. However, 3 g/L of xylan with 50 mM K2HPO4 having pH-7 was consecutively fed at 72 and 120 h of fermentation. K2HPO4 showed significant role both the morphology of the microorganism and produces enzymes in fed batch fermentation. During feeding phase, the pH was found in the range of 6.5 to 7 which was used as marker for the fed batch process. The crude enzyme was used for the bio-bleaching of banana pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saswata Goswami
- b Department of Biotechnology , Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra , Ranchi , India
| | - Biswanath Bhunia
- c Department of Bioengineering , National Institute of Technology , Agartala , India
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Li Y, Liu C, Bai F, Zhao X. Overproduction of cellulase by Trichoderma reesei RUT C30 through batch-feeding of synthesized low-cost sugar mixture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:503-10. [PMID: 27268435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellulase is a prerequisite for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass, but its high cost presents the biggest challenge. In this article, low-cost mixture was produced from glucose through the transglycosylation reaction catalyzed by β-glucosidase for cellulase overproduction by Trichodema reesei RUT C30. As a result, cellulase titer of 90.3FPU/mL, which was more than 10 folds of that achieved with lactose as inducer, was achieved at 144h. Meanwhile, cellulase productivity was drastically increased to 627.1FPU/L/h, at least 3-5 folds higher than previously reported by the fungal species. The crude enzyme was further tested by hydrolyzing NaOH-pretreated corn stover with 15% solid loading, and 96.6g/L glucose was released with 92.6% sugar yield at 96h and 44.8g/L ethanol was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Chenguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism & School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Fengwu Bai
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism & School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xinqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism & School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Menegol D, Fontana RC, Dillon AJP, Camassola M. Second-generation ethanol production from elephant grass at high total solids. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:280-290. [PMID: 27023383 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic hydrolysis of Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) was evaluated at high total solid levels (from 4% to 20% (w/v)) in a concomitant ball milling treatment in a rotating hydrolysis reactor (RHR). The greatest glucose yield was 20.17% when 4% (w/v) untreated biomass was employed. When sugars obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis were submitted to fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the greatest ethanol yield was 22.61% when 4% (w/v) untreated biomass was employed; however, the highest glucose concentration (12.47g/L) was obtaining using 20% (w/v) solids and highest ethanol concentration (6.1g/L) was obtained using 16% (w/v) solids. When elephant grass was hydrolyzed in the rotating hydrolysis reactor, ethanol production was about double that was produced when the biomass was hydrolyzed in a static reactor (SR). These data indicate that it is possible to produce ethanol from elephant grass when milling treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are performed at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Menegol
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselei Claudete Fontana
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Aldo José Pinheiro Dillon
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Marli Camassola
- University of Caxias do Sul, Laboratory of Enzymes and Biomass, 1130 Francisco Getúlio Vargas Street, 95070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
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Influence of different chemical pretreatments of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) used as a substrate for cellulase and xylanase production in submerged cultivation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1455-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Enhancement of Penicillium echinulatum glycoside hydrolase enzyme complex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:627-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The enhancement of enzyme complex produced by Penicillium echinulatum grown in several culture media components (bagasse sugarcane pretreated by various methods, soybean meal, wheat bran, sucrose, and yeast extract) was studied to increment FPase, xylanase, pectinase, and β-glucosidase enzyme activities. The present results indicated that culture media composed with 10 g/L of the various bagasse pretreatment methods did not have any substantial influence with respect to the FPase, xylanase, and β-glucosidase attained maximum values of, respectively, 2.68 FPU/mL, 2.04, and 115.4 IU/mL. On the other hand, proposed culture media to enhance β-glucosidase production composed of 10 g/L steam-exploded bagasse supplemented with soybean flour 5.0 g/L, yeast extract 1.0 g/L, and sucrose 10.0 g/L attained, respectively, 3.19 FPU/mL and 3.06 IU/mL while xylanase was maintained at the same level. The proteomes obtained from the optimized culture media for enhanced FPase, xylanase, pectinase, and β-glucosidase production were analyzed using mass spectrometry and a panel of GH enzyme activities against 16 different substrates. Culture medium designed to enhance β-glucosidase activity achieved higher enzymatic activities values (13 measured activities), compared to the culture media for FPase/pectinase (9 measured activities) and xylanase (7 measured activities), when tested against the 16 substrates. Mass spectrometry analyses of secretome showed a consistent result and the greatest number of spectral counts of Cazy family enzymes was found in designed β-glucosidase culture medium, followed by FPase/pectinase and xylanase. Most of the Cazy identified protein was cellobiohydrolase (GH6 and GH7), endoglucanase (GH5), and endo-1,4-β-xylanase (GH10). Enzymatic hydrolysis of hydrothermally pretreated sugarcane bagasse performed with β-glucosidase enhanced cocktail achieved 51.4 % glucose yield with 10 % w/v insoluble solids at enzyme load of 15 FPU/g material. Collectively the results demonstrated that it was possible to rationally modulate the GH activity of the enzymatic complex secreted by P. echinulatum using adjustment of the culture medium composition. The proposed strategy may contribute to increase enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials.
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Delabona PDS, Lima DJ, Robl D, Rabelo SC, Farinas CS, Pradella JGDC. Enhanced cellulase production by Trichoderma harzianum by cultivation on glycerol followed by induction on cellulosic substrates. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 43:617-26. [PMID: 26883662 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of glycerol obtained as an intermediate of the biodiesel manufacturing process as carbon source for microbial growth is a potential alternative strategy for the production of enzymes and other high-value bioproducts. This work evaluates the production of cellulase enzymes using glycerol for high cell density growth of Trichoderma harzianum followed by induction with a cellulosic material. Firstly, the influence of the carbon source used in the pre-culture step was investigated in terms of total protein secretion and fungal morphology. Enzymatic productivity was then determined for cultivation strategies using different types and concentrations of carbon source, as well as different feeding procedures (batch and fed-batch). The best strategy for cellulase production was then further studied on a larger scale using a stirred tank bioreactor. The proposed strategy for cellulase production, using glycerol to achieve high cell density growth followed by induction with pretreated sugarcane bagasse, achieved enzymatic activities up to 2.27 ± 0.37 FPU/mL, 106.40 ± 8.87 IU/mL, and 9.04 ± 0.39 IU/mL of cellulase, xylanase, and β-glucosidase, respectively. These values were 2 times higher when compared to the control experiments using glucose instead of glycerol. This novel strategy proved to be a promising approach for improving cellulolytic enzymes production, and could potentially contribute to adding value to biomass within the biofuels sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila da Silva Delabona
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, CTBE, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil. .,Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Deise Juliana Lima
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, CTBE, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Diogo Robl
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, CTBE, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Sarita Cândida Rabelo
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, CTBE, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Sanchez Farinas
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.,Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - José Geraldo da Cruz Pradella
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory, CTBE, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
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Li P, Sun H, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhu T. Construction of efficient xylose utilizing Pichia pastoris for industrial enzyme production. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:22. [PMID: 25889970 PMCID: PMC4342868 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cellulosic biomass especially agricultural/wood residues can be utilized as feedstock to cost-effectively produce fuels, chemicals and bulk industrial enzymes, which demands xylose utilization from microbial cell factories. While previous works have made significant progress in improving microbial conversion of xylose into fuels and chemicals, no study has reported the engineering of efficient xylose utilizing protein expression systems for the purpose of producing industrial enzymes. Results In this work, using Pichia pastoris as an example, we demonstrated the successful engineering of xylose metabolizing ability into of protein expression systems. A heterologous XI (xylose isomerase) pathway was introduced into P. pastoris GS115 by overexpressing the Orpinomyces spp. XI or/and the endogenous XK (xylulokinase) gene, and evolutionary engineering strategies were also applied. Results showed that the XI pathway could be functionally expressed in P. pastoris. After 50 generation of sequential batch cultivation, a set of domesticated recombinant P. pastoris strains with different performance metrics on xylose were obtained. One evolved strain showed the highest xylose assimilation ability, whose cell yield on xylose can even be comparable to that on glucose or glycerol. This strain also showed significantly increased β-mannanase production when cultured on xylose medium. Furthermore, transcription analysis of xylose pathway genes suggested that overexpression of XI and XK might be the key factors affecting effective xylose assimilation. Conclusions To our best knowledge, this study is the first work demonstrating the construction of efficient xylose utilizing P. pastoris strains, thus providing a basis for using cellulosic biomass for bulk industrial enzyme production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hongbing Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Zao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Yin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Taicheng Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Gasparotto JM, Werle LB, Foletto EL, Kuhn RC, Jahn SL, Mazutti MA. Production of cellulolytic enzymes and application of crude enzymatic extract for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:560-72. [PMID: 25331378 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the optimal conditions for production of cellulolytic enzymes by Trichoderma reesei NRRL-6156 using the solid-state fermentation were assessed in conical flasks and validated in a packed-bed bioreactor. Afterwards, the crude enzymatic extract obtained in the optimized condition was used for hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in water and ultrasound baths. The enzyme activities determined in this work were filter paper, exocellulase, endocellulase, and xylanase. The optimized condition for production was moisture content 68.6 wt% and soybean bran concentration 0.9 wt%. The crude enzymatic extract was applied for hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, being obtained 224.0 and 229 g kg(-1) at temperature of 43.4 °C and concentration of enzymatic extract of 18.6 % in water and ultrasound baths, respectively. The yields obtained are comparable to commercial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Machado Gasparotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil
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Effect of different pretreatment of sugar cane bagasse on cellulase and xylanases production by the mutant Penicillium echinulatum 9A02S1 grown in submerged culture. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:720740. [PMID: 24967394 PMCID: PMC4054947 DOI: 10.1155/2014/720740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The main limitation to the industrial scale hydrolysis of cellulose is the cost of cellulase production. This study evaluated cellulase and xylanase enzyme production by the cellulolytic mutant Penicillium echinulatum 9A02S1 using pretreated sugar cane bagasse as a carbon source. Most cultures grown with pretreated bagasse showed similar enzymatic activities to or higher enzymatic activities than cultures grown with cellulose or untreated sugar cane bagasse. Higher filter paper activity (1.253 ± 0.147 U · mL(-1)) was detected in the medium on the sixth day of cultivation when bagasse samples were pretreated with sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, and anthraquinone. Endoglucanase enzyme production was also enhanced by pretreatment of the bagasse. Nine cultures grown with bagasse possessed higher β -glucosidase activities on the sixth day than the culture grown with cellulose. The highest xylanase activity was observed in cultures with cellulose and with untreated sugar cane bagasse. These results indicate that pretreated sugar cane bagasse may be able to serve as a partial or total replacement for cellulose in submerged fermentation for cellulase production using P. echinulatum, which could potentially reduce future production costs of enzymatic complexes capable of hydrolyzing lignocellulosic residues to form fermented syrups.
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