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Metaproteomics reveals enzymatic strategies deployed by anaerobic microbiomes to maintain lignocellulose deconstruction at high solids. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3870. [PMID: 35790765 PMCID: PMC9256739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractEconomically viable production of cellulosic biofuels requires operation at high solids loadings—on the order of 15 wt%. To this end we characterize Nature’s ability to deconstruct and utilize mid-season switchgrass at increasing solid loadings using an anaerobic methanogenic microbiome. This community exhibits undiminished fractional carbohydrate solubilization at loadings ranging from 30 g/L to 150 g/L. Metaproteomic interrogation reveals marked increases in the abundance of specific carbohydrate-active enzyme classes. Significant enrichment of auxiliary activity family 6 enzymes at higher solids suggests a role for Fenton chemistry. Stress-response proteins accompanying these reactions are similarly upregulated at higher solids, as are β-glucosidases, xylosidases, carbohydrate-debranching, and pectin-acting enzymes—all of which indicate that removal of deconstruction inhibitors is important for observed undiminished solubilization. Our work provides insights into the mechanisms by which natural microbiomes effectively deconstruct and utilize lignocellulose at high solids loadings, informing the future development of defined cultures for efficient bioconversion.
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Microwave-assisted extraction and gas chromatographic determination of thirty priority micropollutants in biowaste fraction derived from municipal solid waste for material recovery in the circular-economy approach. Talanta 2022; 241:123268. [PMID: 35121537 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
European and national waste directives prioritize recycling of wastes, as well as material and energy recovery from wastes themselves. Bio-waste fraction can be converted into new resources whose quality is strictly dependent upon that of waste feedstock. Methods to evaluate the contamination from organic micropollutants in bio-waste are rarely investigated. The aim of this work was to develop an innovative analytical method for the extraction and quantification of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 14 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, including dioxin-like compounds) in bio-waste. Through a full-factorial experimental design, a microwave-assisted extraction technique was optimized to extract the thirty targeted micropollutants, studying the effect of cyclohexane and dichloromethane as extraction solvents with or without acetone, and of extraction temperature. Purification of the extract was obtained by a silica-based solid-phase extraction cartridge, followed by a sulfuric acid treatment. The analysis was carried out by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The optimized method, validated directly in the bio-waste matrix fortified with isotopically marked surrogates, is characterized by good extraction recoveries, included within 47 and 106% (relative standard deviations <10%), by satisfactory intra-day (<1.1%) and inter-day (<9.3%) precision, and by low matrix effect (<17%), despite the complexity of the matrix. The optimized procedure, applied to the analysis of PAHs and PCBs in a bio-waste sample collected from a local anaerobic digestion and composting plant, showed a total PAHs content of 562 μg/kg. As regards PCBs, the dioxin-like congener PCB 118 was the only compound quantified (25 ± 6 μg kg-1).
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Xu X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Li Y. Bioaugmentation improves batch psychrophilic anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure and corn straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126118. [PMID: 34653629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low temperatures result in poor anaerobic digestion (AD). To investigate whether bioaugmentation can improve anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure and corn straw at 20 °C, five different doses of methanogenic propionate-degrading culture (4%, 8%, 12%, 14%, and 16%) were added to batch AD systems to compare bioaugmentation performance. The results showed that the methane production of all the bioaugmented digesters was enhanced compared to the control, increasing 2.80-4.20-fold with digestion times (T80) shorter by 11-22 d. The recommended dose for biogas production was 14%, and the recommended dose for the highest bioaugmentation efficiency of microbes was 4%. These improvements were due to the addition of methanogenic propionate-degrading culture, which alleviated volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation, especially that of acetate and propionate. Metagenomic sequencing analysis indicated that the increased proportion of propionate-oxidizing bacteria, syntrophic butyrate-oxidizing bacteria, and acetoclastic methanogens in bioaugmentation reactors may be responsible for better AD performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Xu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Ravindran B, Karmegam N, Yuvaraj A, Thangaraj R, Chang SW, Zhang Z, Kumar Awasthi M. Cleaner production of agriculturally valuable benignant materials from industry generated bio-wastes: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124281. [PMID: 33099155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bio-wastes from different agro-based industries are increasing at a rapid rate with the growing human population's demand for the products. The industries procure raw materials largely from agriculture, finish it with the required major product, and produce huge bio-wastes which are mostly disposed unscientifically. This creates serious environmental problems and loss of resources and nutrients. Traditional bio-wastes disposal possess several demerits which again return with negative impact over the eco-system. Anaerobic digestion, composting, co-composting, and vermicomposting are now-a-days given importance due to the improved and modified methods with enhanced transformation of bio-wastes into suitable soil amendments. The advanced and modified methods like biochar assisted composting and vermicomposting is highlighted with the updated knowledge in the field. Hence, the present study has been carried to compile the effective and efficient methods of utilizing industry generated bio-wastes for circularity between agriculture - industrial sectors to promote sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S W Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Nordell E, Moestedt J, Österman J, Shakeri Yekta S, Björn A, Sun L, Schnürer A. Post-treatment of dewatered digested sewage sludge by thermophilic high-solid digestion for pasteurization with positive energy output. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 119:11-21. [PMID: 33032154 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the possibility to use thermophilic anaerobic high solid digestion of dewatered digested sewage sludge (DDS) at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) as a measure to increase total methane yield, achieve pasteurization and reduce risk for methane emissions during storage of the digestate. A pilot-scale plug-flow reactor was used to mimic thermophilic post-treatment of DDS from a WWTP in Linköping, Sweden. Process operation was evaluated with respect to biogas process performance, using both chemical and microbiological parameters. Initially, the process showed disturbance, with low methane yields and high volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. However, after initiation of digestate recirculation performance improved and the specific methane production reached 46 mL CH4/g VS. Plug flow conditions were assessed with lithium chloride and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was determined to be 19-29 days, sufficient to reach successful pasteurization. Degradation rate of raw protein was high and resulted in ammonia-nitrogen levels of up to 2.0 g/L and a 30% lower protein content in the digestate as compared to DDS. Microbial analysis suggested a shift in the methane producing pathway, with dominance of syntrophic acetate oxidation and the candidate methanogen family WSA2 by the end of the experiment. Energy balance calculations based on annual DDS production of 10000 ton/year showed that introduction of high-solid digestion as a post-treatment and pasteurization method would result in a positive energy output of 340 MWh/year. Post-digestion of DDS also decreased residual methane potential (RMP) by>96% compared with fresh DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nordell
- Tekniska verken i Linköping AB, Department of Biogas R&D, Box 1500, SE-581 15 Linköping, Sweden; Biogas Research Center, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - J Moestedt
- Tekniska verken i Linköping AB, Department of Biogas R&D, Box 1500, SE-581 15 Linköping, Sweden; Biogas Research Center, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Thematic Studies Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - J Österman
- Tekniska verken i Linköping AB, Department of Biogas R&D, Box 1500, SE-581 15 Linköping, Sweden
| | - S Shakeri Yekta
- Biogas Research Center, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Thematic Studies Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Björn
- Biogas Research Center, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Thematic Studies Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - L Sun
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - A Schnürer
- Biogas Research Center, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Thematic Studies Environmental Change, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Molecular Sciences, Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Dyksma S, Gallert C. Candidatus Syntrophosphaera thermopropionivorans: a novel player in syntrophic propionate oxidation during anaerobic digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 11:558-570. [PMID: 30985964 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Propionate is an important intermediate in the anaerobic mineralization of organic matter. In methanogenic environments, its degradation relies on syntrophic associations between syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacteria (SPOB) and Archaea. However, only 10 isolated species have been identified as SPOB so far. We report syntrophic propionate oxidation in thermophilic enrichments of Candidatus Syntrophosphaera thermopropionivorans, a novel representative of the candidate phylum Cloacimonetes. In enrichment culture, methane was produced from propionate, while Ca. S. thermopropionivorans contributed 63% to total bacterial cells. The draft genome of Ca. S. thermopropionivorans encodes genes for propionate oxidation via methymalonyl-CoA. Phylogenetically, Ca. S. thermopropionivorans affiliates with the uncultured Cloacimonadaceae W5 and is more distantly related (86.4% 16S rRNA gene identity) to Ca. Cloacimonas acidaminovorans. Although Ca. S. thermopropionivorans was enriched from a thermophilic biogas reactor, Ca. Syntrophosphaera was in particular associated with mesophilic anaerobic digestion systems. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencng and a novel genus-specific quantitative PCR assay consistently identified Ca. Syntrophosphaera/Cloacimonadaceae W5 in 9 of 12 tested full-scale biogas reactors thereby outnumbering other SPOB such as Pelotomaculum, Smithella and Syntrophobacter. Taken together the ubiquity and abundance of Ca. Syntrophosphaera, those SPOB might be key players for syntrophic propionate metabolism that have been overlooked before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dyksma
- Faculty of Technology, Microbiology - Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany
| | - Claudia Gallert
- Faculty of Technology, Microbiology - Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany
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Uhlenhut F, Schlüter K, Gallert C. Modellierung der anaeroben Bioabfallvergärung unter Berücksichtigung von syntrophen Propionat-oxidierenden Bakterien. CHEM-ING-TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201800006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Uhlenhut
- Hochschule Emden/Leer; EUTEC Institut; Constantiaplatz 4 26723 Emden Deutschland
| | - Kathrin Schlüter
- Hochschule Emden/Leer; EUTEC Institut; Constantiaplatz 4 26723 Emden Deutschland
| | - Claudia Gallert
- Hochschule Emden/Leer; EUTEC Institut; Constantiaplatz 4 26723 Emden Deutschland
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8
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Riya S, Suzuki K, Meng L, Zhou S, Terada A, Hosomi M. The influence of the total solid content on the stability of dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion of rice straw and pig manure. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 76:350-356. [PMID: 29496383 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dry anaerobic digestion is a promising technology for the recycling of agricultural waste to produce energy and fertilizer. Adding water to the substrate enables better handling and avoid inhibition caused by high total solid (TS) content in the reactor; however, it also increases leachate and operational costs. To assess the extent to which the amount of water added can be reduced, it was examined how the TS content in the reactor influenced the production of biogas. A semi-batch dry thermophilic anaerobic digester was fed with substrate (rice straw and pig manure) at a constant organic loading rate, and varied the TS contents (27%, 32%, 37%, and 42%) of the substrate by adding different amounts of water (representing 0-36% of the total substrate). During incubation, the TS content in the reactor gradually increased from 18% to 31%. Biogas production was stable and high (564 ± 13-580 ± 36 N m3 t-1 VS), and there was no accumulation of volatile fatty acids when the TS content of the reactor was between 18% and 27%. However, the rate decreased sharply and propionate and acetate were also produced when the TS content of the reactor exceeded 28%. By applying a simple TS balance model, it was found that stable biogas production could be achieved at a substrate TS content of 32%, at which reactor TS content reached 23% at steady-state condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Riya
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Lingyu Meng
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Fengxian, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Akihiko Terada
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hosomi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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9
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Nkemka VN, Hao X. Start-up of a sequential dry anaerobic digestion of paunch under psychrophilic and mesophilic temperatures. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 74:144-149. [PMID: 27342192 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present laboratory study evaluated the sequential leach bed dry anaerobic digestion (DAD) of paunch under psychrophilic (22°C) and mesophilic (40°C) temperatures. Three leach bed reactors were operated under the mesophilic temperature in sequence at a solid retention time (SRT) of 40d with a new batch started 27d into the run of the previous one. A total of six batches were operated for 135d. The results showed that the mesophilic DAD of paunch was efficient, reaching methane yields of 126.9-212.1mLg-1 volatile solid (VS) and a VS reduction of 32.9-55.5%. The average daily methane production rate increased from 334.3mLd-1 to 571.4mLd-1 and 825.7mLd-1 when one, two and three leach bed reactors were in operation, respectively. The psychrophilic DAD of paunch was operated under a SRT of 100d and a total of three batches were performed in sequence for 300d with each batch starting after completion of the previous one. Improvements in the methane yield from 93.9 to 107.3 and 148.3mLg-1 VS and VS reductions of 24.8, 30.2 and 38.6% were obtained in the consecutive runs, indicating the adaptation of anaerobic microbes from mesophilic to psychrophilic temperatures. In addition, it took three runs for anaerobic microbes to reduce the volatile fatty acid accumulation observed in the first and second trials. This study demonstrates the potential of renewable energy recovery from paunch under psychrophilic and mesophilic temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Nkongndem Nkemka
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1st Ave S., Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Xiying Hao
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1st Ave S., Lethbridge, Canada.
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Uhlenhut F, Schlüter K, Gallert C. Wet biowaste digestion: ADM1 model improvement by implementation of known genera and activity of propionate oxidizing bacteria. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 129:384-393. [PMID: 29174828 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of biowaste not only reduces environmental burden but also plays an important role for sustainable energy supply. For process optimization simulation based on the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) is commonly used. The ADM1 was extended to include the known three genera of propionate oxidizing bacteria (POB) and the two routes of propionate degradation (methyl-malonyl CoA and C6-dismutation pathway). Kinetic parameters for anaerobic propionate oxidation by single strains of the three propionate oxidizing genera were determined from defined tri-cultures of the POB with hydrogenotrophic and acetotrophic methanogens and implemented into ADM1. The such improved model ADM1xpro was evaluated with operational data from a full scale wet biowaste digestion plant. Predicted amounts of biogas and composition with ADM1xpro (2201 m³ d-1, 68.1 % CH4 and 31.9 % CO2) correlated well with full-scale process data (2171 m³ d-1, 67.5 % CH4 and 31.9 % CO2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Uhlenhut
- EUTEC Institute, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Constantiaplatz 4, D-26723, Emden, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Schlüter
- EUTEC Institute, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Constantiaplatz 4, D-26723, Emden, Germany
| | - Claudia Gallert
- EUTEC Institute, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Constantiaplatz 4, D-26723, Emden, Germany
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Li Y, Sun Y, Yang G, Hu K, Lv P, Li L. Vertical distribution of microbial community and metabolic pathway in a methanogenic propionate degradation bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1022-1029. [PMID: 28946204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The methanogenic propionate degradation consortia were enriched in a propionate-fed semi-continuous bioreactor. The microbial community shift with depth, the microbial network and its correlation with metabolic pathway were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the maximum organic loading rate (OLR) of the reactor was 2.5g propionic acid (HPr) L-1d-1 with approximately 1.20LL-1d-1 of volumetric methane production (VMP). The organisms in the enrichment were spanning 36 bacterial phyla and 7 archaeal orders. Syntrophobacter, the main Hpr oxidizer in the digester, dominated bacteria with relative abundance changing from 63% to 37% with depth. The predominant methanogens shift from hydrogenotrophic Methanoculleus (∼60%) at the upper liquid layer to acetoclastic Methanothrix (∼51%) at the lower sediment layer in the bioreactor. These methanogens syntrophically support Syntrophobacter by degrading HPr catabolism by-products (H2 and acetate). Other bacteria could scavenge anabolic products (carbohydrate and protein) presumably derived from detrital biomass produced by the HPr-degrading community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yongming Sun
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Gaixiu Yang
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Keqin Hu
- Wuhan Kaidi Electric Power Engineering Co. Ltd, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Pengmei Lv
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Lianhua Li
- Laboratory of Biomass Bio-chemical Conversion, GuangZhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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12
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Characteristics of Pollutants and Microbial Communities Obtained in Simulated Lysimeters of Swine Carcasses. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Xu S, Kong X, Liu J, Zhao K, Zhao G, Bahdolla A. Effects of high-pressure extruding pretreatment on MSW upgrading and hydrolysis enhancement. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 58:81-89. [PMID: 27424308 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure extruding (HPE) is an efficient technology used to separate municipal solid waste (MSW) into wet (biodegradable) and dry (combustible) fractions. Effects of pressure, 10, 20, 30, and 40MPa on quality upgrading of the MSW and hydrolysis of the wet fraction were examined. TS of the dry fraction increased from 48.5% to 59.4% when the extruding pressure increased from 10 to 40MPa, meanwhile the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the wet fraction extruded under 40MPa was 674mL CH4/g·VS, 33% higher than that of the organic fraction of the MSW (OFMSW) control. Furthermore, in the initial stage of hydrolysis experiment, the extruded wet fractions had lower pH and higher COD, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and COD/VFA than those of the OFMSW control. The results confirmed that HPE upgraded the MSW and enhanced hydrolysis of the wet fractions. However, high extruding pressure as 40MPa aggravated the excessive acidification of the wet fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Kong
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ke Zhao
- BESG Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing Environment Sanitation Engineering Group Co., Ltd, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guangqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Amanjol Bahdolla
- Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education of China, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Qian MY, Li RH, Li J, Wedwitschka H, Nelles M, Stinner W, Zhou HJ. Industrial scale garage-type dry fermentation of municipal solid waste to biogas. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 217:82-89. [PMID: 26970693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study was to through monitoring the 1st industrial scale garage-type dry fermentation (GTDF) MSW biogas plant in Bin County, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate its anaerobic digestion (AD) performance and the stability of process. After a monitoring period of 180days, the results showed that the volumetric biogas production of the digesters and percolate tank was 0.72 and 2.22m(3) (m(3)d)(-1), respectively, and the specific biogas yield of the feedstock was about 270m(3)CH4tVS(-1), which indicated that the GTDF is appropriate for the Chinese MSW. This paper also raised some problems aimed at improving the process stability and AD efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Qian
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China; Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - R H Li
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China
| | - J Li
- Heilongjiang Longneng Weiye Environment and Technology Shares Co., LTD, Floor 17, Science & Technology Plaza, Songbei District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - H Wedwitschka
- Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH (DBFZ), Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Nelles
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China; Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH (DBFZ), Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Stinner
- Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH (DBFZ), Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - H J Zhou
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China.
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15
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Schnürer A. Biogas Production: Microbiology and Technology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 156:195-234. [PMID: 27432246 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biogas, containing energy-rich methane, is produced by microbial decomposition of organic material under anaerobic conditions. Under controlled conditions, this process can be used for the production of energy and a nutrient-rich residue suitable for use as a fertilising agent. The biogas can be used for production of heat, electricity or vehicle fuel. Different substrates can be used in the process and, depending on substrate character, various reactor technologies are available. The microbiological process leading to methane production is complex and involves many different types of microorganisms, often operating in close relationships because of the limited amount of energy available for growth. The microbial community structure is shaped by the incoming material, but also by operating parameters such as process temperature. Factors leading to an imbalance in the microbial community can result in process instability or even complete process failure. To ensure stable operation, different key parameters, such as levels of degradation intermediates and gas quality, are often monitored. Despite the fact that the anaerobic digestion process has long been used for industrial production of biogas, many questions need still to be resolved to achieve optimal management and gas yields and to exploit the great energy and nutrient potential available in waste material. This chapter discusses the different aspects that need to be taken into consideration to achieve optimal degradation and gas production, with particular focus on operation management and microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schnürer
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 7025, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
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16
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Chu X, Wu G, Wang J, Hu ZH. Dry co-digestion of sewage sludge and rice straw under mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:20143-20153. [PMID: 26300352 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dry anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge can recover biogas as energy; however, its low C/N ratio limits it as a single substrate in the anaerobic digestion. Rice straw is an abundant agricultural residue in China, which is rich in carbon and can be used as carbon source. In the present study, the performance of dry co-digestion of sewage sludge and rice straw was investigated under mesophilic (35 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C) conditions. The operational factors impacting dry co-digestion of sewage sludge and rice straw such as C/N ratio, moisture content, and initial pH were explored under mesophilic conditions. The results show that low C/N ratios resulted in a higher biogas production rate, but a lower specific biogas yield; low moisture content of 65 % resulted in the instability of the digestion system and a low specific biogas yield. Initial pH ranging 7.0-9.0 did not affect the performance of the anaerobic digestion. The C/N ratio of 26-29:1, moisture content of 70-80 %, and pH 7.0-9.0 resulted in good performance in the dry mesophilic co-digestion of sewage sludge and rice straw. As compared with mesophilic digestion, thermophilic co-digestion of sewage sludge and rice straw significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency of the substrates and the specific biogas yield (p < 0.05) at the conditions of C/N ratio 26:1, moisture content 80 %, and natural initial pH. Although high concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen (NH4-N, 1500 mg/kg wet weight) were formed during thermophilic digestion, there was no obvious inhibition occurred. The results indicated that rice straw can be used as carbon source for the dry co-digestion of sewage sludge under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Chu
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaquan Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Zhen-Hu Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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17
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Li C, Mörtelmaier C, Winter J, Gallert C. Co-digestion of wheat and rye bread suspensions with source-sorted municipal biowaste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 40:63-71. [PMID: 25843354 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Acidification of wheat bread (WBS), rye bread (RBS) and fresh biowaste suspensions (FBS), leading to lactate+acetate, lactate+acetate+n-buyrate, and acetate+propionate+n-butyrate, respectively, and biogas production as well as population dynamics were investigated. Co-fermentation of FBS (14 kg m(-3) d(-1) organic loading rate (OLR)) with WBS or RBS was stable up to an OLR of 22 kg m(-3) d(-1) and resulted in up to 3 times as much biogas. During co-fermentation at more than 20 kg m(-3) d(-1) OLR the total population increased more than 2-fold, but the originally low share of propionate-oxidizing bacteria significantly decreased. The proportion of methanogens also decreased. Whereas the proportion of Methanosarcinales to Methanomicrobiales in biowaste and biowaste+WBS remained constant, Methanosarcinales and in particular Methanosaeta spec. in the biowaste+RBS assay almost completely disappeared. Methanomicrobiales increased instead, indicating propionate oxidation via acetate cleavage to CO2 and hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Li
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biology for Engineers and Biotechnology of Wastewater, Am Fasanengarten, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Christoph Mörtelmaier
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biology for Engineers and Biotechnology of Wastewater, Am Fasanengarten, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Josef Winter
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biology for Engineers and Biotechnology of Wastewater, Am Fasanengarten, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Claudia Gallert
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Biology for Engineers and Biotechnology of Wastewater, Am Fasanengarten, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany; University of Applied Science, Hochschule Emden-Leer, Faculty of Technology, Division Microbiology - Biotechnology, Constantiaplatz 4, D-26723 Emden, Germany.
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18
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Microbial Community Shifts during Biogas Production from Biowaste and/or Propionate. Bioengineering (Basel) 2015; 2:35-53. [PMID: 28955012 PMCID: PMC5597126 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering2010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Propionate is the most delicate intermediate during anaerobic digestion as its degradation is thermodynamically unfavorable. To determine its maximum possible degradation rates during anaerobic digestion, a reactor was fed Monday to Friday with an organic loading rate (OLR) of 12/14 kg CODbiowaste·m−3·d−1 plus propionate up to a final OLR of 18 kg COD·m−3·d−1. No feed was supplied on weekends as it was the case in full-scale. To maintain permanently high propionate oxidizing activity (POA), a basic OLR of 3 kg CODpropionate·m−3·d−1 all week + 11 kg CODbiowaste·m−3·d−1 from Monday to Friday was supplied. Finally a reactor was operated with an OLR of 12 kg CODbiowaste·m−3·d−1 from Monday to Friday and 5 kg CODpropionate·m−3·d−1 from Friday night to Monday morning to maintain a constant gas production for permanent operation of a gas engine. The propionate degradation rates (PDRs) were determined for biowaste + propionate feeding. Decreasing PDRs during starvation were analyzed. The POA was higher after propionate supply than after biowaste feeding and decreased faster during starvation of a propionate-fed rather than a biowaste-fed inoculum. Shifts of the propionate-oxidizing and methanogenic community were determined.
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