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Xu S, Cao J, Wu M, Xu Y, Wu Y, Shang K, Ma B, Zhang L, Chen D, Liu X, Yan X, Xu J. Enhancing the Thermotolerance of Isochrysis zhangjiangensis Through Co-culturing With Algoriphagus marincola. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023:10.1007/s10126-023-10219-2. [PMID: 37289264 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Isochrysis zhangjiangensis is an important microalgal species used as bait in aquaculture. However, its optimal cultivation temperature is around 25 °C, limiting its use in summer when temperature is higher. To overcome this limitation, we aimed to develop a consortia of I. zhangjiangensis and bacteria that are more resistant to heat stress. Here, six thermotolerance-promoting bacterial strains were isolated from the culture of a heat-tolerant mutant strain of I. zhangjiangensis (IM), and identified as Algoriphagus marincola, Nocardioides sp., Pseudidiomarina sp., Labrenzia alba, Nitratireductor sp., and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Further, co-culturing I. zhangjiangensis with A. marincola under high temperature conditions increased cell density, chlorophyll a, PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and soluble protein content of microalgae. The presence of A. marincola positively influenced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in I. zhangjiangensis cells, while concurrently reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, gene expression studies confirmed that co-culturing with A. marincola upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related genes (sod and pod) and stress tolerance genes (heat shock protein genes). Our findings indicate that A. marincola effectively helps I. zhangjiangensis withstand high temperature stress, leading to improved yield of microalgae during high temperature conditions. The thermotolerance-promoting bacteria can be exploited as potential inoculants for enhancing the productivity and sustainability of bait microalgae in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Minnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China
- Laizhou Bay Marine Technology Co., Ltd, Yantai, 261400, Shandong, China
| | - Kaixi Shang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Laizhou Bay Marine Technology Co., Ltd, Yantai, 261400, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Deshui Chen
- Fujian Dalai Seed Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Ningde, 352101, Fujian, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Laizhou Bay Marine Technology Co., Ltd, Yantai, 261400, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, Zhejiang, China.
- Fujian Dalai Seed Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Ningde, 352101, Fujian, China.
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Zhou D, Meng R, Xiao P, Chang T, Li Y, Han J, Cheng P, Zhou C, Yan X. Frequent antibiotic exposure stabilized the associated bacterial community while altering physiological and biochemical characteristics of the coccolithophore Chrysotila roscoffensis. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nutrient Deprivation Coupled with High Light Exposure for Bioactive Chrysolaminarin Production in the Marine Microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060351. [PMID: 35736154 PMCID: PMC9225646 DOI: 10.3390/md20060351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysolaminarin, a kind of water-soluble bioactive β-glucan produced by certain microalgae, is a potential candidate for food/pharmaceutical applications. This study identified a marine microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis, in which chrysolaminarin production was investigated via nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur) deprivations (-N, -P, or -S conditions) along with an increase in light intensity. A characterization of the antioxidant activities of the chrysolaminarin produced under each condition was also conducted. The results showed that nutrient deprivation caused a significant increase in chrysolaminarin accumulation, though this was accompanied by diminished biomass production and photosynthetic activity. -S was the best strategy to induce chrysolaminarin accumulation. An increase in light intensity from 80 (LL) to 150 (HL) µE·m−2·s−1 further enhanced chrysolaminarin production. Compared with -N, -S caused more suitable stress and reduced carbon allocation toward neutral lipid production, which enabled a higher chrysolaminarin accumulation capacity. The highest chrysolaminarin content and concentration reached 41.7% of dry weight (%DW) and 632.2 mg/L, respectively, under HL-S, with a corresponding productivity of 155.1 mg/L/day achieved, which exceeds most of the photoautotrophic microalgae previously reported. The chrysolaminarin produced under HL-N (Iz-N) had a relatively competitive hydroxyl radical scavenging activity at low concentrations, while the chrysolaminarin produced under HL-S (Iz-S) exhibited an overall better activity, comparable to the commercial yeast β-glucan, demonstrating I. zhangjiangensis as a promising bioactive chrysolaminarin producer from CO2.
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Ismaiel MMS, El-Ayouty YM, Fathey HA. Disparity of the carotenoids antioxidant properties of wild-type and D-PSY-transgenic Dunaliella parva strains under three environmental stresses. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2151-2163. [PMID: 34744358 PMCID: PMC8526634 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Two strains of the halophilic alga Dunaliella parva, a wild type (WT) and a transgenic strain (D-PSY) containing an exogenous phytoene synthase gene (PSY), were used to investigate the growth, carotenoid accumulation, and carotenoid antioxidant properties under nitrogen starvation, cobalt and biochar treatments. D-PSY had higher carotenoid content (1.8 times) compared to the WT. The applied stressors stimulated the carotenoid content of both WT and D-PSY especially. The carotenoids were assayed for the potential antioxidant activities by five different assays. Generally, the antioxidant activities of D-PSY carotenoids were superior to that of WT. The biochar and nitrogen treatments generally enhanced the antioxidant activities of the carotenoids, whereas cobalt came third in this respect. The D-PSY transgenic algal strain has both high carotenoids content and antioxidant properties which enhanced under the relatively lower concentrations of the applied stressors. The results have shown to lead to an accurate application of the transgenic alga as a source of potent antioxidant compounds. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01077-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M. S. Ismaiel
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | - Yassin M. El-Ayouty
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
| | - Hoda A. Fathey
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
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Gao F, Sá M, Cabanelas ITD, Wijffels RH, Barbosa MJ. Improved fucoxanthin and docosahexaenoic acid productivities of a sorted self-settling Tisochrysis lutea phenotype at pilot scale. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124725. [PMID: 33508680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to select a Tisochrysis lutea phenotype with higher biomass and fucoxanthin productivities using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). A novel phenotype was obtained after 2 rounds of selection, based on high-fucoxanthin fluorescence. The resulting phenotype forms cell aggregates, has no flagella, and was stable after 15 months. Optimal temperature (30 °C) and light (300 µmol m-2 s-1) were obtained at laboratory scale, identical to the original strain. The biomass productivity was higher than the original strain: 1.9× at laboratory scale (0.4 L), and 4.5× under outdoor conditions (190 L). Moreover, compared to the original strain, the productivity of fucoxanthin increased 1.6-3.1× and docosahexaenoic acid 1.5-1.9×. These are the highest ever reported outdoor productivities, obtained with a robust new phenotype from a T. lutea monoculture isolated with FACS without genetic manipulation. The resulting phenotype shows high potential for industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzheng Gao
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Marta Sá
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - René H Wijffels
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands; Faculty Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, N-8049 Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria J Barbosa
- Wageningen University, Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
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Huang B, Mimouni V, Lukomska E, Morant-Manceau A, Bougaran G. Carbon Partitioning and Lipid Remodeling During Phosphorus and Nitrogen Starvation in the Marine Microalga Diacronema lutheri (Haptophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:908-922. [PMID: 32215912 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The domesticated marine microalga Diacronema lutheri is of great interest for producing various highly valuable molecules like lipids, particularly long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). In this study, we investigated the impact of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) starvation on growth, carbon fixation (photosynthetic activity) and partitioning, and membrane lipid remodeling in this alga during batch culture. Our results show that the photosynthetic machinery was similarly affected by P and N stress. Under N starvation, we observed a much lower photosynthetic rate and biomass productivity. The degradation and re-use of cellular N-containing compounds contributed to triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation. On the other hand, P-starved cells maintained pigment content and a carbon partitioning pattern more similar to the control, ensuring a high biomass. Betaine lipids constitute the major compounds of non-plastidial membranes, which are rich in eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. Under P and N starvations, EPA was transferred from the recycling of membrane polar lipids, most likely contributing to TAG accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Huang
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (IUML - FR 3473 CNRS), UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Man Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 09, France
| | - Virginie Mimouni
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (IUML - FR 3473 CNRS), IUT de Laval, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 52 rue des Docteurs Calmette et Guérin, 53020, Laval Cedex 9, France
| | - Ewa Lukomska
- Laboratoire Physiologie et Biotechnologie des Algues, IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Annick Morant-Manceau
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (IUML - FR 3473 CNRS), UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Man Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 09, France
| | - Gaël Bougaran
- Laboratoire Physiologie et Biotechnologie des Algues, IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France
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Li Y, Sun H, Wu T, Fu Y, He Y, Mao X, Chen F. Storage carbon metabolism of Isochrysis zhangjiangensis under different light intensities and its application for co-production of fucoxanthin and stearidonic acid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 282:94-102. [PMID: 30852337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the co-production of fucoxanthin and stearidonic acid from Isochrysis zhangjiangensis by investigating its carbon metabolism under different light intensities. Results showed high light inhibited the synthesis of fucoxanthin and stearidonic acid, while promoted cell growth and enhanced cellular lipid content compared with low light, achieving 2.4 g/L and 28.55%, respectively. Low light accelerated the accumulation of fucoxanthin and stearidonic acid, which obtained 23.29 mg/g and 17.16% (of total fatty acid). In combination with the molecular analysis, low light redirected carbon skeletons into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and diverted into carotenoid especially fucoxanthin. While, high light redistributed the skeletons to Malonyl CoA, citrate and α-Ketoglutarate and then oriented into lipid metabolism. The highest fucoxanthin and stearidonic acid productivity was 2.94 mg L-1 d-1 and 4.33 mg L-1 d-1, respectively, which revealed I. zhanjiangensis is a potential strain for the co-production of fucoxanthin and stearidonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelian Li
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Han Sun
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunlei Fu
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongjin He
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xuemei Mao
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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8
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Huang B, Marchand J, Thiriet-Rupert S, Carrier G, Saint-Jean B, Lukomska E, Moreau B, Morant-Manceau A, Bougaran G, Mimouni V. Betaine lipid and neutral lipid production under nitrogen or phosphorus limitation in the marine microalga Tisochrysis lutea (Haptophyta). ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Yuan G, Cao X, Zhu Z, Yang M, Jiang J, Fan X, Wu P, Lu H, Tian J, Xue S. The heat-tolerance evaluation of an Isochrysis zhangjiangensis mutant generated by atmospheric and room temperature plasmas. AMB Express 2019; 9:68. [PMID: 31115716 PMCID: PMC6529482 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isochrysis zhangjiangensis is widely used in the marine aquaculture as larval feed, especially for filter feeding cultures, as well as a good candidate for biofuels. However, the optimal cultivation temperature for I. zhangjiangensis is below 30 °C and this stain is seriously affected by high temperature, which causes the limited application during the summer. I. zhangjiangensis IM130005 is a strain generated by atmospheric and room temperature plasmas with relative higher growth rate and lipid production than the wide strain (WT), with the ability to tolerate several hours’ high temperature during the outdoor cultivation. Here, a detailed comparison was performed by continuous monitoring growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and fatty acid profile between IM13005 and WT under a mimic temperature shock to the summer outdoor cultivation. Based on a nearly 20% increase of total fatty acid in IM13005, which was majorly contributed by saturated or monounsaturated FAs in form of neutral lipids, within 5 h under the heat shock, the fatty acids and lipids synthesis variation were postulated as the physiological reason for the high temperature tolerance.
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Zuo Z, Ni B, Yang L. Production of primary metabolites in Microcystis aeruginosa in regulation of nitrogen limitation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:588-595. [PMID: 30266031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the regulatory effect of nitrogen (N) deficiency on primary metabolites in Microcystis aeruginosa, and promote the utilization of the alga. Low-N and Non-N conditions, especially Non-N, reduced the cell growth and photosynthetic abilities compared to Normal-N, as N deficiency triggered the down-regulation of genes involving in the photosynthetic process. Non-N not changed lipid content, due to no up-regulation of genes that promoted lipid synthesis. Soluble protein content significantly decreased under Non-N, which may result from the declined expression of genes relating to amino acid and histidyl-transfer RNA synthesis. Soluble and insoluble carbohydrate content significantly increased under Non-N, as the expression variation of genes blocked sugar degradation and promoted lipopolysaccharide synthesis. Therefore, M. aeruginosa can be used as the feedstock to produce carbohydrates under N deficiency for bioethanol production, and the remainder lipids after carbohydrate extraction can be used to produce biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojiang Zuo
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Binbin Ni
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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Thiriet-Rupert S, Carrier G, Trottier C, Eveillard D, Schoefs B, Bougaran G, Cadoret JP, Chénais B, Saint-Jean B. Identification of transcription factors involved in the phenotype of a domesticated oleaginous microalgae strain of Tisochrysis lutea. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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MENEGOL T, DIPRAT AB, RODRIGUES E, RECH R. Effect of temperature and nitrogen concentration on biomass composition of Heterochlorella luteoviridis. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rosane RECH
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Cheng D, Li D, Yuan Y, Zhou L, Li X, Wu T, Wang L, Zhao Q, Wei W, Sun Y. Improving carbohydrate and starch accumulation in Chlorella sp. AE10 by a novel two-stage process with cell dilution. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:75. [PMID: 28344650 PMCID: PMC5364641 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are highly efficient cellular factories that capture CO2 and are also alternative feedstock for biofuel production. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are major biochemical components in microalgae. Carbohydrates or starch in microalgae are possible substrates in yeast fermentation for biofuel production. The carbon partitioning in microalgae could be regulated through environmental stresses, such as high concentration of CO2, high light intensity, and nitrogen starvation conditions. It is essential to obtain carbohydrate-rich microalgae via an optimal bioprocess strategy. RESULTS The carbohydrate accumulation in a CO2 tolerance strain, Chlorella sp. AE10, was investigated with a two-stage process. The CO2 concentration, light intensity, and initial nitrogen concentration were changed drastically in both stages. During the first stage, it was cultivated over 3 days under 1% CO2, a photon flux of 100 μmol m-2 s-1, and 1.5 g L-1 NaNO3. It was cultivated under 10% CO2, 1000 μmol m-2 s-1, and 0.375 g L-1 NaNO3 during the second stage. In addition, two operation modes were compared. At the beginning of the second stage of mode 2, cells were diluted to 0.1 g L-1 and there was no cell dilution in mode 1. The total carbohydrate productivity of mode 2 was increased about 42% compared with that of mode 1. The highest total carbohydrate content and the highest starch content of mode 2 were 77.6% (DW) and 60.3% (DW) at day 5, respectively. The starch productivity was 0.311 g L-1 day-1 and the total carbohydrate productivity was 0.421 g L-1 day-1 in 6 days. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a novel two-stage process was proposed for improving carbohydrate and starch accumulation in Chlorella sp. AE10. Despite cell dilution at the beginning of the second stage, environmental stress conditions of high concentration of CO2, high light intensity, and limited nitrogen concentration at the second stage were critical for carbohydrate and starch accumulation. Although the cells were diluted, the growths were not inhibited and the carbohydrate productivity was improved. These results were helpful to establish an integrated approach from CO2 capture to biofuel production by microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujia Cheng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049 China
- ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Dengjin Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Yizhong Yuan
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049 China
- ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Xuyang Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Tong Wu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Liang Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Quanyu Zhao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
- ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Wei Wei
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
- ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
- ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210 China
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Fernandes T, Fernandes I, Andrade CAP, Cordeiro N. Marine microalgae growth and carbon partitioning as a function of nutrient availability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:541-547. [PMID: 27179298 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To understand in which way the structural differences of three marine microalgae (Nannochloropsis gaditana, Rhodomonas marina and Isochrysis sp.) affect their carbon partitioning, growth and applicability; a stoichiometric imbalance was imposed by steady carbon and other nutrients variation. Towards high nutrients concentrations/low carbon availability a decrease of 12-51% in C/N microalgae ratio was observed and maximum cell densities were achieved. Moreover, linear correlation between the nutrient input and microalgae protein content were observed. The macromolecular ratios pointed that carbohydrate was the main contributor for the C/N decrement. Although lipid content in R. marina remained constant throughout the experiment, a rise of 37-107% in N. gaditana and Isochrysis sp. was verified. Lipid fractions revealed high percentages of glycolipids in all microalgae (57-73% of total lipids). The present study shows an easy way to understand and modulate microalgae carbon partitioning relying on the field of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomásia Fernandes
- University of Madeira, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, 9000-390 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Igor Fernandes
- University of Madeira, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, 9000-390 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Carlos A P Andrade
- Mariculture Center of Calheta, Vila da Calheta, 9370-133 Calheta, Madeira, Portugal; CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- University of Madeira, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, 9000-390 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal.
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15
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Chi L, Yao C, Cao X, Xue S. Coordinated regulation of nitrogen supply mode and initial cell density for energy storage compounds production with economized nitrogen utilization in a marine microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 200:598-605. [PMID: 26547809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipids and carbohydrates are main energy storage compounds (ESC) of microalgae under stressed conditions and they are potential feedstock for biofuel production. Yet, the sustainable and commercially successful production of ESC in microalgae needs to consider nitrogen utilization efficiency. Here the impact of different initial cell densities (ICDs) on ESC accumulation in Isochrysis zhangjiangensis under two nitrogen supply modes (an initially equal concentration of nitrogen per-cell in the medium (N1) and an equal total concentration of nitrogen in the culture system (N2)) were investigated. The results demonstrated that the highest ESC yield (1.36gL(-1)) at N1, which included a maximal nitrogen supply in the cultivation system, and the highest ESC content (66.5%) and ESC productivity per mass of nitrogen (3.28gg(-1) (N) day(-1)) at N2, were all obtained under a high ICD of 8.0×10(6)cellsmL(-1). Therefore I. zhangjiangensis qualifies for ESC-enriched biomass production with economized nitrogen utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chi
- Marine Bioengineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Changhong Yao
- Marine Bioengineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xupeng Cao
- Marine Bioengineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Song Xue
- Marine Bioengineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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16
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Cao X, Gao P, Liu X, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhou J, Xue S, Xu G, Tian J. Free amino acids and small molecular acids profiling of marine microalga Isochrysis zhangjiangensis under nitrogen deficiency. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Meng Y, Jiang J, Wang H, Cao X, Xue S, Yang Q, Wang W. The characteristics of TAG and EPA accumulation in Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 under different nitrogen supply regimes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 179:483-489. [PMID: 25575208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The strategy of nitrogen limitation has been widely applied to enhance lipid production in microalgae. The changes of cellular composition, and the characteristics of triacylglycerol (TAG) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) accumulation in Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 were investigated. The results revealed that after nitrogen limitation TAG rather than carbohydrate was the dominant carbon sink in N. oceanica IMET1. Different nitrogen supplementation strategies were applied in order to achieve high TAG and EPA productivity, respectively. Limited nitrogen was supplied to improve TAG production, and a maximum productivity of 29.44 mg L(-1) d(-1) was obtained, which was a 6.74-fold increase compared to nitrogen-depleted cultivation. The highest EPA productivity of 7.66 mg L(-1) d(-1) was achieved under nitrogen-replete cultivation, which is different from the condition for TAG maximum productivity because the EPA is in glycolipids and phospholipids mainly. The fatty acid composition analysis identified the source of acyl group in TAG accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Meng
- Marine Bioproducts Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 16023, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junpeng Jiang
- Marine Bioproducts Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 16023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Marine Bioproducts Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 16023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xupeng Cao
- Marine Bioproducts Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 16023, China
| | - Song Xue
- Marine Bioproducts Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 16023, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Weiliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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