1
|
Malikul Ikram MM, Putri SP, Fukusaki E. Chitosan-based coating enriched with melezitose alters primary metabolites in fresh-cut pineapple during storage. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 136:374-382. [PMID: 37689569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Demand for minimally processed fresh fruit is increasing due to its convenience. However, the distribution of fresh-cut fruits is limited because of their short shelf life. Pineapple, a popular tropical fruit, sold in fresh-cut form has a shelf life of approximately 5-7 days at 4 °C. Chitosan, an edible coating, is commonly used to prolong the shelf life of food products. Similarly, the sugar melezitose has been reported to change during pineapple ripening and may play a role in regulating the shelf life of pineapple. However, the direct effects of this sugar have yet to be studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chitosan coating with melezitose to prolong the shelf life of fresh-cut pineapple. Full-ripe Bogor pineapples from Okinawa, Japan, were cut into cubes and soaked in either chitosan 1.25%, melezitose 5 mg/L, or chitosan+melezitose and stored for 5 days under dark conditions (23.6 ± 0.5 °C; relative humidity, 40.0 ± 10.4%). None of the treatments significantly altered the weight loss or color changes in the fresh-cut fruit. However, treatment significantly altered the primary metabolites, namely quinic acid, sucrose, and xylitol based on orthogonal projection to latent structures data with the screening from p-value score. Moreover, cell-wall metabolism is possibly affected in pineapple cut fruit treated by chitosan-melezitose as shown from metabolite sets enrichment analysis. This study showed that chitosan added with melezitose might have potential to prolong the shelf-life of fresh-cut pineapple, providing a basis for further post-harvest studies of the whole pineapple fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Maulana Malikul Ikram
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sastia Prama Putri
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Eiichiro Fukusaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Osaka University-Shimadzu Omics Innovation Research Laboratories, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singh Chauhan D, Sahoo L, Mohanty K. Acclimation-driven microalgal cultivation improved temperature and light stress tolerance, CO 2 sequestration and metabolite regulation for bioenergy production. Bioresour Technol 2023; 385:129386. [PMID: 37364652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates temperature and light impact on the ability of Micractinium pusillum microalgae to mitigate CO2 and produce bioenergy in semi-continuous mode. Microalgae were exposed to temperatures (15, 25, and 35 °C) and light intensities (50, 350, and 650 μmol m-2 s-1), including two temperature cycles, 25 °C had the maximum growth rate, with no significant difference at 35 °C and light intensities of 350 and 650 μmol m-2 s-1. 15 °C temperature and 50 μmol m-2 s-1 light intensity reduced growth. Increased light intensity accelerated growth, CO2 utilization with carbon and bioenergy accumulation. Microalgae demonstrate rapid primary metabolic adjustment and acclimation reactions in response to changes in light and temperature conditions. Temperature correlated positively with carbon and nitrogen fixation, CO2 fixation, and carbon accumulation in the biomass, whereas there was no correlation found between light. In the temperature regime experiment, higher light intensity boosted nutrient and CO2 utilization, carbon buildup, and biomass bioenergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepesh Singh Chauhan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chakraborty A, Chaudhury R, Dutta S, Basak M, Dey S, Schäffner AR, Das M. Role of metabolites in flower development and discovery of compounds controlling flowering time. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 190:109-118. [PMID: 36113306 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flowering is one of the most important physiological processes of plants that ensures continuity of genetic flow from one generation to the next and also maintains food security. Therefore, impact of various climate-related abiotic stresses on flowering have been assessed to evaluate the long-term impact of global climate change. In contrast to the enormous volume of research that has been conducted at the genetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and protein level, much less attention has been paid to understand the role of various metabolites in flower induction and floral organ development during normal growth or in stressed environmental condition. This review article aims at summarizing information on various primary (e.g., carbohydrates, lipids, fatty acid derivatives, protein and amino acids) and secondary metabolites (e.g., polyamines, phenolics, neuro-indoles, phenylpropanoid, flavonoids and terpenes) that have so far been identified either during flower induction or in individual floral organs implying their possible role in organ development. Specialized metabolites responsible for flower colour, scent and shape to support plant-pollinator interaction have been extensively reviewed by many research groups and hence are not considered in this article. Many of the metabolites discussed here may be used as metabolomarkers to identify tolerant crop genotypes. Several agrochemicals have been successfully used to release endodormancy in temperate trees. Along the same line, a strategy that combines metabolite profiling, screening of small-molecule libraries, and structural alteration of selected compounds has been proposed in order to identify novel lead compounds that can regulate flowering time when applied exogenously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rim Chaudhury
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Smritikana Dutta
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India; Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mridushree Basak
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sonali Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Anton R Schäffner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Malay Das
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang S, Li Y, He L, Yang J, Fernie AR, Luo J. Natural variance at the interface of plant primary and specialized metabolism. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2022; 67:102201. [PMID: 35349968 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce a large number of diverse metabolites when they grow and develop as well as when they respond to the changing external environment. These are an important source of human nutrition and medicine. In this review we emphasized the major issues of the primary-specialized metabolic interface in plant metabolism, described the metabolic flow from primary to specialized metabolism, and the conservation and diversity of primary and specialized metabolites. At the same time, we summarized the regulatory mechanisms underpinning the dynamic balance primary and specialized metabolism based on multi-omics integration analysis, as well as the natural variation of primary and specialized metabolic pathways and genes during the plant evolution. Moreover, the discovery and optimization of the synthesis and regulation elements of various primary to specialized metabolic flows provide the possibility for precise modification and personalized customization of metabolic pathways, which will greatly promote the development of synthetic biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Liqiang He
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany.
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gong C, Zhu H, Lu X, Yang D, Zhao S, Umer MJ, He N, Yuan P, Anees M, Diao W, Kaseb MO, Liu W. An integrated transcriptome and metabolome approach reveals the accumulation of taste-related metabolites and gene regulatory networks during watermelon fruit development. Planta 2021; 254:35. [PMID: 34292405 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03680-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation patterns and gene regulatory networks of sugars and cucurbitacins and related primary and secondary metabolites during cultivated watermelon 'Cheng Lan' and wild watermelon 'PI 632,751' fruit development were identified. Metabolites are the end products of cellular regulatory processes and play important roles in fruit taste formation. However, comprehensive studies on the accumulation patterns of watermelon fruit metabolites and transcriptional regulatory networks are still scarce. In this study, 451 annotated metabolites were identified at four key fruit developmental stages in wild watermelon 'PI 632,751' and modern cultivated watermelon 'Cheng Lan'. Interestingly, 11 sugars and 25 major primary metabolites were mainly accumulated in 'Cheng Lan' during fruit development, which are considered to be the potential metabolites beneficial to the formation of watermelon taste. Cucurbitacins and the main flavonoids were mainly specifically accumulated in 'PI 632,751', not being considered to be responsible for the taste. Moreover, forty-seven genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, glycolysis, and TCA cycle were highly expressed in 'Cheng Lan', which was positively correlated with the accumulation of major primary metabolites. Alternatively, seven UDP-glycosyltransferase genes are closely related to the glycosylation of cucurbitacins through co-expression analysis. Our findings established a global map of metabolite accumulation and gene regulation during fruit development in wild and cultivated watermelons and provided valuable information on taste formation in watermelon fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengsheng Gong
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Hongju Zhu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Dongdong Yang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Shengjie Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Nan He
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Pingli Yuan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Weinan Diao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - M O Kaseb
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Wenge Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Devi AB, Sarala R. Substantial effect of phytochemical constituents against the pandemic disease influenza-a review. Futur J Pharm Sci 2021; 7:120. [PMID: 34150912 PMCID: PMC8196934 DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by the influenza virus. Vaccination and antiviral drugs are the two methods opted to control the disease. Besides their efficiency, they also cause adverse side effects. Hence, scientists turned their attention to powerful herbal medicines. This review put focus on various proven, scientifically validated anti-influenza compounds produced by the plants suggested for the production of newer drugs for the better treatment of influenza and its related antiviral diseases too. Main body In this review, fifty medicinal herb phytochemical constituents and their anti-influenza activities have been documented. Specifically, this review brings out the accurate and substantiates mechanisms of action of these constituents. This study categorizes the phytochemical constituents into primary and secondary metabolites which provide a source for synthesizing and developing new drugs. Conclusion This article provides a summary of the actions of the herbal constituents. Since the mechanisms of action of the components are elucidated, the pandemic situation arising due to influenza and similar antiviral diseases can be handled promisingly with greater efficiency. However, clinical trials are in great demand. The formulation of usage may be a single drug compound or multi-herbal combination. These, in turn, open up a new arena for the pharmaceutical industries to develop innovative drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Brindha Devi
- Department of Botany, Periyar EVR College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24), Trichy-620 023, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Sarala
- Department of Botany, Periyar EVR College (Autonomous), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24), Trichy-620 023, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jia-Xi L, Chun-Xia Z, Ying H, Meng-Han Z, Ya-Nan W, Yue-Xin Q, Jing Y, Wen-Zhi Y, Miao-Miao J, De-An G. Application of multiple chemical and biological approaches for quality assessment of Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower) by determining both the primary and secondary metabolites. Phytomedicine 2019; 58:152826. [PMID: 30836217 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The florets of Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower) serve as the source of a reputable herbal medicine targeting gynecological diseases. Conventional investigations regarding the quality control of safflower, however, mainly focused on the secondary metabolites with primary metabolites ignored. PURPOSE To holistically evaluate the quality difference of safflower samples collected from five different producing regions by multiple chemical and biological approaches with both the primary and secondary metabolites considered. METHODS A precursor ions list-triggered data-dependent MS2 approach was established by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap MS) to comprehensively identify the secondary metabolites from safflower. Primary metabolites were identified by various 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Similarity evaluation and quantitative assays of all the characterized primary metabolites and a quinochalcone C-glycoside (QCG) marker, hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), were performed by quantitative 1H NMR (qNMR) using an external standard method. Multiple in vitro models with respect to the antioxidant, anti-platelet aggregation, and antioxidant stress injury effects, were assayed to determine the efficacy differences. RESULTS Totally thirteen primary metabolites (including one nucleoside, two sugars, five organic alkali/acids, and five amino acids) and 135 secondary metabolites (97 QCGs and 38 flavonoids) could be identified or tentatively characterized from safflower. Good chemical consistency was observed between the commercial safflower samples and a standard safflower sample, with similarity varying in the range of 0.95‒0.99. The results from qNMR-oriented quantitative experiments (thirteen primary metabolites and HSYA) and biological assays indicated the quality of safflower samples from Xinjiang (XJ-2 and XJ-4), Hunan (HuN-1 and HuN-2), and Sichuan (SC), was comparable to the standard safflower sample. CONCLUSION The integration of multiple chemical (using two analytical platforms, UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap MS and NMR) and biological (four in vitro models) approaches by determining both the primary and secondary metabolites demonstrated a powerful strategy that could facilitate the holistic quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jia-Xi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zhang Chun-Xia
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Hu Ying
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zhang Meng-Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Wang Ya-Nan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yue-Xin
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yang Jing
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yang Wen-Zhi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Jiang Miao-Miao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Guo De-An
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin 300193, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zuo Z, Ni B, Yang L. Production of primary metabolites in Microcystis aeruginosa in regulation of nitrogen limitation. Bioresour Technol 2018; 270:588-595. [PMID: 30266031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the regulatory effect of nitrogen (N) deficiency on primary metabolites in Microcystis aeruginosa, and promote the utilization of the alga. Low-N and Non-N conditions, especially Non-N, reduced the cell growth and photosynthetic abilities compared to Normal-N, as N deficiency triggered the down-regulation of genes involving in the photosynthetic process. Non-N not changed lipid content, due to no up-regulation of genes that promoted lipid synthesis. Soluble protein content significantly decreased under Non-N, which may result from the declined expression of genes relating to amino acid and histidyl-transfer RNA synthesis. Soluble and insoluble carbohydrate content significantly increased under Non-N, as the expression variation of genes blocked sugar degradation and promoted lipopolysaccharide synthesis. Therefore, M. aeruginosa can be used as the feedstock to produce carbohydrates under N deficiency for bioethanol production, and the remainder lipids after carbohydrate extraction can be used to produce biodiesel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojiang Zuo
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Binbin Ni
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kundu A, Mishra S, Vadassery J. Spodoptera litura-mediated chemical defense is differentially modulated in older and younger systemic leaves of Solanum lycopersicum. Planta 2018; 248:981-997. [PMID: 29987372 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolite profiling, biochemical assays, and transcript analysis revealed differential modulation of specific induced defense responses in local, older, and younger systemic leaves in Solanum lycopersicum upon Spodoptera litura herbivory. Plants reconfigure their metabolome upon herbivory to induce production of defense metabolites involved in both direct and indirect defenses against insect herbivores. Herbivory mediated leaf-to-leaf systemic induction pattern of primary and non-volatile secondary metabolites is not well studied in tomato. Here, we show that, in cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum herbivory by generalist insect, Spodoptera litura results in differential alteration of primary metabolites, majorly sugars and amino acids and specific secondary metabolites in local, younger, and older systemic leaves. Cluster analysis of 55 metabolites identified by GC-MS showed correlation between local and younger systemic leaves. Re-allocation of primary metabolites like glucose and amino acids from the local to systemic leaf was observed. Secondary metabolites chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and catechin were significantly induced during herbivory in systemic leaves. Among specific secondary metabolites, chlorogenic acid and catechin significantly inhibits S. litura larval growth in all stages. Local leaf exhibited increased lignin accumulation upon herbivory. Differential alteration of induced defense responses like reactive oxygen species, polyphenol oxidase activity, proteinase inhibitor, cell wall metabolites, and lignin accumulation was observed in systemic leaves. The metabolite alteration also resulted in increased defense in systemic leaves. Thus, comparative analysis of metabolites in local and systemic leaves of tomato revealed a constant re-allocation of primary metabolites to systemic leaves and differential induction of secondary metabolites and induced defenses upon herbivory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anish Kundu
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Delpino-Rius A, Marsol-Vall A, Eras J, Llovera M, Cubero MÁ, Balcells M, Canela-Garayoa R. Bulk industrial fruit fibres. Characterization and prevalence of the original fruit metabolites. Food Res Int 2018; 111:1-10. [PMID: 30007664 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we analysed the content of primary and secondary metabolites in nine types of industrially processed fibres derived from the juice industry. Specifically, we examined fibre from: apple, peach, and pear, as non-citrus fruits; the peel and flesh of orange and tangerine, and lemon flesh, as citrus fruits; and carrot, as vegetable. Regarding primary metabolites, the sugar content ranged from 21.6 mg/g in lemon to 290 mg/g in orange peel and lower mass organic acid content ranged from 25.0 mg/g in pear to 250 mg/g in lemon. The content of fatty acids were constant during fibre processing, ranging from 0.5 to 1.46%. Furthermore, the fatty acid profile was not affect for the processing. Concerning secondary metabolites, industrial processing did not decrease the sterols content, which ranged from 0.51 to 1.66 μg/g. Regarding carotenoids, of note was the presence of epoxycarotenoids, which may reflect the quality of the industrial process, thus giving added value to the by-product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jordi Eras
- Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; Scientific Technical Service DATCEM, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | - Montse Llovera
- Scientific Technical Service DATCEM, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Cubero
- Food Science and Technology Department, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; Indulleida, S.A., N. 230, km 12, 25125, Alguaire, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mercè Balcells
- Chemistry Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nursyam H. Antibacterial Activity of Metabolites Products of Vibrio Alginolyticus Isolated from Sponge Haliclona sp. Against Staphylococcus Aureus. Ital J Food Saf 2017; 6:6237. [PMID: 28299291 PMCID: PMC5337784 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2017.6237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of primary and secondary metabolites from Vibrio alginoliticus isolated from sponge Haliclona sp. against Staphylococcus aureus. A descriptive method was used in this research. The antibacterial activity was analysed by paper disk method. The results showed that the primary metabolites produced by Vibrio alginoliticus that is in symbiosis with sponge Haliclona sp. were able to effectively inhibit Staphylococcus aureus growth with an inhibition zone diameter of 12.9 mm, while the secondary metabolites of 9.9 mm. Electrophoresis analysis of the primary metabolites showed that there were 11 protein bands which were not found in secondary metabolites. Protein bands with low molecular weights presumably had an inhibiting effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Happy Nursyam
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Brawijaya , Malang, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang X, Han J, Hardie DB, Yang J, Pan J, Borchers CH. Metabolomic profiling of prostate cancer by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging using Matrix Coating Assisted by an Electric Field (MCAEF). Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom 2016; 1865:755-767. [PMID: 28017863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we combined the use of two MALDI matrices (quercetin and 9-aminoacridine), a recently developed new matrix coating technique - matrix coating assisted by an electric field (MCAEF), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization - Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTICRMS) to detect and image endogenous compounds in the cancerous and non-cancerous regions of three human prostate cancer (stage II) tissue specimens. After three rounds of imaging data acquisitions (i.e., quercetin for positive and negative ion detection and 9-aminoacridine for negative ion detection), and metabolite identification, a total of 1091 metabolites including 1032 lipids and 59 other metabolites were routinely detected and successfully localized. Of these compounds, 250 and 217 were only detected in either the cancerous or the non-cancerous regions respectively, although we cannot rule out the presence of these metabolites at concentrations below the detection limit. In addition, 152 of the other 624 metabolites showed differential distributions (p<0.05, t-test) between the two regions of the tissues. Further studies on a larger number of clinical specimens will need to be carried out to confirm this large number of apparently cancer-related metabolites. The successful determination of the spatial locations and abundances of these endogenous biomolecules indicated significant metabolism abnormalities - e.g., increased energy charge and under-expression of neutral acyl glycerides, in the prostate cancer samples. To our knowledge, this work has resulted in MALDI-MS imaging of the largest group of metabolites in prostate cancer thus far and demonstrated the importance of using complementary matrices for comprehensive metabolomic imaging by MALDI-MS. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MALDI Imaging, edited by Dr. Corinna Henkel and Prof. Peter Hoffmann.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Jun Han
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Darryl B Hardie
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Juncong Yang
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Jingxi Pan
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, Vancouver Island Technology Park, #3101-4464 Markham St., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Petch Building Room 207, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tohge T, Fernie AR. Metabolomics-Inspired Insight into Developmental, Environmental and Genetic Aspects of Tomato Fruit Chemical Composition and Quality. Plant Cell Physiol 2015; 56:1681-96. [PMID: 26228272 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tomato was one of the first plant species to be evaluated using metabolomics and remains one of the best characterized, with tomato fruit being both an important source of nutrition in the human diet and a valuable model system for the development of fleshy fruits. Additionally, given the broad habitat range of members of the tomato clade and the extensive use of exotic germplasm in tomato genetic research, it represents an excellent genetic model system for understanding both metabolism per se and the importance of various metabolites in conferring stress tolerance. This review summarizes technical approaches used to characterize the tomato metabolome to date and details insights into metabolic pathway structure and regulation that have been obtained via analysis of tissue samples taken under different developmental or environmental circumstance as well as following genetic perturbation. Particular attention is paid to compounds of importance for nutrition or the shelf-life of tomatoes. We propose furthermore how metabolomics information can be coupled to the burgeoning wealth of genome sequence data from the tomato clade to enhance further our understanding of (i) the shifts in metabolic regulation occurring during development and (ii) specialization of metabolism within the tomato clade as a consequence of either adaptive evolution or domestication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Tohge
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The vacuole is the largest compartment in plant cells, often occupying more than 80% of the total cell volume. This organelle accumulates a large variety of endogenous ions, metabolites, and xenobiotics. The compartmentation of divergent substances is relevant for a wide range of biological processes, such as the regulation of stomata movement, defense mechanisms against herbivores, flower coloration, etc. Progress in molecular and cellular biology has revealed that a large number of transporters and channels exist at the tonoplast. In recent years, various biochemical and physiological functions of these proteins have been characterized in detail. Some are involved in maintaining the homeostasis of ions and metabolites, whereas others are related to defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we provide an updated inventory of vacuolar transport mechanisms and a comprehensive summary of their physiological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobukazu Shitan
- Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|