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Thangarasu V, de Oliveira MR, Alves Oliveira LA, Aladawi S, Avila I. Combustion characteristics and gasification kinetics of Brazilian municipal solid waste subjected to different atmospheres by thermogravimetric analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 403:130906. [PMID: 38806134 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the gasification kinetics of Brazilian municipal solid waste (MSW) and its components under air, CO2, and air/CO2 (70/30 vol%) atmospheres. The ignition indices of paper and plastic are 6 and 3 times that of food waste, which are 38.6 × 10-3 %/min3 and 19.6 × 10-3 %/min3, respectively, implying a faster separation of volatile compounds from the paper and plastic. The minimum Eα values of 132 kJ/mol and 140 kJ/mol have been obtained for paper waste under air and air/CO2, respectively. On CO2 condition, MSW has an average Ea value of 96 kJ/mol. Under an air/CO2 atmosphere, a high synergistic ΔW of -4.7 wt% has been identified between individual components. The presence of air and CO2 improves the oxidation and char gasification process, thus resulting in better combustion. Hence, the gasification of MSW under an air/CO2 atmosphere would improve the waste-to-energy plant's performance and minimize the CO2 emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Thangarasu
- UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, School of Engineering, Department of Energy, Laboratory of Combustion and Carbon Capture (LC-3), Av. Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, 12516-410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil.
| | - Miriam Ricciulli de Oliveira
- UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, School of Engineering, Department of Energy, Laboratory of Combustion and Carbon Capture (LC-3), Av. Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, 12516-410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Augusto Alves Oliveira
- UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, School of Engineering, Department of Energy, Laboratory of Combustion and Carbon Capture (LC-3), Av. Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, 12516-410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil
| | - Saif Aladawi
- Department of Petroluem and Chemical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | - Ivonete Avila
- UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, School of Engineering, Department of Energy, Laboratory of Combustion and Carbon Capture (LC-3), Av. Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, 12516-410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil
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Zhu B, Jiang X, Li S, Zhu M. An Overview of Recycling Phenolic Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1255. [PMID: 38732725 PMCID: PMC11085933 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Over a century ago, phenolic formaldehyde (PF) resin was developed and continues to increase in yield due to its diverse applications. However, PF resin is a thermosetting plastic lacking fluidity and moldability, which are nondegradable in natural environments, leading to severe threats to fossil resources as well as global environmental crises. As a result, recycling PF resin is extremely important. In this review, we provide the recent advances in the recycling of PF resin, which includes mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and utilization of carbon-based materials. The advantages and disadvantages of each strategy are evaluated from a green chemistry perspective. This article aims to attract interest in PF resin design, synthesizing, application and recycling, offering useful suggestions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Songjun Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Maiyong Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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3
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Nair RR, Kißling PA, Schaate A, Marchanka A, Shamsuyeva M, Behrens P, Weichgrebe D. The influence of sample mass (scaling effect) on the synthesis and structure of non-graphitizing carbon (biochar) during the analytical pyrolysis of biomass. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13526-13539. [PMID: 37143911 PMCID: PMC10153483 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01911j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The porous non-graphitizing carbon (NGC) known as biochar is derived from the pyrolytic conversion of organic precursors and is widely investigated due to its multifunctional applications. At present, biochar is predominantly synthesized in custom lab-scale reactors (LSRs) to determine the properties of carbon, while a thermogravimetric reactor (TG) is utilized for pyrolysis characterization. This results in inconsistencies in the correlation between the structure of biochar carbon and the pyrolysis process. If a TG reactor can also be used as an LSR for biochar synthesis, then the process characteristics and the properties of the synthesized NGC can be simultaneously investigated. It also eliminates the need for expensive LSRs in the laboratory, improves the reproducibility, and correlatability of pyrolysis characteristics with the properties of the resulting biochar carbon. Furthermore, despite numerous TG studies on the kinetics and characterization of biomass pyrolysis, none have questioned how the properties of biochar carbon vary due to the influence of the starting sample mass (scaling) in the reactor. Herein, with a lignin-rich model substrate (walnut shells), TG is utilized as an LSR, for the first time, to investigate the scaling effect starting from the pure kinetic regime (KR). The changes in the pyrolysis characteristics and the structural properties of the resultant NGC with scaling are concurrently traced and comprehensively studied. It is conclusively proven that scaling influences the pyrolysis process and the NGC structure. There is a gradual shift in pyrolysis characteristics and NGC properties from the KR until an inflection mass of ∼200 mg is reached. After this, the carbon properties (aryl-C%, pore characteristics, defects in nanostructure, and biochar yield) are similar. At small scales (≲100 mg), and especially near the KR (≤10 mg) carbonization is higher despite the reduced char formation reaction. The pyrolysis is more endothermic near KR with increased emissions of CO2 and H2O. For a lignin-rich precursor, at masses above inflection point, TG can be employed for concurrent pyrolysis characterization and biochar synthesis for application-specific NGC investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Ramesh Nair
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management (ISAH), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Patrick A Kißling
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (PCI), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Andreas Schaate
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (ACI), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering, Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Alexander Marchanka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research (BMWZ), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Madina Shamsuyeva
- Institute of Plastics and Circular Economy (IKK), Leibniz University of Hannover Garbsen 30823 Germany
| | - Peter Behrens
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (ACI), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Dirk Weichgrebe
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management (ISAH), Leibniz University of Hannover Hannover 30167 Germany
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Chen Z, Chen Z, Liu J, Zhuang P, Evrendilek F, Huang S, Chen T, Xie W, He Y, Sun S. Optimizing co-combustion synergy of soil remediation biomass and pulverized coal toward energetic and gas-to-ash pollution controls. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159585. [PMID: 36272484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The co-combustion synergy of post-phytoremediation biomass may be optimized to cultivate a variety of benefits from reducing dependence on fossil fuels to stabilizing heavy metals in a small quantity of ash. This study characterized the thermo-kinetic parameters, gas-to-ash products, and energetically and environmentally optimal conditions for the co-combustions of aboveground (PG-A) and belowground (PG-B) biomass of Pfaffia glomerata (PG) with pulverized coal (PC). The mono-combustions of PG-A and PG-B involved the decompositions of cellulose and hemicellulose in the range of 162-400 °C and of lignin in the range of 400-600 °C. PG improved the combustion performance of PC, with the blends of 30 % PG-A and 70 % (PAC37) and 10 % PG-B and 90 % PC (PBC19) exhibiting the strongest synergy. Both PG-A and PG-B interacted with PC in the range of 160-440 °C, while PC positively affected PG in the range of 440-600 °C. PC decreased the apparent activation energy (Eα) of PG, with PBC19 having the lowest Eα value (107.85 kJ/mol). The reaction order models (Fn) best elucidated the co-combustion mechanisms of the main stages. Adding >50 % PC reduced the alkali metal content of PG, prevented the slagging and fouling depositions, and mitigated the Cd and Zn leaching toxicity. The functional groups, volatiles, and N- and S-containing gases fell with PAC37 and PBC19, while CO2 emission rose. Energetically and environmentally multiple objectives for the operational conditions were optimized via artificial neural networks. Our study presents controls over the co-circularity and co-combustion of the soil remediation plant and coal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Restoration in Farmland Soil, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
| | - Shengzheng Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wuming Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuiyu Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Özbay G, Koçak E, Ahmad MS. Pyrolysis of water buffalo manure: Influence of temperature and alkali hydroxide additives on the quality of bio-oil. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Sun X, Zhu Z, Zaman F, Huang Y, Guan Y. Detection and kinetic simulation of animal hair/wool wastes pyrolysis toward high-efficiency and sustainable management. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 131:305-312. [PMID: 34216872 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Large quantities of solid wastes are produced each year in the leather industry. The considerable wastes generated exhibit tremendous application potential in terms of renewable energy sources and functional materials. Among them, animal hair/wool wastes possess high carbon content, which can be used sustainably and efficiently by using pyrolysis. Herein, the pyrolysis process of hair/wool wastes was investigated using TG-IR and Py-GC/MS, while the pyrolysis kinetic and thermodynamic were analyzed using "model-free" methods. The results showed that the hair/wool waste pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages: dehydration, devolatilization, and carbonization. The volatile products were mainly phenols (7.42%) and heterocyclic compounds (21.26%), which can be directly used as bio-energy (bio-gases and bio-oil) or converted to other useful chemical products. The kinetic parameters (Ea and A) calculated using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, and Kissinger methods indicated the complexity of the decomposition reactions, which was also confirmed by thermodynamic (ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS) calculation. Some suggestions have also been provided for the preparation of functional biochar with heteroatoms (i.e., N, O, and S) doping. These results not only provide a guide for designing the pyrolysis of hair/wool wastes but can also help develop a potential method to convert the hair/wool wastes into bioenergy to achieve sustainable development of the leather industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuonan Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fakhar Zaman
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuepeng Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nano Fiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Parthasarathy P, Fernandez A, Al-Ansari T, Mackey HR, Rodriguez R, McKay G. Thermal degradation characteristics and gasification kinetics of camel manure using thermogravimetric analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112345. [PMID: 33735671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the sustainable valorisation of camel manure has been studied using thermogravimetric analysis. The gasification tests were performed from ambient conditions to 950 °C at 10, 20, and 50 °C/min under an O2 environment. The TGA data were applied to determine the kinetics of the O2 gasification. Single-heating rate models (Arrhenius and Coats-Redfern) and multi-heating rate models (Distributed activation energy, Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Starink, and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) were applied to estimate the kinetics of the process. Between the two single-heating rate models, the Coats-Redfern method fitted best with the experimental data. Among the multi-heating rate models, the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa model fitted best with the experimental results. The kinetic parameters-frequency factor, activation energy, and order of reaction were estimated using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa model (the best-fitting model) and the estimated kinetic parameters were used to calculate the thermodynamic properties-Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy. The information on these kinetic and thermodynamic properties can be useful for the design of gasifiers and for optimising the O2 gasification operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Parthasarathy
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Anabel Fernandez
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería (UNSJ), Grupo Vinculado al PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo), San Juan, Argentina
| | - Tareq Al-Ansari
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar; Division of Engineering Management and Decision Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamish R Mackey
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rosa Rodriguez
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería (UNSJ), Grupo Vinculado al PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo), San Juan, Argentina
| | - Gordon McKay
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
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8
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Parthasarathy P, Fernandez A, Al-Ansari T, Mackey HR, Rodriguez R, McKay G. Thermal degradation characteristics and gasification kinetics of camel manure using thermogravimetric analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 287:112345. [PMID: 33735671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the sustainable valorisation of camel manure has been studied using thermogravimetric analysis. The gasification tests were performed from ambient conditions to 950 °C at 10, 20, and 50 °C/min under an O2 environment. The TGA data were applied to determine the kinetics of the O2 gasification. Single-heating rate models (Arrhenius and Coats-Redfern) and multi-heating rate models (Distributed activation energy, Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Starink, and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose) were applied to estimate the kinetics of the process. Between the two single-heating rate models, the Coats-Redfern method fitted best with the experimental data. Among the multi-heating rate models, the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa model fitted best with the experimental results. The kinetic parameters-frequency factor, activation energy, and order of reaction were estimated using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa model (the best-fitting model) and the estimated kinetic parameters were used to calculate the thermodynamic properties-Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy. The information on these kinetic and thermodynamic properties can be useful for the design of gasifiers and for optimising the O2 gasification operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Parthasarathy
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Anabel Fernandez
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería (UNSJ), Grupo Vinculado al PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo), San Juan, Argentina
| | - Tareq Al-Ansari
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar; Division of Engineering Management and Decision Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamish R Mackey
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rosa Rodriguez
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería (UNSJ), Grupo Vinculado al PROBIEN (CONICET-UNCo), San Juan, Argentina
| | - Gordon McKay
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box:, 34110, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
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Ma M, Bai Y, Wang J, Song X, Su W, Wang F, Yu G. Thermal conversion behavior and nitrogen‐containing gas products evolution during co‐pyrolysis of cow manure and coal: A thermal gravimetric analyzer/differential scanning calorimetry–mass spectrometer investigation. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Yonghui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Jiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Xudong Song
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Weiguang Su
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Fuchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Guangsuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of High‐Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan China
- Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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Cano-Díaz GS, Rosas-Aburto A, Vivaldo-Lima E, Flores-Santos L, Vega-Hernández MA, Hernández-Luna MG, Martinez A. Determination of the Composition of Lignocellulosic Biomasses from Combined Analyses of Thermal, Spectroscopic, and Wet Chemical Methods. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Susana Cano-Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alberto Rosas-Aburto
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Vivaldo-Lima
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leticia Flores-Santos
- Rheomod De México, S.A.P.I. De C.V. José Vicente Villada 9-3. San Salvador Tizatlalli, Metepec, Estado de México CP52172, Mexico
| | - Miguel A. Vega-Hernández
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martín G. Hernández-Luna
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Martinez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
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Zhang J, Zou H, Liu J, Evrendilek F, Xie W, He Y, Buyukada M. Comparative (co-)pyrolytic performances and by-products of textile dyeing sludge and cattle manure: Deeper insights from Py-GC/MS, TG-FTIR, 2D-COS and PCA analyses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123276. [PMID: 32634665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Not only does pyrolysis recover energy and value-added by-products but also reduces waste stream volume. The low volatiles and high ash contents of textile dyeing sludge (TDS) limit its mono-pyrolysis performance. This study aimed to conduct an in-depth analysis of its co-pyrolytic performance with cattle manure (CM). The co-pyrolysis enhanced the volatiles emission from the early devolatilization stage whose reaction mechanism shifted from a diffusion model to a reaction-order model. The further cracking of macromolecular materials was mainly elucidated by the reaction-order model. The temperature dependency of the co-pyrolytic gases was of the following order: aliphatic hydrocarbons > CO2 > alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. The main co-pyrolytic volatile products were coumaran and 4-vinylguaiacol. The relative content of guaiacol-type components could be enhanced by co-pyrolysis and lowering the operational temperature to 450 °C. The interaction of co-pyrolysis enriched the char aromaticity. Our findings provide practical insights into the control and application opportunities and limitations on the high value-added energy and products from the co-pyrolysis of TDS and CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huihuang Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14052, Turkey
| | - Wuming Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Musa Buyukada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14052, Turkey
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12
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Carlos Domínguez J, Saz-Orozco BD, Oliet M, Virginia Alonso M, Rodriguez F. Thermal degradation kinetics of a lignin particle-reinforced phenolic foam. J CELL PLAST 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x20932889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the thermal degradation kinetics of a phenolic (PF) and lignin particle-reinforced phenolic (LRPF) foam and the lignin used as the reinforcement (LR) were studied. The activation energies of the degradation processes were obtained using a discrete distributed activation energy model (discrete DAEM) and the Vyazovkin model-free kinetic (MFK) method. The discrete DAEM was validated by comparing the predicted values with the data obtained at 8 °C min−1. Heating ramps of 6 and 12 °C min−1 were used to calculate the kinetic parameters through the model. The effect of the reinforcement on the kinetics of the LRPF was studied by comparison with the results obtained for the PF. For reactions with non-zero mass fractions, the activation energies of the PF were in the range between 79.9 and 177.6 kJ mol−1, and the activation energy for the LRPF ranged from 91 to 187 kJ mol−1. For the LR, the activation energy values were in a narrower range than for the foams: 150–187 kJ mol−1. The degradation process of the LRPF was modified due to the use of LR: the range of activation energy for LRPF was between the ranges for the PF and LR. The activation energy dependence on conversion was also calculated using the Vyazovkin method and compared with the DAEM results; no compensation effect for the kinetic parameters was found.
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Zhao R, Wang X, Liu L, Li P, Tian L. Slow pyrolysis characteristics of bamboo subfamily evaluated through kinetics and evolved gases analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121674. [PMID: 31247527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the pyrolysis and kinetic characteristics of three varieties of the bamboo subfamily via thermogravimetry/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR) coupling technologies. The pyrolysis process can be divided into three stages of dehydration, volatilization, and carbonization. TG-FTIR analysis revealed that evolved gas is constituted by CO2, CO, CH4, H2O, NO, NO2, formic acid, HCN, and CO functional groups as major pyrolysis products. The kinetic parameters of pyrolysis were calculated using model-free methods of distributed activation energy (DAEM). With an increase in conversion, the activation energy of each bamboo subfamily exhibited distinct variations. The average values of activation energy for moso bamboo, bambusa multiplex, and black bamboo determined by DAEM were 201.59, 220.49, and 224.47 kJ/mol, respectively. Results of thermodynamic and kinetic analysis indicate that the bamboo subfamily shows great potential as an alternative fuel by pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Zhao
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Liansheng Liu
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China.
| | - Pei Li
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Liang Tian
- School of Energy and Environment Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
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Awasthi MK, Sarsaiya S, Wainaina S, Rajendran K, Kumar S, Quan W, Duan Y, Awasthi SK, Chen H, Pandey A, Zhang Z, Jain A, Taherzadeh MJ. A critical review of organic manure biorefinery models toward sustainable circular bioeconomy: Technological challenges, advancements, innovations, and future perspectives. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2019; 111:115-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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15
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Zhou S, Liang H, Han L, Huang G, Yang Z. The influence of manure feedstock, slow pyrolysis, and hydrothermal temperature on manure thermochemical and combustion properties. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 88:85-95. [PMID: 31079653 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of organic wastes for char preparation has been proved as an effective way for livestock manure management. Livestock manure chars were prepared by slow pyrolysis (400, 500, 600 °C) and hydrothermal carbonization (180, 210, 240 °C) at different reaction temperatures. The influences of manure type and reaction condition to element content, calorific value, char yield, energy yield, and combustion characteristic were investigated. The results illustrate that thermochemical process can strongly affect the properties of pyrolytic char and hydrochar. Compared to pyrolytic char, the hydrochar had higher heating value, higher energy yield, and lower ash content with respect to the same feedstock. The livestock manure type could also influence the properties of biochars/hydrochars. Hydrochars from swine manure, broiler litter, and layer chicken litter achieved the highest energy yield of 65.5%, 56.9%, and 64.4% at 210 °C. Dairy cattle manure and beef cattle manure displayed higher energy yield and higher comprehensive combustibility index than other manures. Furthermore, HTC can narrow the weight loss temperature range in differential thermogravimetric curve of manures. Therefore, HTC is considered as a more effective approach in carbonizing animal manure for solid biofuel compared to slow pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Zhou
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Hao Liang
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lujia Han
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Guangqun Huang
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zengling Yang
- Laboratory of Biomass and Bioprocessing Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Fidalgo B, Chilmeran M, Somorin T, Sowale A, Kolios A, Parker A, Williams L, Collins M, McAdam E, Tyrrel S. Non-isothermal thermogravimetric kinetic analysis of the thermochemical conversion of human faeces. RENEWABLE ENERGY 2019; 132:1177-1184. [PMID: 31007417 PMCID: PMC6472681 DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge" set by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation aims to bring access to adequate sanitary systems to billions of people. In response to this challenge, on-site sanitation systems are proposed and being developed globally. These systems require in-situ thermal treatment, processes that are not well understood for human faeces (HF). Thermogravimetric analysis has been used to investigate the pyrolysis, gasification and combustion of HF. The results are compared to the thermal behaviour of simulant faeces (SF) and woody biomass (WB), along with the blends of HF and WB. Kinetic analysis was conducted using non-isothermal kinetics model-free methods, and the thermogravimetric data obtained for the combustion of HF, SS and WB. The results show that the devolatilisation of HF requires higher temperatures and rates are slower those of WB. Minimum temperatures of 475 K are required for fuel ignition. HF and SF showed similar thermal behaviour under pyrolysis, but not under combustion conditions. The activation energy for HF is 157.4 kJ/mol, relatively higher than SS and WB. Reaction order for HF is lower (n = 0.4) to WB (n = 0.6). In-situ treatment of HF in on-site sanitary systems can be designed for slow progressive burn.
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Zhang J, Huang B, Chen L, Li Y, Li W, Luo Z. Characteristics of biochar produced from yak manure at different pyrolysis temperatures and its effects on the yield and growth of highland barley. CHEMICAL SPECIATION & BIOAVAILABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09542299.2018.1487774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bing Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Metallurgy, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, PR China
- The State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Zhuanxi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
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18
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Yang L, Cao H, Yuan Q, Luoa S, Liu Z. Component optimization of dairy manure vermicompost, straw, and peat in seedling compressed substrates using simplex-centroid design. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2018; 68:215-226. [PMID: 28829690 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2017.1368736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vermicomposting is a promising method to disposal dairy manures, and the dairy manure vermicompost (DMV) to replace expensive peat is of high value in the application of seedling compressed substrates. In this research, three main components: DMV, straw, and peat, are conducted in the compressed substrates, and the effect of individual components and the corresponding optimal ratio for the seedling production are significant. To address these issues, the simplex-centroid experimental mixture design is employed, and the cucumber seedling experiment is conducted to evaluate the compressed substrates. Results demonstrated that the mechanical strength and physicochemical properties of compressed substrates for cucumber seedling can be well satisfied with suitable mixture ratio of the components. Moreover, DMV, straw, and peat) could be determined at 0.5917:0.1608:0.2475 when the weight coefficients of the three parameters (shoot length, root dry weight, and aboveground dry weight) were 1:1:1. For different purpose, the optimum ratio can be little changed on the basis of different weight coefficients. IMPLICATIONS Compressed substrate is lump and has certain mechanical strength, produced by application of mechanical pressure to the seedling substrates. It will not harm seedlings when bedding out the seedlings, since the compressed substrate and seedling are bedded out together. However, there is no one using the vermicompost and agricultural waste components of compressed substrate for vegetable seedling production before. Thus, it is important to understand the effect of individual components to seedling production, and to determine the optimal ratio of components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyuan Yang
- a College of Engineering , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Cao
- a College of Engineering , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoxia Yuan
- a College of Engineering , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Luoa
- a College of Engineering , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- a College of Engineering , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
- b Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River , Ministry of Agriculture , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
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Chen Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Liu K, Liang S, Xu X, Hu J, Yao H, Xiao B. Kinetic simulation and prediction of pyrolysis process for non-metallic fraction of waste printed circuit boards by discrete distributed activation energy model compared with isoconversional method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3636-3646. [PMID: 29164464 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic studies on the pyrolysis process for non-metallic fraction (NMF) of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) were conducted using both the isoconversional SKAS method and the discrete distributed activation energy model (discrete DAEM). The pyrolysis process of the NMF sample could be classified into three stages, and a large mass loss was observed from 98 to 570 °C, attributed to thermal degradation of epoxy resins in the NMF sample. The kinetic parameters, including activation energies (E i), pre-exponential factors (A i), and contributed fractions (f i,0), were determined. It indicated that the discrete DAEM could predict the pyrolysis process of the NMF more accurately and completely when compared with the isoconversional SKAS method. In the discrete DAEM, E i and A i values were evaluated at 99 equally spaced intervals of conversion. The E i and A i (in the form of lnA i) transformed with reaction progress, ranging from 80.9 to 240.5 kJ/mol and 19.07 to 39.55 s-1, respectively, with the conversion increased from 0.01 to 0.99. The pyrolysis of the NMF of WPCBs could be accurately characterized as 17 dominating reactions from f i,0 results. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Kang Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiukun Hu
- Dongjiang Environment, Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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Zhu Y, Yi B, Yuan Q, Wu Y, Wang M, Yan S. Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by cattle manure-derived low temperature biochar. RSC Adv 2018; 8:19917-19929. [PMID: 35541638 PMCID: PMC9080784 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a low cost and renewable adsorbent which can be used to remove dye from wastewater. Cattle manure-derived low temperature biochar (CMB) was studied to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution in this paper. The effect of factors including initial concentration of MB, dosage, contact time, and pH on the adsorption properties of MB onto biochar were studied. Characterization of the CMB and MB adsorbed on CMB was performed using techniques including BET, FTIR and SEM. The adsorption isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics and mechanism were also studied. The results showed the equilibrium data were well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model, and the saturation adsorption capacity of CMB200 was 241.99 mg g−1. Pseudo-second order kinetics was the most suitable model for describing the adsorption of MB onto biochar. The adsorption thermodynamics of MB on biochar showed that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Through zeta potential measurement, Boehm titration, cation exchange, deashing and esterification experiments, the importance of ash to adsorption was verified, as well as the adsorption mechanism. The adsorption mechanism of MB on CMB200 involved cation exchange, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, physical effects and others. This work shows that CMB200 holds promise to act as an effective adsorbent to remove MB in wastewater. Biochar is a kind of low cost and renewable adsorbents which can be used to remove dye from wastewater. The mechanism between MB and CMB involved cation exchange, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, physical function and others.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhu
- College of Engineering
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Baojun Yi
- College of Engineering
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in the Mid-lower Yangtze River
| | - Qiaoxia Yuan
- College of Engineering
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in the Mid-lower Yangtze River
| | - Yunlian Wu
- College of Engineering
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Engineering
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in the Mid-lower Yangtze River
| | - Shuiping Yan
- College of Engineering
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in the Mid-lower Yangtze River
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Zhou B, Zhou J, Zhang Q. Research on pyrolysis behavior of Camellia sinensis branches via the Discrete Distributed Activation Energy Model. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:113-119. [PMID: 28551431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at investigating the pyrolysis behavior of Camellia sinensis branches by the Discrete Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM) and thermogravimetric experiments. Then the Discrete DAEM method is used to describe pyrolysis process of Camellia sinensis branches dominated by 12 characterized reactions. The decomposition mechanism of Camellia sinensis branches and interaction with components are observed. And the reaction at 350.77°C is a significant boundary of the first and second reaction range. The pyrolysis process of Camellia sinensis branches at the heating rate of 10,000°C/min is predicted and provides valuable references for gasification or combustion. The relationship and function between four typical indexes and heating rates from 10 to 10,000°C/min are revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingliang Zhou
- Materials Science & Engineering College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianbin Zhou
- Materials Science & Engineering College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Materials Science & Engineering College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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22
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Li X, Mei Q, Dai X, Ding G. Effect of anaerobic digestion on sequential pyrolysis kinetics of organic solid wastes using thermogravimetric analysis and distributed activation energy model. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 227:297-307. [PMID: 28040651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermogravimetric analysis, Gaussian-fit-peak model (GFPM), and distributed activation energy model (DAEM) were firstly used to explore the effect of anaerobic digestion on sequential pyrolysis kinetic of four organic solid wastes (OSW). Results showed that the OSW weight loss mainly occurred in the second pyrolysis stage relating to organic matter decomposition. Compared with raw substrate, the weight loss of corresponding digestate was lower in the range of 180-550°C, but was higher in 550-900°C. GFPM analysis revealed that organic components volatized at peak temperatures of 188-263, 373-401 and 420-462°C had a faster degradation rate than those at 274-327°C during anaerobic digestion. DAEM analysis showed that anaerobic digestion had discrepant effects on activation energy for four OSW pyrolysis, possibly because of their different organic composition. It requires further investigation for the special organic matter, i.e., protein-like and carbohydrate-like groups, to confirm the assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qingqing Mei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Guoji Ding
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
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Chen W, Annamalai K, Sun J, Chen Y. Chemical kinetics of bean straw biofuel pyrolysis using maximum volatile release method. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-016-0088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cao H, Xin Y, Yuan Q. Prediction of biochar yield from cattle manure pyrolysis via least squares support vector machine intelligent approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:158-164. [PMID: 26708483 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To predict conveniently the biochar yield from cattle manure pyrolysis, intelligent modeling approach was introduced in this research. A traditional artificial neural networks (ANN) model and a novel least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) model were developed. For the identification and prediction evaluation of the models, a data set with 33 experimental data was used, which were obtained using a laboratory-scale fixed bed reaction system. The results demonstrated that the intelligent modeling approach is greatly convenient and effective for the prediction of the biochar yield. In particular, the novel LS-SVM model has a more satisfying predicting performance and its robustness is better than the traditional ANN model. The introduction and application of the LS-SVM modeling method gives a successful example, which is a good reference for the modeling study of cattle manure pyrolysis process, even other similar processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Cao
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ya Xin
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Qiaoxia Yuan
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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