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Wang Y, Coyne KJ. Molecular Insights into the Synergistic Effects of Putrescine and Ammonium on Dinoflagellates. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1306. [PMID: 38279308 PMCID: PMC10816187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ammonium and polyamines are essential nitrogen metabolites in all living organisms. Crosstalk between ammonium and polyamines through their metabolic pathways has been demonstrated in plants and animals, while no research has been directed to explore this relationship in algae or to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Previous research demonstrated that high concentrations of ammonium and putrescine were among the active substances in bacteria-derived algicide targeting dinoflagellates, suggesting that the biochemical inter-connection and/or interaction of these nitrogen compounds play an essential role in controlling these ecologically important algal species. In this research, putrescine, ammonium, or a combination of putrescine and ammonium was added to cultures of three dinoflagellate species to explore their effects. The results demonstrated the dose-dependent and species-specific synergistic effects of putrescine and ammonium on these species. To further explore the molecular mechanisms behind the synergistic effects, transcriptome analysis was conducted on dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum treated with putrescine or ammonium vs. a combination of putrescine and ammonium. The results suggested that the synergistic effects of putrescine and ammonium disrupted polyamine homeostasis and reduced ammonium tolerance, which may have contributed to the cell death of K. veneficum. There was also transcriptomic evidence of damage to chloroplasts and impaired photosynthesis of K. veneficum. This research illustrates the molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic effects of the major nitrogen metabolites, ammonium and putrescine, in dinoflagellates and provides direction for future studies on polyamine biology in algal species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn J. Coyne
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Environment, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958, USA;
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2
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Nagabalaji V, Maharaja P, Nishanthi R, Sathish G, Suthanthararajan R, Srinivasan SV. Effect of co-culturing bacteria and microalgae and influence of inoculum ratio during the biological treatment of tannery wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 341:118008. [PMID: 37146488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This present investigation is carried out to study the effect of algal and bacterial inoculum concentrations on the removal of organic pollutants and nutrients from the tannery effluent by the combined symbiotic treatment process. The bacterial and microalgal consortia was developed in laboratory setup and mixed together to perform this study. The Influence of algae and bacteria inoculum concentrations on the removal of pollutants such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) were studied using statistical optimization through Response surface methodology. For the design of experimental set up and optimization, full factorial Central composite design was used. The profiles of pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and nitrate were also monitored and studied. The inoculum concentrations of microalgae and bacteria showed significant effect on Co-culturing on COD, TKN and nitrate removals as major response. The linear effect of bacterial inoculum has positive dominant influence on COD and TKN removal efficiencies. Nitrate utilization by microalgae increases with the increase in microalgal inoculum concentration. The maximum removal efficiencies of COD and TKN with 89.9% and 80.9% were obtained at optimum bacterial and algal inoculum concentrations of 6.7 g/L and 8.0 g/L respectively. These outcomes of this study are immensely favorable for maximizing the COD and nitrogen (nutrients) removal capabilities of microalgae-bacterial consortia in tannery effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velmurugan Nagabalaji
- Environmental Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600 020, India; Academy of Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Pounsamy Maharaja
- Environmental Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600 020, India
| | - Rajendiran Nishanthi
- Environmental Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600 020, India
| | - Ganesan Sathish
- Environmental Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600 020, India
| | | | - Shanmugham Venkatachalam Srinivasan
- Environmental Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600 020, India; Academy of Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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3
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Microalgae-mediated wastewater treatment for biofuels production: A comprehensive review. Microbiol Res 2022; 265:127187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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4
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Wang Y, Coyne KJ. Metabolomic Insights of the Effects of Bacterial Algicide IRI-160AA on Dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040317. [PMID: 35448504 PMCID: PMC9030264 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella sp. IRI-160 is an algicidal bacterium that secretes an algicide, IRI-160AA. This algicide specifically targets dinoflagellates, while having no adverse effects on other algal species tested. Dinoflagellates exposed to IRI-160AA exhibited increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, and cell cycle arrest, implying a programmed pathway leading to cell death (PCD). Here, a metabolomic analysis was conducted on dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum and a control cryptophyte species Rhodomonas exposed to IRI-160AA to investigate the cellular mechanisms behind the physiological effects and the specificity of this algicide. Results of this research supported previous observations about physiological responses to the algicide. A suite of metabolites was identified that increased in the cell pellets of K. veneficum but not in Rhodomonas, including oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidants, and compounds involved in DNA damage and PCD. Overall, the results of this study illustrated the metabolomic mechanisms underlying the algicidal effects of IRI-160AA on dinoflagellates. This research also provided insights and future directions for studies on the cellular response of dinoflagellates exposed to antagonistic bacteria in the environment.
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Geng B, Li Y, Liu X, Ye J, Guo W. Effective treatment of aquaculture wastewater with mussel/microalgae/bacteria complex ecosystem: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2263. [PMID: 35145109 PMCID: PMC8831588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The discharge of aquaculture wastewater increased significantly in China. Especially, high content of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater could destroy the receiving water environment. To reduce the pollution of aquaculture wastewater, farmed triangle sail mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) was proposed to be cultivated in the river. This was the first time that bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) and microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) were also used and complemented ecosystem functions. The pollutants in wastewater were assimilated by Chlorella vulgaris biomass, which was then removed through continuous filter-feeding of Hyriopsis cumingii. While, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis enhanced the digestive enzyme activities of mussel. It demonstrated that approximately 4 mussels/m3 was the optimal breeding density. Under such condition, orthogonal experiment indicated that the dose of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Chlorella vulgaris should be 0.5, 1, and 2 mL respectively. Compared with mussel, mussel/microalgae, mussel/bacteria system, treatment ability of the mussel/microalgae/bacteria system in batch experiment was better, and 94.67% of NH3-N, 92.89% of TP and 77.78% of COD were reduced after reaction for 6 days. Finally, 90 thousand mussels per hectare of water were cultivated in Kulv river in China, and the field experiment showed that water quality was significantly improved. After about 35 days of operation, NH3-N, TN, TP and COD concentration were maintained around 0.3, 0.8, 0.3, and 30 mg/L respectively. Therefore, the mussel/microalgae /bacteria system in this study showed a sustainable and efficient characteristic of aquaculture wastewater bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Geng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yongchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weifeng Guo
- Zhejiang Qinghu Agricultural Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Shaoxing, 312000, China
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Marchão L, Fernandes JR, Sampaio A, Peres JA, Tavares PB, Lucas MS. Microalgae and immobilized TiO 2/UV-A LEDs as a sustainable alternative for winery wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117464. [PMID: 34371233 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This work intends to promote the growth of microalgae biomass with simultaneous remediation of an agro-industrial wastewater. Winery wastewater (WW) was used as growth media for the cyanobacteria Arthrospira maxima and the green microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus, Auxenochlorella protothecoides and Chlorella vulgaris, under mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions. The latter species stands out under mixotrophic conditions, with removals of TOC and TN above 90%. Biomass production and pollutant removal were influenced by the initial WW concentration. Maximum removal values within 8 days of incubation were 92, 91, 49 and 40% for COD, TN, polyphenols and P-PO4, respectively, and 147.5 mg L-1 d-1 of biomass productivity. C. vulgaris biomass showed higher carotenoid content (maximum of 8.7 mg/g) when grown in WW, compared to autotrophic conditions (6.5 mg/g), making the bioremediation process more viable with the production of valuable by-products such as pigments. As the pollutant load removed by the microalgae does not allow reach the legal limits of release treated waters in natural water courses, a tertiary treatment process was applied. A post-treatment by photocatalysis in a UV LEDs photoreactor with TiO2-supported in Raschig rings was proposed for the removal of COD and polyphenols from a high loaded WW. The heterogeneous photocatalytic process was efficient in removing 80% of total polyphenols and 40% of COD, allowing the release of the treated water in superficial water courses since complies with the legal limits (COD below 150 mg L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonilde Marchão
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQVR) and Department of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José R Fernandes
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQVR) and Department of Physics, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Sampaio
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José A Peres
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQVR) and Department of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro B Tavares
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQVR) and Department of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Marco S Lucas
- Chemistry Centre, Vila Real (CQVR) and Department of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
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7
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Wang Q, Yu Z, Wei D, Chen W, Xie J. Mixotrophic Chlorella pyrenoidosa as cell factory for ultrahigh-efficient removal of ammonium from catalyzer wastewater with valuable algal biomass coproduction through short-time acclimation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125151. [PMID: 33892430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To achieve ultrahigh-efficient ammonium removal and valuable biomass coproduction, Chlorella-mediated short-time acclimation was implemented in photo-fermentation. The results demonstrated short-time acclimation of mixotrophic Chlorella pyrenoidosa could significantly improve NH4+ removal and biomass production in shake flasks. After acclimation through two batch cultures in 5-L photo-fermenter, the maximum NH4+ removal rate (1,400 mg L-1 d-1) were achieved under high NH4+ level (4,750 mg L-1) in batch 3. In 50-L photo-fermenter, through one batch acclimated culture, the maximum NH4+ removal rate (2,212 mg L-1 d-1) and biomass concentration (58.4 g L-1) were achieved in batch 2, with the highest productivities of protein (5.56 g L-1 d-1) and total lipids (5.66 g L-1 d-1). The hypothetical pathway of nutrients assimilation in mixotrophic cells as cell factory was proposed with detailed discussion. This study provided a novel strategy for high-ammonium wastewater treatment without dilution, facilitating the algae-based "waste-to-treasure" bioconversion process for green manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingke Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weining Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Surviving Starvation: Proteomic and Lipidomic Profiling of Nutrient Deprivation in the Smallest Known Free-Living Eukaryote. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10070273. [PMID: 32635273 PMCID: PMC7407893 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10070273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine phytoplankton, comprising cyanobacteria, micro- and pico-algae are key to photosynthesis, oxygen production and carbon assimilation on Earth. The unicellular green picoalga Ostreococcus tauri holds a key position at the base of the green lineage of plants, which makes it an interesting model organism. O. tauri has adapted to survive in low levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in the open ocean and also during rapid changes in the levels of these nutrients in coastal waters. In this study, we have employed untargeted proteomic and lipidomic strategies to investigate the molecular responses of O. tauri to low-nitrogen and low-phosphorus environments. In the absence of external nitrogen, there was an elevation in the expression of ammonia and urea transporter proteins together with an accumulation of triglycerides. In phosphate-limiting conditions, the expression levels of phosphokinases and phosphate transporters were increased, indicating an attempt to maximise scavenging opportunities as opposed to energy conservation conditions. The production of betaine lipids was also elevated, highlighting a shift away from phospholipid metabolism. This finding was supported by the putative identification of betaine synthase in O. tauri. This work offers additional perspectives on the complex strategies that underpin the adaptive processes of the smallest known free-living eukaryote to alterations in environmental conditions.
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Helisch H, Keppler J, Detrell G, Belz S, Ewald R, Fasoulas S, Heyer AG. High density long-term cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris SAG 211-12 in a novel microgravity-capable membrane raceway photobioreactor for future bioregenerative life support in SPACE. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2020; 24:91-107. [PMID: 31987484 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid life support systems are of great interest for future far-distant space exploration missions to planetary surfaces, e.g. Mars, planned until 2050. By synergistically combining physicochemical and biotechnological algae-based subsystems, an essential step towards the closure of the carbon loop in environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS) shall be accomplished, offering a wide beneficial potential for ECLSS through the utilization of oxygenic photosynthesis: O2 and potential human food can be formed in-situ from CO2 and water. The wild type green alga Chlorella vulgaris strain SAG 211-12 was selected as model microorganism due to its photoautotrophic growth, high biomass yield, cultivation flexibility and long-term cultivation robustness. The current study presents for the first time a stable xenic long-term processing of microalgae in a novel microgravity capable membrane raceway photobioreactor for 188 days with the focus on algal growth kinetics and gas evolution. In particular, culture homogeneity and viability were monitored and evaluated during the whole cultivation process due to their putative crucial impact on long-term functionality and efficiency of a closed cultivation system. Based on a specially designed cyclic batch cultivation process for SAG 211-12, a successive biomass growth up to a maximum of 12.2 g l-1 with a max. global volumetric productivity of 1.3 g l-1 d-1 was reached within the closed loop system. The photosynthetic capacity was assessed to a global molar photosynthetic quotient of 0.31. Furthermore, cultivation parameters for a change from batch to continuous processing at high biomass densities and proliferation rates are introduced. The presented µgPBR miniature plant and the developed high throughput cultivation process are planned to be tested under real space conditions within the PBR@LSR project (microgravity and cosmic radiation) aboard the International Space Station with an operation period of up to 180 days to investigate the impact on long-term system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Helisch
- Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jochen Keppler
- Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gisela Detrell
- Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Belz
- Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Reinhold Ewald
- Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefanos Fasoulas
- Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Arnd G Heyer
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Mishra A, Medhi K, Malaviya P, Thakur IS. Omics approaches for microalgal applications: Prospects and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121890. [PMID: 31378447 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent impetus of phycological research, microalgae have emerged as a potential candidate for various arena of application-driven research. Omics-based tactics are used for disentangling the regulation and network integration for biosynthesis/degradation of metabolic precursors, intermediates, end products, and identifying the networks that regulate the metabolic flux. Multi-omics coupled with data analytics have facilitated understanding of biological processes and allow ample access to diverse metabolic pathways utilized for genetic manipulations making microalgal factories more efficient. The present review discusses state-of-art "Algomics" and the prospect of microalgae and their role in symbiotic association by using omics approaches including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Microalgal based uni- and multi-omics approaches are critically analyzed in wastewater treatment, metal toxicity and remediation, biofuel production, and therapeutics to provide an imminent outlook for an array of environmentally sustainable and economically viable microalgal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Mishra
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Kristina Medhi
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Malaviya
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Jammu, Jammu (J&K), India
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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11
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Benítez MB, Champagne P, Ramos A, Torres AF, Ochoa-Herrera V. Wastewater treatment for nutrient removal with Ecuadorian native microalgae. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:2977-2985. [PMID: 29600735 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1459874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this project was to study the feasibility of utilizing native microalgae for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, as a potential secondary wastewater treatment process in Ecuador. Agitation and aeration batch experiments were conducted using synthetic secondary wastewater effluent, to determine nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies by a native Ecuadorian microalgal strain. Experimental results indicated that microalgal cultures could successfully remove nitrogen and phosphorus. NH4+-N and PO43--P removal efficiencies of 52.6 and 55.6%, and 67.0 and 20.4%, as well as NO3--N production efficiencies of 87.0 and 93.1% were reported in agitation and aeration photobioreactors, respectively. Aeration was not found to increase the nutrient removal efficiency of NH4+-N . Moreover, in the case of PO43--P , a negative impact was observed, where removal efficiencies decreased by a factor of 3.3 at higher aeration rates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the removal of nutrients by native Ecuadorian Chlorella sp., hence the results of this study would indicate that this native microalgal strain could be successfully incorporated in a potential treatment process for nutrient removal in Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Benítez
- a Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito , Quito , Ecuador
| | - Pascale Champagne
- b Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Ana Ramos
- c Department of Biology, Queen's University , Kingston , Canada
| | - Andres F Torres
- d Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito , Quito , Ecuador
| | - Valeria Ochoa-Herrera
- a Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito , Quito , Ecuador
- e Instituto Biósfera, Universidad San Francisco de Quito , Quito , Ecuador
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12
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Liu X, Wang K, Zhang J, Wang J, Wu J, Peng F. Ammonium removal potential and its conversion pathways by free and immobilized Scenedesmus obliquus from wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:184-190. [PMID: 30904698 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the immobilization with sodium alginate (SA) for cultivating microalgae in entrapped matrix gel beads was conducted for separating it from water. Batch experiments with a period of 5 days were carried out for free and immobilized Scenedesmus obliquus simultaneously under two trophic modes, to compare the removal performances of different initial ammonium (NH4+-N) concentrations. In both free and immobilized form, the positive C-dependent effect in mixotrophy and the negative N-dependent effect in heterotrophy were observed. And the performances of immobilized form were all superior to that of free form, which showed greater tolerance to high concentration, maximally representing 96.6 ± 0.1% removal in 50 mg/L of NH4+-N in mixotrophy. Assimilation of NH4+-N was the main removal pathway resulting the protein synthesis with the dominant component including glutamic acid (Glu), cystine (Cys), arginine (Arg) and proline (Pro). The results demonstrated a systematic understanding for NH4+-N removal in microalgae-based system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, PR China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, PR China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jingyao Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, PR China
| | - Fei Peng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, PR China
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13
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Xiao M, Ma H, Sun M, Yin X, Feng Q, Song H, Gai H. Characterization of cometabolic degradation of p-cresol with phenol as growth substrate by Chlorella vulgaris. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 281:296-302. [PMID: 30826515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential application of Chlorella vulgaris in the treatment of coal gasification wastewater, the characteristics of phenol and p-cresol cometabolism by Chlorella vulgaris were studied, including phenol degradation, ammonia nitrogen removal, antioxidant enzyme activities, and phenol hydroxylase activity. The results showed that the highest tolerable concentrations of phenol and p-cresol for Chlorella vulgaris were 800 and 400 mg/L, respectively. During cometabolism, phenol at low concentrations (100 mg/L) significantly promoted the degradation of p-cresol. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen was approximately 60% and was not affected by variations in phenol concentration. Furthermore, the cometabolism of phenol and p-cresol was enhanced by improvement of phenol hydroxylase activity of Chlorella vulgaris after the addition of NaHCO3 as an exogenous nutrient. Therefore, Chlorella vulgaris has a great potential for the biochemical treatment of coal gasification wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Honglei Ma
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Meng Sun
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Yin
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Qingmin Feng
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Hongbing Song
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Hengjun Gai
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.
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Ramírez-López C, Perales-Vela HV, Fernández-Linares L. Biomass and lipid production from Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 26 cultivated in 2 m 3 raceway ponds under semicontinuous mode during the spring season. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:252-260. [PMID: 30529329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 26 semicontinuous culture was implemented in 2000 L raceways with M medium during spring season at greenhouse conditions. Areal biomass productivities between 20 and 26 g m-2 d-1 were reached on the third day. The maximal areal lipid productivity obtained was 6.1 g m-2 d-1 and an increment in the saturated fatty acids (SFA) proportion (C14-C18) was favored in comparison with the fatty acids obtained with M medium in photobioreactors of 1 L and photoperiod light:darkness 12:12 h. After the eighth day of the culture or biomass concentrations above 0.25 g L-1, the microalgal cultures were prone to contamination by ciliates and amoebae, due to the sugars excreted by C. vulgaris UTEX 26. The periodical addition of NH4HCO3 to the microalgal culture maintained the ammonium concentration between 25 and 50 mg L-1, which contributed to diminish the contamination risks by protozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlally Ramírez-López
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto S/N, Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hugo Virgilio Perales-Vela
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios 1, Col. Barrio de los Árboles/Barrio de los Héroes, 54090 Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernández-Linares
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto S/N, Col. Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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15
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Simultaneous treatment of domestic wastewater and bio-lipid synthesis using immobilized and suspended cultures of microalgae and activated sludge. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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16
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Chang H, Quan X, Zhong N, Zhang Z, Lu C, Li G, Cheng Z, Yang L. High-efficiency nutrients reclamation from landfill leachate by microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in membrane photobioreactor for bio-lipid production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:374-381. [PMID: 29982060 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Using microalgae to treat landfill leachate is a promising approach due to the effective nutrients reclamation ability and additional profit of bio-lipid production. To offset the negative effect of landfill leachate on microalgae cells, a membrane photobioreactor (m-PBR) was adopted in the study, in which microalgae biomass concentration was improved from 0.66 in traditional photobioreactor (T-PBR) to 0.95 g/L. Nutrients reclamation efficiencies of leachate were analyzed according to elemental balance, and the results showed that nitrogen reclamation efficiency was generally lower than 50% while phosphorus reclamation efficiency was higher than 70% due to elemental availability. The nitrogen and phosphorus reclamation efficiencies in the m-PBR were much higher than that in the T-PBR. Besides, lipid produced from the m-PBR had a high cetane number of 60.96% and low linolenic acid content of 8.32%, which demonstrated good combustion properties of the microalgae-based lipid when using landfill leachate as nutrients source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixing Chang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; Chongqing Municipal Solid Waste Resource Utilization & Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejun Quan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Nianbing Zhong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Fiber Optic Sensor and Photodetector, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Modern Photoelectric Detection Technology and Instrument, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Zhien Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Cunfang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Zhiliang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Solid Waste Resource Utilization & Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center, Chongqing, China
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17
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Lu Q, Li J, Wang J, Li K, Li J, Han P, Chen P, Zhou W. Exploration of a mechanism for the production of highly unsaturated fatty acids in Scenedesmus sp. at low temperature grown on oil crop residue based medium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:542-551. [PMID: 28803104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of algae to produce lipids comprising of unsaturated fatty acids varies with strains and culture conditions. This study investigates the effect of temperature on the production of unsaturated fatty acids in Scenedesmus sp. grown on oil crop residue based medium. At low temperature (10°C), synthesis of lipids compromising of high contents of unsaturated fatty acids took place primarily in the early stage while protein accumulation mainly occurred in the late stage. This stepwise lipid-protein synthesis process was found to be associated with the contents of acetyl-CoA and α-KG in the algal cells. A mechanism was proposed and tested through simulation experiments which quantified the carbon flux allocation in algal cells at different cultivation stages. It is concluded that low culture temperature such as 10°C is suitable for the production of lipids comprising of unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Li
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pei Han
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining, Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Department, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, United States
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- School of Resources, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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18
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Chang HX, Fu Q, Huang Y, Xia A, Liao Q, Zhu X, Zheng YP, Sun CH. An annular photobioreactor with ion-exchange-membrane for non-touch microalgae cultivation with wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:668-676. [PMID: 27544917 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
To eliminate the negative impacts of pollutants in wastewater (such as suspended solids, excess N, P, heavy metals) on microalgae growth, an annular ion-exchange-membrane photobioreactor (IEM-PBR) was proposed in this study. The IEM-PBR could avoid direct mixing of algae cells with wastewater by separating them into two chambers. In the IEM-PBR, the nutrients (mainly N and P) in wastewater continuously permeated into microalgae cultures through the ion-exchange-membrane for microalgae growth, while the pollutants hardly permeated into microalgae cultures. Three types of representative wastewater were investigated to evaluate the performance of the IEM-PBR. When cultivated with wastewater containing excess nutrients, high turbidity and excess heavy metals, microalgae biomass concentrations were significantly improved from 2.34, 2.15 and 0gL(-1) in the traditional PBR to 4.24, 3.13 and 2.04gL(-1) in the IEM-PBR. Correspondingly, the removal efficiencies of N and P in wastewater were also greatly improved by using the IEM-PBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Chi-He Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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19
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Zhou Q, Li F, Ge F, Liu N, Kuang Y. Nutrient removal by Chlorella vulgaris F1068 under cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide induced hormesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19450-19460. [PMID: 27381355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6999-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxicants are generally harmful to biotechnology in wastewater treatment. However, trace toxicant can induce microbial hormesis, but to date, it is still unknown how this phenomenon affects nutrient removal during municipal wastewater treatment process. Therefore, this study focused on the effects of hormesis induced by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), a representative quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant, on nutrient removal by Chlorella vulgaris F1068. Results showed that when the concentration of CTAB was less than 10 ng/L, the cellular components chlorophyll a, proteins, polysaccharides, and total lipids increased by 10.11, 58.17, 38.78, and 11.87 %, respectively, and some enzymes in nutrient metabolism of algal cells, such as glutamine synthetase (GS), acid phosphatase (ACP), H(+)-ATPase, and esterase, were also enhanced. As a result, the removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen (NH4 (+)) and total phosphorus (TP) increased by 14.66 and 8.51 %, respectively, compared to the control during a 7-day test period. The underlying mechanism was mainly due to an enhanced photosynthetic activity of C. vulgaris F1068 indicated by the increase in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (the value of Fv/Fm, ΦII, Fv/Fo, and rETR increased by 12.99, 7.56, 25.59, and 8.11 %, respectively) and adenylate energy charge (AEC) (from 0.68 to 0.72). These results suggest that hormesis induced by trace toxicants could enhance the nutrient removal, which would be further considered in the design of municipal wastewater treatment processes. Graphical abstract The schematic mechanism of C. vulgaris F1068 under CTAB induced hormesis. Green arrows ( ) represent the increase and the red arrow ( ) represents the decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Li
- Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Ge
- Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China.
| | - Na Liu
- Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
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20
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Fu Q, Chang HX, Huang Y, Liao Q, Zhu X, Xia A, Sun YH. A novel self-adaptive microalgae photobioreactor using anion exchange membranes for continuous supply of nutrients. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:629-636. [PMID: 27187567 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel self-adaptive microalgae photobioreactor using anion exchange membranes (AEM-PBR) for continuous supply of nutrients was proposed to improve microalgae biomass production. The introduction of anion exchange membranes to the PBR can realize continuous supply of nutrients at desired rates, which is beneficial to the growth of microalgae. The results showed that the maximum biomass concentration obtained in the AEM-PBR under continuous supply of nitrogen at an average rate of 19.0mgN/L/d was 2.98g/L, which was 129.2% higher than that (1.30g/L) in a PBR with all the nitrogen supplied in batch at initial. In addition, the feeding rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were optimized in the AEM-PBR to maximize biomass production. The maximum biomass concentration of 4.38g/L was obtained under synergistic regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus feeding rates at 19.0mgN/L/d and 4.2mgP/L/d. The AEM-PBR demonstrates a promising approach for high-density cultivation of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hai-Xing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ya-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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21
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Ramírez-López C, Chairez I, Fernández-Linares L. A novel culture medium designed for the simultaneous enhancement of biomass and lipid production by Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 26. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 212:207-216. [PMID: 27099946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel culture medium to enhance the biomass and lipid production simultaneously by Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 26 was designed in three stages of optimization. Initially, a culture medium was inferred applying the response surface method to adjust six factors [NaNO3, NH4HCO3, MgSO4·7H2O, KH2PO4, K2HPO4 and (NH4)2HPO4], which were selected on the basement of BBM (Bold's Basal Medium) and HAMGM (Highly Assimilable Minimal Growth Medium) culture media. Afterwards, the nitrogen source compound was optimized to reduce both, ammonium and nitrate concentrations. As result of the optimization process, the proposed culture medium improved 40% the biomass (0.73gL(-1)) compared with the BBM medium and 85% the lipid concentration (281mgL(-1)), with respect to HAMGM medium. Some culture media components concentrations were reduced up to 50%. Gas chromatography analysis revealed that C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 were the major fatty acids produced by C. vulgaris UTEX 26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlally Ramírez-López
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - Isaac Chairez
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernández-Linares
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico.
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22
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Gupta PL, Choi HJ, Lee SM. Enhanced nutrient removal from municipal wastewater assisted by mixotrophic microalgal cultivation using glycerol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:10114-10123. [PMID: 26867689 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a present study, nutrient removal from municipal wastewater by Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oculata was investigated by using mixotrophic cultivation with glycerol (0 to 5 g/L). Performance parameters were assessed by estimating the removal of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biomass growth, chlorophyll content, lipid yield, and fatty acids. With the addition of 2 g/L glycerol, a maximum biomass productivity of 56 mg/L/day was achieved in the mixotrophic culture of C. vulgaris within 12 days. The mixotrophic culture showed a 30-fold increase in biomass productivity compared to the wastewater without any glycerol. However, the highest total nitrogen removal (80.62 %), total phosphate removal (60.72 %), and COD removal (96.3 %) was observed in the N. oculata culture supplemented with 3, 5, and 1 g/L glycerol, respectively. These results suggest that mixotrophic cultivation using glycerol offers great potential in the production of renewable biomass, waste water treatment, and consequent production of high-value microalgal oil. Graphical Abstract Simultaneous biomass production and nutrient removal using microalgae cultivated in wastewater supplemented with glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabuddha L Gupta
- Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 210701, South Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Choi
- Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 210701, South Korea
| | - Seung-Mok Lee
- Department of Energy and Environment Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, 210701, South Korea.
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