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Nyitrai J, Almansa XF, Zhu K, Banerjee S, Hawkins TR, Urgun-Demirtas M, Raskin L, Skerlos SJ. Environmental life cycle assessment of treatment and management strategies for food waste and sewage sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 240:120078. [PMID: 37244015 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A consequential life cycle assessment (LCA) was utilized to compare the environmental impacts of food waste and sewage sludge management strategies. The strategies included a novel two-phase anaerobic digestion (AD) system and alternatives including landfill, waste-to-energy, composting, anaerobic membrane bioreactor, and conventional AD (wet continuous stirred-tank reactor [CSTR]). The co-management of food waste with sewage sludge was also considered for the two-phase AD system and for a conventional AD reactor. A multidimensional LCA approach was taken, considering the five-midpoint impact categories of global warming, smog, human health particulate, acidification, and eutrophication estimated using the U.S. EPA Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts. Co-management of food waste and sewage sludge using the novel two-phase AD system was shown to maximize energy recovery and had a net global warming benefit while reducing other environmental impacts compared with the alternative management strategies. It had similar relative environmental advantages across all categories as conventional AD, with the advantage of a smaller physical footprint. However, both approaches featured net environmental burdens when the background electric grid intensity fell below 0.25 kg CO2-eq kWh-1, as could be expected in a decarbonized electric future. Upgrading the biogas produced from AD to renewable natural gas can displace the use of fossil natural gas for other non-electricity energy requirements that are difficult to decarbonize and may extend the time period of significant environmental benefits of utilizing AD for organic waste management. Treatment of the nutrient-rich supernatant generated by the novel two-phase AD system could be an obstacle for utilities with stringent nutrient discharge limits. Future research and full-scale implementation are needed to demonstrate the benefits of the two-phase AD system predicted through this analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Nyitrai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Kuang Zhu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sudhanya Banerjee
- Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Troy R Hawkins
- Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | | | - Lutgarde Raskin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Steven J Skerlos
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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2
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Moideen SNF, Krishnan S, Li YY, Hassim MH, Kamyab H, Nasrullah M, Din MFM, Halim KA, Chaiprapat S. Performance evaluation and energy potential analysis of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) in the treatment of simulated milk wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137923. [PMID: 36682635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was employed as primary treatment unit for anaerobic treatment of simulated wastewater to produce high effluent quality. A lab scale hollow fiber membrane was used to scrutinize the performance of AnMBR as a potential treatment system for simulated milk wastewater and analyze its energy recovery potential. The 15 L bioreactor was operated continuously at mesophilic conditions (35 °C) with a pH constant of 7.0. The membrane flux was in the range of 9.6-12.6 L/m2. h. The different organic loading rates (OLRs) of 1.61, 3.28, 5.01, and 8.38 g-COD/L/d, of simulated milk wastewater, were fed to the reactor and the biogas production rate was analyzed, respectively. The results revealed that the COD removal efficiencies of 99.54 ± 0.001% were achieved at the OLR of 5.01 gCOD/L/d. The highest methane yield was found to be at OLR of 1.61 gCOD/L/d at HRT of 30 d with the value of 0.33 ± 0.01 L-CH4/gCOD. Moreover, based on the analysis of energy balance in the AnMBR system, it was found that energy is positive at all the given HRTs. The net energy production (NEP) ranged from 2.594 to 3.268 kJ/gCOD, with a maximum NEP value of 3.268 kJ/gCOD at HRT 10 d HRT. Bioenergy recovery with the maximum energy ratio, of 4.237, was achieved with an HRT of 5 d. The study suggests a sizable energy saving with the anaerobic membrane process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Fatihah Moideen
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-6-2 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Santhana Krishnan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN), Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-6-2 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Mimi Haryani Hassim
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Mohd Nasrullah
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, University of Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhil Md Din
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Faculty of Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Khairunnisa Abdul Halim
- Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Sumate Chaiprapat
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN), Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
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3
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Workie E, Kumar V, Bhatnagar A, He Y, Dai Y, Wah Tong Y, Peng Y, Zhang J, Fu C. Advancing the bioconversion process of food waste into methane: A systematic review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 156:187-197. [PMID: 36493662 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous rise of food waste (FW) throughout the world, a research effort to reveal its potential for bioenergy production is surging. There is a lack of harmonized information and publications available that evaluate the state-of-advance for FW-derived methane production process, particularly from an engineering and sustainability point of view. Anaerobic digestion (AD) has shown remarkable efficiency in the bioconversion of FW to methane. This paper reviews the current research progress, gaps, and prospects in pre-AD, AD, and post-AD processes of FW-derived methane production. Briefly, the review highlights innovative FW collection and optimization routes such as AI that enable efficient FW valorization processes. As weather changes and the FW sources may affect the AD efficiency, it is important to assess the spatio-seasonal variations and microphysical properties of the FW to be valorized. In that case, developing weather-resistant bioreactors and cost-effective mechanisms to modify the raw substrate morphology is necessary. An AI-guided reactor could have high performance when the internal environment of the centralized operation is monitored in real-time and not susceptible to changes in FW variety. Monitoring solvent degradation and fugitive gases during biogas purification is a challenging task, especially for large-scale plants. Furthermore, this review links scientific evidence in the field with full-scale case studies from different countries. It also highlights the potential contribution of ADFW to carbon neutrality efforts. Regarding future research needs, in addition to the smart collection scheme, attention should be paid to the management and utilization of FW impurities, to ensure sustainable AD operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endashaw Workie
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Vinor Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 OAL, UK
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Yiliang He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minghang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanjun Dai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Yinghong Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Cunbin Fu
- Everbright Water (Nan Ning) Limited, China
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Miao L, Wang Y, Zhang M, Feng Y, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhu W. Effects of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride addition combined with vermicomposting on maturity and bacterial diversity in the final vermicompost from the biochemical residue of kitchen waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:8998-9010. [PMID: 35648348 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of kitchen waste is produced all over the world. Biochemical disposal is an effective method for the reduction and safe utilization of kitchen waste. However, high salinity, low maturity and poor biocompatibility were encountered when utilizing the biochemical residue of kitchen waste (BRKW) as a kind of soil amendment. To reduce the high salinity, accelerate the maturity and improve the biocompatibility in the BRKW, this study used the BRKW as the main feedstock for earthworms after hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride (HPMA) was added and focused on revealing the effect of HPMA addition combined with the vermicomposting process on the growth of earthworms and on the basic physicochemical properties and the microbial diversity of the derived vermicompost. The results showed that HPMA addition can promote earthworm growth and reproduction. The pH, electric conductivity, organic matter content, C/N and NH4+-N/NO3--N were decreased in the final vermicompost, while total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents, and the seed germination index were increased. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that there was more disintegration in the final vermicompost. Meanwhile, adding the HPMA also helped to decrease the total number of fungi while increasing the populations of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria as well as amount of total bacteria and actinomycetes. The vermicomposting process increased the bacterial phyla that promote the degradation of OM, such as Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria, decreased the pathogenic Enterobacter and increased the bacterial genera that promote the maturity and quality, such as Cellvibrio and Pseudomonas. Thus, HPMA addition combined with vermicomposting can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria that promote the degradation of lignocelluloses and accelerate maturity while inhibiting some potential bacterial pathogens, which helps guarantee the safety of vermicomposting products from BRKW. Hence, employing HPMA to promote BRKW vermicomposting can possibly reduce salt content and improve the maturity and biocompatibility of the final vermicompost. This approach may help realize the safe utilization of BRKW and further promote the biochemical disposal of kitchen waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yuning Feng
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Lang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Weiqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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5
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Orner KD, Smith S, Nordahl S, Chakrabarti A, Breunig H, Scown CD, Leverenz H, Nelson KL, Horvath A. Environmental and Economic Impacts of Managing Nutrients in Digestate Derived from Sewage Sludge and High-Strength Organic Waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17256-17265. [PMID: 36409840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly stringent limits on nutrient discharges are motivating water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) to consider the implementation of sidestream nutrient removal or recovery technologies. To further increase biogas production and reduce landfilled waste, WRRFs with excess anaerobic digestion capacity can accept other high-strength organic waste (HSOW) streams. The goal of this study was to characterize and evaluate the life-cycle global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential, and economic costs and benefits of sidestream nutrient management and biosolid management strategies following digestion of sewage sludge augmented by HSOW. Five sidestream nutrient management strategies were analyzed using environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) and life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for codigestion of municipal sewage sludge with and without HSOW. As expected, thermal stripping and ammonia stripping were characterized by a much lower eutrophication potential than no sidestream treatment; significantly higher fertilizer prices would be needed for this revenue stream to cover the capital and chemical costs. Composting all biosolids dramatically reduced the GWP relative to the baseline biosolid option but had slightly higher eutrophication potential. These complex environmental and economic tradeoffs require utilities to consider their social, environmental, and economic values in addition to present or upcoming nutrient discharge limits prior to making decisions in sidestream and biosolids management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Orner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sarah Smith
- Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sarah Nordahl
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alicia Chakrabarti
- East Bay Municipal Utility District, Oakland, California 94607, United States
| | - Hanna Breunig
- Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Corinne D Scown
- Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Energy and Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Life-Cycle, Economics, and Agronomy Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Harold Leverenz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kara L Nelson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Arpad Horvath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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6
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Le TS, Nguyen PD, Ngo HH, Bui XT, Dang BT, Diels L, Bui HH, Nguyen MT, Le Quang DT. Two-stage anaerobic membrane bioreactor for co-treatment of food waste and kitchen wastewater for biogas production and nutrients recovery. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136537. [PMID: 36150485 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Co-digestion of organic waste and wastewater is receiving increased attention as a plausible waste management approach toward energy recovery. However, traditional anaerobic processes for co-digestion are particularly susceptible to severe organic loading rates (OLRs) under long-term treatment. To enhance technological feasibility, this work presented a two-stage Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (2 S-AnMBR) composed of a hydrolysis reactor (HR) followed by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for long-term co-digestion of food waste and kitchen wastewater. The OLRs were expanded from 4.5, 5.6, and 6.9 kg COD m-3 d-1 to optimize biogas yield, nitrogen recovery, and membrane fouling at ambient temperatures of 25-32 °C. Results showed that specific methane production of UASB was 249 ± 7 L CH4 kg-1 CODremoved at the OLR of 6.9 kg TCOD m-3 d-1. Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (TCOD) loss by hydrolysis was 21.6% of the input TCOD load at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days. However, low total volatile fatty acid concentrations were found in the AnMBR, indicating that a sufficiently high hydrolysis efficiency could be accomplished with a short HRT. Furthermore, using AnMBR structure consisting of an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB) followed by a side-stream ultrafiltration membrane alleviated cake membrane fouling. The wasted digestate from the AnMBR comprised 42-47% Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and 57-68% total phosphorous loading, making it suitable for use in soil amendments or fertilizers. Finally, the predominance of fine particles (D10 = 0.8 μm) in the ultrafiltration membrane housing (UFMH) could lead to a faster increase in trans-membrane pressure during the filtration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Son Le
- Institute for Environment and Resources, 142 To Hien Thanh Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Phuoc-Dan Nguyen
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur L'Eau (CARE) & Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS, 2007, Australia
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Bao-Trong Dang
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ludo Diels
- University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Hong-Ha Bui
- Institute for Tropical Technology and Environmental Protection (VITTEP), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Minh-Trung Nguyen
- Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur L'Eau (CARE) & Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Do-Thanh Le Quang
- Centre Asiatique de Recherche sur L'Eau (CARE) & Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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7
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Zan F, Iqbal A, Lu X, Wu X, Chen G. "Food waste-wastewater-energy/resource" nexus: Integrating food waste management with wastewater treatment towards urban sustainability. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 211:118089. [PMID: 35074573 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable food waste management is a global issue with high priority for improving food security and conserving natural resources and ecosystems. Diverting food waste from the solid waste stream to the wastewater stream is a promising way for food waste source separation, collection, treatment, and disposal. Given the advances in wastewater treatment, this integrated system has great potential for the concurrent recovery of water, resource, and energy. To this end, many efforts from lab-scale to full-scale studies have been devoted to evaluating the feasibility and associated impacts on both solid waste and wastewater systems. This paper summarizes the current status of food waste diversion from the aspects of principle and application. The impacts of food waste diversion on solid waste treatment, sewer system, wastewater treatment, and environmental benefits have been comprehensively reviewed and analysed. In the context of the critical review, this paper further identified the challenges of food waste diversion in unified definitions of the field, sewer network assessment, emerging wastewater treatment technologies, scale-up studies, and policy drivers. Perspectives on the contribution of food waste diversion to a food waste management hierarchy were discussed for initiating the nexus of "food waste-wastewater-energy/resource". We conclude that food waste diversion could facilitate sustainable urban development, but the area-specific factors (e.g., household practices, water resource, sewerage system condition, and treatment techniques) require adequate evaluations to determine the implementation. The outcomes of this study could contribute to the practice and policy-making of food waste management towards urban sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Asad Iqbal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiejuan Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water & Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, and Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Water Quality Safety and Pollution Control, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.
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8
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Aslam A, Khan SJ, Shahzad HMA. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment- potential benefits, constraints, and future perspectives: An updated review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149612. [PMID: 34438128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment has been made sufficiently sustainable for practical implementations. The potential benefits are significant as AnMBRs effectively remove a broad range of contaminants from wastewater for water reuse, degrade organics in wastewater to yield methane-rich biogas for resultant energy production, and concentrate nutrients for subsequent recovery for fertilizer production. However, there still exist some concerns requiring vigilant considerations to make AnMBRs economically and technically viable. This review paper briefly describes process fundamentals and the basic AnMBR configurations and highlights six major factors which obstruct the way to AnMBRs installations affecting their performance for municipal wastewater treatment: (i) organic strength, (ii) membrane fouling, (iii) salinity build-up, (iv) inhibitory substances, (v) temperature, and (vi) membrane stability. This review also covers the energy utilization and energy potential in AnMBRs aiming energy neutrality or positivity of the systems which entails the requirement to further determine the economics of AnMBRs. The implications and related discussions have also been made on future perspectives of the concurrent challenges being faced in AnMBRs operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Aslam
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sher Jamal Khan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
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9
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Leininger A, Ren ZJ. Circular utilization of food waste to biochar enhances thermophilic co-digestion performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125130. [PMID: 33857865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Codigestion is an emerging approach to improve wastewater sludge biogas production and valorize food waste (FW). This study explores FW-derived biochar as a codigestion amendment for the first time and reports a matrix experiment using four diverse biochar amendments (mixed food waste, pinewood, bonechar, unamended control) across four FW types (vegetable, rice, chicken, mixed). It demonstrated that biochar derived from mixed FW can greatly improve the performance of biogas production and yield relative to unamended control and other biochars. The mixed food waste (MFW) biochar amendment led to 34.5%, 35.6%, and 47.5% increase in methane production from mixed FW compared to biochars made of wood, bone and non-amendment control, and the maximum methane production rate of MFW biochar reactors could be up to 6.7-9.9 times of the control. These results suggest that a more circular utilization of FW by integrating biochar production with codigestion can bring great benefits to FW management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Leininger
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Zhiyong Jason Ren
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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10
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Serna-García R, Ruiz-Barriga P, Noriega-Hevia G, Serralta J, Pachés M, Bouzas A. Maximising resource recovery from wastewater grown microalgae and primary sludge in an anaerobic membrane co-digestion pilot plant coupled to a composting process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 281:111890. [PMID: 33385906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale microalgae (Chlorella spp.) and primary sludge anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD) plant was run for one year in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) at 35 °C, 70 d solids retention time and 30 d hydraulic retention time, showing high stability in terms of pH and VFA concentration. The plant achieved a high degree of microalgae and primary sludge substrate degradation, resulting in a methane yield of 370 mLCH4·gVSinf-1. Nutrient-rich effluent streams (685 mgN·L-1 and 145 mgP·L-1 in digestate and 395 mgNH4-N·L-1 and 37 mgPO4-P·L-1 in permeate) were obtained, allowing posterior nutrient recovery. Ammonium was recovered from the permeate as ammonia sulphate through a hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fibre membrane contactor, achieving 99% nitrogen recovery efficiency. However, phosphorus recovery through processes such as struvite precipitation was not applied since only 26% of the phosphate was available in the effluent. Composting process of the digestate coming from the ACoD pilot plant was assessed on laboratory-scale Dewar reactors, as was the conventional sludge compost from an industrial WWTP digestion process, obtaining similar values from both. Sanitised (free of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.) and stable compost (respirometric index at 37 °C below 0.5 mgO 2 g organic matter-1·h-1) was obtained from both sludges.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Serna-García
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Department D'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de La Universitat S/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain.
| | - P Ruiz-Barriga
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Department D'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de La Universitat S/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - G Noriega-Hevia
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari D'Investigació D'Enginyeria de L'Aigua I Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Serralta
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari D'Investigació D'Enginyeria de L'Aigua I Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pachés
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari D'Investigació D'Enginyeria de L'Aigua I Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera S/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Bouzas
- CALAGUA - Unitat Mixta UV-UPV, Department D'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de La Universitat S/n, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain
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11
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Robles Á, Durán F, Giménez JB, Jiménez E, Ribes J, Serralta J, Seco A, Ferrer J, Rogalla F. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater in mild climates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123763. [PMID: 32645574 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Feasibility of an AnMBR demonstration plant treating urban wastewater (UWW) at temperatures around 25-30 °C was assessed during a 350-day experimental period. The plant was fed with the effluent from the pre-treatment of a full-scale municipal WWTP, characterized by high COD and sulfate concentrations. Biodegradability of the UWW reached values up to 87%, although a portion of the biodegradable COD was consumed by sulfate reducing organisms. Effluent COD remained below effluent discharge limits, achieving COD removals above 90%. System operation resulted in a reduction of sludge production of 36-58% compared to theoretical aerobic sludge productions. The membranes were operated at gross transmembrane fluxes above 20 LMH maintaining low membrane fouling propensities for more than 250 days without chemical cleaning requirements. Thus, the system resulted in net positive energy productions and GHG emissions around zero. The results obtained confirm the feasibility of UWW treatment in AnMBR under mild and warm climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Robles
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Freddy Durán
- FCC Aqualia, S.A., Avenida Camino de Santiago, 40, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Bautista Giménez
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Emérita Jiménez
- FCC Aqualia, S.A., Avenida Camino de Santiago, 40, 28050 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Ribes
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Serralta
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Aurora Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Ferrer
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Frank Rogalla
- FCC Aqualia, S.A., Avenida Camino de Santiago, 40, 28050 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Durán F, Robles Á, Giménez JB, Ferrer J, Ribes J, Serralta J. Modeling the anaerobic treatment of sulfate-rich urban wastewater: Application to AnMBR technology. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 184:116133. [PMID: 32721762 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) are a core technology in the transition of urban wastewater (UWW) treatment towards a circular economy, the transition is being held back by a number of bottlenecks. The dissolved methane released from the effluent, the need to remove nutrients (ideally by recovery), or the energy lost by the competition between methanogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) for the biodegradable COD have been identified as the main issues to be addressed before AnMBR becomes widespread. Mathematical modeling of this technology can be used to obtain further insights into these bottlenecks plus other valuable information for design, simulation and control purposes. This paper therefore proposes an AnMBR anaerobic digestion model to simulate the crucial SRB-related process since these bacteria degrade more than 40% of the organic matter. The proposed model, which is included in the BNRM2 collection model, has a reduced but all-inclusive structure, including hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, methanogenesis and other SRB-related processes. It was calibrated and validated using data from an AnMBR pilot plant treating sulfate-rich UWW, including parameter values obtained in off-line experiments and optimization methods. Despite the complex operating dynamics and influent composition, it was able to reproduce the process performance. In fact, it was able to simulate the AD of sulfate-rich UWW considering only two groups of SRB: heterotrophic SRB growing on both VFA (propionate) and acetate, and autotrophic SRB growing on hydrogen. Besides the above-mentioned constraints, the model reproduced the dynamics of the mixed liquor solids concentration, which helped to integrate biochemical and filtration models. It also reproduced the alkalinity and pH dynamics in the mixed liquor required for assessing the effect of chemical precipitation on membrane scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Durán
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, València, Spain
| | - Ángel Robles
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain.
| | - Juan Bautista Giménez
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, València, Spain
| | - José Ferrer
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, València, Spain
| | - Josep Ribes
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Joaquín Serralta
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022, València, Spain
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13
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Sun J, Kosaki Y, Watanabe N. An anaerobic membrane bioreactor using a hollow fiber membrane and biogas agitation. MethodsX 2020; 7:101018. [PMID: 32904216 PMCID: PMC7451829 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many biomass disposal demonstration projects are based on anaerobic digestion. However, the excessively slow anaerobic microorganism growth rate is a drawback because a decreased anaerobic microorganism population limits methane fermentation's efficiency. To ensure operation at higher loads, this study used an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for maintaining anaerobic microorganisms’ growth, and this article introduces a series of improvements to address the reactor's shortcomings. Finally, we chose to mix-the internal biogas and conducted the experiment using a hollow fiber AnMBR.Introducing the design of a highly efficient and compact anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). Introducing the initial OLR and the changes of HRT, SRT, TS, and flux of the permeate in the AnMBR after gradually increasing the load. Monitoring decomposition characteristics in the gas meter connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Ohmiya 5-16-1, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yasunori Kosaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Ohmiya 5-16-1, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Watanabe
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Ohmiya 5-16-1, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
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14
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Mapping the Structure of Food Waste Management Research: A Co-Keyword Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134798. [PMID: 32635284 PMCID: PMC7370176 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Food loss and waste represent a global problem in the ethical, social, environmental, and economic contexts. The aim of this article is to identify leading concepts in studies on food loss and waste in management research by network analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords, via mapping of knowledge domains, a method used in bibliometrics. We analyzed 2202 records from the Scopus database on food waste management with the aid of the VOSviewer software tool. In particular, keyword co-occurrence analysis was adopted to visually explore knowledge bases, topic distribution, and research fronts in the field of food waste management research. Ten representative areas were found concentrated in main keywords, namely, food waste, waste management, food, anaerobic digestion, waste disposal, recycling, waste treatment, municipal solid waste, solid waste, and refuse disposal.
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15
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Morelli B, Cashman S, Ma XC, Turgeon J, Arden S, Garland J. Environmental and cost benefits of co-digesting food waste at wastewater treatment facilities. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:227-241. [PMID: 32941165 PMCID: PMC7899238 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The wastewater industry is undergoing a paradigm shift from focusing solely on treatment to incorporating concepts aimed at mitigating environmental impacts such as energy and nutrient recovery and water reuse. This study uses life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis to investigate the effect of expanding anaerobic digestion (AD) capacity and adding combined heat and power on environmental and cost indicators at a mid-sized wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) in Massachusetts, USA. Since 2014, Massachusetts has banned the disposal of organic waste from commercial organizations producing more than one ton of material per week. The WWTF's additional digester capacity allows the co-digestion of municipal solids with a food-based engineered bioslurry due to this ban. Study data were compiled for several AD feedstock quantity and performance scenarios, and compared to a baseline scenario representative of historic plant operations prior to co-digestion. Reductions in environmental impact are demonstrated for six of eight environmental impacts, including global climate change potential and cumulative energy demand. Eutrophication potential increases by 10 percent and 24 percent across assessed scenarios. Water use remains relatively constant across scenarios. Facility energy production increases dramatically with co-digestion, satisfying 100 percent of the WWTF's thermal energy requirement and producing surplus electricity assuming full AD capacity utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Morelli
- Eastern Research Group, 110 Hartwell Ave., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Sarah Cashman
- Eastern Research Group, 110 Hartwell Ave., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Xin Cissy Ma
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, Water Infrastructure Division, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA E-mail:
| | - Jason Turgeon
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1, 5 Post Office Square, Suite 100, OEP 5-2, Boston, MA 02109, USA
| | - Sam Arden
- Eastern Research Group, 110 Hartwell Ave., Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Jay Garland
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, Immediate Office 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
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16
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Lee E, Oliveira DSBL, Oliveira LSBL, Jimenez E, Kim Y, Wang M, Ergas SJ, Zhang Q. Comparative environmental and economic life cycle assessment of high solids anaerobic co-digestion for biosolids and organic waste management. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 171:115443. [PMID: 31945640 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-Solids Anaerobic co-Digestion (HS-AcD) of sewage sludge (biosolids) with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste is a promising waste management alternative due to high methane yields, lower reactor volume requirements, lower energy inputs, and less leachate production than liquid anaerobic digestion. This study evaluated the environmental and economic burdens and benefits of HS-AcD of biosolids, Food Waste (FW), and Yard Waste (YW) using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) methods using Hillsborough County, Florida in the U.S. as a case study. Results for HS-AcD were compared with incineration, composting, and landfilling, with and without landfill gas use. The results showed that HS-AcD of a mixture of biosolids, FW, and YW had the lowest environmental impacts in all categories analyzed (global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, and ecotoxicity). In terms of economics, HS-AcD had the lowest life cycle cost, with or without considering land acquisition. The results show that HS-AcD is the best choice to manage biosolids and the organic waste in Hillsborough County in terms of both environmental and economic sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | | | | | - Eduardo Jimenez
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Kimley-Horn and Associates, INC., 655 N Franklin St #150, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Youngwoon Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 113 Hosler Building, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sarina J Ergas
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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17
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Sun J, Kosaki Y, Watanabe N. Higher load operation by adoption of ethanol fermentation pretreatment on methane fermentation of food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122475. [PMID: 31787512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to examine whether ethanol fermentation pretreatment (EP) of food waste can contribute to high load operation on methane fermentation using an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). The hydraulic retention time was reduced stepwise from 20 to 5 days to increase the load by increasing the feeding volume. The corresponding organic loading rate (OLR) ranged from 6.6 to 26.5 g-COD/L/day. The control series (without pretreatment) was operable to an OLR of 8.8 g-COD/L/day versus 26.5 g-COD/L/day for the EP series. In the control series, the major volatile fatty acid (VFA) produced by acidogenesis in the reactor was propionic acid because based on Gibbs free energy variations for the methane conversion, acetic acid conversion was not as easy as from propionic acid as from ethanol in the EP series. EP proved effective in avoiding VFA accumulation and subsequent decreased pH. Therefore, EP significantly improves AnMBR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Ohmiya 5-16-1, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Kosaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Ohmiya 5-16-1, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Watanabe
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Ohmiya 5-16-1, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
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18
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Amha YM, Corbett M, Smith AL. Two-Phase Improves Performance of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treatment of Food Waste at High Organic Loading Rates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9572-9583. [PMID: 31356076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) are in use at the full-scale for energy recovery from food waste (FW). In this study, the potential for two-phase (acid/gas) AnMBR treatment of FW was investigated as a strategy to increase microbial diversity, thereby improving performance. Two bench-scale AnMBRs were operated in single-phase (SP) and two-phase (TP) mode across incremental increases in organic loading rate (OLR) from 2.5 to 15 g total chemical oxygen demand (COD) L·d-1. The TP acid-phase (TP-AP) enriched total VFAs by 3-fold compared to influent FW and harbored a distinct microbial community enriched in fermenters that thrived in the low pH environment. The TP methane phase (TP-MP) showed increased methane production and resilience relative to SP as OLR increased from 3.5 to 10 g COD L·d-1. SP showed signs of inhibition (i.e., rapid decrease in methane production per OLR) at 10 g COD L·d-1, whereas both systems were inhibited at 15 g COD L·d-1. At 10 g COD L·d-1, where the highest difference in performance was observed (20.3% increase in methane production), activity of syntrophic bacteria in TP-MP was double that of SP. Our results indicate that AnMBRs in TP mode could effectively treat FW at OLRs up to 10 g COD·L day-1 by improving hydrolysis rates, microbial diversity, and syntroph activity, and enriching resistant communities to high OLRs relative to AnMBRs in SP mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamrot M Amha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Southern California , 3620 South Vermont Avenue , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Michael Corbett
- Divert, Inc. , 23 Bradford Street, 3rd Floor , Concord , Massachusetts 01742 , United States
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of Southern California , 3620 South Vermont Avenue , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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19
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Meng S, Yin Y, Yu L. Exploration of a high-efficiency and low-cost technique for maximizing the glucoamylase production from food waste. RSC Adv 2019; 9:22980-22986. [PMID: 35514468 PMCID: PMC9067104 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04530a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at the exploration of high-efficiency and low-cost technique for glucoamylase (GA) production from food waste; moreover, the produced GA could be directly used in the hydrolysis of food waste. A mixture of food waste, rice waste and cake waste as a sole feedstock was investigated for the production of GA via solid-state fermentation. The highest GA activity of 458.3 U g-1 was obtained from the rice waste after 9 days of incubation. The cake waste also demonstrated a high GA production, achieving 406.5 U g-1 dry substrate. However, the most practical substrate for GA production that could be integrated in the food waste treatment was the mixed food waste, which could effectively produce GA without any additives or adjustments using the technique developed in this study. The optimum conditions for GA production from the mixed food waste were determined through a response surface methodology: the temperature of 31.16 °C, the inoculum amount of 1.54 mL, and the time of fermentation of 7.81 days. The maximum GA activity of 180.59 U g-1 could be achieved under these optimum conditions, which was actually much higher than those reported in the literature. This study showed that the mixed food waste could be an ideal feedstock for the on-site production of high-activity GA, and the produced GA could be directly applied in food waste hydrolysis, which significantly reduced the process cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Meng
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University Beijing 100191 PR China
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore 637141
| | - Yao Yin
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore 637141
| | - Liu Yu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore 637141
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 +65-67905254
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20
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Cho K, Seo KW, Shin SG, Lee S, Park C. Process stability and comparative rDNA/rRNA community analyses in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor with silicon carbide ceramic membrane applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:155-164. [PMID: 30798226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of using a silicon carbide (SiC) anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor (AnCMBR) to co-manage domestic wastewater (DWW) and food waste recycling wastewater (FRW). A pilot-scale SiC-AnCMBR was put into operation for 140 days under two different organic loading rates (OLRs): 5 kg COD m-3 d-1 (OLR 5) and 3 kg COD m-3 d-1 (OLR 3). The organic removal efficiency was 93.5 ± 3.7% over the operational period. Methane production increased significantly after sludge re-seeding at OLR 3. rDNA and rRNA microbial results showed that the active archaeal community was affected by sludge re-seeding, whereas the active bacterial community was not, indicating that a shift in the active archaeal community was responsible for the increased methane production. Our results thus suggest that SiC-AnCMBRs are a promising option for co-managing DWW and FRW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjin Cho
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyu Won Seo
- Small & Medium Enterprises Support Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52725, South Korea
| | - Seockheon Lee
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Chanhyuk Park
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
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21
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Zhao G, Garrido-Baserba M, Reifsnyder S, Xu JC, Rosso D. Comparative energy and carbon footprint analysis of biosolids management strategies in water resource recovery facilities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:762-773. [PMID: 30790749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biosolids or sludge management has become an environmental and economic challenge for water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) and municipalities around the world. The electric energy and operational costs linked to the solid processing stage can account for 20% and 53% of the overall treatment respectively, and as such they are primary factors among utilities which must be considered while working toward more efficient strategies with less energy use. As part of the growing awareness of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, municipal wastewater treatment plants have begun reporting their GHG emission inventories. However, there is not yet a standardized or fully comprehensive CFP analysis for the biosolids management. In this paper, two major metropolitan WRRFs in China and the USA with two different biosolids management approaches were compared in terms of energy and carbon footprint (CFP). Site-specific equipment inventories coupled with state-of-the-art methodologies were used for the carbon and energy intensity assessment. Tailored biosolids management strategies and scenarios were included in the analysis to provide a venue for the reduction of their environmental impact. Co-digestion with food waste (FW) and the economic feasibility of its implementation were proposed as a GHGs mitigation strategy to highlight the energy recovery potential. Although both plants had similar energy intensity, Plant A (Shanghai) exhibited three times larger CFP primarily due to site-specific limitations on their biosolids management. The study showed the potential to improve CFP by 28.8% by selecting convenient strategies (i.e., incineration with AD). Energy recovery with its concurrent environmental benefits can be further enhanced by implementing FW co-digestion. This study shows the economic and environmental relevance of selecting adequate biosolids processing strategies and energy recovery practices in WRRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Manel Garrido-Baserba
- Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA; Water-Energy Nexus (WEX) Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA.
| | - Samuel Reifsnyder
- Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
| | - Jing-Cheng Xu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Diego Rosso
- Civil & Environmental Engineering Department, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA; Water-Energy Nexus (WEX) Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
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22
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Picart-Palmade L, Cunault C, Chevalier-Lucia D, Belleville MP, Marchesseau S. Potentialities and Limits of Some Non-thermal Technologies to Improve Sustainability of Food Processing. Front Nutr 2019; 5:130. [PMID: 30705883 PMCID: PMC6344468 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the whole food production chain, from the farm to the fork, food manufacturing steps have a large environmental impact. Despite significant efforts made to optimize heat recovery or water consumption, conventional food processing remains poorly efficient in terms of energy requirements and waste management. Therefore, in the few last decades, much research has focused on the development of alternative non-thermal technologies. Some of them, such as membrane separation processes, hydrostatic or dynamic high pressure, dense phase or high-pressure carbon dioxide, and pulsed electric fields (PEFs) have been extensively studied for cold pasteurization, concentration, extraction, or food functionalization. However, it is still difficult to evaluate the actual advantages or limits of these innovative processing technologies to replace conventional processes. Thus, the overall aim of this paper is to present an overview of the most relevant studies dealing with the potentialities and limits of these non-thermal technologies to improve sustainability of food processing. After a brief presentation of the physical principles of these technologies, the paper illustrates how these technologies could play a decisive role for sustainable food preservation or valorization of raw materials and by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles Cunault
- IATE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Sylvie Marchesseau
- IATE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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23
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Water Footprint of a Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Strategy Based on Membrane Technology. ENVIRONMENTAL WATER FOOTPRINTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2508-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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24
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Robles Á, Ruano MV, Charfi A, Lesage G, Heran M, Harmand J, Seco A, Steyer JP, Batstone DJ, Kim J, Ferrer J. A review on anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) focused on modelling and control aspects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:612-626. [PMID: 30253898 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology (AnMBR) is rapidly expanding. However, depending on the application, AnMBR design and operation is not fully mature, and needs further research to optimize process efficiency and enhance applicability. This paper reviews state-of-the-art of AnMBR focusing on modelling and control aspects. Quantitative environmental and economic evaluation has demonstrated substantial advantages in application of AnMBR to domestic wastewater treatment, but detailed modelling is less mature. While anaerobic process modelling is generally mature, more work is needed on integrated models which include coupling between membrane performance (including fouling) and the biological process. This should include microbial factors, which are important to generation of specific foulants such as soluble and particulate inert organics. Mature and well-established control tools, including better feedback control strategies are also required for both the process, and for fouling control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Robles
- CALAGUA, Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
| | - Maria Victoria Ruano
- CALAGUA, Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Amine Charfi
- LG-Hitachi Water Solutions, B-1104 Daewoo Technopark, 261, Doyak-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14523, South Korea
| | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, ENSCM, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Harmand
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Aurora Seco
- CALAGUA, Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | | | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre AWMC, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - José Ferrer
- CALAGUA, Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient, IAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
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25
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Guven H, Eriksson O, Wang Z, Ozturk I. Life cycle assessment of upgrading options of a preliminary wastewater treatment plant including food waste addition. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 145:518-530. [PMID: 30195101 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a beneficial tool to evaluate the performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and to compare different upgrading options. The main objective of this study is to investigate the environmental impact of upgrading options of a preliminary WWTP in Istanbul, Turkey. The preliminary plant currently consists of mechanical treatment units and various upgrading options including primary treatment and high-rate activated sludge system (HRAS) process as well as the addition of food waste to wastewater were compared. Results showed that the baseline scenario (S0) had worse performance than all future scenarios (S1-3) except for climate change. The scenario of adding food waste to wastewater (S3) has the best performance in climate change, terrestrial acidification, terrestrial ecotoxicity and fossil depletion. Increased addition of food waste was also tested in the sensitivity analysis, and major improvements were obtained especially in climate change and terrestrial ecotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Guven
- Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Ayazaga Campus, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ola Eriksson
- Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Zhao Wang
- Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Gävle, SE-801 76, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Izzet Ozturk
- Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Ayazaga Campus, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Robles A, Capson-Tojo G, Ruano MV, Seco A, Ferrer J. Real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in an AnMBR: Urban wastewater mono-digestion vs. co-digestion with domestic food waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 80:299-309. [PMID: 30455011 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a model-based method for real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater (UWW) and UWW mixed with domestic food waste (FW). The method consists of an initial screening to find out adequate filtration conditions and a real-time optimizer applied to a periodically calibrated filtration model for minimizing the operating costs. The initial screening consists of two statistical analyses: (1) Morris screening method to identify the key filtration parameters; (2) Monte Carlo method to establish suitable initial control inputs values. The operating filtration cost after implementing the control methodology was €0.047 per m3 (59.6% corresponding to energy costs) when treating UWW and €0.067 per m3 when adding FW due to higher fouling rates. However, FW increased the biogas productivities, reducing the total costs to €0.035 per m3. Average downtimes for reversible fouling removal of 0.4% and 1.6% were obtained, respectively. The results confirm the capability of the proposed control system for optimizing the AnMBR performance when treating both substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Robles
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE-UV, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
| | - G Capson-Tojo
- LBE, INRA, Univ. Montpellier, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - M V Ruano
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE-UV, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - A Seco
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSE-UV, Universitat de València, Avinguda de la Universitat s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - J Ferrer
- CALAGUA - Unidad Mixta UV-UPV, Institut Universitari d'Investigació d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient - IIAMA, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
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27
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Cho K, Jeong Y, Seo KW, Lee S, Smith AL, Shin SG, Cho SK, Park C. Effects of changes in temperature on treatment performance and energy recovery at mainstream anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor for food waste recycling wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:137-144. [PMID: 29433048 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactor (AnCMBR) has been attracted as an alternative technology to co-manage various organic substrates. This AnCMBR study investigated process performance and microbial community structure at decreasing temperatures to evaluate the potential of AnCMBR treatment for co-managing domestic wastewater (DWW) and food waste-recycling wastewater (FRW). As a result, the water flux (≥6.9 LMH) and organic removal efficiency (≥98.0%) were maintained above 25 °C. The trend of methane production in the AnCMBR was similar except for at 15 °C. At 15 °C, the archaeal community structure did not shifted, whereas the bacterial community structure was changed. Various major archaeal species were identified as the mesophilic methanogens which unable to grow at 15 °C. Our results suggest that the AnCMBR can be applied to co-manage DWW and FRW above 20 °C. Future improvements including psychrophilic methanogen inoculation and process optimization would make co-manage DWW and FRW at lower temperature climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjin Cho
- Center for Water Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Yeongmi Jeong
- Center for Water Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kyu Won Seo
- Center for Water Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Seockheon Lee
- Center for Water Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52725, South Korea
| | - Si-Kyung Cho
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, South Korea
| | - Chanhyuk Park
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea.
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28
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Song X, Luo W, McDonald J, Khan SJ, Hai FI, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD. Effects of sulphur on the performance of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor: Biological stability, trace organic contaminant removal, and membrane fouling. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:171-177. [PMID: 29169091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of sulphur content on the performance of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) with an emphasis on the biological stability, contaminant removal, and membrane fouling. Removal of 38 trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) that are ubiquitously present in municipal wastewater by AnMBR was evaluated. Results show that basic biological performance of AnMBR regarding biomass growth and the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was not affected by sulphur addition when the influent COD/SO42- ratio was maintained higher than 10. Nevertheless, the content of hydrogen sulphate in the produced biogas increased significantly and membrane fouling was exacerbated with sulphur addition. Moreover, the increase in sulphur content considerably affected the removal of some hydrophilic TrOCs and their residuals in the sludge phase during AnMBR operation. By contrast, no significant impact on the removal of hydrophobic TrOCs was noted with sulphur addition to AnMBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Song
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - James McDonald
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Stuart J Khan
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hao H Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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29
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Amha YM, Sinha P, Lagman J, Gregori M, Smith AL. Elucidating microbial community adaptation to anaerobic co-digestion of fats, oils, and grease and food waste. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 123:277-289. [PMID: 28672212 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in co-digestion and demonstrated process improvements (e.g., enhanced stability and biogas production), few studies have evaluated how co-digestion impacts the anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiome. Three sequential bench-scale respirometry experiments were conducted at thermophilic temperature (50 °C) with various combinations of primary sludge (PS); thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS); fats, oils, and grease (FOG); and food waste (FW). Two additional runs were then performed to evaluate microbial inhibition at higher organic fractions of FOG (30-60% volatile solids loading (VSL; v/v)). Co-digestion of PS, TWAS, FOG, and FW resulted in a 26% increase in methane production relative to digestion of PS and TWAS. A substantial lag time was observed in biogas production for vessels with FOG addition that decreased by more than half in later runs, likely due to adaptation of the microbial community. 30% FOG with 10% FW showed the highest increase in methane production, increasing 53% compared to digestion of PS and TWAS. FOG addition above 50% VSL was found to be inhibitory with and without FW addition and resulted in volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. Methane production was linked with high relative activity and abundance of syntrophic fatty-acid oxidizers alongside hydrogenotrophic methanogens, signaling the importance of interspecies interactions in AD. Specifically, relative activity of Syntrophomonas was significantly correlated with methane production. Further, methane production increased over subsequent runs along with methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) gene expression, a functional gene in methanogens, suggesting temporal adaptation of the microbial community to co-digestion substrate mixtures. The study demonstrated the benefits of co-digestion in terms of performance enhancement and enrichment of key active microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamrot M Amha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Pooja Sinha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jewls Lagman
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Matt Gregori
- Divert, Inc., 23 Bradford Street, Concord, MA 01742, USA; Southern California Gas Company, 555 West Fifth Street, Los Angeles, CA 90013, USA
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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