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Parra-Pacheco B, Cruz-Moreno BA, Aguirre-Becerra H, García-Trejo JF, Feregrino-Pérez AA. Bioactive Compounds from Organic Waste. Molecules 2024; 29:2243. [PMID: 38792105 PMCID: PMC11123749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The reuse and reincorporation of waste are the principles of circular economies. Compost, biofuels, animal feed, dyes, and bioactive compounds can be obtained from the revaluation of organic waste. Research on this subject is scarce and limited to specific sectors, such as agriculture and agroindustry, leaving aside others that generate large quantities of organic waste, such as floriculture. The remains of these sectors have a low decomposition rate compared to other organic wastes. They are a source of bioactive compounds (e.g., essential oils, pigments, phenols) that can be reincorporated into the production chain of various industries. This review describes the composition of waste from agroindustry, agriculture, and floriculture, analyzing their potential revalorization as a source of bioactive compounds and an alternative supply source.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan Fernando García-Trejo
- Research and Postgraduate Division, School of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Amazcala, Carretera a Chichimequillas Km 1 s/n, Amazcala, El Marqués 76265, Querétaro, Mexico; (B.P.-P.); (B.A.C.-M.); (H.A.-B.)
| | - Ana Angélica Feregrino-Pérez
- Research and Postgraduate Division, School of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Amazcala, Carretera a Chichimequillas Km 1 s/n, Amazcala, El Marqués 76265, Querétaro, Mexico; (B.P.-P.); (B.A.C.-M.); (H.A.-B.)
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Wang X, Liu N, Zeng R, Liu G, Yao H, Fang J. Change of core microorganisms and nitrogen conversion pathways in chicken manure composts by different substrates to reduce nitrogen losses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14959-14970. [PMID: 38285254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of animal husbandry, the associated environmental problems cannot be ignored, with the management of livestock and poultry manure emerging as the most prominent issue. Composting technology has been widely used in livestock and poultry manure management. A deeper understanding of the nitrogen conversion process during composting offers a theoretical foundation for selecting compost substrates. In this study, the effects of sawdust (CK) and spent mushroom compost (T1) as auxiliary materials on nitrogen as well as microbial structure in the composting process when composted with chicken manure were investigated. At the end of composting, the nitrogen loss of T1 was reduced by 17.18% relative to CK. When used as a compost substrate, spent mushroom compost accelerates the succession of microbial communities within the compost pile and alters the core microbial communities within the microbial community. Bacterial genera capable of cellulose degradation (Fibrobacter, Herbinix) are new core microorganisms that influence the assimilation of nitrate reduction during compost maturation. Using spent mushroom compost as a composting substrate increased the enzyme activity of nitrogen assimilation while decreasing the enzyme activity of the denitrification pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Naiyuan Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste, Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Changsha IMADEK Intelligent Technology Co., LTD, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste, Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Li K, Yang Z, Yan X, Xu L, Briseghella B, Marano GC. Effect of Modified Cow Dung Fibers on Strength and Autogenous Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Mortar. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6808. [PMID: 37895789 PMCID: PMC10608751 DOI: 10.3390/ma16206808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Alkali-activated slag (AAS) presents a promising alternative to ordinary Portland cement due to its cost effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and satisfactory durability characteristics. In this paper, cow dung waste was recycled as a renewable natural cellulose fiber, modified with alkali, and then added to AAS mortar. The physico-chemical characteristics of raw and modified cow dung fibers were determined through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Investigations were conducted on the dispersion of cow dung fibers in the AAS matrix, as well as the flowability, strength, and autogenous shrinkage of AAS mortar with varying cow dung fiber contents. The results indicated that modified fiber has higher crystallinity and surface roughness. The ultrasonic method showed superior effectiveness compared to pre-mixing and after-mixing methods. Compared with raw cow dung fibers, modified fibers led to an increase of 11.3% and 36.3% of the 28 d flexural strength and compressive strength of the AAS mortar, respectively. The modified cow dung fibers had a more significant inhibition on autogenous shrinkage, and the addition of 2 wt% cow dung fibers reduced the 7 d autogenous shrinkage of the AAS paste by 52.8% due to the "internal curing effect." This study provides an alternative value-added recycling option for cow dung fibers as a potential environmentally friendly and sustainable reinforcing raw material for cementitious materials, which can be used to develop low autogenous shrinkage green composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Deterioration and Control of Coastal and Marine Infrastructures and Materials, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhengxian Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Deterioration and Control of Coastal and Marine Infrastructures and Materials, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xueyuan Yan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Deterioration and Control of Coastal and Marine Infrastructures and Materials, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Liying Xu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Bruno Briseghella
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Deterioration and Control of Coastal and Marine Infrastructures and Materials, College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Giuseppe Carlo Marano
- Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Ren L, Huang X, Min H, Wang H, Xie Y, Zou H, Qiao C, Wu W. Different ratios of raw material triggered composting maturity associated with bacterial community co-occurrence patterns. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:62532-62543. [PMID: 36943561 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the ecological function of potential core bacteria for high-efficiency composting can provide a fundamental understanding of the role of composting bacterial communities. Mushroom residue and kitchen garbage at different ratios (N1: 1/1, N2: 1/2) of dry weight were tested to investigate the key ecological role of the core bacteria responsible for producing mature compost. N1 had a peak temperature of 75.0 °C which was higher than N2 (68.3 °C). Other key composting parameters (carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) and germination index (GI)) also indicated that N1 achieved higher compost maturity. Rice seedlings experiments also further validated this conclusion. Putative key bacterial taxa (Thermobifida, Luteimonasd, Bacillus, etc.) were positively associated with the GI, indicating a substantial contribution to composting maturity. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed the ecological function of potentially beneficial core bacteria promoted cooperation among the bacterial community. The putative core bacteria in N1 may affect composting efficiency. Our findings reveal the mechanism of potential core bacteria throughout the compost maturity phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lantian Ren
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingchen Huang
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Min
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Xie
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Zou
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cece Qiao
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Smart Crop Planting and Processing Technology, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233100, Chuzhou, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenge Wu
- Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 230031, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
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Nguyen NTT, Nguyen LM, Nguyen TTT, Nguyen NH, Nguyen DH, Nguyen DTC, Tran TV. Green synthesis of ZnFe 2O 4@ZnO nanocomposites using Chrysanthemum spp. floral waste for photocatalytic dye degradation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116746. [PMID: 36399883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of textile dyeing wastewater discharged into the environment has been recently increasing, resulting in harmful effects on living organisms and human health. The use of green nanoparticles for water decontamination has received much attention. Floral waste can be extracted with the release of natural compounds, which act as reducing and stabilizing agents during the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. Herein, we report the utilization of Chrysanthemum spp. floral waste extract to synthesize green ZnFe2O4@ZnO (ZFOZx) nanocomposites for the photocatalytic degradation of Congo red under solar light irradiation. The various molar ratio of ZnFe2O4 (0-50%) was incorporated into ZnO nanoparticles. The surface area of green ZFOZx nanocomposites was found to increase (7.41-42.66 m2 g-1) while their band gap energy decreased from 1.98 eV to 1.92 eV. Moreover, the results exhibited the highest Congo red dye degradation efficiency of 94.85% at a concentration of 5.0 mg L-1, and a catalyst dosage of 0.33 g L-1. The •O2- reactive species played a vital role in the photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye. Green ZFOZ3 nanocomposites had good recyclability with at least three cycles, and an excellent stability. The germination results showed that wastewater treated by ZFOZ3 was safe enough for bean seed germination. We expect that this work contributes significantly to developing novel green bio-based nanomaterials for environmental remediation as well as reducing the harm caused by flower wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoan Thi Thao Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering and Processing, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Luan Minh Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering and Processing, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Processing, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Science, Nong Lam University, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Hoi Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Viet Nam
| | - Dai Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Viet Nam
| | - Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam; NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam.
| | - Thuan Van Tran
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam; NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam.
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Fang T, Wang T, Zhao M, Bai L, Deng Y, Ruan W. Food waste digestate composting enhancement by sodium polyacrylate addition: Effects on nitrogen transformation processes and bacterial community dynamics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116531. [PMID: 36308788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The influences of sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) at the ratios of 0% (CK), 0.5% (F1), 1.0% (F2), 1.5% (F3), 2.0% (F4) and 2.5% (F5) on nitrogen transformation and bacterial community composition were investigated in the composting of food waste digestate (FWD) and corn straw (CS). PAAS addition increased the thermophilic temperature but had no significant effect on pH values. PAAS exerted significantly effects on the concentration of total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2--N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N). The compost product in 1.0% PAAS treatment was more active in absorbing nutrients. Firmicutes (9.40-83.54%), Actinobacteriota (9.98-51.50%), Proteobacteria (0.20-27.87%) and Bacteroidota (0.11-34.69%) were the dominant phyla in FWD composting. Moreover, relative to CK, PAAS promoted the propagation of dominant bacterial phyla Firmicutes with increment of 30.05-102.06% in the thermophilic phase. Kroppenstedtia, Thermobifida and Saccharomonospora were observed to be dominant at the maturing phase and correlated with NH4+-N, NO2--N, TN and NO3--N. Therefore, they might be regarded as probable biomarkers symbolic for the maturing phase during FWD composting. The compost product had the highest maturity degree in 1.0% PAAS treatment. These results indicated that PAAS addition improved the maturity and nutrient contents of the compost product as well as altered compost bacterial community dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tigao Fang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Environment Engineering, Wuxi University, Wuxi, 214105, China
| | - Mingxing Zhao
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Ling Bai
- Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan, 643000, China
| | - Yun Deng
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wenquan Ruan
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology & Material, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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Maturi KC, Haq I, Kalamdhad AS. Biodegradation of an intrusive weed Parthenium hysterophorus through in-vessel composting technique: toxicity assessment and spectroscopic study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:84600-84615. [PMID: 35788476 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21816-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parthenium hysterophorus is a toxic terrestrial weed with its erratic behavior brought on by the presence of toxic compounds. A numerous works have been conducted on the complete eradication of this weed, but due to the residuals exists in soil, the weed re-grows. Current study therefore aims at examining the transformation of this weed by an in-vessel composting approach (rotary drum composter) and the evaluation of toxicity characteristics using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa as bioindicators. The nutritional content such as total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium were increased by 38.8, 39.1, and 49.5%, respectively, and the reactor was effective in reducing the biochemical content such as lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose by 43.5, 50.7, and 57.3%, respectively, in the final compost. The thermophilic degradation phase in the reactor existed up to the 8th day of the composting process, which exhibits the highest degradation phase. Meanwhile, the degradation of phenolic, aliphatic, and lignocellulose was investigated and validated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powdered X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Although P. hysterophorus exhibited phytotoxic and cyto-genotoxic effects in plant models at the beginning of the composting process, the toxicity potential appeared to be reduced after 20 days of composting. Therefore, the study's findings proved that the in-vessel composting of P. hysterophorus can produce a nontoxic, nutrient-rich compost product that could be used as a soil conditioner in agricultural farmlands. The insights of the study are not limited to the nutritional, stability, and quality characteristics but also the toxicity characteristics during the composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Chaitanya Maturi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India.
| | - Izharul Haq
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India
| | - Ajay S Kalamdhad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India
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Wan X, Li J, Xie L, Wei Z, Wu J, Wah Tong Y, Wang X, He Y, Zhang J. Machine learning framework for intelligent prediction of compost maturity towards automation of food waste composting system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128107. [PMID: 36243261 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive composting is a promising technology for recovering valuable resources from food waste, while its manual regulation is laborious and time-consuming. In this study, machine learning (ML) technologies are adopted to enable automated composting by predicting compost maturity and providing process regulation. Four machine learning algorithms, namely random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) are employed to predict the seed germination index (GI) and C/N ratio. Based on the best fusion model with the highest R2 of 0.977 and 0.986 for the multi-task prediction of GI and C/N ratio, the critical factors and their interactions with maturity are identified. Moreover, the ML model is validated on a composting reactor and the ML-based prediction application can provide regulation to ensure food waste decompose within the required time. In conclusion, this compost maturity prediction system automates the reactive composting, thus reducing labor costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wan
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Junqiu Wu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiliang He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Yılmaz EC, Aydın Temel F, Cagcag Yolcu O, Turan NG. Modeling and optimization of process parameters in co-composting of tea waste and food waste: Radial basis function neural networks and genetic algorithm. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127910. [PMID: 36087650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of co-composting of food waste (FW) and tea waste (TW) on the losses of total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and moisture content (MC) were investigated. TW and FW were composted separately and compared with the co-composting of FW and TW at different ratios. While the MC losses were close to each other in all processes, the lowest TN and TOC losses were found in the composting process containing 25% TW as 26.80% and 40.11%, respectively. Moreover, Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNNs) were used to predict the losses of TN, TOC, and MC. The outputs of RBFNN were compared with Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Feed Forward Neural Network (FF-NN). In addition, the optimal parameter values were determined by Genetic algorithm (GA). As a result, it will be possible to simulate and improve different co-composting processes with obtained data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ceren Yılmaz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55200, Turkey
| | - Fulya Aydın Temel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, Giresun 28200, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Cagcag Yolcu
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Marmara University, İstanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Gamze Turan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55200, Turkey
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Kar S, Santra B, Kumar S, Ghosh S, Majumdar S. Sustainable conversion of textile industry cotton waste into P-dopped biochar for removal of dyes from textile effluent and valorisation of spent biochar into soil conditioner towards circular economy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:120056. [PMID: 36049578 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective immobilization of industrial waste into biochar development could be one of the most promising technologies for solid waste management to achieve circular economy. In this study, post-industrial cotton textile waste (PICTW), a cellulose rich industrial waste, was subjected to slow pyrolysis to develop a surface engineered biochar through phosphoric acid impregnation. Biochar produced at 500 °C designated as PICTWB500 showed a maximum methylene blue number (240 mg g-1) with remarkable specific surface area of 1498 m2 g-1. FESEM, FTIR, XRD and Raman spectra analysis were performed to investigate the surface texture and functionalities developed in the biochar. Adsorption efficiency of the biochar was assessed using drimarene red, blue, violet, and black dyes as model dye pollutants in batch mode at different biochar dose, pH and contact time. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained in the range 285-325 mg g-1 for different dyes, determined from Langmuir adsorption model. The kinetic behaviour was more favourable with the pseudo second-order model. The recycling ability of PICTWB500 was proven to be effective up to 6th cycle without compromising its adsorption efficiency significantly. This study demonstrated an excellent adsorption capability of the biochar in dye laden real textile effluent and recycling of spent biochar as a precursor of bio compost. Hence, this study established a dual win strategy for waste utilization in textile industry using a closed loop approach with substantial techno-economic feasibility that may have potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Kar
- Membrane and Separation Technology Division, CSIR- Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Bhaskar Santra
- Membrane and Separation Technology Division, CSIR- Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India; Waste Re-processing Division, CSIR- National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
| | - Sourja Ghosh
- Membrane and Separation Technology Division, CSIR- Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - Swachchha Majumdar
- Membrane and Separation Technology Division, CSIR- Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India
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Chen Y, Tang P, Li Y, Chen L, Jiang H, Liu Y, Luo X. Effect of attapulgite on heavy metals passivation and microbial community during co-composting of river sediment with agricultural wastes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134347. [PMID: 35306052 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated the effects of attapulgite addition on the physicochemical processes, heavy metal transformation, and microbial community during the composting of agricultural wastes and sediment. In addition, the correlation between environmental factors, heavy metals (HMs), and microbial community was also assessed by redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that pile B with attapulgite addition entered the thermophilic phase earlier and lasted longer than pile A as the control group. The reduction in the bioavailability of HMs (Cr, Cd, and Zn) was also greater in pile B, and the passivation of HMs was ranked as Cd > Zn > Cr. The relative abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria was the highest throughout the composting process. Furthermore, the RDA showed that the bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with temperature and C/N ratio in pile A, while significantly correlated with organic matter and pH in pile B. And the addition of attapulgite facilitated the conversion of HMs into more stable fractions by Pseudomonas. The study would provide a reference for the application of attapulgite to remediate the river sediment polluted by HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoning Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Ping Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yuanping Li
- College of Municipal and Mapping Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China.
| | - Li Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hongjuan Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yihuan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xinli Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, China
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12
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Pottipati S, Kundu A, Kalamdhad AS. Performance evaluation of a novel two-stage biodegradation technique through management of toxic lignocellulosic terrestrial weeds. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 144:191-202. [PMID: 35381446 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the biodegradation of two potentially toxic terrestrial weeds Parthenium hysterophorus and Lantana camara, implementing a novel two-stage biodegradation technique; Rotary drum composting followed by vermicomposting (RV). The RV approach was refined for a 7-day thermophilic degradation in an in-vessel rotary drum composter, followed by a 20-day mesophilic degradation utilizing Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae vermi-monocultures. However, rotary drum composting (RDC) was performed for both the weeds (for 27 days), facilitating only initial thermophilic degradation to compare the efficacy of the RV technique. Lignocelluloses analysis revealed that cellulose degradation doubled during RV technique, indicating efficient biodegradation in reactors administered with E. fetida vermiculture compared to RDC (19.60 to 42.80% and 26.80 to 66.50% in P. hysterophorus and L. camara feedstocks). Further, these results also correlated with the X-Ray diffractograms of all trials showing the degradation of crystalline cellulose at 2θ: 20-50° for RV. Moreover, to ensure product safety, the analyzed total heavy metals content also unveiled the advantage of RV over RDC as validated by the accumulation of higher concentrations of zinc (45% and 33% in P. hysterophorus and L. camara feedstocks) and lead (55% and 45% in P. hysterophorus and L. camara feedstocks) in reactors with E. fetida. The material's seed germination index increased to 80% in the final product of all trials in the RV technique, indicating the diminishing of the phytotoxic nature. Subsequently, pot studies also indicated that the RV technique was coherent in managing noxious weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryateja Pottipati
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Ashmita Kundu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ajay S Kalamdhad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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13
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Martins GA, Corrêa LB, Guidoni LLC, Lucia T, Gerber MD, Silva FMR, Corrêa EK. Toxicity and physicochemical parameters of composts including distinct residues from agribusiness and slaughterhouse sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 138:75-82. [PMID: 34871883 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Composting is useful for treatment of residues from agribusiness, but the potential toxicity of the final compost should be evaluated before its agricultural destination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and the toxicity of agribusiness residues using onion seeds as bioindicators. All tested treatments were composed by sludge from a swine slaughterhouse and sawdust. Besides the control, which included no additional materials, the other treatments included aviary bedding, rice husk and residue from tobacco industries as structuring materials. After 120 days of composting, for all treatments, the temperature inside the composting piles approached the environmental temperature, the physicochemical parameters indicated that the composts were stabilized and, except for the treatment including tobacco residues, that could be used for agriculture without impairing plant germination. Although the treatments including tobacco residues and rice husk showed evidence of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity at the beginning of the composting period, that was not observed for the treatment including aviary bedding. Such potential toxicity was not observed at the end of composting for any of the tested treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Martins
- NEPERS, Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - L B Corrêa
- NEPERS, Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - L L C Guidoni
- NEPERS, Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - T Lucia
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - M D Gerber
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Sul-Rio-Grandense, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - F M R Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - E K Corrêa
- NEPERS, Centro de Engenharias, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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14
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Gurmessa B, Cocco S, Ashworth AJ, Foppa Pedretti E, Ilari A, Cardelli V, Fornasier F, Ruello ML, Corti G. Post-digestate composting benefits and the role of enzyme activity to predict trace element immobilization and compost maturity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 338:125550. [PMID: 34274591 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the quality of agricultural waste digestate by composting or co-composting with biogas feedstock (maize silage, food processing waste, or poultry litter). Temperature, phytotoxicity, C/N ratio, water extractable trace elements, and 14 enzyme activities were monitored. Temperature dropped earlier in digestate and maize silage co-composting pile, reducing time to maturity by 20 days. Composting and co-composting reduced phytotoxicity and C/N ratio, but increased immobilization of Al, Ba, Fe, Zn, and Mn at least by 40% in all piles. All the enzyme activities, except arylsulfatase and α-glucosidase, increased at the maturity phase and negatively correlated with organic matter content and most of trace elements. Post-digestate composting or co-composting with biogas feedstock is a promising strategy to improve digestate quality for fertilizer use, and selected enzyme activities can be indicators of compost maturity and immobilization of trace elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyensa Gurmessa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Stefania Cocco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Amanda J Ashworth
- USDA-ARS, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, 1260 W. Maple St. Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Ester Foppa Pedretti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessio Ilari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valeria Cardelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Flavio Fornasier
- Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per lo Studio delle Relazioni tra Pianta e Suolo (C.R.E.A.-R.P.S.), 34170 Gorizia, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Ruello
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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15
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Sharma D, Pandey AK, Yadav KD, Kumar S. Response surface methodology and artificial neural network modelling for enhancing maturity parameters during vermicomposting of floral waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 324:124672. [PMID: 33445008 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the mixture of floral waste and cattle dung in different proportions was utilised to convert into vermicompost using earthworm Eisenia fetida. In the design of the experiment, the optimum amount of floral waste (1325 g) and cattle dung (500 g) was obtained for vermicompost using central composite design (CCD) and compared with the output of artificial neural network (ANN). The optimum proportions of vermicompost showed pH of 7.10, electrical conductivity of 3.39 mS/cm, total organic carbon of 34.01%, C: N ratio of 13, phosphorous of 5.31 g/kg and potassium of 14.45 g/kg. This vermicompost was enriched with sufficient concentration of nutrients like potassium, sodium, phosphorous, and calcium, which are beneficial for the growth of the plants. The current study was based on comparing response surface methodology (RSM) and ANN for maturity parameters and the value of R2 in both the cases was near 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanand Sharma
- Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Patna, Ashok Rajpath, Mahendru, Patna, Bihar 800005, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Kunwar Durg Yadav
- Civil Engineering Department, S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat 395 007, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.
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16
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Yuvaraj A, Thangaraj R, Ravindran B, Chang SW, Karmegam N. Centrality of cattle solid wastes in vermicomposting technology - A cleaner resource recovery and biowaste recycling option for agricultural and environmental sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115688. [PMID: 33039975 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The current review reports the importance and significance of cattle solid waste in vermicomposting technology concerning biowaste pollution in the environment. Needy increasing population evokes livestock production resulting in the massive generation of livestock wastes, especially cattle dung. Improper disposal and handling of biowastes originating from agriculture, industries, forests, rural and urban areas lead to nutrient loss, environmental pollution and health risks. Among the organic waste disposal methods available, vermicomposting is regarded as an environmentally friendly technology for bioconversion of agricultural, industrial, rural and urban generated organic solid wastes which are serving as reservoirs of environmental pollution. In vermicomposting of organic wastes, cattle dung plays a central role in mineralization, nutrient recovery, earthworm and microbial activity leading to vermifertilizer production. Even though the vermicomposting studies use cattle dung invariably as an amendment material, its importance has not been reviewed to highlight its central role. Hence, the present review mainly emphasizes the key role played by cattle dung in vermicomposting. Vermiconversion of cattle dung alone and in combination with other biowaste materials of environmental concern, mechanisms involved and benefits of vermicompost in sustainable agriculture are the major objectives addressed in the present review. The analysis reveals that cattle dung is indispensable amendment material for vermicomposting technology to ensure agricultural and environmental sustainability by reducing pollution risks associated with biowastes on one hand, and nutrient-rich benign vermifertilizer production on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Gyeonggi - Do, 16227, South Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Gyeonggi - Do, 16227, South Korea
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India.
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17
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Abdellah YAY, Li T, Chen X, Cheng Y, Sun S, Wang Y, Jiang C, Zang H, Li C. Role of psychrotrophic fungal strains in accelerating and enhancing the maturity of pig manure composting under low-temperature conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124402. [PMID: 33212385 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigatedthe effects of applying psychrotrophic cellulose-degrading fungion cellulase production, fungal community structure, and maturity of pig manure (PM) compost under low-temperature conditions. Three psychrotrophic fungal strains were isolated and identified, and after the cold-active cellulase production conditions were optimized, they were inoculated into PM compost. While the control (CK) compost temperature failed to reachthe thermophilic stage, the inoculated compost temperature reached it within 3 days and was maintained for up to 17 days. Fungal inoculants improved fungal community structure at the end of composting, as suggested by network analysis. Principal component analysis revealed that the germination index (GI), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and total nitrogen (TN) were the most influential physicochemical parameters affecting compost maturity. The results of the compost products reflected the suitability of the compost as a fertilizer. This study indicated that newly identified strains positively impacted composting at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tianzhu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yi Cheng
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hailian Zang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Chunyan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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18
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Chang R, Li Y, Chen Q, Gong X, Qi Z. Effects of carbon-based additives and ventilation rate on nitrogen loss and microbial community during chicken manure composting. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229880. [PMID: 32966333 PMCID: PMC7511025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic composting is a sustainable method for chicken manure recycling, while its unsuitable porosity and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) may result in high nitrogen loss and incomplete composting. With the aim to investigate the effects of carbon-based additives and two ventilation rates on chicken manure composting and microbial community, two series of treatments were set up for chicken manure composting, in order to investigate their effects on the biodegradation process, ammonia (NH3) emission, nitrogen loss, physiochemical properties and microbial community. The results showed that additives and ventilation rates set in the current study influenced the carbon dioxide (CO2) production from the 2nd week and also the physiochemical parameters during the entire process, while no inhibitory effect on the maturity were observed. With woody peat as additive, the NH3 emission amount and nitrogen loss rate were shown as 15.86 mg and 4.02%, less than those in other treatments, 31.08–80.13 mg and 24.26–34.24%, respectively. The high aeration rate increased the NH3 emission and nitrogen loss, which were varied when the additives were different. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) results showed that the additives and the ventilation rates changed the microbial community, while the prominent microbial clones belonged to the class of Bacilli and Clostridia (in the phylum of Firmicutes), and Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria (in the phylum of Proteobacteria). Bacillus spp. was observed to be the most dominant bacteria in all the composting stages and treatments. It was concluded that woody peat could improve chicken manure composting more than other additives, especially on reducing nitrogen loss, meanwhile 0.18 L‧min-1‧kg-1 DM was suitable for various additives. Therefore, suitable additive and aeration rate could be used in practical application, which could significantly reduce nitrogen loss without influence on the compos maturity process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Chang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zicheng Qi
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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19
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Muratçobanoğlu H, Gökçek ÖB, Mert RA, Zan R, Demirel S. Simultaneous synergistic effects of graphite addition and co-digestion of food waste and cow manure: Biogas production and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123365. [PMID: 32305850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of graphite on the anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW), cow manure (CM) and its mixture (FW/CM) via batch experiments under mesophilic conditions have been investigated in this study. Maximum biogas production with graphite addition for FW + 1 g/L, CM + 1.5 g/L and FW/CM + 0.75 g/L are 1128.46, 829.6 and 1471.1 mL/gVS respectively. Additionally, this study investigates the link between microbial community structure and biogas production when graphite addition of anaerobic digester was conducted. Based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing results, Aminiphilus (13-14%), Actinobaculum (13-15%) and Clostridium (12-18%) were the predominant bacterial genera in graphite-added FW, CM and FW/CM reactors, respectively. Comparatively higher biogas production of FW/CM synergistically affected by abundances of Clostridium as well as co-digestion in this anaerobic digestion setup. Methanosaeta was the most abundant methanogen in the graphite added digesters; however, the relative abundance of these genera was different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdi Muratçobanoğlu
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey.
| | - Öznur Begüm Gökçek
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Ruhullah Ali Mert
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Recep Zan
- Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Demirel
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
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20
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Pattanaik L, Duraivadivel P, Hariprasad P, Naik SN. Utilization and re-use of solid and liquid waste generated from the natural indigo dye production process - A zero waste approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122721. [PMID: 31986372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this work is focused towards possible reuse of both solid and liquid waste generated from the natural indigo dye production process. The solid waste (C/N:15.01) was utilized to produce stable compost with possible re-use in Indigofera cultivation. Among seven compost combinations (C1-C7) using jeevamrutha (JA) and cow-dung (CD) as inoculum, C4 with 8% JA showed higher biomass degradation (51%) and plant growth potential (GI > 125%). Whereas the undiluted liquid waste was treated using algal consortia, bacteria, and indigenous microbial population, achieved a maximum removal of 90% ammonia, 82% nitrate, and 88% phosphorus for its re-use in the dye production process. Hence, incorporation of suitable waste management strategies in natural indigo dye production could help to achieve a zero waste sustainable process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lopa Pattanaik
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - P Duraivadivel
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - P Hariprasad
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Satya Narayan Naik
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
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21
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Li Y, Yang X, Gao W, Qiu J, Li Y. Comparative study of vermicomposting of garden waste and cow dung using Eisenia fetida. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:9646-9657. [PMID: 31925695 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vermicomposting is the process of composting using worms and is applied in waste management to produce high-quality organic fertilizer. Garden waste (GW) is often mixed with other raw materials for vermicomposting. In the present study, the feasibility of vermicomposting using only GW was investigated in comparison with cow dung (CD). The total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) contents and the electrical conductivity increased, while total organic carbon (TOC) and the C/N ratio decreased in both substrates after vermicomposting. The nutrient content (TN, TP, and TK) of the GW vermicompost was promoted less than that in CD. Scanning electron microscopy images and specific surface area analysis showed that the vermicompost was strongly disaggregated and became more compacted and fragmented compared with the raw substrates. No mortality of earthworms was observed in GW; however, the earthworms had a higher mean body weight and reproduction rate in CD than that in GW. There were higher bacterial community richness and diversity in the vermicompost than that in the raw materials, and the dominant phylum species were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that TN, C/N ratio, and TOC play an important role in bacterial community dynamics. These data indicate that vermicomposting is a robust process that is suitable for the management of GW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaolei Yang
- Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Shanghai, 201103, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Shanghai Shengran Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201401, China
| | - Jiangping Qiu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yinsheng Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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22
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Wahi R, Bidin ER, Mohamed Asif NM, Nor Hamizat NA, Ngaini Z, Omar R, Jamel J. Nutrient availability in sago bark and empty fruit bunch composts for the growth of water spinach and green mustard. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:22246-22253. [PMID: 31152421 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sago bark (SB) and empty fruit bunch (EFB) are available abundantly as agricultural waste in Sarawak. This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of SB and EFB as composting materials and used as a plant growth medium. The SB and EFB composts were prepared in a separate container by mixing chicken manure as compost accelerator and wood chips as a bulking agent in dry weight equivalent ratio (1:1:1). The maturity and stability of compost in 60-day composting periods were evaluated via physicochemical characterization of the composts in terms of pH, elemental content, total ash content, moisture content and nutrient analyses. The effect of the compost usage as growth medium was assessed towards water spinach and green mustard via seed germination and pot study. After 2 months, the colour of both composts was dark brown with an earthy smell. The acidic pH of the initial composting stage has changed into alkaline pH after 60 days of composting. Total NPK present in the SB and EFB composts were 0.96% and 1.21%, respectively. The germination index (GI) for the studied vegetables was above 100%, while the pot study showed that vegetables in compost media has higher growth compared to the control, after 14 days. SB and EFB are renewable waste which can be used as an excellent compost and able to improve the quality of the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafeah Wahi
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Effa Radika Bidin
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nawwar Muntaj Mohamed Asif
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nur Athirah Nor Hamizat
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Zainab Ngaini
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Omar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamliah Jamel
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Ghinea C, Apostol LC, Prisacaru AE, Leahu A. Development of a model for food waste composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:4056-4069. [PMID: 30554319 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, large amounts of food are wasted every year. Reducing of food waste at European level is taken very seriously and it has been adopted even a target of reducing the amount of food waste in half until 2030. In many countries of the European Union, food wastes are composted, while in countries like Romania, the composting is too little used or not at all, but efforts are being made to apply this process. Food waste composting should take place both at the composting plants and housing level. An important step before starting the composting process is to establish an appropriate recipe. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a composting recipe starting from investigation of food waste like peel and pomace of fruits (apple, banana, orange, and kiwi) and vegetables (potato, cabbage, and carrots) which are very common in waste generated at the housing level. The most important physical-chemical parameters were investigated in this study. Results show that pH of fruit waste is acid (4.0-5.0), while for vegetable waste, the pH is slightly higher (between 6.0 and 6.5). For all types of food waste, a very high moisture content (80-90%) was registered, while the nitrogen content is below 1%. Considering that C/N ratio is one of the most essential parameters, for the process to be carried out in good conditions, we have used regression analysis in order to determine the amounts of fruits and vegetable waste necessary to obtain different C/N ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ghinea
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229, Suceava, Romania.
| | - Laura Carmen Apostol
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229, Suceava, Romania
| | - Ancuta Elena Prisacaru
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229, Suceava, Romania
| | - Ana Leahu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229, Suceava, Romania
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