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du Preez LL, van der Walt E, Valverde A, Rothmann C, Neser FWC, Cason ED. A metagenomic survey of the fecal microbiome of the African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana). Anim Genet 2024; 55:621-643. [PMID: 38923598 DOI: 10.1111/age.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana) is the largest terrestrial animal on Earth and is found primarily in Southern and Eastern Africa. It is a hindgut, colonic fermenter and subsists on a diet of raw plant materials found in its grazing area. In this study the bacterial, archaeal and fungal populations of seven African savanna elephant fecal metagenomes were first characterized using amplicon sequencing. On the genus level it was observed that the p-1088-a5 gut group in the bacteriome, Methanocorpusulum and Methanobrevibacter in the archaeome and Alternaria, Aurobasidium, Didymella and Preussia in the mycome, predominated. Subsequently, metagenomic shotgun sequencing was employed to identify possible functional pathways and carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). Carbohydrate catabolic pathways represented the main degradation pathways, and the fecal metagenome was enriched in the glycohydroside (GH) class of CAZymes. Additionally, the top GH families identified - GH43, GH2, GH13 and GH3 - are known to be associated with cellulytic, hemicellulytic and pectolytic activities. Finally, the CAZymes families identified in the African savanna elephant were compared with those found in the Asian elephant and it was demonstrated that there is a unique repository of CAZymes that could be leveraged in the biotechnological context such as the degradation of lignocellulose for the production of second-generation biofuels and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Lategan du Preez
- Department of Animal Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Elzette van der Walt
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Angel Valverde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Christopher Rothmann
- Department of Animal Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | | | - Errol Duncan Cason
- Department of Animal Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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2
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Akram F, Fatima T, Ibrar R, Shabbir I, Shah FI, Haq IU. Trends in the development and current perspective of thermostable bacterial hemicellulases with their industrial endeavors: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130993. [PMID: 38508567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Hemicellulases are enzymes that hydrolyze hemicelluloses, common polysaccharides in nature. Thermophilic hemicellulases, derived from microbial strains, are extensively studied as natural biofuel sources due to the complex structure of hemicelluloses. Recent research aims to elucidate the catalytic principles, mechanisms and specificity of hemicellulases through investigations into their high-temperature stability and structural features, which have applications in biotechnology and industry. This review article targets to serve as a comprehensive resource, highlighting the significant progress in the field and emphasizing the vital role of thermophilic hemicellulases in eco-friendly catalysis. The primary goal is to improve the reliability of hemicellulase enzymes obtained from thermophilic bacterial strains. Additionally, with their ability to break down lignocellulosic materials, hemicellulases hold immense potential for biofuel production. Despite their potential, the commercial viability is hindered by their high enzyme costs, necessitating the development of efficient bioprocesses involving waste pretreatment with microbial consortia to overcome this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Akram
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Taseer Fatima
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ramesha Ibrar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ifrah Shabbir
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Ikram Ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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3
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Zheng F, Chen J, Wang J, Zhuang H. Transformation of corncob into high-value xylooligosaccharides using glycoside hydrolase families 10 and 11 xylanases from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130249. [PMID: 38154735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Effective production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with lower proportion of xylose entails unique and robust xylanases. In this study, two novel xylanases from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 belonging to glycoside hydrolase families 10 (XynTR10) and 11 (XynTR11) were over-expressed in Komagataella phaffii X-33 and characterized to be robust enzymes with high halotolerance and ethanol tolerant. Both enzymes displayed strict substrate specificity towards beechwood xylan and wheat arabinoxylan. (Glu153/Glu258) and (Glu161/Glu252) were key catalytic sites for XynTR10 and XynTR11. Notably, XynTR11 could rapidly degrade xylan/XOS into xylobiose without xylose via transglycosylation. Direct degradation of corncob using XynTR10 and XynTR111 displayed that while XynTR10 yielded 77% xylobiose and 25% xylose, XynTR11 yielded much less xylose (11%) and comparable amounts of xylobiose (63%). XynTR10 or XynTR111 has great potential as a catalyst for bioconversion of xylan-containing agricultural waste into high-value products (biofuel or XOS), which is of significant benefit for the economy and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, The Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310051, China
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Ramires FA, Durante M, D’Antuono I, Garbetta A, Bruno A, Tarantini A, Gallo A, Cardinali A, Bleve G. Novel Fermentation Strategies of Strawberry Tree Arbutus unedo Fruits to Obtain High Nutritional Value Products. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:684. [PMID: 38255758 PMCID: PMC10815911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The strawberry tree (Arbustus unedo) is a medicinal plant and an important source of biocompounds, potentially useful for pharmaceutical and chemical applications to prevent or treat several human diseases. The strawberry tree fruits have usually been used to produce traditional products such as jams and jellies and to obtain fermented alcoholic drinks, representing the most valuable derivative products. Other fermented products are potentially interesting for their nutritional value; however, the fermentation process needs to be controlled and standardized to obtain high-quality products/ingredients. In this work, we investigated two different fermentative procedures, using strawberry tree whole fruit and fruit paste as matrices inoculated with a selected starter strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae LI 180-7. The physical, chemical, microbiological and nutritional properties of fermented products were evaluated, as well as their antioxidant activity. The new obtained fermented products are enriched in organic acids (acetic acid varied from 39.58 and 57.21 mg/g DW and lactic acid from 85.33 to 114.1 mg/g DW) and have better nutritional traits showing a higher amount of total polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins) that ranged from 1852 mg GAE/100 g DW to 2682 mg GAE/100 g DW. Also, the amount of isoprenoid increased ranging from 155.5 μg/g DW to 164.61 μg/g DW. In this regard, the most promising strategy seemed to be the fermentation of the fruit paste preparation; while the extract of fermented whole fruits showed the most powerful antioxidant activity. Finally, a preliminary attempt to produce a food prototype enriched in fermented strawberry tree fruits suggested the whole fruit fermented sample as the most promising from a preliminary sensory analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Anna Ramires
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Unità Operativa di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.A.R.); (M.D.); (A.T.); (A.G.)
| | - Miriana Durante
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Unità Operativa di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.A.R.); (M.D.); (A.T.); (A.G.)
| | - Isabella D’Antuono
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonella Garbetta
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Angelica Bruno
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamaria Tarantini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Unità Operativa di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.A.R.); (M.D.); (A.T.); (A.G.)
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (Di.S.S.P.A), University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonia Gallo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Unità Operativa di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.A.R.); (M.D.); (A.T.); (A.G.)
| | - Angela Cardinali
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (I.D.); (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Gianluca Bleve
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Unità Operativa di Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.A.R.); (M.D.); (A.T.); (A.G.)
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Dhaver P, Pletschke B, Sithole B, Govinden R. Optimization of Xylooligosaccharides Production by Native and Recombinant Xylanase Hydrolysis of Chicken Feed Substrates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17110. [PMID: 38069432 PMCID: PMC10707560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry production faces several challenges, with feed efficiency being the main factor that can be influenced through the use of different nutritional strategies. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are functional feed additives that are attracting growing commercial interest due to their excellent ability to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. The aim of the study was to apply crude and purified fungal xylanases, from Trichoderma harzianum, as well as a recombinant glycoside hydrolase family 10 xylanase, derived from Geobacillus stearothermophilus T6, as additives to locally produced chicken feeds. A Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to optimize the reducing sugar yield. Response surface methodology (RSM) revealed that reducing sugars were higher (8.05 mg/mL, 2.81 mg/mL and 2.98 mg/mL) for the starter feed treated with each of the three enzymes compared to the treatment with grower feed (3.11 mg/mL, 2.41 mg/mL and 2.62 mg/mL). The hydrolysis products were analysed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis and showed that the enzymes hydrolysed the chicken feeds, producing a range of monosaccharides (arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose) and XOS, with xylobiose being the predominant XOS. These results show promising data for future applications as additives to poultry feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyashini Dhaver
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Brett Pletschke
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda (Grahamstown) 6140, South Africa;
| | - Bruce Sithole
- Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Roshini Govinden
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
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Nadhifah H, Rahmani N, Mangunwardoyo W, Yopi, Atikana A, Ratnakomala S, Lisdiyanti P. Xylanopectinolytic enzymes by marine actinomycetes from sediments of Sarena Kecil, North Sulawesi: high potential to produce galacturonic acid and xylooligosaccharides from raw biomass. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:31. [PMID: 36920661 PMCID: PMC10017887 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinomycetes isolated from marine habitats are known to have the potential for novel enzymes that are beneficial in the industry. In-depth knowledge is necessary given the variety of this bacterial group in Indonesia and the lack of published research. Actinomycetes isolates (BLH 5-14) obtained from marine sediments of Sarena Kecil, Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, showed an ability to produce pectinase and xylanase that have equal or even higher potential for pectic-oligosaccharides (POS) and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production from raw biomass than from commercial substrates. This study's objective was to characterize both enzymes to learn more for future research and development. RESULTS Pectinase had the highest activity on the 6th day (1.44±0.08 U/mL) at the optimum pH of 8.0 and optimum temperature of 50 °C. Xylanase had the maximum activity on the 6th day (4.33±0.03 U/mL) at optimum pH 6.0 and optimum temperature 60 °C. Hydrolysis and thin layer chromatography also showed that pectinase was able to produce monosaccharides such as galacturonic acid (P1), and xylanase was able to yield oligosaccharides such as xylotriose (X3), xylotetraose (X4), and xylopentaose (X5). BLH 5-14 identified as the genus Streptomyces based on the 16S rDNA sequences and the closely related species Streptomyces tendae (99,78%). CONCLUSIONS In the eco-friendly paper bleaching industry, Streptomyces tendae has demonstrated the potential to create enzymes with properties that can be active in a wide range of pH levels. The oligosaccharides have the potential as prebiotics or dietary supplements with anti-cancer properties. Further research is needed to optimize the production, purification, and development of the application of pectinase and xylanase enzymes produced by Actinomycetes isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Nadhifah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Pondok Cina, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Nanik Rahmani
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Wibowo Mangunwardoyo
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Pondok Cina, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Yopi
- Deputy of Regional Research and Innovation Agency, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. M.H. Thamrin No.8, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Akhirta Atikana
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Shanti Ratnakomala
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Puspita Lisdiyanti
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
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Production of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) of tailored degree of polymerization from acetylated xylans through modelling of enzymatic hydrolysis. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fernandes de Souza H, Aguiar Borges L, Dédalo Di Próspero Gonçalves V, Vitor dos Santos J, Sousa Bessa M, Fronja Carosia M, Vieira de Carvalho M, Viana Brandi I, Setsuko Kamimura E. Recent advances in the application of xylanases in the food industry and production by actinobacteria: a review. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zheng F, Basit A, Zhuang H, Chen J, Zhang J, Chen W. Biochemical characterization of a novel acidophilic β-xylanase from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 and its synergistic hydrolysis of beechwood xylan. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:998160. [PMID: 36199370 PMCID: PMC9527580 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.998160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acidophilic β-xylanases have attracted considerable attention due to their excellent activity under extreme acidic environments and potential industrial utilizations. In this study, a novel β-xylanase gene (Xyl11) of glycoside hydrolase family 11, was cloned from Trichoderma asperellum ND-1 and efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris (a 2.0-fold increase). Xyl11 displayed a maximum activity of 121.99 U/ml at pH 3.0 and 50°C, and exhibited strict substrate specificity toward beechwood xylan (Km = 9.06 mg/ml, Vmax = 608.65 μmol/min/mg). The Xyl11 retained over 80% activity at pH 2.0–5.0 after pretreatment at 4°C for 1 h. Analysis of the hydrolytic pattern revealed that Xyl11 could rapidly convert xylan to xylobiose via hydrolysis activity as well as transglycosylation. Moreover, the results of site-directed mutagenesis suggested that the Xyl11 residues, Glu127, Glu164, and Glu216, are essential catalytic sites, with Asp138 having an auxiliary function. Additionally, a high degree of synergy (15.02) was observed when Xyl11 was used in association with commercial β-xylosidase. This study provided a novel acidophilic β-xylanase that exhibits excellent characteristics and can, therefore, be considered a suitable candidate for extensive applications, especially in food and animal feed industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fengzhen Zheng,
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Huan Zhuang
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, The Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqing Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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Antoniêto ACC, Nogueira KMV, Mendes V, Maués DB, Oshiquiri LH, Zenaide-Neto H, de Paula RG, Gaffey J, Tabatabaei M, Gupta VK, Silva RN. Use of carbohydrate-directed enzymes for the potential exploitation of sugarcane bagasse to obtain value-added biotechnological products. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:456-471. [PMID: 36070819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, are crucial players in the production of enzymatic cocktails for biomass hydrolysis or the bioconversion of plant biomass into products with industrial relevance. The biotechnology industry can exploit lignocellulosic biomass for the production of high-value chemicals. The generation of biotechnological products from lignocellulosic feedstock presents several bottlenecks, including low efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis, high cost of enzymes, and limitations on microbe metabolic performance. Genetic engineering offers a route for developing improved microbial strains for biotechnological applications in high-value product biosynthesis. Sugarcane bagasse, for example, is an agro-industrial waste that is abundantly produced in sugar and first-generation processing plants. Here, we review the potential conversion of its feedstock into relevant industrial products via microbial production and discuss the advances that have been made in improving strains for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cristina Campos Antoniêto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Karoline Maria Vieira Nogueira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Mendes
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - David Batista Maués
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Harumi Oshiquiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Hermano Zenaide-Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Renato Graciano de Paula
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, ES 29047-105, Brazil
| | - James Gaffey
- Circular Bioeconomy Research Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University, Kerry, Ireland; BiOrbic, Bioeconomy Research Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Center for Safe and Improved Food, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
| | - Roberto Nascimento Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil.
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Martins M, Tramontina R, Squina FM, Dinamarco TM, Goldbeck R. Synergism for xylo-oligosaccharides, ρ-coumaric and ferulic acid production, and thermostability modulation of GH 62 α-l-arabinofuranosidase. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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Díaz-Arenas GL, Lebanov L, Sanz Rodríguez E, Sadiq MM, Paull B, Garnier G, Tanner J. Chemometric optimisation of enzymatic hydrolysis of beechwood xylan to target desired xylooligosaccharides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 352:127041. [PMID: 35318144 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Generation of specific xylooligosaccharides (XOS) is attractive to the pharmaceutical and food industries due to the importance of their structure upon their application. This study used chemometrics to develop a comprehensive computational modelling set to predict the parameters maximising the generation of the desired XOS during enzymatic hydrolysis. The evaluated parameters included pH, temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme dosage and reaction time. A Box-Behnken design was combined with response surface methodology to develop the models. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPAEC-QqQ-MS) allowed the identification of 22 XOS within beechwood xylan hydrolysates. These data were used to validate the developed models and demonstrated their accuracy in predicting the parameters maximising the generation of the desired XOS. The maximum yields for X2-X6 were 314.2 ± 1.2, 76.6 ± 4.5, 38.4 ± 0.4, 17.8 ± 0.7, and 5.3 ± 0.2 mg/g xylan, respectively. These values map closely to the model predicted values 311.7, 92.6, 43.0, 16.3, and 4.9 mg/g xylan, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria L Díaz-Arenas
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Leo Lebanov
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Estrella Sanz Rodríguez
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - M Munir Sadiq
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Gil Garnier
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Joanne Tanner
- Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia (BioPRIA), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Processing Advanced Lignocellulosics (PALS), Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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13
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Gufe C, Ngenyoung A, Rattanarojpong T, Khunrae P. Investigation into the effects of CbXyn10C and Xyn11A on xylooligosaccharide profiles produced from sugarcane bagasse and rice straw and their impact on probiotic growth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126319. [PMID: 34775054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This comparative study investigated the effects of CbXyn10C and Xyn11A on xylooligosaccharide profiles produced from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and rice straw (RS) and their impact on probiotic growth. Generally, CbXyn10C produced more xylose and a higher total phenolic content than Xyn11A. Interestingly, XOS obtained from SCB with CbXyn10C contained significantly more gallic acid than that produced by Xn11A. All selected probiotics thrived in RS-derived XOS, regardless of the enzyme used. However, probiotics grew differently on SCB-derived XOS depending on the enzyme used. All probiotics thrived in Xyn11A-derived XOS from SCB. Only Lactobacillus plantarum thrived on CbXyn10C-derived XOS, while the other two were inhibited. Gallic acid in CbXyn10C-derived XOS from SCB has been linked to probiotic retardation, and gallic acid-enriched broth has been found to inhibit Bifidobacterium longum and Bacillus subtilis, but not L. plantarum. Consequently, the selection of enzymes and plant biomass is crucial for XOS properties and prebiotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudious Gufe
- Department of Microbiology, Science Laboratory Building, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand
| | - Apichet Ngenyoung
- Department of Microbiology, Science Laboratory Building, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand
| | - Triwit Rattanarojpong
- Department of Microbiology, Science Laboratory Building, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Khunrae
- Department of Microbiology, Science Laboratory Building, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand.
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14
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Characterisation of biomass degrading xylanolytic enzymes of Penicillium chrysogenum produced using sugarcane bagasse. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Endo-xylanases from Cohnella sp. AR92 aimed at xylan and arabinoxylan conversion into value-added products. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:6759-6778. [PMID: 34458936 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The genus Cohnella belongs to a group of Gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria within the Paenibacillaceae family. Although most species were described as xylanolytic bacteria, the literature still lacks some key information regarding their repertoire of xylan-degrading enzymes. The whole genome sequence of an isolated xylan-degrading bacterium Cohnella sp. strain AR92 was found to contain five genes encoding putative endo-1,4-β-xylanases, of which four were cloned, expressed, and characterized to better understand the contribution of the individual endo-xylanases to the overall xylanolytic properties of strain AR92. Three of the enzymes, CoXyn10A, CoXyn10C, and CoXyn11A, were shown to be effective at hydrolyzing xylans-derived from agro-industrial, producing oligosaccharides with substrate conversion values of 32.5%, 24.7%, and 10.6%, respectively, using sugarcane bagasse glucuronoarabinoxylan and of 29.9%, 19.1%, and 8.0%, respectively, using wheat bran-derived arabinoxylan. The main reaction products from GH10 enzymes were xylobiose and xylotriose, whereas CoXyn11A produced mostly xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with 2 to 5 units of xylose, often substituted, resulting in potentially prebiotic arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS). The endo-xylanases assay displayed operational features (temperature optima from 49.9 to 50.4 °C and pH optima from 6.01 to 6.31) fitting simultaneous xylan utilization. Homology modeling confirmed the typical folds of the GH10 and GH11 enzymes, substrate docking studies allowed the prediction of subsites (- 2 to + 1 in GH10 and - 3 to + 1 in GH11) and identification of residues involved in ligand interactions, supporting the experimental data. Overall, the Cohnella sp. AR92 endo-xylanases presented significant potential for enzymatic conversion of agro-industrial by-products into high-value products.Key points• Cohnella sp. AR92 genome encoded five potential endo-xylanases.• Cohnella sp. AR92 enzymes produced xylooligosaccharides from xylan, with high yields.• GH10 enzymes from Cohnella sp. AR92 are responsible for the production of X2 and X3 oligosaccharides.• GH11 from Cohnella sp. AR92 contributes to the overall xylan degradation by producing substituted oligosaccharides.
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16
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Valladares-Diestra KK, Porto de Souza Vandenberghe L, Soccol CR. A biorefinery approach for enzymatic complex production for the synthesis of xylooligosaccharides from sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125174. [PMID: 33892428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of low-cost feedstock for enzyme production is an environmental and economic solution. Sugarcane bagasse and soybean meal are employed in this study for optimised xylanase production with the concomitant synthesis of proteases. The enzymatic complex is produced by submerged fermentation by Aspergillus niger. Optimisation steps lead to a 2.16-fold increase in enzymatic activity. The fermentation kinetics are studied in Erlenmeyer flasks, a stirred tank reactor and a bubble column reactor, with the xylanase activities reaching 52.9; 33.7 and 60.5 U.mL-1, respectively. The protease production profile is also better in the bubble column reactor, exceeding 7 U.mL-1. The enzyme complex is then evaluated for the synthesis of xylooligosaccharides from sugarcane extracted xylan with a production of 3.1 g.L-1 where xylotriose is the main product. Excellent perspectives are observed for the developed process with potential applications in the animal feed, prebiotics and paper industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Kley Valladares-Diestra
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil
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17
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Fujii Y. [Cell Function Research of β-Trefoil Lectins from Mytilidae]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:481-488. [PMID: 33790114 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two novel β-trefoil lectins, MytiLec-1 and SeviL were found from mussels in the coast of Yokohama and Nagasaki. MytiLec-1 was purified from gill and mantle of Mytilus galloprovincialis. It was consisted of 149 amino acid residues and there was no similarity with any other proteins when it was discovered. We advocate for this "Mytilectin" as a new protein family because of their novelty of its primary structure and homologues were also found in other mussels. Glycan array analysis revealed that MytiLec-1 specifically bound to the Gb3 and Gb4 glycan which contained the α-galactoside. MytiLec-1 caused the apoptosis against the Burkitt's lymphoma cells through the interaction of Gb3 express in their cell surface. On the other hand, SeviL obtained from gill and mantle of Mytilisepta virgata showed the specific binding against GM1b, asialo GM1 and SSEA-4 which are known as glycosphingolipid glycan including the β-galactoside. In addition, SeviL was identified as R type lectin by confirmation of QXW motif within its primary structure. Messenger RNA of SeviL like R type lectins was also found among the musssels including Mytilus galloprovincialis. SeviL also showed the apoptosis against asialo GM1 expressing cells. To apply the anticancer lectin as a novel molecular target drug, primary structure of MytiLec-1 was analyzed to enhance the stabilization of confirmation by computational design technique. It was succeeded to produce a monomeric artificial β-trefoil lectin, Mitsuba-1 without losing the Gb3 binding ability. Comparison of biological function between Mitsuba-1 and MytiLec-1 is also described in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
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18
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Cayetano RDA, Park J, Kim GB, Jung JH, Kim SH. Enhanced anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge via bioaugmentation strategy-Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt2) analysis through hydrolytic enzymes and possible linkage to system performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125014. [PMID: 33839513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, anaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge was bioaugmented with hydrolytic bacteria, Bacteroidetes uniformis (Bacteroidetes, B) and Clostridium sp. (Firmicutes, F) at various dosages. Bioaugmentation resulted in enhanced methane conversion of waste-activated sludge. The highest methane yield of 298.1 mL CH4/g-COD, 85.2% COD conversion efficiency was obtained when Bacteroidetes uniformis and Clostridium sp. were augmented at 100 and 900 CFU/mL, respectively. The microbial community analysis demonstrated that bioaugmentation increased the proportion of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Furthermore, at the highest methane yield, the principal methanogenic pathway was altered from acetoclastic to a mixture of hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic; the major species shifted from Methanosaeta concilii to Methanobacterium subterraneum. Predicted gene analysis revealed that increased expression of hydrolases resulted in enhanced methane conversion through bioaugmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roent Dune A Cayetano
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsu Park
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Beom Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyeong Jung
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Pavarina GC, Lemos EGDM, Lima NSM, Pizauro JM. Characterization of a new bifunctional endo-1,4-β-xylanase/esterase found in the rumen metagenome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10440. [PMID: 34001974 PMCID: PMC8128909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metagenomic data mining of the Nellore cattle rumen microbiota identified a new bifunctional enzyme, endo-1,4-β-xylanase/esterase, which was subsequently overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). This enzyme was stable at pH intervals of 5 to 6.5 and temperatures between 30 and 45 °C, and under the test conditions, it had a Vmax of 30.959 ± 2.334 µmol/min/mg, Km of 3.6 ± 0.6 mM and kcat of 2.323 ± 175 s-1. Additionally, the results showed that the enzyme is tolerant to NaCl and organic solvents and therefore is suitable for industrial environments. Xylanases are widely applicable, and the synergistic activity of endo-1,4-β-xylanase/esterase in a single molecule will improve the degradation efficiency of heteroxylans via the creation of xylanase binding sites. Therefore, this new molecule has the potential for use in lignocellulosic biomass processing and as an animal feed food additive and could improve xylooligosaccharide production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cavazzini Pavarina
- Technology Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciencess, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane S/N, km 5, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos
- Technology Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciencess, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane S/N, km 5, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bioenergy Research Institute (IPBEN), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Sarmanho Monteiro Lima
- Technology Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciencess, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane S/N, km 5, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Agricultural and Livestock Microbiology, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Martins Pizauro
- Technology Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciencess, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane S/N, km 5, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Fujii Y, Kobayashi M, Miyabe Y, Kishimura H, Hatanaka T, Kumagai Y. Preparation of β(1→3)/β(1→4) xylooligosaccharides from red alga dulse by two xylanases from Streptomyces thermogriseus. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:38. [PMID: 38650209 PMCID: PMC10991458 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Red alga dulse contains xylan with β(1→3)/β(1→4) linkages. We previously prepared xylooligosaccharides (XOSs) from dulse xylan; however, the product contained many D-xylose residues and fewer XOSs with β(1→3) linkages. To improve the efficiency of XOS production, we prepared two recombinant endoxylanases from Streptomyces thermogriseus (StXyl10 and StXyl11). Comparing the kcat/Km values for dulse xylan, this value from StXyl10 was approximately two times higher than that from StXyl11. We then determined the suitable conditions for XOS production. As a result, dulse XOS was prepared by the successive hydrolysis of 10 mg/mL dulse xylan by 0.5 μg/mL StXyl10 for 4 h at 50 °C and then 2.0 μg/mL StXyl11 for 36 h at 60 °C. Xylan was converted into 95.8% XOS, including 59.7% XOS with a β(1→3) linkage and 0.97% D-xylose. Our study provides useful information for the production of XOSs with β(1→3) linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Chair of Marine Chemical Resource Development, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Manami Kobayashi
- Chair of Marine Chemical Resource Development, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Miyabe
- Chair of Marine Chemical Resource Development, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan
- Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Food Research Institute, 221-10 Yamaguchi, Nogi, Aomori, Aomori-ken, 030-0142, Japan
| | - Hideki Kishimura
- Laboratory of Marine Chemical Resource Development, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hatanaka
- Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Research Institute for Biological Sciences (RIBS), 7549-1 Kibichuo-cho, Kaga-gun, Okayama, 716-1241, Japan
| | - Yuya Kumagai
- Laboratory of Marine Chemical Resource Development, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan.
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21
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Zhang S, Zhao S, Shang W, Yan Z, Wu X, Li Y, Chen G, Liu X, Wang L. Synergistic mechanism of GH11 xylanases with different action modes from Aspergillus niger An76. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:118. [PMID: 33971954 PMCID: PMC8112042 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01967-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xylan is the most abundant hemicellulose polysaccharide in nature, which can be converted into high value-added products. However, its recalcitrance to breakdown requires the synergistic action of multiple enzymes. Aspergillus niger, possessing numerous xylan degrading isozyme-encoding genes, are highly effective xylan degraders in xylan-rich habitats. Therefore, it is necessary to explore gene transcription, the mode of action and cooperation mechanism of different xylanase isozymes to further understand the efficient xylan-degradation by A. niger. RESULTS Aspergillus niger An76 encoded a comprehensive set of xylan-degrading enzymes, including five endo-xylanases (one GH10 and four GH11). Quantitative transcriptional analysis showed that three xylanase genes (xynA, xynB and xynC) were up-regulated by xylan substrates, and the order and amount of enzyme secretion differed. Specifically, GH11 xylanases XynA and XynB were initially secreted successively, followed by GH10 xylanase XynC. Biochemical analyses displayed that three GH11 xylanases (XynA, XynB and XynD) showed differences in catalytic performance and product profiles, possibly because of intricate hydrogen bonding between substrates and functional residues in the active site architectures impacted their binding capacity. Among these, XynB had the best performance in the degradation of xylan and XynE had no catalytic activity. Furthermore, XynA and XynB showed synergistic effects during xylan degradation. CONCLUSIONS The sequential secretion and different action modes of GH11 xylanases were essential for the efficient xylan degradation by A. niger An76. The elucidation of the degradation mechanisms of these xylanase isozymes further improved our understanding of GH-encoding genes amplification in filamentous fungi and may guide the design of the optimal enzyme cocktails in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Sha Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Weihao Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Zijuan Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Xiuyun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353 Shandong China
| | - Yingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Guanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353 Shandong China
| | - Lushan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China
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22
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Otero DM, Cavalcante Braga AR, Kalil SJ. Diversification of nitrogen sources as a tool to improve endo-xylanase enzyme activity produced by Cryptococcus laurentii. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Hero JS, Pisa JH, Raimondo EE, Martínez MA. Proteomic analysis of secretomes from Bacillus sp. AR03: characterization of enzymatic cocktails active on complex carbohydrates for xylooligosaccharides production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 51:871-880. [PMID: 33439095 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1870136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus sp. AR03 have been described as an important producer of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) when growing in a peptone-based medium supplemented with simple sugars and/or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as carbon sources. This work aimed to identify the extracellular enzymatic cocktails through shotgun proteomics. The proteomic analysis showed that enzymes involved in cellulose and xylan degradation were among the most abundant proteins. These enzymes included an endo-glucanase GH5_2 and a glucuronoxylanase GH30_8, which were found in all conditions. In addition, several proteins were differentially expressed in the three evaluated culture media, indicating microbial metabolic changes due to the different supplied carbon sources, particularly, in the presence of CMC. Finally, the capability of the crude enzymatic cocktails from culture media to degrade birchwood xylan was assessed, which produced mostly xylooligosaccharides containing among 3-5 xylose units. Consequently, this work shows the potential of the extracellular enzymes from Bacillus sp. AR03 for producing emergent prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan S Hero
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - José H Pisa
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Enzo E Raimondo
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M Alejandra Martínez
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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24
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Andriani A, Maharani A, Yanto DHY, Pratiwi H, Astuti D, Nuryana I, Agustriana E, Anita SH, Juanssilfero A, Perwitasari U, Pantouw CF, Nurhasanah AN, Windiastri VE, Nugroho S, Widyajayantie D, Sutiawan J, Sulistyowati Y, Rahmani N, Ningrum RA, Yopi. Sequential production of ligninolytic, xylanolytic, and cellulolytic enzymes by Trametes hirsuta AA-017 under different biomass of Indonesian sorghum accessions-induced cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Brenelli LB, Figueiredo FL, Damasio A, Franco TT, Rabelo SC. An integrated approach to obtain xylo-oligosaccharides from sugarcane straw: From lab to pilot scale. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123637. [PMID: 32535521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane straw (SS) is a widely available agricultural processing feedstock with the potential to produce 2nd generation bioethanol and bioproducts, in addition to the more conventional use for heat and/or electrical power generation. In this study, we investigated the operational parameters to maximize the production of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) using mild deacetylation, followed by hydrothermal pretreatment. From the laboratory to the pilot-scale, the optimized two-stage pretreatment promoted 81.5% and 70.5% hemicellulose solubilization and led to XOS yields up to 9.8% and 9.1% (w/w of initial straw), respectively. Moreover, different fungal xylanases were also tested to hydrolyze XOS into xylobiose (X2) and xylotriose (X3). GH10 from Aspergillus nidulans performed better than GH11 xylanases and the ratio of the desired products (X2 + X3) increased to 72% due to minimal monomeric sugar formation. Furthermore, a cellulose-rich fraction was obtained, which can be used in other high value-added applications, such as for the production of cello-oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia B Brenelli
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Center of Energy Planning, University of Campinas, Cora Coralina, 330, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L Figueiredo
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - André Damasio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Telma T Franco
- Interdisciplinary Center of Energy Planning, University of Campinas, Cora Coralina, 330, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarita C Rabelo
- Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, 3780 Altos do Paraíso, São Paulo, Brazil.
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26
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Si D, Shang T, Liu X, Zheng Z, Hu Q, Hu C, Zhang R. Production and characterization of functional wheat bran hydrolysate rich in reducing sugars, xylooligosaccharides and phenolic acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e00511. [PMID: 32775234 PMCID: PMC7397401 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to enhance production of functional hydrolysate from wheat bran (WB). WB was hydrolyzed with 3000 U/mL ɑ-amylase and 1200 U/mL alkaline protease to prepare WB insoluble dietary fibre (WBIDF). Functional hydrolysate production from the extract containing crude xylan of WBIDF by xylanase was optimized by Taguchi method. The optimal condition for xylan degradation and functional substances production was 78.50 U/mL xylanase, pH 10.0, 50 °C, and reaction time 6 h. The maximum yield of reducing sugars was 614.0 μg/mL, xylobiose increased from 12.9 μg/mL to 213.3 μg/mL, xylotriose increased from 34.9 μg/mL to 174.0 μg/mL, ferulic acid 13.1 μg/mL made up 57.5 % of the total identifiable phenolic pool in the hydrolysate. The total antioxidant activity of hydrolysate was 141.8 mg ascorbic acid equivalents g-1 crude xylan, and the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity reached 92.7 %. The hydrolysate exhibited great potential in agricultural and food industry application.
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Key Words
- AAE, ascorbic acid equivalents
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- Antioxidant capacity
- DAD, diode array detector
- DNS, dinitrosalicylic acid
- DP, degree of polymerization
- DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
- Hydrolysis optimization
- Phenolic acids
- Reducing sugars
- WB, wheat bran
- WBIDF, wheat bran insoluble dietary fibre
- Wheat bran
- X2, xylobiose
- X3, xylotriose
- X4, xylotetraose
- X5, xylopentose
- X6, xylohexose
- XOS, xylooligosaccharides
- Xylooligosaccharides
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Shang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Liu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Zheng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyong Hu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Hu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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27
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High Enzymatic Recovery and Purification of Xylooligosaccharides from Empty Fruit Bunch via Nanofiltration. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8050619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are attracting an ever-increasing amount of interest for use as food prebiotics. In this study, we used efficient membrane separation technology to convert lignocellulosic materials into a renewable source of XOS. This study revealed a dual function of nanofiltration membranes by first achieving a high yield of xylobiose (a main component of XOS) from alkali-pretreated empty fruit bunch (EFB) hydrolysate, and then by achieving a high degree of separation for xylose as a monosaccharide product. Alkali pretreatment could increase the xylan content retention of raw EFB from 23.4% to 26.9%, which eventually contributed to higher yields of both xylobiose and xylose. Nanofiltration increased the total amount of XYN10Ks_480 endoxylanase produced from recombinant Streptomyces lividans 1326 without altering its specific activity. Concentrated XYN10Ks_480 endoxylanase was applied to the recovery of both xylobiose and xylose from alkali-pretreated EFB hydrolysate. Xylobiose and xylose yields reached 41.1% and 17.3%, respectively, and when unconcentrated XYN10Ks_480 endoxylanase was applied, those yields reached 35.1% and 8.3%, respectively. The last step in nanofiltration was to separate xylobiose over xylose, and 41.3 g.L−1 xylobiose (90.1% purity over xylose) was achieved. This nanofiltration method should shorten the processes used to obtain XOS as a high-value end product from lignocellulosic biomass.
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28
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Zhu D, Liu X, Xie X, Yang S, Lin H, Chen H. Characteristics of a
XIP
‐resistant xylanase from
Neocallimastix
sp.
GMLF
1 and its advantage in barley malt saccharification. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhu
- College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xia Xie
- College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Sen Yang
- College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Hui Lin
- College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Hongge Chen
- College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 China
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29
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Bhardwaj N, Kumar B, Verma P. A detailed overview of xylanases: an emerging biomolecule for current and future prospective. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Xylan is the second most abundant naturally occurring renewable polysaccharide available on earth. It is a complex heteropolysaccharide consisting of different monosaccharides such as l-arabinose, d-galactose, d-mannoses and organic acids such as acetic acid, ferulic acid, glucuronic acid interwoven together with help of glycosidic and ester bonds. The breakdown of xylan is restricted due to its heterogeneous nature and it can be overcome by xylanases which are capable of cleaving the heterogeneous β-1,4-glycoside linkage. Xylanases are abundantly present in nature (e.g., molluscs, insects and microorganisms) and several microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae are used extensively for its production. Microbial xylanases show varying substrate specificities and biochemical properties which makes it suitable for various applications in industrial and biotechnological sectors. The suitability of xylanases for its application in food and feed, paper and pulp, textile, pharmaceuticals, and lignocellulosic biorefinery has led to an increase in demand of xylanases globally. The present review gives an insight of using microbial xylanases as an “Emerging Green Tool” along with its current status and future prospective.
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30
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Liu Y, Huang L, Zheng D, Xu Z, Li Y, Shao S, Zhang Y, Ge X, Lu F. Biochemical characterization of a novel GH43 family β-xylosidase from Bacillus pumilus. Food Chem 2019; 295:653-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Botto E, Gioia L, Menéndez MDP, Rodríguez P. Pseudozyma sp. isolation from Eucalyptus leaves and its hydrolytic activity over xylan. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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