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Wang C, Qi WK, Zhang SJ, Liu LF, Peng YZ. Innovation for continuous aerobic granular sludge process in actual municipal sewage treatment: Self-circulating up-flow fluidized bed process. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121862. [PMID: 38908310 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) capable of nitrogen and phosphorus removal is mainly limited to the applications in sequencing batch reactors. This study introduced an innovative continuous self-circulating up-flow fluidized bed process (Zier process) using separate aeration. The process was composed of an anoxic column (Zier-A), aeration column (Zier-OO) and aerobic column (Zier-O), and was used to treat actual municipal sewage continuously for 170 days. The process achieved self-circulation of 20-32 times and an up-flow velocity within the reactor of 7-16 m/h which were accurately controlled with only separate aeration. The larger proportion of self-circulating multiple times contributed to particle formation and stability, providing hydraulic shear conditions, and screened the precipitation performance of the granular sludge (GS). Meanwhile, the dissolved oxygen (DO) of Zier-O was controlled at 0.1-0.3 mg/L, and the DO of Zier-A input water was zero. The accurate oxygen supply enhanced simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) as well as short-cut nitrification and denitrification in Zier-O and improved the COD utilization rate and the nitrogen removal rate in Zier-A. The COD treatment capacity reached 2.46 kg-COD/(m³·d). With a hydraulic retention time of 10 h, the process consistently ensured that the average concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the effluent were maintained below 5 and 15 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the process maintained the shape and stability of GS, the median diameter of GS ranged between 300-1210 μm, the percentage of mass with particle size distribution < 200 μm at a height of 150 cm within Zier-A and Zier-O accounted for as low as 0.04%-0.05%, and showed good settling performance. The suspended solids in effluent can be maintained at 50-80 mg/L. Overall, the unique structural setting and control method of the Zier process provide another approach for the application of continuous AGS treatment for municipal sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wei-Kang Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shu-Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Li-Fang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yong-Zhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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2
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Han J, Jia J, Hu X, Sun L, Ulbricht M, Lv L, Ren Z. Effect of magnetic field coupled magnetic biochar on membrane bioreactor efficiency, membrane fouling mitigation and microbial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172549. [PMID: 38643881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The excitation by magnetic field was established to mitigate the membrane fouling of magnetic biochar (MB)-supplemented membrane bioreactor (MBR) in this study. The results showed that the transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase rates decreased by about 8 % after introducing the magnetic field compared with the magnetic biochar-MBR (MB-MBR). Membrane characterization suggested that the flocs in the magnetic field-magnetic biochar-MBR (MF-MB-MBR) formed a highly permeable developed cake layer, and a fluffier and more porous deposited layer on membrane surface, which minimized fouling clogging of the membrane pores. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that the decrease in contact angle of fouled membrane surface in MF-MB-MBR, i.e. an enhanced membrane hydrophilicity, is considered important for forming highly permeable layers. Additionally, the magnetic field was demonstrated to have a positive effect on the improvement of the magneto-biological effect, the enhancement of charge neutralization and adsorption bridging between sludge and magnetic biochar, and the reduction of formation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), which all yielded sludge flocs with a large pore structure conducive to form a fluffy and porous deposited layer in the membrane surface. Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the magnetic field also led to a reduction in microbial diversity, and that it promoted the enrichment of specific functional microbial communities (e.g. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes) playing an important role in mitigating membrane fouling. Taken together, this study of magnetic field-enhanced magnetic biochar for MBR membrane fouling mitigation provides insights important new ideas for more effective and sustainable operation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Han
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Jianna Jia
- Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, M.O.T., China
| | - Xiangjia Hu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China; Wuqing District Environmental Protection Bureau, Tianjin, 301700, China
| | - Li Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Mathias Ulbricht
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II and Center for Envirommental Research (ZWU), Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Longyi Lv
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Zhijun Ren
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
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3
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Yu Y, Chen G, Yu D, Qiu Y, Li S, Guo E. Novel nitrogen removal process in marine aquaculture wastewater treatment using Enteromorpha ferment liquid as carbon. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 377:128913. [PMID: 36934904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The process performance of partial denitrification of a novel anaerobic fermentation integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS-AFPD) of Enteromorpha was studied. The response surface method was used to determine the optimal reaction conditions, and the operation experiment was carried out under the optimal conditions. The results showed that the nitrogen removal effect was the best when the salinity was 12.2 g•L-1, the Carbon-Nitrogen ratio (C/N) was 4, the pH was 8.5, and the Nitrite Accumulation Rate, Nitrate Removal Rate, Chemical Oxygen Demand Utilization Rate could reach 77%, 89% and 51%. Experimental results have shown that the NAR of the Enteromorpha ferment liquid system could be maintained at about 74%, which was noteworthy higher than that of the sodium acetate (CH3COONa) system at 42%; Microbial community analysis showed that Enteromorpha ferment liquid was more beneficial to the growth of Bacteroidetes than CH3COONa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Deshuang Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yanling Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Songjie Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Enhui Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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4
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Jiang LM, Zhang Z, Li Y, Xu J, Wang K, Ding X, He J, Qiu Z, Zhou H, Zhou Z. Under-loaded operation of an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic system in dry and wet weather dynamics to prevent overflow pollution: Impacts on process performance and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128837. [PMID: 36898557 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Effects of low hydraulic loading rate (HLR) in dry weather and high HLR in wet weather on pollutant removal, microbial community, and sludge properties of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were extensively studied to explore the risk of under-loaded operation for overflow pollution control. Long-term low HLR operation had an insignificant effect on the pollutant removal performance of the full-scale WWTP, and the system could withstand high-load shocks in wet weather. Low HLR resulted in higher oxygen and nitrate uptake rate due to the storage mechanism under the alternating feast/famine condition, and lower nitrifying rate. Low HLR operation enlarged particle size, deteriorated floc aggregation and sludge settleability, and reduced sludge viscosity due to the overgrowth of filamentous bacteria and inhibition of floc-forming bacteria. The remarkable increase in Thuricola and the contract morphology of Vorticella in microfauna observation confirmed the risk of flocs disintegration in low HLR operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Man Jiang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy - Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhenjian Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy - Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- Shanghai Chengtou Water (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200002, China
| | - Jialei Xu
- Shanghai Chengtou Water (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200002, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy - Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xinya Ding
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy - Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Junli He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy - Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhan Qiu
- Shanghai Chengtou Water (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200002, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shanghai Chengtou Water (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200002, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy - Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China.
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5
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Kang P, Liang Z, Zhang Q, Zheng P, Yu G, Cui L, Liang Y. The optimum particle size of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge under different substrate concentrations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:116992. [PMID: 36502703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen removal performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge (AnGS) varies widely among particle sizes. In this paper, the nitrogen removal performance, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion level and microbial community of AnGS with different particle sizes were investigated to select the optimal particle size for different substrate concentrations. The results showed that the optimal particle size migrated from 0.6-1.6 mm to 1.6-2.5 mm and then to 2.5-3.2 mm as the substrate concentration increased. When the influent concentration of NH4+-N was 110 mg/L, granular sludge with particle size of 1.6-2.5 mm showed excellent nitrogen removal performance with the highest EPS secretion, while the highest EPS secretion gradually migrated to smaller particles as the substrate concentration decreased. The nitrogen removal performance of AnGS with different particle sizes depends on different proportions of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria (Candidates_Jettenia, Candidates_Kuenenia, Candidatus_Brocadia), heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacteria (Acinetobacter) and denitrifying bacteria (Denitratisoma). The optimum particle size range for AnGS has been clarified for different influent nitrogen concentrations, which can provide some new understanding for the application of anammox reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zile Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Peihan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guangwei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lihua Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuhai Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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6
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Ya T, Liu J, Zhang M, Wang Y, Huang Y, Hai R, Zhang T, Wang X. Metagenomic insights into the symbiotic relationship in anammox consortia at reduced temperature. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119184. [PMID: 36206682 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anammox as a promising biological nitrogen removal technology has attracted much attention. However, cold temperature would limit its wide application and little is known about the microbial interactions between anammox bacteria (AnAOB) and heterotrophic bacteria at cold temperature. Here, we observed reduced temperature (25-15 °C) promoted the secretion of EPS and thus stimulated bigger size of granular sludge in a laboratory-scale anammox reactor. We further combined co-occurrence network analysis and genome-centered metagenomics to explore the potential interactions between AnAOB and heterotrophic bacteria. Network analysis suggested 22 out of 25 positively related species were reported as definite heterotrophic bacteria in subnetwork of AnAOB. Genome-centered metagenomics analysis yielded 23 metagenomic assembly genomes (MAGs), and we found that Acidobacteriota-affiliated bacteria could biosynthesize most polysaccharides (PS) precursors and contain the most glycosyltransferases and transporters to facilitate exopolysaccharides biosynthesis, together with partial PS precursors produced by AnAOB. AMX1 as the only anammox genome could synthesize most amino acids and cross feed with some heterotrophs to affect the extracellular protein function. Additionally, Bacteroidota, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexota, and Proteobacteria could contribute folate and molybdopterin cofactor for AMX1 to benefit their activity and growth. Superphylum Patescibacteria could survive by cross-feeding with AnAOB and heterotrophic organisms about organic compounds (Glyceraldehyde-3P and lactate). These cross-feedings maintained the stability of anammox reactor performance and emphasize the importance of heterotrophs in anammox system at reduced temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ya
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junyu Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Minglu Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Reti Hai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Material for Water Purification, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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7
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Yan L, Zheng Y, Chen W, Liu S, Yin M, Jiang J, Yang M. Step feed mode synergistic mixed carbon source to improve sequencing batch reactor simultaneous nitrification and denitrification efficiency of domestic wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 358:127440. [PMID: 35680088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The limited efficiency of nitrogen removal has traditionally hindered wide application of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) technology. Here, the nitrogen removal characteristics of a sequencing batch reactor were studied by adopting a strategy of a step-feeding mode, synergistic regional oxygen limitation, and a mixed carbon source. The changes of the microbial population succession and nitrogen metabolism functional genes were analyzed. This strategy provided a favorable level of dissolved oxygen and continuous carbon sources for driving the denitrification process. The total nitrogen removal efficiency and SND rate reached 92.60% and 96.49%, respectively, by regulating the ratio of sodium acetate to starch in the step feed to 5:1. This procedure increased the relative abundance of denitrifying functional genes and induced the growth of a variety of traditional denitrifying bacteria and aerobic denitrifying bacteria participating in the process of nitrogen removal. Overall, this work offers a new strategy for achieving efficient SND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Yan
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China.
| | - Yaoqi Zheng
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China
| | - Wanting Chen
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China
| | - Mingyue Yin
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China
| | - Jishuang Jiang
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China
| | - Mengya Yang
- College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 China
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8
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Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A, de Jonge N, Poulsen JS, Nielsen JL. Unravelling gradient layers of microbial communities, proteins, and chemical structure in aerobic granules. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154253. [PMID: 35276168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most bacteria live in microbial assemblages like biofilms and granules, and each layer of these assemblages provides a niche for certain bacteria with specific metabolic functions. In this study, a gentle (non-destructive) extraction approach based on a cation exchange resin and defined shear was employed to gradually disintegrate biomass and collect single layers of aerobic granules from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant. The microbial community composition of granule layers was characterized using next-generation sequencing (NGS) targeting the 16S rRNA gene, and protein composition was investigated using metaproteomics. The chemical composition of eroded layers was explored using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy. On the surface of the granules, the microbial structure (flocculation-supporting Nannocystis sp.) as well as composition of extracellular polymers (extracellular DNA) and proteome (chaperonins and binding proteins) favored microbial aggregation. Extracellular polymeric substances in the granules were composed of mostly proteins and EPS-producers, such as Tetrasphaera sp. and Zoogloea sp., were evenly distributed throughout the granule structure. The interior of the granules harbored several denitrifiers (e.g., Thauera sp.), phosphate-accumulating denitrifiers (Candidatus Accumulibacter, Dechloromonas sp.) and nitrifiers (Candidatus Nitrotoga). Proteins associated with glycolytic activity were identified in the outer and middle granule layers, and proteins associated with phosphorus conversions, in the deeper layers. In conclusion, the use of an existing cation-exchange resin for gradual biomass disintegration, combined with NGS and metaproteomic analysis was demonstrated as a promising approach for simultaneously investigating the identity and functions of microbes in multilayered biofilm structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jan Struckmann Poulsen
- Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
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9
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Wang H, Guo L, Ren X, Gao M, Jin C, Zhao Y, Ji J, She Z. Enhanced aerobic granular sludge by static magnetic field to treat saline wastewater via simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification (SPND) process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126891. [PMID: 35217165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Saline wastewater poses a threat to biological nitrogen removal. This study investigated whether and how static magnetic field (SMF) can improve the salt-tolerance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in two simultaneous partial nitrification and denitrification (SPND) reactors. Results confirmed that the SMF improved the mean size and settleability of granules, stimulated secretion of extracellular polymeric substances with high protein content, in turn enhancing the aerobic granulation. Although high salt stress inhibited functional microorganisms, the SMF maintained better SPND performance with average COD removal, TN removal and nitrite accumulation ratio finally recovering to 100%, 72.9% and 91.1% respectively. High throughput sequencing revealed that functional bacteria evolved from Paracoccus to halotolerant genera Xanthomarina, Thauera, Pseudofulvimonas and Azoarcus with stepwise increasing salinity. The enhanced salt-tolerance may be because the SMF promoted the activity of these halotolerant bacteria. Therefore, this study proposes an economic, effective and environmental biotechnology for saline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hutao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Junyuan Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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10
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Effect of biofilm media application on biomass characteristics and membrane permeability in the biological spatiotemporal phase-separation process. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Liu YQ, Cinquepalmi S. Exploration of mechanisms for calcium phosphate precipitation and accumulation in nitrifying granules by investigating the size effects of granules. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117753. [PMID: 34688097 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate could be accumulated in aerobic granules, which attracts attention recently for phosphorus removal and recovery from wastewater. In this study, partial nitrifying granules with high calcium precipitate content were sorted into different size groups for characterization and evaluation to reveal the dynamic balance of granules at stead state and relevant calcium phosphate precipitation and accumulation mechanism. It was found that light yellow small granules without calcium precipitates but high microbial activity co-existed with deep brown granules with calcium precipitate of around 91% and low microbial activity. Characterization with specific oxygen uptake rates, specific ammonium oxidation rates, calcium and phosphate removal rates from solution, EPS contents, elemental compositions by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for different size groups of granules enabled a proposal of a new hypothesized mechanism for calcium precipitation and accumulation. With this proposed mechanism, it is believed that sufficient granule retention time in reactors was critical for the accumulation of calcium precipitates followed by a slow microbial growth rate of biomass due to mass transfer resistance. The co-precipitation of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate mainly occurred in granules with a size less than 710 µm while calcium phosphate dominant minerals were accumulated in granules larger than 710 µm. The results and conclusions in this study shed light on the mechanisms of calcium phosphate accumulation in granules, which could be used to better operate and control aerobic granular sludge with calcium phosphates for phosphorus removal and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Simone Cinquepalmi
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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12
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Cheng Y, Chon K, Ren X, Lee Y, Kou Y, Wu Y, Shen M, Hwang MH, Chae KJ. Contributions of enhanced endogenous microbial metabolism via inoculation with a novel microbial consortium into an anoxic side-stream reactor to in-situ sludge reduction for landfill leachate treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113088. [PMID: 34174687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In-situ sludge reduction plays a significant role in reducing excess sludge production. This study investigated the role of beneficial microorganisms (BM) in the anoxic-oxic-settling-anoxic (A-OSA) process associated with the in-situ sludge reduction efficiency under synthetic landfill leachate treatment. The rates of excess sludge reduction with the inoculation of BM increased up to 53.6% (calculated as total suspended solids) and 38.3% (calculated as total volume), respectively. Side-stream reactors, as important components of the A-OSA process, were further studied to explore change of parameters related to in-situ sludge reduction. With the inoculation of BM, the release and conversion of extracellular polymeric substances and the dehydrogenase activity (increasing rate = 60.9%) were increased. Species richness and microbial diversity, as well as the microbial community composition (e.g., hydrolytic and fermentative bacteria), were improved via bioaugmentation. Moreover, potential gene functions of microorganisms were positively regulated and the abundance of gene expressions (e.g., nirK, norB) for in-situ sludge reduction could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Kangmin Chon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehak-gil, 1, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrated Energy and Infra System, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehak-gil, 1, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Xianghao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Ying Lee
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yingying Kou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Mingyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Moon-Hyun Hwang
- Korea Headquarters of Research Plan, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Jung Chae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Major of Ocean Renewable Energy Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, South Korea
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13
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Chen W, Hu F, Li X, Yang W, Feng S, Yang D, Pang W, Lu B. Deciphering the mechanism of medium size anammox granular sludge driving better nitrogen removal performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125317. [PMID: 34087730 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an integrated investigation to the microbial activities, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), microbial community and function of anammox granular sludge (AnGS) was performed.Results showed that AnGS at 0.5-1.0 mm had the highest average specific anammox activity (SAA) of 345.9 mg NH4+-N·gVSS-1·d-1, but AnGS at 1.0-1.5 mm with higher SAA might lead to better nitrogen removal efficiency. The content of slime EPS and SAA achieved positively correlation with R2 of 98.11%, while protein/polysaccharide ratio of slime EPS and sludge volume index achieved negatively correlation with R2 of 99.13%. Cadidatus Broccadia and Denitratisoma were positive correlations and most abundant in AnGS 0.5-1.0 mm of 20% and AnGS 1.0-1.5 mm of 37%, respectively. AnGS at 0.5-1.0 mm exhibited higher energy metabolism which mostly contributed to produce protein. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms of AnGS about 1 mm playing more important role in nitrogen removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China.
| | - Fan Hu
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Xueting Li
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Wenlan Yang
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Shaoyuan Feng
- School of the Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Dianhai Yang
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Weihai Pang
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Bin Lu
- School of the Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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14
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Wang Z, Liu X, Ni SQ, Zhuang X, Lee T. Nano zero-valent iron improves anammox activity by promoting the activity of quorum sensing system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117491. [PMID: 34358911 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The addition of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been proven to improve the efficiency of the anammox process, however, the mechnism is not clear. Here, the effect of nZVI on anammox microbial community was studied by metagenomic sequencing methods. It was found that 50 mg/L nZVI indeed promoted the removal of NH4+ and NO2- of the anammox reactor and significantly improved the relative abundance of AnAOB (Ca. Brocadia) from 42.1% to 52.5%. What's more, 50 mg/L nZVI increased the abundance of c-di-GMP synthesized protein from 148 rpmr to 252 rpmr in the microbial community and decreased the abundance of c-di-GMP degradation protein from 238 rpmr to 204 rpmr, which indirectly led to the enrichment of c-di-GMP in the microbial community. The enrichment of c-di-GMP reduced the motility of microorganisms in the reactor and promoted the secretion of extracellular polymers by bacteria, which is beneficial to the formation of sludge particles in the anammox reactor. In conclusion, this research clarified the mechanism of nZVI promoting the anammox process and provided theoretical guidance for the engineering application of anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518052 China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518052 China.
| | - Xuming Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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15
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Leal CS, Lopes M, Val Del Río A, Quintelas C, Castro PML, Ferreira EC, Amaral AL, Mesquita DP. Assessment of an aerobic granular sludge system in the presence of pharmaceutically active compounds by quantitative image analysis and chemometric techniques. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 289:112474. [PMID: 33831759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was operated with synthetic wastewater containing environmental relevant concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Despite the presence of the studied PhAC, the granular fraction clearly predominated (TSSgran/TSS ranging from 0.82 to 0.98) throughout the monitoring period, presenting aggregates with high organic fraction (VSS/TSS above 0.83) and good settling characteristics (SVI5 ranging from 15 to 39 mL/gTSS). A principal component analysis (PCA) with quantitative image analysis (QIA) based data allowed to distinguish the different operational periods, namely with mature granules (CONT), and the E2, EE2, and SMX feeding periods. It further revealed a positive relationship between the biomass density, sludge settling ability, overall and granular biomass contents, granulation properties, granular biomass fraction and large granules fraction and size. Moreover, a discriminant analysis (DA) allowed to successfully discriminate not only the different operational periods, mainly by using the floccular apparent density, granular stratification and contents data, but also the PhAC presence in samples. The filamentous bacteria contents, sludge settling properties, settling properties stability and granular stratification, structure and contents parameters were found to be crucial for that purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano S Leal
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mariana Lopes
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Angeles Val Del Río
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15705, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Quintelas
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eugénio C Ferreira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - A Luís Amaral
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ISEC, DEQB, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação Aplicada, Laboratório SiSus, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela P Mesquita
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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16
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Li Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Jia L. Effect of organic loading on phosphorus forms transformation and microbial community in continuous-flow A 2/O process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:2640-2651. [PMID: 34115619 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A continuous-flow Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic (A2/O) system was operated at different organic concentrations to systematically investigate the effect on the nutrient removal, secretion characteristics of extracellular polymer, phosphorus forms transformation and changes in functional flora in this system. The results showed that high organic loading was more conducive to promote the secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), the increase of polysaccharide content was more obvious compared with protein, the impact of organic loading on the components of loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) was higher than that of tight-bound EPS (TB-EPS). Phosphorus in sludge floc mainly existed in the form of inorganic phosphorus (IP), and IP mainly existed in the form of apatite inorganic phosphorus (AP). High organic load showed higher phosphorus storage in EPS, and the phosphorus content in EPS was positively correlated with the content of EPS. Non-apatite phosphorus (NAIP) content played an important role in the extracellular dephosphorization. The abundance of Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira responsible for nitrification decreased with the increase in organic loading. The group of denitrifiers was large, and Azospira was the most abundant genus among them. Dechloromonas, Acinetobacter, Povalibacter, Chryseolinea and Pirellula were the functional genera closely associated with phosphorus removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, TCU, Tianjin 300384, China E-mail: ; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yaping Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, TCU, Tianjin 300384, China E-mail:
| | - Shaopo Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, TCU, Tianjin 300384, China E-mail: ; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Liyuan Jia
- Tianjin IKWEN Water Treatment Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300000, China
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17
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Onsite source separation and synergistic treatment of household food waste into wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Li D, Wei Z, Li S, Lao H, Wang W, Zeng H, Zhang J. Performance and operational strategy of simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal system under the condition of low organic loading rate in wet weather. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:129464. [PMID: 33388499 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale aerobic granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with domestic wastewater was operated to evaluate the effects of the low organic loading rate (OLR) due to wet weather flow conditions on simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal (SNDPR). As the OLR decreased from 0.85 to 0.43 kg COD m-3 d-1, the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies decreased from 84.0% and 94.1% to 51.3% and 73.8%, respectively, the sludge volume index (SVI) increased from 42.3 to 85.5 mL g-1, and the average granular size decreased from 1022 to 742 μm; however, no sludge disintegration and biomass loss were observed. The poor nutrient removal efficiencies and settling ability were due to the shrinking anoxic zone and substrate scarcity inside the granules, wherein the activity decay of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and overgrowth of filamentous bacteria played an important role. Alternating the aeration intensity was effective in enhancing nitrogen removal and sludge settling by improving the anoxic activity in granules and inhibiting the proliferation of filamentous bacteria. Returning 20% of sludge from the end of one anaerobic stage to the beginning of the next anaerobic stage (midway sludge return) was beneficial for phosphorus removal as it improved phosphorus storage by phosphorus-accumulating bacteria. A smaller granular size with stronger stability and better nutrient removal performance was the new steady state of the SNDPR system under wet-weather flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China.
| | - Ziqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Huimei Lao
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100123, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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19
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Groundwater Nitrate Removal Performance of Selected Pseudomonas Strains Carrying nosZ Gene in Aerobic Granular Sequential Batch Reactors. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Four granular sequencing batch reactors (GSBRs) were inoculated with four denitrifying Pseudomonas strains carrying nosZ to study the process of granule formation, the operational conditions of the bioreactors, and the carbon concentration needed for nitrate removal. The selected Pseudomonas strains were P. stutzeri I1, P. fluorescens 376, P. denitrificans Z1, and P. fluorescens PSC26, previously reported as denitrifying microorganisms carrying the nosZ gene. Pseudomonas denitrificans Z1 produced fluffy, low-density granules, with a decantation speed below 10 m h−1. However, P. fluorescens PSC26, P. stutzeri I1, and P. fluorescens 376 formed stable granules, with mean size from 7 to 15 mm, related to the strain and carbon concentration. P. stutzeri I1 and P. fluorescens 376 removed nitrate efficiently with a ratio in the range of 96%, depending on the source and concentration of organic matter. Therefore, the findings suggest that the inoculation of GSBR systems with denitrifying strains of Pseudomonas spp. containing the nosZ gene enables the formation of stable granules, the efficient removal of nitrate, and the transformation of nitrate into nitrogen gas, a result of considerable environmental interest to avoid the generation of nitrous oxide.
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20
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Feng C, Lotti T, Canziani R, Lin Y, Tagliabue C, Malpei F. Extracellular biopolymers recovered as raw biomaterials from waste granular sludge and potential applications: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:142051. [PMID: 33207449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Granular sludge (GS) is a special self-aggregation biofilm. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are mainly associated with the architectural structure, rheological behaviour and functional stability of fine granules, given that their significance to the physicochemical features of the biomass catalysing the biological purification process. This review targets the EPS excretion from GS and introduces newly identified EPS components, EPS distribution in different granules, how to effectively extract and recover EPS from granules, key parameters affecting EPS production, and the potential applications of EPS-based biomaterials. GS-based EPS components are highly diverse and a series of new contents are highlighted. Due to high diversity, emerging extraction standards are proposed and recovery process is capturing particular attention. The major components of EPS are found to be polysaccharides and proteins, which manifest a larger diversity of relative abundance, structures, physical and chemical characteristics, leading to the possibility to sustainably recover raw materials. EPS-based biomaterials not only act as alternatives to synthetic polymers in several applications but also figure in innovative industrial/environmental applications, including gel-forming materials for paper industry, biosorbents, cement curing materials, and flame retardant materials. In the upcoming years, it is foreseen that productions of EPS-based biomaterials from renewable origins would make a significant contribution to the advancement of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuijie Feng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Lotti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Florence, Via di Santa Marta 3, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Canziani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Camilla Tagliabue
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Malpei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
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21
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Zheng Z, Li J, Chen G, Peng Y. Exploring the optimized strategy in the nitritation-anammox biofilm process for treating low ammonium wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124113. [PMID: 32957050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The main challenge for achieving the simultaneous nitritation, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process is to optimize the concentrations of nitrite and dissolved oxygen (DO). This study explored the performance of SNAD biofilm reactor under three operational strategies. At Stage 1, 2 and 3, the average concentrations of DO were 0.7, 2.7 and 5.2 mg/L, respectively. The peak concentrations of NO2--N in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) cycle were 5.3, 6.0 and 2.7 mg/L, respectively. The average removal rates of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) were 0.30, 0.42 and 0.22 kg N/m3/d, respectively. Protein (PN) was the dominant extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content on the SNAD biofilm. The PN concentration remained stable while the polysaccharide (PS) concentration changed rapidly under different operational strategies. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that high DO and long aeration period condition could lead to a slight decrease in the abundances of denitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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22
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Alvarado A, West S, Abbt-Braun G, Horn H. Hydrolysis of particulate organic matter from municipal wastewater under aerobic treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128329. [PMID: 33297259 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of particulate organic matter is known to be a limiting step in biological wastewater treatment. In this work, we used an experimental set-up, which allowed the parallel observation of hydrolysis product formation on the one side and utilization on the other side. The hydrolysis products are characterized by using size exclusion chromatography with online carbon and UV (254 nm) detection. The used particles (size: 25-250 μm) originated from municipal wastewater. Here, it is shown that the concentration of high molecular weight organic matter increases over the first three days. During this time, bacteria grow and produce the required enzymes to perform the further degradation. The oxygen utilization rate (OUR) on the other side continuously develops, confirming the presence of easily biodegradable organic matter. In parallel, the amount of bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) undergoes a certain dynamics, which was visualized by using confocal laser scanning images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alondra Alvarado
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, Germany
| | - Stephanie West
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, Germany
| | - Gudrun Abbt-Braun
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, Germany
| | - Harald Horn
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, Germany.
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23
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He Z, Zhu Y, Xu X, Wei Z, Wang Y, Zhang D, Pan X. Complex effects of pH and organic shocks on arsenic oxidation and removal by manganese-oxidizing aerobic granular sludge in sequencing batch reactors. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127621. [PMID: 32688320 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological technologies are efficient and economical methods for removing toxic arsenic (As) from organic wastewaters. In this study, four sequencing batch reactors of manganese-oxidizing aerobic granular sludge (Mn-AGS) were operated in duplicate and imposed with acidic pH and high organic shocks. Batch experiments with different initial conditions were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and organic load on As(III) oxidation and removal. The results indicate that acidic pH shocks (influent pH decreased to 4.0/3.0) unexpectedly increased the As removal efficiency from 23.4-38.2% to 64.7-72.5%. The effects of high organic shocks were very complicated, as the results of the shocks were opposite twice. According to the results of the batch experiments, it was estimated that the suitable pH range for high performance was 5.0-8.5 in reaction liquid. Although acidic pH shocks initially inhibited As(III) oxidation and removal, they largely extended the reaction time of the suitable pH range and finally improved the As removal efficiency. There were many negative and positive factors affecting the As removal during the high organic shocks, leading to the unstable responses. Moreover, the microbial community was not largely changed by pH or organic shocks, and genus Hydrogenophaga (∼8%) might be responsible for the microbial As(III) oxidation. Finally, several operation strategies were proposed to obtain high performance, such as liquid pH control and aeration improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfei He
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
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Tomar SK, Chakraborty S. Impact of high phenol loading on aerobic granules from two different kinds of industrial sludge along with thiocyanate and ammonium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123824. [PMID: 32688255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two sequencing batch reactors inoculated with two different kinds of industrial sludge; refinery sludge (R1) and brewery sludge (R2), were operated to observe the impact of high phenol loading (5.71 kg COD m-3 day-1) along with 100 mg L-1 of ammonia-nitrogen and thiocyanate on the granular stability and performance. R2 granules were stable and degraded all the pollutants up to an organic loading of 5.71 kg COD m-3 day-1 with the large size and high extracellular polymeric substances of 2769.94 ± 62.26 µm and 114.83 ± 1.33 mg gVSS-1, respectively, whereas R1 granules disintegrated at an organic loading of more than 3.32 kg COD m-3 day-1. At higher phenol loading, granular biomass activity was 3.43 and 16.35 mg COD removed mgVSS-1 day-1 in R1 and R2, respectively, from the initial sludge activities of 8.01 (refinery sludge) and 6.56 (brewery sludge) mg COD removed mgVSS-1 day-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar Tomar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Saswati Chakraborty
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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25
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Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A, Zielińska M, Bernat K, Bułkowska K, Wojnowska-Baryła I. Insights into mechanisms of bisphenol A biodegradation in aerobic granular sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123806. [PMID: 32688251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater is the major source of bisphenol A (BPA) in the environment, however, the results regarding main mechanisms of BPA biodegradation in wastewater treatment systems are divergent. The effect of BPA concentration in wastewater (0, 2, 6, 12 mg BPA/L) on respirometric activity and expression of selected genes in aerobic granules was examined. A real-time protocol for analysis of direct BPA-degrader activity targeting gene coding for ferredoxin was developed. At 2 mg BPA/L, respirometric activity of granules was the highest, which favored the fastest pollutant removal, and BPA-degraders were active at the beginning of the reactor cycle and no by-products of BPA degradation were detected. At 6 and 12 mg BPA/L, the activity of BPA-degraders was much higher, peaking after feeding and again when a BPA metabolite (3-(benzyloxy)benzoic acid) appeared in the reactor. The upregulation of gene coding for ammonia monooxygenase indicated that co-metabolism occurred mostly at 12 mg BPA/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zielińska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bernat
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bułkowska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Irena Wojnowska-Baryła
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland
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26
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Effect of Aeration Mode on Microbial Structure and Efficiency of Treatment of TSS-Rich Wastewater from Meat Processing. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of aeration mode on microbial structure and efficiency of treatment of wastewater with a high concentration of suspended solids (TSS) from meat processing in sequencing batch reactors (R). R1 was constantly aerated, while in R2 intermittent aeration was applied. DNA was isolated from biomass and analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and real-time PCR. As a result, in R1 aerobic granular sludge was cultivated (SVI30 = 44 mL g−1 MLSS), while in R2 a very well-settling mixture of aerobic granules and activated sludge was obtained (SVI30 = 65 mL g−1 MLSS). Intermittent aeration significantly increased denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiencies (68% vs. 43%, 73% vs. 65%, respectively) but resulted in decomposition of extracellular polymeric substances and worse-settling properties of biomass. In both reactors, microbial structure significantly changed in time; an increase in relative abundances of Arenimonas sp., Rhodobacterace, Thauera sp., and Dokdonella sp. characterized the biomass of stable treatment of meat-processing wastewater. Constant aeration in R1 cycle favored growth of glycogen-accumulating Amaricoccus tamworthensis (10.9%) and resulted in 2.4 times and 1.4 times greater number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and full-denitrifiers genes in biomass, respectively, compared to the R2.
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Wen Q, Ji Y, Chen Z, Lee DJ. Use of sodium chloride to rapidly restore polyhydroxyalkanoates production from filamentous bulking without polyhydroxyalkanoates productivity impairment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123663. [PMID: 32562968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence of filamentous bulking would lead to excess biomass washout to fail the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production process. A strategy using sodium chloride (NaCl) addition to enhance sludge settleability so that high PHA productivity could be retained was tested in two sequencing batch reactors (SBR #1 and #2) fed with different organic acid mixtures but at identical NaCl gradients (0, 5 and 10 g/L). Significant improved sludge settleability was observed at 10 g/L NaCl regardless of occurrence of filamentous bulking. The NaCl addition strategy suppressed the growth of principal filamentous bacterium, Meganema, and enriched the PHA producers (Paracoccus and Thauera) to reach enhanced PHA productivities of 0.244-0.298 g/L-1 d-1 for the present studied system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ye Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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28
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Wang X, Yang H, Su Y, Liu X. Characteristics and mechanism of anammox granular sludge with different granule size in high load and low rising velocity sewage treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 312:123608. [PMID: 32531736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An integrated investigation to structural, activity and microbial diversity of anammox granular sludge (AnGS) in a wastewater treatment system with high ammonia nitrogen load was performed and aimed to establish the relationship between granular size and performance. With the increase in granule size, the main component of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) changed from slime EPS to tightly-bound EPS, while the organic component remained the same, and the specific anammox activity increased. However, the results of qPCR and high-throughput sequencing showed that for granules with sizes inferior than 4.75 mm, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) increased as the size increased, and the copies of AnAOB decreased when the granule size increased above 4.75 mm, and the community complexity increased. According to the correlation analysis results, AnAOB first accumulated and then optimized the flora structure to improve efficiency and 2.8 mm to 4.75 mm was the optimal size of AnGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yang Su
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - XuYan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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29
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Wang YQ, Li W, Zhuang JL, Liu YD, Shapleigh JP. Bacteriophage-mediated extracellular DNA release is important for the structural stability of aerobic granular sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138392. [PMID: 32334351 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial characteristics and the structural role of exDNA in different size AGSs. Metagenomic results showed that exDNA has a significantly lower GC content, ~46.0%, than the ~65.0% GC of intracellular DNA (inDNA). Taxonomic predictions showed most of the reads from the exDNA that could be taxonomically assigned were from members of the phyla Bacteroidetes (55.0-64.2% of the total exDNA reads). Assigned inDNA reads were mainly from Proteobacteria (50.9-57.8%) or Actinobacteria (18.0-28.0%). Reads mapping showed that exDNA read depths were similar across all predicted open reading frames from assembled genomes that were assigned as Bacteroidetes which is consistent with cell lysis as a source of exDNA. Enrichment of CRISPR-CAS proteins in exDNA reads and CRISPR spacers in Bacteroidetes associated draft genomes suggested that bacteriophage infection may be an important cause of lysis of these cells. A critical role for this exDNA was found using DNase I digestion experiments which showed that the exDNA was vital for the structural stability of relatively small sized AGS but not for the larger sized AGS. The characteristics of exDNA in AGSs revealed in this work provide a new perspective on AGS components and structural stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qiao Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Long Zhuang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-di Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
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30
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Li J, Ma Z, Gao M, Wang Y, Yang Z, Xu H, Wang XH. Enhanced aerobic granulation at low temperature by stepwise increasing of salinity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137660. [PMID: 32179296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High salinity and low temperature are generally considered to have negative effects on the formation, stability and performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). This study investigated whether and how salinity acclimation strategies can enhance aerobic granulation at low temperature (12 °C) in three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). Stepwise increased concentrations of NaCl (2-10 and 4-20 g/L) were added to the influent of R1 and R2 with steps of 1 and 2 g/L per week respectively, while R0 was set as a control (salt-free). The granulation processes in R1 and R2 were rapidly started up within 9 days, and were completed within 21 and 18 days, respectively. By contrast, R0 took 25 days and 49 days to start and complete granulation. The salinity acclimation strategies improved sludge hydrophobicity, reduced repulsion barrier between cells, and stimulated EPS production during granulation processes, which simultaneously promoted the formation of AGS. When the influent salinity reached 14 g/L on day 35, granule hydrophobicity, density and size in R2 sharply decreased and granules began to disintegrate afterwards. When operated under salt-free condition, sludge bulking occurred in R0 since day 60. The treatment performance was thus impaired in these two reactors, especially in R2 with significant biomass loss. Conversely, the AGS developed in R1 maintained stable structure with high biomass concentration (8.0 gSS/L) and excellent treatment performance for COD (90%), ammonium (95%) and total nitrogen (70%). Genera Thauera, Azoarcus, and Nitrosomonas were more enriched, while Flavobacterium and Meganema were more suppressed in R1, which would have contributed to granule stability and treatment performance. In conclusion, great care has to be taken for cultivating and operating AGS at low temperature for treating saline wastewater. Increasing salinity with a lower salt gradient provides a possibility for rapid granulation of AGS with excellent treatment performance under such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Zhipeng Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Mingming Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yunkun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Zhongjun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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31
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Mielcarek A, Rodziewicz J, Janczukowicz W, Struk-Sokołowska J. The impact of biodegradable carbon sources on nutrients removal in post-denitrification biofilm reactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137377. [PMID: 32143032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater from households wastewater treatment plants (HWWTP) is discharged to the ground or to the surface waters. Special consideration should be given to the improvement of HWWTP effectiveness, particularly in relation to nutrients. The addition of biodegradable carbon sources to biofilm reactor, can enhance microbial activity but may also lead to filling clogging. The study aimed to compare 3 different organic substrates: acetic acid (commonly applied)and two untypical - citric acid and waste beer, under the same operational conditions in a post-denitrification biofilm reactor. The study investigated the impact of a type of organic substrate, low pH and time on: (1) biofilm growth, (2) the characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), (3) the kinetics of nutrients removal and (4) reactor clogging. Results were referred to (5) the effectiveness of nutrients removal. The study demonstrated that low pH assured the development of a thinbiofilm. Citric acid ensured the lowest biomass volume, being by 53% lower than in the reactor with acetic acid and by as much as 61% lower than in the reactor with waste beer. The soluble EPS fraction prevailed in the total EPS in all reactors. The content of the tightly bound EPS fraction ranged from 26.93% (citric acid) to 36.32% (waste beer). Investigations showed also a high ratio of exoproteins to polysaccharide in all fractions, which indicated a significant role of proteins in developing a highly-proliferating biofilm. The treated wastewater met requirements of Polish regulations concerning COD and nitrogen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Mielcarek
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rodziewicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Janczukowicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Struk-Sokołowska
- Bialystok University of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Wiejska St. 45E, Bialystok 15-351, Poland.
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32
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Schambeck CM, Magnus BS, de Souza LCR, Leite WRM, Derlon N, Guimarães LB, da Costa RHR. Biopolymers recovery: dynamics and characterization of alginate-like exopolymers in an aerobic granular sludge system treating municipal wastewater without sludge inoculum. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 263:110394. [PMID: 32174534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alginate-like exopolymers (ALE) are present in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of biological sludge such as aerobic granular sludge (AGS). The recovery of ALE from excess sludge produced by wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is a relevant approach for the recovery of valuable products of industrial interest. However, little is known about dynamics of ALE content in sludge and associated factors. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the dynamics of EPS and ALE in terms of content, some chemical properties and influencing environmental factors along granulation in a sequencing batch reactor treating municipal wastewater. Results indicated that the EPS content was not correlated with the development of AGS, while the ALE content was higher, more stable and steadily increased after granulation achievement. Overall, 236 ± 27 mg VSALE/g VSsludge was recovered from AGS and 187 ± 94 mg VSALE/g VSsludge from flocs. However, the lower ALE content in flocs may be compensated by the higher sludge production rate in activated sludge systems. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that ALE content positively correlates with the nutrient and organic substrate conversion, and with the fraction of large AGS. Microbial analyses indicated that a stable microbial community composition was associated with a higher and more stable ALE content. ALE recovered from both flocs and AGS was endowed with hydrogel property, and no clear difference in their elemental composition and functional groups was observed. Therefore, our study provides insights about quantitative and qualitative aspects of ALE which are helpful for the improvement of waste biological sludge valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Moraes Schambeck
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Department, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Scandolara Magnus
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Department, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Laís Cristina Rozone de Souza
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Department, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Wanderli Rogério Moreira Leite
- Federal University of Pernambuco, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Derlon
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Lorena Bittencourt Guimarães
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Department, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rejane Helena Ribeiro da Costa
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade University Campus, Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Department, Florianópolis, Brazil
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33
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Xiong W, Wang L, Zhou N, Fan A, Wang S, Su H. High-strength anaerobic digestion wastewater treatment by aerobic granular sludge in a step-by-step strategy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 262:110245. [PMID: 32090890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the instability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) caused by high-strength anaerobic digestion wastewater, a strategy of increasing proportion of anaerobic digestion wastewater step-by-step was adopted in this study. High-performance stable AGSs were successfully cultivated with sequencing batch reactors by this strategy, which could efficiently treat high-strength anaerobic digestion wastewater with an influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) up to 5090 mg⋅L-1. After six phases of stepwise increasing COD loads, the sludge sizes increased from 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, with the final mixed liquor suspended solids increased to 13,814 mg⋅L-1, and the final sludge volume index decreased to 15 mL⋅g-1. The extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), which is crucial to keep the stability of AGS, increased continuously from 85.1 mg⋅g-1 SS to 307.8 mg⋅g-1 SS with the increase of COD loads. Moreover, the removal efficiency of COD and TN could reach 92% and 87% for real high-strength anaerobic digestion wastewater treatment. The bacterial community analysis revealed that the family Rhodocyclaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Xanthomonadaceae were the major microbes of AGS, and were responsible for COD and TN removal, as well as EPS secretion. These findings may provide novel information and enrich AGS treatment of high-strength real wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Luxi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Aili Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Shaojie Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China; Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Haijia Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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34
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Li S, Li D, Ye X, Zhang S, Zeng H, Yuan Y, Zhang J. Effect of different operational modes on the performance of granular sludge in continuous-flow systems and the successions of microbial communities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122573. [PMID: 31865158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Continuous flow reactors with time intermittent operational (TIO) mode and spatial intermittent operational (SIO) mode were operated to evaluate the effects of operational modes on the removal performances, the characteristics of granules and the dynamics of microbial communities in simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal (SNDPR) granular system. The results showed that the removal efficiency of TP, TN were 81.3%, 86.7% under TIO mode, and 70.6%, 77.4% under SIO mode, respectively. Meanwhile, the PN and value of PN/PS in SIO were higher than those in TIO. Besides, results of high-throughput pyrosequencing illustrated that the combination of filamentous archaea (Methanothrix) and filamentous bacteria (Thiothrix) had resulted in the increase of EPS and SVI under SIO mode. Finally, functional bacterial and archaeal species, involving HMA, AMA, AOA, DPAOs etc., were identified to reveal the effects of operational modes on the mechanism of nutrients removal in granular SNDPR continuous-flow system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Xuesong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shirui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100123, China
| | - Yixing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Key Laboratory of Water Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100123, China
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35
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Wang S, Li Z, Wang D, Li Y, Sun L. Performance and population structure of two carbon sources granular enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems at low temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122683. [PMID: 31901772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the effect of two carbon sources on performance and population structure of granular enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems at long-term low temperature by using two sequencing batch reactors, with acetate (SBR-1) and propionate (SBR-2) as carbon sources respectively. Results showed that highly efficient EBPR were successfully achieved, and the average PO43--P and COD removal efficiency of SBR-1 and SBR-2 were 94.2%, 87.1% and 98.2%, 87.0%, respectively. Moreover, the acetate system preferred to utilize intracellular Mg/K-polyP to produce ATP for VFA uptake rather than glycogen. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the abundance of Rhodocyclaceae were 31.7% (SBR-1) and 71.7% (SBR-2), and genus Dechloromonas was enriched to 60.5% with propionate, evidently higher than acetate (1.2%). Furthermore, in addition to oxygen, Dechloromonas could use nitrate as electron acceptors for phosphate uptake. The study further provides support to simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopo Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, China; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Zhu Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, China; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, China; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yajing Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, China; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Liping Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin, China; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
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Pei Q, Luo J, Chen M. Studies on a new stainless steel mesh dynamic membrane for wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122405. [PMID: 31812601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study an innovative dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) was implemented from a stainless-steel mesh filter, which was used as a support material, and activated sludge used as an adsorption and filtration interface containing particulate organics. This work indicated that DMBR can achieve rapid solid-liquid pollutants separation. The activated sludge in the aeration tank quickly formed a thin dynamic membrane layer on the filter. The layer was automatically regenerated as the sludge traveled through the reactor. The experimental results for the new DMBR showed good biodegradability in sewage treatment when the activated sludge concentrations ranged between 3000 and 7000 mg/L. Excellent adsorption and filtration performance were also achieved. This dynamic membrane layer significantly improved the effluent quality. The average removal rates were 92.2% and 91.5% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Phosphorus (TP), respectively. The sewage treatment index was better than the current standard activated sludge process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Min Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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37
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Li Y, Guo J, Li H, Song Y, Chen Z, Lu C, Han Y, Hou Y. Effect of dissolved oxygen on simultaneous removal of ammonia, nitrate and phosphorus via biological aerated filter with sulfur and pyrite as composite fillers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122340. [PMID: 31704601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A biological aerated filter (BAF) with sulfur and pyrite as fillers were structured to simultaneously remove NH4+-N, NO3--N and PO43--P from secondary effluent. When dissolved oxygen (DO) was 1.2-1.5 mg/L, effluent concentration of NH4+-N, NO3--N and PO43--P were below 0.65, 0.47 and 0.18 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile, Fe2+ production via decomposing pyrite could improve autotrophic denitrification performance. Besides, sulfur and pyrite autotrophic denitrification process (PAD and SAD) aligned with the Zero-order and First-order kinetics models, respectively, indicating that the sulfur had excellent capability of providing electron. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the nitrogen removal performance and protein-like substances in extracellular polymeric substances. Bacterial community analysis suggested the nitrifiers and autotrophic denitrifiers were simultaneously enriched. Principal component analysis indicated that the DO concentration and type of electron donors impacted bacterial community. Consequently, BAF combined with PAD and SAD processes provides an alternative method to remove nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
| | - Haibo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. W. Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caicai Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yanan Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
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38
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Sun Z, Ding C, Xi J, Lu L, Yang B. Enhancing biofilm formation in biofilters for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene removal by modifying the packing material surface. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122335. [PMID: 31732413 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) sponges are popular packing material in biofilters and their smooth and hydrophobic surface often leads to an uneven distribution and detachment of biofilms. In this work, the surface of PU sponge was modified to obtain higher roughness and positive charge. The performances of two biofilters (BF1 with pristine sponge and BF2 with modified sponge) for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) removal were investigated. Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) removal efficiency and CO2 increment were 61% and 804 ppm for BF2 respectively after start-up, compared with 51% and 538 ppm for BF1. Analysis on biofilms showed that the modification of PU sponge significantly improved the microbial growth, viability and adhesive strength in biofilms, reduced extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and changed the microbial community. These results demonstrate that modified sponge can enhance biofilm formation and BTEX removal in biofilters and may applied in large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqiu Sun
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Cheng Ding
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Jinying Xi
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Lichao Lu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Bairen Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
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39
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Tang P, Yu D, Chen G, Zhang P, Wang X, Liu C, Huang S. Novel aerobic granular sludge culture strategy: Using granular sludge Anammox process effluent as a biocatalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122156. [PMID: 31561153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effluent from granular sludge Anammox process was used as a biocatalyst to improve the culture rate of aerobic granular sludge, and the internal causes of this effect were studied. In this study, in sequencing batch reactor, the formation and changes of AGS was monitored with granular sludge Anammox process effluent added before and after. The community structure of AGS was analyzed by molecular biology methods. The results showed ammonia utilizing rate increased from 3.41 to 5.96 mgNH4+-N/(g VSS·h), NO2--N maintained a high accumulation rate, and the denitrification performance remained stable. On 40th day, the diameter of the AGS reached 3.5 mm, and the concentrations of PN and PS reached 330.5 and 62.9 mg/gVSS, respectively. The community structure has changed. Nitrosomonas (31.7%) became the new dominant bacteria. Signal molecules contained in the effluent as inter-species signal molecules could enhance the formation of AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Deshuang Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Shuo Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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40
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Adimoolam SR, Nanjan Easwaran S, Subramanian Mohanakrishnan A, Mahadevan S. Metabolic heat coherent growth of Halomonas variabilis (HV) for enhanced production of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) in a Bio Reaction Calorimeter (BioRC). Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:56-65. [PMID: 31648576 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1663532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The optimum condition at which the halophilic salt-tolerant bacterium Halomonas variabilis (MTCC 3712) produces the maximum amount of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was investigated experimentally using response surface methodology based on the central composite design (CCD). Hyper-saline medium containing 1.5% w/v NaCl enriched nutrient medium with 1.5% glucose as a carbon source was used to produce about 4.74 g/L of EPS in 16 h compared to various other EPS production of this kind. The metabolic heat profile confirms net EPS production by HV was a growth-associated aerobic process. There is a good agreement between metabolic heat and Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR). The maximum observed heat release was 2.1 W. The total protein content of the sample is 53% of the total EPS (Soluble EPS, Loosely bound EPS, and tightly bound EPS). The emulsifying and flocculating activities of the EPS were measured to explore the possibility of using the biopolymer for effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana Raj Adimoolam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vel Tech High Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, India
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Chen H, Li A, Cui C, Ma F, Cui D, Zhao H, Wang Q, Ni B, Yang J. AHL-mediated quorum sensing regulates the variations of microbial community and sludge properties of aerobic granular sludge under low organic loading. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104946. [PMID: 31252169 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is promising in wastewater treatment. However, the formation and existence of AGS under low organic loading rate (OLR) is still not fully understood due to a knowledge gap in the variations and correlations of N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), the microbial community, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and other physiochemical granule properties. This study comprehensively investigated the AHL-mediated quorum sensing (QS) and microbial community characters in the AGS fed with ammonium-rich wastewater under a low OLR of 0.15 kg COD (m3 d)-1. The results showed that the AGS appeared within 90 days, and the size of mature granules was over 700 μm with strong settleability and ammonium removal performance. More tightly-bound extracellular polysaccharide and tightly-bound extracelluar protein were produced in the larger AGS. C10-HSL and C12-HSL gradually became dominant in sludge, and short-chain AHLs dominated in water. EPS producers and autotrophic nitrifiers were successfully retained in the AGS under low OLR. AHL-mediated QS utilized C10-HSL, C12-HSL and 3OC6-HSL as the critical AHLs to regulate the TB-EPS in aerobic granulation, and autotrophic nitrifiers may perform interspecific communication with C10-HSL. The correlations of bacterial genera with AGS properties and AHLs were complex due to the dynamic fluctuations of microbial composition and other variable factors in the mixed-culture system. These findings confirmed the participation of AHL-mediated QS in the regulation of microbial community characters and AGS properties under low OLR, which may provide guidance for the operation of AGS systems under low OLR from a microbiological viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chongwei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China; Research Center on Life Sciences and Environmental Sciences, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | - Heping Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bingjie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
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42
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Biogas Production and Fundamental Mass Transfer Mechanism in Anaerobic Granular Sludge. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11164443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic granules are responsible for organic degradation and biogas production in a reactor. The biogas production is entirely dependent on a mass transfer mechanism, but so far, the fundamental understanding remains poor due to the covered surface of the reactor. The study aimed at investigating the fundamental mass transfer characteristics of single anaerobic granules of different sizes using microscopic imaging and analytical monitoring under single and different organic loadings. The experiment was conducted in a micro reactor and mass transfer was calculated using modified Fick’s law. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to observe biogas production zones in the granule, and a lab-scale microscope equipped with a camera revealed the biogas bubble detachment process in the micro reactor for the first time. In this experiment, the granule size was 1.32, 1.47, and 1.75 mm, but 1.75 mm granules were chosen for further investigation due to their large size. The results revealed that biogas production rates for 1.75 mm granules at initial Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 586, 1700, and 6700 mg/L were 0.0108, 0.0236, and 0.1007 m3/kg COD, respectively; whereas the mass transfer rates were calculated as 1.83 × 10−12, 5.30 × 10−12, and 2.08 × 10−11 mg/s. It was concluded that higher organic loading and large granules enhance the mass transfer inside the reactor. Thus, large granules should be preferred in the granule-based reactor to enhance biogas production.
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43
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Layer M, Adler A, Reynaert E, Hernandez A, Pagni M, Morgenroth E, Holliger C, Derlon N. Organic substrate diffusibility governs microbial community composition, nutrient removal performance and kinetics of granulation of aerobic granular sludge. WATER RESEARCH X 2019; 4:100033. [PMID: 31334496 PMCID: PMC6614711 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2019.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Basic understanding of formation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has mainly been derived from lab-scale systems with simple influents containing only highly diffusible volatile fatty acids (VFA) as organic substrate. This study compares start-up of AGS systems fed by different synthetic and municipal wastewaters (WW), characterised by increasing complexity in terms of non-diffusible organic substrate. Four AGS reactors were started with the same inoculum activated sludge and operated for one year. The development of AGS, settling characteristics, nutrient and substrate removal performance as well as microbial community composition were monitored. Our results indicate that the higher the content of diffusible organic substrate in the WW, the faster the formation of AGS. The presence of non-diffusible organic substrate in the influent WW led to the formation of small granules and to the presence of 20-40% (% of total suspended solids) of flocs in the AGS. When AGS was fed with complex influent WW, the classical phosphorus and glycogen accumulating organisms (PAO, GAO) were outcompeted by their fermentative equivalents. Substrate and nutrient removal was observed in all reactors, despite the difference in physical and settling properties of the AGS, but the levels of P and N removal depended on the influent carbon composition. Mechanistically, our results indicate that increased levels of non-diffusible organic substrate in the influent lower the potential for microbial growth deep inside the granules. Additionally, non-diffusible organic substrates give a competitive advantage to the main opponents of AGS formation - ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHO). Both of these mechanisms are suspected to limit AGS formation. The presented study has relevant implications for both practice and research. Start-up duration of AGS systems treating high complexity WW were one order of magnitude higher than a typical lab-scale system treating VFA-rich synthetic WW, and biomass as flocs persisted as a significant fraction. Finally, the complex synthetic influent WW - composed of VFA, soluble fermentable and particulate substrate - tested here seems to be a more adequate surrogate of real municipal WW for laboratory studies than 100%-VFA WW.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Layer
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A. Adler
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. Reynaert
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Hernandez
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. Pagni
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. Morgenroth
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C. Holliger
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N. Derlon
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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44
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Zhang HL, Jiang WL, Liu R, Zhou Y, Zhang Y. Organic degradation and extracellular products of pure oxygen aerated activated sludge under different F/M conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 279:189-194. [PMID: 30735927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of food to microorganisms rate (F/M) on organic removal, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) of the pure oxygen aerated activated sludge running in batch mode. The F/M rates were controlled by adjusting the MLSS concentrations (2000, 5000, 8000 mg/L) and/or the initial TOC concentrations (100, 500 mg/L). Results showed that at high F/M rate (0.25 kg TOC/kg MLSS), the substrate degradation rate in the oxygen aerated reactor could reach 1.347 mg TOC/(L·min)), much higher than that in the air aerated reactor (0.640 mg TOC/(L·min)). The SMP concentrations with oxygen aeration were also higher than those with air aeration under high F/M conditions. The total EPS contents in the pure oxygen aerated sludge were significantly lower regardless of the different F/M rates. High F/M condition would lead to more amount of polysaccharides synthesis rather than proteins synthesis in EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ling Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, MEP, Nanjing 210000, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Wei-Li Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China.
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45
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Świątczak P, Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A, Zielińska M. Treatment of the liquid phase of digestate from a biogas plant for water reuse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 276:226-235. [PMID: 30640016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biogas plants struggle with managing nitrogen-rich digestate from manure co-digestion. In this study, the biologically treated liquid phase of digestate from an aerobic granular sludge batch reactor (GSBR) containing oxidized nitrogen forms (NOx), phosphorus, COD and total suspended solids was post-denitrified (P-D), and then ultrafiltered. In P-D, various hydraulic retention times (from 10 to 60 h) and biomass concentrations (from 6 to 14 g MLSS/L) were tested. Then, waste glycerin (GL) was added to the P-D reactor at a CODGL/NOx ratio of 1.1, causing a large number of phosphate-accumulating and denitrifying Janibacter sp., and PHB-accumulating and denitrifying Paracoccus sp. and Thauera sp. to be present in granules, which improved nutrient removal. The effluent was ultrafiltered at 0.3 and 0.5 MPa. After biological treatment supported with GL and followed by ultrafiltration, the purified liquid phase of the digestate met FAO standards for water reuse for irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Świątczak
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, 10-709 Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45 G, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, 10-709 Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45 G, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zielińska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, 10-709 Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45 G, Poland
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