1
|
Min XZ, Zhang ZF, Lu XM, Chen JC, Ma WL, Liu LY, Li WL, Li YF, Kallenborn R. Occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant with Bacillus bio-reactor treatment. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171589. [PMID: 38461988 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have attracted wide attention due to their environmental impacts and health risks. PPCPs released through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are estimated to be 80 %. Nevertheless, the occurrence of PPCPs in the WWTPs equipped with Bacillus spec.-based bioreactors (BBR) treatment system remains unclear. In this study, sludge and waste water samples were collected during separate winter and summer sampling campaigns from a typical BBR treatment system. The results indicate that out of 58 target PPCPs, 27 compounds were detected in the waste water (0.06-1900 ng/L), and 23 were found in the sludge (0.6-7755 ng/g dw). Paraxanthine was the chemical of the highest abundance in the influent due to the high consumption of the parent compounds caffeine and theobromine. The profile for PPCPs in the wastewater and sludge exhibited no seasonal variation. Overall, the removal of target PPCPs in summer is more effective than the winter. In the BBR bio-reactor, it was found that selected PPCPs (at ng/L level) can be completely removed. The efficiency for individual PPCP removal was increased from 1.0 % to 50 % in this unit, after target specific adjustments of the process. The effective removal of selected PPCPs by the BBR treatment system is explained by combined sorption and biodegradation processing. The re-occurrence of PPCPs in the wastewater was monitored. Negative removal efficiency was explained by the cleavage of Phase II metabolites after the biotransformation process, and the lack of equilibrium for PPCPs in the sludge of the second clarifier. A compound specific risk quotient (RQ) was calculated and applied for studying the potential environmental risks. Diphenhydramine is found with the highest environmental risk in wastewater, and 15 other PPCPs show negligible risks in sewage sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ze Min
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China; Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology & Food Sciences (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Norway
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xi-Mei Lu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Chen
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wan-Li Ma
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Li-Yan Liu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wen-Long Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12237, United States
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem (HPKL-PEE), Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China; IJRC-PTS-NA, Toronto M2N 6X9, Canada
| | - Roland Kallenborn
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem (IJRC-AEE), Polar Academy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology & Food Sciences (KBM), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Yang K, Li L, Yang L, Zhang S, Yu F, Hua L. Change characteristics, bacteria host, and spread risks of bioaerosol ARGs/MGEs from different stages in sewage and sludge treatment process. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:134011. [PMID: 38492400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the atmospheric environment has seriously threatened human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an important source of aerosol ARGs. A large WWTP, including sewage treatment process (SWP) and sludge treatment process (SDP), was selected in North China for sampling in this study. The content of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and bacterial genera in sewage/sludge and aerosols from different process stages was detected. The possible correlation between ARGs/ MGEs and bacteria was analyzed. The risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria was evaluated and the diffusion of ARGs/MGEs was simulated. The results showed that the concentration of ARGs/MGEs varied as the process progressed, and which in the aeration tank was relatively high. The ARGs/MGEs content in SWP aerosol (8.35-163.27 copies/m3) was higher than that in SDP (5.52-16.36 copies/m3). The main ARGs/MGEs detected in SWP aerosol were tnpA-05, tnpA-04, and ermF, while the main ARGs/MGEs detected in SDP aerosol were sul1, ermF, and blaPAO. ARGs were positively correlated with most bacteria and Escherichia coli with ARGs carries higher cytotoxicity. ARGs/MGEs mainly diffused towards the southeast, which may cause harm to urban residents with the diffusion of aerosols. This study provides clues and theoretical basis for preventing the hazards of ARGs from WWTP sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, United Kingdom, UK; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Liying Yang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Fangfang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Linlin Hua
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Advanced Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wen X, Meng F, Li S. Analyzing the effect of public private partnership mode on sewage treatment in China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9531. [PMID: 38664480 PMCID: PMC11045736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The public-private partnership (PPP) mode is one of the main ways to promote environmental governance through marketization in the sewage treatment industry. This mode is crucial for environmental protection and livelihood improvement. In order to investigate the impact of PPP mode on sewage treatment, the influence of financial development and the government-business relationship on the effectiveness of sewage treatment under PPP mode, and the role of government in this context, an empirical model is established. To achieve this, data from 284 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2009 to 2017 has been selected as research samples. The total amount of regional sewage treatment PPP projects is used as the proxy variable for participation in the PPP mode. The findings reveal that the PPP mode of sewage treatment effectively reduces the intensity and amount of sewage discharge. Moreover, the results indicate that a higher level of financial development and a more perfect financial system are associated with better sewage treatment effects under the PPP mode. Similarly, a more harmonious government-business relationship and a higher health index of this relationship correspond to improved sewage treatment effects under the PPP mode. The government should actively enhance government transparency, formulate appropriate corporate taxes and fees, clarify the responsibilities and obligations of the government and enterprises, and optimize the business environment in order to optimize the sewage treatment effect of the PPP mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- School of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Fange Meng
- School of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Shiheng Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Branch, The People's Bank of China, Hangzhou, 310001, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Spellman CD, Burton ZT, Ikuma K, Strosnider WHJ, Tasker TL, Roman B, Goodwill JE. Continuous co-treatment of mine drainage with municipal wastewater. J Environ Manage 2024; 354:120282. [PMID: 38364535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) and municipal wastewater (MWW) are commonly co-occurring waste streams in mining regions. Co-treating AMD at existing wastewater facilities represents an innovative solution for simultaneous AMD reclamation and improved MWW treatment. However, unknowns related to biological processes and continuous treatment performance block full-scale use. The overarching goal of this work was to address questions related to efficacy and performance of continuous processing of AMD in a biological MWW treatment system. Synthetic AMD was co-treated with synthetic MWW in a continuously-operating bench-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR). SBRs treated MWW with two strengths of AMD (91 and 720 mg/L as CaCO3 Acidity) to capture the variations of coal AMD chemistry and strength observed in the field. Each co-treatment phases lasted 40+ days, during which clarified effluent and settled sludge quality was routinely monitored to determine impacts of co-treatment relative to conventional MWW treatment performance. Co-treatment produced effluent that met key standards for secondary treatment including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) < 5 mg/L, total suspended solids (TSS) < 20 mg/L, and pH ∼7.0. Addition of AMD also improved treatment performance, increasing Phosphate (PO4) removal by >60% and pathogen removal by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, AMD co-treatment did not exhibit any major impacts on the overall diversity of the wastewater microbial community. Co-treatment sludge had slightly higher settleability and a lower bound water content, but notable changes in sludge morphology was observed. This study demonstrates co-treatment allows for continuous mitigation of AMD without adversely impacting MWW treatment performance in conventional biological MWW processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Spellman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA; The Narragansett Bay Commission, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Zachary T Burton
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kaoru Ikuma
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - William H J Strosnider
- Belle W. Baruch Marine Field Laboratory, University of South Carolina, Georgetown, SC, USA
| | - Travis L Tasker
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Saint Francis University, Loretto, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Roman
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Saint Francis University, Loretto, PA, USA
| | - Joseph E Goodwill
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Roohi AM, Nazif S, Ramazi P. Tackling data challenges in forecasting effluent characteristics of wastewater treatment plants. J Environ Manage 2024; 354:120324. [PMID: 38364537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the stochastic nature of influent wastewater and operational and weather conditions cause fluctuations in effluent quality. Data-driven models can forecast effluent quality a few hours ahead as a response to the influent characteristics, providing enough time to adjust system operations and avoid undesired consequences. However, existing data for training models are often incomplete and contain missing values. On the other hand, collecting additional data by installing new sensors is costly. The trade-off between using existing incomplete data and collecting costly new data results in three data challenges faced when developing data-driven WWTP effluent forecasters. These challenges are to determine important variables to be measured, the minimum number of required data instances, and the maximum percentage of tolerable missing values that do not impede the development of an accurate model. As these issues are not discussed in previous studies, in this research, for the first time, a comprehensive analysis is done to provide answers to these challenges. Another issue that arises in all data-driven modeling is how to select an appropriate forecasting model. This paper addresses these issues by first testing nine machine learning models on data collected from three wastewater treatment plants located in Iran, Australia, and Spain. The most accurate forecaster, Bayesian network, was then used to address the articulated challenges. Key variables in forecasting effluent characteristics were flow rate, total suspended solids, electrical conductivity, phosphorus compounds, wastewater temperature, and air temperature. A minimum of 250 samples was needed during the model training to achieve a great reduction in the forecasting error. Moreover, a steep increase in the error was observed should the portion of missing values exceed 10%. The results assist plant managers in estimating the necessary data collection effort to obtain an accurate forecaster, contributing to the quality of the effluent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammad Roohi
- School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Nazif
- School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pouria Ramazi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiao D, Jiang H, Zhou Y, Imran A, Zhao H, Bi Y. Preparation of smart magnetic fluids and application in sewage treatment: Copper adsorption, kinetic and isotherm study. J Environ Manage 2024; 353:120142. [PMID: 38306855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The effective removal of heavy metal ions from sewage remains a critical issue, and applying the operability of magnetic materials to large volume wastewater treatment has been a significant challenge. In this paper, metal ions adsorption induced aggregation strategy is proposed to solve this contradiction. The intelligent magnetic fluid designed in this study is a well-dispersed fluid state when treating sewage, and can efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions in wastewater with high adsorption capacity and ultra-fast adsorption kinetics. More importantly, after saturation of adsorption, the magnetic fluid will transform from a well-dispersed fluid state to an agglomeration state which is easy to precipitate and separate via external magnetic field. In a simple and effective way, the particles size of magnetic nanoparticles was precisely controlled by cellulose derivatives modification to obtain a stable magnetic fluid in water. The Freundlich model best described Cu2+ adsorption on magnetite nanoparticles, the correlation coefficients from the Cu2+ adsorption on the two magnetic fluids are 0.9554 and 0.9336, n are 1.868 and 2.117, revealing a favorable adsorption of Cu2+ onto magnetic fluids. The pseudo second-order model fitted the adsorption kinetic data better, the qe are 0.1948 and 0.1315 mmol/g and the R2 are 0.9999, indicating that the adsorption of Cu2+ onto the magnetic fluid was dominated by chemisorption. Moreover, the removal rate of Cu2+ in tap water and lake water was more than 97.1%, and the removal rate of large volume sewage was 81.7%. The synthetic magnetic fluid has high adsorption capacity, ultra-fast adsorption kinetics, reusability and easy separation, indicating its potential application for the removal of heavy metal ions from large-volume sewage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deli Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yunlin Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Alhassan Imran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yanping Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'An, Shandong, 271016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen D, Yue W, Rong Q, Wang S, Su M. Hybrid life-cycle and hierarchical archimedean copula analyses for identifying pathways of greenhouse gas mitigation in domestic sewage treatment systems. J Environ Manage 2024; 352:119982. [PMID: 38218165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Electricity consumption and anaerobic reactions cause direct and indirect greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions within domestic sewage treatment systems (DSTSs). GHG emissions in DSTSs were influenced by the sewage quantity and the efficacy of treatment technologies. To address combined effects of these variables, this study presented an approach for identifying pathways for GHG mitigation within the DSTSs of cities under climate change and socio-economic development, through combining life cycle analysis (LCA) and the Hierarchical Archimedean copula (HAC) methods. The approach was innovative in the following aspects: 1) quantifying the GHG emissions of the DSTSs; 2) identifying the correlations among temperature changes, socioeconomic development, and domestic sewage quantity, and 3) predicting the future fluctuations in GHG emissions from the DSTSs. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was validated through its application to an urban agglomeration in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China. To identify the potentials of GHG mitigation in the DSTSs, two pathways (i.e., general and optimized) were proposed according to the different technical choices for establishing facilities from 2021 to 2030. The results indicated that GHG emissions from the DSTS in the PRD were [3.01, 4.96] Mt CO2eq in 2021, with substantial contributions from Shenzhen and Guangzhou. Moreover, GHG emissions from the sewage treatment facilities based on Anaerobic-Anoxic-Axic (AAO) technology were higher than those based on other technologies. Under the optimized pathway, GHG emissions, contributed by the technologies of Continuous Cycle Aeration System (CASS) and Oxidation Ditch (OD), were the lowest. Through the results of correlation analysis, the impact of socioeconomic development on domestic sewage quantities was more significant than that of climate change. Domestic sewage quantities in the cities of the PRD would increase by 4.10%-28.38%, 17.14%-26.01%, and 18.15%-26.50% from 2022 to 2030 under three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. These findings demonstrated that the capacities of domestic sewage treatment facilities in most cities of the PRD should be substantially improved from 0.12 to 2.99 times between 2022 and 2030. Under the optimized pathway, the future GHG emissions of the CASS method would be the lowest, followed by the OD method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghan Chen
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Wencong Yue
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, 523808, Dongguan, China.
| | - Qiangqiang Rong
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, 523808, Dongguan, China.
| | - Senchao Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Meirong Su
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China; Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barbosa TA, Giordani A, de Moura RB. A pilot-scale study of a novel system for simultaneous nitrogen and carbon removal: technological advancement of a structured bed reactor with intermittent aeration (SBRIA) in real domestic sewage treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:12591-12596. [PMID: 38180656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This study outlines the development of an effective pilot-scale simultaneous denitrification and nitrification (SDN) system using intermittent aeration for the removal of carbon and nitrogen from real domestic sewage. Given the limited research in this area, the main objective was to evaluate the overall performance of the SBRIA system on a pilot scale and show its benefits in domestic wastewater treatment. The structured bed reactor with intermittent aeration (SBRIA) notably achieved 57% efficiency in removing total nitrogen without requiring external carbon sources. It also demonstrated impressive removal rates of 56% for total chemical oxygen demand (CODT) and 82% for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), indicating its effectiveness in degrading organic matter. In addition, the SBRIA showed high pH control and managed the consumption of alkalinity without the need for an alkalizer, maintaining consistent mean values of 7.7 ± 0.8 for pH and 166.8 ± 79.8 mg·L-1 for alkalinity. The system also proved resilient against toxic shocks caused by significant variations in influent characteristics. This study offers valuable insights and compelling results into a cost-effective and efficient treatment approach using an innovative technology not previously applied at the pilot scale. Its potential to remediate polluted water is substantial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talita Aleixo Barbosa
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Poços de Caldas, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Giordani
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Poços de Caldas, Brazil.
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Brito de Moura
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Poços de Caldas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li H, Shi Y, Wang Y, Zhao X. A research on the strengthening effect of sludge charcoal on activated sludge process in sewage treatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:5289-5303. [PMID: 38110685 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, the number of urban sewage treatment plants is increasing, wastewater treatment volume is gradually becoming large, and correspondingly, the sludge production capacity has a rapid growth. As a new method of sludge disposal, sludge carbonization is characterized by low energy consumption, simple products, and wide resource utilization prospects, which is of great help to solve problems of current sludge disposal in China. The residual sludge from sewage plant was used as raw material in this study in order to investigate the physical and chemical properties of sludge charcoal after high temperature carbonization and explore the enhancement in the removal of pollutants including CODcr, NH3-N, TN, and TP during sewage treatment with the used sludge charcoal. The results show that the optimal dosing amount of sludge charcoal was 2 g.L-1 when it was added into SBR equipment at one time, while the optimal dosing amount is 0.06 g.L-1 when it was added into SBR equipment with each influent process. The enhanced removal effect of pollutants in sewage treatment process mainly depended on the physical adsorption and intensified bio-degradation of sludge charcoal, and activated sludge and sludge charcoal were synergistic in water treatment. The removal effect of pollutants is strengthened in the physical adsorption-bio-degradation-sludge charcoal reproduction-re-adsorption system. These suggested that sludge charcoal could be promising for the enhancement of pollutant removal in sewage through activated sludge process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Yujie Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Morais EG, Sampaio ICF, Gonzalez-Flo E, Ferrer I, Uggetti E, García J. Microalgae harvesting for wastewater treatment and resources recovery: A review. N Biotechnol 2023; 78:84-94. [PMID: 37820831 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment has been conceived to obtain reclaimed water and produce microalgal biomass for bio-based products and biofuels generation. However, microalgal biomass harvesting is challenging and expensive, hence one of the main bottlenecks for full-scale implementation. Finding an integrated approach that covers concepts of engineering, green chemistry and the application of microbial anabolism driven towards the harvesting processes, is mandatory for the widespread establishment of full-scale microalgae wastewater treatment plants. By using nature-based substances and applying concepts of chemical functionalization in already established harvesting methods, the costs of harvesting processes could be reduced while preventing microalgae biomass contamination. Moreover, microalgae produced during wastewater treatment have unique culture characteristics, such as the consortia, which are primarily composed of microalgae and bacteria, that should be accounted for prior to downstream processing. The aim of this review is to examine recent advances in microalgal biomass harvesting and recovery in wastewater treatment systems, considering the impact of consortia variability. The costs of available harvesting technologies, such as coagulation/flocculation, coupled to sedimentation and differential air flotation, are provided. Additionally, promising technologies are discussed, including autoflocculation, bioflocculation, new filtration materials, nanotechnology, microfluidic and magnetic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etiele Greque de Morais
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Igor Carvalho Fontes Sampaio
- CPID - Espírito Santo's Center for Research, Innovation and Development, Eliezer Batista hill, Jardim América, 29140-130 Cariacica, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Flo
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, Building C5.1, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrica Uggetti
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou C, Wang Q. Effect of the characteristic town policy on sewage treatment in mountainous areas: Evidence from Chongqing. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22830. [PMID: 38058456 PMCID: PMC10696194 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China highlighted the necessity of advancing a new type of urbanization with people at the core. Characteristic towns as an essential link between new urbanization and rural revitalization attach great importance to creating a beautiful environment. Sewage treatment is an indispensable foundation for a town's high-quality economic and social development; however, it may be hard to achieve through urban construction. Therefore, using data from 584 organic towns in Chongqing, a typical mountainous city in western China, this study empirically analyzes the effect of the characteristic town policy in China on mountainous sewage treatment and its mechanisms from 2014 to 2020. The results indicate that (1) the characteristic town policy helps enhance sewage treatment in small towns, which remains valid after a series of robustness tests. (2) Investment and human resource effects are mediators for the characteristic town policy to boost sewage treatment in small towns. Further analyses reveal that the boosting effect of the characteristic town policy on small-town sewage treatment is more significant for small towns with higher economic development levels suffering ecological and environmental pressures. These findings provide a basis for a broad recognition of the effect of the characteristic town policy and its impact. They also theoretically enrich the awareness of the Chinese government's urbanization policy concerning the economy and society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, 400031, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing, 400031, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang L, Wang J, Gong X, Song Y, Li D, Huang H, Yu C, Liang X, Fang H. Removal characteristics of microplastics in sewage flowing through a long-term operation surface flow wetland. Sci Total Environ 2023; 899:165714. [PMID: 37487891 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) in sewage pose significant threats to aquatic system. Surface flow wetland (SFW) is a common natural wetland type, and is also used as a cheap and easy-to-build sewage treatment system for small and scattered settlements. However, seasonal variation patterns of MPs in sewage removed by SFW are still limited. Therefore, a field investigation was conducted in an SFW that has been operated for 17 years. The concentration of microplastics in the influent of the SFW (CMPs, in) ranged from 56 ± 6 to 250 ± 14 items L-1. The dominant plastic types were fibers and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). CMPs, in were high in summer and winter, significantly related to the seasonal dressing habits. The removal efficiencies of MPs in SFW were 48.03-92.32 % in different seasons, and the mechanisms of MP removal were different with traditional pollutants. Before flowing out occasionally or by heavy precipitation, MPs were primarily trapped in the SFW and underwent certain oxidation. Simulation experiments demonstrated that 47.5-92.9 % of MPs would be trapped in the SFW, and plants would significantly enhance the trapping capacities. This study sheds light on the seasonal variation characteristics and patterns of MPs in actual sewage, and clarifies the fate of MPs in a long-term operation SFW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jingxin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Xia Gong
- College of Chemistry and Material, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yaohua Song
- School of Electrical Engineering, Jiujiang Vocational and Technical College, Jiujiang 332007, China
| | - Danping Li
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Huajun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Chenglong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ximei Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Hansun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resource and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, College of Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kang Z, Chen M, Wu J, Qin N, Bao D. Insights on enhancing piezocatalytic performance of Bi 2WO 6@PDA homojunction from phase coexistence and electron transfer mediators. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:169-181. [PMID: 37399753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Piezocatalytic technology with controllable generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is emerging in wastewater treatment. This study employed the synergetic regulation of functional surface and phase interface modification to effectively accelerate redox reaction in piezocatalytic process. We anchored the conductive polydopamine (PDA) onto Bi2WO6 (BWO) using template method, in which a small amount of Bi precipitation to induce partial phase transition of BWO from tetragonal to orthorhombic (t/o) in virtue of simple calcination. ROS traceability studies have identified the synergistic relationship between charge separation and transfer. Polarization in two-phase coexistence is intimately modulated by the orthorhombic relative central cation displacement. The orthorhombic phase with large electric dipole moment significantly promotes the generation of piezoresistive effect of intrinsic tetragonal BWO and optimizes the charge distribution. PDA further overcomes the obstruction of carrier migration at the phases interface to accelerate the generation rate of free radicals. Consequently, the superior rhodamine B (RhB) piezocatalytic degradation rate of 0.10 and 0.32 min-1 were delivered by t/o-BWO and t/o-BWO@PDA, respectively. This work reveals a feasible polarization enhancement strategy for the phase coexistence, and flexibly introduces the in-situ synthesized economical polymer conductive unit into the piezocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ni Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dinghua Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu D, Bai Y, Wei X, Jiang X, Wu H, Yu S. Sewage treatment decreased organic carbon resources in Hong Kong waters during 1986-2020. Environ Pollut 2023; 335:122219. [PMID: 37479168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Riverine organic carbon (OC) transport plays a role in regulating terrestrial and marine carbon pools and deteriorating coastal water quality. However, long-term OC transport in Asian rivers and its diffusion in marginal seas have remained unreported. This study reported the spatiotemporal variations in OC resources for Hong Kong waters, China, based on monthly monitoring data collected at 82 river stations and 94 ocean sites during 1986-2020. The station-based riverine OC varied spatially and was generally high, with a mean value of 1.4-52.0 mg/L. Moreover, along with improving water quality, OC at 97.6% of the river stations decreased during 1986-2020; overall, sewage treatment accounted for 83.4% of the exponential decrease in riverine OC (R2 = 0.68, p < 0.01). However, the reduction in riverine OC accounted for only 10.4% of the reduction in the marine five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), which occurred at 70.2% of the ocean sites, especially those closest to the shore. The linear reduction in the marine BOD5 (R2 = 0.24, p < 0.01) was mainly attributed to reduced OC input from the adjacent Pearl River (61.9%) and decreases in phytoplankton growth (19.0%). These results indicated that sewage treatment improved water quality and decreased OC resources in Hong Kong waters, which can serve as a sustainable development model for other coastal cities. This study has important implications for mitigating organic pollution in the context of human efforts to manage the water environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China; Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Yan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Xiaodao Wei
- YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xintong Jiang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Huawu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shujie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nancharaiah YV, Sarvajith M, Mohan TVK. Pilot-scale aerobic granular sludge reactors with granular activated carbon for effective nitrogen and phosphorus removal from domestic wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2023; 894:164822. [PMID: 37331394 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a breakthrough biotechnology of 21st century and an innovative alternative to activated sludge for treating wastewater. Concerns on long-start up periods for development of AGS and stability of granules are impeding its widespread implementation for treating low-strength domestic wastewater especially in tropical climate conditions. Addition of nucleating agents have been shown to improve development of AGS while treating low-strength wastewaters. There are no previous studies on AGS development and biological nutrient removal (BNR) in the presence of nucleating agents during treatment of real domestic wastewater. This study investigated AGS formation and BNR pathways while treating real domestic wastewater in a 2 m3 pilot-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (gSBR) operated without and with granular activated carbon (GAC) particles. The gSBRs were operated under tropical climate (T ≈ 30 °C) for >4-years to evaluate the effect of GAC addition on granulation, granular stability and BNR at pilot-scale. Formation of granules was observed within 3 months. MLSS values of 4 and 8 g/L were recorded within 6 months in gSBRs without and with GAC particles, respectively. The granules had an average size of 1.2 mm and SVI5 of 22 mL/g. Ammonium was mainly removed through nitrate formation in the gSBR without GAC. But, ammonium was removed by short-cut nitrification via nitrite due to washout of nitrite oxidizing bacteria in the presence of GAC. Phosphorus removal was much higher in gSBR with GAC due to the establishment of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) pathway. After 3 months, the phosphorus removal efficiencies were at 15 % and 75 %, respectively, without and with GAC particles. The addition of GAC led to moderation in bacterial community and enrichment of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms. This is the first ever report on pilot-scale demonstration of AGS technology in the Indian sub-continent and GAC addition on BNR pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y V Nancharaiah
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, WSCD, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Trombay, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - M Sarvajith
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, WSCD, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Trombay, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - T V Krishna Mohan
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang L, Chen C, Tang Y, Liu B. A novel hypothermic strain, Pseudomonas reactans WL20-3 with high nitrate removal from actual sewage, and its synergistic resistance mechanism for efficient nitrate removal at 4 °C. Bioresour Technol 2023; 385:129389. [PMID: 37369315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate can be well removed by bacteria at 25-30 °C. However, nitrate removal almost ceases at temperatures lower than 5 °C. In this study, a novel hypothermic strain, Pseudomonas reactans WL20-3 exhibited an excellent aerobic nitrate removal ability at 4 °C. It had high capability for the removal of nitrate, total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at 4 °C, achieving removal efficiencies of 100%, 87.91%, and 97.48%, respectively. The transcriptome analysis revealed all genes involved in the nitrate removal pathway were significantly up-regulated. Additionally, the up-regulation of ABC transporter genes and down-regulation of respiratory chain genes cooperated with the nitrate metabolism pathway to resist low-temperature stress. In actual sewage, inoculated with WL20-3, the nitrate removal efficiency was found to be 70.70%. Overall, these findings demonstrated the impressive capacity of the novel strain WL20-3 to remove nitrate and provided novel insights into the synergistic resistance mechanism of WL20-3 at low temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Litree Purifying Technology Co., Ltd, Haikou, Hainan 571126, PR China
| | - Yueqin Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China
| | - Baicang Liu
- College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610207, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Section 2, Lingang Ave., Cuiping District, Yibin, Sichuan 644000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luo X, Guo M, Zheng X, Zheng S, Li S. Distinguished denitrifying phosphorus removal in the high-rate anoxic/microaerobic system for sewage treatment. Chemosphere 2023:139712. [PMID: 37536543 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
This study re-evaluated the role of anoxic and anaerobic zones during the enhanced biological phosphorus (P) removal process by investigating the potential effect of introducing an anoxic zone into a high-rate microaerobic activated sludge (MAS) system (1.60-1.70 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) m-3 d-1), i.e., a high-rate anoxic/microaerobic (A/M) system for sewage treatment. In the absence of a pre-anaerobic zone, introducing an anoxic zone considerably reduced effluent NOx--N concentrations (7.2 vs. 1.5 mg L-1) and remarkably enhanced total nitrogen (75% vs. 89%) and total P (18% vs. 60%) removal and sludge P content (1.48% vs. 1.77% (dry weight)) due to further anoxic denitrifying P removal denitrification in the anoxic zone (besides simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the microaerobic zone). High-throughput pyrosequencing demonstrated the niche differentiation of different polyphosphate accumulating organism (PAO) clades (including denitrifying PAO [DPAO] and non-DPAO) in both systems. Introducing an anoxic zone considerably reduced the total PAO abundance in sludge samples by 42% and modified the PAO community structure, including 17-19 detected genera. The change was solely confined to non-DPAOs, as no significant change in total abundance or community structure of DPAOs including seven detected genera was observed. Additionally, introducing an anoxic zone increased the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria by 39%. The high-rate A/M process provided less aeration, higher treatment capacity, a lower COD requirement, and a 75% decrease in the production of waste sludge than the conventional biological nutrient removal process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Luo
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Mengya Guo
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiangnan Zheng
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shaokui Zheng
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Shida Li
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sadeq AM, Ismail ZZ. Sustainable application of tubular photosynthesis microbial desalination cell for simultaneous desalination of seawater for potable water supply associated with sewage treatment and energy recovery. Sci Total Environ 2023; 875:162630. [PMID: 36889384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable approach for simultaneous desalination of actual seawater for potable water supply, and bioelectrochemical treatment of sewage associated with power generation was evaluated in a tubular photosynthesis desalination microbial fuel cell (PDMC) continually operated for 180 days. Anion exchange membrane (AEM) was used to separate the bioanode and desalination compartments, whereby, and cation exchange membrane (CEM) was used to separate the desalination and biocathode compartments. Mixed bacterial species and mixed microalgae were utilized for inoculation of the bioanode and biocathode, respectively. The results revealed that maximum and average desalination efficiencies of saline seawater fed to the desalination compartment were 80 ± 1 % and 72 ± 1.2 %, respectively. Maximum and average removal efficiencies of the sewage organic content in the anodic compartment were up to 99.3 ± 0.5 % and 91.0 ± 0.8 %, respectively associated with maximum power output of 430.7 ± 0.7 mW/m3. In spite of the heavy growth of the mixed bacterial species and microalgae as well, no fouling of AEM and CEM was observed during the entire period of operation. Kinetic study demonstrated that Blackman model described well the bacterial growth. Dense and healthy growth of biofilm and the microalgae in the anodic and cathodic compartments, respectively were clearly observed during the operation period. The promising outcomes of this investigation demonstrated that the suggested approach is a potential sustainable option for simultaneous desalination of saline seawater for potable water supply, biotreatment of sewage, and power generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Sadeq
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Zainab Z Ismail
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cheng L, Mao Y, Jiang L, Ma R, Ma J, Zhuo Y, Shen Q, Liu C, Zhao L, Xu X, Ji F. Mn(VII) enhanced by CaSO 3 to remove trace organic pollutants in high salt organic wastewater: Further enhancement of salinity. Chemosphere 2023; 334:138964. [PMID: 37211162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The high concentration of salt in organic wastewater has a strong inhibitory effect on the removal of pollutants. A method for the efficient removal of trace pollutants in high-salinity organic wastewater was developed. This study investigated the effect of the combination of permanganate [Mn(VII)] and calcium sulfite [S(IV)] on pollutant removal in hypersaline wastewater. The Mn(VII)-CaSO3 system removed more pollutants from high-salinity organic wastewater than from normal-salinity wastewater. Chloride (increasing from 1 M to 5 M) and low concentration of sulfate (increasing from 0.05 M to 0.5 M) significantly enhanced the system's resistance to pollutants under neutral conditions. Despite the fact that Cl- can combine with the free radicals in the system and reduce their efficiency in removing pollutants, the presence of chloride ions greatly enhances the electron transfer rate in the system, promoting the conversion of Mn(VII) to Mn(III) and significantly increasing the reaction rate of Mn(III) as the primary active species. Therefore, chloride salts can greatly enhance the removal of organic pollutants by Mn(VII)-CaSO3. Although sulfate does not react with free radicals, a high concentration of sulfate (1 M) will affect the formation of Mn(III), which greatly weakens the removal effect of the entire system on pollutants. The system can still have a good pollutant removal effect with mixed salt. Altogether, this study demonstrates that the Mn(VII)-CaSO3 system offers new possibilities for the treatment of organic pollutants in hypersaline wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linsong Cheng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yuanxiang Mao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Jiangsen Ma
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhuo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Qiushi Shen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Caocong Liu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Liuwei Zhao
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215001, China.
| | - Fangying Ji
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Alahdal HM, Ameen F, AlYahya S, Sonbol H, Khan A, Alsofayan Y, Alahmari A. Municipal wastewater viral pollution in Saudi Arabia: effect of hot climate on COVID-19 disease spreading. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:25050-25057. [PMID: 34138435 PMCID: PMC8210523 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The viral RNA of SARS-Coronavirus-2 is known to be contaminating municipal wastewater. We aimed to assess if COVID-19 disease is spreading through wastewater. We studied the amount of viral RNA in raw sewage and the efficiency of the sewage treatment to remove the virus. Sewage water was collected before and after the activated sludge process three times during summer 2020 from three different sewage treatment plants. The sewage treatment was efficient in removing SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA. Each sewage treatment plant gathered wastewater from one hospital, of which COVID-19 admissions were used to describe the level of disease occurrence in the area. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA-specific target genes (N1, N2, and E) was confirmed using RT-qPCR analysis. However, hospital admission did not correlate significantly with viral RNA. Moreover, viral RNA loads were relatively low, suggesting that sewage might preserve viral RNA in a hot climate only for a short time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadil M Alahdal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami AlYahya
- National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana Sonbol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Global Center for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 11461, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Alsofayan
- Global Center for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 11461, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alahmari
- Global Center for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 11461, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xian C, Gong C, Lu F, Wu H, Ouyang Z. The evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions from sewage treatment with urbanization: Understanding the opportunities and challenges for climate change mitigation in China's low-carbon pilot city, Shenzhen. Sci Total Environ 2023; 855:158629. [PMID: 36087675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sewage treatment provides a pathway for anthropogenic water purification that can address the growth in domestic sewage volumes due to urbanization and protect the aquatic environment. However, the process can also generate greenhouse gases (GHGs), which are sometimes termed "unrestricted" GHG emissions and are neglected by low carbon policies. A combination of a life cycle analysis (LCA), data envelopment analysis (DEA), and questionnaire survey was used to evaluate sewage treatment related GHG emissions and assess the GHG emission reduction efficiencies during 2005-2020, as well as determine the opinions of environmental managers regarding the threats to climate change mitigation posed by sewage treatment in the low carbon pilot city of Shenzhen, China. There were four main results. (1) GHG emissions from sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Shenzhen increased gradually from 0.22 Mt. CO2-eq in 2005 to 1.16 Mt. CO2-eq in 2020 with an emission intensity ranging from 0.41 to 0.58 kg CO2-eq/m3, mainly due to the indirect emissions from sludge disposal (35-57 %). Longgang administrative district was the hotspot of these GHG emissions during the study period. (2) Reductions in GHG emissions were achieved in most years since 2012 with the greatest efficiency observed in 2020. (3) Beyond the environmental managers' perceptions of the challenges in GHG mitigation, future sewage treatment may create the potential for more substantial GHG emission growth compared to the emissions from energy combustion, due to policy deficiencies, growth in sewage volumes, and the enforcement of stricter effluent quality control. (4) Several opportunities to overcome these barriers were considered including innovational environmental management, planting of constructed wetlands, and the promotion of water-saving behavior. This case study of Shenzhen has valuable implications for the synergistic governance of water pollution and climate change mitigation in megacities in China and elsewhere, enabling a move towards a future carbon-neutral society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Cheng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Haotong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Zhiyun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang M, Fan D, Su C, Pan L, He Q, Li Z, Liu C. Biotransformation of sulfamethoxazole by a novel strain, Nitratireductor sp. GZWM139: Characterized performance, metabolic mechanism and application potential. J Hazard Mater 2023; 441:129861. [PMID: 36063713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel strain, Nitratireductor sp. GZWM139 capable of efficient removal of SMX was isolated from mariculture sewage, and Nitratireductor was reported to conduct the removal of antibiotics for the first time. Strain GZWM139 exhibited desirable adaptations to environmental factors with SMX removal efficiencies more than 90 % at temperatures of 28-38 °C, pH values of 4.5-8.5, salinities of 20-30 ‰, SMX levels of 1-5 mg/L and shaking speeds of 20-260 rpm. SMX removal was a cooperated process implemented by intracellular enzymes and extracellular enzymes, and was achieved through four proposed biotransformation pathways with the occurrences of demethylation, hydroxylation, nitration, formylation, oxidation, bond cleavage and ring opening. Strain GZWM139 responded to the SMX removal process by altering properties of cell membrane and motivating activities of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant system. Genomic analysis proved the existence of functional genes relevant to the SMX removal in strain GZWM139 and provided echoing genetic insights for revealing the SMX removal mechanism. Strain GZWM139 performed efficient detoxification of SMX and accomplished simultaneous removal of SMX and nitrogen in both mariculture sewage and domestic sewage. The findings are significant to the effective elimination of SMX pollution and comprehensive cognitions on metabolic mechanisms of SMX removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Depeng Fan
- Bio-Form Biotechnology (Guangdong) Co., LTD, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Chen Su
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China.
| | - Qili He
- Bio-Form Biotechnology (Guangdong) Co., LTD, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Zilu Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wysocka I. Absorption processes in reducing the odor nuisance of wastewater. MethodsX 2023; 10:101996. [PMID: 36700119 PMCID: PMC9868873 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep social awareness, especially in highly developed countries, imposes pressure on entrepreneurs and service providers, forcing them to undertake effective actions to minimize the effects of their activities also in terms of the emission of malodorous substances. The article presents information on the absorption processes harnessed in the deodorization of gases from wastewater management and the characteristics of these gases. Avoiding emissions is not always possible, hence there is a need to conduct an inventory of such gases and use deodorization methods. The specificity of gases from wastewater management and their prevalence urge the search for cheap and easy-to-use deodorization methods. It is obvious that the selection of deodorization technology is driven by many factors and should be preceded by a thorough analysis of the possibilities and limitations of various solutions. The aim of this article is, therefore, to present the characteristics of gases from wastewater management and to discuss various technologies based on absorption processes as a technology for deodorizing such gases in order to help potential investors choose an emission-reducing method suitable for particular conditions.•Malodorous substances in wastewater management.•Deodorization using water and chemical absorption.•Deodorization using biological purification.
Collapse
|
24
|
Hao Z, Huang Y, Wang Y, Meng X, Wang X, Liu X. Enhanced degradation and mineralization of estriol over ZrO 2/OMS-2 nanocomposite: Kinetics, pathway and mechanism. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136521. [PMID: 36169050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although remarkable progresses have been achieved in the exploration of new and efficient catalytic systems for efficient degradation of estriol, there are only very few available reports providing high mineralization of estriol. Hence, it is still a serious challenge to develop the novel and efficient methods for enhanced degradation and mineralization of estriol due to its serious threat to environment and human health. Herein, this study proposes a series of ZrO2 modified manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (ZrO2/OMS-2) nanocomposites as efficient catalysts for enhanced degradation and mineralization of estriol via PMS activation at 30 °C. Among them, ZrO2/OMS-2-27% provided the highest degradation efficiency (95%) and mineralization degrees (70.1%), which exceeded most reported catalytic systems, in the catalytic degradation of estriol. These quenching tests and EPR analysis had confirmed that O2•- and 1O2 were primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ZrO2/OMS-2-27%/PMS system, contrary to the OMS-2/PMS system for which SO4•- and OH• are primary ROS. This might be due to the abundant O-containing surface functional groups of ZrO2/OMS-2-27%. This work not only provides a facile and high-efficiency methodology for the construction of Mn-based nanomaterial, but also proposes a new and efficient nano-catalyst for estriol removal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Hao
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China
| | - Yingping Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China; College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanlan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 252059, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xu Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xiaopei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu X, Chen H, Zhang S, Song W, Li J, Wang K. Study on performance of carbon source released from fruit shells and the effect on biological denitrification in the advanced treatment. Chemosphere 2022; 307:136173. [PMID: 36030946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of shortage of carbon source for biological denitrification in advanced treatment of the effluent from secondary treatment of sewage, five kinds of fruit shells (pistachio shell, peanut shell, ginkgo shell, walnut shell and hazelnut shell) were preliminarily selected from eight kinds of fruit shells for experiments of static carbon release and denitrification. The carbon release performance (amount and law of carbon release and biodegradability of released carbon) and denitrification performance of different shells were investigated. Results showed that the peanut shell had the largest amount of carbon release (0.88 mg chemical oxygen demand [COD] g-1) and the highest removal rate of nitrate (NO3--N) (76.48% ± 4.06%). However, the released carbon could not be fully utilized by denitrifying bacteria, resulting in a (205.90% ± 59.49%) increase in effluent COD compared with influent. The amounts of carbon release of ginkgo nut shell, walnut shell, and hazelnut shell were low (0.45, 0.41, and 0.43 mg COD g-1, respectively). The released carbon could not be used easily by microorganisms. Meanwhile, the contents of degradable aromatic protein and protein-like in dissolved organic matter (DOM) were low. Even the fulvic acid-like with low biodegradability also appeared in the soaking solution of the hazelnut shell. The NO3--N and total nitrogen aveage removal rates were low in these three fruit shells and showed the removals within the 54.10-57.25% range and 52.21%-54.24% range, respectively. The amount of carbon release of pistachio shell was lower than that of peanut shell. However, the released carbon of the former was more biodegradable than that of the latter. Moreover, the relative molecular mass of DOM was small, and the contents of aromatic protein and protein-like were much higher than those of the four other kinds of fruit shells. The NO3--N removal rate (71.48% ± 0.98%) of pistachio shell was only slightly lower than that of peanut shell. In conclusion, pistachio shell was the best carbon source for biological denitrification in the advanced treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Architectural Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Water Purification and Utilization Technology Based on Biofilm Process, Ministry of Education, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Architectural Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China.
| | - Shihua Zhang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Architectural Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Water Purification and Utilization Technology Based on Biofilm Process, Ministry of Education, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Architectural Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Architectural Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Architectural Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, 243002, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Taylor K, Baron KS, Gersberg RM. Effect of secondary treatment at the South Bay Ocean Outfall (SBOO) on microbial ocean water quality near the US-Mexico border. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 183:114098. [PMID: 36087483 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, density plume visualizations and statistical comparisons were made of enterococci bacteria (the main marine recreational microbial water quality indicator) densities, both before and after the upgrade of the discharge from the South Bay Ocean Outfall (SBOO) to secondary treatment level, so that the effect of this upgrade on ocean microbial water quality could be assessed. During the dry weather (bathing) season, reduction in enterococci densities was rather limited with only 2 shore stations and one kelp station showing significant reductions, and none showing increased compliance frequency. During the wet weather season, although the signature of land-based sources of bacterial pollution were evident, a majority of both shore (7 of the 11 stations) and kelp (4 of the 7 stations) stations showed statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) reductions enterococci densities pointing to the role of the upgrade to secondary treatment in improving microbial water quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Taylor
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America
| | - Kurtis S Baron
- Atkins, SNC-Lavalin Group, San Diego, CA 92130, United States of America
| | - Richard M Gersberg
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Li F, Li H, Tong Y, Li W, Xiong J, You J. Bioassay-based identification and removal of target and suspect toxicants in municipal wastewater: Impacts of chemical properties and transformation. J Hazard Mater 2022; 437:129426. [PMID: 35897175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater contains numerous chemicals and transformation products with highly diverse physiochemical properties and intrinsic toxicity; thus, it is imperative but challenging to identify major toxicants. Herein, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) was applied to identify major toxicants in a typical municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Impacts of chemical properties on the removal of contaminants and toxicity at individual treatment stages were also examined. The WWTP influent caused 100% death of Daphnia magna and zebrafish embryos, and toxicity characterization suggested that organics, metals, and volatiles all contributed to the toxicity. Toxicity identification based on 189 target and approximately one-thousand suspect chemicals showed that toxicity contributions of organic contaminants, metals, and ammonia to D. magna were 77%, 4%, and 19%, respectively. Galaxolide, pyrene, phenanthrene, benzo[a]anthracene, fluoranthene, octinoxate, silver, and ammonia were identified as potential toxicants. Comparatively, the detected transformation products elicited lower toxicity than their respective parent contaminants. In contrast, the analyzed contaminants showed negligible contributions to the toxicity of zebrafish embryos. Removal efficiencies of these toxicants in WWTP were highly related to their hydrophobicity. Diverse transformation and removal efficiencies of contaminants in WWTPs may influence the chemical compositions in effluent and ultimately the risk to aquatic organisms in the receiving waterways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Faxu Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China.
| | - Yujun Tong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Weizong Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| | - Jingjing Xiong
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510443, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wan X, Huang H, Liao Z, He H, Yue Q, Zhao F, Huang H, Huang B, Pan X. The distribution and risk of microplastics discharged from sewage treatment plants in terrestrial and aquatic compartment. J Environ Manage 2022; 314:115067. [PMID: 35452883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many microplastics (MPs) were produced in daily life, which would enter sewage treatment plants (STPs) with the wastewater. Although the STPs has a good interception effect on these MPs, there will still be a part of MPs entering the environment with the effluent and sludge treatment, causing a certain ecological risk. This study investigated the abundance, characteristics and retention of MPs in different STPs, as well as the ecological risks caused by MPs entering the environment. The abundance of MPs in influent and effluent was ranged from 2.02 to 2.50 items L-1 and 0.27-0.48 items L-1, respectively. The abundance of MPs in dewatered sludge and sediment of Lake Dianchi was ranged from 3.719-6.949 × 103 items (kg Ds)-1 and 1.84-5.23 × 103 items (kg Ds)-1, respectively. So roughly 80% of the MPs were trapped and transferred into the dewatered sludge. The observed colors of MPs were transparent, black, blue, red, pale brown, green and gray, and their main species were polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). To further evaluate the ecological risks of MPs, the oyster mushroom was cultivated in a medium supplemented with MPs. It was found that MPs could be absorbed by oyster mushrooms with a 7-11% of absorption rate, the fibers were widely distributed in the stipes and the pileus. This study had theoretical significance for exploring the distribution of MPs in STPs and clarifying the ecological risk posed by MPs in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Haiyou Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhicheng Liao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huan He
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Qingsong Yue
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fenqing Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming 650500, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kalinowska A, Pierpaoli M, Jankowska K, Fudala-Ksiazek S, Remiszewska-Skwarek A, Łuczkiewicz A. Insights into the microbial community of treated wastewater, its year-round variability and impact on the receiver, using cultivation, microscopy and amplicon-based methods. Sci Total Environ 2022; 829:154630. [PMID: 35307432 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Apart from chemical constituents, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents also release microorganisms that can be important to the receiving water bodies either from a sanitary point of view, or taking to the account the biogeochemical potential of the recipients. However, little is known about the treated wastewater microbial community, its composition, seasonal changes, functions and fate in the waters of the receiver. Thus, this study presents a synergistic approach coupling new and traditional methods: analytical chemistry, classical microbiology (cultivation- and microscopy-based methods), as well as Next Generation Sequencing and a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results show that in terms of bacterial community composition, treated wastewater differed from the environmental samples, irrespectively if they were related or unrelated to the WWTP effluent discharge. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) taking into account chemical parameters and taxonomical biodiversity indirectly confirmed the seasonal deterioration of the treated wastewater quality as a result of temperature-driven change of activated sludge community structure and biomass washout (observed also by DAPI staining). Despite seasonal fluctuations of total suspended solids and inter-related parameters (such as COD, BOD, TN, TP), the treated wastewater quality remained within current discharge limits. It was due to treatment processes intensively adjusted by WWTP operators, particularly those necessary to maintain an appropriate rate of autotrophic processes of nitrification and to support biological phosphorus removal. This can explain the observed microbiome composition similarity among WWTP effluents at high taxonomic levels. Obtained data also suggest that besides wastewater treatment efficiency, WWTP effluents are still sources of both human-related microorganisms as well as bacteria equipped in genes involved in N-cycling. Their potential of participation in nutrients cycling in the receivers is widely unknown and require critical attention and better understanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kalinowska
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Mattia Pierpaoli
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Jankowska
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Fudala-Ksiazek
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Anna Remiszewska-Skwarek
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Aneta Łuczkiewicz
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu WX, Li F, Yao BJ, Ding LG, Kan JL, Liu F, Zhao GY, Wang S, Dong YB. Synthesis of covalent organic frameworks via Kabachnik-Fields reaction for water treatment. J Hazard Mater 2022; 433:128831. [PMID: 35417807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Providing safe and clean domestic water for people is currently one of the greatest worldwide issues. In this context, heavy metal ions and pathogenic microbes are the two major factors in water pollution. The conventional water treatment methods, however, are generally high-energy and high-resource consumptive. Herein, we report, the first of its kind, the room-temperature synthesis of α-aminophosphonate-linked COFs via three-component one-pot in situ Kabachnik-Fields reaction (KF-3CR). Due to the coexistent bioactive α-aminophosphonate and photosensitive porphyrin, the obtained APCOF-1 exhibits highly efficient solar-powered bactericidal and heavy metal ion removal abilities, which allows it to be a promising COF-based multifunctional material for water treatment in an energy- and resource-saving way. Specifically, by incorporating APCOF-1 (up to 50 wt%) with eco-friendly and low-cost chitosan, an APCOF-1 @chitosan aerogel-based helical setup is fabricated via a facile templated freeze-drying approach and it can be a continuous flow-through water purifier model to achieve scaled-up water treatment through adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions and sunlight-driven sterilization. We believe that this research not only can significantly enrich the synthetic methodology of COFs, but also will hopefully bring COFs one step closer to the practical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiu Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Bing-Jian Yao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| | - Luo-Gang Ding
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Jing-Lan Kan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Guo-Yan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Wen hua Road 88, Jinan 250014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kirishima Y, Choeisai P, Khotwieng W, Hatamoto M, Watari T, Choeisai K, Panchaban P, Wong-Asa T, Yamaguchi T. Efficiency of high rate treatment of low-strength municipality sewage by a pilot-scale combination system of a sedimentation tank and a down-flow hanging sponge reactor. Environ Technol 2022; 43:2457-2466. [PMID: 33563141 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1882584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor that is sponge-based trickling filter was considered to be an alternative aerobic treatment system for low strength sewage treatment under tropical conditions. This study aims to determine the process performance of the DHS reactor combined with a pre-treatment sedimentation tank (SED) system installed at the municipality sewage treatment plant in Khon Kaen, Thailand over, 1,600 days. The DHS reactor was operated with three operational periods: low (0.2 kgBODm3 per day), high (0.5-1.3 kgBODm3 per day), and super rates (1.7-2.2. kgBODm3 per day). The results showed effective reductions in biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids by more than 74% and 78%, respectively, during the entire experimental period. Moreover, the final effluent met the Thailand discharge standard with an external short hydraulic retention time of 0.2 h. In addition, the combined system facilitates simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and effectively removed up to 43% of total nitrogen. The self-degradation of the organic compounds occurs owing to the retained sludge in the DHS reactor; this leads to undisputed clogging in sponge media. Therefore, the combined SED-DHS system could be an appropriate sewage treatment system for tropical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pairaya Choeisai
- Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Masashi Hatamoto
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takahiro Watari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Krit Choeisai
- Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li ZH, Wang JX, Lu M, Zhang T, Wang XC, Li WW, Yu HQ. Hospital sewage treatment facilities witness the fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic. J Environ Manage 2022; 309:114728. [PMID: 35180439 PMCID: PMC8843341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Real-time evaluation of the fighting activities during a sudden unknown disaster like the COVID-19 pandemic is a critical challenge for control. This study demonstrates that the temporal variations of effluents from hospital sewage treatment facilities can be used as an effective indicator for such evaluation. Taking a typical infection-suffering city in China as an example, we found that there was an obvious decrease in effluent ammonia and COD concentrations in line with the start of city lockdown, and its temporal variations well indicated the major events happened during the pandemic control. Notably, the lagging period between the change point of effluent residual chlorine and the change points of COD and ammonia concentration coincided with a period in which there was a deficiency in local medical resources. In addition, the diurnal behavior of effluents from designated hospitals has varied significantly at different stages of the pandemic development. The effluent ammonia peaks shifted from daytime to nighttime after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting a high workload of the designated hospitals in fighting the rapidly emerging pandemic. This work well demonstrates the necessary for data integration at the wastewater-medical service nexus and highlights an unusual role of the effluents from hospital sewage treatment facilities in revealing the status of fighting the pandemic, which helps to control the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Jia-Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717-2400, USA
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Wen-Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fallahiarezoudar E, Ahmadipourroudposht M, Yakideh K, Ngadiman NA. An eco-environmental efficiency analysis of Malaysia sewage treatment plants: an incorporated window-based data envelopment analysis and ordinary least square regression. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:38285-38302. [PMID: 35075563 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18742-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most human activities that use water produced sewage. As urbanization grows, the overall demand for water grows. Correspondingly, the amount of produced sewage and pollution-induced water shortage is continuously increasing worldwide. Ensuring there are sufficient and safe water supplies for everyone is becoming increasingly challenging. Sewage treatment is an essential prerequisite for water reclamation and reuse. Sewage treatment plants' (STPs) performance in terms of economic and environmental perspective is known as a critical indicator for this purpose. Here, the window-based data envelopment analysis model was applied to dynamically assess the relative annual efficiency of STPs under different window widths. A total of five STPs across Malaysia were analyzed during 2015-2019. The labor cost, utility cost, operation cost, chemical consumption cost, and removal rate of pollution, as well as greenhouse gases' (GHGs) emissions, all were integrated to interpret the eco-environmental efficiency. Moreover, the ordinary least square as a supplementary method was used to regress the efficiency drivers. The results indicated the particular window width significantly affects the average of overall efficiencies; however, it shows no influence on the ranking of STP efficiency. The labor cost was determined as the most influential parameter, involving almost 40% of the total cost incurred. Hence, higher efficiency was observed with the larger-scale plants. Meanwhile, the statistical regression analysis illustrates the significance of plant scale, inflow cBOD concentrations, and inflow total phosphorus concentrations at [Formula: see text] on the performance. Lastly, some applicable techniques were suggested in terms of GHG emission mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fallahiarezoudar
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, East of Guilan, University of Guilan, 44918, Roudsar, Guilan, Iran.
| | - Mohaddeseh Ahmadipourroudposht
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Islamic Azad University (Lahijan Branch), Lahijan, Guilan, Iran
| | - Keikhosro Yakideh
- Department of Management, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, 41996, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
| | - NorHasrul Akhmal Ngadiman
- Department of Materials, Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fu X, Hou R, Yang P, Qian S, Feng Z, Chen Z, Wang F, Yuan R, Chen H, Zhou B. Application of external carbon source in heterotrophic denitrification of domestic sewage: A review. Sci Total Environ 2022; 817:153061. [PMID: 35026271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The carbon source is essential as an electron donor in the heterotrophic denitrification process. When there is a lack of organic carbon sources in the system, an external carbon source is needed to improve denitrification efficiency. This review compiles the effects of liquid, solid and gaseous carbon sources on denitrification. Sodium acetate has better denitrification efficiency and is usually the first choice for external carbon sources. Fermentation by-products have been demonstrated to have the same denitrification efficiency as sodium acetate. Compared with cellulose-rich materials, biodegradable polymers have better and more stable denitrification performance in solid-phase nitrification, but their price is higher than the former. Methane as a gaseous carbon source is studied mainly by aerobic methane oxidation coupled with denitrification, which is feasible using methane as a carbon source. Liquid carbon sources are better controlled and utilized than solid carbon sources and gaseous carbon sources. In addition, high carbon to nitrogen ratio and hydraulic retention time can promote denitrification, while high dissolved oxygen (DO>2.0 mg L-1) will inhibit the denitrification process. At the same time, high temperature is conducive to the decomposition of carbon sources by microorganisms. This review also considers the advantages and disadvantages of different carbon sources and cost analysis to provide a reference for looking for more economical and effective external carbon sources in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Fu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rongrong Hou
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peng Yang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shengtao Qian
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuqing Feng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha, Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, 100875, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfang Yuan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Huilun Chen
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Beihai Zhou
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pryce D, Khalil AME, Memon FA. Investigating the environmental costs of utilizing graphene-based adsorbents and pulsed power oxidation for the removal of emerging contaminants from urban wastewater. Sci Total Environ 2022; 817:152985. [PMID: 35026249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants continue to pose a threat to environmental quality that warrant mitigation. Novel technologies are being investigated that offer promise in their removal, yet it is important that the environmental costs of these treatments do not overshadow their benefits. With sustainability a key priority in global infrastructure development, insights into the environmental impact of new technologies is necessitated. In the present work, the environmental burden of three novel GBM (graphene-based material) filters (porous graphene, graphene oxide-based foam and hybrid combination) are quantified and compared at a flow rate of 1 m3/d by way of life cycle impact assessment with an alternative solution, an AOP-PPT (advanced oxidation process by pulsed power treatment). Initial results demonstrated negligible differences in overall environmental impact between the three GBM filter formats (7.7-7.9 pt), while significant asymmetry was observed with the AOP-PPT that incurred a total impact score of 67.9 pt. This disparity was attributed to the high energy demand of the AOP-PPT that was a key predictor of environmental cost in an India context due to the high proportion of non-renewable energy sourced. The GBM filters were also considered at a range of breakthrough times and contrasted against the AOP-PPT. Results showed that differences between GBM filters were negligible at all breakthrough periods and that multiple breakthroughs a day would be required before the AOP-PPT became environmentally favourable. Finally, due to the AOP-PPT affording inclusive disinfection, the environmental burden of a GBM filter was compared under different scenarios of incorporated disinfection. The total impact of the AOP-PPT achieving full disinfection was found to be 242.5 pt compared to only 26.8 pt for the GBM filter coupled with UV254 (ultraviolet 254 nm) treatment and 13.9 pt when incorporating chlorination/de-chlorination. These findings should support sustainable development goals when combating prevailing emerging contaminants in municipal wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Pryce
- College of Environment, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QF, United Kingdom.
| | - Ahmed M E Khalil
- College of Environment, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - Fayyaz A Memon
- College of Environment, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Makan A, Gouraizim M, Fadili A. Sustainability assessment of wastewater treatment systems using cardinal weights and PROMETHEE method: case study of Morocco. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:19803-19815. [PMID: 34718984 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17215-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To cope with water scarcity, Morocco needs to integrate the reuse of treated wastewater fully into its water management strategies. However, this option imposes several concerns about the appropriate wastewater treatment system (WWTS) whose performance is balanced by technical, environmental, financial, and societal sustainability. To deal with these challenges, the present study aims to assess the sustainability of five WWTS using the cardinal (CAR) and PROMETHEE methods. After hierarchizing the criteria and identifying the WWTS, two separate surveys were performed in order to rank criteria and alternatives by preference strength. The delivered rankings were converted, then, respectively into cardinal weights (criteria) and cardinal scores (alternatives). The PROMETHEE rankings showed that the membrane systems are the most sustainable followed by trickling filters, while the infiltration-percolation is the least sustainable WWTS. The activated sludge and lagoon systems were incomparable using PROMETHEE I partial ranking, and they were both ranked in the third position of sustainability. In contrast, PROMETHEE II complete ranking favored the activated sludge than lagoon systems due to its slightly high net outranking flow. The stability intervals indicated that the weights of all criteria could not affect the two first actions, which is mainly due to the high precision and robustness of the CAR method in eliciting weights. Finally, each criterion affected variably the sustainability of WWTS according to their characteristics, but overall, the process efficiency is the key factor (21.07% of weight) to reaching higher sustainability levels in addition to gaseous emissions (12.41% of weight), flexibility (8.32% of weight), and energy requirement (7.50% of weight).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhadi Makan
- Team of Water and Environmental Management (G2E), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSAH), Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Gouraizim
- Team of Water and Environmental Management (G2E), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSAH), Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Fadili
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Ouarzazate (FPO), Ibn Zohr University, 45000, Ouarzazate, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ye J, Yang M, Ding X, Tan W, Li G, Fang S, Wang H. Fixed-bed column dynamics of ultrasound and Na-functionalized diatomite to remove phosphate from water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:12441-12449. [PMID: 34231150 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A continuous fixed-bed column study was used to evaluate phosphate adsorption performance of U-D-Na which was functionalized by the cheap NaCl reagent after simple ultrasonic purification of diatomite. In this work, various effect factors, including flow rate, initial phosphate concentration, and the bed height, on breakthrough performance of fixed column were investigated. Experimental results demonstrated that the breakthrough time declined with the increase of inlet phosphate concentration and feed rate, whereas the increase of bed height turned out to significantly extend the breakthrough time. The dynamic adsorption process could be well fitted by the Thomas model, with a correlation coefficient R2 > 0.9000 under main operating conditions. A thrice loop of effective regeneration was achieved with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid eluent and deionized water. The maximum removal rate for phosphate was more than 95% in the column adsorption process. The results proved that U-D-Na could be used as a better alternative phosphate adsorbent for wastewater in a continuous column sorption process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxiu Ye
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guizhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuju Fang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Okubo T, Tagawa T, Takahashi M, Iguchi A, Oshiki M, Araki N, Kubota K, Tawfik A, Uemura S, Harada H. Full-scale application of a down-flow hanging sponge reactor combined with a primary sedimentation basin for domestic sewage treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022. [PMID: 35098375 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02689-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor is advantageous for sewage treatment since it produces an effluent quality that complies with the standards for reuse and there is little excess sludge. A full-scale DHS module was efficiently employed for the treatment of domestic sewage (200 m3 day-1) flowing from a primary sedimentation basin (PSB), which was used to reduce the suspended solids loading rate and enhance the oxidation of organics by heterotrophs. The combined PSB-DHS was successfully operated at a total hydraulic retention time of 3.4 h (2.4 h for PSB and 1.0 h for DHS) for the relatively long period of 600 days at sewage temperatures of 10 °C to 32 °C. The PSB-DHS consistently produced an effluent quality with minimum values of chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and suspended solids of 59 ± 15, 12 ± 3.0, and 15 ± 7 mg L-1, respectively. The proposed system performed exceptionally well at removing organics and particulate matter over a short hydraulic retention time.
Collapse
|
39
|
Pereira AL, de Oliveira PM, Faria-Junior C, Alves EG, de Castro E Caldo Lima GR, da Costa Lamounier TA, Haddad R, de Araújo WN. Environmental spreading of clinically relevant carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli: the occurrence of bla KPC-or-NDM strains relates to local hospital activities. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:6. [PMID: 34979901 PMCID: PMC8725513 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aquatic matrices impacted by sewage may shelter carbapenem-resistant (CR) Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) harboring resistance genes of public health concern. In this study, sewage treatment plants (STPs) servicing well-defined catchment areas were surveyed for the presence of CR-GNB bearing carbapenemase genes (blaKPC or blaNDM). Results A total of 325 CR-GNB were recovered from raw (RS) and treated (TS) sewage samples as well as from water body spots upstream (UW) and downstream (DW) from STPs. Klebsiella-Enterobacter (KE) group amounted to 116 isolates (35.7%). CR-KE isolates were recovered from TS, DW (35.7%) and RS samples (44.2%) (p = 0.001); but not from UW samples. KE isolates represented 65.8% of all blaKPC or blaNDM positive strains. The frequency of blaKPC-or-NDM strains was positively associated with the occurrence of district hospitals located near STPs, as well as with the number of hospitalizations and of sewer connections serviced by the STPs. blaKPC-or-NDM strains were recovered from ST samples in 7 out of 14 STPs, including four tertiary-level STPs; and from 6 out of 13 DW spots whose RS samples also had blaKPC-or-NDM strains. Conclusions Clinically relevant GNB bearing blaKPC-or-NDM resist sewage treatments and spread into environmental aquatic matrices mainly from STPs impacted by hospital activities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02400-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Leite Pereira
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília. Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil.
| | - Pâmela Maria de Oliveira
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília. Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Célio Faria-Junior
- Central Laboratory for Public Health (LACEN-DF), SGAN 601, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, CEP: 70830-010, Brazil
| | - Everton Giovanni Alves
- Central Laboratory for Public Health (LACEN-DF), SGAN 601, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, CEP: 70830-010, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís Alves da Costa Lamounier
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília. Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Haddad
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília. Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| | - Wildo Navegantes de Araújo
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília. Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul, Brasília, DF, CEP: 72220-275, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
John JF, Jagannathan M, Rajendran AR, Mohanapriya P, Natarajan TS, Dhinasekaran D. Sustainable multilayer biomass carbon and polymer hybrid column as potential antibacterial water filter. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131691. [PMID: 34392197 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stipulation of fresh water for domestic use without any microbial, organic and inorganic contaminants is of high need. Sustainable, efficient, cost-effective and robust water purification technologies is of high need and it can be achieved using nanomaterials and their composite. Nanostructured graphene has unique properties like high surface to volume ratio, higher absorbability, reusability with minimal chemical alterations, and low cytotoxicity. From the validation of these properties, we have developed PLLA-Ag@graphene sandwich structures as an effective adsorbate for water purification application. As the real water bodies have lot of bacterial contaminants, the material is also designed as efficient adsorbate with antibacterial efficacy. In view of achieving these objectives, we have synthesized PLLA fibre mats by electrospinning method, followed by PLLA-Graphene and Ag decorated PLLA-graphene mats. The crystallite size for graphite and Ag@graphene was calculated as 30.82 nm and 43.79 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the UV analysis of Ag@graphene shows two peaks corresponding to graphene and Ag NP at 285 nm and 407 nm respectively. The layers were assembled in the order of polymeric fibre, as-fired biomass graphite, Ag@graphene for methodical filtration process. The filtration efficacy of the filtrate was tested using sewage water and the results shows higher contamination removal percentage of 87 % with TDS values in the drinking water standards after filtration. The antibacterial efficacy results also evidence of the potentialities of the hybrid system towards water purification application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josfel Flora John
- Department of Medical Physics, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - Mohanraj Jagannathan
- Department of Medical Physics, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025, India
| | - Ajay Rakkesh Rajendran
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu J, Zhang L, Qiu S, He Q, Zhang Q, Peng Y, Peng Y. Insight into the mechanism of nitritation establishment through external fermented sludge addition. Bioresour Technol 2021; 341:125763. [PMID: 34411940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel strategy for nitritation establishment through external fermented sludge addition is proposed. The nitrifying activities under various fermentation times were assessed; batch tests results revealed that the decay rate of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (0.53 ± 0.08 d-1) was much higher than that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (0.15 ± 0.04 d-1), during alkaline fermentation with high endogenous free ammonia concentrations (0.57-138.79 mg·L-1). The long-term effects of fermented sludge addition were constantly monitored in an anaerobic/oxic/anoxic sequencing batch reactor. During 60 days of operation, the nitrite accumulation rate reached above 90% and could be maintained stably. Total inorganic nitrogen removal achieved 94.7%, with an average external sludge reduction rate of 61.3%, after incorporation of the sludge addition. Illumina MiSeq sequencing demonstrated that nitrite oxidizing bacteria were successfully eliminated and the relative abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria remained at 0.39%, resulting in nitrite accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Shengjie Qiu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yi Peng
- SDIC Xinkai Water Environment Investment Co., Ltd, Beijing 101100, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lucas-Solis O, Moulatlet GM, Guamangallo J, Yacelga N, Villegas L, Galarza E, Rosero B, Zurita B, Sabando L, Cabrera M, Gimiliani GT, Capparelli MV. Preliminary Assessment of Plastic Litter and Microplastic Contamination in Freshwater Depositional Areas: The Case Study of Puerto Misahualli, Ecuadorian Amazonia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 107:45-51. [PMID: 33576853 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We quantify plastic litter (PL, > 2 cm) and microplastics (MP, < 5 mm) from the sediments of a beach formed at a riverine depositional area, at the upper Amazon River basin, Ecuador. In the collection area (4400 m2), the PL density was 0.045 items m-2, where low-density polyethylene bags were the prevalent PL. The beach was classified as "very clean" (Clean Coast Index (CCI) of 1.3 items m-2). Regarding MP, in 55 sampling stations, average MP concentrations ranged from 0 to 2200 items kg-1 of dry sediment (0.5-2 mm), and 0-4200 items kg-1 of dry sediment (2-5 mm). Blue fibers were the prevalent MP. Our results represent the first report to show the ubiquitous presence of PL and MP for the area. The monitoring and management of plastic disposal in freshwater beaches are necessary, as here we report a small part of an undocumented issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Lucas-Solis
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Gabriel M Moulatlet
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Jeniffer Guamangallo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Naomi Yacelga
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Lipsi Villegas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, vía a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Emily Galarza
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Bryan Rosero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Bryan Zurita
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Lizeth Sabando
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador
| | - Marcela Cabrera
- Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia del Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador
| | | | - Mariana V Capparelli
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y Agua, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, km 7, via a Muyuna, Tena, Napo, Ecuador.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dalu T, Banda T, Mutshekwa T, Munyai LF, Cuthbert RN. Effects of urbanisation and a wastewater treatment plant on microplastic densities along a subtropical river system. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:36102-36111. [PMID: 33686602 PMCID: PMC8277625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Global freshwaters are increasingly threatened by pollutants emanating from human activities around watersheds. Microplastic pollution is an increasing problem for rivers worldwide, potentially threatening ecological integrity, ecosystem services and human health. We present quantifications and characterisations of sediment microplastic pollution in a subtropical river system in southern Africa, and relate distributions to wastewater treatment works, abiotic variables and urban environments. We additionally apply several diversity indices to decipher how microplastic types differ across the river system seasonally. Over two thousand microplastic particles were found across five sites and three seasons in the river system, comprising microbeads of various colours and microfibres. Microplastic concentrations were highest and most diverse in the hot-wet (mean range 76.0 ± 10.0-285.5 ± 44.5 microplastic kg-1) season as compared to the cool-dry (16.5 ± 4.5-27.0 ± 5.0 microplastic kg-1) and hot-dry (13.0 ± 4.0-29.0 ± 10.0 microplastic kg-1) seasons, and were mostly dominated by microfibres. However, no clear patterns were found in relation to wastewater treatment operations spatially, or in relation to abiotic variables in the river system. This study therefore finds a diverse range of microplastic types widely distributed in the river system that differ across seasons. Our results provide important, novel insights into plastic pollution in an understudied area of the Global South, and point to extensive pollution from sources outside of wastewater treatment works.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatenda Dalu
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa.
| | - Thabiso Banda
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Thendo Mutshekwa
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Linton F Munyai
- Aquatic Systems Research Group, Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Su C, Sun X, Mu Y, Li P, Li J, Fan P, Zhang M, Wang M, Chen X, Feng C. Multilayer calcium alginate beads containing Diatom Biosilica and Bacillus subtilis as microecologics for sewage treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117603. [PMID: 33483083 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Organic matter pollution and heavy metal pollution have become one of the main problems in water recycling, and the strategy to simultaneously remove soluble organic matter and metal ions is crucial for sewage treatment. In this study, multilayer calcium Alginate beads (n-Alg-DBs-Bas) containing Diatom Biosilica (DBs) and Bacillus subtilis (Bas) were designed as microecologics for sewage treatment. The introduction of DBs in beads and the multilayer structure could promote Bas growth, prolong the stability of the beads, and enhance the adsorption of beads, further improve the sewage treatment efficiency. The organic matter degradation of 3 layered Alg-DBs-Bas reached to 68.23 ± 0.95 % of COD and 58.88 ± 0.84 % of NH4+-N, and the metal ion adsorption was up to 119.31 mg/g for Fe3+, 110.81 mg/g for Zn2+ and 141.34 mg/g for Cu2+. The prepared multilayer calcium alginate beads combined organic matter degradation and metal ions absorption, which is significant for environmental applications.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang M, Pan L, Su C, Liu L, Dou L. Simultaneous aerobic removal of phosphorus and nitrogen by a novel salt-tolerant phosphate-accumulating organism and the application potential in treatment of domestic sewage and aquaculture sewage. Sci Total Environ 2021; 758:143580. [PMID: 33223174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) pollution are the worldwide challenging problem. In the present study, a new salt-tolerant phosphate-accumulating organism (PAO) was isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis GHSP10. Strain GHSP10 did not produce hemolysin and showed high susceptibility to antibiotics. The favorable phosphorus removal C/N ratios, P/N ratios, temperature, salinities, pH values and shaking speeds of strain GHSP10 were 10-20, 0.1-0.2, 28 °C, 0-3%, 7.5-8.5 and 100-250 r/min. Besides, strain GHSP10 could conduct heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification and the maximal removal efficiencies of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were 99.52%, 81.10% and 95.84% respectively. Moreover, the phosphorus removal process of strain GHSP10 was achieved under entirely aerobic conditions, and glycogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate could provide energy source for the phosphorus removal process of strain GHSP10. The amplification of ppk, hao, napA, narG, nirK genes as well as the expression of polyphosphate kinase helped to reveal the removal pathways of phosphorus and nitrogen, providing theoretical support for the phosphorus removal, nitrification and aerobic denitrification abilities of strain GHSP10. Furthermore, efficient removal of phosphorus and nitrogen from both domestic sewage and aquaculture sewage could be accomplished by strain GHSP10. This study may provide a hopeful candidate strain for simultaneous removal of phosphorus and nitrogen pollution from both freshwater sewage and saline sewage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, China.
| | - Chen Su
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, China
| | - Le Dou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jansen F, Dorny P, Gabriël S, Dermauw V, Johansen MV, Trevisan C. The survival and dispersal of Taenia eggs in the environment: what are the implications for transmission? A systematic review. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:88. [PMID: 33514421 PMCID: PMC7845101 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Taenia spp. are responsible for a substantial health and economic burden in affected populations. Knowledge of the fate of the eggs of Taenia spp. in the environment and of other factors facilitating the transmission of eggs to intermediate hosts is important for the control/elimination of infections caused by Taenia spp. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize current knowledge of the factors influencing the survival and dispersal of Taenia spp. eggs in the environment. Publications retrieved from international databases were systematically reviewed. Of the 1465 papers initially identified, data were ultimately extracted from 93 papers. The results of this systematic review indicate that survival is favoured at moderate temperatures (0–20 °C). Humidity seems to affect the survival of Taenia spp. eggs more than temperature. Under field circumstances, Taenia spp. eggs have been found to survive for up to 1 year. Taenia spp. eggs are commonly found on vegetables (0.9–30%) and in soil and water samples (0–43%), with their presence posing a risk to the consumer. Invertebrates may act as transport hosts, transferring the infection to an intermediate host, but the importance of this route of transmission is still open to question. Wastewater treatment systems are not capable of entirely eliminating Taenia spp. eggs. Access to surface water and the use of sewage sludge as fertilizer on pastures are important risk factors for bovine cysticercosis. Although information on the survival and spread of Taenia spp. eggs is available, in general the data retrieved and reviewed in this article were old, focused on very specific geographical regions and may not be relevant for other areas or not specific for different Taenia spp. Furthermore, it is unknown whether egg survival differs according to Taenia sp. Future studies are necessary to identify sustainable methods to identify and inactivate parasite eggs in the environment and reduce their spread. ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Famke Jansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Dorny
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Gabriël
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 133 Salisburylaan, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Veronique Dermauw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Vang Johansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 100 Dyrlægevej, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Chiara Trevisan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 155 Nationalestraat, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Han Y, Yang T, Han C, Li L, Liu J. Study of the generation and diffusion of bioaerosol under two aeration conditions. Environ Pollut 2020; 267:115571. [PMID: 33254721 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Given that studies on actual sewage treatment plants are often affected by environmental conditions, it is challenging to clearly understand the associated bioaerosol generation and diffusion characteristics during the aeration process. Therefore, to enhance understanding in this regard, in this study, bioaerosol generator was used to simulate bioaerosol generation and diffusion under two aeration modes, i.e., bubble bottom aeration and brush surface aeration. The total concentration range of culturable bacteria in the bioaerosol produced by bubble bottom aeration and that produced by brush surface aeration were 300-3000 CFU/m3. Under bubble bottom aeration, the generated bioaerosol was symmetrically distributed around the source point, whereas under brush surface aeration, it was primarily distributed in the forward direction of the rotating brush surface. These bioaerosols from bubble bottom aeration predominantly consisted of particles with sizes below 3.3 μm, particularly those with sizes in the range 1.1-2.1 μm. On the contrary, the bioaerosols produced via brush surface aeration predominantly consisted of particles with sizes above 3.3 μm. The distribution characteristics of population structure in the two aeration modes were consistent with the distribution characteristics of concentration in the corresponding models. Additionally, the results showed that when the aeration process is unaffected by environmental conditions (particle matters, wind direct, wind speed, etc.), the bioaerosol components originate primarily from the parent sewage or sludge, and do not diffuse far from the source point. Therefore, source reduction (capping or sealing) can be recommended as the primary control strategy for bioaerosols in sewage treatment plants. The adoption of such measures will significantly limit the diffusion of bioaerosols, thereby reducing the potential risks associated with human exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, PR China.
| | - Tang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, PR China.
| | - Chao Han
- Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, PR China.
| | - Junxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bunse P, Orschler L, Agrawal S, Lackner S. Membrane aerated biofilm reactors for mainstream partial nitritation/anammox: Experiences using real municipal wastewater. Water Res X 2020; 9:100066. [PMID: 32984802 PMCID: PMC7494511 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of Membrane-Aerated Biofilm Reactors (MABRs) for mainstream nitrogen removal via partial nitration/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Four laboratory-scale MABRs were operated with real municipal wastewater characterized by low concentrations of nitrogen (varying between 31 and 120 mg-NH4-N L-1) and the presence of biodegradable organic carbon (soluble COD (sCOD) between 7 and 230 mg-O2 L-1). Two reactors were operated with different aeration strategies (intermittent vs. continuous), the other two with differences in biomass retention (recirculation or removal of detached biomass). Keeping a constant HRT caused instabilities due to difficulties with setting the optimal oxygen flux for the respective surface loadings (1.6-6 g-NH4-N m-2 d-1). Operating the MABRs with a constant surface loading (2 g-NH4-N m-2 d-1) resulted in higher and more stable total nitrogen (TN) removal independent of the aeration strategy. The intermittently aerated MABR improved from an average TN removal of 23%-69%, the continuously aerated MABR from 20% to 50% TN removal. Independent of the feeding strategy, the continuously aerated reactor removed slightly more ammonium (80-95%) compared to the intermittently aerated reactor (74-93%). Limiting the oxygen supply by intermittent aeration proofed successful to favor partial nitritation and anammox. Continuous aeration did not achieve stable suppression of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Of the removed ammonium, approx. 26% were left in the effluent as nitrate (only 10% with intermittent aeration). Recirculation of the detached biomass resulted in reattachment onto the biofilm or membrane surface. This recirculation led to significantly higher biomass retention times and thus to better performance. Removing detached biofilm from the reactor caused a slightly lower TN removal of 33% compared to 45% with reattachment, while average ammonium removal was 58% compared to 63%, respectively. Scouring events had a significant impact on the overall operation, resulting in short term losses of TN removal capacities of 50-100%. The microbial community composition was different depending on the aeration strategy and biomass retention. The continuously aerated reactor contained significantly more AOB than the intermittently aerated MABR. The reactor with biomass retention contained less ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB), compared to the reactor with low biomass retention. In all MABRs, anammox bacteria established in the biofilm after an initial drop in abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Bunse
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences, Institute IWAR, Chair of Wastewater Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Laura Orschler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences, Institute IWAR, Chair of Wastewater Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Shelesh Agrawal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences, Institute IWAR, Chair of Wastewater Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Susanne Lackner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences, Institute IWAR, Chair of Wastewater Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu B, Tang J, Li Z, Yan Y, Chen J. Optimal Selection of Sewage Treatment Technologies in Town Areas: A Coupled Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model. Environ Manage 2020; 66:709-721. [PMID: 32725384 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-020-01338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of sewage treatment technologies has made many treatment options available in towns. Selecting the most appropriate alternative (MAA) can make the best use of existing resources to achieve the optimal effect, which has become a topical issue in academic circles. The Liao River basin in China is an important area for agricultural cultivation and animal husbandry, but it also suffers from water shortages and pollution. In this study, the fuzzy set theory (FST), the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) were combined as a scientific and effective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model to optimize the sewage treatment technologies in town areas of the Liao River basin. It was found that compared with natural treatment technologies (such as constructed wetlands, stabilization ponds, etc.) and combination technologies (i.e., a combination of various technologies), single small-scale sewage treatment plant technologies (such as activated sludge process or sequencing batch reactor with small daily capacity) were more suitable for those areas. The indicator of construction costs was critical in this model, and the fluctuation of its weight might change the MAA. This study aims to provide a decision support framework for the future optimization of sewage treatment technologies in towns by combining economic, environmental, and social issues, rather than just focusing on the technical aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Liu
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jie Tang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yu Yan
- China Northeast Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, China's Ministry of Construction, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingshu Chen
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Campos CJA, Teixeira Alves M, Walker DI. Long term reductions of faecal indicator organisms in Chichester Harbour (England) following sewerage infrastructure improvements in the catchment. Sci Total Environ 2020; 733:139061. [PMID: 32446055 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative information relating sewerage infrastructure schemes to microbial water quality improvements in recreational and shellfish harvesting areas is lacking. In this study, we assessed the effect of two sewerage schemes on concentrations of faecal indicator organisms (FIO) in Chichester Harbour, an important oyster fishery and water recreation area in the UK. The sewerage schemes comprised the installation of activated sludge and UV disinfection plants and increase in the storage capacity of storm tanks at sewage treatment works that discharge to tidal waters. Analysis of FIO data covering the period 2007-2018 indicated log-order reductions in FIO concentrations in the harbour after the sewerage schemes, which was reflected by better compliance with the E. coli and enterococci limits for "excellent" of the Bathing Waters Directive. Mean concentrations of E. coli in shellfish reduced ≤0.5log10 and compliance of commercial shellfish beds with the limits of Regulation (EC) No 854/2004 either maintained or upgraded to class B status during the 11-year period. However, compliance with the guideline E. coli standard of the Shellfish Water Protected Areas Directions was not consistently achieved. We suggest that better harmonisation of monitoring practices used in the various statutory programmes would help in understanding if the observed discrepancy in FIO compliance between waters and shellfish is due to actual pollution levels at compliance sites or other factors. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that fortnightly sampling can provide data to evidence long-term water quality improvements following sewerage schemes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J A Campos
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth DT48UB, UK; Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East Nelson 7010, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand.
| | | | - David I Walker
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth DT48UB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|