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Hou T, Zhou Y, Du R, Liu J, Li W, Zhang S, Li M, Chu J, Meng L. Insights into effects of thermotolerant nitrifying and sulfur-oxidizing inoculants on nitrogen-sulfur co-metabolism in sewage sludge composting. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 144:76-86. [PMID: 38802240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, high temperature thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria (TNB) and high temperature thermotolerant sulfide oxidizing bacteria (TSOB) were obtained from compost samples and inoculated into sewage sludge (SS) compost. The effects of inoculation on physical and chemical parameters, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide release, nitrogen form and sulfur compound content change and physical-chemical properties during nitrogen and sulfur conversion were studied. The results showed that inoculation of TNB and TSOB increased the temperature, pH, OM degradation, C/N ratio and germination index (GI) of compost. Compared with the control treatment (CK), the addition of inoculants reduced the release of NH3 and H2S, and transformed them into nitrogen and sulfur compounds, the hydrolysis of polymeric ferrous sulfate was promoted, resulting in relatively high content of sulfite and sulfate. At the same time, the physical and chemical properties of SS have a strong correlation with nitrogen and sulfur compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hou
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Rongchun Du
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Hebei University of Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safety, Qinhuangdao 066102, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Muzi Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Junhong Chu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liqiang Meng
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150010, China.
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2
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Zhang S, Wang L, Zhou B, Zhang D, Tang G, Guo L. Characteristics of humification, functional enzymes and bacterial community metabolism during manganese dioxide-added composting of municipal sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119151. [PMID: 38754608 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess effects of MnO2 addition (CK-0%, T1-2% and T2-5%) on humification and bacterial community during municipal sludge (MS) composting. The results suggested that MnO2 addition inhibited the growth of Nitrospira but stimulated Nonomuraea, Actinomadura, Streptomyces and Thermopolyspora, facilitating the lignocellulose degradation and humification with the increase in organic matter degradation by 13.8%-19.2% and humic acid content by 10.9%-20.6%. Compared to CK, the abundances of exoglucanase (EC:3.2.1.91), endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC:3.2.1.136) and endomannanase (EC:3.2.1.78) increased by 88-99, 52-66 and 4-15 folds, respectively. However, 5%-MnO2 induced the enrichment of Mizugakiibacter that harms the environment of agricultural production. The addition of 2%-MnO2 was recommended for MS composting. Furthermore, metabolic function analysis indicated that MnO2 addition altered amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, especially enhancing propanoate metabolism and butanoate metabolism but inhibiting citrate cycle. Structural equation modeling revealed that Nonomuraea and Actinomadura were the main drivers for lignocellulose degradation. This study provided theoretical guidance in regulating humification via MnO2 for MS composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China; Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China.
| | - Liujian Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China
| | - Bingjie Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China
| | - Dewei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China
| | - Gang Tang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China
| | - Lina Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, China
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3
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Zhao M, Luo Z, Wang Y, Liao H, Yu Z, Zhou S. Phage lysate can regulate the humification process of composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 178:221-230. [PMID: 38412754 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Phages play a crucial role in orchestrating top-down control within microbial communities, influencing the dynamics of the composting process. Despite this, the impact of phage-induced thermophilic bacterial lysis on humification remains ambiguous. This study investigates the effects of phage lysate, derived explicitly from Geobacillus subterraneus, on simulated composting, employing ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing techniques. The results show the significant role of phage lysate in expediting humus formation over 40 days. Notably, the rapid transformation of protein-like precursors released from phage-induced lysis of the host bacterium resulted in a 14.8 % increase in the proportion of lignins/CRAM-like molecules. Furthermore, the phage lysate orchestrated a succession in bacterial communities, leading to the enrichment of core microbes, exemplified by the prevalence of Geobacillus. Through network analysis, it was revealed that these enriched microbes exhibit a capacity to convert protein and lignin into essential building blocks such as amino acids and phenols. Subsequently, these components were polymerized into humus, aligning with the phenol-protein theory. These findings enhance our understanding of the intricate microbial interactions during composting and provide a scientific foundation for developing engineering-ready composting humification regulation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhibin Luo
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yueqiang Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hanpeng Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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4
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Ji Y, Cao Y, Wang Y, Wang C, Qin Z, Cai W, Yang Y, Yan S, Guo X. Effects of adding lignocellulose-degrading microbial agents and biochar on nitrogen metabolism and microbial community succession during pig manure composting. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117400. [PMID: 37838195 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the influence of the additions of lignocellulose-degrading microbial agents and biochar on nitrogen (N) metabolism and microbial community succession during pig manure composting. Four treatments were established: CK (without additives), M (lignocellulose-degrading microbial agents), BC (biochar), and MBC (lignocellulose-degrading microbial agents and biochar). The results revealed that all treatments with additives decreased N loss compared with CK. In particular, the concentrations of total N and NO3--N were the highest in M, which were 21.87% and 188.67% higher than CK, respectively. Meanwhile, the abundance of denitrifying bacteria Flavobacterium, Enterobacter, and Devosia reduced with additives. The roles of Anseongella (nitrifying bacterium) and Nitrosomonas (ammonia-oxidizing bacterium) in NO3--N transformation were enhanced in M and BC, respectively. N metabolism pathway prediction indicated that lignocellulose-degrading microbial agents addition could enhance N retention effectively mainly by inhibiting denitrification. The addition of biochar enhanced oxidation of NH4+-N to NO2--N and N fixation, as well as inhibited denitrification. These results revealed that the addition of lignocellulose-degrading microbial agents individually was more conducive to improve N retention in pig manure compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Ji
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanzhuan Cao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenghui Qin
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenrun Cai
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuangdui Yan
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
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5
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Ren X, Jiao M, Zhang Z, Syed A, Bahkali AH. The efficient solution to decline the greenhouses emission and enrich the bacterial community during pig manure composting: Regulating the particle size of cornstalk. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129596. [PMID: 37541547 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
In present study, four lengths of chopped cornstalks were amended with pig manure respectively for 100 days aerobic fermentation, which aimed to evaluate the impact of different length of agricultural solid wastes on gaseous emission and dominating bacterial community succession and connection. The result revealed that the maximum ammonia volatilization was observed in 5 cm of straw samples attributed to the prominent mineralization, which was opposite to the emission of CH4 and N2O. As for global warming potential, the minimum value was detected in 5 cm of straw samples, which decreased by 5.03-24.75% compared with other samples. Additionally, the strongest correlation and complexity of bacterial community could be detected in 5 cm of straw treatment, representing the most vigorous bacterial metabolic ability could be recorded by optimizing the microbial habitat. Therefore, in order to decline the greenhouse effect in livestock manure composting, the 5 cm of corn straw was recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuna Ren
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Minna Jiao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Song Y, Sun L, Wang H, Zhang S, Fan K, Mao Y, Zhang J, Han X, Chen H, Xu Y, Sun K, Ding Z, Wang Y. Enzymatic fermentation of rapeseed cake significantly improved the soil environment of tea rhizosphere. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:250. [PMID: 37679671 PMCID: PMC10483718 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapeseed cake is an important agricultural waste. After enzymatic fermentation, rapeseed cake not only has specific microbial diversity but also contains a lot of fatty acids, organic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, which has potential value as a high-quality organic fertilizer. However, the effects of fermented rapeseed cake on tea rhizosphere microorganisms and soil metabolites have not been reported. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of enzymatic rapeseed cake fertilizer on the soil of tea tree, and to reveal the correlation between rhizosphere soil microorganisms and nutrients/metabolites. RESULTS The results showed that: (1) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake increased the contents of soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), and available phosphorus (AP); increased the activities of soil urease (S-UE), soil catalase (S-CAT), soil acid phosphatase (S-ACP) and soil sucrase (S-SC); (2) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake increased the relative abundance of beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms such as Chaetomium, Inocybe, Pseudoxanthomonas, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, and Stenotrophomonas; (3) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake increased the contents of sugar, organic acid, and fatty acid in soil, and the key metabolic pathways were concentrated in sugar and fatty acid metabolisms; (4) The application of enzymatic rapeseed cake promoted the metabolism of sugar, organic acid, and fatty acid in soil by key rhizosphere microorganisms; enzymes and microorganisms jointly regulated the metabolic pathways of sugar and fatty acids in soil. CONCLUSIONS Enzymatic rapeseed cake fertilizer improved the nutrient status and microbial structure of tea rhizosphere soil, which was beneficial for enhancing soil productivity in tea plantations. These findings provide new insights into the use of enzymatic rapeseed cake as an efficient organic fertilizer and expand its potential for application in tea plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Song
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Litao Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yilin Mao
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Kangwei Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhaotang Ding
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Zhang J, Wu Z, Huang Y, Zhan X, Zhang Y, Cai C. Industrial-scale composting of swine manure with a novel additive-yellow phosphorus slag: Variation in maturity indicators, compost quality and phosphorus speciation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129356. [PMID: 37336445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Composting experiment of swine manure, adding with yellow phosphorus slag(YPS) at 5% (w/w), was conducted in an industrial-scale reactor covered with semi-permeable membrane. During 27 days of composting, the changes in temperature, compost quality and phosphorus(P) speciation of products were monitored. Results indicated that the temperature of compost pile was sharply increased on day 2, and the thermophilic period lasted for 15 days. The dynamics in germination index(GI), pH, nutrient contents, etc. of products were in line with conventional composting process. For P distribution, the contents of total-P and citric acid extracted-P(CAP) of products were increased during composting, while that of Olsen-P was decreased. HCl extracted inorganic P(HCl-Pi), a slowly release fraction of P, was dominated in the product, which showed an increasing trend during the composting. These results suggest that the industrial-scale composting with novel YPS additive can be accomplished, and its product contains abundant slowly released P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongran Wu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanghua Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering Department, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Youchi Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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8
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Aydın Temel F. Evaluation of the influence of rice husk amendment on compost quality in the composting of sewage sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 373:128748. [PMID: 36791979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of rice husk addition on compost quality and maturity in sewage sludge composting using a pilot scale aerated in-vessel reactor. During the composting process, changes in compost quality and physicochemical factors including pH, temperature, moisture content, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) were monitored. In the pile containing 25% rice husk, the lowest losses occurred with 52.49% for TOC and 23.24% for TN, while C/N ratio in the final compost was 18.82, achieving mature and quality compost. The moisture contents of the final composts were found as 50.72% in the control group while it was 31.73% and 28.18% in the reactors containing 10% and 25% rice husk, respectively. These results suggested that rice husk addition was beneficial for reducing moisture content and balancing the C/N ratio in sewage sludge composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Aydın Temel
- Giresun University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Giresun 28200, Turkey
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Chang H, Zhao Y, Li X, Damgaard A, Christensen TH. Review of inventory data for the biological treatment of sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 156:66-74. [PMID: 36442328 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The biological treatment of municipal sewage sludge, including anaerobic digestion and composting, was reviewed with the purpose of establishing inventory data to address all the inputs and outputs related to sludge treatment. We identified 193 scientific papers, resulting in 64 datasets on anaerobic digestion and 35 datasets on composting. For anaerobic digestion, biogas production varied significantly (up to a factor of four) depending on the sludge. A useful correlation was identified between the amount of methane produced and the degradation of volatile solids. According to statistical tests, no significant differences were found in biogas production for mesophilic and thermophilic digesters. In addition, methane content varied significantly, and very few data were available for digestate composition or for energy consumption and recovery. For composting, accurate estimates relating to the degradation of sewage sludge could not be made, since organic bulking materials were part of the final composted product. Data on emissions to air are currently scarce, which points to the need for more published information. The inventory data evaluated herein are useful in the feasibility assessment of the biological treatment of sewage sludge, for comparing technologies, for example in LCA studies and as a basis for evaluating the performance of a specific biological sludge treatment plant. However, a great deal of the reviewed data originated from laboratory and pilot-scale studies, and so there is a need for more complete datasets on the performance of full-scale technologies, in order to establish full inventories and identify differences in technologies and operational conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Anders Damgaard
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Thomas H Christensen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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10
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Yu B, Chen T, Wang X, Yang J, Zheng G, Fu L, Huang X, Wang Y. Insights into the effect mechanism of back-mixing inoculation on sewage sludge biodrying process: Biodrying characteristics and microbial community succession. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159460. [PMID: 36257443 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Back mixing was frequently used to replace conventional bulking agenting, however, however, the internal effect mechanism was unclear. This study compared four bulking agents: mushroom residue (MR), MR + primary BM (BM-P), BM-P, and secondary BM (BM-S). The effect mechanism of back mixing (BM) inoculation was assessed based on biodrying performance and microbial community succession. Four trials (Trial A, Trial B, Trial C, and Trial D) reached maximum temperatures of 61.9, 68.8, 73.7, and 69.9 °C on days 6, 3, 2, and 2, respectively. Application of BM increased pile warming rate and resulted in higher temperatures. Temperature changes and microbial competition lead to decline in microbial diversity and richness during the biodrying process. Microbial diversity increased of four biodried products. The number of microorganisms shared by Trial A, Trial B, Trial C, and Trial D were 90, 119, 224, and 300, respectively. The addition of BM improved microbial community stability, and facilitating the initiation of biodrying process. Microbial genera that played an important role in the biodrying process included Ureibacillus, Bacillus, Sphaerobacter, and Tepidimicrobium. Based on these results, it was concluded that BM was efficient method to enhanced the microbial activity and reduced the usage of bulking agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiankai Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lili Fu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Xue Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yagen Wang
- Beijing Greentech Technology Group Co.Ltd., Beijing 100080, China
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11
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Chen L, Li W, Zhao Y, Zhang S, Meng L. Mechanism of sulfur-oxidizing inoculants and nitrate on regulating sulfur functional genes and bacterial community at the thermophilic compost stage. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116733. [PMID: 36372033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The emission of H2S odors predominantly occurred at the thermophilic phase of composting, which could cause odorous gas pollution and reduce the fertilizer value of composting products. And sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) possess oxidative capacities for inorganic sulfur compounds with nitrate applied as electron acceptors. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of combined additives (SOB inoculants and nitrate) on the bacterial community diversity, sulfur-oxidizing gene abundances, and metabolic function prediction at the thermophilic stage of sewage sludge composting. The highest sulfate contents were increased by 1.02-1.34 folds, and the abundances of the sulfur-oxidizing genes (sqr, pdo, sox, and sor) were also enhanced by adding the combined additives. Network patterns revealed a strengthened interaction of inoculants and sulfur functional genes. Microbial functional pathways predicted higher metabolic levels of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms with the addition of combined additives, and the predicted relative abundances of sulfur metabolism and nitrogen metabolism were increased by 19.3 ± 2.5% and 24.7 ± 4.1%, respectively. Heatmap analysis showed that the SOB might have a competitive advantage over the indigenous denitrifying bacteria in using nitrate for biochemical reactions. Correlation analyses suggested that sulfur-oxidizing efficacy could be indirectly affected by the environmental parameters through changing the structure of bacterial community. These findings provide new insights toward an optimized inoculation strategy of using SOB and nitrate to enhance sulfur preservation and modulate the bacterial communities at the thermophilic phase of sewage sludge composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Liqiang Meng
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150010, China
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12
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Zhao Y, Li W, Chen L, Meng L, Zhang S. Impacts of adding thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria on nitrogenous gas emissions and bacterial community structure during sewage sludge composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128359. [PMID: 36423768 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of inoculation with bacterial inoculum containing three thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria strains on nitrogenous gas (mainly NH3 and N2O) emissions and bacterial structure during the sludge composting. The results of physicochemical parameters indicated that inoculation could prolong the thermophilic phase, accelerate degradation of organic substances and improve compost quality. Compared with the non-inoculated treatment, the addition of bacterial agents not only increased the total nitrogen content by 8.7% but also reduced the cumulative NH3 and N2O emissions by 32.2% and 34.6%, respectively. The bacterial inoculation changed the structure and diversity of the microbial community in composting. Additionally, the relative abundances (RA) of bacteria and correlation analyses revealed that inoculation increased the RA of bacteria involved in nitrogen fixation. These results suggested that inoculation of thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria was beneficial for reducing nitrogen loss, nitrogenous gas emissions and regulating the bacterial community during the composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Li Chen
- School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liqiang Meng
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Science, Harbin 150010, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Science, Harbin 150010, China
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13
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Mei J, Li B, Su L, Zhou X, Duan E. Effects of potassium persulfate on nitrogen loss and microbial community during cow manure and corn straw composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127919. [PMID: 36089132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Strong oxidants can reduce the emission of NH3 during composting. But as a commonly used oxidant, the influence of persulfate on nitrogen transformation during composting is unclear. In this study, the effects of 0.3 %-1.2 % potassium persulfate (PS) on nitrogen losses and microbial community during air-dried cow manure composting were investigated. The results showed that PS could reduce nitrogen losses compared to the control. This was because it decreased pH and the maximum NH4+-N content of treatments, which was beneficial to nitrogen retention. In addition, Pseudoxanthomonas and Chelativorans were enriched compared to the control, which might be associated with NH4+-N transformation and nitrogen fixation. Meanwhile, PS increased the abundance of thermophilic lignocellulose degrading bacteria, and 0.3 % and 0.6 % PS increased the maximum temperature and the duration of the thermophilic period. This study indicated that PS could reduce nitrogen losses in composting and greatly influence nitrogen transforming and lignocellulose degrading bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Ben Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lianghu Su
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment and Ecology, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Enshuai Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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14
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Ma C, Chen X, Zheng G, Liu N, Zhao J, Zhang H. Exploring the influence mechanisms of polystyrene-microplastics on sewage sludge composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127798. [PMID: 35995344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To explore the influence mechanisms of polystyrene-microplastics (PS-MPs) on sewage sludge composting and put forward relevant composting adjustment strategies, a 30-day sewage sludge (SS) composting experiment was conducted by adding 0%, 0.5%, and 1% (w/w) PS-MPs. The addition of PS-MPs reduced compost temperature, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and the degradation of volatile solids (2.6%-4.8%), and inhibited the activities of key enzymes (β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase) but increased urease activity in the thermophilic phase. Moreover, PS-MPs altered the relative abundance of dominant bacteria and changed the relevance of main enzymes and bacterial communities. Moreover, high levels of PS-MPs inhibited the contribution of dominant bacterial to alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase. Redundancy analysis revealed that PS-MPs affected the composting process mainly through reduced MBC at the mesophilic phase and temperature at the thermophilic phase. Thus, regulating MBC and temperature in specific phases could help overcome the adverse effects of PS-MPs on composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Jihong Zhao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
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15
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Xu Z, Li R, Liu T, Zhang G, Wu S, Xu K, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Kang J, Zhang Z, Quan F, Zhang Y. Effect of inoculation with newly isolated thermotolerant ammonia-oxidizing bacteria on nitrogen conversion and microbial community during cattle manure composting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115474. [PMID: 35751273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen loss during composting is closely related to NH4+-N conversion, and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are important microorganisms that promote NH4+-N conversion. Since the biological activity of conventional AOB agents used for compost inoculation declines rapidly during the thermophilic phase of composting, new compound inoculants should be developed that are active during that phase. In the current study, the effects of inoculating cattle manure compost with newly isolated AOB (5%, v/w) [thermotolerant AOB X-2 strain (T-AOB-2), mesophilic AOB X-4 strain (M-AOB-4), and AOB X-2 combined with AOB X-4 (MT-AOB-2-4)] on the conversion of nitrogen, compost maturity, and the resident microbial community were studied. During 35 days of composting, compared with the control, AOB inoculation reduced NH3 emissions by 29.98-46.94%, accelerated the conversion of NH4+-N to NO2--N, increased seed germination values by 13.00-25.90%, and increased the abundance of the microbial community at the thermophilic phase (16.38-68.81%). Network analysis revealed that Bacillaceae play a crucial role in the composting process, with the correlation coefficients: 0.83 (p < 0.05) with NH3, 0.64 (p < 0.05) with NH4+-N, and 0.81 (p < 0.05) with NO2--N. In addition, inoculation with MT-AOB-2-4 notably increased the total nitrogen content of compost, prolonged the sanitation stage, and promoted compost maturity. Hence, MT-AOB-2-4 may be used to increase the microbial community abundance and improve the efficiency of cattle manure composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Shenghui Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Kaili Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yingbing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Jian Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Fusheng Quan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China.
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16
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Municipal Sewage Sludge Composting in the Two-Stage System: The Role of Different Bulking Agents and Amendments. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15145014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of different lignocellulosic amendments and bulking agents on compost stability (based on a 4 day respiration activity test, AT4, and self-heating factor, SHF) and maturity (based on the nitrification index Initr and the ratio of C in humic acids, HA, to total organic carbon, TOC, in compost, CHA/TOC). With all feedstock compositions (FCs), the share of sewage sludge was 79% (wet mass). For FC1, wood chips (13.5%) and wheat straw (7.5%) were used as bulking agents and amendments; for FC2, instead of wood chips, energy willow was added; for FC3, pine bark (13.5%) and conifer sawdust (7.5%) were used. All FCs produced stable and mature compost; however, with FC2, the thermophilic phase last 3 days longer than with the other FCs. Moreover, an AT4 value below 10 g O2/kg dry mass (d.m.) was obtained the earliest with FC2 (after 45 days, ca. 15–20 days earlier than with other FCs). With FC2, Initr below 0.5 was obtained in ca. 60 days, 10 days earlier than with FC3 and 30 days earlier than with FC1. The highest net increases in HS (86.0 mg C/g organic matter (OM)) and HA (56.3 mg C/g OM) were also noted with FC2; with other FCs, the concentrations of these compounds were from 1.3- to 1.5-fold (HS) and from 1.4- to 1.9-fold (HA) lower. With FC2, the highest CHA/TOC (15.5%) was also noted, indicating that this compost contained the largest share of the most stable form of organic carbon. The rates of OM removal in the bioreactor ranged from 7.8 to 10.1 g/(kg d.m.·day). The rates of SH and HA formation ranged from 1.63 to 4.83 mg C/(g OM·day) and from 1.23 to 1.80 mg C/(g OM·day), respectively. This means that, through the choice of the amendments and bulking agents, the length of the composting time needed to obtain a stable and mature product can be controlled.
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17
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Wedwitschka H, Hayes A, Ibanez DG, Jenson E, Liebetrau J, Nelles M, Stinner W. Material characterization and conditioning of cattle feedlot manure as feedstock for dry batch anaerobic digestion. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 138:210-218. [PMID: 34902683 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The focus of the study was to determine the suitability of cattle feedlot manure originating from clay-pack feedlots as a possible feedstock material for dry batch anaerobic digestion. Oedometer tests were carried out that measure the permeability and compressibility of the feedstock under practical conditions experienced in large-scale dry batch anaerobic digestion plants. Material characterization tests showed that feedlot manure was impermeable under compression and therefore unsuitable for percolation. Mixtures of feedlot manure, wood chips (3 %ww) and wheat straw (6 %ww) showed superior permeability under compression compared to feedlot manure alone with an 56% increased permeability. Further practical tests showed that dry digestion of feedlot manure mixtures led to methane yields of 99 mL/g VS which equals 86% of the material biochemical methane potential (BMP). High percolation rate and low inoculum recycle led to the highest specific methane yield (SMY) and digester productivity with implications on process design to reduce capital investment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Wedwitschka
- Department Biochemical Conversion, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexander Hayes
- Department Bio Industrial Services, InnoTech Alberta, PO Bag 4000, HWY 16A and 75 Street, Vegreville AB T9C 1T4, Canada
| | - Daniela Gallegos Ibanez
- Department Biochemical Conversion, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Earl Jenson
- Department Bio Industrial Services, InnoTech Alberta, PO Bag 4000, HWY 16A and 75 Street, Vegreville AB T9C 1T4, Canada
| | - Jan Liebetrau
- Rytec GmbH, Pariser Ring 37, D-76532 Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Michael Nelles
- Department Biochemical Conversion, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; Department Waste and Resource Management, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Walter Stinner
- Department Biochemical Conversion, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
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18
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Wang G, Yang Y, Kong Y, Ma R, Yuan J, Li G. Key factors affecting seed germination in phytotoxicity tests during sheep manure composting with carbon additives. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126809. [PMID: 34388932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The germination index (GI) was widely applied to evaluate the phytotoxicity of compost. This study investigated the key phytotoxicity factors affecting seed germination in compost by using aqueous extracts in seed germination tests. The relationship between water-soluble substances in compost and seed germination, and their association with the microbial community were identified. In this study, sheep manure (SM) composted along or with three carbon additives (mushroom substrate, MS; cornstalks, CS; garden substrate, GS) for 49 days and, during this time, changes in multiple physical-chemical parameters, carbon and nitrogen matters, germination indexes (GI) and the compost microbiome were monitored. The results showed that all additives decreased water-soluble total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and low molecular weight organic acids, and significantly improved the seed germination indexes (seed germination rate, radical length and GI). The GI was correlated with water-soluble carbon degradation products (TOC, butyric acid, humic acid) and certain bacteria (Planifilum, Oceanobacillus, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_005 and Saccharomonospora). A structural equation model revealed that the main factors affecting seed germination were TOC (SM compost), acetic acid (SM+MS compost), humic acid (SM+CS compost), and pH (SM+GS compost). Low TOC and low molecular weight organic acids contents and higher humic acid content promoted GI. The research results could provide theoretical basis and measures for directional regulation of compost maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yilin Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruonan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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19
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Jiang J, Wang Y, Yu D, Zhu G, Cao Z, Yan G, Li Y. Comparative evaluation of biochar, pelelith, and garbage enzyme on nitrogenase and nitrogen-fixing bacteria during the composting of sewage sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125165. [PMID: 33894451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of garbage enzyme (GE), pelelith (PL), and biochar (BC) on nitrogen (N) conservation, nitrogenase (Nase) and N-fixing bacteria during the composting of sewage sludge. Results showed that the addition of GE, PL, and BC reduced NH3 emissions by 40.9%, 29.3%, and 67.4%, and increased the NO3-N contents of the end compost by 161.4, 88.2, and 105.8% relative to control, respectively, thus increasing the TN content. Three additives improved Nase, cellulase, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDA) activities and the abundances of nifH gene, and the largest increase was BC, followed by PL and GE. In addition, the additives also markedly influenced the succession of N-fixing bacteria, and significantly increased the abundance of Proteobacteria during the whole process. The BC and PL additions strengthened the sensitivity of N-fixing bacteria to environmental variables, and FDA, TN, moisture content, and NO3-N significantly affected the N-fixing bacteria at genus level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Dou Yu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Guifen Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Guangxuan Yan
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
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20
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Xu Z, Xu W, Zhang L, Ma Y, Li Y, Li G, Nghiem LD, Luo W. Bacterial dynamics and functions driven by bulking agents to mitigate gaseous emissions in kitchen waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125028. [PMID: 33813180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impacts of different bulking agents (i.e. garden waste, cornstalks, and spent mushroom substrates) on bacterial structure and functions for gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting. High-throughput sequencing was integrated with functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX) to decipher the bacterial structure and functions. Results show that adding cornstalks constructed a more complex and mutualistic bacterial network to enhance organic biodegradation. This scenario, however, aggravated the emission of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide with the enrichment of the genus Bacillus and Desulfitibacter at the thermophilic stage of composting to facilitate ammonification and sulphur-related respiration, respectively. By contrast, spent mushroom substrates facilitated the proliferation of the genus Pseudomonas to promote nitrate reduction at the cooling stage, leading to considerable emission of nitrous oxide. Compared to these two agents, garden waste contained less easily biodegradable substances to limit bacterial mutualism, thereby reducing gaseous emissions in composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wenjia Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lanxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yu Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yanming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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21
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Cao L, Liao L, Su C, Mo T, Zhu F, Qin R, Li R. Metagenomic analysis revealed the microbiota and metabolic function during co-composting of food waste and residual sludge for nitrogen and phosphorus transformation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145561. [PMID: 33592475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper used bagasse as a composting additive and bulking agent in order to investigate the aerobic composting process of food waste and residual sludge. Accordingly, the variations of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, microbiota and metabolic function during the composting process were systematically explored. Three piles with residual sludge, food waste and bagasse mass ratios of 1:1:1, 2:1:1 and 4:1:1 were set. The ammonia nitrogen content in the three compost piles were 3.18 mg/g, 4.68 mg/g and 5.84 mg/g at the end of composting. The final available phosphorus content of the three piles were 3.42 mg/g, 6.70 mg/g and 11.21 mg/g, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that absorption peaks attributed to amines, amino acids and amides appeared in the 1:1:1 pile. Metagenomic analysis of the glycolysis and ammonia transformation pathways showed that the total relative abundance of key enzyme genes for the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in the three plies were 0.326%, 0.213% and 0.248%, respectively. The total relative abundance of 2 glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH2), glud1-2 and E1,4,1,4 dehydrogenases in the three piles was 0.125%, 0.151% and 0.160%, respectively, as the main enzymes for the mutual conversion of ammonia and glutamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Liming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China; University Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environmental Change of Guangxi Province (Guangxi Normal University), 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Tianhao Mo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Fenghua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Ronghua Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Ruting Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
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22
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Ren X, Wang Q, Chen X, He Y, Li R, Li J, Zhang Z. Pathways and mechanisms of nitrogen transformation during co-composting of pig manure and diatomite. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124914. [PMID: 33690057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the pathways and mechanisms of nitrogen transformation during the composting process, by adding diatomite (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) into initial mixtures of pig manure and sawdust. The results revealed that diatomite facilitated the conversion from NH4+-N to amino acid nitrogen and hydrolysis undefined nitrogen, then reduced NH3 and N2O emission by 8.63-35.29% and 14.34-73.21%, respectively. Moreover, the structure and abundance of nitrogen functional genes provided evidence for nitrogen loss. Furthermore, compared with the control (0.03), the treatment blended with 10% diatomite (T3) had the highest value in composting score (-1.27). Additionally, the ratio of carbon and nitrogen (57.30%) was vital for reducing nitrogen loss among all physio-chemical parameters in this study. In conclusion, adding diatomite was a practical way to enhance nitrogen conservation and increase quality of end products, and the optimum added dosage was at 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuna Ren
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Xing Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Yifeng He
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No.2, Haidian District, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University and Suzhou ViHong Biotechnology, Wuzhong District, 215128 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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Jiang J, Wang Y, Yu D, Yao X, Han J, Cheng R, Cui H, Yan G, Zhang X, Zhu G. Garbage enzymes effectively regulated the succession of enzymatic activities and the bacterial community during sewage sludge composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 327:124792. [PMID: 33561791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated nitrogen transformation, enzymatic activities and bacterial succession during sewage sludge composting with and without garbage enzymes (GE and CK, respectively). The results showed that GE addition significantly increased fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDA), cellulase, and nitrogenase activities during the composting process. GE addition reduced the cumulative NH3 emissions by 66.5%, increased the peak NH4-N content by 26.3% and increased the total nitrogen (TN) content of the end compost by 39.2% compared to CK. Microbiological analysis revealed that GE addition significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes during the thermophilic and cooling phases relative to CK. The selected factors affected the bacterial community composition in the following order: NH4-N > TOC > FDA > TN > C/N. Network analysis also showed that the enzymes were secreted mainly by Bacillus and norank_f_Caldilineaceae in GE, while they were secreted primarily by norank_f_Methylococcaceae in CK during the composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Dou Yu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Xing Yao
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Jin Han
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Ronghui Cheng
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Huilin Cui
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Guangxuan Yan
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Guifen Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
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24
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Che J, Bai Y, Li X, Ye J, Liao H, Cui P, Yu Z, Zhou S. Linking microbial community structure with molecular composition of dissolved organic matter during an industrial-scale composting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124281. [PMID: 33097342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and microbial community structure during an industrial-scale composting by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. The results revealed that DOM from matured compost contained primarily lignins/carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules (73.6%), the higher double bond equivalent (5.97) and aromaticity index (0.18), indicating that the molecular composition of DOM had changed substantially. Drastic changes in microbial community structure were also observed along with the DOM transformation process of composting. Network analysis further indicated that Caldicoprobacter, Bacillus, and Dechloromonas were associated with the most DOM subcategories. Caldicoprobacter could degrade carbohydrates, Bacillus accelerated the humification by transforming N-containing compounds, and Dechloromonas could degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons distributed in low O/C. These findings are helpful for understanding the molecular mechanisms of DOM transformation and humification of sludge composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Che
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yudan Bai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xi Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hanpeng Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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25
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Xiao K, Abbt-Braun G, Horn H. Changes in the characteristics of dissolved organic matter during sludge treatment: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116441. [PMID: 33022515 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) of sludge is a heterogeneous mixture of high to low molecular weight organic substances which is including proteinaceous compounds, carbohydrates, humic substances, lipids, lignins, organic acids, organic micropollutants and other biological derived substances generated during wastewater treatment. This paper reviews definition, composition, quantification, and transformation of DOM during different sludge treatments, and the complex interplay of DOM with microbial communities. In anaerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion-refractory organic matter, particularly compounds showing polycyclic steroid-like, alkane and aromatic structures can be generated after pretreatment. During dewatering, the DOM fraction of low molecular weight proteins (< 20,000 Dalton) is the key parameter deteriorating sludge dewaterability. During composting, decomposition and polymerization of DOM occur, followed by the formation of humic substances. During landfill treatment, the composition of DOM, particularly humic substances, are related with leachate quality. Finally, suggestions are proposed for a better understanding of the transformation and degradation of DOM during sludge treatment. Future work in sludge studies needs the establishment and implementation of definitions for sample handling and the standardization of DOM methods for analysis, including sample preparation and fractionation, and data integration. A more detailed knowledge of DOM in sludge facilitates the operation and optimization of sludge treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; DVGW Research Laboratories, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gudrun Abbt-Braun
- Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Harald Horn
- Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; DVGW Research Laboratories, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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