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Liu S, Zeng JL, Cheng ZW, He JL, Pang YL, Liao XD, Xing SC. Evaluation of compost quality and the environmental effects of semipermeable membrane composting with poultry manure using sawdust or mushroom residue as the bulking agent. J Environ Manage 2024; 353:120162. [PMID: 38310794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the effects of different bulking agents (sawdust and mushroom residue), on compost quality and the environmental benefits of semipermeable film composting with poultry manure were investigated. The results show that composting with sawdust as the bulking agent resulted in greater efficiency and more cost benefits than composting with mushroom residue, and the cost of sawdust for treating an equal volume of manure was only 1/6 of that of mushroom residue. Additionally, lignin degradation and potential carbon emission reduction in the sawdust group were better than those in the mushroom residue group, and the lignin degradation efficiency of the bottom sample in the sawdust group was 48.57 %. Coupling between lignin degradation and potential carbon emission reduction was also closer in sawdust piles than in mushroom residue piles, and sawdust is more environmentally friendly. The abundance of key functional genes was higher at the bottom of each pile relative to the top and middle. Limnochordaceae, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus were the core microorganisms involved in coupling between lignin degradation and potential carbon emission reduction, and the coupled relationship was influenced by electric conductivity, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the compost piles. This study provides important data for supporting bulking agent selection in semipermeable film composting and for improving the composting process. The results have high value for compost production and process application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Li Zeng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeng-Wen Cheng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Liang He
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Li Pang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Di Liao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Si-Cheng Xing
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Zhang J, Wu Z, Huang Y, Zhan X, Zhang Y, Cai C. Industrial-scale composting of swine manure with a novel additive-yellow phosphorus slag: Variation in maturity indicators, compost quality and phosphorus speciation. Bioresour Technol 2023:129356. [PMID: 37336445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Composting experiment of swine manure, adding with yellow phosphorus slag(YPS) at 5% (w/w), was conducted in an industrial-scale reactor covered with semi-permeable membrane. During 27 days of composting, the changes in temperature, compost quality and phosphorus(P) speciation of products were monitored. Results indicated that the temperature of compost pile was sharply increased on day 2, and the thermophilic period lasted for 15 days. The dynamics in germination index(GI), pH, nutrient contents, etc. of products were in line with conventional composting process. For P distribution, the contents of total-P and citric acid extracted-P(CAP) of products were increased during composting, while that of Olsen-P was decreased. HCl extracted inorganic P(HCl-Pi), a slowly release fraction of P, was dominated in the product, which showed an increasing trend during the composting. These results suggest that the industrial-scale composting with novel YPS additive can be accomplished, and its product contains abundant slowly released P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongran Wu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanghua Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering Department, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Youchi Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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3
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Piao M, Li A, Du H, Sun Y, Du H, Teng H. A review of additives use in straw composting. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:57253-57270. [PMID: 37012566 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Straw composting is not only a process of decomposition and re-synthesis of organic matter, but also a process of harmless treatment, avoiding air pollution caused by straw burning. Many factors, including raw materials, humidity, C/N, and microbial structure, may determine the composting process and the quality of final product. In recent years, many researches have focused on composting quality improvement by adding one or more exogenous substances, including inorganic additives, organic additives, and microbial agents. Although a few review publications have compiled the research on the use of additives in composting, none of them has specifically addressed the composting of crop straw. Additives used in straw composting can increase degradation of recalcitrant substances and provide ideal living surroundings for microorganism, and thus reduce nitrogen loss and promote humus formation, etc. This review's objective is to critically evaluate the impact of various additives on straw composting process, and analyze how these additives enhance final quality of composting. Furthermore, a vision for future perspectives is provided. This paper can serve as a reference for straw composting process optimization and composting end-product improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Piao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, Education Department of Jilin Province, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
- College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Ang Li
- College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Huishi Du
- College of Tourism and Geographical Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Yuwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, Education Department of Jilin Province, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
- College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Hongxue Du
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, Education Department of Jilin Province, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Honghui Teng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials and Pollution Control, Education Department of Jilin Province, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China.
- College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China.
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4
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Jia P, Wang X, Liu S, Hua Y, Zhou S, Jiang Z. Combined use of biochar and microbial agent can promote lignocellulose degradation and humic acid formation during sewage sludge-reed straw composting. Bioresour Technol 2023; 370:128525. [PMID: 36572158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of corn straw biochar (CSB) and effective microorganisms (EM) added individually or combinedly on lignocellulose degradation, compost humification, and microbial communities during sewage sludge-reed straw composting process. All the additive practices were found to significantly elevate the humification degree of compost products. The degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in different additive treatments were 20.8-31.2 %, 36.2-44.8 %, and 19.9-25.7 %, respectively, which were greatly higher than those of the control. Compared with the single uses of CSB or EM, the combined use of CSB and EM generated greater promotions in lignin and hemicellulose degradations and increase in humic acid content. By comparing the differences in microbial communities among different treatments, the CSB-EM demonstrated greater increases in activity and diversity of lignocellulose degradation-related microbes, especially for fungus. Lastly, the combined use of CSB and EM was highly recommended as a high-efficient improvement strategy for organic compost production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyin Jia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuming Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuting Hua
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shunxi Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhixiang Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Deng S, Li P, Wu Y, Tang H, Cheng S, Thunders M, Qiu J, Li Y. Eco-risk management of tylosin fermentation residues using vermicomposting. J Environ Manage 2022; 303:114126. [PMID: 34844053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tylosin fermentation residues (TFR) pose an ecotoxicological risk through antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs) and their corresponding genes (ARGs). This study evaluated the ecotoxicity of TFR to soil biological activity, and further explored the mechanisms of vermicomposting to reduce the toxicological risk. The results showed that tylosin (TYL) was moderately degradable with a half-life (t1/2) of 37.5 d, inducing 28-44% inhibition rate of nitrogen transformation in soil, and the EC50 of earthworm avoidance was 880 mg/kg. The 30-d vermicomposting reduced the pH and OM content, while increased the EC and TN content, accelerated compost maturation (C/N ratio up to 20), and enriched the microbial community. ARGs were reduced by earthworm through removal of TYL (>70% degradation, t1/2 of <20 d), inhibiting abundance of intI1 and ARBs. We conclude that vermicomposting is an efficient method for TFR treatment and its eco-risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songge Deng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peiyi Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yizhao Wu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Michelle Thunders
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand
| | - Jiangping Qiu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yinsheng Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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6
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Zhou S, Kong F, Lu L, Wang P, Jiang Z. Biochar - An effective additive for improving quality and reducing ecological risk of compost: A global meta-analysis. Sci Total Environ 2022; 806:151439. [PMID: 34742793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is considered as a promising additive with multi-benefits to compost production. However, how the biochar properties and composting conditions affect the composting process and quality and ecological risk of compost is still unclear. In the present study, we conducted a global meta-analysis based on 876 observations from 84 studies. Overall, regardless of biochar properties and composting conditions, biochar addition could significantly increase the pH (5.90%), germination index (26.6%), contents of nitrate nitrogen (56.6%), total nitrogen (9.50%), and total potassium (10.1%), and degree of polymerization (29.4%) while decrease the electrical conductivity (-5.70%), contents of ammonium nitrogen (-33.7%), bioavailable zinc (-22.9%), and bioavailable copper (-38.6%), and emissions of ammonia (-44.2%), nitrous oxide (-68.4%), and methane (-61.7%). Other compost indicators, including the carbon to nitrogen ratio and total phosphorus content, were found to be insignificantly affected by biochar addition. The responses of tested compost indicators affected by the biochar properties and composting conditions were further explored, based on which the addition of straw biochars at a rate of 10-15% was recommended due to its greater potential to improve quality of compost and reduce its ecological risk. Combining the results of linear regression analysis and structural equation model, the increase in compost pH caused by biochar addition was identified as the key mechanism for the increased nutrient content and decreased heavy metal bioavailability. These results could guide us to choose suitable kinds of biochar or develop engineered biochars with specific functionality to realize an optimal compost production mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxi Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lun Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Business School, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhixiang Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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7
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Manu MK, Wang C, Li D, Varjani S, Xu Y, Ladumor N, Lui M, Zhou J, Wong JWC. Biodegradation kinetics of ammonium enriched food waste digestate compost with biochar amendment. Bioresour Technol 2021; 341:125871. [PMID: 34523563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High concentration of NH4+-N in food waste digestate (FWD) produced from biological treatment of food waste is considered as a major threat on the composting process resulting in production of immature compost. Hence, a laboratory batch composting study was conducted to examine the feasibility of using biochar as a physical additive to ameliorate the inhibitory effect of NH4+-N and to mitigate the nitrogen loss during FWD composting. FWD was co-composted with tobacco biochar at a dosage of 0%, 2.5%, 5% or 10% (dw) in bench-scale composters with a controlled aeration system. The addition of 10% biochar enhanced the degradation rate resulting in 44% higher carbon decomposition than the control. Besides, 10% biochar amendment reduced NH3 and N loss by 58% and 5%, respectively and significantly reduced NH4+-N content to HKORC limit of < 700 mg/kg dw within 5 days showing the beneficiary impact of biochar addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Manu
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Dongyi Li
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India
| | - Yunjie Xu
- School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 311800, PR China
| | | | - Michael Lui
- Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Zhou
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 311800, PR China.
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8
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Song B, Manu MK, Li D, Wang C, Varjani S, Ladumor N, Michael L, Xu Y, Wong JWC. Food waste digestate composting: Feedstock optimization with sawdust and mature compost. Bioresour Technol 2021; 341:125759. [PMID: 34461407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Direct land application of food waste digestate (FWD) leads to 60-70% of nitrogen loss through NH3 volatilization due to its innate characteristics like high ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) (~6000 mg/kg dry matter) and high moisture content (~75%). Hence, bio stabilization of FWD through composting is a promising solution to curb the environmental and occupational hazards. Hence the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using sawdust and/or mature compost as a bulking agent to achieve effective composting. The results showed that mixing of FWD with sawdust alone or together with mature compost could produce quality compost with reduced NH4+-N (<700 mg/kg dry matter) and increased seed germination index (>80%) within 2 weeks of co-composting. Composting FWD with both sawdust and mature compost effectively reduced ~ 83% of NH3 volatilization demonstrating that this approach can effectively produce mature nitrogen enriched FWD compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Song
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - M K Manu
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Dongyi Li
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Lui Michael
- Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong
| | - Yunjie Xu
- School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 311800, China
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 311800, China.
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9
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Hernández-Gómez A, Calderón A, Medina C, Sanchez-Torres V, Oviedo-Ocaña ER. Implementation of strategies to optimize the co-composting of green waste and food waste in developing countries. A case study: Colombia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:24321-24327. [PMID: 32072422 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08103-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Green waste (GW) management is a key issue due to its high production rate and its variety of physical properties and chemical composition. Composting is a promising alternative for GW treatment and valorization. However, the presence of recalcitrant components such as lignin and cellulose increase the processing time. Strategies such as addition of co-substrates and operative modifications have improved the processing time and compost quality. Therefore, in this study, three strategies have been implemented (i) addition of unprocessed food (UF) and processed foods (PF) as co-substrates for GW to improve the nutrients composition of the substrates at the beginning of the process, (ii) addition of phosphate rock (PR) to improve product quality, and (iii) the use of two-stage composting (TSC) to accelerate the degradation. For this purpose, three treatments with the same mixture (48% GW + 21% UF + 18% PF + 13% sawdust (SW)) were conducted: (i) TA (TSC + 15% PR), (ii) TB (traditional composting +15% PR), and (iii) TC (traditional composting). TSC did not show significant differences compared with TC regarding the process and compost quality, while the addition of PR increased the phosphorus content of the product. However, TC produced the compost with the highest quality according to the Colombian legislation for soil amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Hernández-Gómez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, 680002, Colombia
| | - Arley Calderón
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, 680002, Colombia
| | - Camilo Medina
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, 680002, Colombia
| | - Viviana Sanchez-Torres
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, 680002, Colombia
| | - Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, 680002, Colombia.
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10
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Gurusamy NN, Puffer N, de Jongh C, Rodriguez Gil C, Aspray TJ. Effect of initial moisture content and sample storage duration on compost stability using the ORG0020 dynamic respiration test. Waste Manag 2021; 125:215-219. [PMID: 33711735 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biological tests are widely used to assess composting process status and finished material stability. Although compost stability is known to be influenced by moisture content (MC) and storage duration, there is a lack of data supporting boundary limits for standardised testing. Using the ORG0020 dynamic respiration test we assessed the stability of materials from different commercial composting sites processing only green waste or mixed green and food waste. Samples were tested at three different MC following adjustment with the 'fist' test within the range 40-60%. The results showed manipulation of MC within this range could have significant impact on measured stability for some but not all samples. Two samples reported significantly higher activity when MC was manipulated from ~50% to ~60%. For storage duration, samples showed significant decrease in measured activity over several weeks of cold storage. However, there was no significant difference in stability for samples tested up to nine days from receipt. The results of this research will support decisions relating to the boundary limits for moisture content and storage time for the ORG0020 test. The results will also provide insight to the wider range of biological tests used to assess compost stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha N Gurusamy
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Natalie Puffer
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Coen de Jongh
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Cristina Rodriguez Gil
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Thomas J Aspray
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK; Solidsense Ltd, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 3BA, Scotland, UK.
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11
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Siles-Castellano AB, López MJ, Jurado MM, Suárez-Estrella F, López-González JA, Estrella-González MJ, Moreno J. Industrial composting of low carbon/nitrogen ratio mixtures of agri-food waste and impact on compost quality. Bioresour Technol 2020; 316:123946. [PMID: 32769001 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The agri-food waste (AW) require amendments for composting to adjust nutritional and physicochemical deficiencies. The theoretical mixtures formulation is difficult to reach on an industrial scale. The main objective of this work was to evaluate to what extent the composition of AW-based mixtures determines the quality of the final compost produced at the industrial scale. Raw materials having the same AW share characteristics, irrespectively of the amendments added, but their compost were different. All the materials were biological stable at the cooling phase, and mature enough at the end, although the degree of humification did not match with the absence of phytotoxicity. The final compost had sufficient quality even though the AW-based raw materials have a low C/N ratio (<20) and other characteristics such as high electrical conductivity (13 mS·cm-1) and pH (<8.5) that are unfavorable for composting. The management operations during industrial composting correct the deficiencies of raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Siles-Castellano
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - María J López
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.
| | - Macarena M Jurado
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Francisca Suárez-Estrella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Juan A López-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - María J Estrella-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Joaquín Moreno
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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Abdul Rahman MH, Sadi T, Ahmad AA, Masri IN, Mohammad Yusoff M, Kamaruddin H, Shakri NA, Hamid MAA, Ab. Malek R. Inventory and composting of yard waste in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04486. [PMID: 32715140 PMCID: PMC7369616 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Composting of yard waste is one of the waste management approaches in the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. The yard waste inventory was developed in the headquarters' area and a pilot-scale study was performed on the potential compost product. The total amount of yard waste generated from June 2017 to December 2017 was 16.75 tonnes with an average generation of 0.60 tonnes per week on the dry weight (d.w.) basis. The collected yard waste consisted of three major characteristics, namely dry leaves, fresh green leaves, and grass cuttings, and a waste estimation technique was applied to determine the composition of these three elements. The acquired information was used to formulate the initial compost mixture. The wastes were then mixed with an appropriate amount of livestock manure and other wastes to obtain the optimum initial C/N ratio, which was then found in the analysis to range between 25:1 and 42:1. Meanwhile, the C/N ratios obtained from the matured compost product were from 10:1 and 15:1. Moreover, most of the compost yield ranged between 50% and 70% (w w-1 d.w. basis), while the percentage of the seed germination in the compost was over 95%. The viability of the project was indicated from the economic analysis, with benefit to cost ratio (BCR) values of more than 1. The results also suggested that the large scale composting of yard waste in MARDI was feasible and its applicability is continuous. This technique also fulfilled the objective of producing quality compost, which was suitable for agricultural use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tosiah Sadi
- Soil & Fertilizer Research Centre, MARDI, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aimi Athirah Ahmad
- Socio Economic, Market Intelligence & Agribusiness Research Center, MARDI, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Nur Alyani Shakri
- Agrobiodiversity & Environment Research Centre, MARDI, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Rashidah Ab. Malek
- Agrobiodiversity & Environment Research Centre, MARDI, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Barčauskaitė K, Žydelis R, Mažeika R. Screening of chemical composition and risk index of different origin composts produced in Lithuania. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:24480-24494. [PMID: 32304063 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The application of composts could be accompanied by potential hazards to soil and humans, caused by heavy metals and organic persistent pollutants. A total of 115 compost samples from four different origins (green waste composts, sewage sludge composts, mixed municipal waste composts after mechanical-biological treatment and mixed municipal waste compost) were collected to analyse the chemical composition, nutrients levels, seven heavy metals, 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Simulation models were used to estimate the heavy metal accumulation risk in soil and to evaluate the potential ecological risk to environment. After analysing chemical parameters of compost quality, it was found that sewage sludge composts contained the highest amounts of nitrogen (2.98%), phosphorus (4.44%) and organic matter (47.6%), and the highest potassium content (1.20%) was found in mixed municipal composts after mechanical-biological treatment. After having tested all the composts, green waste composts had the lowest content of the following nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur. High molecular weight PAHs dominated in green waste, sewage sludge and mixed municipal waste composts, and the opposite tendency was observed on mixed municipal waste composts after mechanical-biological treatment; low molecular weight PAHs were abundant. It was determined that, according to the total amount of 15 PAHs (16.54 mg kg-1 d.w.) and 7 PCBs (233.53 μg kg-1 d.w.), the most contaminated composts were produced from mixed municipal waste. As it was expected, the lowest level of PCBs (13.85 μg kg-1 d.w.) was found in green waste composts. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the shortest period in which zinc concentration in soil could increase twice is 2 years when applying continuously mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical-biological treatment. Based on Monte Carlo simulation results from repeated application of green waste composts, mixed municipal waste compost and mixed municipal waste compost after mechanical-biological treatment could double the soil background level of copper in 6 and 3 years respectively. Reducing the content of heavy metals in composts would be of great significance for minimising the damage caused by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Barčauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Instituto Al. 1, Akademija, Kėdainiai Distr, Lithuania.
| | - Renaldas Žydelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Instituto Al. 1, Akademija, Kėdainiai Distr, Lithuania
| | - Romas Mažeika
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Instituto Al. 1, Akademija, Kėdainiai Distr, Lithuania
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14
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Li W, Liu Y, Hou Q, Huang W, Zheng H, Gao X, Yu J, Kwok LY, Zhang H, Sun Z. Lactobacillus plantarum improves the efficiency of sheep manure composting and the quality of the final product. Bioresour Technol 2020; 297:122456. [PMID: 31786033 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The addition of exogenous microorganisms is one approach with potential that may also overcome the problem in northern China of slow composting in autumn and winter due to low environmental temperatures. This study investigated the use of supplements of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), strains P-8 and LP-10, on the efficiency of sheep manure composting and the quality of the final product. The composting process lasted eight weeks and, during this time, changes in multiple physical-chemical parameters and the compost microbiome were monitored. Microbiota-encoded functions, community structure and physical-chemical parameters were distinct between the two groups. 'Composting microbiota maturation index' was proposed to quantitatively compare the impact of maturation on composting microecology. The rapid improvement in composting rate (4 weeks) and quality of the final product suggest that this approach could provide both technological and economic benefits. This work reveals the tremendous potential of L. plantarum as a promoter in composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yahua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qiangchuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Huijuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
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15
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Martínez-Sabater E, García-Muñoz M, Bonete P, Rodriguez M, Sánchez-García FB, Pérez-Murcia MD, Bustamante MA, López-Lluch DB, Moral R. Comprehensive management of dog faeces: Composting versus anaerobic digestion. J Environ Manage 2019; 250:109437. [PMID: 31473397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the possibilities to manage and recycle dog faeces (DF) using biological processes, using two approaches: composting (C) and anaerobic digestion (AD). Thus, different experiments have been carried out: i) two laboratory/pilot scale experiments (self-heating and composting tests) and one, on a commercial scale; ii) two AD experiments. In both approaches, municipal waste such as the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OMSW) and urban pruning waste (GW) were used as co-substrates. The results obtained regarding the optimization of the composting process indicated that the best strategy was the use of a 1:2 ratio of DF, a 1:4 ratio of OMSW, and a 1:4 ratio of GW, according to the thermal parameters studied (temperature and cumulative quadratic exothermic index (EXI2)), and the quality of the compost obtained. A potentially limiting factor of the process was the high salinity of the DF waste. In addition, AD experiments were performed on DF, OMSW, and GW wastes in controlled anaerobic systems at a laboratory scale. In these experiments, the biogas production obtained was 229 mL biogas/g total solids for the DF residue, 248 mL biogas/g total solids for GW, and 263 mL biogas/g total solids for OMSW. The co-digestion yields a clear improvement in the efficiency of the process against the use of a single residue, increasing the production of biogas by up to 27% with respect to that of the DF waste alone during the first 25 days of AD. The results obtained with these procedures have shown the possibilities to add value to this waste in an urban context where the circular economy represents an increasingly favourable scenario, including the generation of fertilisers and/or energy at a local scale, provided that the collection of dog faeces is optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martínez-Sabater
- Dept. of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernandez University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante, 03312, Spain
| | - M García-Muñoz
- Gestión de Residuos Manchegos S.L., Av. Constitución 142, 45710-Madridejos, Toledo, Spain
| | - P Bonete
- Dpto. Química Física, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, Alicante, E-0308C0, Spain
| | - M Rodriguez
- Dpto. Ingeniería Química, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, Alicante, E-03080, Spain
| | - F B Sánchez-García
- Dept. of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernandez University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante, 03312, Spain
| | - M D Pérez-Murcia
- Dept. of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernandez University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante, 03312, Spain
| | - M A Bustamante
- Dept. of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernandez University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante, 03312, Spain.
| | - D B López-Lluch
- Dept. of Agrienvironmental Economics, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Spain
| | - R Moral
- Dept. of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernandez University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, Orihuela, Alicante, 03312, Spain
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16
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Estrella-González MJ, Jurado MM, Suárez-Estrella F, López MJ, López-González JA, Siles-Castellano A, Moreno J. Enzymatic profiles associated with the evolution of the lignocellulosic fraction during industrial-scale composting of anthropogenic waste: Comparative analysis. J Environ Manage 2019; 248:109312. [PMID: 31394475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the new European Waste Law, composting is proposed as one of the best options to properly manage organic waste of anthropogenic origin. Currently, the massive generation of this type of waste, as well as its heterogeneity, makes difficult in many cases control this process of degradation on an industrial scale. In this work, 15 facilities were selected based on 5 types of organic waste: Urban Solid Waste, Vegetable Waste, Sewage Sludges, Agrifood Waste and "Alpeorujo". The samples were collected in different thermal phases. The results revealed very different physicochemical and enzymatic profiles, as well as different degrees of humification depending on the process and the raw materials. However, parameters such as β-glucosidase, amylase, lignin/holocellulose ratio and humification rate showed similar trends in all cases. All of them could act as important indicators to evaluate the quality of a composting process, despite the heterogeneity of the starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Estrella-González
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - M M Jurado
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - F Suárez-Estrella
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain.
| | - M J López
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - J A López-González
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - A Siles-Castellano
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - J Moreno
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, CeiA3, 04120, Almería, Spain
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17
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Yuan J, Li Y, Chen S, Li D, Tang H, Chadwick D, Li S, Li W, Li G. Effects of phosphogypsum, superphosphate, and dicyandiamide on gaseous emission and compost quality during sewage sludge composting. Bioresour Technol 2018; 270:368-376. [PMID: 30243244 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of phosphogypsum, superphosphate, and dicyandiamide on gaseous emission and compost quality during sewage sludge composting. Results showed that phosphogypsum reduced ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) emissions but increased nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. Superphosphate simultaneously reduced NH3, N2O and CH4 emissions. Dicyandiamide markedly reduced N2O emission during composting. Combination of phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide reduced CH4 and N2O emissions by 75.6% and 86.4%, while NH3 emission was increased by 22.0%. Combination of superphosphate and dicyandiamide reduced NH3, CH4 and N2O emissions by 12.3%, 81.0% and 88.2%, respectively. More importantly, with the addition of 10% initial raw materials, phosphogypsum and superphosphate conserved nitrogen and improved compost quality by introducing additional nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shili Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Danyang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Shuyan Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wangwang Li
- Hubei XIAOHUAN Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Xiaogan, Hubei, 432100, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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18
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Goswami L, Mukhopadhyay R, Bhattacharya SS, Das P, Goswami R. Detoxification of chromium-rich tannery industry sludge by Eudrillus eugeniae: Insight on compost quality fortification and microbial enrichment. Bioresour Technol 2018; 266:472-481. [PMID: 29990763 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Chromium-rich tannery sludge (TS) is a hazardous industrial waste. Although vermicomposting can be an effective remediation pathway; but, the unique waste degrading efficiency of Eudrillus eugeniae is least explored. The present work showcases an efficient earthworm-mediated protocol for TS sanitization deploying E. eugeniae. Changes in pH, TOC (%), nutrients (NPK), metals (Cr, Cd etc.) and microbial diversity were monitored in various E. eugeniae mediated TS based vermibed. Total N, P, and K availability increased by 2-5 folds upon vermicomposting with 3-4 folds reduction in C/N ratio. Moreover, substantial removal of Cr (89%), Cd (88%), and Zn (79%) was recorded in the substrate. Bioaccumulation of these metals in the gut significantly reduced the pollution load in the finished products. The corresponding augmentation of microbial density and low respiratory CO2 release from the vermibeds substantiated the environmental proficiency of vermitechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linee Goswami
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India.
| | - Rupak Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
| | | | - Pallabi Das
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India
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19
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Hazarika J, Khwairakpam M. Evaluation of biodegradation feasibility through rotary drum composting recalcitrant primary paper mill sludge. Waste Manag 2018; 76:275-283. [PMID: 29625878 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Primary paper mill sludge (PPMS) is the major waste expelled from the pulp and paper industries contributing soil and water pollution through the recalcitrant organic and inorganic constituents. These pollutants can, however, be transformed into a high-value soil ameliorating material with nominal investment and time. Current study therefore evaluated the potential of rotary drum composting PPMS for 20 days to delineate an environmentally sustainable option. Five trials with proportions of PPMS, cow dung and saw dust: Trial 1 (10:0:0), Trial 2 (8:1:1), Trial 3 (7:2:1), Trial 4 (6:3:1) and Trial 5 (5:4:1) were performed for evaluation of degrading and nutritive ability along with the fate of pollutants for total mass of 150 kg. Trial 4 exhibited highest metabolic activity contributing higher temperature evolution and longer thermophilic phase (10 days) owing to optimum addition of innoculum and nitrogen through the cattle manure. Moreover, degradation of 16.8% organic matter was also best achieved in Trial 4 following up first-order kinetics. Furthermore, BOD, COD and C/N ratio also explains degradation to be maximum in trial 4 (6:3:1) with reduction of 59.3%, 60.1% and C/N ratio from 55.1 to 18 respectively, proving to be the essential determining factors. Phosphorus availability increased by around 67% in trial 4. PPMS can be thus transformed into a potential valued added product and safe for subsequent land application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeeta Hazarika
- Department of Civil Engineering (Environmental Division), NIT Meghalaya, India.
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20
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Li S, Li D, Li J, Li Y, Li G, Zang B, Li Y. Effect of spent mushroom substrate as a bulking agent on gaseous emissions and compost quality during pig manure composting. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:12398-12406. [PMID: 29460243 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the gaseous emissions (CH4, N2O, and NH3) and compost quality during the pig manure composting by adding spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as a bulking agent. The control treatment was also studied using corn stalk (CS) as a bulking agent. The experiment was conducted in a pilot scale composting reactor under aerobic condition with the initial C/N ratio of 20. Results showed that bulking agents significantly affected gaseous emissions and compost quality. Using SMS as a bulking agent improved composting efficiency by shortening the time for maturity. SMS increased germination index and humic acid of the final compost (by 13.44 and 41.94%, respectively) compared with CS. Furthermore, composting with SMS as a bulking agent could reduce nitrogen loss, NH3, and N2O emissions (by 13.57, 35.56, and 46.48%, respectively) compared with the control. SMS slightly increased CH4 emission about 1.1 times of the CS. However, a 33.95% decrease in the global warming potential of CH4 and N2O was obtained by adding SMS treatment. These results indicate that SMS is a favorable bulking agent for reducing gaseous emissions and increasing compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jijin Li
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Bing Zang
- Beijing Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Al-Sari MI, Sarhan MAA, Al-Khatib IA. Assessment of compost quality and usage for agricultural use: a case study of Hebron, Palestine. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:223. [PMID: 29546465 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Complying with the technical specifications of compost production is of high importance not only for environmental protection but also for increasing the productivity and promotion of compost use by farmers in agriculture. This study focuses on the compost quality of the Palestinian market and farmers' attitudes toward agricultural use of compost. The quality is assessed through selection of 20 compost samples of different suppliers and producers and lab testing for quality parameters, while the farmers' attitudes to compost use for agriculture are evaluated through survey questionnaire of 321 farmers in the Hebron area. The results showed that the compost in the Palestinian markets is of medium quality due to partial or non-compliance with the quality standards and guidelines. The Palestinian farmers showed a positive attitude since 91.2% of them have the desire to use compost in agriculture. The results also showed that knowledge of difference between compost and chemical fertilizers, perception of compost benefits, and previously experiencing problems in compost use are significant factors affecting the farmers' attitude toward the use of compost as an organic fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed I Al-Sari
- The Joint Services Council for Solid Waste Management for Hebron and Bethlehem Governorates (JSC-H& B), Hebron, Palestine
| | | | - Issam A Al-Khatib
- Institute of Environmental and Water Studies, Birzeit University, P.O. Box 14, Birzeit, West Bank, Palestine.
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22
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Margaritis M, Psarras K, Panaretou V, Thanos AG, Malamis D, Sotiropoulos A. Improvement of home composting process of food waste using different minerals. Waste Manag 2018; 73:87-100. [PMID: 29248370 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article presents the experimental study of the process of composting in a prototype home-scale system with a special focus on process improvement by using different additives (i.e. woodchips, perlite, vermiculite and zeolite). The interventions with different bulking agents were realized through composting cycles using substrates with 10% additives in specific mixtures of kitchen waste materials. The pre-selected proportion of the mixtures examined was 3:1:1 in cellulosic:proteins:carbohydrates, in order to achieve an initial C/N ratio equal to 30. The control of the initial properties of the examined substrates aimed at the consequent improvement of the properties of the final product (compost). The results indicated that composting process was enhanced with the use of additives and especially the case of zeolite and perlite provided the best results, in terms of efficient temperature evolution (>55 °C for 4 consecutive days). Carbon to nitrogen ratios decreased by 40% from the initial values for the reactors were minerals were added, while for the bioreactor tested with woodchips the reduction was slight, showing slowest degradation rate. Moisture content of produced compost varied within the range of 55-64% d.m., while nutrient content (K, Na, Ca, Mg) was in accordance with the limit values reported in literature. Finally, the composts obtained, exhibited a satisfactory degree of maturity, fulfilling the criterion related to the absence of phytotoxic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Margaritis
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - K Psarras
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - V Panaretou
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - A G Thanos
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - D Malamis
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece
| | - A Sotiropoulos
- Unit of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece.
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Jiang J, Kang K, Chen D, Liu N. Impacts of delayed addition of N-rich and acidic substrates on nitrogen loss and compost quality during pig manure composting. Waste Manag 2018; 72:161-167. [PMID: 29153340 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Delayed addition of Nitrogen (N)-rich and acidic substrates was investigated to evaluate its effects on N loss and compost quality during the composting process. Three different delayed adding methods of N-rich (pig manure) and acidic substrates (phosphate fertilizer and rotten apples) were tested during the pig manure and wheat straw is composting. The results showed that delayed addition of pig manure and acidic materials led two temperature peaks, and the durations of two separate thermophilic phase were closely related to the amount of pig manure. Delayed addition reduced total N loss by up to 14% when using superphosphate as acidic substrates, and by up to 12% when using rotten apples as acidic substrates, which is mainly due to the decreased NH3 emissions. At the end of composting, delayed the addition of pig manure caused a significant increase in the HS (humus substance) content, and the highest HS content was observed when 70% of the pig manure was applied at day 0 and the remaining 30% was applied on day 27. In the final compost, the GI in all treatments almost reached the maturity requirement by exceeding 80%. The results suggest that delayed addition of animal manure and acidic substrates could prevent the N loss during composting and improve the compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Kang Kang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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24
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Zhang D, Luo W, Li Y, Wang G, Li G. Performance of co-composting sewage sludge and organic fraction of municipal solid waste at different proportions. Bioresour Technol 2018; 250:853-859. [PMID: 30001593 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the co-composting performance of sewage sludge (SS) and organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) at different proportions was investigated. Cornstalk was added at 15% (of total wet weight) to improve the co-composting process. Results show that higher SS proportion could rapidly initialize the co-composting process; while increasing OFMSW percentage enhanced organic content for biodegradation, thus prolonging the thermophilic period and increasing the humification degree during co-composting. However, excessive OFMSW required longer co-composting period to ensure a desirable compost maturity and quality. Over 15days of rapid co-composting, adding 55-85% OFMSW aggravated compost quality by increasing the compost salinity (3.5-4.6mScm-1) and plant toxicity (indicated by the low germination index of 54.1-77.3%). Moreover, different proportions of SS and OFMSW varied gaseous emissions during co-composting. Our results suggested that OFMSW should be less than 55% for rapid co-composting with SS and cornstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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25
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Wang Q, Awasthi MK, Zhao J, Ren X, Li R, Wang Z, Wang M, Zhang Z. Improvement of pig manure compost lignocellulose degradation, organic matter humification and compost quality with medical stone. Bioresour Technol 2017; 243:771-777. [PMID: 28711806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0%) of medical stone (MS) on the lignocellulose degradation and organic matter humification during pig manure (PM) composting. The results indicated that the addition of MS drastically promoted the organic carbon and lignin degradation. Compared to the control, the decomposition rate of hemicellulose and cellulose was increased by 9.64-27.08% and 2.11-12.07% in MS added treatments. Meanwhile, MS amendment significantly improved the humification of composting process, and the humic acid contents in MS added treatments were 5.58-9.75% higher than control. The FTIR and synchronous fluorescence spectra indicated that the aromatization of final compost was promoted with increasing the MS amount. In addition, the application of MS blended composts could significantly improve the biomass and chlorophyll content of pachoi (Brassica chinensis L.). Due to the effective performance of MS, the 10.0% MS was suggested for PM composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China; Department of Biotechnology, Amicable Knowledge Solution University, Satna, India
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Xiuna Ren
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Meijing Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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26
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Vázquez MA, Soto M. The efficiency of home composting programmes and compost quality. Waste Manag 2017; 64:39-50. [PMID: 28325704 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of home composting programmes and the quality of the produced compost was evaluated in eight rural areas carrying out home composting programmes (up to 880 composting bins) for all household biowaste including meat and fish leftovers. Efficiency was analysed in terms of reduction of organic waste collected by the municipal services. An efficiency of 77% on average was obtained, corresponding to a composting rate of 126kg/person·year of biowaste (or 380kg/composter·year). Compost quality was determined for a total of 90 composting bins. The operation of composting bins by users was successful, as indicated by a low C/N ratio (10-15), low inappropriate materials (or physical contaminant materials, mean of 0.27±0.44% dry matter), low heavy metal content (94% of samples met required standards for agricultural use) and high nutrient content (2.1% N, 0.6% P, 2.5% K, 0.7% Mg and 3.7% Ca on average, dry matter). The high moisture (above 70% in 48% of the samples) did not compromise the compost quality. Results of this study show that home composting of household organic waste including meat and fish leftovers is a feasible practice. Home composting helps individuals and families to reduce the amount of household waste at the same time gaining a fertiliser material (compost) of excellent quality for gardens or vegetable plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Vázquez
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - M Soto
- Dept. of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Galiza, Spain.
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27
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Echavarri-Bravo V, Thygesen HH, Aspray TJ. Variability in physical contamination assessment of source segregated biodegradable municipal waste derived composts. Waste Manag 2017; 59:30-36. [PMID: 27836516 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical contaminants (glass, metal, plastic and 'other') and stones were isolated and categorised from three finished commercial composts derived from source segregated biodegradable municipal waste (BMW). A subset of the identified physical contaminant fragments were subsequently reintroduced into the cleaned compost samples and sent to three commercial laboratories for testing in an inter-laboratory trial using the current PAS100:2011 method (AfOR MT PC&S). The trial showed that the 'other' category caused difficulty for all three laboratories with under reporting, particularly of the most common 'other' contaminants (paper and cardboard) and, over-reporting of non-man-made fragments. One laboratory underreported metal contaminant fragments (spiked as silver foil) in three samples. Glass, plastic and stones were variably underreported due to miss-classification or over reported due to contamination with compost (organic) fragments. The results are discussed in the context of global physical contaminant test methods and compost quality assurance schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Echavarri-Bravo
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Helene H Thygesen
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK
| | - Thomas J Aspray
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK.
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28
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Faverial J, Boval M, Sierra J, Sauvant D. End-product quality of composts produced under tropical and temperate climates using different raw materials: A meta-analysis. J Environ Manage 2016; 183:909-916. [PMID: 27666645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis on end-product quality of 442 composts was performed to assess the effects of climate and raw materials on compost quality. The analysis was performed using an ANOVA including a mixed model with nested factors (climate, raw material and publication effect). Tropical composts presented lower carbon, nitrogen, potassium and soluble-carbon contents, and higher electrical conductivity. The results suggest that compost quality in the tropics was affected by weather conditions during composting (e.g. high temperature and rainfall), which induced high losses of carbon and nutrients. For most properties, industrial, sewage sludge and manure-based composts displayed the highest quality under both climates, while the contrary was found for household and municipal solid waste-based composts. The publication effect represented >50% of total variance, which was mainly due to the heterogeneity of the composting procedures. The meta-analysis was found to be a helpful tool to analyse the imbalanced worldwide database on compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Faverial
- ASTRO Agrosystèmes Tropicaux, INRA, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Maryline Boval
- URZ Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, INRA, 97170, Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe, France; MoSAR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRA, AgroParisTech, 75231, Paris, France
| | - Jorge Sierra
- ASTRO Agrosystèmes Tropicaux, INRA, 97170, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France.
| | - Daniel Sauvant
- MoSAR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, INRA, AgroParisTech, 75231, Paris, France
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29
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Storino F, Arizmendiarrieta JS, Irigoyen I, Muro J, Aparicio-Tejo PM. Meat waste as feedstock for home composting: Effects on the process and quality of compost. Waste Manag 2016; 56:53-62. [PMID: 27422047 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Home composting is a powerful tool, which is spreading in different parts of the world, to reduce the generation of municipal waste. However, there is debate concerning the appropriateness, in terms of domestic hygiene and safety, of keeping a composter bin in the household deputed to kitchen waste of animal origin, such as meat or fish scraps and pet droppings. The purpose of our work was to study how the addition of meat scraps to household waste influences the composting process and the quality of the final compost obtained. We compared four raw material mixtures, characterized by a different combination of vegetable and meat waste and different ratios of woody bulking agent. Changes in temperature, mass and volume, phenotypic microbial diversity (by Biolog™) and organic matter humification were determined during the process. At the end of the experiment, the four composts were weighed and characterized by physicochemical analysis. In addition, the presence of viable weed seeds was investigated and a germination bioassay was carried out to determine the level of phytotoxicity. Finally, the levels of pathogens (Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.) were also determined in the final compost. Here we show that the presence of meat waste as raw feedstock for composting in bins can improve the activity of the process, the physicochemical characteristics and maturity of the compost obtained, without significantly affecting its salinity, pH and phytotoxicity. Pathogen levels were low, showing that they can be controlled by an intensive management and proper handling of the composter bins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Storino
- Department of Environmental Science, Public University of Navarre (UPNA-NUP), Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | - Ignacio Irigoyen
- Department of Agricultural Production, Public University of Navarre (UPNA-NUP), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julio Muro
- Department of Agricultural Production, Public University of Navarre (UPNA-NUP), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro M Aparicio-Tejo
- Department of Environmental Science, Public University of Navarre (UPNA-NUP), Pamplona, Spain
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30
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Sánchez-García M, Alburquerque JA, Sánchez-Monedero MA, Roig A, Cayuela ML. Biochar accelerates organic matter degradation and enhances N mineralisation during composting of poultry manure without a relevant impact on gas emissions. Bioresour Technol 2015; 192:272-9. [PMID: 26038333 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A composting study was performed to assess the impact of biochar addition to a mixture of poultry manure and barley straw. Two treatments: control (78% poultry manure + 22% barley straw, dry weight) and the same mixture amended with biochar (3% dry weight), were composted in duplicated windrows during 19 weeks. Typical monitoring parameters and gaseous emissions (CO2, CO, CH4, N2O and H2S) were evaluated during the process as well as the agronomical quality of the end-products. Biochar accelerated organic matter degradation and ammonium formation during the thermophilic phase and enhanced nitrification during the maturation phase. Our results suggest that biochar, as composting additive, improved the physical properties of the mixture by preventing the formation of clumps larger than 70 mm. It favoured microbiological activity without a relevant impact on N losses and gaseous emissions. It was estimated that biochar addition at 3% could reduce the composting time by 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sánchez-García
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - J A Alburquerque
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M A Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Roig
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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31
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Barrena R, Font X, Gabarrell X, Sánchez A. Home composting versus industrial composting: influence of composting system on compost quality with focus on compost stability. Waste Manag 2014; 34:1109-1116. [PMID: 24594253 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Stability is one of the most important properties of compost obtained from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes. This property is essential for the application of compost to land to avoid further field degradation and emissions of odors, among others. In this study, a massive characterization of compost samples from both home producers and industrial facilities is presented. Results are analyzed in terms of chemical and respiration characterizations, the latter representing the stability of the compost. Results are also analyzed in terms of statistical validation. The main conclusion from this work is that home composting, when properly conducted, can achieve excellent levels of stability, whereas industrial compost produced in the studied facilities can also present a high stability, although an important dispersion is found in these composts. The study also highlights the importance of respiration techniques to have a reliable characterization of compost quality, while the chemical characterization does not provide enough information to have a complete picture of a compost sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Barrena
- Composting Research Group (GICOM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Edifici Q Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Xavier Font
- Composting Research Group (GICOM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Edifici Q Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Xavier Gabarrell
- SosteniPrA Research Group, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Edifici C Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Antoni Sánchez
- Composting Research Group (GICOM), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Edifici Q Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
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