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Palechor-Tróchez JJ, Castillo HSV, Serna-Cock L, Duque JFS. Thermal and structural changes of a starch flexible film and cellulosic semi-rigid tray during the biodegradation process under controlled composting conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134595. [PMID: 39122066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Biopolymers used to mitigate the environmental impact needed establish biodegradation percentage. The thermal and structural changes of two plastic materials, a flexible film based on cassava starch - Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a semi-rigid cassava flour-stay cellulose fique fiber, were evaluated biodegradation under ISO 4855-1 standard. The tests were carried out for four weeks at constant temperature and flow of 58 °C ± 2 °C and 250 mL/h, using a mature compost as inoculum. The percentages of CO2, thermal, morphological, and structural changes, variation of degradation temperatures, glass transition temperatures (Tg), Melting temperatures (Tm) and enthalpies of fusion (Hm), were properly evaluated as indicators of the materials biodegradation of two materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showed the microorganisms colonization on the materials surface, evidencing the appearance of cracks and microbial population. The flexible film showed a biodegradation percentage of 98.24 %, the semi-rigid tray 89.06 %, and the microcrystalline cellulose, 81.37 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Jairo Palechor-Tróchez
- Departamento de Agroindustria, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad del Cauca, 190002 Popayán, Colombia.
| | | | - Liliana Serna-Cock
- School of Engineering and Administration, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
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2
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Feng X, Zhang L. Composite additives regulate physicochemical and microbiological properties in green waste composting: A comparative study of single-period and multi-period addition modes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121677. [PMID: 38963955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Composting additives can significantly enhance green waste (GW) composting. However, their effectiveness is limited due to the short action duration of a single-period addition. Therefore, this study proposes that multi-period additive modes to prolong the action duration, expedite lignocellulose degradation, reduce composting time, and enhance product quality. This study conducted six treatments (T1-T6), introducing a compound additive (BLP) during the mesophilic (MP) and cooling periods (CP). Each treatment consistently maintained 25% total BLP addition of GW dry weight, with variations only in the BLP distribution in different periods. The composition of BLP consists of Wbiochar: Wlactic acid: Wpond sediment in a ratio of 10:1:40. Specifically, T1 added 25% BLP in CP, T2 added 5% in MP and 20% in CP, T3 added 10% in MP and 15% in CP, T4 added 15% in MP and 10% in CP, T5 added 20% in MP and 5% in CP, and T6 added 25% in MP. In this study, composting temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity, total porosity, the contents of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and nutrient, scanning electron microscopy images, germination index, and the successions of different bacteria and fungi at the phylum and genus levels were detailed. Results showed T4 achieved two thermophilic periods and matured in just 25 days. T4 enhanced lignocellulose degradation rates (lignin: 16-53%, cellulose: 14-23%, hemicellulose: 9-48%) and improved nutrient content. The above results, combined with correlation analysis and structural equation model, indicated that T4 may promote the development of dominant bacteria (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes) by regulating compost physicochemical properties and facilitate the growth of dominant fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) by modulating nutrient supply capacity. This ultimately leads to a microbial community structure more conducive to lignocellulose degradation and nutrient preservation. In summary, this study reveals the comprehensive effects of single-period and multi-period addition methods on GW composting, providing a valuable basis for optimizing the use of additives and enhancing the efficiency and quality of GW composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Feng
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
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3
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Wang F, Wang J, He Y, Yan Y, Fu D, Rene ER, Singh RP. Effect of different bulking agents on fed-batch composting and microbial community profile. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118449. [PMID: 38354880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The current study focused on analyzing the effect of different types of bulking agents and other factors on fed-batch composting and the structure of microbial communities. The results indicated that the introduction of bulking agents to fed-batch composting significantly improved composting efficiency as well as compost product quality. In particular, using green waste as a bulking agent, the compost products would achieve good performance in the following indicators: moisture (3.16%), weight loss rate (85.26%), and C/N ratio (13.98). The significant difference in moisture of compost products (p < 0.05) was observed in different sizes of bulking agent (green waste), which was because the voids in green waste significantly affected the capacity of the water to permeate. Meanwhile, controlling the size of green waste at 3-6 mm, the following indicators would show great performance from the compost products: moisture (3.12%), organic matter content (63.93%), and electrical conductivity (EC) (5.37 mS/cm). According to 16S rRNA sequencing, the relative abundance (RA) of thermophilic microbes increased as reactor temperature rose in fed-batch composting, among which Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Basidiomycota, and Rasamsonia were involved in cellulose and lignocellulose degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jingyao Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yuheng He
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yixin Yan
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Dafang Fu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
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4
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Zhao S, Zheng Q, Wang H, Fan X. Nitrogen in landfills: Sources, environmental impacts and novel treatment approaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171725. [PMID: 38492604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) accumulation in landfills is a pressing environmental concern due to its diverse sources and significant environmental impacts. However, there is relatively limited attention and research focus on N in landfills as it is overshadowed by other more prominent pollutants. This study comprehensively examines the sources of N in landfills, including food waste contributing to 390 million tons of N annually, industrial discharges, and sewage treatment plant effluents. The environmental impacts of N in landfills are primarily manifested in N2O emissions and leachate with high N concentrations. To address these challenges, this study presents various mitigation and management strategies, including N2O reduction measures and novel NH4+ removal techniques, such as electrochemical technologies, membrane separation processes, algae-based process, and other advanced oxidation processes. However, a more in-depth understanding of the complexities of N cycling in landfills is required, due to the lack of long-term monitoring data and the presence of intricate interactions and feedback mechanisms. To ultimately achieve optimized N management and minimized adverse environmental impacts in landfill settings, future prospects should emphasize advancements in monitoring and modeling technologies, enhanced understanding of microbial ecology, implementation of circular economy principles, application of innovative treatment technologies, and comprehensive landfill design and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhao
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiteng Zheng
- College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xinyao Fan
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
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5
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Tian W, Khan E, Tsang DCW. Leaching characteristics of nutrients in food waste digestate-derived biochar. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130634. [PMID: 38548033 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Food waste anaerobic digestion requires proper utilization of solid digestate, and pyrolysis emerges as an effective method to produce nutrient-rich biochar. This study investigated the leaching characteristics and speciation changes of nutrients in food waste digestate (FWD)-derived biochar pyrolyzed at 350 °C (BC350), 450 °C (BC450), and 550 °C (BC550). BC350 featured inorganic nitrogen, while BC450 and BC550 contained elevated organic nitrogen. Nitrogen, potassium, and dissolved organic carbon were released via a quick surface wash-off process. Polyphosphates prevailed in BC350 and leached through a fast diffusion-controlled process. BC450 and BC550 were dominated by Ca/Mg orthophosphates and released via a slow dissolution-controlled process. Leachates from BC450 and BC550 stimulated the shoot length of wheat seeds. After 5 leaching cycles, there were more aromatic dissolved organics, and BC450 and BC550 exhibited higher abundance of C-N and O-P-O. Overall, pyrolysis of FWD at 450 °C and 550 °C shows potential in producing slow-release biochar fertilizers for resource recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore
| | - Wenjing Tian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Department, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, USA
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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6
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Jiang Y, Zhang X, An L, Liu Y. A novel biochar-augmented enzymatic process for conversion of food waste to biofertilizers: Planting trial with leafy vegetable. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130554. [PMID: 38460565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The present study developed a novel biochar-augmented enzymatic approach for fast conversion of food waste to solid and liquid biofertilizers. By augmented with 10 % of biochar and mediated with 5 % of food waste-derived hydrolytic enzymes mixture (i.e. fungal mash), 100 kg of food waste could be converted into 22.3 kg of solid biofertilizer with a water content of 30 % and 55.0 kg of liquid biofertilizer, which fulfilled Chinese national standards for solid and liquid organic biofertilizers, respectively. Field plantation results showed that the Pak Choi grown on food waste-derived biofertilizers was comparable with that on commercial ones, in terms of the vegetable productivity and nutrient contents. It was further revealed that the application of food waste-derived biofertilizers did not change soil chemical properties but enriched microbial diversity. This study clearly indicated that the biochar-augmented enzymatic approach for food waste conversion to biofertilizers was technically feasible and economically viable towards circular agriculture economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuai Jiang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore; Environmental Sustainability Team, Kajima Technical Research Institute Singapore, 19 Changi Business Park Crescent, Singapore 489690, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory of Low-Carbon Unconventional Water Resources Utilization and Water Quality Assurance, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei An
- Engineering Laboratory of Low-Carbon Unconventional Water Resources Utilization and Water Quality Assurance, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Engineering Laboratory of Low-Carbon Unconventional Water Resources Utilization and Water Quality Assurance, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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7
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Vieira Firmino M, Trémier A, Couvert A, Szymczyk A. New insights into biochar ammoniacal nitrogen adsorption and its correlation to aerobic degradation ammonia emissions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 178:257-266. [PMID: 38417311 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
One of the technical barriers to the wider use of biochar in the composting practices is the lack of accurate quantification linking biochar properties to application outcomes. To address this issue, this paper investigates the use of ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity by biochar as a predictor of ammonia emission during composting in the presence of biochar. With this in mind, this work investigated the use of ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity of biochar when mixed with solid digestate, and the reduction in ammonia emissions resulting from the addition of biochar during aerobic degradation of solid digestate. A biochar synthesized at 900 °C, another synthesized at 450 °C, and two derivatives of the latter biochar, one chemically modified with nitric acid and the other with potassium hydroxide, were tested. This study concluded that the chemical characteristics of the biochar, including pH and oxygen/carbon atomic ratio, had a greater influence on the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen than physical attributes such as specific surface area. In this regard, nitric acid modification had superior performance compared to hydroxide potassium modification to increase biochar chemical attributes and reduce ammonia emissions when applied to aerobic degradation. Finally, a significant linear correlation (p-value < 0.05, r2 = 0.79) was found between biochar ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity and ammonia emissions along composting, showing the potential of this variable as a predictive parameter. This study provides insights for future explorations aiming to develop predictive tests for biochar performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annabelle Couvert
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Anthony Szymczyk
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR, 6226 Rennes, France.
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8
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He W, Rong S, Wang J, Zhao Y, Liang Y, Huang J, Meng L, Feng Y, Xue L. Different crystalline manganese dioxide and biochar co-conditioning aerobic composting: Reduced ammonia volatilization and improved organic fertilizer quality. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133127. [PMID: 38056255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic composting is a sustainable and effective waste disposal method. However, it can generate massive amounts of ammonia (NH3) via volatilization. Effectively reducing NH3 volatilization is vital for advancing aerobic composting and protecting the ecological environment. Herein, two crystal types of MnO2 (α-MnO2 and δ-MnO2) are combined with biochar (hydrochar (WHC) and pyrochar (WPC), respectively) and used as conditioners for the aerobic composting of chicken manure. Results reveal that α-MnO2 (34.6%) can more effectively reduce NH3 accumulation than δ-MnO2 (27.1%). Moreover, the combination of WHC and MnO2 better reduces NH3 volatilization (48.5-58.9%) than the combination of WPC and MnO2 (15.8-40.1%). The highest NH3 volatilization reduction effect (58.9%) is achieved using the combination of WHC and δ-MnO2. Because the added WHC and δ-MnO2 promote the humification of the compost, the humic acid to fulvic acid ratio (HA/FA ratio) dramatically increases. The combination of WHC and δ-MnO2 doubled the HA/FA ratio and resulted in a net economic benefit of 130.0 RMB/t. Therefore, WHC and δ-MnO2 co-conditioning can promote compost decomposition, improving the quality of organic fertilizers and substantially reducing NH3 volatilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Shaopeng Rong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Jixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, PR China
| | - Yunyi Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, PR China
| | - Junxia Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Lin Meng
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China.
| | - Lihong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
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Wang J, Li C, Awasthi MK, Nyambura SM, Zhu Z, Li H, Xu J, Feng X, Zhu X, Syed A, Wong LS, Luo W. Utilising standard samples instead of randomly collected food waste in composting: Implementation strategy and feasibility evaluation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120182. [PMID: 38278112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Randomly collected food waste results in inaccurate experimental data with poor reproducibility for composting. This study investigated standard food waste samples as replacements for randomly collected food waste. A response surface methodology was utilised to analyse data from a 28-day compost process optimisation experiment using collected food waste, and the optimal combination of composting parameters was derived. Experiments using different standard food waste samples (high oil and salt, high oil and sugar, balanced diet, and vegetarian) were conducted for 28 days under optimal conditions. The ranking of differences between the standard samples and collected food waste was vegetarian > balanced diet > high oil and sugar > high oil and salt. Statistical analysis indicated t-tests for increased oil and salt samples and collected food waste were not significant, and Cohen's d effect values were minimal. High oil and salt samples can be used as replacements for collected food waste in composting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufei Wang
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Samuel Mbugua Nyambura
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenming Zhu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jialiang Xu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuebin Feng
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueru Zhu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment in Jiangsu Province/Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Wei Luo
- CITIC Envirotech Guangzhou Co Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China
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10
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Fu Z, Zhao J, Guan D, Wang Y, Xie J, Zhang H, Sun Y, Zhu J, Guo L. A comprehensive review on the preparation of biochar from digestate sources and its application in environmental pollution remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168822. [PMID: 38043821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of biochar from digestate is one of the effective ways to achieve the safe disposal and resource utilization of digestate. Nevertheless, up to now, a comprehensive review encompassing the factors influencing anaerobic digestate-derived biochar production and its applications is scarce in the literature. Therefore, to fill this gap, the present work first outlined the research hotspots of digestate in the last decade using bibliometric statistical analysis with the help of VOSviewer. Then, the characteristics of the different sources of digestate were summarized. Furthermore, the influencing factors of biochar preparation from digestate and the modification methods of digestate-derived biochar and associated mechanisms were analyzed. Notably, a comprehensive synthesis of anaerobic digestate-derived biochar applications is provided, encompassing enhanced anaerobic digestion, heavy metal remediation, aerobic composting, antibiotic/antibiotic resistance gene removal, and phosphorus recovery from digestate liquor. The economic and environmental impacts of digestate-derived biochar were also analyzed. Finally, the development prospect and challenges of using biochar from digestate to combat environmental pollution are foreseen. The aim is to not only address digestate management challenges at the source but also offer a novel path for the resourceful utilization of digestate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Fu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Jianwei Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China.
| | - Dezheng Guan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Jingliang Xie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China.
| | - Jiangwei Zhu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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11
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Wang X, Liu N, Zeng R, Liu G, Yao H, Fang J. Change of core microorganisms and nitrogen conversion pathways in chicken manure composts by different substrates to reduce nitrogen losses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14959-14970. [PMID: 38285254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of animal husbandry, the associated environmental problems cannot be ignored, with the management of livestock and poultry manure emerging as the most prominent issue. Composting technology has been widely used in livestock and poultry manure management. A deeper understanding of the nitrogen conversion process during composting offers a theoretical foundation for selecting compost substrates. In this study, the effects of sawdust (CK) and spent mushroom compost (T1) as auxiliary materials on nitrogen as well as microbial structure in the composting process when composted with chicken manure were investigated. At the end of composting, the nitrogen loss of T1 was reduced by 17.18% relative to CK. When used as a compost substrate, spent mushroom compost accelerates the succession of microbial communities within the compost pile and alters the core microbial communities within the microbial community. Bacterial genera capable of cellulose degradation (Fibrobacter, Herbinix) are new core microorganisms that influence the assimilation of nitrate reduction during compost maturation. Using spent mushroom compost as a composting substrate increased the enzyme activity of nitrogen assimilation while decreasing the enzyme activity of the denitrification pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Naiyuan Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste, Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Changsha IMADEK Intelligent Technology Co., LTD, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste, Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Rao JN, Parsai T. A comprehensive review on the decentralized composting systems for household biodegradable waste management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118824. [PMID: 37696186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste primarily consists of household biodegradable waste (HBW). HBW treatment is a crucial step in many countries due to rapid urbanization. Composting is an effective technique to treat HBW. However, conventional composting systems are unable to produce matured compost (MC), as well as releasing huge amounts of greenhouse and odorous gases. Therefore, this review attempts to suggest suitable composting system to manage HBW, role of additives and bulking agents in composting process, identify knowledge gaps and recommend future research directions. Centralized composting systems are unable to produce MC due to improper sorting and inadequate aeration for composting substrate. Recently, decentralized compost systems (DCS) are becoming more popular due to effective solid waste reduction at the household and/or community level itself, thereby reducing the burden on municipalities. Solid waste sorting and aeration for the composting substrate is easy at DCS, thereby producing MC. However, Mono-composting of HBW in DCS leads to production of immature compost and release greenhouse and odorous gases due to lower free air space and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, and higher moisture content. Mixing HBW with additives and bulking agents in DCS resulted in a proper initial substrate for composting, allowing rapid degradation of substrate due to longer duration of thermophilic phase and produce MC within a shorter duration. However, people have lack of awareness about solid waste management is the biggest challenge. More studies are needed to eliminate greenhouse and odorous gases emissions by mixing different combinations of bulking agents and additives (mainly microbial additives) to HBW in DCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakki Narasimha Rao
- Research scholar, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India.
| | - Tanushree Parsai
- Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India.
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13
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Lin L, Qin J, Zhang Y, Yin J, Guo G, Khan MA, Liu Y, Liu Q, Wang Q, Chang K, Mašek O, Wang J, Hu S, Ma W, Li X, Gouda SG, Huang Q. Assessing the suitability of municipal sewage sludge and coconut bran as breeding medium for Oryza sativa L. seedlings and developing a standardized substrate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118644. [PMID: 37478717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of organic solid waste (OSW) for preparing standardized seedling substrates is a main challenge due to its temporal and spatial variability. This study aims to form models based on data from the literature and validate them through experiments to explore a standardized seedling substrate. The typical OSW in Hainan Province, including municipal sewage sludge (MSS), coconut bran (CB), seaweed mud (SM), and municipal sewage sludge biochar (MSSB), was used as raw material. A series of six mixing ratios was tested, namely: T1 (0% MSS: 90% CB), T2 (10% MSS: 80% CB), T3 (30% MSS: 60% CB), T4 (50% MSS: 40% CB), T5 (70% MSS: 20% CB), and T6 (90% MSS: 0% CB). SM and MSSB were added as amendment materials at 5% (w/w) for each treatment. The physicochemical properties of substrates, agronomic traits of rice seedlings and microbial diversity were analyzed. The results showed that the four kinds of OSW played an active role in providing rich sources of nutrients. The dry weight of the above-ground part was 2.98 times greater in T3 than that of the commercial substrate. Furthermore, the microbial analysis showed a higher abundance of Actinobacteria in T3, representing the stability of the composted products. Finally, the successful fitting of the results with the linear regression models could establish relationship equations between the physicochemical properties of the substrate and the growth characteristics of seedlings. The relevant parameters suitable for the growth of rice seedlings were as follows: pH (6.46-7.01), EC (less than 2.12 mS cm-1), DD (0.13-0.16 g cm-3), and TPS (65.68-82.73%). This study proposed relevant parameters and models for standardization of seedling substrate, which would contribute to ensuring the quality of seedlings and OSW resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Jiemin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China; School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Jiaxin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Genmao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Muhammad Amjad Khan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Kenlin Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Wenchao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Hainan Inspection and Detection Center for Modern Agriculture, Haikou, 570100, China
| | - Shaban G Gouda
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, 13736, Egypt
| | - Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province/Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province/School of Ecology & Environment/State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/ the Academician He Hong's Team Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province/ Key Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology of Haikou, Haikou, Hainan University, Hainan, 570228, China.
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14
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Ma L, Zhou Y, Wang A, Li Q. A potential heavy metals detoxification system in composting: Biotic and abiotic synergy mediated by shell powder. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 386:129576. [PMID: 37506928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Regulating heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) was an effective method for heavy metal resistant bacteria (HMRB) to cope with heavy metal stress during dairy manure composting. This research aimed to investigate heavy metal detoxification mediated by shell powder (SP) in composting and the response of HMRB and HMRGs to changes in heavy metal bioavailability during composting. Research showed that SP additive reduced the bioavailability of Zu, Cu, and Mn by 10.64%, 13.90% and 14.14%, respectively. SP increased the composition percentage of humic acid (HA) in humus (HS) by 8%. SP enhanced the resistance of Actinobacteria to heavy metals and improved the regulation of HMRGs. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the bioavailability of heavy metals was positively correlated with most HMRGs. HA was significantly negatively correlated with the bioavailability of Zn, Cu and Mn. Therefore, SP additive could be a novel strategy for heavy metals detoxification during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangcai Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yucheng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qunliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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15
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Verma S, Awasthi MK, Liu T, Awasthi SK, Syed A, Bahkali AH, Verma M, Zhang Z. Influence of biochar on succession of fungal communities during food waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129437. [PMID: 37399966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effects of biochar on fungal dynamics during food waste composting. The different dosage of wheat straw biochar from 0 to 15% (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15%) were used as an additive to composting and examined for 42 days. The results showed that Ascomycota (94.64%) and Basidiomycota (5.36%) were the most dominant phyla. The most common fungal genera were Kluyveromyces (3.76%), Candida (5.34%), Trichoderma (2.30%), Fusarium (0.46%), Mycothermus-thermophilus (5.67%), Trametes (0.46%), and Trichosporon (3.38%). The average number of operational taxonomic units were 469, with the greatest abundance seen in the 7.5% and 10% treatments. Redundancy analysis revealed that different concentrations of biochar applied treatments have significantly distinct fungal communities. Additionally, correlation analyses of fungal interactions with environmental elements, performed through a heatmap, also indicate a distinct difference among the treatments. The study clearly demonstrates that 15% of biochar has a positive impact on fungal diversity and improves the food waste composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivpal Verma
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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16
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Hassanzadeh Moghimi O, Nabi Bidhendi G, Daryabeigi Zand A, Rabiee Abyaneh M, Nabi Bidhendi A. Effect of forest-based biochar on maturity indices and bio-availability of heavy metals during the composting process of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Sci Rep 2023; 13:15977. [PMID: 37749149 PMCID: PMC10519951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biochar on the composting process of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) under real conditions. Different doses of biochar (1%, 3%, and 5%) were mixed with compost piles to evaluate the variation of temperature, moisture content (MC), organic matter (OM), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), C/N ratio, and heavy metal (HM) contents in comparison with the control treatment (with 0% biochar addition). The results of this study showed that the compost piles combined with different doses of biochar had higher MC. The use of biochar as an additive, even at low doses (1%), was able to increase the compost quality through the reduction of N losses during the composting process. The highest reduction of OM during the composting process was observed in the control pile (without biochar addition) by 48.06%, whereas biochar affected the biodegradability of OM and prevented the reduction of nutrients during the composting process under real conditions. The contents of HMs (Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, and Cu) showed a significant reduction in all of the compost piles combined with biochar in comparison with the control treatment. Considering that in terms of all compost quality indicators, the piles combined with biochar can regarded as high standard product, the composts obtained from combining the OFMSW with different biochar doses have desirable features to be used as an amendment agent to improve agricultural soil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Hassanzadeh Moghimi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran.
| | | | | | - Maryam Rabiee Abyaneh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
| | - Amir Nabi Bidhendi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Aras International Campus, University of Tehran, Jolfa, Iran
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17
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Li F, Yuan Q, Li M, Zhou J, Gao H, Hu N. Nitrogen retention and emissions during membrane-covered aerobic composting for kitchen waste disposal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37615415 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2252162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The composting performance and nitrogen transformation during membrane-covered aerobic composting of kitchen waste were investigated. The aerobic composting products of the kitchen waste had a high seed germination index of ∼180%. The application of the membrane increased the mean temperature in the early cooling stage of composting by 4.5℃, resulted in a lower moisture content, and reduced the emissions of NH3 and N2O by 48.5% and 44.1%, respectively, thereby retaining 7.9% more nitrogen in the compost. The adsorption of the condensed water layer under inner-membrane was the reason for reducing NH3 emissions, and finite element modeling revealed that the condensed water layer was present throughout the composting process with a maximum thickness of ∼2 mm in the thermophilic stage. The reduction of N2O emissions was related to the micro-positive pressure in the reactor, which promoted the distribution of oxygen, thus weakening denitrification. In addition, the membrane cover decreased the diversity of the bacterial community and increased the diversity of ammonia-oxidizing strains. This study confirmed that membrane-covered composting was suitable for kitchen waste management and could be used as a strategy to mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbin Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haofeng Gao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zou SP, Liu RS, Luo Y, Bo CT, Tang SQ, Xue YP, Zheng YG. Effects of fungal agents and biochar on odor emissions and microbial community dynamics during in-situ treatment of food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 380:129095. [PMID: 37100303 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the co-addition of fungal agents and biochar on physicochemical properties, odor emissions, microbial community structure, and metabolic functions were investigated during the in-situ treatment of food waste. The combined addition of fungal agents and biochar decreased cumulative NH3, H2S, and VOCs emissions by 69.37%, 67.50%, and 52.02%, respectively. The predominant phyla throughout the process were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Proteobacteria. Combined treatment significantly impacted the conversion and release of nitrogen from the perspective of the variation of nitrogen content between different forms. FAPROTAX analysis revealed that the combined application of fungal agents and biochar could effectively inhibit nitrite ammonification and reduce the emission of odorous gases. This work aims to clarify the combined effect of fungal agents and biochar on odor emission and provide a theoretical basis for developing an environmentally friendly in-situ efficient biological deodorization (IEBD) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ru-Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chun-Tao Bo
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Su-Qin Tang
- Hangzhou Environmental Group Company Limited, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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19
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Xu P, Shu L, Li Y, Zhou S, Zhang G, Wu Y, Yang Z. Pretreatment and composting technology of agricultural organic waste for sustainable agricultural development. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16311. [PMID: 37305492 PMCID: PMC10256924 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous development of agriculture, Agricultural organic waste (AOW) has become the most abundant renewable energy on earth, and it is a hot spot of research in recent years to realize the recycling of AOW to achieve sustainable development of agricultural production. However, lignocellulose, which is difficult to degrade in AOW, greenhouse gas emissions, and pile pathogenic fungi and insect eggs are the biggest obstacles to its return to land use. In response to the above problems researchers promote organic waste recycling by pretreating AOW, controlling composting conditions and adding other substances to achieve green return of AOW to the field and promote the development of agricultural production. This review summarizes the ways of organic waste treatment, factors affecting composting and problems in composting by researchers in recent years, with a view to providing research ideas for future related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Luolin Shu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Guanzhi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Zhenchao Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University of Science and Technology, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
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20
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Shan G, Li W, Liu J, Zhu L, Hu X, Yang W, Tan W, Xi B. Nitrogen loss, nitrogen functional genes, and humification as affected by hydrochar addition during chicken manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128512. [PMID: 36538962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of hydrochar addition on nitrogen (N) transformation, N functional genes, and humification during chicken manure composting. The addition of 10 % hydrochar reduced cumulative ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide emissions by 55.24 % and 45.30 %, respectively, and N losses by 32.07 %. Further, it increased the relative abundance of amoA while decreasing that of nirK, nirS, and nosZ in compost. Hydrochar reduces NH3 emissions during composting owing to its acid-carbon properties that lower the pH of the composting pile and promote ammonia oxidation. Moreover, hydrochar addition enhances the humification of the composting pile and significantly increases the content of humic substances. Moreover, after hydrochar addition, the germination index of the compost product reached >80 % 10 days earlier. The results demonstrate that hydrochar is a suitable composting additive for reducing N loss and shortening the composting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchun Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xinhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei Yang
- China Land Surveying and Planning Institute, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Li D, Manu MK, Varjani S, Wong JWC. Role of tobacco and bamboo biochar on food waste digestate co-composting: Nitrogen conservation, greenhouse gas emissions, and compost quality. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 156:44-54. [PMID: 36436407 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is considered an environmentally benign process for the recycling of food waste into biogas. However, unscientific disposal of ammonium-rich food waste digestate (FWD), a by-product of anaerobic digestion induces environmental issues such as odor nuisances, water pollution, phytotoxicity and pathogen transformations in soil, etc. In the present study, FWD produced from anaerobic digestion of source-separated food waste from markets and industries was used for converting FWD into biofertilizer using 20-L bench scale composters. The issues of nitrogen loss, NH3 volatilization, and greenhouse gas N2O emission were addressed using in-situ composting technologies with the aid of tobacco and bamboo biochar produced at pyrolytic temperatures of 450 °C and 600 °C, respectively. The results demonstrated that the phytotoxic nature of FWD could be reduced into a nutrient-rich compost by mitigating nitrogen loss by 29-53% using 10% tobacco and 10% bamboo biochar in comparison with the control treatment. Tobacco biochar mitigates NH3 emission by 63% but enhances the N2O emission by 65%, whereas bamboo biochar mitigates both NH3 and N2O emissions by 48% and 31%, respectively. Overall, 10% tobacco and 10% bamboo biochar amendment could reduce total nitrogen loss by 29% and 53%, respectively. Furthermore, the biochar addition significantly enhanced the biodegradation rate of FWD and the mature compost could be produced within 21 days of FWD composting as seen by an increased seed germination index (>50% on dry weight basis). The results of this study could be beneficial in developing a circular bioeconomy locally with the waste-derived substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyi Li
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - M K Manu
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 311800, China.
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22
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Li D, Kumar R, Johnravindar D, Luo L, Zhao J, Manu MK. Effect of different-sized bulking agents on nitrification process during food waste digestate composting. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36546563 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2161950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Food waste digestate (FWD) disposal is a serious bottleneck in anaerobic digestion plants to achieve a circular bioeconomy. FWD could be recycled into nitrogen-rich compost; however, the co-composting process optimisation along with bulking agents is required to reduce nitrogen loss and unwanted gaseous emissions. In the present study, two different-sized bulking agents, namely, wood shaving (WS) and fine sawdust (FS), were used to investigate their impact on FWD composting performance along with the nitrogen dynamics. The mixing of FWD with different bulking agents altered the physiochemical characteristics of composting matrix and the effective composting performance was observed through reduced ammonium nitrogen and increased seed germination index during 28 days of composting. The carbon loss of 19-22% through CO2 emission indicated similar carbon mineralisation with both types of sawdust; however, the nitrogen transformation pathways were different. Only WS treatment demonstrated the nitrification process, whereas the nitrogen loss was higher with FS. A total nitrogen loss of ∼15% was observed in treatments with FS, whereas WS treatments displayed a nitrogen loss of 12%. The outcome of the present study could significantly contribute to the practical aspect of the FWD composting operation with the promotion of the bio-recycling economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyi Li
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rajat Kumar
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Davidraj Johnravindar
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Liwen Luo
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Zhao
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M K Manu
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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23
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Zhou Y, Manu MK, Li D, Johnravindar D, Selvam A, Varjani S, Wong J. Effect of Chinese medicinal herbal residues compost on tomato and Chinese cabbage plants: Assessment on phytopathogenic effect and nutrients uptake. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114747. [PMID: 36372151 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chinese medicinal herbal residues (CMHRs) are known for their antipathogenic properties due to the presence of bioactive compounds. Hence, CMHRs could be used as a potential resource to produce biofertilizer with antipathogenic properties for agricultural applications. In this study, a novel approach was used by utilizing the waste-derived biofertilizer, i.e., CMHRs compost (CMHRC) as a nutrient supplier as well as an organic bioagent against Alternaria solani (A. solani) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis) plants. The experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions using locally collected acidic soil wherein 2%, 5% and 10% CMHRC (dry weight) along with 5% food waste compost were used as treatments. In addition, only soil and soil with phytopathogens were used as control treatments. The results suggested that amending the compost into acidic soil significantly increased the pH to a neutral level along with enhanced uptake of nutrients. Among all the treatments, 5% CMHRs compost addition increased the tomato plant biomass production to 4.9 g/pot (dry weight) compared to 2.2 g/pot in control. A similar trend was observed in Chinese cabbage plants and the improved plant biomass production could be attributed to the combined effect of strong nutrient absorption ability by healthy roots and enhanced nutrient supply. At 5% CMHRC application rate, the nitrogen uptake by tomato and Chinese cabbage plants increased by 78% and 62%, respectively, whereas phosphorous uptake increased by 75% and 25%, respectively. The reduction in A. solani by 48% and F. oxysporum by 54% in the post-harvested soil of 5% CMHRC treatment against the control demonstrated the anti-phytopathogenic efficiency of CMHRC compost. Hence, the present study illustrates the beneficiary aspects of utilizing CMHRs to produce biofertilizer with anti-phytopathogenic properties which can be safely used for tomato and Chinese cabbage plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; Food Science Unit, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M K Manu
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Dongyi Li
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Davidraj Johnravindar
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Ammaiyappan Selvam
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; Department of Plant Science, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, 627 012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382010, Gujarat, India
| | - Jonathan Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong.
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Luo L, Chu P, Liang J, Johnravindar D, Zhao J, Wong JWC. Enhanced stability of food waste anaerobic digestion under low inoculum to substrate ratio by using biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36524382 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2157759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The influence of biochar on anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste have been widely studied. However, the effect of biochar on the mitigation of acidification and subsequently the stimulation of methanogenesis recovery during mono food waste (FW) digestion process under a low inoculum to substrate (I/S) ratio (i.e. a high organic loading) is rarely investigated. In this study, the benefit of biochar with respect to methane production from FW was explored in a mono FW AD system with four different additional amounts of biochar, i.e. 0, 5, 10 and 15 g/L. Results revealed that biochar boosted methane production in AD at a low I/S ratio by 390-530% through stimulating methanogenic activity, improving organics removal and enhancing process stability. The biochar dosage of 10 g/L demonstrated the highest biodegradability of 92.3% and the highest specific methane production of 553.0 mL/g VSremoved among all groups. Without biochar addition, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) accumulated to 20 g/L and the highest total ammonium-N (TAN) was > 1200 mg/L. The suppression of methanogenesis was significantly correlated with VFA and TAN (p < 0.05). Therefore, biochar addition presented a positive effect on VFAs degradation and buffering capacity which could be an effective approach to enhance methane production from FW digestion at a low inoculum to substrate ratio without the fear of system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Luo
- Department of Biology, Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China
| | - Puiyan Chu
- Department of Biology, Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Liang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China
| | - Davidraj Johnravindar
- Department of Biology, Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Biology, Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Department of Biology, Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China
- School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou, People's Republic of China
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25
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Feng X, Zhang L. Combined addition of biochar, lactic acid, and pond sediment improves green waste composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158326. [PMID: 36037887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composting, as an eco-friendly method to recycle green waste (GW), converts the GW into humus-like compounds. However, conventional GW composting is inefficient and generates poor-quality compost. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of the combined additions of biochar (BC; 0, 5, and 10 %), lactic acid (LA; 0, 0.5, and 1.0 %), and pond sediment (PS; 0, 20, and 30 %) on GW composting. A treatment without additives served as the control (treatment T1). The results showed that treatment R1 (with 5 % BC, 0.5 % LA, and 20 % PS) was better than the treatments with two additives or no additive and required only 32 days to generate a stable and mature product. Compared with T1, R1 improved water-holding capacity, electrical conductivity, available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrate nitrogen, OM decomposition, and germination index by 51 %, 48 %, 170 %, 93 %, 119 %, 157 %, and 119 %, respectively. R1 also increased the activities of cellulase, lignin peroxidase, and laccase. The results showed that the combined addition of BC, LA, and PS increased the gas exchange, water retention, and the microbial secretion of enzymes, thus accelerating the decomposition of GW. This study demonstrated the effects of BC, LA, and PS addition on GW composting and final compost properties, and analyzed the reasons of the effects. The study therefore increases the understanding of the sustainable disposal of an important solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Feng
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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26
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Zhu P, Wu Y, Ru Y, Hou Y, San KW, Yu X, Guo W. Industrial-scale aerobic composting of livestock manures with the addition of biochar: Variation of bacterial community and antibiotic resistance genes caused by various composting stages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120270. [PMID: 36162559 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of large amounts of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock manures poses an impending, tough safety risk to ecosystems. To investigate more comprehensively the mechanisms of ARGs removal from industrial-scale composting of livestock manure based on biochar addition, we tracked the dynamics of bacterial community and ARGs at various stages of aerobic composting of livestock manures with 10% biochar. There were no significant effects of biochar on the bacterial community and the profiles of ARGs. During aerobic composting, the relative abundance of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) showed overall trends of decreasing and then increasing. The key factor driving the dynamics of ARGs was bacterial community composition, and the potential hosts of ARGs were Caldicoprobacter, Tepidimicrobium, Ignatzschineria, Pseudogracilibacillus, Actinomadura, Flavobacterium and Planifilum. The retention of the thermophilic bacteria and the repopulation of the initial bacteria were the dominant reasons for the increase in ARGs at maturation stage. Additionally, among the MGEs, the relative abundance of transposon gene was substantially removed, while the integron genes remained at high relative abundance. Our results highlighted that the suitability of biochar addition to industrial-scale aerobic composting needs to be further explored and that effective measures are needed to prevent the increase of ARGs content on maturation stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yuning Ru
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yihang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Kim Woon San
- Tounong Organic Fertilizer Co. Ltd., Qingdao, 266733, PR China
| | - Xiaona Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning, Protection and Restoration of Bohai Sea, Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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27
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Huang X, He Y, Zhang Y, Lu X, Xie L. Independent and combined effects of biochar and microbial agents on physicochemical parameters and microbial community succession during food waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128023. [PMID: 36167177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the independent and combined effects of biochar and microbial agents on food waste composting. The results indicated that combined addition increased the peak temperature to 63.5 °C and extended the thermophilic periods to 8 days, resulting in the highest organic matter degradation rate (12.7%). Analysis of enzymatic activity indicated that combined addition increased urease and dehydrogenase activity by 22.9% and 26.5%. Furthermore, the degradation of volatile fatty acids also increased by 37.4% with combined addition. Microbial analysis demonstrated that combined addition effectively increased the relative abundances of Enterobacter, Sphingobacterium and Aspergillus, which could be attributed to the optimal environment provided by biochar and stimulation of microbial agents. Moreover, correlation analysis showed a strong interaction between the microbial community and environment with combined addition. In general, combined addition could be beneficial for composting based on the synergistic effects of biochar and inoculation on microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yidie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Three Gorges Smart Water Technology Co., Ltd., 65 LinXin Road, ChangNing District, 200335 Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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28
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Li D, Manu MK, Varjani S, Wong JWC. Mitigation of NH 3 and N 2O emissions during food waste digestate composting at C/N ratio 15 using zeolite amendment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127465. [PMID: 35700892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Composting of food waste digestate (FWD) is challenging as it requires more bulking agents, and the nitrogen loss is inevitable. To address these issues, FWD composting was conducted at a relatively lower C/N ratio of 15 with zeolite amendment in the dosage range of 5-15%. The impact of zeolite addition on nitrogen loss, NH3 and N2O emissions was assessed during FWD composting. The results showed that the addition of 10-15% zeolite could significantly reduce the phytotoxic nature of FWD and the compost maturity level could be reached in 10-21 days. Furthermore, ∼45% total nitrogen loss could be reduced by mitigating NH3 and N2O emissions upon 10 and 15% zeolite amendment. The outcome of the present study could be used as an effective strategy for composting FWD in any part of the world as the FWD characteristics are similar irrespective of the type of food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyi Li
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - M K Manu
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; School of Technology, Huzhou University, Huzhou 311800, China.
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29
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Liu X, Wang Y, Zhou S, Cui P, Wang W, Huang W, Yu Z, Zhou S. Differentiated strategies of animal-derived and plant-derived biochar to reduce nitrogen loss during paper mill sludge composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127583. [PMID: 35797902 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to reveal the differences of nitrogen (N) transformation between animal-derived and plant-derived biochar during paper mill sludge composting. Three treatments were established, including CK (no biochar), ABC (animal-derived biochar), and PBC (plant-derived biochar). Results showed that N loss was reduced by 24.43% and 35.50% in ABC and PBC, respectively, compared with CK. Moreover, the contents of acid-insoluble N (AIN) in ABC and bioavailable organic N (BON) in PBC were 6.180 g/kg and 9.269 g/kg higher than in CK (2.602 g/kg and 8.988 g/kg). The protease activity and bacterial abundance associated with the generation of humic N-containing precursors increased in ABC. Low urease activity and a more complex bacterial N-cycling network were found in PBC. Structural equation model confirmed that AIN formation and BON retention were the dominant strategies for animal-derived and plant-derived biochar, respectively. The findings provided multiple pathways to produce N-enriched compost products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yueqiang Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shaoqi Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Weiwu Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Science, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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30
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Varjani S. Efficient removal of tar employing dolomite catalyst in gasification: Challenges and opportunities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155721. [PMID: 35525358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fossil fuels are currently the dominant source of electricity and energy production around the world. Biomass is one of the most referred renewable carbonaceous resource(s) that can be employed for the waste-to-energy concept. Syngas obtained from biomass gasification can be utilized for a variety of key industrial purposes, including internal gasification engine operation, power generation, and hydrocarbon compound production using the Fisher-Tropsch technique. However, the existence of impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, tar, and particulate matter along with other undesirable chemicals present in syngas are major disadvantages of biomass gasification. Tar is the most difficult among all the pollutants to be removed from syngas; it also causes serious problems in downstream syngas applications. For decades, studies have been performed with various catalysts to remove the tar. Dolomite has shown positive response for tar elimination and hydrogen-enriched gas production. Several studies have been carried out on dolomite for eliminating the tar from syngas. This review encompasses sources of solid waste, the mechanism of catalysis, and in-situ and ex-situ usage of dolomite in the gasification process. It addresses the key issues such as fragmentation and attrition, elutriation, and coke formation along with dolomite's usefulness in amalgamation with other catalysts, environmental consequences, and economic viability of dolomite applications. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities for tar removal using catalysts, with a specific focus on dolomite along with economic and environmental sustainability considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India.
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31
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Wang X, He X, Liang J. Succession of Microbial Community during the Co-Composting of Food Waste Digestate and Garden Waste. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9945. [PMID: 36011580 PMCID: PMC9407818 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are of critical importance during the composting process. The aim of this study was to reveal the bacterial and fungal compositions of a composting pile of food waste digestate and garden waste, where the succession of the microbial communities was monitored using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We explored the efficiency of composting of different microorganisms to judge whether the composting system was running successfully. The results showed that the composting process significantly changed the bacterial and fungal structure. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla of the bacterial communities, while Ascomycota was the dominant phylum of the fungal communities. Moreover, the highest bacterial and fungal biodiversity occurred in the thermophilic stage. The physical and chemical properties of the final compost products conformed to the national standards of fertilizers. The efficient composting functional microbes, including Cladosporium, Bacillus and Saccharomonospora, emerged to be an important sign of a successfully operating composting system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai 200232, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai 200232, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai 200232, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai 200232, China
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Wang N, Huang D, Bai X, Lin Y, Miao Q, Shao M, Xu Q. Mechanism of digestate-derived biochar on odorous gas emissions and humification in composting of digestate from food waste. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128878. [PMID: 35427971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of odorous gases and prolonged composting duration are the key concerns in the composting of digestate from food waste (DFW). In this study, different amounts of biochar derived from DFW (BC-DFW) were introduced in the composting process of DFW to decrease the emissions of ammonia (NH3) and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) and composting duration. The addition of BC-DFW increased the temperature and germination index during DFW composting. The group with 25% BC-DFW exhibited a 30% smaller composting duration. Significant amounts of NH3 and VSCs emissions were observed in the initial phase of DFW composting. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) was a prominent contributor to the odor associated with VSCs. The addition of BC-DFW facilitated the adsorption of NH3 and VSCs, and the corresponding contents decreased by 5-21% and 15-20%, respectively. Moreover,the BC-DFW accelerated the transformation of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) to nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N), thereby alleviating the NH3 volatilization. The addition of 25% BC-DFW minimized the NH3 emission and enhanced the generation of humic-acid-like matter, thereby promoting humification. Therefore, the addition of 25% BC-DFW was optimal for promoting the degradation of organic matter and humification and odor emission reduction (e.g., NH3, DMDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dandan Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinyue Bai
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yeqi Lin
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qianming Miao
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingshuai Shao
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiyong Xu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Eco-efficient Recycled Materials, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, University Town, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Qin W, Zhang J, Hou D, Li X, Jiang H, Chen H, Yu Z, Tomberlin JK, Zhang Z, Li Q. Effects of biochar amendment on bioconversion of soybean dregs by black soldier fly. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154605. [PMID: 35307415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is known to accelerate composting process and improve the quality of end-products. However, its effects on bioconversion of organic waste by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) remains largely unexamined. To investigate the effects of corn straw biochar (CS-BC) on bioconversion of soybean dregs (SD) by BSFL, SD was amended with four different dosages of CS-BC [0%, 2%, 5%, and 8% (w/w)] and digested by BSFL for ten days. The results indicated that the peak values of single larva wet weight in the treatments amended with CS-BC were advanced by 2-3 days and the reduction rate of SD increased from 72.09% to 85.37% with the increasing dosage of CS-BC. Meanwhile, SD mixed with 2%, 5% and 8% of CS-BC decreased ammonia (NH3) emission by 2.7%, 3.6% and 18.0%, respectively. The nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions reduced (-23.6%, -29.1% and -49.2%) with 2%, 5% and 8% CS-BC additions, respectively. In addition, the residual nitrogen of SD‑nitrogen proportionally increased with CS-BC application (28.3%, 28.6%, 30.1% and 35.0% for application at the dosage of 0%, 2%, 5% and 8%, respectively). Based on the comprehensive evaluation of bioconversion performance, alleviation of pollutant gas emission, and nitrogen conservation, we recommend the introduction of 8% (w/w) CS-BC during bioconversion of SD by BSFL. This study confirmed the feasibility of CS-BC as an amendment for the BSFL-based bioconversion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Qin
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dejia Hou
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | | | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qing Li
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Nguyen MK, Lin C, Hoang HG, Sanderson P, Dang BT, Bui XT, Nguyen NSH, Vo DVN, Tran HT. Evaluate the role of biochar during the organic waste composting process: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134488. [PMID: 35385764 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Composting is very robust and efficient for the biodegradation of organic waste; however secondary pollutants, namely greenhouse gases (GHGs) and odorous emissions, are environmental concerns during this process. Biochar addition to compost has attracted the interest of scientists with a lot of publication in recent years because it has addressed this matter and enhanced the quality of compost mixture. This review aims to evaluate the role of biochar during organic waste composting and identify the gaps of knowledge in this field. Moreover, the research direction to fill knowledge gaps was proposed and highlighted. Results demonstrated the commonly referenced conditions during composting mixed biochar should be reached such as pH (6.5-7.5), moisture (50-60%), initial C/N ratio (20-25:1), biochar doses (1-20% w/w), improved oxygen content availability, enhanced the performance and humification, accelerating organic matter decomposition through faster microbial growth. Biochar significantly decreased GHGs and odorous emissions by adding a 5-10% dosage range due to its larger surface area and porosity. On the other hand, with high exchange capacity and interaction with organic matters, biochar enhanced the composting performance humification (e.g., formation humic and fulvic acid). Biochar could extend the thermophilic phase of composting, reduce the pH value, NH3 emission, and prevent nitrogen losses through positive effects to nitrifying bacteria. The surfaces of the biochar particles are partly attributed to the presence of functional groups such as Si-O-Si, OH, COOH, CO, C-O, N for high cation exchange capacity and adsorption. Adding biochars could decrease NH3 emissions in the highest range up to 98%, the removal efficiency of CH4 emissions has been reported with a wide range greater than 80%. Biochar could absorb volatile organic compounds (VOCs) more than 50% in the experiment based on distribution mechanisms and surface adsorption and efficient reduction in metal bioaccessibilities for Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cr and Cd. By applicating biochar improved the compost maturity by promoting enzymatic activity and germination index (>80%). However, physico-chemical properties of biochar such as particle size, pore size, pore volume should be clarified and its influence on the composting process evaluated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ky Nguyen
- Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chitsan Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Hong Giang Hoang
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Finance - Accounting, Dong Nai Technology University, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, 76100, Viet Nam
| | - Peter Sanderson
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bao Trong Dang
- HUTECH University, 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Son Hai Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF), Thai Nguyen, 23000, Viet Nam
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Huu Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Xu M, Sun H, Yang M, Xie D, Sun X, Meng J, Wang Q, Wu C. Biodrying of biogas residue through a thermophilic bacterial agent inoculation: Insights into dewatering contribution and microbial mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127256. [PMID: 35550925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biogas residue (BR) is difficult to transport and compost due to its high moisture content. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the dewatering and microbial mechanisms underlying the inoculation of a thermophilic bacterial agent (TBA) onto BR with a high moisture content (i.e., 90.4%). TBA accounted for 78.7% of the water loss rate in BR, dramatically higher than the effects of aeration, external heat, or indigenous microorganisms (i.e., 1.8%, 0.1%, and 19.4%, respectively). Furthermore, TBA inoculation resulted in a stable product [with a low moisture content (9.4%) and a high seed germination index (107.3%)]. Finally, TBA increased microbial diversity and the abundance of functional bacteria (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota), which might be beneficial for refractory organic compound decomposition and plant growth. Thus, biodrying BR via inoculation with a TBA is recommended economically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haishu Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaohong Sun
- Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qunhui Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuanfu Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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36
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Gaur VK, Gautam K, Sharma P, Gupta S, Pandey A, You S, Varjani S. Carbon-based catalyst for environmental bioremediation and sustainability: Updates and perspectives on techno-economics and life cycle assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112793. [PMID: 35090873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Global rise in the generation of waste has caused an enormous environmental concern and waste management problem. The untreated carbon rich waste serves as a breeding ground for pathogens and thus strategies for production of carbon rich biochar from waste by employing different thermochemical routes namely hydrothermal carbonization, hydrothermal liquefaction and pyrolysis has been of interest by researchers globally. Biochar has been globally produced due to its diverse applications from environmental bioremediation to energy storage. Also, several factors affect the production of biochar including feedstock/biomass type, moisture content, heating rate, and temperature. Recently the application of biochar has increased tremendously owing to the cost effectiveness and eco-friendly nature. Thus this communication summarized and highlights the preferred feedstock for optimized biochar yield along with the factor influencing the production. This review provides a close view on biochar activation approaches and synthesis techniques. The application of biochar in environmental remediation, composting, as a catalyst, and in energy storage has been reviewed. These informative findings were supported with an overview of lifecycle and techno-economical assessments in the production of these carbon based catalysts. Integrated closed loop approaches towards biochar generation with lesser/zero landfill waste for safeguarding the environment has also been discussed. Lastly the research gaps were identified and the future perspectives have been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gaur
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Gautam
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India; India Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 010, India.
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He Y, Huang X, Zhang H, Li H, Zhang Y, Zheng X, Xie L. Insights into the effect of iron-carbon particle amendment on food waste composting: Physicochemical properties and the microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:126939. [PMID: 35247558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of iron-carbon (Fe-C) particle amendment on organic matter degradation, product quality and functional microbial community in food waste composting were investigated. Fe-C particles (10%) were added to the material and composted for 32 days in a lab-scale composting system. The results suggested that Fe-C particle enhanced organic matter degradation by 12.3%, particularly lignocellulose, leading to a greater humification process (increased by 15.5%). In addition, NO3--N generation was enhanced (15.9%) by nitrification with more active ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite oxidoreductase activities in the cooling and maturity periods. Fe-C particles not only significantly increased the relative abundances of Bacillus and Aspergillus for organic matter decomposition, but also decreased the relative abundances of acid-producing bacteria. RDA analysis demonstrated that the bacterial community was significantly influenced by dissolved organic matter, C/N, NO3--N, humic acid, volatile fatty acids and pH, while electrical conductivity was the key factor affecting the fungal community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hongning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Huiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yidie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Hao T, Xiao Y, Varjani S. Transiting from the inhibited steady-state to the steady-state through the ammonium bicarbonate mediation in the anaerobic digestion of low-C/N-ratio food wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127046. [PMID: 35337997 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to determine the effects of NH4+ on anaerobic digestion (AD) metabolism and the feasibility of using NH4HCO3 to improve methane production in an AD system when treating a low-C/N-ratio food waste (FW). Increasing the ammonium concentration (500-1000 mg NH4Cl-N/L) added into the AD system did not limit the methane production but caused the volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, forming an "inhibited steady-state" system. The addition of 200 mg NH4HCO3-N/L increased methane yield by 20% by aiding the microbial oxidation of VFAs. The high acetate content (65-85%) and abundance of acetoclastic methanogens (Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina) indicated an efficient acetoclastic methanogenesis process, which was facilitated by NH4HCO3. The long-term operation of the AD system demonstrated that NH4HCO3, at a concentration of 200 mg N/L, was capable of forming an active buffer system with NH4+ and VFAs, enhancing methane production (221 ± 86 mL/g VS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, PR China
| | - Yihang Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, PR China.
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010, India
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Sharma P, Singh SP, Iqbal HM, Parra-Saldivar R, Varjani S, Tong YW. Genetic modifications associated with sustainability aspects for sustainable developments. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9508-9520. [PMID: 35389819 PMCID: PMC9161841 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2061146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustainable development serves as the foundation for a range of international and national policymaking. Traditional breeding methods have been used to modify plant genomes and production. Genetic engineering is the practice of assisting agricultural systems in adapting to rapidly changing global growth by hastening the breeding of new varieties. On the other hand, the development of genetic engineering has enabled more precise control over the genomic alterations made in recent decades. Genetic changes from one species can now be introduced into a completely unrelated species, increasing agricultural output or making certain elements easier to manufacture. Harvest plants and soil microorganisms are just a few of the more well-known genetically modified creatures. Researchers assess current studies and illustrate the possibility of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) from the perspectives of various stakeholders. GMOs increase yields, reduce costs, and reduce agriculture's terrestrial and ecological footprint. Modern technology benefits innovators, farmers, and consumers alike. Agricultural biotechnology has numerous applications, each with its own set of potential consequences. This will be able to reach its full potential if more people have access to technology and excessive regulation is avoided. This paper covers the regulations for genetically modified crops (GMCs) as well as the economic implications. It also includes sections on biodiversity and environmental impact, as well as GMCs applications. This recounts biotechnological interventions for long-term sustainability in the field of GMCs, as well as the challenges and opportunities in this field of research.Abbreviations: GMCs-Genetically modified crops; GMOs- Genetically modified organisms; GE- Genetic engineering; Bt- Bacillus thuringiensisNIH- National Institutes of Health; FDA- Food and Drug Administration; HGT- Horizontal gene transfer; GM- Genetically modified; rDNA- Ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid; USDA- United States Department of Agriculture; NIH- National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore
| | - Surendra Pratap Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, D.A.V. College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldivar
- FEMSA, Tecnológico de MonterreyEscuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias- Centro de Biotecnología-, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, India
- CONTACT Sunita Varjani ; Yen Wah Tong Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zhang J, Jin X, Zhao H, Yang C. Synergistic advanced oxidation process for enhanced degradation of organic pollutants in spent sulfuric acid over recoverable apricot shell-derived biochar catalyst. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1904-1913. [PMID: 35425227 PMCID: PMC8979036 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07814c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The sulfuric acid-based alkylation process, which leads the industrial application market, still struggles with effectively removing a large number of organic pollutants from hazardous spent sulfuric acid. A synergistic advanced oxidation process was constructed to degrade the organic pollutants with H2O2 and sodium persulfate as the synergistic oxidants and apricot shell-derived biochar (OBC) as the catalyst. Taking the total organic carbon (TOC) and the color scale as the indices, the effects of critical experimental factors, i.e., reaction temperature, initial oxidant concentration, catalyst dosage, and aeration rate, were optimized. The results showed that the removal rates of TOC and the color of the spent sulfuric acid reached ∼91% and 96.6%, respectively, after 150 min under the optimum conditions. Besides, the efficient and low-cost OBC catalyst developed in this study could be continuously used for at least four times with about 75% TOC removal and 80% color removal, exhibiting favorable stability and good resistance to acid corrosion. Further study confirmed that the SO4−˙ and ˙OH radicals generated in the synergistic advanced oxidation process strengthened the degradation and elimination of organic pollutants. The synergistic advanced oxidation process could provide a feasible insight for spent sulfuric acid treatment. A synergistic advanced oxidation process was constructed to degrade the organic pollutants in spent sulfuric acid with apricot shell-derived biochar as the catalyst. It realized the effect of treating waste with waste.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, People's Republic of China
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Ahmad WA, Latif NA, Zaidel DNA, Ghazi RM, Terada A, Aguilar CN, Zakaria ZA. Microbial Biotransformation and Biomineralization of Organic-Rich Waste. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2021; 7:435-447. [DOI: 10.1007/s40726-021-00205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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