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Jiang X, Shi C, Wang Z, Huang L, Chi L. Healthcare Monitoring Sensors Based on Organic Transistors: Surface/Interface Strategy and Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308952. [PMID: 37951211 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic transistors possess inherent advantages such as flexibility, biocompatibility, customizable chemical structures, solution-processability, and amplifying capabilities, making them highly promising for portable healthcare sensor applications. Through convenient and diverse modifications at the material and device surfaces or interfaces, organic transistors allow for a wide range of sensor applications spanning from chemical and biological to physical sensing. In this comprehensive review, the surface and interface engineering aspect associated with four types of typical healthcare sensors is focused. The device operation principles and sensing mechanisms are systematically analyzed and highlighted, and particularly surface/interface functionalization strategies that contribute to the enhancement of sensing performance are focused. An outlook and perspective on the critical issues and challenges in the field of healthcare sensing using organic transistors are provided as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- Suzhou Laboratory, 388 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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2
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Deng M, Yang H, Zhang H, Li C, Chen J, Tang W, Wang X, Chen Z, Li J. Portable and Rapid Dual-Biomarker Detection Using Solution-Gated Graphene Field Transistors in the Accurate Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302117. [PMID: 37922499 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the common serum-relevant biomarker for early prostate cancer (PCa) detection in clinical diagnosis. However, it is difficult to accurately diagnose PCa in the early stage due to the low specificity of PSA. Herein, a new solution-gated graphene field transistor (SGGT) biosensor with dual-gate for dual-biomarker detection is designed. The sensing mechanism is that the designed aptamers immobilized on the surface of the gate electrodes can capture PSA and sarcosine (SAR) biomolecules and induce the capacitance changes of the electric double layers of SGGT. The limit of detections of PSA and SAR biomarkers can reach 0.01 fg mL-1 , which is three-to-four orders of magnitude lower than previously reported assays. The detection time of PSA and SAR is ≈4.5 and ≈13 min, which is significantly faster than the detection time (1-2 h) of conventional methods. The clinical serum samples testing demonstrates that the biosensor can distinguish the PCa patients from the control group and the diagnosis accuracy can reach 100%. The SGGT biosensor can be integrated into the portable platform and the diagnostic results can directly display on the smartphone/Pad. Therefore, the integrated portable platform of the biosensor can distinguish cancer types through the dual-biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
- College of Computer and Information Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Huibin Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqian Li
- College of Computer and Information Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, P. R. China
| | - Jingqiu Chen
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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3
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Deng M, Li J, Xiao B, Ren Z, Li Z, Yu H, Li J, Wang J, Chen Z, Wang X. Ultrasensitive Label-Free DNA Detection Based on Solution-Gated Graphene Transistors Functionalized with Carbon Quantum Dots. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3320-3327. [PMID: 35147418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly sensitive, reliable, cost-effective label-free DNA biosensors is challenging with traditional fluorescence, electrochemical, and other techniques. Most conventional methods require labeling fluorescence, enzymes, or other complex modification. Herein, we fabricate carbon quantum dot (CQD)-functionalized solution-gated graphene transistors for highly sensitive label-free DNA detection. The CQDs are immobilized on the surface of the gate electrode through mercaptoacetic acid with the thiol group. A single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe is immobilized on CQDs by strong π-π interactions. The ssDNA probe can hybridize with the ssDNA target and form double-stranded DNA, which led to a shift of Dirac voltage and the channel current response. The limit of detection can reach 1 aM which is 2-5 orders of magnitude lower than those of other methods reported previously. The sensor also exhibits a good linear range from 1 aM to 0.1 nM and has good specificity. It can effectively distinguish one-base mismatched target DNA. The response time is about 326 s for the 1 aM target DNA molecules. This work provides good perspectives on the applications in biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Bichen Xiao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhanpeng Ren
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Ziqin Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiashen Li
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jianying Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, P. R. China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
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Cui TR, Qiao YC, Gao JW, Wang CH, Zhang Y, Han L, Yang Y, Ren TL. Ultrasensitive Detection of COVID-19 Causative Virus (SARS-CoV-2) Spike Protein Using Laser Induced Graphene Field-Effect Transistor. Molecules 2021; 26:6947. [PMID: 34834039 PMCID: PMC8621829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly contagious human infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the war with the virus is still underway. Since no specific drugs have been made available yet and there is an imbalance between supply and demand for vaccines, early diagnosis and isolation are essential to control the outbreak. Current nucleic acid testing methods require high sample quality and laboratory conditions, which cannot meet flexible applications. Here, we report a laser-induced graphene field-effect transistor (LIG-FET) for detecting SARS-CoV-2. The FET was manufactured by different reduction degree LIG, with an oyster reef-like porous graphene channel to enrich the binding point between the virus protein and sensing area. After immobilizing specific antibodies in the channel, the FET can detect the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 15 min at a concentration of 1 pg/mL in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 1 ng/mL in human serum. In addition, the sensor shows great specificity to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Our sensors can realize fast production for COVID-19 rapid testing, as each LIG-FET can be fabricated by a laser platform in seconds. It is the first time that LIG has realized a virus sensing FET without any sample pretreatment or labeling, which paves the way for low-cost and rapid detection of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Rui Cui
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.-R.C.); (Y.-C.Q.)
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan-Cong Qiao
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.-R.C.); (Y.-C.Q.)
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian-Wei Gao
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-W.G.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-W.G.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-W.G.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-W.G.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.-R.C.); (Y.-C.Q.)
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- School of Integrated Circuit, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (T.-R.C.); (Y.-C.Q.)
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Li S, Huang K, Fan Q, Yang S, Shen T, Mei T, Wang J, Wang X, Chang G, Li J. Highly sensitive solution-gated graphene transistors for label-free DNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 136:91-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Awsiuk K, Petrou P, Thanassoulas A, Raczkowska J. Orientation of Biotin-Binding Sites in Streptavidin Adsorbed onto the Surface of Polythiophene Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3058-3066. [PMID: 30696244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The orientation of biotin-binding sites of streptavidin adsorbed to thin films of three polythiophenes (PTs), namely, regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RP3HT), regiorandom poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT), and poly(3,3‴-didodecylquaterthiophene) (PQT12), has been investigated. Polymer films were examined prior to and after protein adsorption with atomic force microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to ToF-SIMS data revealed subtle changes in surface chemistry of polymer films and orientation of adsorbed streptavidin. PCA resolved the surface alignment of alkyl side chains and differentiated the ToF-SIMS data for PQT12, RP3HT, and P3BT, verifying an amorphous morphology for P3BT and a semicrystalline one for PQT12 and RP3HT. After the characterization of the polymeric films, streptavidin adsorption from solutions with different protein concentrations (up to 300 μg/mL) has been conducted. The PCA results distinguished between amino acids characteristic for external regions of streptavidin molecules adsorbed to different PTs suggest that streptavidin adsorbed to PQT12 exposes molecular regions rich in tryptophan and tyrosine, which are components of the biotin-binding sites. The latter results were confirmed using biotin-labeled horse radish peroxidase to estimate the exposed binding sites of streptavidin adsorbed onto the different PT films. The analysis of streptavidin structure suggests that interaction between polythiophene film and dipole moment of streptavidin subunit is responsible for orientation of biotin-binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Awsiuk
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , 30-348 Kraków , Poland
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety , NCSR Demokritos , 15310 Agia Paraskevi , Greece
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety , NCSR Demokritos , 15310 Agia Paraskevi , Greece
| | - Angelos Thanassoulas
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety , NCSR Demokritos , 15310 Agia Paraskevi , Greece
| | - Joanna Raczkowska
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics , Jagiellonian University , Łojasiewicza 11 , 30-348 Kraków , Poland
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Li H, Shi W, Song J, Jang HJ, Dailey J, Yu J, Katz HE. Chemical and Biomolecule Sensing with Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Chem Rev 2018; 119:3-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hyun-June Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jennifer Dailey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Howard E. Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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Casalini S, Bortolotti CA, Leonardi F, Biscarini F. Self-assembled monolayers in organic electronics. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:40-71. [PMID: 27722675 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00509h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly is possibly the most effective and versatile strategy for surface functionalization. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be formed on (semi-)conductor and dielectric surfaces, and have been used in a variety of technological applications. This work aims to review the strategy behind the design and use of self-assembled monolayers in organic electronics, discuss the mechanism of interaction of SAMs in a microscopic device, and highlight the applications emerging from the integration of SAMs in an organic device. The possibility of performing surface chemistry tailoring with SAMs constitutes a versatile approach towards the tuning of the electronic and morphological properties of the interfaces relevant to the response of an organic electronic device. Functionalisation with SAMs is important not only for imparting stability to the device or enhancing its performance, as sought at the early stages of development of this field. SAM-functionalised organic devices give rise to completely new types of behavior that open unprecedented applications, such as ultra-sensitive label-free biosensors and SAM/organic transistors that can be used as robust experimental gauges for studying charge tunneling across SAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Casalini
- Life Sciences Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Carlo Augusto Bortolotti
- Life Sciences Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy. and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute for Nanosciences, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Leonardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute for Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Life Sciences Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy. and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute for Nanostructured Materials (ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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Yang J, Yin X, Xia M, Zhang W. Tungsten disulfide nanosheets supported poly(xanthurenic acid) as a signal transduction interface for electrochemical genosensing applications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39703-39709. [PMID: 35558023 PMCID: PMC9091227 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08669a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets supported poly(xanthurenic acid) (PXa) was used as the signal transduction interface for electrochemical genosensing. The WS2 nanosheets were obtained from bulk WS2 using a simple ultrasonic method. Due to the unique physical adsorption of Xa monomers to WS2, the electropolymerization efficiency was greatly improved, accompanied with an increased electrochemical response of PXa. The obtained PXa/WS2 nanocomposite not only served as a substrate for DNA immobilization but also reflected the electrochemical transduction originating from DNA immobilization and hybridization without any other indicators or complicated labelling steps. Owing to the presence of abundant carboxyl groups, the probe ssDNA was covalently attached on the carboxyl-terminated PXa/WS2 nanocomposite through the free amines of DNA sequences based on the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydrosulfosuccinimide crosslinking reaction. The covalently immobilized probe ssDNA could selectively hybridize with its target DNA to form dsDNA on the surface of the PXa/WS2 nanocomposite. This developed biosensor achieved a satisfactory detection limit down to 1.6 × 10−16 mol L−1 and a dynamic range of 1.0 × 10−15 to 1.0 × 10−11 mol L−1 for detection of circulating tumor DNA related to gastric carcinoma. Selectivity of the biosensor has been investigated in presence of non-complementary, one-mismatched and two-mismatched DNA sequences. An electrochemical signal transduction sensing interface for detecting PIK3CA gene was developed based on WS2 nanosheets supported PXa.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Linyi University
- Linyi 276005
- China
| | - Xuesong Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Linyi University
- Linyi 276005
- China
| | - Min Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Linyi University
- Linyi 276005
- China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Linyi University
- Linyi 276005
- China
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Makaraviciute A, Xu X, Nyholm L, Zhang Z. Systematic Approach to the Development of Microfabricated Biosensors: Relationship between Gold Surface Pretreatment and Thiolated Molecule Binding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:26610-26621. [PMID: 28726367 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing popularity of microfabricated biosensors due to advances in technologic and surface functionalization strategies, their successful implementation is partially inhibited by the lack of consistency in their analytical characteristics. One of the main causes for the discrepancies is the absence of a systematic and comprehensive approach to surface functionalization. In this article microfabricated gold electrodes aimed at biosensor development have been systematically characterized in terms of surface pretreatment, thiolated molecule binding, and reproducibility by means of X-ray photoelectron scattering (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). It has been shown that after SU-8 photolithography gold surfaces were markedly contaminated, which decreased the effective surface area and surface coverage of a model molecule mercaptohexanol (MCH). Three surface pretreatment methods compatible with microfabricated devices were compared. The investigated methods were (i) cyclic voltammetry in dilute H2SO4, (ii) gentle basic piranha followed by linear sweep voltammetry in dilute KOH, and (iii) oxygen plasma treatment followed by incubation in ethanol. It was shown that all three methods significantly decreased the contamination and increased MCH surface coverage. Most importantly, it was also revealed that surface pretreatments may induce structural changes to the gold surfaces. Accordingly, these alterations influence the characteristics of MCH functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Makaraviciute
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xingxing Xu
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Nyholm
- Department of Chemistry, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Division of Solid-State Electronics, Department of Engineering Sciences, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , P.O. Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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12
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Electrolytic Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistors for Application in Biosensors—A Review. ELECTRONICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics5010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Park B, Bae IG, Kwon OE, Jeon HG. Organic thin-film transistors fabricated using a slot-die-coating process and related sensing applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein present the results of a study involving the fabrication of semiconductor thin films for organic thin-film transistors composed of a small molecular TIPS-PEN composite blended with a polymer binder of PaMS, i.e., TIPS-PEN:PaMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoungchoo Park
- Department of Electrophysics
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 139-701
- Korea
| | - In-Gon Bae
- Department of Electrophysics
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 139-701
- Korea
| | - O. Eun Kwon
- Department of Electrophysics
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 139-701
- Korea
| | - Hong Goo Jeon
- Department of Electrophysics
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 139-701
- Korea
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Magliulo M, Manoli K, Macchia E, Palazzo G, Torsi L. Tailoring Functional Interlayers in Organic Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7528-51. [PMID: 25429859 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to provide an update on the development involving dielectric/organic semiconductor (OSC) interfaces for the realization of biofunctional organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Specific focus is given on biointerfaces and recent technological approaches where biological materials serve as interlayers in back-gated OFETs for biosensing applications. Initially, to better understand the effects produced by the presence of biomolecules deposited at the dielectric/OSC interfacial region, the tuning of the dielectric surface properties by means of self-assembled monolayers is discussed. Afterward, emphasis is given to the modification of solid-state dielectric surfaces, in particular inorganic dielectrics, with biological molecules such as peptides and proteins. Special attention is paid on how the presence of an interlayer of biomolecules and bioreceptors underneath the OSC impacts on the charge transport and sensing performance of the device. Moreover, naturally occurring materials, such as carbohydrates and DNA, used directly as bulk gating materials in OFETs are reviewed. The role of metal contact/OSC interface in the overall performance of OFET-based sensors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magliulo
- Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 470125, Bari, Italy
| | - Kyriaki Manoli
- Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 470125, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Macchia
- Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 470125, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica "M. Merlin", Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona, 470125, Bari, Italy
| | - Gerardo Palazzo
- Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 470125, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torsi
- Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 470125, Bari, Italy
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15
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Liao C, Zhang M, Yao MY, Hua T, Li L, Yan F. Flexible Organic Electronics in Biology: Materials and Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7493-527. [PMID: 25393596 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
At the convergence of organic electronics and biology, organic bioelectronics attracts great scientific interest. The potential applications of organic semiconductors to reversibly transmit biological signals or stimulate biological tissues inspires many research groups to explore the use of organic electronics in biological systems. Considering the surfaces of movable living tissues being arbitrarily curved at physiological environments, the flexibility of organic bioelectronic devices is of paramount importance in enabling stable and reliable performances by improving the contact and interaction of the devices with biological systems. Significant advances in flexible organic bio-electronics have been achieved in the areas of flexible organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), polymer electrodes, smart textiles, organic electrochemical ion pumps (OEIPs), ion bipolar junction transistors (IBJTs) and chemiresistors. This review will firstly discuss the materials used in flexible organic bioelectronics, which is followed by an overview on various types of flexible organic bioelectronic devices. The versatility of flexible organic bioelectronics promises a bright future for this emerging area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizhi Liao
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Mei Yu Yao
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tao Hua
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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16
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Zhao L, Cao D, Gao Z, Mi B, Huang W. Label-Free DNA Sensors Based on Field-Effect Transistors with Semiconductor of Carbon Materials. CHINESE J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201500254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Field effect sensors for nucleic Acid detection: recent advances and future perspectives. SENSORS 2015; 15:10380-98. [PMID: 25946631 PMCID: PMC4481962 DOI: 10.3390/s150510380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade the use of field-effect-based devices has become a basic structural element in a new generation of biosensors that allow label-free DNA analysis. In particular, ion sensitive field effect transistors (FET) are the basis for the development of radical new approaches for the specific detection and characterization of DNA due to FETs’ greater signal-to-noise ratio, fast measurement capabilities, and possibility to be included in portable instrumentation. Reliable molecular characterization of DNA and/or RNA is vital for disease diagnostics and to follow up alterations in gene expression profiles. FET biosensors may become a relevant tool for molecular diagnostics and at point-of-care. The development of these devices and strategies should be carefully designed, as biomolecular recognition and detection events must occur within the Debye length. This limitation is sometimes considered to be fundamental for FET devices and considerable efforts have been made to develop better architectures. Herein we review the use of field effect sensors for nucleic acid detection strategies—from production and functionalization to integration in molecular diagnostics platforms, with special focus on those that have made their way into the diagnostics lab.
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18
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Chand R, Jeun JH, Park MH, Kim JM, Shin IS, Kim YS. Electroimmobilization of DNA for ultrafast detection on a microchannel integrated pentacene TFT. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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20
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Jiang QJ, Wu CJ, Cheng JP, Li XD, Lu B, Ye ZZ, Lu JG. Solvent sensors based on amorphous ZnSnO thin-film transistors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02125a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A feasible mechanism model is proposed to explain the strong sensitivity of a-ZTO TFTs towards solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. J. Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - C. J. Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - J. P. Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - X. D. Li
- Xinyi PV Products (Anhui) Holdings LTD
- ETDZ
- Wuhu 241009
- China
| | - B. Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Z. Z. Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - J. G. Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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21
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Yan F, Zhang M, Li J. Solution-gated graphene transistors for chemical and biological sensors. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:313-31. [PMID: 23950074 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Graphene has attracted much attention in biomedical applications for its fascinating properties. Because of the well-known 2D structure, every atom of graphene is exposed to the environment, so the electronic properties of graphene are very sensitive to charged analytes (ions, DNA, cells, etc.) or an electric field around it, which renders graphene an ideal material for high-performance sensors. Solution-gated graphene transistors (SGGTs) can operate in electrolytes and are thus excellent candidates for chemical and biological sensors, which have been extensively studied in the recent 5 years. Here, the device physics, the sensing mechanisms, and the performance of the recently developed SGGT-based chemical and biological sensors, including pH, ion, cell, bacterial, DNA, protein, glucose sensors, etc., are introduced. Their advantages and shortcomings, in comparison with some conventional techniques, are discussed. Conclusions and challenges for the future development of the field are addressed in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Center; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon; Hong Kong China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Center; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon; Hong Kong China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Center; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Kowloon; Hong Kong China
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22
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Kumar B, Kaushik BK, Negi YS. Organic Thin Film Transistors: Structures, Models, Materials, Fabrication, and Applications: A Review. POLYM REV 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2013.848455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Yan F, Tang H. Application of thin-film transistors in label-free DNA biosensors. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 10:547-9. [DOI: 10.1586/erm.10.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Strakosas X, Sessolo M, Hama A, Rivnay J, Stavrinidou E, Malliaras GG, Owens RM. A facile biofunctionalisation route for solution processable conducting polymer devices. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2537-2545. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21491e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
For the majority of biosensors or biomedical devices, immobilization of the biorecognition element is a critical step for device function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenofon Strakosas
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
| | - Michele Sessolo
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
| | - Adel Hama
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
| | - Eleni Stavrinidou
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
| | - Roisin M. Owens
- Department of Bioelectronics
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- CMP-EMSE
- MOC
- , France
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25
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Liao C, Zhang M, Niu L, Zheng Z, Yan F. Organic electrochemical transistors with graphene-modified gate electrodes for highly sensitive and selective dopamine sensors. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:191-200. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Rivnay J, Leleux P, Sessolo M, Khodagholy D, Hervé T, Fiocchi M, Malliaras GG. Organic electrochemical transistors with maximum transconductance at zero gate bias. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:7010-7014. [PMID: 24123258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201303080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
By varying device geometry we have engineered organic electrochemical transistors that exhibit their maximum transconductance at zero gate bias. This enables the design of a simplified amplifying transducer, allowing for improved integration with biomedical systems where prolonged gate bias can be detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 route de Mimet, 13541, Gardanne, France
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27
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Kim SJ, Jung J, Lee KW, Yoon DH, Jung TS, Dugasani SR, Park SH, Kim HJ. Low-cost label-free electrical detection of artificial DNA nanostructures using solution-processed oxide thin-film transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10715-10720. [PMID: 24074004 DOI: 10.1021/am402857w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A high-sensitivity, label-free method for detecting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) using solution-processed oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) was developed. Double-crossover (DX) DNA nanostructures with different concentrations of divalent Cu ion (Cu(2+)) were immobilized on an In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) back-channel surface, which changed the electrical performance of the IGZO TFTs. The detection mechanism of the IGZO TFT-based DNA biosensor is attributed to electron trapping and electrostatic interactions caused by negatively charged phosphate groups on the DNA backbone. Furthermore, Cu(2+) in DX DNA nanostructures generates a current path when a gate bias is applied. The direct effect on the electrical response implies that solution-processed IGZO TFTs could be used to realize low-cost and high-sensitivity DNA biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Joon Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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28
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Liao C, Yan F. Organic Semiconductors in Organic Thin-Film Transistor-Based Chemical and Biological Sensors. POLYM REV 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2013.808665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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29
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Lai S, Demelas M, Casula G, Cosseddu P, Barbaro M, Bonfiglio A. Ultralow voltage, OTFT-based sensor for label-free DNA detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:103-107. [PMID: 23027594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An organic ultralow voltage field effect transistor for DNA hybridization detection is presented. The transduction mechanism is based on a field-effect modulation due to the electrical charge of the oligonucleotides, so label-free detection can be performed. The device shows a sub-nanometer detection limit and unprecedented selectivity with respect to single nucleotide polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lai
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica ed Elettronica, Università di Cagliari, Italy
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30
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Jung J, Kim SJ, Yoon DH, Kim B, Park SH, Kim HJ. Electrical responses of artificial DNA nanostructures on solution-processed In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors with multistacked active layers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:98-102. [PMID: 23211212 DOI: 10.1021/am302210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We propose solution-processed In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with multistacked active layers for detecting artificial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Enhanced sensing ability and stable electrical performance of TFTs were achieved through use of multistacked active layers. Our IGZO TFT had a turn-on voltage (V(on)) of -0.8 V and a subthreshold swing (SS) value of 0.48 V/decade. A dry-wet method was adopted to immobilize double-crossover DNA on the IGZO surface, after which an anomalous hump effect accompanying a significant decrease in V(on) (-13.6 V) and degradation of SS (1.29 V/decade) was observed. This sensing behavior was attributed to the middle interfaces of the multistacked active layers and the negatively charged phosphate groups on the DNA backbone, which generated a parasitic path in the TFT device. These results compared favorably with those reported for conventional field-effect transistor-based DNA sensors with remarkable sensitivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohye Jung
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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31
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Jimison LH, Tria SA, Khodagholy D, Gurfinkel M, Lanzarini E, Hama A, Malliaras GG, Owens RM. Measurement of barrier tissue integrity with an organic electrochemical transistor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5919-5923. [PMID: 22949380 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The integration of an organic electrochemical transistor with human barrier tissue cells provides a novel method for assessing toxicology of compounds in vitro. Minute variations in paracellular ionic flux induced by toxic compounds are measured in real time, with unprecedented temporal resolution and extreme sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie H Jimison
- Department of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 880 Rue de Mimet, Gardanne 13541, France
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32
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33
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Lin P, Yan F. Organic thin-film transistors for chemical and biological sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:34-51. [PMID: 22102447 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201103334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) show promising applications in various chemical and biological sensors. The advantages of OTFT-based sensors include high sensitivity, low cost, easy fabrication, flexibility and biocompatibility. In this paper, we review the chemical sensors and biosensors based on two types of OTFTs, including organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), mainly focusing on the papers published in the past 10 years. Various types of OTFT-based sensors, including pH, ion, glucose, DNA, enzyme, antibody-antigen, cell-based sensors, dopamine sensor, etc., are classified and described in the paper in sequence. The sensing mechanisms and the detection limits of the devices are described in details. It is expected that OTFTs may have more important applications in chemical and biological sensing with the development of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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34
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Ultrasensitive indicator-free and enhanced self-signal nanohybrid DNA sensing platform based on electrochemically grown poly-xanthurenic acid/Fe2O3 membranes. Biosens Bioelectron 2012; 31:182-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Ramesh M, Lin HC, Chu CW. Stable organic thin film transducers for biochemical and label-free sensing under physiological conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32561f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Lin P, Luo X, Hsing IM, Yan F. Organic electrochemical transistors integrated in flexible microfluidic systems and used for label-free DNA sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:4035-40. [PMID: 21793055 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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37
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Advances in organic transistor-based biosensors: from organic electrochemical transistors to electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:1813-26. [PMID: 21910013 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Organic electronics have, over the past two decades, developed into an exciting area of research and technology to replace classic inorganic semiconductors. Organic photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and thin-film transistors are already well developed and are currently being commercialized for a variety of applications. More recently, organic transistors have found new applications in the field of biosensors. The progress made in this direction is the topic of this review. Various configurations are presented, with their detection principle, and illustrated by examples from the literature.
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38
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Tang H, Lin P, Chan HLW, Yan F. Highly sensitive dopamine biosensors based on organic electrochemical transistors. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:4559-63. [PMID: 21652201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) with different gate electrodes, including graphite, Au and Pt electrode, etc., have been used as dopamine sensor for the first time. The sensitivity of the OECT to dopamine depends on its gate electrode and operation voltage. We find that the device with a Pt gate electrode characterized at the gate voltage of 0.6 V shows the highest sensitivity. The detection limit of the device to dopamine is lower than 5 nM, which is one order of magnitude better than a conventional electrochemical measurement with the same Pt electrode. It is expected that OECT is a good candidate for low cost and highly sensitive biosensor for the detection of dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Applied Physics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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39
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Kim JM, Jha SK, Chand R, Lee DH, Kim YS. DNA hybridization sensor based on pentacene thin film transistor. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:2264-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Guo Y, Yu G, Liu Y. Functional organic field-effect transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:4427-47. [PMID: 20853375 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) have attracted increasing attention in the past few years due to their wide variety of potential applications. Research on functional OFETs underpins future advances in organic electronics. In this review, different types of functional OFETs including organic phototransistors, organic memory FETs, organic light emitting FETs, sensors based on OFETs and other functional OFETs are introduced. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of this field, the history, current status of research, main challenges and prospects for functional OFETs are all discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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41
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Lin P, Yan F, Yu J, Chan HLW, Yang M. The application of organic electrochemical transistors in cell-based biosensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:3655-3660. [PMID: 20661950 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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42
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Lin TW, Kekuda D, Chu CW. Label-free detection of DNA using novel organic-based electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 25:2706-10. [PMID: 20483584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have constructed the first organic field effect sensor based on an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structure (OEIS) and applied this novel device to pH and DNA sensing. Variations in the insulator-electrolyte surface potential, which originate from either the change of the ionization states of the insulator surface groups or the binding of charged molecules to the insulator surface, modify the flat band voltage (V(FB)) of the OEIS sensor. The pH sensing experiments of OEIS sensor showed that the output signal linearly depended on pH solution in the range from pH 2 to pH 12, and an average sensitivity of 44.1 mV/pH was obtained. In the biosensing experiments, the absorption of positively charged poly-L-lysine on the insulator surface resulted in the reduction of the V(FB) value, whereas the subsequent binding of negatively charged single-stranded DNA probe (ssDNA) via electrostatic interaction increased the V(FB) value. Furthermore, the ssDNA-immobilized OEIS device was successfully used for the detection of DNA hybridization. The detection limit of complementary DNA was as low as 1 microM, and the output signal of OEIS biosensor linearly increased with the logarithm of complementary DNA concentration in the range from 5x10(-5) to 10(-7) M. The easy and inexpensive fabrication of the OEIS device allows to be served as a potentially disposable and sensitive biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Wu Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
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43
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Lin P, Yan F, Chan HLW. Improvement of the tunable wettability property of poly(3-alkylthiophene) films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:7465-7470. [PMID: 19413307 DOI: 10.1021/la900387m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The surface wettability properties of poly(3-alkylthiophene) (P3AT) can be reversibly switched between hydrophobic and hydrophilic states by a low-voltage electrochemical approach. The switching processes corresponding to the oxidation and deoxidation processes of the polymer films have been systematically studied. The tunable region of the contact angle of the polymer films is dependent on the type of dopant, and the biggest effect was induced by SO4(2-) doping, which changes the contact angle for about 30 degrees. The tunable amplitude of the contact angle has been substantially enlarged by coating the polymer film on a substrate patterned with micrometer-sized posts, which shows a static contact angle of 147.4 degrees at neutral state and 62.2 degrees at oxidized state. It is envisaged that the polymer films have potential applications as low cost disposable wettability switches in microfluidics and contact-printing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Qian H, He L. Surface-Initiated Activators Generated by Electron Transfer for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Detection of DNA Point Mutation. Anal Chem 2009; 81:4536-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900401m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Lin He
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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