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Heuberger L, Messmer D, dos Santos EC, Scherrer D, Lörtscher E, Schoenenberger C, Palivan CG. Microfluidic Giant Polymer Vesicles Equipped with Biopores for High-Throughput Screening of Bacteria. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307103. [PMID: 38158637 PMCID: PMC10953582 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance is critical for the development of new therapeutics. Traditional methods for testing bacteria are often limited in their efficiency and reusability. Single bacterial cells can be studied at high throughput using double emulsions, although the lack of control over the oil shell permeability and limited access to the droplet interior present serious drawbacks. Here, a straightforward strategy for studying bacteria-encapsulating double emulsion-templated giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) is introduced. This microfluidic approach serves to simultaneously load bacteria inside synthetic GUVs and to permeabilize their membrane with the pore-forming peptide melittin. This enables antibiotic delivery or the influx of fresh medium into the GUV lumen for highly parallel cultivation and antimicrobial efficacy testing. Polymer-based GUVs proved to be efficient culture and analysis microvessels, as microfluidics allow easy selection and encapsulation of bacteria and rapid modification of culture conditions for antibiotic development. Further, a method for in situ profiling of biofilms within GUVs for high-throughput screening is demonstrated. Conceivably, synthetic GUVs equipped with biopores can serve as a foundation for the high-throughput screening of bacterial colony interactions during biofilm formation and for investigating the effect of antibiotics on biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Heuberger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 22Basel4002Switzerland
| | - Daniel Messmer
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 22Basel4002Switzerland
| | - Elena C. dos Santos
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 22Basel4002Switzerland
| | - Dominik Scherrer
- IBM Research Europe–ZürichSäumerstrasse 4Rüschlikon8803Switzerland
| | - Emanuel Lörtscher
- IBM Research Europe–ZürichSäumerstrasse 4Rüschlikon8803Switzerland
- NCCR‐Molecular Systems EngineeringMattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1095Basel4058Switzerland
| | | | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselMattenstrasse 22Basel4002Switzerland
- NCCR‐Molecular Systems EngineeringMattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1095Basel4058Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute (SNI)University of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 82Basel4056Switzerland
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2
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Gomez-Cruz C, Laguna S, Bachiller-Pulido A, Quilez C, Cañadas-Ortega M, Albert-Smet I, Ripoll J, Muñoz-Barrutia A. Single Plane Illumination Microscopy for Microfluidic Device Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1110. [PMID: 36551076 PMCID: PMC9775991 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional imaging of live processes at a cellular level is a challenging task. It requires high-speed acquisition capabilities, low phototoxicity, and low mechanical disturbances. Three-dimensional imaging in microfluidic devices poses additional challenges as a deep penetration of the light source is required, along with a stationary setting, so the flows are not perturbed. Different types of fluorescence microscopy techniques have been used to address these limitations; particularly, confocal microscopy and light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). This manuscript proposes a novel architecture of a type of LSFM, single-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM). This custom-made microscope includes two mirror galvanometers to scan the sample vertically and reduce shadowing artifacts while avoiding unnecessary movement. In addition, two electro-tunable lenses fine-tune the focus position and reduce the scattering caused by the microfluidic devices. The microscope has been fully set up and characterized, achieving a resolution of 1.50 μm in the x-y plane and 7.93 μm in the z-direction. The proposed architecture has risen to the challenges posed when imaging microfluidic devices and live processes, as it can successfully acquire 3D volumetric images together with time-lapse recordings, and it is thus a suitable microscopic technique for live tracking miniaturized tissue and disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gomez-Cruz
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Sonia Laguna
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Ariadna Bachiller-Pulido
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Cristina Quilez
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Marina Cañadas-Ortega
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Ignacio Albert-Smet
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
| | - Jorge Ripoll
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Evtugyn G, Porfireva A, Tsekenis G, Oravczova V, Hianik T. Electrochemical Aptasensors for Antibiotics Detection: Recent Achievements and Applications for Monitoring Food Safety. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3684. [PMID: 35632093 PMCID: PMC9143886 DOI: 10.3390/s22103684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are often used in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of bacterial diseases. However, extensive use of antibiotics in agriculture can result in the contamination of common food staples such as milk. Consumption of contaminated products can cause serious illness and a rise in antibiotic resistance. Conventional methods of antibiotics detection such are microbiological assays chromatographic and mass spectroscopy methods are sensitive; however, they require qualified personnel, expensive instruments, and sample pretreatment. Biosensor technology can overcome these drawbacks. This review is focused on the recent achievements in the electrochemical biosensors based on nucleic acid aptamers for antibiotic detection. A brief explanation of conventional methods of antibiotic detection is also provided. The methods of the aptamer selection are explained, together with the approach used for the improvement of aptamer affinity by post-SELEX modification and computer modeling. The substantial focus of this review is on the explanation of the principles of the electrochemical detection of antibiotics by aptasensors and on recent achievements in the development of electrochemical aptasensors. The current trends and problems in practical applications of aptasensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennady Evtugyn
- A.M. Butlerov’ Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (G.E.); (A.P.)
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Chemical Technology Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anna Porfireva
- A.M. Butlerov’ Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Street, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (G.E.); (A.P.)
| | - George Tsekenis
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Veronika Oravczova
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Tibor Hianik
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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4
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Zhang H, Yao Y, Hui Y, Zhang L, Zhou N, Ju F. A 3D-printed microfluidic gradient concentration chip for rapid antibiotic-susceptibility testing. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-021-00173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Optimization of microbiological plastic film test plate conditions for rapid detection of antibiotics in milk. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Development of an Inverted Epifluorescence Microscope for Long-Term Monitoring of Bacteria in Multiplexed Microfluidic Devices. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20154140. [PMID: 32722401 PMCID: PMC7435752 DOI: 10.3390/s20154140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Developing more efficient methods for antibiotic susceptibility testing is a pressing issue in novel drug development as bacterial resistance to antibiotics becomes increasingly common. Microfluidic devices have been demonstrated to be powerful platforms that allow researchers to perform multiplexed antibiotic testing. However, the level of multiplexing within microdevices is limited, evidencing the need of creating simple, low-cost and high-resolution imaging systems that can be integrated in antibiotic development pipelines. This paper describes the design and development of an epifluorescence inverted microscope that enables long-term monitoring of bacteria inside multiplexed microfluidic devices. The goal of this work is to provide a simple microscope powerful enough to allow single-cell analysis of bacteria at a reduced cost. This facilitates increasing the number of microscopes that are simultaneously used for antibiotic testing. We prove that the designed system is able to accurately detect fluorescent beads of 100 nm, demonstrating comparable features to high-end commercial microscopes and effectively achieving the resolution required for single-cell analysis of bacteria. The proposed microscope could thus increase the efficiency in antibiotic testing while reducing cost, size, weight, and power requirements, contributing to the successful development of new antibiotic drugs.
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7
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On-chip Carba NP test for accurate and high throughput detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Talanta 2020; 210:120656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Wang T, Yu C, Xie X. Microfluidics for Environmental Applications. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 179:267-290. [PMID: 32440697 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip systems have become increasingly important tools across many research fields in recent years. As a result of their small size and precise flow control, as well as their ability to enable in situ process visualization, microfluidic systems are increasingly finding applications in environmental science and engineering. Broadly speaking, their main present applications within these fields include use as sensors for water contaminant analysis (e.g., heavy metals and organic pollutants), as tools for microorganism detection (e.g., virus and bacteria), and as platforms for the investigation of environment-related problems (e.g., bacteria electron transfer and biofilm formation). This chapter aims to review the applications of microfluidics in environmental science and engineering - with a particular focus on the foregoing topics. The advantages and limitations of microfluidics when compared to traditional methods are also surveyed, and several perspectives on the future of research and development into microfluidics for environmental applications are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cecilia Yu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xing Xie
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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9
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Kong T, Backes N, Kalwa U, Legner C, Phillips GJ, Pandey S. Adhesive Tape Microfluidics with an Autofocusing Module That Incorporates CRISPR Interference: Applications to Long-Term Bacterial Antibiotic Studies. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2638-2645. [PMID: 31583880 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to study bacteria at the single cell level has advanced our insights into microbial physiology and genetics in ways not attainable by studying large populations using more traditional culturing methods. To improve methods to characterize bacteria at the cellular level, we developed a new microfluidic platform that enables cells to be exposed to metabolites in a gradient of concentrations. By designing low-cost, three-dimensional devices with adhesive tapes and tailoring them for bacterial imaging, we avoided the complexities of silicon and polymeric microfabrication. The incorporation of an agarose membrane as the resting substrate, along with a temperature-controlled environmental chamber, allows the culturing of bacterial cells for over 10 h under stable growth or inhibition conditions. Incorporation of an autofocusing module helped the uninterrupted, high-resolution observation of bacteria at the single-cell and at low density population levels. We used the microfluidic platform to record morphological changes in Escherichia coli during ampicillin exposure and to quantify the minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibiotic. We further demonstrated the potential of finely-tuned, incremental gene regulation in a concentration gradient utilizing CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). These low-cost engineering tools, when implemented in combination with genetic approaches such as CRISPRi, should prove useful to uncover new genetic determinants of antibiotic susceptibility and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of antibiotics in bacterial cultures.
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10
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Du GF, Zheng YD, Chen J, He QY, Sun X. Novel Mechanistic Insights into Bacterial Fluoroquinolone Resistance. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3955-3966. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yun-Dan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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11
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Microfluidic System for Observation of Bacterial Culture and Effects on Biofilm Formation at Microscale. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090606. [PMID: 31547458 PMCID: PMC6780771 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms exist in the natural world and applied to many industries. However, due to the variety of characteristics caused by their complex components, biofilms can also lead to membrane fouling and recurrent infections which pose threats to human health. So, to make the best use of their advantages and avoid their disadvantages, knowing the best time and methods for improving or preventing biofilm formation is important. In situ observation without fluorescence labeling in microscale and according to a time scale is useful to research biofilm and confine its formation. In this study, we developed a microfluidic system for real-time observation of bacteria culture and biofilms development at microscale. We cultured E. coli ATCC 25922 on a chip at continuous flow of the velocity, which could promote bacterial formation. Biofilms formation under the condition of adding amoxicillin at different times is also discussed. In addition, the mixed strains from sludge were also cultured on chip, and possible factors in biofilm formation are discussed. Our results show that a microfluidic device could culture microorganisms in continuous flow and accelerate them to adhere to the surface, thereby promoting biofilm formation. Overall, this platform is a useful tool in research on initial biofilm formation, which can contribute to preventing biofouling and infections.
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12
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Parthasarathy R, Monette CE, Bracero S, S Saha M. Methods for field measurement of antibiotic concentrations: limitations and outlook. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:5033401. [PMID: 29931290 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance poses an increasingly serious threat to human health. Although an important driver of antibiotic resistance is the continuous exposure of bacteria to sublethal concentrations of antibiotics in natural environments, antibiotic pollutants are not currently tracked globally or systematically. This limits the international capacity to address the rise of antibiotic resistance at its source. To address this lack of data, the development of methods to measure antibiotic concentrations on-site is essential. These methods, ideally, must be sensitive to sublethal concentrations of antibiotics and require minimal technical expertise. Furthermore, factors such as cost, selectivity, biosafety and the ability to multiplex must be evaluated in the context of field use. Based on these criteria, we provide a critical review of current methods in antibiotic detection and evaluate their adaptability for use on-site. We categorize these methods into microbiological assays, physical and chemical assays, immunoassays, aptasensors and whole-cell biosensors. We recommend continued development of a dipstick or microfluidics approach with a bacterial promoter-based mechanism and colorimetric output. This technique would incorporate the advantageous aspects of existing methods, maximize shelf-life and ease-of-use, and require minimal resources to implement in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjani Parthasarathy
- Department of Biology, Integrated Science Center, College of William and Mary, 540 Landrum Dr., Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA
| | - Callan E Monette
- Department of Biology, Integrated Science Center, College of William and Mary, 540 Landrum Dr., Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA
| | - Sabrina Bracero
- Department of Biology, Integrated Science Center, College of William and Mary, 540 Landrum Dr., Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA
| | - Margaret S Saha
- Department of Biology, Integrated Science Center, College of William and Mary, 540 Landrum Dr., Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA
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13
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Kim S, Masum F, Jeon JS. Recent Developments of Chip-based Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-019-3109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Zhou W, Le J, Chen Y, Cai Y, Hong Z, Chai Y. Recent advances in microfluidic devices for bacteria and fungus research. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Zhang D, Yang Y, Qin Q, Xu J, Wang B, Chen J, Liu B, Zhang W, Qiao L. MALDI-TOF Characterization of Protein Expression Mutation During Morphological Changes of Bacteria Under the Impact of Antibiotics. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2352-2359. [PMID: 30628781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Changhai Hospital, The Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Bing Wang
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
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16
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Zhang X, Jiang X, Hao Z, Qu K. Advances in online methods for monitoring microbial growth. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:433-447. [PMID: 30472440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the characteristics of microbial growth is of great significance to many fields including in scientific research, the food industry, health care, and agriculture. Many methods have been established to characterize the process of microbial growth. Online and automated methods, in which sample transfer is avoided, are popular because they can facilitate the development of simple, safe, and effective growth monitoring. This review focuses on advances in online monitoring methods over the last decade (2008-2018). We specifically focus on optic- and electrochemistry-based techniques, either through contact measurements or contactless measurement. Strengths and weaknesses of each set of methods are described and we also speculate on forthcoming trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106, Nanjing Rd, Shinan District, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106, Nanjing Rd, Shinan District, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agriculture University, 700, Changcheng Rd, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Keming Qu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106, Nanjing Rd, Shinan District, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China.
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17
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Debski PR, Sklodowska K, Michalski JA, Korczyk PM, Dolata M, Jakiela S. Continuous Recirculation of Microdroplets in a Closed Loop Tailored for Screening of Bacteria Cultures. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E469. [PMID: 30424402 PMCID: PMC6187375 DOI: 10.3390/mi9090469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Emerging microfluidic technology has introduced new precision controls over reaction conditions. Owing to the small amount of reagents, microfluidics significantly lowers the cost of carrying a single reaction. Moreover, in two-phase systems, each part of a dispersed fluid can be treated as an independent chemical reactor with a volume from femtoliters to microliters, increasing the throughput. In this work, we propose a microfluidic device that provides continuous recirculation of droplets in a closed loop, maintaining low consumption of oil phase, no cross-contamination, stabilized temperature, a constant condition of gas exchange, dynamic feedback control on droplet volume, and a real-time optical characterization of bacterial growth in a droplet. The channels (tubing) and junction cubes are made of Teflon fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) to ensure non-wetting conditions and to prevent the formation of biofilm, which is particularly crucial for biological experiments. We show the design and operation of a novel microfluidic loop with the circular motion of microdroplet reactors monitored with optical sensors and precision temperature controls. We have employed the proposed system for long term monitoring of bacterial growth during the antibiotic chloramphenicol treatment. The proposed system can find applications in a broad field of biomedical diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel R Debski
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Sklodowska
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02776 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek A Michalski
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 17 Lukasiewicza Street, 09400 Plock, Poland.
| | - Piotr M Korczyk
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Miroslaw Dolata
- Department of Econophysics and Physics Application, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Slawomir Jakiela
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02776 Warsaw, Poland.
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18
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Bagheri Z, Ehtesabi H, Hallaji Z, Aminoroaya N, Tavana H, Behroodi E, Rahimifard M, Abdollahi M, Latifi H. On-chip analysis of carbon dots effect on yeast replicative lifespan. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1033:119-127. [PMID: 30172317 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are promising nanomaterials for biosensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery due to their large surface area, excellent optical properties, and thermal and chemical stability. However, biosafety of CDs is still understudied, and there is not a generally accepted standard to evaluate the toxicity of CDs. We present a gradient network generator microfluidic device for dose-dependent testing of toxicity of CDs to a unicellular eukaryotic model organism, yeast Pichia pastoris. We fully characterized the microfluidic model and compare its performance with a conventional method. The gradient generator increased the contact area between the mixing species and enabled a high-throughput testing of CDs in a wide range of concentrations in cell chambers. Real time monitoring of yeast cell proliferation in the presence of CDs showed dose-dependent growth inhibition and various budding cell shape profiles. Comparing the result of microfluidic platform and conventional method revealed statistically significant differences in the proliferation rate of the cells between the two platforms. To understand the toxicity mechanism, we studied binding of CDs to P. pastoris and found increasing interactions of CDs with the cell surface at CDs larger concentrations. This study demonstrated the utility of the gradient generator microfluidic device as a convenient tool for toxicity assessment of nanomaterials at a cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Bagheri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamide Ehtesabi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hallaji
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Aminoroaya
- Laser & Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Tavana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44236, USA
| | - Ebrahim Behroodi
- Laser & Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Latifi
- Laser & Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Kaushik AM, Hsieh K, Chen L, Shin DJ, Liao JC, Wang TH. Accelerating bacterial growth detection and antimicrobial susceptibility assessment in integrated picoliter droplet platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 97:260-266. [PMID: 28609716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There remains an urgent need for rapid diagnostic methods that can evaluate antibiotic resistance for pathogenic bacteria in order to deliver targeted antibiotic treatments. Toward this end, we present a rapid and integrated single-cell biosensing platform, termed dropFAST, for bacterial growth detection and antimicrobial susceptibility assessment. DropFAST utilizes a rapid resazurin-based fluorescent growth assay coupled with stochastic confinement of bacteria in 20 pL droplets to detect signal from growing bacteria after 1h incubation, equivalent to 2-3 bacterial replications. Full integration of droplet generation, incubation, and detection into a single, uninterrupted stream also renders this platform uniquely suitable for in-line bacterial phenotypic growth assessment. To illustrate the concept of rapid digital antimicrobial susceptibility assessment, we employ the dropFAST platform to evaluate the antibacterial effect of gentamicin on E. coli growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha M Kaushik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kuangwen Hsieh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liben Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dong Jin Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph C Liao
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr. S-287, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, USA.
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20
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Hattab G, Wiesmann V, Becker A, Munzner T, Nattkemper TW. A Novel Methodology for Characterizing Cell Subpopulations in Automated Time-lapse Microscopy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:17. [PMID: 29541635 PMCID: PMC5835524 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-lapse imaging of cell colonies in microfluidic chambers provides time series of bioimages, i.e., biomovies. They show the behavior of cells over time under controlled conditions. One of the main remaining bottlenecks in this area of research is the analysis of experimental data and the extraction of cell growth characteristics, such as lineage information. The extraction of the cell line by human observers is time-consuming and error-prone. Previously proposed methods often fail because of their reliance on the accurate detection of a single cell, which is not possible for high density, high diversity of cell shapes and numbers, and high-resolution images with high noise. Our task is to characterize subpopulations in biomovies. In order to shift the analysis of the data from individual cell level to cellular groups with similar fluorescence or even subpopulations, we propose to represent the cells by two new abstractions: the particle and the patch. We use a three-step framework: preprocessing, particle tracking, and construction of the patch lineage. First, preprocessing improves the signal-to-noise ratio and spatially aligns the biomovie frames. Second, cell sampling is performed by assuming particles, which represent a part of a cell, cell or group of contiguous cells in space. Particle analysis includes the following: particle tracking, trajectory linking, filtering, and color information, respectively. Particle tracking consists of following the spatiotemporal position of a particle and gives rise to coherent particle trajectories over time. Typical tracking problems may occur (e.g., appearance or disappearance of cells, spurious artifacts). They are effectively processed using trajectory linking and filtering. Third, the construction of the patch lineage consists in joining particle trajectories that share common attributes (i.e., proximity and fluorescence intensity) and feature common ancestry. This step is based on patch finding, patching trajectory propagation, patch splitting, and patch merging. The main idea is to group together the trajectories of particles in order to gain spatial coherence. The final result of CYCASP is the complete graph of the patch lineage. Finally, the graph encodes the temporal and spatial coherence of the development of cellular colonies. We present results showing a computation time of less than 5 min for biomovies and simulated films. The method, presented here, allowed for the separation of colonies into subpopulations and allowed us to interpret the growth of colonies in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Hattab
- Faculty of Technology, Int. Research Training Group 1906, Computational Methods for the Analysis of the Diversity and Dynamics of Genomes (DiDy), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Faculty of Technology, Biodata Mining Group, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Veit Wiesmann
- Department of Image Processing and Medical Engineering, Fraunhofer-Institut für Integrierte Schaltungen (IIS), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anke Becker
- SYNMIKRO, Phillips-Universität Marburg, LOEWE-Centre for Synthetic Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tamara Munzner
- Department of Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tim W. Nattkemper
- Faculty of Technology, Biodata Mining Group, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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21
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Campana O, Wlodkowic D. Ecotoxicology Goes on a Chip: Embracing Miniaturized Bioanalysis in Aquatic Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:932-946. [PMID: 29284083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Biological and environmental sciences are, more than ever, becoming highly dependent on technological and multidisciplinary approaches that warrant advanced analytical capabilities. Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip technologies are perhaps one the most groundbreaking offshoots of bioengineering, enabling design of an entirely new generation of bioanalytical instrumentation. They represent a unique approach to combine microscale engineering and physics with specific biological questions, providing technological advances that allow for fundamentally new capabilities in the spatiotemporal analysis of molecules, cells, tissues, and even small metazoan organisms. While these miniaturized analytical technologies experience an explosive growth worldwide, with a substantial promise of a direct impact on biosciences, it seems that lab-on-a-chip systems have so far escaped the attention of aquatic ecotoxicologists. In this Critical Review, potential applications of the currently existing and emerging chip-based technologies for aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality monitoring are highlighted. We also offer suggestions on how aquatic ecotoxicology can benefit from adoption of microfluidic lab-on-a-chip devices for accelerated bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Campana
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, CSIC , Puerto Real, 11519, Spain
| | - Donald Wlodkowic
- School of Science, RMIT University , Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
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22
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Kim M, Lim JW, Lee SK, Kim T. Nanoscale Hydrodynamic Film for Diffusive Mass Transport Control in Compartmentalized Microfluidic Chambers. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10286-10295. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Kim
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lim
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Lee
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Kim
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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23
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Liu Z, Sun H, Ren K. A Multiplexed, Gradient-Based, Full-Hydrogel Microfluidic Platform for Rapid, High-Throughput Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Chempluschem 2017; 82:792-801. [PMID: 31961536 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become an immediate threat to modern healthcare systems as it continues to spread across the globe. As development of novel antibiotics stalls, preserving the effectiveness of existing agents has become a priority. One of the major driving forces behind antimicrobial resistance is the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, often a result of data on the susceptibility of pathogens not being obtained in a convenient and timely manner, a need that conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing struggles to meet. Here, a hydrogel microfluidic platform is reported for antimicrobial susceptibility testing purposes, capable of handling real samples and yielding results within 2.5 h of culture. By using a multiplayer design with channels crossing overhead of each other, multiple experiments, either one- or two-dimensional, can be staged on the same device. Bacteria grown on the surface of the hydrogel can be easily visualized with standard Gram staining after being transferred onto a glass slide. Coupled with software-based image analysis, the system can yield a variety of useful information on bacterial susceptibility and the effects of drugs, such as minimum inhibitory concentration and morphological changes in bacteria, either individually or in combination. Compared to conventional testing methods, this system requires less labor, reagents, and equipment to operate, and has significantly higher speed and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Rd, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R China
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Rd, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R China
| | - Kangning Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Rd, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Rd, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R China.,Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, P. R China
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24
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Jalali F, Ellett F, Irimia D. Rapid antibiotic sensitivity testing in microwell arrays. TECHNOLOGY 2017; 5:107-114. [PMID: 28781994 PMCID: PMC5542807 DOI: 10.1142/s2339547817500030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The widespread bacterial resistance to a broad range of antibiotics necessitates rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing before effective treatment could start in the clinic. Among resistant bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important, and Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains are a common cause of life threatening infections. However, standard susceptibility testing for S. aureus is time consuming and thus the start of effective antibiotic treatment is often delayed. To circumvent the limitations of current susceptibility testing systems, we designed an assay that enables measurements of bacterial growth with higher spatial and temporal resolution than standard techniques. The assay consists of arrays of microwells that confine small number of bacteria in small spaces, where their growth is monitored with high precision. These devices enabled us to investigate the effect of different antibiotics on S. aureus growth. We measured the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in less than 3 hours. In addition to being significantly faster than the 48 hours needed for traditional microbiological methods, the assay is also capable of differentiating the specific effects of different antibiotic classes on S. aureus growth. Overall, this assay has the potential to become a rapid, sensitive, and robust tool for use in hospitals and laboratories to assess antibiotic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Jalali
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Burns Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Felix Ellett
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Burns Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Burns Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
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25
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Dai J, Hamon M, Jambovane S. Microfluidics for Antibiotic Susceptibility and Toxicity Testing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2016; 3:bioengineering3040025. [PMID: 28952587 PMCID: PMC5597268 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering3040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of antimicrobial resistance has become a major concern for worldwide policy makers as very few new antibiotics have been developed in the last twenty-five years. To prevent the death of millions of people worldwide, there is an urgent need for a cheap, fast and accurate set of tools and techniques that can help to discover and develop new antimicrobial drugs. In the past decade, microfluidic platforms have emerged as potential systems for conducting pharmacological studies. Recent studies have demonstrated that microfluidic platforms can perform rapid antibiotic susceptibility tests to evaluate antimicrobial drugs’ efficacy. In addition, the development of cell-on-a-chip and organ-on-a-chip platforms have enabled the early drug testing, providing more accurate insights into conventional cell cultures on the drug pharmacokinetics and toxicity, at the early and cheaper stage of drug development, i.e., prior to animal and human testing. In this review, we focus on the recent developments of microfluidic platforms for rapid antibiotics susceptibility testing, investigating bacterial persistence and non-growing but metabolically active (NGMA) bacteria, evaluating antibiotic effectiveness on biofilms and combinatorial effect of antibiotics, as well as microfluidic platforms that can be used for in vitro antibiotic toxicity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Morgan Hamon
- Renal Regeneration Laboratory, VAGLAHS at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91343, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Sachin Jambovane
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA 99354, USA.
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26
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Lee J, Kim M, Park J, Kim T. Self-assembled particle membranes for in situ concentration and chemostat-like cultivation of microorganisms on a chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1072-1080. [PMID: 26907857 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00116e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, microparticles have been used as nanoporous membranes in microfluidic devices, contributing to various bioassays on a chip. Here, we report a self-assembled particle membrane (SAPM) integrated microfluidic device that concentrates particles into an aimed microchamber array by using evaporation-driven capillary forces, and manipulates the chemical environment of the microchamber array by sequentially introducing different solutions. We demonstrate that the SAPM-integrated microchamber array can concentrate microparticles and microbial cells up to 120-fold for 2 h and 35-fold for 1 h, respectively, resulting in remarkably high concentration factors. Additionally, we demonstrate that the microchamber array has high potential as a chemostat-like bioreactor because it can actively manipulate the initial seeding number of bacterial cells and continuously supply and sequentially switch fresh nutrients to them. As an example of various applications, the chemostat-like bioreactor was used as a microbial biosensor platform that enabled microbial sensor cells to respond more efficiently and rapidly to external stimuli, such as heavy metal ions. This was made possible by almost eliminating the initial lag phase that dramatically shortened the whole assay time. Notably, the SAPM-integrated microchamber array not only facilitates various bioassays on a chip but also provides unprecedented experimental platforms to study microorganisms in a simple and convenient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwan Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Keays MC, O'Brien M, Hussain A, Kiely PA, Dalton T. Rapid identification of antibiotic resistance using droplet microfluidics. Bioengineered 2016; 7:79-87. [PMID: 26942773 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2016.1156824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Culturing bacteria and monitoring bacterial cell growth is a critical issue when dealing with patients who present with bacterial infections. One of the main challenges that arises is the time taken to identify the particular strain of bacteria and consequently, decide the correct treatment. In the majority of cases, broad spectrum antibiotics are used to target infections when a narrow spectrum drug would be more appropriate. The efficient monitoring of bacterial growth and potential antibiotic resistance is necessary to identify the best treatment options for patients. Minturising the reactions into microfluidic droplets offers a novel method to rapidy analyze bacteria. Microfluidics facilitates low volume reactions that provide a unique system where each droplet reaction acts as an individual bioreactor. Here, we designed and built a novel platform that allowed us to create and monitor E.coli microfluidic droplet cultures. Optical capacity was built in and measurements of bacterial cultures were captured facilitating the continuous monitoring of individual reactions. The capacity of the instrument was demonstrated by the application of treatments to both bacteria and drug resistant strains of bacteria. We were able to detect responses within one hour in the droplet cultures, demonstrating the capacity of this workflow to the culture and rapid characterization of bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C Keays
- a Stokes Laboratories, Department of Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Mark O'Brien
- a Stokes Laboratories, Department of Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Anam Hussain
- a Stokes Laboratories, Department of Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Patrick A Kiely
- a Stokes Laboratories, Department of Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland.,b Graduate Entry Medical School and Health Research Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
| | - Tara Dalton
- a Stokes Laboratories, Department of Mechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
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28
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Westerwalbesloh C, Grünberger A, Stute B, Weber S, Wiechert W, Kohlheyer D, von Lieres E. Modeling and CFD simulation of nutrient distribution in picoliter bioreactors for bacterial growth studies on single-cell level. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:4177-4186. [PMID: 26345659 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00646e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic device for microbial single-cell cultivation of bacteria was modeled and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics. The liquid velocity field and the mass transfer within the supply channels and cultivation chambers were calculated to gain insight in the distribution of supplied nutrients and metabolic products secreted by the cultivated bacteria. The goal was to identify potential substrate limitations or product accumulations within the cultivation device. The metabolic uptake and production rates, colony size, and growth medium composition were varied covering a wide range of operating conditions. Simulations with glucose as substrate did not show limitations within the typically used concentration range, but for alternative substrates limitations could not be ruled out. This lays the foundation for further studies and the optimization of existing picoliter bioreactor systems.
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29
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First report on rapid screening of nanomaterial-based antimicrobial agents against β-lactamase resistance using pGLO plasmid transformed Escherichia coli HB 101 K-12. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-015-0506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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He J, Ma C, Liu W, Wang J. On-chip monitoring of skeletal myoblast transplantation for the treatment of hypoxia-induced myocardial injury. Analyst 2015; 139:4482-90. [PMID: 25025637 DOI: 10.1039/c4an00697f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive elucidation of the unexpected adverse events that occur in skeletal myoblast transplantation is fundamental for the optimization of myocardial therapeutic effects. However, a well-defined method to study the interactions between skeletal myoblasts and cardiomyocytes during the healing process is out of reach. Here, we describe a microfluidic method for monitoring the interactions between skeletal myoblasts and hypoxia-injured cardiomyocytes in a spatiotemporally-controlled manner, mimicking the in vivo cell transplantation process. A myocardial hypoxia environment was created using an oxygen consumption blocking reagent, carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone. Meanwhile, the interactions between the skeletal L6 myoblasts and hypoxia-injured myocardium H9c2 cells were investigated, and the effects of a L6 conditional medium on H9c2 cells were comparatively analyzed by quantitatively measuring the morphological and pathophysiological dynamics of H9c2 cells. The results showed that skeletal myoblasts could repair hypoxia-injured H9c2 cells mainly through direct cell-to-cell interactions. This simple on-chip assay for investigating myocardial repair processes may provide avenues for the in vitro screening of drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan He
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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31
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Gu GY, Lee YW, Chiang CC, Yang YT. A nanoliter microfluidic serial dilution bioreactor. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:044126. [PMID: 26392828 PMCID: PMC4560721 DOI: 10.1063/1.4929946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial culture is a basic technique in both fundamental and applied microbiology. The excessive reagent consumption and laborious maintenance of bulk bioreactors for microbial culture have prompted the development of miniaturized on-chip bioreactors. With the minimal choice of two compartments (N = 2) and discrete time, periodic dilution steps, we realize a microfluidic bioreactor that mimics macroscopic serial dilution transfer culture. This device supports automated, long-term microbial cultures with a nanoliter-scale working volume and real-time monitoring of microbial populations at single-cell resolution. Because of the high surface-to-volume ratio, the device also operates as an effective biofilm-flow reactor to support cogrowth of planktonic and biofilm populations. We expect that such devices will open opportunities in many fields of microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yue Gu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Chiang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Tang Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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32
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Puchberger-Enengl D, van den Driesche S, Krutzler C, Keplinger F, Vellekoop MJ. Hydrogel-based microfluidic incubator for microorganism cultivation and analyses. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:014127. [PMID: 25784966 PMCID: PMC4344467 DOI: 10.1063/1.4913647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an array of microfluidic chambers for on-chip culturing of microorganisms in static and continuous shear-free operation modes. The unique design comprises an in-situ polymerized hydrogel that forms gas and reagent permeable culture wells in a glass chip. Utilizing a hydrophilic substrate increases usability by autonomous capillary priming. The thin gel barrier enables efficient oxygen supply and facilitates on-chip analysis by chemical access through the gel without introducing a disturbing flow to the culture. Trapping the suspended microorganisms inside a gel well allows for a much simpler fabrication than in conventional trapping devices as the minimal feature size does not depend on cell size. Nutrients and drugs are provided on-chip in the gel for a self-contained and user-friendly handling. Rapid antibiotic testing in static cultures with strains of Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli is presented. Cell seeding and diffusive medium supply is provided by phaseguide technology, enabling simple operation of continuous culturing with a great flexibility. Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are utilized as a model to demonstrate continuous on-chip culturing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sander van den Driesche
- Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), MCB, University of Bremen , 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Krutzler
- Austrian Center for Medical Innovation and Technology (ACMIT) , 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Franz Keplinger
- Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems (ISAS), Vienna University of Technology , 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael J Vellekoop
- Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (IMSAS), MCB, University of Bremen , 28359 Bremen, Germany
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33
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Abstract
AbstractDue to the considerable stability of green fluorescent proteins and their capacity to be readily permutated or mutated, they may be exploited in multiple ways to enhance the functionality of in vitro biosensors. Many possibilities, such as the formation of chimeras with other proteins or antibodies, as well as Förster resonance emission transfer performance, may be used for the highly sensitive and specific detection of the target molecules. This review considers the great potential of green fluorescent proteins as the fluorescent probing or recognition biomolecule in various in vitro biosensors applications, as well as obstacles associated with their use.
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34
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Mohan R, Sanpitakseree C, Desai AV, Sevgen SE, Schroeder CM, Kenis PJA. A microfluidic approach to study the effect of bacterial interactions on antimicrobial susceptibility in polymicrobial cultures. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04092b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An easy-to-use, lab-on-a-chip platform to rapidly quantify the efficacy of antibiotics to treat polymicrobial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Mohan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA 61801
| | - Chotitath Sanpitakseree
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA 61801
| | - Amit V. Desai
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA 61801
| | - Selami E. Sevgen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA 61801
| | - Charles M. Schroeder
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA 61801
| | - Paul J. A. Kenis
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Illinois
- Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA 61801
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35
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Heger Z, Kominkova M, Cernei N, Krejcova L, Kopel P, Zitka O, Adam V, Kizek R. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer between green fluorescent protein and doxorubicin enabled by DNA nanotechnology. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3290-301. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Kominkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Krejcova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy; Mendel University in Brno; Brno Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology; Brno University of Technology; Brno Czech Republic
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Abstract
Microfluidics has significantly contributed to the expansion of the frontiers of microbial ecology over the past decade by allowing researchers to observe the behaviors of microbes in highly controlled microenvironments, across scales from a single cell to mixed communities. Spatially and temporally varying distributions of organisms and chemical cues that mimic natural microbial habitats can now be established by exploiting physics at the micrometer scale and by incorporating structures with specific geometries and materials. In this article, we review applications of microfluidics that have resulted in insightful discoveries on fundamental aspects of microbial life, ranging from growth and sensing to cell-cell interactions and population dynamics. We anticipate that this flexible multidisciplinary technology will continue to facilitate discoveries regarding the ecology of microorganisms and help uncover strategies to control microbial processes such as biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rusconi
- Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; , ,
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37
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He J, Mu X, Guo Z, Hao H, Zhang C, Zhao Z, Wang Q. A novel microbead-based microfluidic device for rapid bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:2223-30. [PMID: 24996540 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Effective treatment of infectious diseases depends on the ability to rapidly identify the infecting bacteria and the use of sensitive antibiotics. The currently used identification assays usually take more than 72 h to perform and have a low sensitivity. Herein, we present a microbead-based microfluidic platform that is highly sensitive and rapid for bacterial detection and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The platform includes four units, one of which is used for bacterial identification and the other three are used for susceptibility testing. Our results showed that Escherichia coli O157 at a cell density range of 10(1)-10(5) CFU/μL could be detected within 30 min. Additionally, the effects of three antibiotics on E. coli O157 were evaluated within 4-8 h. Overall, this integrated microbead-based microdevice provides a sensitive, rapid, reliable, and highly effective platform for the identification of bacteria, as well as antibiotic sensitivity testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China,
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38
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WEN XX, XU BL, WANG WX, LIANG GT, CHEN B, YANG YM, LIU DY. Rapid Identification of Multiple Bacteria on a Microfluidic Chip. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(13)60737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Li B, Qiu Y, Glidle A, McIlvenna D, Luo Q, Cooper J, Shi HC, Yin H. Gradient microfluidics enables rapid bacterial growth inhibition testing. Anal Chem 2014; 86:3131-7. [PMID: 24548044 PMCID: PMC3988682 DOI: 10.1021/ac5001306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial growth inhibition tests have become a standard measure of the adverse effects of inhibitors for a wide range of applications, such as toxicity testing in the medical and environmental sciences. However, conventional well-plate formats for these tests are laborious and provide limited information (often being restricted to an end-point assay). In this study, we have developed a microfluidic system that enables fast quantification of the effect of an inhibitor on bacteria growth and survival, within a single experiment. This format offers a unique combination of advantages, including long-term continuous flow culture, generation of concentration gradients, and single cell morphology tracking. Using Escherichia coli and the inhibitor amoxicillin as one model system, we show excellent agreement between an on-chip single cell-based assay and conventional methods to obtain quantitative measures of antibiotic inhibition (for example, minimum inhibition concentration). Furthermore, we show that our methods can provide additional information, over and above that of the standard well-plate assay, including kinetic information on growth inhibition and measurements of bacterial morphological dynamics over a wide range of inhibitor concentrations. Finally, using a second model system, we show that this chip-based systems does not require the bacteria to be labeled and is well suited for the study of naturally occurring species. We illustrate this using Nitrosomonas europaea, an environmentally important bacteria, and show that the chip system can lead to a significant reduction in the period required for growth and inhibition measurements (<4 days, compared to weeks in a culture flask).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Environmental
Simulation and Pollution Control State-Key Joint Laboratory, School
of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Environmental
Simulation and Pollution Control State-Key Joint Laboratory, School
of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Andrew Glidle
- Division
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K.
| | - David McIlvenna
- Division
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K.
| | - Qian Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center
for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jon Cooper
- Division
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K.
| | - Han-Chang Shi
- Environmental
Simulation and Pollution Control State-Key Joint Laboratory, School
of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huabing Yin
- Division
of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K.
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40
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Mohan R, Mukherjee A, Sevgen SE, Sanpitakseree C, Lee J, Schroeder CM, Kenis PJ. A multiplexed microfluidic platform for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 49:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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41
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Dai J, Yoon SH, Sim HY, Yang YS, Oh TK, Kim JF, Hong JW. Charting microbial phenotypes in multiplex nanoliter batch bioreactors. Anal Chem 2013; 85:5892-9. [PMID: 23581968 DOI: 10.1021/ac400648z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput growth phenotyping is receiving great attention for establishing the genotype-phenotype map of sequenced organisms owing to the ready availability of complete genome sequences. To date, microbial growth phenotypes have been investigated mostly by the conventional method of batch cultivation using test tubes, Erlenmeyer flasks, or the recently available microwell plates. However, the current batch cultivation methods are time- and labor-intensive and often fail to consider sophisticated environmental changes. The implementation of batch cultures at the nanoliter scale has been difficult because of the quick evaporation of the culture medium inside the reactors. Here, we report a microfluidic system that allows independent cell cultures in evaporation-free multiplex nanoliter reactors under different culture conditions to assess the behavior of cells. The design allows three experimental replicates for each of eight culture environments in a single run. We demonstrate the versatility of the device by performing growth curve experiments with Escherichia coli and microbiological assays of antibiotics against the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Our study highlights that the microfluidic system can effectively replace the traditional batch culture methods with nanoliter volumes of bacterial cultivations, and it may be therefore promising for high-throughput growth phenotyping as well as for single-cell analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dai
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
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42
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Nge PN, Rogers CI, Woolley AT. Advances in microfluidic materials, functions, integration, and applications. Chem Rev 2013; 113:2550-83. [PMID: 23410114 PMCID: PMC3624029 DOI: 10.1021/cr300337x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela N. Nge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Chad I. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
| | - Adam T. Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602
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43
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Tu Q, Pang L, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Wang J, Wang D, Liu W, Wang J. Microfluidic Device: A Miniaturized Platform for Chemical Reactions. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201201212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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44
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Tang Y, Zhen L, Liu J, Wu J. Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing in a Microfluidic pH Sensor. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2787-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303282j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Tang
- Institute of Microanalytical System, †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Industry Technology
Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Institute of Microanalytical System, †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Industry Technology
Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingqing Liu
- Institute of Microanalytical System, †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Industry Technology
Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Microanalytical System, †Department of Chemistry, and ‡Industry Technology
Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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45
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Tu Q, Wang JC, Liu R, He J, Zhang Y, Shen S, Xu J, Liu J, Yuan MS, Wang J. Antifouling properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) surfaces modified with quaternized poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 102:361-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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46
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Wu M, Perroud TD, Srivastava N, Branda CS, Sale KL, Carson BD, Patel KD, Branda SS, Singh AK. Microfluidically-unified cell culture, sample preparation, imaging and flow cytometry for measurement of cell signaling pathways with single cell resolution. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:2823-2831. [PMID: 22777012 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40344g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a microfluidic platform that enables, in one experiment, monitoring of signaling events spanning multiple time-scales and cellular locations through seamless integration of cell culture, stimulation and preparation with downstream analysis. A combination of two single-cell resolution techniques-on-chip multi-color flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging provides multiplexed and orthogonal data on cellular events. Automated, microfluidic operation allows quantitatively- and temporally-precise dosing leading to fine time-resolution and improved reproducibility of measurements. The platform was used to profile the toll-like receptor (TLR4) pathway in macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-beginning with TLR4 receptor activation by LPS, through intracellular MAPK signaling, RelA/p65 translocation in real time, to TNF-α cytokine production, all in one small macrophage population (< 5000 cells) while using minute reagent volume (540 nL/condition). The platform is easily adaptable to many cell types including primary cells and provides a generic platform for profiling signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiye Wu
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Department, Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
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47
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Kim J, Park HD, Chung S. Microfluidic approaches to bacterial biofilm formation. Molecules 2012; 17:9818-34. [PMID: 22895027 PMCID: PMC6268732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17089818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms-aggregations of bacterial cells and extracellular polymeric substrates (EPS)-are an important subject of research in the fields of biology and medical science. Under aquatic conditions, bacterial cells form biofilms as a mechanism for improving survival and dispersion. In this review, we discuss bacterial biofilm development as a structurally and dynamically complex biological system and propose microfluidic approaches for the study of bacterial biofilms. Biofilms develop through a series of steps as bacteria interact with their environment. Gene expression and environmental conditions, including surface properties, hydrodynamic conditions, quorum sensing signals, and the characteristics of the medium, can have positive or negative influences on bacterial biofilm formation. The influences of each factor and the combined effects of multiple factors may be addressed using microfluidic approaches, which provide a promising means for controlling the hydrodynamic conditions, establishing stable chemical gradients, performing measurement in a high-throughput manner, providing real-time monitoring, and providing in vivo-like in vitro culture devices. An increased understanding of biofilms derived from microfluidic approaches may be relevant to improving our understanding of the contributions of determinants to bacterial biofilm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (H.-D.P.)(S.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3352 (S.C.); Fax: +82-2-926-9290 (S.C.)
| | - Seok Chung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (H.-D.P.)(S.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3290-3352 (S.C.); Fax: +82-2-926-9290 (S.C.)
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48
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Grünberger A, Paczia N, Probst C, Schendzielorz G, Eggeling L, Noack S, Wiechert W, Kohlheyer D. A disposable picolitre bioreactor for cultivation and investigation of industrially relevant bacteria on the single cell level. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:2060-8. [PMID: 22511122 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40156h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the continuously growing field of industrial biotechnology the scale-up from lab to industrial scale is still a major hurdle to develop competitive bioprocesses. During scale-up the productivity of single cells might be affected by bioreactor inhomogeneity and population heterogeneity. Currently, these complex interactions are difficult to investigate. In this report, design, fabrication and operation of a disposable picolitre cultivation system is described, in which environmental conditions can be well controlled on a short time scale and bacterial microcolony growth experiments can be observed by time-lapse microscopy. Three exemplary investigations will be discussed emphasizing the applicability and versatility of the device. Growth and analysis of industrially relevant bacteria with single cell resolution (in particular Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum) starting from one single mother cell to densely packed cultures is demonstrated. Applying the picolitre bioreactor, 1.5-fold increased growth rates of C. glutamicum wild type cells were observed compared to typical 1 litre lab-scale batch cultivation. Moreover, the device was used to analyse and quantify the morphological changes of an industrially relevant l-lysine producer C. glutamicum after artificially inducing starvation conditions. Instead of a one week lab-scale experiment, only 1 h was sufficient to reveal the same information. Furthermore, time lapse microscopy during 24 h picolitre cultivation of an arginine producing strain containing a genetically encoded fluorescence sensor disclosed time dependent single cell productivity and growth, which was not possible with conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Grünberger
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (Juelich Research Center), 52428 Jülich, Germany
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49
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Chung CC, Cheng IF, Chen HM, Kan HC, Yang WH, Chang HC. Screening of antibiotic susceptibility to β-lactam-induced elongation of Gram-negative bacteria based on dielectrophoresis. Anal Chem 2012; 84:3347-54. [PMID: 22404714 DOI: 10.1021/ac300093w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a rapid antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) based on the changes in dielectrophoretic (DEP) behaviors related to the β-lactam-induced elongation of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) on a quadruple electrode array (QEA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) can be determined within 2 h by observing the changes in the positive-DEP frequency (pdf) and cell length of GNB under the cefazolin (CEZ) treatment. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and the CEZ are used as the sample bacteria and antibiotic respectively. The bacteria became filamentous due to the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and cell division and cell lysis occurred for the higher antibiotic dose. According to the results, the pdfs of wild type bacteria decrease to hundreds of kHz and the cell length is more than 10 μm when the bacterial growth is inhibited by the CEZ treatment. In addition, the growth of wild type bacteria and drug resistant bacteria differ significantly. There is an obvious decrease in the number of wild type bacteria but not in the number of drug resistant bacteria. Thus, the drug resistance of GNB to β-lactam antibiotics can be rapidly assessed. Furthermore, the MIC determined using dielectrophoresis-based AST (d-AST) was consistent with the results of the broth dilution method. Utilizing this approach could reduce the time needed for bacteria growth from days to hours, help physicians to administer appropriate antibiotic dosages, and reduce the possibility of the occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Che Chung
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Microsystems Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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50
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Ooms MD, Sieben VJ, Pierobon SC, Jung EE, Kalontarov M, Erickson D, Sinton D. Evanescent photosynthesis: exciting cyanobacteria in a surface-confined light field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4817-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40271h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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