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Flores-Ramírez AY, González-Estrada RR, Chacón-López MA, García-Magaña MDL, Montalvo-González E, Álvarez-López A, Rodríguez-López A, López-García UM. Detection of Foodborne Pathogens in Contaminated Food Using Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Biosensors. Anal Biochem 2024:115600. [PMID: 38964698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are a grave concern for the for food, medical, environmental, and economic sectors. Their ease of transmission and resistance to treatments, such as antimicrobial agents, make them an important challenge. Food tainted with these pathogens is swiftly rejected, and if ingested, can result in severe illnesses and even fatalities. This review provides and overview of the current status of various pathogens and their metabolites transmitted through food. Despite a plethora of studies on treatments to eradicate and inhibit these pathogens, their indiscriminate use can compromise the sensory properties of food and lead to contamination. Therefore, the study of detection methods such as electrochemical biosensors has been proposed, which are devices with advantages such as simplicity, fast response, and sensitivity. However, these biosensors may also present some limitations. In this regard, it has been reported that nanomaterials with high conductivity, surface-to-volume ratio, and robustness have been observed to improve the detection of foodborne pathogens or their metabolites. Therefore, in this work, we analyze the detection of pathogens transmitted through food and their metabolites using electrochemical biosensors based on nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Yareli Flores-Ramírez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Av. Tecnológico # 2595, Col. Lagos del country, C.P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Ramsés Ramón González-Estrada
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Av. Tecnológico # 2595, Col. Lagos del country, C.P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Martina Alejandra Chacón-López
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Av. Tecnológico # 2595, Col. Lagos del country, C.P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - María de Lourdes García-Magaña
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Av. Tecnológico # 2595, Col. Lagos del country, C.P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Efigenia Montalvo-González
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Av. Tecnológico # 2595, Col. Lagos del country, C.P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Alejandra Álvarez-López
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Aeropuerto, Centro Universitario, Cerro de las Campanas, C.P. 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Aarón Rodríguez-López
- Universidad Politécnica de Santa Rosa Jáuregui, Carretera Federal 57, Querétaro-San Luis Potosí km 31-150, Parque Industrial Querétaro, C.P. 76220, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, México.
| | - Ulises Miguel López-García
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Av. Tecnológico # 2595, Col. Lagos del country, C.P. 63175, Tepic, Nayarit, México.
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2
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Budama-Kilinc Y, Kurtur OB, Gok B, Cakmakci N, Kecel-Gunduz S, Unel NM, Ozturk TK. Use of Immunoglobulin Y Antibodies: Biosensor-based Diagnostic Systems and Prophylactic and Therapeutic Drug Delivery Systems for Viral Respiratory Diseases. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:973-985. [PMID: 38561616 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266289898240322073258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses have caused many pandemics from past to present and are among the top global public health problems due to their rate of spread. The recently experienced COVID-19 pandemic has led to an understanding of the importance of rapid diagnostic tests to prevent epidemics and the difficulties of developing new vaccines. On the other hand, the emergence of resistance to existing antiviral drugs during the treatment process poses a major problem for society and global health systems. Therefore, there is a need for new approaches for the diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of existing or new types of respiratory viruses. Immunoglobulin Y antibodies (IgYs) obtained from the yolk of poultry eggs have significant advantages, such as high production volumes, low production costs, and high selectivity, which enable the development of innovative and strategic products. Especially in diagnosing respiratory viruses, antibody-based biosensors in which these antibodies are integrated have the potential to provide superiority in making rapid and accurate diagnosis as a practical diagnostic tool. This review article aims to provide information on using IgY antibodies in diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic applications for respiratory viruses and to provide a perspective for future innovative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Budama-Kilinc
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozan Baris Kurtur
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Gok
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nisanur Cakmakci
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serda Kecel-Gunduz
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Necdet Mehmet Unel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Plantomics Research Laboratory, Kastamonu, Turkiye
- Research and Application Center, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkiye
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3
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Zhdanov DD, Ivin YY, Shishparenok AN, Kraevskiy SV, Kanashenko SL, Agafonova LE, Shumyantseva VV, Gnedenko OV, Pinyaeva AN, Kovpak AA, Ishmukhametov AA, Archakov AI. Perspectives for the creation of a new type of vaccine preparations based on pseudovirus particles using polio vaccine as an example. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:253-280. [PMID: 37937429 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236905253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antiviral vaccines are currently created by inactivating the virus chemically, most often using formaldehyde or β-propiolactone. These approaches are not optimal since they negatively affect the safety of the antigenic determinants of the inactivated particles and require additional purification stages. The most promising platforms for creating vaccines are based on pseudoviruses, i.e., viruses that have completely preserved the outer shell (capsid), while losing the ability to reproduce owing to the destruction of the genome. The irradiation of viruses with electron beam is the optimal way to create pseudoviral particles. In this review, with the example of the poliovirus, the main algorithms that can be applied to characterize pseudoviral particles functionally and structurally in the process of creating a vaccine preparation are presented. These algorithms are, namely, the analysis of the degree of genome destruction and coimmunogenicity. The structure of the poliovirus and methods of its inactivation are considered. Methods for assessing residual infectivity and immunogenicity are proposed for the functional characterization of pseudoviruses. Genome integrity analysis approaches, atomic force and electron microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and bioelectrochemical methods are crucial to structural characterization of the pseudovirus particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Zhdanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu Yu Ivin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - V V Shumyantseva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Gnedenko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Pinyaeva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Kovpak
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Ishmukhametov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Li H, Li D, Chen H, Yue X, Fan K, Dong L, Wang G. Application of Silicon Nanowire Field Effect Transistor (SiNW-FET) Biosensor with High Sensitivity. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6808. [PMID: 37571591 PMCID: PMC10422280 DOI: 10.3390/s23156808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
As a new type of one-dimensional semiconductor nanometer material, silicon nanowires (SiNWs) possess good application prospects in the field of biomedical sensing. SiNWs have excellent electronic properties for improving the detection sensitivity of biosensors. The combination of SiNWs and field effect transistors (FETs) formed one special biosensor with high sensitivity and target selectivity in real-time and label-free. Recently, SiNW-FETs have received more attention in fields of biomedical detection. Here, we give a critical review of the progress of SiNW-FETs, in particular, about the reversible surface modification methods. Moreover, we summarized the applications of SiNW-FETs in DNA, protein, and microbial detection. We also discuss the related working principle and technical approaches. Our review provides an extensive discussion for studying the challenges in the future development of SiNW-FETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dujuan Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huiyi Chen
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaojie Yue
- The Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Kai Fan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Linxi Dong
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Smart Microsensors and Microsystems, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Gattani A, Agrawal A, Khan MH, Gupta R, Singh P. Evaluation of catalytic activity of human and animal origin viral neuraminidase: Current prospect. Anal Biochem 2023; 671:115157. [PMID: 37061113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
With the exception of plants, almost all living organisms synthesize neuraminidase/sialidase. It is a one among the crucial proteins that controls how virulent a microorganism is. An essential enzyme in orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses that destroys receptors is neuraminidase. It plays a number of roles throughout the viral life cycle in addition to one that involves the release of progeny virus particles. This protein is an important target for therapeutic interventions and diagnostic assays. Neuraminidase inhibitors effectively prevent the spread of disease and viral infection. Sensitive, quick, and inexpensive high throughput assays are needed to screen for specific neuraminidase inhibitory chemicals. To characterize the neuraminidase catalytic activity, however, the traditional assays are still the most common in laboratories. This review gives a brief overview of these neuraminidase assays and recent, innovative developments, particularly those involving biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Gattani
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, M.P, India.
| | - Aditya Agrawal
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, M.P, India
| | - M Hira Khan
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, M.P, India
| | - Rohini Gupta
- Department of Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, M.P, India
| | - Praveen Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, 243122, Bareilly, UP, India; Biophysics Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, 243122, Bareilly, UP, India
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6
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Sadique MA, Yadav S, Khare V, Khan R, Tripathi GK, Khare PS. Functionalized Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2612. [PMID: 36359457 PMCID: PMC9689474 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The advancement in biosensors can overcome the challenges faced by conventional diagnostic techniques for the detection of the highly infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hence, the development of an accurate, rapid, sensitive, and selective diagnostic technique can mitigate adverse health conditions caused by SARS-CoV-2. This work proposes the development of an electrochemical immunosensor based on bio-nanocomposites for the sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies through the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) electroanalytical method. The facile synthesis of chitosan-functionalized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-CS bio-nanocomposites) is performed using the sol-gel method. Characterization of the TiO2-CS bio-nanocomposite is accomplished using UV-vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance is studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), DPV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for its electroanalytical and biosensing capabilities. The developed immunosensing platform has a high sensitivity with a wide range of detection from 50 ag mL-1 to 1 ng mL-1. The detection limit of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody in buffer media is obtained to be 3.42 ag mL-1 and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) to be 10.38 ag mL-1. The electrochemical immunosensor has high selectivity in different interfering analytes and is stable for 10 days. The results suggest that the developed electrochemical immunosensor can be applicable for real sample analysis and further high-throughput testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Abubakar Sadique
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shalu Yadav
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vedika Khare
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal 462033, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gagan Kant Tripathi
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal 462033, India
| | - Purnima Swarup Khare
- School of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal 462033, India
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The Utilization of Tunable Transducer Elements Formed by the Manipulation of Magnetic Beads with Different Sizes via Optically Induced Dielectrophoresis (ODEP) for High Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) and Multiplex Fluorescence-Based Biosensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090755. [PMID: 36140140 PMCID: PMC9496456 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic beads improve biosensing performance by means of their small volume and controllability by magnetic force. In this study, a new technique composed of optically induced dielectrodphoresis (ODEP) manipulation and image processing was used to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the fluorescence for stained magnetic beads. According to natural advantages of size-dependent particle isolation by ODEP manipulation, biomarkers in clinical samples can be easily separated by different sizes of magnetic beads with corresponding captured antibodies, and rapidly distinguished by separated location of immunofluorescence. To verify the feasibility of the concept, magnetic beads with three different diameters, including 21.8, 8.7, and 4.2 μm, were easily separated and collected into specific patterns in the defined target zone treated as three dynamic transducer elements to evaluate fluorescence results. In magnetic beads with diameter of 4.2 μm, the lowest signal-to-noise ratio between stained and nonstained magnetic beads was 3.5. With the help of ODEP accumulation and detection threshold setting of 32, the signal-to-noise ratio was increased to 77.4, which makes this method more reliable. With the further optimization of specific antibodies immobilized on different-size magnetic beads in the future, this platform can be a potential candidate for a high-efficiency sensor array in clinical applications.
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Liu J, Zhang N, Li J, Li M, Wang G, Wang W, Fan Y, Jiang S, Chen G, Zhang Y, Sun X, Liu Y. A novel umami electrochemical biosensor based on AuNPs@ZIF-8/Ti3C2 MXene immobilized T1R1-VFT. Food Chem 2022; 397:133838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
The effect of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic on global healthcare systems has underlined the importance of timely and cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis of viruses. The need for ultrasensitive easy-to-use platforms has culminated in an increased interest for rapid response equipment-free alternatives to conventional diagnostic methods such as polymerase chain reaction, western-blot assay, etc. Furthermore, the poor stability and the bleaching behavior of several contemporary fluorescent reporters is a major obstacle in understanding the mechanism of viral infection thus retarding drug screening and development. Owing to their extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio as well as their quantum confinement and charge transfer properties, nanomaterials are desirable additives to sensing and imaging systems to amplify their signal response as well as temporal resolution. Their large surface area promotes biomolecular integration as well as efficacious signal transduction. Due to their hole mobility, photostability, resistance to photobleaching, and intense brightness, nanomaterials have a considerable edge over organic dyes for single virus tracking. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of combining carbon-allotrope, inorganic and organic-based nanomaterials with virus sensing and tracking methods, starting with the impact of human pathogenic viruses on the society. We address how different nanomaterials can be used in various virus sensing platforms (e.g. lab-on-a-chip, paper, and smartphone-based point-of-care systems) as well as in virus tracking applications. We discuss the enormous potential for the use of nanomaterials as simple, versatile, and affordable tools for detecting and tracing viruses infectious to humans, animals, plants as well as bacteria. We present latest examples in this direction by emphasizing major advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqsit Pirzada
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
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10
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Arshad R, Sargazi S, Fatima I, Mobashar A, Rahdar A, Ajalli N, Kyzas GZ. Nanotechnology for Therapy of Zoonotic Diseases: A Comprehensive Overview. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Arshad
- Faculty of Pharmacy University of Lahore Lahore 54000 Pakistan
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan 98167-43463 Iran
| | - Iqra Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Aisha Mobashar
- Faculty of Pharmacy University of Lahore Lahore 54000 Pakistan
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics University of Zabol Zabol P. O. Box. 98613–35856 Iran
| | - Narges Ajalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - George Z. Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry International Hellenic University Kavala Greece
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11
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Anand U, Chandel AKS, Oleksak P, Mishra A, Krejcar O, Raval IH, Dey A, Kuca K. Recent advances in the potential applications of luminescence-based, SPR-based, and carbon-based biosensors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2827-2853. [PMID: 35384450 PMCID: PMC8984675 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The need for biosensors has evolved in the detection of molecules, diseases, and pollution from various sources. This requirement has headed to the development of accurate and powerful equipment for analysis using biological sensing component as a biosensor. Biosensors have the advantage of rapid detection that can beat the conventional methods for the detection of the same molecules. Bio-chemiluminescence-based sensors are very sensitive during use in biological immune assay systems. Optical biosensors are emerging with time as they have the advantage that they act with a change in the refractive index. Carbon nanotube-based sensors are another area that has an important role in the biosensor field. Bioluminescence gives much higher quantum yields than classical chemiluminescence. Electro-generated bioluminescence has the advantage of miniature size and can produce a high signal-to-noise ratio and the controlled emission. Recent advances in biological techniques and instrumentation involving fluorescence tag to nanomaterials have increased the sensitivity limit of biosensors. Integrated approaches provided a better perspective for developing specific and sensitive biosensors with high regenerative potentials. This paper mainly focuses on sensors that are important for the detection of multiple molecules related to clinical and environmental applications. Key points • The review focusses on the applications of luminescence-based, surface plasmon resonance-based, carbon nanotube-based, and graphene-based biosensors • Potential clinical, environmental, agricultural, and food industry applications/uses of biosensors have been critically reviewed • The current limitations in this field are discussed, as well as the prospects for future advancement
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Arvind K Singh Chandel
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Amarnath Mishra
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ishan H Raval
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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12
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Fahmy HM, Abu Serea ES, Salah-Eldin RE, Al-Hafiry SA, Ali MK, Shalan AE, Lanceros-Méndez S. Recent Progress in Graphene- and Related Carbon-Nanomaterial-based Electrochemical Biosensors for Early Disease Detection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:964-1000. [PMID: 35229605 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Graphene- and carbon-based nanomaterials are key materials to develop advanced biosensors for the sensitive detection of many biomarkers owing to their unique properties. Biosensors have attracted increasing interest because they allow efficacious, sensitive, selective, rapid, and low-cost diagnosis. Biosensors are analytical devices based on receptors for the process of detection and transducers for response measuring. Biosensors can be based on electrochemical, piezoelectric, thermal, and optical transduction mechanisms. Early virus identification provides critical information about potentially effective and selective therapies, extends the therapeutic window, and thereby reduces morbidity. The sensitivity and selectivity of graphene can be amended via functionalizing it or conjoining it with further materials. Amendment of the optical and electrical features of the hybrid structure by introducing appropriate functional groups or counterparts is especially appealing for quick and easy-to-use virus detection. Various techniques for the electrochemical detection of viruses depending on antigen-antibody interactions or DNA hybridization are discussed in this work, and the reasons behind using graphene and related carbon nanomaterials for the fabrication are presented and discussed. We review the existing state-of-the-art directions of graphene-based classifications for detecting DNA, protein, and hormone biomarkers and summarize the use of the different biosensors to detect several diseases, like cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes, to sense numerous viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, human immunodeficiency virus, rotavirus, Zika virus, and hepatitis B virus, and to detect the recent pandemic virus COVID-19. The general concepts, mechanisms of action, benefits, and disadvantages of advanced virus biosensors are discussed to afford beneficial evidence of the creation and manufacture of innovative virus biosensors. We emphasize that graphene-based nanomaterials are ideal candidates for electrochemical biosensor engineering due to their special and tunable physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mohamed Fahmy
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | - Esraa Samy Abu Serea
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt.,BCMaterials-Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Reem Essam Salah-Eldin
- Chemistry and Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Miar Khaled Ali
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmail Shalan
- BCMaterials-Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain.,Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, P.O. Box 87, Helwan, 11422 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials-Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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13
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Abstract
Printing technology promises a viable solution for the low-cost, rapid, flexible, and mass fabrication of biosensors. Among the vast number of printing techniques, screen printing and inkjet printing have been widely adopted for the fabrication of biosensors. Screen printing provides ease of operation and rapid processing; however, it is bound by the effects of viscous inks, high material waste, and the requirement for masks, to name a few. Inkjet printing, on the other hand, is well suited for mass fabrication that takes advantage of computer-aided design software for pattern modifications. Furthermore, being drop-on-demand, it prevents precious material waste and offers high-resolution patterning. To exploit the features of inkjet printing technology, scientists have been keen to use it for the development of biosensors since 1988. A vast number of fully and partially inkjet-printed biosensors have been developed ever since. This study presents a short introduction on the printing technology used for biosensor fabrication in general, and a brief review of the recent reports related to virus, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic biosensor fabrication, via inkjet printing technology in particular.
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14
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Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi H, Eivazzadeh‐Keihan R, Beig Parikhani A, Fattahi Mehraban S, Maleki A, Fereshteh S, Bazaz M, Zolriasatein A, Bozorgnia B, Rahmati S, Saberi F, Yousefi Najafabadi Z, Damough S, Mohseni S, Salehzadeh H, Khakyzadeh V, Madanchi H, Kardar GA, Zarrintaj P, Saeb MR, Mozafari M. COVID-19: A systematic review and update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e115. [PMID: 35281790 PMCID: PMC8906461 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the rapid onset of the COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the world in 2019, extensive studies have been conducted to unveil the behavior and emission pattern of the virus in order to determine the best ways to diagnosis of virus and thereof formulate effective drugs or vaccines to combat the disease. The emergence of novel diagnostic and therapeutic techniques considering the multiplicity of reports from one side and contradictions in assessments from the other side necessitates instantaneous updates on the progress of clinical investigations. There is also growing public anxiety from time to time mutation of COVID-19, as reflected in considerable mortality and transmission, respectively, from delta and Omicron variants. We comprehensively review and summarize different aspects of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19. First, biological characteristics of COVID-19 were explained from diagnosis standpoint. Thereafter, the preclinical animal models of COVID-19 were discussed to frame the symptoms and clinical effects of COVID-19 from patient to patient with treatment strategies and in-silico/computational biology. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of nanoscience/nanotechnology in identification, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 were discussed. This review covers almost all SARS-CoV-2-related topics extensively to deepen the understanding of the latest achievements (last updated on January 11, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Aghamirza Moghim Aliabadi
- Protein Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
- Advance Chemical Studies LaboratoryFaculty of ChemistryK. N. Toosi UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Arezoo Beig Parikhani
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | | | - Ali Maleki
- Department of ChemistryIran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran
| | | | - Masoume Bazaz
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | | | | | - Saman Rahmati
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Saberi
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zeinab Yousefi Najafabadi
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- ImmunologyAsthma & Allergy Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shadi Damough
- Department of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur InstituteTehranIran
| | - Sara Mohseni
- Non‐metallic Materials Research GroupNiroo Research InstituteTehranIran
| | | | - Vahid Khakyzadeh
- Department of ChemistryK. N. Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Hamid Madanchi
- School of MedicineSemnan University of Medical SciencesSemnanIran
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics UnitDepartment of Medical BiotechnologyBiotechnology Research CenterPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Gholam Ali Kardar
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- ImmunologyAsthma & Allergy Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School of Chemical EngineeringOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahomaUSA
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer TechnologyFaculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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15
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Lee D, Bhardwaj J, Jang J. Paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for label-free detection of multiple avian influenza virus antigens using flexible screen-printed carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane electrodes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2311. [PMID: 35145121 PMCID: PMC8831593 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted on measuring avian influenza viruses and their hemagglutinin (HA) antigens via electrochemical principles; most of these studies have used gold electrodes on ceramic, glass, or silicon substrates, and/or labeling for signal enhancement. Herein, we present a paper-based immunosensor for label-free measurement of multiple avian influenza virus (H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2) antigens using flexible screen-printed carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane electrodes. These flexible electrodes on a paper substrate can complement the physical weakness of the paper-based sensors when wetted, without affecting flexibility. The relative standard deviation of the peak currents was 1.88% when the electrodes were repeatedly bent and unfolded twenty times with deionized water provided each cycle, showing the stability of the electrodes. For the detection of HA antigens, approximately 10-μl samples (concentration: 100 pg/ml–100 ng/ml) were needed to form the antigen–antibody complexes during 20–30 min incubation, and the immune responses were measured via differential pulse voltammetry. The limits of detections were 55.7 pg/ml (0.95 pM) for H5N1 HA, 99.6 pg/ml (1.69 pM) for H7N9 HA, and 54.0 pg/ml (0.72 pM) for H9N2 HA antigens in phosphate buffered saline, and the sensors showed good selectivity and reproducibility. Such paper-based sensors are economical, flexible, robust, and easy-to-manufacture, with the ability to detect several avian influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daesoon Lee
- Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jyoti Bhardwaj
- Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Jang
- Sensors and Aerosols Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Hamidi-Asl E, Heidari L, Bakhsh Raoof J, Richard TP, Farhad S, Ghani M. A review on the recent achievements on coronaviruses recognition using electrochemical detection methods. Microchem J 2022; 178:107322. [PMID: 35233118 PMCID: PMC8875855 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Various coronaviruses, which cause a wide range of human and animal diseases, have emerged in the past 50 years. This may be due to their abilities to recombine, mutate, and infect multiple species and cell types. A novel coronavirus, which is a family of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), has been termed COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is the strain that has not been previously identified in humans. The early identification and diagnosis of the virus is crucial for effective pandemic prevention. In this study, we review shortly various diagnostic methods for virus assay and focus on recent advances in electrochemical biosensors for COVID-19 detection.
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17
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Zhang Z, Ma P, Ahmed R, Wang J, Akin D, Soto F, Liu BF, Li P, Demirci U. Advanced Point-of-Care Testing Technologies for Human Acute Respiratory Virus Detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103646. [PMID: 34623709 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The ever-growing global threats to human life caused by the human acute respiratory virus (RV) infections have cost billions of lives, created a significant economic burden, and shaped society for centuries. The timely response to emerging RVs could save human lives and reduce the medical care burden. The development of RV detection technologies is essential for potentially preventing RV pandemic and epidemics. However, commonly used detection technologies lack sensitivity, specificity, and speed, thus often failing to provide the rapid turnaround times. To address this problem, new technologies are devised to address the performance inadequacies of the traditional methods. These emerging technologies offer improvements in convenience, speed, flexibility, and portability of point-of-care test (POCT). Herein, recent developments in POCT are comprehensively reviewed for eight typical acute respiratory viruses. This review discusses the challenges and opportunities of various recognition and detection strategies and discusses these according to their detection principles, including nucleic acid amplification, optical POCT, electrochemistry, lateral flow assays, microfluidics, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and microarrays. The importance of limits of detection, throughput, portability, and specificity when testing clinical samples in resource-limited settings is emphasized. Finally, the evaluation of commercial POCT kits for both essential RV diagnosis and clinical-oriented practices is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Peng Ma
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Rajib Ahmed
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Fernando Soto
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
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18
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Mukherjee S, Strakova P, Richtera L, Adam V, Ashrafi A. Biosensors-based approaches for other viral infection detection. ADVANCED BIOSENSORS FOR VIRUS DETECTION 2022. [PMCID: PMC8901426 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824494-4.00013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Contamination and infection due to viruses are one of the major reasons for diseases amounting to hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. In recent years, several novels and reemerging viral diseases have seen an outstanding rise in occurrence like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has arguably altered the socioeconomic strata and also pointed out the shortcomings in medical biology and diagnostics at a global scale. The overwhelming burden of global infection numbers exceeded expectations from federal healthcare programs and medical facilities. The current situation pointed out that the cost of reliable tests is disproportionately high in case of frequent repetition of tests on one person. Also, the speed of distribution, implementation, and evaluation of tests are unsatisfactory in the current situation, both technically and logistically. Viruses are nonliving obligate parasites and require living host cells to replicate and propagate. Due to their error-prone replication mechanism and fast mutations, the protective layers and mechanisms change quickly, thus helping them to evade immune reactions in the host cell. This has led to reemergence and also establishing new virus strains. Medicinal biology and conventional diagnostic practices are now facing a challenging task to upkeep with the pace of these occurrences. Therefore to improve the quality of detection and to help in the reduction of cost, major advancements are required in the detection techniques to better prepare the healthcare system for a similar novel virus infection in the future.
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19
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Tepeli Büyüksünetçi Y, Çitil BE, Anık Ü. An impedimetric approach for COVID-19 detection. Analyst 2021; 147:130-138. [PMID: 34859794 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01718g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an electrochemical approach for the determination of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was developed. The biosensor system relied on the spike protein (S-protein) based infection mechanism of the virus and included separate interactions of receptors like angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and CD147. After the optimization of experimental parameters, the analytical characteristics of both receptors ACE2 and CD147 were investigated. For ACE2 receptor, the linear detection ranges of the S-protein were found in the range of 700 ng mL-1 to 1500 ng mL-1 and from 1500 ng mL-1 to 7000 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 299.30 ng mL-1. Meanwhile, for CD147 receptor the linear range was in the range of 500 ng mL-1 to 5000 ng mL-1 with a LOD value of 38.99 ng mL-1. After the examination of analytical characteristics, the developed electrochemical approach was applied for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 samples and the obtained results were validated with real time polymerase chain reaction method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Burak Ekrem Çitil
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Kotekli-Mugla, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Anık
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Kotekli-Mugla, Turkey. .,Sensors, Biosensors and Nano-Diagnostic Systems Laboratory, Research Laboratory Center, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Kotekli-Mugla, Turkey
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20
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Nasrollahi F, Haghniaz R, Hosseini V, Davoodi E, Mahmoodi M, Karamikamkar S, Darabi MA, Zhu Y, Lee J, Diltemiz SE, Montazerian H, Sangabathuni S, Tavafoghi M, Jucaud V, Sun W, Kim H, Ahadian S, Khademhosseini A. Micro and Nanoscale Technologies for Diagnosis of Viral Infections. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100692. [PMID: 34310048 PMCID: PMC8420309 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Viral infection is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The growth of globalization significantly increases the risk of virus spreading, making it a global threat to future public health. In particular, the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak emphasizes the importance of devices and methods for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective diagnosis of viral infections in the early stages by which their quick and global spread can be controlled. Micro and nanoscale technologies have attracted tremendous attention in recent years for a variety of medical and biological applications, especially in developing diagnostic platforms for rapid and accurate detection of viral diseases. This review addresses advances of microneedles, microchip-based integrated platforms, and nano- and microparticles for sampling, sample processing, enrichment, amplification, and detection of viral particles and antigens related to the diagnosis of viral diseases. Additionally, methods for the fabrication of microchip-based devices and commercially used devices are described. Finally, challenges and prospects on the development of micro and nanotechnologies for the early diagnosis of viral diseases are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nasrollahi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Elham Davoodi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada
| | - Mahboobeh Mahmoodi
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringYazd BranchIslamic Azad UniversityYazd8915813135Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Darabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Junmin Lee
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Sibel Emir Diltemiz
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceEskisehir Technical UniversityEskisehir26470Turkey
| | - Hossein Montazerian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | | | - Maryam Tavafoghi
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California‐Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Han‐Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI)Los AngelesCA90024USA
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21
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Zamzami MA, Rabbani G, Ahmad A, Basalah AA, Al-Sabban WH, Nate Ahn S, Choudhry H. Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET)-based biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) surface spike protein S1. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 143:107982. [PMID: 34715586 PMCID: PMC8518145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The large-scale diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is important for traceability and treatment during pandemic outbreaks. We developed a fast (2–3 min), easy-to-use, low-cost, and quantitative electrochemical biosensor based on carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) that allows digital detection of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 in fortifited saliva samples for quick and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigens. The biosensor was developed on a Si/SiO2 surface by CNT printing with the immobilization of a anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1. SARS-CoV-2 S1 antibody was immobilized on the CNT surface between the S-D channel area using a linker 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PBASE) through non-covalent interaction. A commercial SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen was used to characterize the electrical output of the CNT-FET biosensor. The SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen in the 10 mM AA buffer pH 6.0 was effectively detected by the CNT-FET biosensor at concentrations from 0.1 fg/mL to 5.0 pg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) of the developed CNT-FET biosensor was 4.12 fg/mL. The selectivity test was performed by using target SARS-CoV-2 S1 and non-target SARS-CoV-1 S1 and MERS-CoV S1 antigens in the 10 mM AA buffer pH 6.0. The biosensor showed high selectivity (no response to SARS-CoV-1 S1 or MERS-CoV S1 antigen) with SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen detection in the 10 mM AA buffer pH 6.0. The biosensor is highly sensitive, saves time, and could be a helpful platform for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen from the patients saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazin A Zamzami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gulam Rabbani
- Nano Diagnostics & Devices (NDD), IT Medical Fusion Center, 350-27 Gumidae-ro, Gumi-si, Gyeongbuk 39253, Republic of Korea
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Basalah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering & Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam H Al-Sabban
- Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Systems, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeyoung Nate Ahn
- Nano Diagnostics & Devices (NDD), IT Medical Fusion Center, 350-27 Gumidae-ro, Gumi-si, Gyeongbuk 39253, Republic of Korea; Fuzbien Technology Institute, 13 Taft Court, suite 222, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Bukkitgar SD, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM. Electrochemical investigations for COVID-19 detection-A comparison with other viral detection methods. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 420:127575. [PMID: 33162783 PMCID: PMC7605744 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced infection such as SARS-CoV-2 is a serious threat to human health and the economic setback of the world. Continued advances in the development of technologies are required before the viruses undergo mutation. The low concentration of viruses in environmental samples makes the detection extremely challenging; simple, accurate and rapid detection methods are in urgent need. Of all the analytical techniques, electrochemical methods have the established capabilities to address the issues. Particularly, the integration of nanotechnology would allow miniature devices to be made available at the point-of-care. This review outlines the capabilities of electrochemical methods in conjunction with nanotechnology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Future directions and challenges of the electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are covered including wearable and conformal biosensors, detection of plant pathogens, multiplexed detection, and reusable biosensors for on-site monitoring, thereby providing low-cost and disposable biosensors.
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Key Words
- AIV H5N1, Avian influenza
- AIV, Avian influenza virus
- ASFV, African swine fever virus
- BVDV, Bovine viral diarrhea virus
- CGV, Chikungunya viruses
- CMV, Cucumber mosaic virus
- COVID-19
- CSFV, Classic swine fever virus
- CV, Cyclic voltammetry
- DAstV-1, Duck astrovirus 1
- DAstV-2, Duck astrovirus 2
- DENV, Dengue virus
- DEV, Duck enteritis virus
- DHAV-1, Duck hepatitis A virus 1
- DHAV-3, Duck hepatitis A virus 3
- DPV, Differential pulse voltammetry
- DRV-1, Duck reovirus 1
- DRV-2, Duck reovirus 2
- Detection
- EBV, Epstein-Barr virus
- EIS, Electric impedance spectroscopy
- EPC, External positive controls
- EV, Human enterovirus
- EV71, Human enterovirus 71
- Electrochemical sensor
- FMI SMOF, Fluorescence molecularly imprinted sensor based on a metal–organic framework
- GCE, Glassy carbon electrode
- GCFaV-1, Ginger chlorotic fleck associated virus 1
- GCFaV-2, Ginger chlorotic fleck-associated virus 2
- GEV VN-96, Gastroenteritis virus VN-96
- GPV, Goose parvovirus
- HHV, Human herpes virus 6
- HIAV, Human influenza A viruses
- HPB19, Human parvovirus B19
- HSV, Herpes simplex
- IAV, influenza A virus
- IEA, Interdigitated electrode array
- IMA, Interdigitated microelectrode array
- INAA, Isothermal nucleic acid amplification-based
- JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus
- LAMP, Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
- LSV, Linear sweep voltammetry
- MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- MIEC, Molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence
- MNV, Murine norovirus
- MeV, Measles virus
- NNV, Nervous necrosis virus
- Nanotechnology
- PBoV, Porcine bocavirus
- PCNAME, Pt-coated nanostructured alumina membrane electrode
- PCR
- PCRLFS, Polymerase Chain Reaction with a lateral flow strip with a lateral flow strip
- PCV, Porcine circovirus 3
- PEDV, Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
- PRRSV, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
- PSV, Pseudorabies virus
- RCA, Rolling circle amplification
- RGO, Reduced graphene oxide
- RT-LAMP-VF, RT-LAMP and a vertical flow visualization strip
- RV, Rubella virus
- SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SIVH1N1, Swine influenza virus
- SWV, Square wave voltammetry
- TGEV, transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus
- TMUV, Tembusu virus
- USEGFET, Ultra-sensitive electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor
- VZV, Varicella-zoster virus
- VZV, varicella-Zoster virus
- Viruses
- ZV, Zika virus
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikandar D Bukkitgar
- Centre for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Centre for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soniya College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580-007, India
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Wang J, Drelich AJ, Hopkins CM, Mecozzi S, Li L, Kwon G, Hong S. Gold nanoparticles in virus detection: Recent advances and potential considerations for SARS-CoV-2 testing development. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 14:e1754. [PMID: 34498423 PMCID: PMC8646453 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are infectious agents that pose significant threats to plants, animals, and humans. The current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has spread globally and resulted in over 2 million deaths and immeasurable financial losses. Rapid and sensitive virus diagnostics become crucially important in controlling the spread of a pandemic before effective treatment and vaccines are available. Gold nanoparticle (AuNP)‐based testing holds great potential for this urgent unmet biomedical need. In this review, we describe the most recent advances in AuNP‐based viral detection applications. In addition, we discuss considerations for the design of AuNP‐based SARS‐CoV‐2 testings. Finally, we highlight and propose important parameters to consider for the future development of effective AuNP‐based testings that would be critical for not only this COVID‐19 pandemic, but also potential future outbreaks. This article is categorized under:Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle‐Based Sensing
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Wang
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Adam J Drelich
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Caroline M Hopkins
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sandro Mecozzi
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Glen Kwon
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Seungpyo Hong
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Yonsei Frontier Lab and Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Magnetic separation and enzymatic catalysis conjugated colorimetric immunosensor for Hepatitis B surface antigen detection. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Naikoo GA, Awan T, Hassan IU, Salim H, Arshad F, Ahmed W, Asiri AM, Qurashi A. Nanomaterials-Based Sensors for Respiratory Viral Detection: A Review. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2021; 21:17643-17656. [PMID: 35790098 PMCID: PMC8769020 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2021.3085084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Contagious diseases are the principal cause of mortality, particularly respiratory viruses, a real menace for public health and economic development worldwide. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatments are the only life-saving strategy to overcome any epidemic and particularly the ongoing prevailing pandemic COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. A rapid identification, point of care, portable, highly sensitive, stable, and inexpensive device is needed which is exceptionally satisfied by sensor technology. Consequently, the researchers have directed their attention to employing sensors targeting multiple analyses of pathogenic detections across the world. Nanostructured materials (nanoparticles, nanowires, nanobundles, etc.), owing to their unique characteristics such as large surface-to-volume ratio and nanoscale interactions, are widely employed to fabricate facile sensors to meet all the immediate emerging challenges and threats. This review is anticipated to foster researchers in developing advanced nanomaterials-based sensors for the increasing number of COVID-19 cases across the globe. The mechanism of respiratory viral detection by nanomaterials-based sensors has been reported. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages, and their comparison with conventional sensors are summarized. Furthermore, we have highlighted the challenges and future potential of these sensors for achieving efficient and rapid detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowhar A. Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics and SciencesCollege of Arts and Applied SciencesDhofar UniversitySalalahPC 211Oman
| | - Tasbiha Awan
- Department of Mathematics and SciencesCollege of Arts and Applied SciencesDhofar UniversitySalalahPC 211Oman
| | | | - Hiba Salim
- Department of Mathematics and SciencesCollege of Arts and Applied SciencesDhofar UniversitySalalahPC 211Oman
| | - Fareeha Arshad
- Department of BiochemistryAligarh Muslim UniversityUttar Pradesh202002India
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Physics, College of ScienceUniversity of LincolnLincolnLN6 7TSU.K.
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahPC 21589Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahsanulhaq Qurashi
- Department of ChemistryKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiPC 127788United Arab Emirates
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26
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Losada-Garcia N, Garcia-Sanz C, Andreu A, Velasco-Torrijos T, Palomo JM. Glyconanomaterials for Human Virus Detection and Inhibition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1684. [PMID: 34206886 PMCID: PMC8308178 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are among the most infectious pathogens, responsible for the highest death toll around the world. Lack of effective clinical drugs for most viral diseases emphasizes the need for speedy and accurate diagnosis at early stages of infection to prevent rapid spread of the pathogens. Glycans are important molecules which are involved in different biological recognition processes, especially in the spread of infection by mediating virus interaction with endothelial cells. Thus, novel strategies based on nanotechnology have been developed for identifying and inhibiting viruses in a fast, selective, and precise way. The nanosized nature of nanomaterials and their exclusive optical, electronic, magnetic, and mechanical features can improve patient care through using sensors with minimal invasiveness and extreme sensitivity. This review provides an overview of the latest advances of functionalized glyconanomaterials, for rapid and selective biosensing detection of molecules as biomarkers or specific glycoproteins and as novel promising antiviral agents for different kinds of serious viruses, such as the Dengue virus, Ebola virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza virus, Zika virus, or coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Losada-Garcia
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (N.L.-G.); (C.G.-S.); (A.A.)
| | - Carla Garcia-Sanz
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (N.L.-G.); (C.G.-S.); (A.A.)
| | - Alicia Andreu
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (N.L.-G.); (C.G.-S.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Jose M. Palomo
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (N.L.-G.); (C.G.-S.); (A.A.)
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27
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Diouani MF, Sayhi M, Djafar ZR, Ben Jomaa S, Belgacem K, Gharbi H, Ghita M, Popescu LM, Piticescu R, Laouini D. Magnetic Separation and Centri-Chronoamperometric Detection of Foodborne Bacteria Using Antibiotic-Coated Metallic Nanoparticles. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11070205. [PMID: 34201531 PMCID: PMC8301846 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Quality and food safety represent a major stake and growing societal challenge in the world. Bacterial contamination of food and water resources is an element that pushes scientists to develop new means for the rapid and efficient detection and identification of these pathogens. Conventional detection tools are often bulky, laborious, expensive to buy, and, above all, require an analysis time of a few hours to several days. The interest in developing new, simple, rapid, and nonlaborious bacteriological diagnostic methods is therefore increasingly important for scientists, industry, and regulatory bodies. In this study, antibiotic-functionalized metallic nanoparticles were used to isolate and identify the foodborne bacterial strains Bacillus cereus and Shigella flexneri. With this aim, a new diagnostic tool for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, gold nanoparticle-based centri-chronoamperometry, has been developed. Vancomycin was first stabilized at the surface of gold nanoparticles and then incubated with the bacteria B. cereus or S. flexneri to form the AuNP@vancomycin/bacteria complex. This complex was separated by centrifugation, then treated with hydrochloric acid and placed at the surface of a carbon microelectrode. The gold nanoparticles of the formed complex catalyzed the hydrogen reduction reaction, and the generated current was used as an analytical signal. Our results show the possibility of the simple and rapid detection of the S. flexneri and B. cereus strains at very low numbers of 3 cells/mL and 12 cells/mL, respectively. On the other hand, vancomycin-capped magnetic beads were easily synthesized and then used to separate the bacteria from the culture medium. The results show that vancomycin at the surface of these metallic nanoparticles is able to interact with the bacteria membrane and then used to separate the bacteria and to purify an inoculated medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fethi Diouani
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology (LEMV), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT03, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
- Campus Universitaire Farhat Hached B.P. n° 94-ROMMANA, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | - Maher Sayhi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology (LEMV), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT03, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
- Campus Universitaire Farhat Hached B.P. n° 94-ROMMANA, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT02, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
| | - Zehaira Romeissa Djafar
- Laboratory of Improvement and Development of Plant and Animal Production (ADPVA), Sétif 19000, Algeria
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Sétif, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Samir Ben Jomaa
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology (LEMV), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT03, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Bizerte 1054, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Belgacem
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology (LEMV), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT03, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
| | - Hayet Gharbi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology (LEMV), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT03, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
| | - Mihai Ghita
- National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, INCDMNR-IMNR, 102 Biruintei Blvd, Pantelimon, 077145 Ilfov, Romania
| | - Laura-Madalina Popescu
- National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, INCDMNR-IMNR, 102 Biruintei Blvd, Pantelimon, 077145 Ilfov, Romania
| | - Roxana Piticescu
- National R&D Institute for Non-Ferrous and Rare Metals, INCDMNR-IMNR, 102 Biruintei Blvd, Pantelimon, 077145 Ilfov, Romania
| | - Dhafer Laouini
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT02, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
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28
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Zhao Z, Huang C, Huang Z, Lin F, He Q, Tao D, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Guo Z. Advancements in electrochemical biosensing for respiratory virus detection: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2021; 139:116253. [PMID: 33727755 PMCID: PMC7952277 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses are real menace for human health which result in devastating epidemic disease. Consequently, it is in urgent need of identifying and quantifying virus with a rapid, sensitive and precise approach. The study of electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection has become one of the most rapidly developing scientific fields. Recent developments in electrochemical biosensors concerning respiratory virus detection are comprehensively reviewed in this paper. This review is structured along common detecting objects of respiratory viruses, electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection and future challenges. The electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection are introduced, including nucleic acids-based, immunosensors and other affinity biosensors. Lastly, for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, the future challenges regarding developing electrochemical biosensor-based Point-of-Care Tests (POCTs) are summarized. This review is expected to provide a helpful guide for the researchers entering this interdisciplinary field and developing more novel electrochemical biosensors for respiratory virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Changfu Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Fengjuan Lin
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Qinlin He
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Dan Tao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault
- University of Lyon, Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, 5, La Doua Street, Villeurbanne 69100, France
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, PR China
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Mackuľak T, Gál M, Špalková V, Fehér M, Briestenská K, Mikušová M, Tomčíková K, Tamáš M, Butor Škulcová A. Wastewater-Based Epidemiology as an Early Warning System for the Spreading of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Mutations in the Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5629. [PMID: 34070320 PMCID: PMC8197469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New methodologies based on the principle of "sewage epidemiology" have been successfully applied before in the detection of illegal drugs. The study describes the idea of early detection of a virus, e.g., SARS-CoV-2, in wastewater in order to focus on the area of virus occurrence and supplement the results obtained from clinical examination. By monitoring temporal variation in viral loads in wastewater in combination with other analysis, a virus outbreak can be detected and its spread can be suppressed early. The use of biosensors for virus detection also seems to be an interesting application. Biosensors are highly sensitive, selective, and portable and offer a way for fast analysis. This manuscript provides an overview of the current situation in the area of wastewater analysis, including genetic sequencing regarding viral detection and the technological solution of an early warning system for wastewater monitoring based on biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Mackuľak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.T.); (A.B.Š.)
| | - Miroslav Gál
- Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.G.); (V.Š.)
| | - Viera Špalková
- Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.G.); (V.Š.)
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Fehér
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.T.); (A.B.Š.)
- Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.G.); (V.Š.)
| | - Katarína Briestenská
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.B.); (M.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Miriam Mikušová
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.B.); (M.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Karolína Tomčíková
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.B.); (M.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Michal Tamáš
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.T.); (A.B.Š.)
| | - Andrea Butor Škulcová
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.F.); (M.T.); (A.B.Š.)
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30
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Tepeli Büyüksünetçi Y, Anik Ü. Neuraminidase Based Electro‐Nano Diagnostic Platforms: Development of Model Systems for Cancer Diagnosis. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ülkü Anik
- Muğla Sıtkı Kocman University Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department 48000-Kotekli Mugla Turkey
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31
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Xu Y, Zheng H, Schumacher D, Liehn EA, Slabu I, Rusu M. Recent Advancements of Specific Functionalized Surfaces of Magnetic Nano- and Microparticles as a Theranostics Source in Biomedicine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1914-1932. [PMID: 33856199 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nano- and microparticles (MNMPs) belong to a highly versatile class of colloids with actuator and sensor properties that have been broadly studied for their application in theranostics such as molecular imaging and drug delivery. The use of advanced biocompatible, biodegradable polymers and polyelectrolytes as MNMP coating materials is essential to ensure the stability of MNMPs and enable efficient drug release while at the same time preventing cytotoxic effects. In the past years, huge progress has been made in terms of the design of MNMPs. Especially, the understanding of coating formation with respect to control of drug loading and release kinetics on the molecular level has significantly advanced. In this review, recent advancements in the field of MNMP surface engineering and the applicability of MNMPs in research fields of medical imaging, diagnosis, and nanotherapeutics are presented and discussed. Furthermore, in this review the main emphasis is put on the manipulation of biological specimens and cell trafficking, for which MNMPs represent a favorable tool enabling transport processes of drugs through cell membranes. Finally, challenges and future perspectives for applications of MNMPs as theranostic nanomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huabo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology, and Intensive Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - David Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisa Anamaria Liehn
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology, and Intensive Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes", Splaiul Independentei nr. 99-101, Sector 5, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Slabu
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mihaela Rusu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes", Splaiul Independentei nr. 99-101, Sector 5, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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32
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Brazaca LC, Dos Santos PL, de Oliveira PR, Rocha DP, Stefano JS, Kalinke C, Abarza Muñoz RA, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC, Carrilho E. Biosensing strategies for the electrochemical detection of viruses and viral diseases - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1159:338384. [PMID: 33867035 PMCID: PMC9186435 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are the causing agents for many relevant diseases, including influenza, Ebola, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19. Its rapid replication and high transmissibility can lead to serious consequences not only to the individual but also to collective health, causing deep economic impacts. In this scenario, diagnosis tools are of significant importance, allowing the rapid, precise, and low-cost testing of a substantial number of individuals. Currently, PCR-based techniques are the gold standard for the diagnosis of viral diseases. Although these allow the diagnosis of different illnesses with high precision, they still present significant drawbacks. Their main disadvantages include long periods for obtaining results and the need for specialized professionals and equipment, requiring the tests to be performed in research centers. In this scenario, biosensors have been presented as promising alternatives for the rapid, precise, low-cost, and on-site diagnosis of viral diseases. This critical review article describes the advancements achieved in the last five years regarding electrochemical biosensors for the diagnosis of viral infections. First, genosensors and aptasensors for the detection of virus and the diagnosis of viral diseases are presented in detail regarding probe immobilization approaches, detection methods (label-free and sandwich), and amplification strategies. Following, immunosensors are highlighted, including many different construction strategies such as label-free, sandwich, competitive, and lateral-flow assays. Then, biosensors for the detection of viral-diseases-related biomarkers are presented and discussed, as well as point of care systems and their advantages when compared to traditional techniques. Last, the difficulties of commercializing electrochemical devices are critically discussed in conjunction with future trends such as lab-on-a-chip and flexible sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Pãmyla Layene Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil
| | - Diego Pessoa Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Santos Stefano
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kalinke
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza Muñoz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Juliano Alves Bonacin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Bruno Campos Janegitz
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Matemática e Educação, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, SP, 13600-970, Brazil.
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica-INCTBio, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Imran S, Ahmadi S, Kerman K. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:174. [PMID: 33578979 PMCID: PMC7916687 DOI: 10.3390/mi12020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last few decades have been plagued by viral outbreaks that present some of the biggest challenges to public safety. The current coronavirus (COVID-19) disease pandemic has exponentiated these concerns. Increased research on diagnostic tools is currently being implemented in order to assist with rapid identification of the virus, as mass diagnosis and containment is the best way to prevent the outbreak of the virus. Accordingly, there is a growing urgency to establish a point-of-care device for the rapid detection of coronavirus to prevent subsequent spread. This device needs to be sensitive, selective, and exhibit rapid diagnostic capabilities. Electrochemical biosensors have demonstrated these traits and, hence, serve as promising candidates for the detection of viruses. This review summarizes the designs and features of electrochemical biosensors developed for some past and current pandemic or epidemic viruses, including influenza, HIV, Ebola, and Zika. Alongside the design, this review also discusses the detection principles, fabrication techniques, and applications of the biosensors. Finally, research and perspective of biosensors as potential detection tools for the rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saim Imran
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (S.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Soha Ahmadi
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (S.I.); (S.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Kagan Kerman
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; (S.I.); (S.A.)
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Mollarasouli F, Zor E, Ozcelikay G, Ozkan SA. Magnetic nanoparticles in developing electrochemical sensors for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Talanta 2021; 226:122108. [PMID: 33676664 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A revolutionary impact on the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications has been arisen in the few years to come as a result of the advances made in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) research. The use of MNPs opens wide opportunities in diagnostics, drug and gene delivery, in vivo imaging, magnetic separation, and hyperthermia therapy, etc. Besides, their possible integration in sensors makes them an ideal essential element of innovative pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Nowadays, MNPs-based electrochemical sensors have attracted great attention to pharmaceutical and biomedical applications owing to their high sensitivity, stability. Selectivity towards the target as well as their simplicity of manufacture. Therefore, this review focus on recent advances with cutting-edge approaches dealing with the synthesis, design, and advantageous analytical performance of MNPs in the electrochemical sensors utilized for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications between 2015 and 2020. The challenges existing in this research area and some potential strategies/future perspectives for the rational design of electrochemical sensors are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erhan Zor
- Department of Science Education, A. K. Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey; Biomaterials and Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey
| | - Goksu Ozcelikay
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
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Tarim EA, Karakuzu B, Oksuz C, Sarigil O, Kizilkaya M, Al-Ruweidi MKAA, Yalcin HC, Ozcivici E, Tekin HC. Microfluidic-based virus detection methods for respiratory diseases. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2021; 4:143-168. [PMID: 33786415 PMCID: PMC7992628 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With the recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, the importance of rapid and direct detection of respiratory disease viruses has been well recognized. The detection of these viruses with novel technologies is vital in timely prevention and treatment strategies for epidemics and pandemics. Respiratory viruses can be detected from saliva, swab samples, nasal fluid, and blood, and collected samples can be analyzed by various techniques. Conventional methods for virus detection are based on techniques relying on cell culture, antigen-antibody interactions, and nucleic acids. However, these methods require trained personnel as well as expensive equipment. Microfluidic technologies, on the other hand, are one of the most accurate and specific methods to directly detect respiratory tract viruses. During viral infections, the production of detectable amounts of relevant antibodies takes a few days to weeks, hampering the aim of prevention. Alternatively, nucleic acid-based methods can directly detect the virus-specific RNA or DNA region, even before the immune response. There are numerous methods to detect respiratory viruses, but direct detection techniques have higher specificity and sensitivity than other techniques. This review aims to summarize the methods and technologies developed for microfluidic-based direct detection of viruses that cause respiratory infection using different detection techniques. Microfluidics enables the use of minimal sample volumes and thereby leading to a time, cost, and labor effective operation. Microfluidic-based detection technologies provide affordable, portable, rapid, and sensitive analysis of intact virus or virus genetic material, which is very important in pandemic and epidemic events to control outbreaks with an effective diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Alperay Tarim
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Betul Karakuzu
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cemre Oksuz
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oyku Sarigil
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melike Kizilkaya
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | - Engin Ozcivici
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - H. Cumhur Tekin
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
- METU MEMS Center, Ankara, Turkey
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Farre C, Viezzi S, Wright A, Robin P, Lejal N, Manzano M, Vidic J, Chaix C. Specific and sensitive detection of Influenza A virus using a biotin-coated nanoparticle enhanced immunomagnetic assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 414:265-276. [PMID: 33230699 PMCID: PMC7682758 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the development of a sensitive magnetic bead-based enzyme-linked immunoassay (MELISA) for the pan-reactive detection of the Influenza A virus. The assay combines immunomagnetic beads and biotin-nanoparticle-based detection to quantify a highly conserved viral nucleoprotein in virus lysates. At the capture step, monoclonal antibody-coated magnetic microbeads were used to bind and concentrate the nucleoprotein in samples. The colorimetric detection signal was amplified using biotinylated silica nanoparticles (NP). These nanoparticles were functionalized on the surface with short DNA spacers bearing biotin groups by an automated supported synthesis method performed on nano-on-micro assemblies with a DNA/RNA synthesizer. A biotin-nanoparticle and immunomagnetic bead-based assay was developed. We succeeded in detecting Influenza A viruses directly in the lysis buffer supplemented with 10% saliva to simulate the clinical context. The biotin-nanoparticle amplification step enabled detection limits as low as 3 × 103 PFU mL-1 and 4 × 104 PFU mL-1 to be achieved for the H1N1 and H3N2 strains respectively. In contrast, a classical ELISA test based on the same antibody sandwich showed detection limit of 1.2 × 107 PFU mL-1 for H1N1. The new enhanced MELISA proved to be specific, as no cross-reactivity was found with a porcine respiratory virus (PRRSV). Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Farre
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sara Viezzi
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France.,Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-Alimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Alice Wright
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Perrine Robin
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nathalie Lejal
- Université Paris-Saclay, UR892, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marisa Manzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-Alimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Carole Chaix
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France.
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Alhalaili B, Popescu IN, Kamoun O, Alzubi F, Alawadhia S, Vidu R. Nanobiosensors for the Detection of Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV and Other Pandemic/Epidemic Respiratory Viruses: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6591. [PMID: 33218097 PMCID: PMC7698809 DOI: 10.3390/s20226591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is considered a public health emergency of international concern. The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused this pandemic has spread rapidly to over 200 countries, and has drastically affected public health and the economies of states at unprecedented levels. In this context, efforts around the world are focusing on solving this problem in several directions of research, by: (i) exploring the origin and evolution of the phylogeny of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome; (ii) developing nanobiosensors that could be highly effective in detecting the new coronavirus; (iii) finding effective treatments for COVID-19; and (iv) working on vaccine development. In this paper, an overview of the progress made in the development of nanobiosensors for the detection of human coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is presented, along with specific techniques for modifying the surface of nanobiosensors. The newest detection methods of the influenza virus responsible for acute respiratory syndrome were compared with conventional methods, highlighting the newest trends in diagnostics, applications, and challenges of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 causative virus) nanobiosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Alhalaili
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (B.A.); (F.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Ileana Nicoleta Popescu
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Mechanics, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia Street, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
| | - Olfa Kamoun
- Physics of Semiconductor Devices Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1068, Tunisia;
| | - Feras Alzubi
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (B.A.); (F.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sami Alawadhia
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (B.A.); (F.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Ruxandra Vidu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Functionalized TiO 2 Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20205871. [PMID: 33080785 PMCID: PMC7589637 DOI: 10.3390/s20205871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COronaVIrus Disease (COVID-19) is a newly emerging viral disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Rapid increase in the number of COVID-19 cases worldwide led the WHO to declare a pandemic within a few months after the first case of infection. Due to the lack of a prophylactic measure to control the virus infection and spread, early diagnosis and quarantining of infected as well as the asymptomatic individuals are necessary for the containment of this pandemic. However, the current methods for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis are expensive and time consuming, although some promising and inexpensive technologies are becoming available for emergency use. In this work, we report the synthesis of a cheap, yet highly sensitive, cobalt-functionalized TiO2 nanotubes (Co-TNTs)-based electrochemical sensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 through sensing the spike (receptor binding domain (RBD)) present on the surface of the virus. A simple, low-cost, and one-step electrochemical anodization route was used for synthesizing TNTs, followed by an incipient wetting method for cobalt functionalization of the TNTs platform, which was connected to a potentiostat for data collection. This sensor specifically detected the S-RBD protein of SARS-CoV-2 even at very low concentration (range of 14 to 1400 nM (nano molar)). Additionally, our sensor showed a linear response in the detection of viral protein over the concentration range. Thus, our Co-TNT sensor is highly effective in detecting SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD protein in approximately 30 s, which can be explored for developing a point of care diagnostics for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasal secretions and saliva samples.
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Vadlamani BS, Uppal T, Verma SC, Misra M. Functionalized TiO 2 Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:s20205871. [PMID: 33080785 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.07.20190173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The COronaVIrus Disease (COVID-19) is a newly emerging viral disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Rapid increase in the number of COVID-19 cases worldwide led the WHO to declare a pandemic within a few months after the first case of infection. Due to the lack of a prophylactic measure to control the virus infection and spread, early diagnosis and quarantining of infected as well as the asymptomatic individuals are necessary for the containment of this pandemic. However, the current methods for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis are expensive and time consuming, although some promising and inexpensive technologies are becoming available for emergency use. In this work, we report the synthesis of a cheap, yet highly sensitive, cobalt-functionalized TiO2 nanotubes (Co-TNTs)-based electrochemical sensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 through sensing the spike (receptor binding domain (RBD)) present on the surface of the virus. A simple, low-cost, and one-step electrochemical anodization route was used for synthesizing TNTs, followed by an incipient wetting method for cobalt functionalization of the TNTs platform, which was connected to a potentiostat for data collection. This sensor specifically detected the S-RBD protein of SARS-CoV-2 even at very low concentration (range of 14 to 1400 nM (nano molar)). Additionally, our sensor showed a linear response in the detection of viral protein over the concentration range. Thus, our Co-TNT sensor is highly effective in detecting SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD protein in approximately 30 s, which can be explored for developing a point of care diagnostics for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasal secretions and saliva samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar S Vadlamani
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Timsy Uppal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Subhash C Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Mano Misra
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Soler M, Estevez MC, Cardenosa-Rubio M, Astua A, Lechuga LM. How Nanophotonic Label-Free Biosensors Can Contribute to Rapid and Massive Diagnostics of Respiratory Virus Infections: COVID-19 Case. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2663-2678. [PMID: 32786383 PMCID: PMC7447078 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The global sanitary crisis caused by the emergence of the respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 outbreak has revealed the urgent need for rapid, accurate, and affordable diagnostic tests to broadly and massively monitor the population in order to properly manage and control the spread of the pandemic. Current diagnostic techniques essentially rely on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, which provide the required sensitivity and specificity. However, its relatively long time-to-result, including sample transport to a specialized laboratory, delays massive detection. Rapid lateral flow tests (both antigen and serological tests) are a remarkable alternative for rapid point-of-care diagnostics, but they exhibit critical limitations as they do not always achieve the required sensitivity for reliable diagnostics and surveillance. Next-generation diagnostic tools capable of overcoming all the above limitations are in demand, and optical biosensors are an excellent option to surpass such critical issues. Label-free nanophotonic biosensors offer high sensitivity and operational robustness with an enormous potential for integration in compact autonomous devices to be delivered out-of-the-lab at the point-of-care (POC). Taking the current COVID-19 pandemic as a critical case scenario, we provide an overview of the diagnostic techniques for respiratory viruses and analyze how nanophotonic biosensors can contribute to improving such diagnostics. We review the ongoing published work using this biosensor technology for intact virus detection, nucleic acid detection or serological tests, and the key factors for bringing nanophotonic POC biosensors to accurate and effective COVID-19 diagnosis on the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Cardenosa-Rubio
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications (NanoB2A),
Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and
CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Astua
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications (NanoB2A),
Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and
CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura M. Lechuga
- Nanobiosensors and Bioanalytical Applications (NanoB2A),
Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, BIST and
CIBER-BBN, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Kveton F, Blsakova A, Kasak P, Tkac J. Glycan Nanobiosensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1406. [PMID: 32707669 PMCID: PMC7408262 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review paper comprehensively summarizes advances made in the design of glycan nanobiosensors using diverse forms of nanomaterials. In particular, the paper covers the application of gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanoparticles, hybrid types of nanoparticles, proteins as nanoscaffolds and various nanoscale-based approaches to designing such nanoscale probes. The article covers innovative immobilization strategies for the conjugation of glycans on nanoparticles. Summaries of the detection schemes applied, the analytes detected and the key operational characteristics of such nanobiosensors are provided in the form of tables for each particular type of nanomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Kveton
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (F.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Blsakova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (F.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (F.K.); (A.B.)
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Cesewski E, Johnson BN. Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 159:112214. [PMID: 32364936 PMCID: PMC7152911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are reviewed. Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are broadly reviewed in terms of transduction elements, biorecognition elements, electrochemical techniques, and biosensor performance. Transduction elements are discussed in terms of electrode material and form factor. Biorecognition elements for pathogen detection, including antibodies, aptamers, and imprinted polymers, are discussed in terms of availability, production, and immobilization approach. Emerging areas of electrochemical biosensor design are reviewed, including electrode modification and transducer integration. Measurement formats for pathogen detection are classified in terms of sample preparation and secondary binding steps. Applications of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of pathogens in food and water safety, medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and bio-threat applications are highlighted. Future directions and challenges of electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are discussed, including wearable and conformal biosensors, detection of plant pathogens, multiplexed detection, reusable biosensors for process monitoring applications, and low-cost, disposable biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cesewski
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Blake N Johnson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Ravina, Dalal A, Mohan H, Prasad M, Pundir C. Detection methods for influenza A H1N1 virus with special reference to biosensors: a review. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20193852. [PMID: 32016385 PMCID: PMC7000365 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
H1N1 (Swine flu) is caused by influenza A virus, which is a member of Orthomyxoviridae family. Transmission of H1N1 occurs from human to human through air or sometimes from pigs to humans. The influenza virus has different RNA segments, which can reassert to make new virus strain with the possibility to create an outbreak in unimmunized people. Gene reassortment is a process through which new strains are emerging in pigs, as it has specific receptors for both human influenza and avian influenza viruses. H1N1 binds specifically with an α-2,6 glycosidic bond, which is present in human respiratory tract cells as well as in pigs. Considering the fact of fast multiplication of viruses inside the living cells, rapid detection methods need an hour. Currently, WHO recommended methods for the detection of swine flu include real-time PCR in specific testing centres that take 3-4 h. More recently, a number of methods such as Antigen-Antibody or RT-LAMP and DNA biosensors have also been developed that are rapid and more sensitive. This review describes the various challenges in the diagnosis of H1N1, and merits and demerits of conventional vis-à-vis latest methods with special emphasis on biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravina
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Anita Dalal
- DCR University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, Haryana 131039, India
| | - Hari Mohan
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Minakshi Prasad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - C.S. Pundir
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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Abstract
Infectious diseases are caused from pathogens, which need a reliable and fast diagnosis. Today, expert personnel and centralized laboratories are needed to afford much time in diagnosing diseases caused from pathogens. Recent progress in electrochemical studies shows that biosensors are very simple, accurate, precise, and cheap at virus detection, for which researchers find great interest in this field. The clinical levels of these pathogens can be easily analyzed with proposed biosensors. Their working principle is based on affinity between antibody and antigen in body fluids. The progress still continues on these biosensors for accurate, rapid, reliable sensors in future.
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Peng X, Luo G, Wu Z, Wen W, Zhang X, Wang S. Fluorescent-Magnetic-Catalytic Nanospheres for Dual-Modality Detection of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41148-41156. [PMID: 31613583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of H9N2 avian influenza virus (H9N2 AIV) brings high mortality and huge economic losses every year. Sensitive and reliable detection methods are essential to timely diagnosis and treatment. Herein, a dual-modality immunoassay is proposed for H9N2 AIV detection by employing fluorescent-magnetic-catalytic nanospheres (FMCNs) as labels and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-induced metallization as a signal amplification strategy. The excellent magnetic properties of FMCNs endow the assay a potential application in complex samples. Also, the excellent fluorescence properties of FMCNs enable fluorescence modality readout. The antibodies on the FMCN surface can achieve efficient capture and separation of targets. Amplified electrochemical modality readout can be obtained through ALP-catalyzed silver deposition. Dual-modality immunoassay combined the advantages of electrochemical assay with fluorescence assay and provides accurate detection results to meet different testing needs. With two quantitative analysis forms, H9N2 AIV can be detected by electrochemical signals with a quantitation range of 0.1 to 1000 ng/mL and a detection limit of 10 pg/mL. The linear range is 300 to 1000 ng/mL with a detection limit of 69.8 ng/mL by the fluorescence signal readout. Moreover, the specificity, anti-interference ability, accuracy, and diversity of the proposal have unlimited potential for early diagnosis of suspect infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolun Peng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , PR China
| | - Guan Luo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , PR China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , PR China
| | - Wei Wen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , PR China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , PR China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , PR China
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Xiao G, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Dual-mode detection of avian influenza virions (H9N2) by ICP-MS and fluorescence after quantum dot labeling with immuno-rolling circle amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1096:18-25. [PMID: 31883585 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza virus (AIVs), hosted in poultry, are the pathogens of many poultry diseases and human infections, which bring huge losses to the poultry breeding industry and huge panic to society. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish accurate and sensitive detection methods for AIVs. In this work, a dual-mode detection method based on immuno-rolling circle amplification (immuno-RCA) and quantum dots (QDs) labeling for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and fluorescence detection of H9N2 AIV was developed. The dual-mode detection of the QDs by ICP-MS and fluorescence is used to achieve mutual verification within the analysis results, thus improving the accuracy of the method. With the immuno-RCA, the sensitivity of the method was increased by two orders of magnitude. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 17 ng L-1 and 61 ng L-1, and the linear range of the proposed method is 0.05-5 ng mL-1 and 0.1-5 ng mL-1 with ICP-MS and fluorescence detection, respectively. The relative standard deviation (n = 7) is 4.9% with ICP-MS detection and 3.1% with fluorescence detection. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the analysis of chicken serum samples, no significant different was found for two modes detection and the recoveries of the spiking experiments are acceptable, indicating that the method has good practical potential for real sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Kumar N, Bhatia S, Pateriya AK, Sood R, Nagarajan S, Murugkar HV, Kumar S, Singh P, Singh VP. Label-free peptide nucleic acid biosensor for visual detection of multiple strains of influenza A virus suitable for field applications. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1093:123-130. [PMID: 31735205 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Influenza A viruses (IAVs) is challenging because of multiple strains circulating in humans and animal populations, and the emergence of new strains. In this study, we demonstrate a simple and rapid strategy for visual detection of multiple strains of IAVs (H1 to H16 subtypes) using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) as a biosensor and unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a reporter. The design principle of the assay is based on the color change on account of free PNA-induced aggregation of AuNPs in the presence of non-complementary viral RNA sequence and vice-versa. The assay could detect IAV RNA with a visual limit of detection of 2.3 ng. The quantification of RNA with a considerable accuracy on a simple spectrophotometer was achieved on plotting the PNA-induced colorimetric changes (absorption ratio of A640/A520) in the presence of a varying concentration of complementary RNA. As a proof-of-concept, the visual assay was validated on 419 avian clinical samples and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed a high diagnostic specificity (96.46%, 95% CI = 93.8 to 98.2) and sensitivity (82.41%, 95% CI = 73.9 to 89.1) when RT-qPCR was used as reference test. Hence, the simplicity, rapidity, and universality of this strategy make it a potential candidate visual assay for clinical diagnosis and surveillance of IAVs, especially in the resource-limited settings. The proposed strategy establishes new avenues for developing a simple and rapid diagnostic system for viral infections and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Diagnostics & Vaccines Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India.
| | - Sandeep Bhatia
- Diagnostics & Vaccines Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India
| | - Atul Kumar Pateriya
- Diagnostics & Vaccines Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India
| | - Richa Sood
- Diagnostics & Vaccines Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India
| | - S Nagarajan
- Avian Diseases Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India
| | - Harshad V Murugkar
- Avian Diseases Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Central Instrumentation Facility- Bioengineering, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India
| | - Praveen Singh
- Central Instrumentation Facility- Bioengineering, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India; Biophysics and Electron Microscopy Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, India
| | - Vijendra Pal Singh
- Diagnostics & Vaccines Section, ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, 462022, India
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Casein-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Amperometric Detection of Leishmania infantum. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 9:bios9020068. [PMID: 31137793 PMCID: PMC6627895 DOI: 10.3390/bios9020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and reliable approaches targeting the detection of Leishmania are critical for effective early diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis. In this frame, this paper describes a rapid quantification assay to detect Leishmania parasites based on the combination of the electrocatalytic ability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to act as a catalyst for the hydrogen formation reaction along with the specificity of the interaction between casein and the major surface protease of the Leishmania parasite, GP63. First, pure and casein-modified AuNPs were prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Then, casein-conjugated AuNPs were incubated with Leishsmania parasites in solution; the formed complex was collected by centrifugation, treated by acidic solution, and the pelleted AuNPs were placed on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) and chronoamperometric measurements were carried out. Our results suggest that it is possible to detect Leishmania parasites, with a limit less than 1 parasite/mL. A linear response over a wide concentration interval, ranging from 2 × 10-2 to 2 × 105 parasites/mL, was achieved. Additionally, a pretreatment of Leishmania parasites with Amphotericin B, diminished their interaction with casein. This findings and methodology are very useful for drug efficacy assessment.
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Saylan Y, Erdem Ö, Ünal S, Denizli A. An Alternative Medical Diagnosis Method: Biosensors for Virus Detection. BIOSENSORS 2019; 9:E65. [PMID: 31117262 PMCID: PMC6627152 DOI: 10.3390/bios9020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases still pose an omnipresent threat to global and public health, especially in many countries and rural areas of cities. Underlying reasons of such serious maladies can be summarized as the paucity of appropriate analysis methods and subsequent treatment strategies due to the limited access of centralized and equipped health care facilities for diagnosis. Biosensors hold great impact to turn our current analytical methods into diagnostic strategies by restructuring their sensing module for the detection of biomolecules, especially nano-sized objects such as protein biomarkers and viruses. Unquestionably, current sensing platforms require continuous updates to address growing challenges in the diagnosis of viruses as viruses change quickly and spread largely from person-to-person, indicating the urgency of early diagnosis. Some of the challenges can be classified in biological barriers (specificity, low number of targets, and biological matrices) and technological limitations (detection limit, linear dynamic range, stability, and reliability), as well as economical aspects that limit their implementation into resource-scarce settings. In this review, the principle and types of biosensors and their applications in the diagnosis of distinct infectious diseases were comprehensively explained. The deployment of current biosensors into resource-scarce settings is further discussed for virus detection by elaborating the pros and cons of existing methods as a conclusion and future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Özgecan Erdem
- Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Serhat Ünal
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey.
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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Pastucha M, Farka Z, Lacina K, Mikušová Z, Skládal P. Magnetic nanoparticles for smart electrochemical immunoassays: a review on recent developments. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:312. [PMID: 31037494 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review (with 129 refs) summarizes the progress in electrochemical immunoassays combined with magnetic particles that was made in the past 5 years. The specifity of antibodies linked to electrochemical transduction (by amperometry, voltammetry, impedimetry or electrochemiluminescence) gains further attractive features by introducing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This enables fairly easy preconcentration of analytes, minimizes matrix effects, and introduces an appropriate label. Following an introduction into the fundamentals of electrochemical immunoassays and on nanomaterials for respective uses, a large chapter addresses method for magnetic capture and preconcentration of analytes. A next chapter discusses commonly used labels such as dots, enzymes, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and combined clusters. The large field of hybrid nanomaterials for use in such immunoassays is discussed next, with a focus on MNPs composites with various kinds of graphene variants, polydopamine, noble metal nanoparticles or nanotubes. Typical applications address clinical markers (mainly blood and urine parameters), diagnosis of cancer (markers and cells), detection of pathogens (with subsections on viruses and bacteria), and environmental and food contaminants as toxic agents and pesticides. A concluding section summarizes the present status, current challenges, and highlights future trends. Graphical abstract Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) with antibodies (Ab) capture and preconcentrate analyte from sample (a) and afterwards become magnetically (b) or immunospecifically (c) bound at an electrode. Signal either increases due to the presence of alabel (b) or decreases as the redox probe is blocked (c).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matěj Pastucha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lacina
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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