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Fathy WA, Al-Qahtani WH, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Shaban AM, Khanghahi MY, Elsayed KNM. Assessing thallium phycoremediation by applying Anabaena laxa and Nostoc muscorum and exploring its effect on cellular growth, antioxidant, and metabolic profile. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39028288 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2370022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl), a key element in high-tech industries, is recognized as a priority pollutant by the US EPA and EC. Tl accumulation threatens aquatic ecosystems. Despite its toxicity, little is known about its impact on cyanobacteria. This study explores the biochemical mechanisms of Tl(I) toxicity in cyanobacteria, focusing on physiology, metabolism, oxidative damage, and antioxidant responses. To this end, Anabaena and Nostoc were exposed to 400 µg/L, and 800 µg/L of Tl(I) over seven days. Anabaena showed superior Tl(I) accumulation with 7.8% removal at 400 µg/L and 9.5% at 800 µg/L, while Nostoc removed 2.2% and 7.4%, respectively. Tl(I) exposure significantly reduced the photosynthesis rate and function, more than in Nostoc. It also altered primary metabolism, increasing sugar levels and led to higher amino and fatty acids levels. While Tl(I) induced cellular damage in both species, Anabaena was less affected. Both species enhanced their antioxidant defense systems, with Anabaena showing a 175.6% increase in SOD levels under a high Tl(I) dose. This suggests that Anabaena's robust biosorption and antioxidant systems could be effective for Tl(I) removal. The study improves our understanding of Tl(I) toxicity, tolerance, and phycoremediation in cyanobacteria, aiding future bioremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A Fathy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and Microbiology department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira M Shaban
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Y Khanghahi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Khaled N M Elsayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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2
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Han M, Zhang C, Ho SH. Immobilized microalgal system: An achievable idea for upgrading current microalgal wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:100227. [PMID: 36560958 PMCID: PMC9763361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient wastewater treatment accompanied by sustainable "nutrients/pollutants waste-wastewater-resources/energy nexus" management is acting as a prominent and urgent global issue since severe pollution has occurred increasingly. Diverting wastes from wastewater into the value-added microalgal-biomass stream is a promising goal using biological wastewater treatment technologies. This review proposed an idea of upgrading the current microalgal wastewater treatment by using immobilized microalgal system. Firstly, a systematic analysis of microalgal immobilization technology is displayed through an in-depth discussion on why using immobilized microalgae for wastewater treatment. Subsequently, the main technical approaches employed for microalgal immobilization and pollutant removal mechanisms by immobilized microalgae are summarized. Furthermore, from high-tech technologies to promote large-scale production and application potentials in diverse wastewater and bioreactors to downstream applications lead upgradation closer, the feasibility of upgrading existing microalgal wastewater treatment into immobilized microalgal systems is thoroughly discussed. Eventually, several research directions are proposed toward the future immobilized microalgal system for microalgal wastewater treatment upgrading. Together, it appears that using immobilization for further upgrading the microalgae-based wastewater treatment can be recognized as an achievable alternative to make microalgal wastewater treatment more realistic. The information and perspectives provided in this review also offer a feasible reference for upgrading conventional microalgae-based wastewater treatment.
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3
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Bhatt A, Dada AC, Prajapati SK, Arora P. Integrating life cycle assessment with quantitative microbial risk assessment for a holistic evaluation of sewage treatment plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160842. [PMID: 36509266 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
An integrated approach was employed in the present study to combine life cycle assessment (LCA) with quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to assess an existing sewage treatment plant (STP) at Roorkee, India. The midpoint LCA modeling revealed that high electricity consumption (≈ 576 kWh.day-1) contributed to the maximum environmental burdens. The LCA endpoint result of 0.01 disability-adjusted life years per person per year (DALYs pppy) was obtained in terms of the impacts on human health. Further, a QMRA model was developed based on representative sewage pathogens, including E. coli O157:H7, Giardia sp., adenovirus, norovirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The public health risk associated with intake of pathogen-laden aerosols during treated water reuse in sprinkler irrigation was determined. A cumulative health risk of 0.07 DALYs pppy was obtained, where QMRA risks contributed 86 % of the total health impacts. The annual probability of illness per person was highest for adenovirus and norovirus, followed by SARS-CoV-2, E. coli O157:H7 and Giardia sp. Overall, the study provides a methodological framework for an integrated LCA-QMRA assessment which can be applied across any treatment process to identify the hotspots contributing maximum environmental burdens and microbial health risks. Furthermore, the integrated LCA-QMRA approach could support stakeholders in the water industry to select the most suitable wastewater treatment system and establish regulations regarding the safe reuse of treated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bhatt
- Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pratham Arora
- Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
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4
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Singh A, Rana MS, Tiwari H, Kumar M, Saxena S, Anand V, Prajapati SK. Anaerobic digestion as a tool to manage eutrophication and associated greenhouse gas emission. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160722. [PMID: 36493813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophicated inland water bodies are noticed to be one of the contributing factors to greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. Direct discharge of untreated or partially treated water is a major concern. Microalgae-based technology and management are regarded as one of the potential nature-based approaches to combat eutrophication. In turn, the microalgae facilitate the recovery of GHGs contributing compounds in the form of organic biomass. The recovered algal biomass can be harnessed for the production of biofuels and other bio-products, like biofertilizer, using anaerobic digestion. By virtue, circular bio-economy can be achieved alongside mitigating GHGs emissions. Before implementing, it is vital to thoroughly explore the links between the process and potential alternatives for wastewater treatment, waste valorization, biofuel production, and land usage. Thus, the present review discusses the impact of eutrophication on ecology and environment, current technologies for mitigating eutrophication and GHGs, and energy recovery through the anaerobic digestion of algal biomass. Further, the processes at the intercept of wastewater treatment and biogas production were reviewed to leverage the potential of anaerobic digestion for making a circular bioeconomy framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singh
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Mohit Singh Rana
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Harshit Tiwari
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Sarthak Saxena
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Vishal Anand
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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5
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Ghaffar I, Deepanraj B, Sundar LS, Vo DVN, Saikumar A, Hussain A. A review on the sustainable procurement of microalgal biomass from wastewaters for the production of biofuels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137094. [PMID: 36334745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of microalgal biomass as one of the most promising and renewable sources for the production of biofuels is being studied extensively. Microalgal biomass can be cultivated under photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, photoheterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivation conditions. Photoautotrophic cultivation is the most common way of microalgal biomass production. Under mixotrophic cultivation, microalgae can utilize both organic carbon and CO2 simultaneously. Mixotrophic cultivation depicts higher biomass productivity as compared to photoautotrophic cultivation. It is evident from the literature that mixotrophic cultivation yields higher quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids as compared to that photoautotrophic cultivation. In this context, for economical biomass production, the organic carbon of industrial wastewaters can be valorized for the mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae. Following the way, contaminants' load of wastewaters can be reduced while concomitantly producing highly productive microalgal biomass. This review focuses on different aspects covering the sustainable cultivation of different microalgal species in different types of wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imania Ghaffar
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Balakrishnan Deepanraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lingala Syam Sundar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Algam Saikumar
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ali Hussain
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
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6
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Dong Z, Bai X, Xu D, Li W. Machine learning prediction of pyrolytic products of lignocellulosic biomass based on physicochemical characteristics and pyrolysis conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128182. [PMID: 36307026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study predicts pyrolytic product yields via machine learning algorithms from biomass physicochemical characteristics and pyrolysis conditions. Random forest (RF), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Adaptive Boost (Adaboost) algorithms are comparatively analyzed. Among these algorithms, the RF algorithm is the best modeling algorithm and performs best in predicting the bio-oil yield and performs well in predicting biochar and pyrolytic gas yields. The moisture content, carbon content, and final heating temperature are the most important factors in predicting pyrolysis product yields, and biomass characteristics are more important than pyrolysis conditions. Furthermore, the carbon content positively affects the bio-oil yield and negatively affects the biochar yield, and the final temperature positively affects the pyrolytic gas yield and negatively affects the biochar yield. This work provides new insight for controlling the yields of pyrolytic products via the RF algorithm, which can facilitate the process optimization in engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Dong
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaopeng Bai
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Lab of State Forestry Administration on Forestry Equipment and Automation, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Daochun Xu
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Lab of State Forestry Administration on Forestry Equipment and Automation, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Lab of State Forestry Administration on Forestry Equipment and Automation, Beijing 100083, China
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7
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Usman M, Shi Z, Dutta N, Ashraf MA, Ishfaq B, El-Din MG. Current challenges of hydrothermal treated wastewater (HTWW) for environmental applications and their perspectives: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113532. [PMID: 35618004 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal treatment (HT) is an emerged thermochemical approach for the utilization of biomass. In the last decade, intense research has been conducted on bio-oil and hydrochar, during which extensive amount of hydrothermal treated wastewater (HTWW) is produced, containing large amount of organic compounds along with several toxic chemicals. The composition of HTWW is highly dependent on the process conditions and organic composition of biomass, which determines its further utilization. The current study provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in HTWW utilization and its properties which can be changed by varying different parameters like temperature, residence time, solid concentration, mass ratio and catalyst including types of biomasses. HTWW characterization, parameters, reaction mechanism and its application were also summarized. By considering the challenges of HTWW, some suggestions and proposed methodology to overcome the bottleneck are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada; Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, Tri-Cities, Richland, WA, 99354, United States; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Zhijian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Nalok Dutta
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, Tri-Cities, Richland, WA, 99354, United States
| | - Muhammad Awais Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Bushra Ishfaq
- Food Technology Section, Post-harvest Research Center, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada.
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8
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Kube M, Fan L, Roddick F, Whitton R, Pidou M, Jefferson B. High rate algal systems for treating wastewater: A comparison. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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9
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10
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Malik S, Kishore S, Prasad S, Shah MP. A comprehensive review on emerging trends in industrial wastewater research. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:296-309. [PMID: 35132661 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization is one of the intricate factors that is linked to the depletion of water resources and increased generation of wastewater. Due to various obstructions and impediments, such as ineffective treatment solutions, exorbitant prices, lack of basic amenities, insufficient financial assistance, and technical expertise, sustainable treatment of industrial effluents has become an onerous process in most parts of the world. The majority of current treatment solutions are conventional and outdated, and thus fall short to remove all the contaminants efficiently from the industrial wastewater. Moreover, poorly treated or untreated industrial effluents are indiscriminately dumped into water bodies such as lakes, ponds, and rivers, causing substantial health hazards to humans and animals and serious threats to the aquatic ecosystem. Thus, there is a need for highly efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable technologies for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Employment of microbial technologies such as microbial fuel cells and microalgal technologies, treatment of wastewater can be coupled with the production of bioelectricity and valuable biomass, respectively. Moreover, with nanofiltration and biochar technologies, the efficiency of the overall treatment procedure can be increased to a greater extent. The present review aims to highlight opportunities and challenges associated with some of the emerging trends in industrial wastewater research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shristi Kishore
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shilpa Prasad
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Maulin P Shah
- Environmental Technology Lab, Bharuch, Gujarat, India
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11
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Bilal M, Munir H, Khan MI, Khurshid M, Rasheed T, Rizwan K, Franco M, Iqbal HMN. Gums-based engineered bio-nanostructures for greening the 21st-century biotechnological settings. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 62:3913-3929. [PMID: 33427482 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1871318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring plant-based gums and their engineered bio-nanostructures have gained an immense essence of excellence in several industrial, biotechnological, and biomedical sectors of the modern world. Gums derived from bio-renewable resources that follow green chemistry principles are considered green macromolecules with unique structural and functional attributes. For instance, gum mostly obtained as exudates are bio-renewable, bio-degradable, bio-compatible, sustainable, overall cost-effective, and nontoxic. Gum exudates also offer tunable attributes that play a crucial role in engineering bio-nanostructures of interest for several bio- and non-bio applications, e.g., food-related items, therapeutic molecules, sustained and controlled delivery cues, bio-sensing constructs, and so on. With particular reference to plant gum exudates, this review focuses on applied perspectives of various gums, i.e., gum Arabic, gum albizzia, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, and gum kondagogu. After a brief introduction with problem statement and opportunities, structural and physicochemical attributes of plant-based natural gums are presented. Following that, considerable stress is given to green synthesis and stabilization of gum-based bio-nanostructures. The final part of the review focuses on the bio- and non-bio related applications of various types of gums polysaccharides-oriented bio-nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Hira Munir
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Marcelo Franco
- Department of Exact and Technological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
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12
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Esakkimuthu S, Wang S, Abomohra AEF. CO2-Mediated Energy Conversion and Recycling. WASTE-TO-ENERGY 2022:379-409. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91570-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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13
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Gudiukaite R, Nadda AK, Gricajeva A, Shanmugam S, Nguyen DD, Lam SS. Bioprocesses for the recovery of bioenergy and value-added products from wastewater: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113831. [PMID: 34649321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater and activated sludge present a major challenge worldwide. Wastewater generated from large and small-scale industries, laundries, human residential areas and other sources is emerging as a main problem in sanitation and maintenance of smart/green cities. During the last decade, different technologies and processes have been developed to recycle and purify the wastewater. Currently, identification and fundamental consideration of development of more advanced microbial-based technologies that enable wastewater treatment and simultaneous resource recovery to produce bioenergy, biofuels and other value-added compounds (organic acids, fatty acids, bioplastics, bio-pesticides, bio-surfactants and bio-flocculants etc.) became an emerging topic. In the last several decades, significant development of bioprocesses and techniques for the extraction and recovery of mentioned valuable molecules and compounds from wastewater, waste biomass or sludge has been made. This review presents different microbial-based process routes related to resource recovery and wastewater application for the production of value-added products and bioenergy. Current process limitations and insights for future research to promote more efficient and sustainable routes for this under-utilized and continually growing waste stream are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Gudiukaite
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis Avenue 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, 173 234, India.
| | - Alisa Gricajeva
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis Avenue 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 442-760, South Korea
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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14
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Sunoj S, Hammed A, Igathinathane C, Eshkabilov S, Simsek H. Identification, quantification, and growth profiling of eight different microalgae species using image analysis. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Tang Q, Chen Y, Yang H, Liu M, Xiao H, Wang S, Chen H, Raza Naqvi S. Machine learning prediction of pyrolytic gas yield and compositions with feature reduction methods: Effects of pyrolysis conditions and biomass characteristics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125581. [PMID: 34298251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to utilize machine learning algorithems combined with feature reduction for predicting pyrolytic gas yield and compositions based on pyrolysis conditions and biomass characteristics. To this end, random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) was introduced and compared. The results suggested that six features were adequate to accurately forecast (R2 > 0.85, RMSE < 5.7%) the yield while the compositions only required three. Moreover, the profound information behind the models was extracted. The relative contribution of pyrolysis conditions was higher than that of biomass characteristics for yield (55%), CO2 (73%), and H2 (81%), which was inverse for CO (12%) and CH4 (38%). Furthermore, partial dependence analysis quantified the effects of both reduced features and their interactions exerted on pyrolysis process. This study provided references for pyrolytic gas production and upgrading in a more convenient manner with fewer features and extended the knowledge into the biomass pyrolysis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yingquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haoyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Hanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Salman Raza Naqvi
- School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Song Y, Wang X, Cui H, Ji C, Xue J, Jia X, Ma R, Li R. Enhancing growth and oil accumulation of a palmitoleic acid-rich Scenedesmus obliquus in mixotrophic cultivation with acetate and its potential for ammonium-containing wastewater purification and biodiesel production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113273. [PMID: 34311253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A palmitoleic acid-rich Scenedesmus obliquus strain SXND-02 was isolated from ammonium-containing wastewater. Biomass and lipid production were examined for this microalgal strain in photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivations, respectively, in order to extend its application in wastewater purification coupled with production of valued bio-products. Among the tested conditions, the microalga had better growth and higher lipid accumulation in mixotrophy. NH4Cl inhibited the microalgal growth in photoautotrophic cultivation. However, NaAc alleviated this inhibition in both heterotrophy and mixotrophy. Using 7 g L-1 NaAc and 0.5 g L-1 NH4Cl as carbon and nitrogen sources significantly increased the algal biomass and lipid yields under mixotrophic cultivation, with the highest levels up to 1.0 g L-1 and 59.88%, respectively. Fatty acid profiling indicated that palmitoleic acid was 23% in the S. obliquus SXND-02 under mixotrophic condition, which was about 21-fold higher than that in the control S. obliquus. Furthermore, this microalgal strain was tested in the chicken farm wastewater (CFW) containing high ammonium. Compared with other treatments, the S. obliquus SXND-02 cultivated in the 1/2 CFW + NaAc medium produced larger amounts of biomass (2.18 g L-1) and lipids (50.22%), and simultaneously higher removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) (80%), total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) (68%), total phosphate (TP) (82%), biological oxygen demand (BOD) (86%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (89%) from wastewater. The present data indicate that this excellent microalga can be used in mixotrophic cultivation for wastewater purification coupled with commercial production of valued biomass and high-quality algal oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Song
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Hongli Cui
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Chunli Ji
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jinai Xue
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jia
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Ruiyan Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
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17
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Immobilized Microalgae-Based Photobioreactor for CO2 Capture (IMC-CO2PBR): Efficiency Estimation, Technological Parameters, and Prototype Concept. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12081031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae-mediated CO2 sequestration has been a subject of numerous research works and has become one of the most promising strategies to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. However, feeding flue and exhaust gas into algae-based systems has been shown to destroy chloroplasts, as well as disrupt photosynthesis and other metabolic processes in microalgae, which directly limits CO2 uptake. CO2 biosequestration in existing photobioreactors (PBRs) is also limited by the low biomass concentration in the growth medium. Therefore, there is a real need to seek alternative solutions that would be competitive in terms of performance and cost-effectiveness. The present paper reports the results of experiments aimed to develop an innovative trickle bed reactor that uses immobilized algae to capture CO2 from flue and exhaust gas (IMC-CO2PBR). In the experiment, ambient air enriched with technical-grade CO2 to a CO2 concentration of 25% v/v was used. The microalgae immobilization technology employed in the experiment produced biomass yields approximating 100 g DM/dm3. A relationship was found between CO2 removal rates and gas volume flux: almost 40% of CO2 was removed at a feed of 25 dm3 of gas per hour, whereas in the 200 dm3/h group, the removal efficiency amounted to 5.9%. The work includes a determination of basic process parameters, presentation of a developed functional model and optimized lighting system, proposals for components to be used in the system, and recommendations for an automation and control system for a full-scale implementation.
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18
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Microalgal Production of Biofuels Integrated with Wastewater Treatment. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13168797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Human civilization will need to reduce its impacts on air and water quality and reduce its use of fossil fuels in order to advance towards a more sustainable future. Using microalgae to treat wastewater as well as simultaneously produce biofuels is one of the approaches for a sustainable future. The manufacture of biofuels from microalgae is one of the next-generation biofuel solutions that has recently received a lot of interest, as it can remove nutrients from the wastewater whilst capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The resulting biomass are employed to generate biofuels, which can run fuel cell vehicles of zero emission, power combustion engines and power plants. By cultivating microalgae in wastewater, eutrophication can be prevented, thereby enhancing the quality of the effluent. Thus, by combining wastewater treatment and biofuel production, the cost of the biofuels, as well as the environmental hazards, can be minimized, as there is a supply of free and already available nutrients and water. In this article, the steps involved to generate the various biofuels through microalgae are detailed.
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19
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Liyanaarachchi VC, Premaratne M, Ariyadasa TU, Nimarshana P, Malik A. Two-stage cultivation of microalgae for production of high-value compounds and biofuels: A review. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Sanmartín P, Miller AZ, Prieto B, Viles HA. Revisiting and reanalysing the concept of bioreceptivity 25 years on. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145314. [PMID: 33736404 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
2020 marks 25 years since Olivier Guillitte defined the term 'bioreceptivity', to describe the ability of a building material to be colonised by living organisms. Although Guillitte noted in his 1995 paper that several issues required further investigation, to the best of our knowledge the bioreceptivity concept has not been restated, reviewed, reanalysed or updated since then. The present paper provides an opinionated exposition of the status and utility of the bioreceptivity concept for built heritage science and conservation in the light of current knowledge, aimed to stimulate further discussion. A bibliometric analysis highlights the key dimensions of the past 25 years of published research, showing that the term bioreceptivity has been widely used in the field of built cultural heritage. In our reanalysis of the concept, special attention is devoted to the six types of bioreceptivity (primary, secondary, tertiary, intrinsic, extrinsic and semi-extrinsic) articulated by Guillitte in 1995. We propose that field-based studies of bioreceptivity are urgently needed, and that the intrinsic, extrinsic and semi-extrinsic types of bioreceptivity should be dropped, and a new category (quaternary bioreceptivity) added. Additionally, we propose that bioreceptivity in submerged and subsoil environments should also be considered. Bioreceptivity remains an important concept for managing both new build and built heritage, as it provides the key to understanding the drivers and patterns of biological colonisation of building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sanmartín
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK; Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - A Z Miller
- Laboratório HERCULES, Universidade de Évora, Largo Marquês de Marialva 8, Évora 7000-676, Portugal; IRNAS-CSIC, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - B Prieto
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - H A Viles
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK
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21
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Das P, V P C, Mathimani T, Pugazhendhi A. A comprehensive review on the factors affecting thermochemical conversion efficiency of algal biomass to energy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 766:144213. [PMID: 33418252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Algae are one of the most viable feedstock options that can be converted into different bioenergies viz., bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, biomethane, biohydrogen, etc. owing to their renewable, sustainable and economic credibility features. Algal biomass to fuel biorefining process is generally classified into three categories as chemical, biochemical and thermochemical methods. The present article aims to provide a state-of-the-art review on the factors affecting the thermochemical conversion process of algal biomass to bioenergy. Further, reaction conditions of each techniques (torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification and hydrothermal process) influence biochar, bio-oil and syngas yield were discussed. Reaction parameters or factors such as reactor temperature, residence time, pressure, biomass load/feedstock composition, catalyst addition and carrier gas flow affecting process efficiency in terms of product yield and quality were spotlighted and extensively discussed with copious literature. It also presents the novel insights on production of solid (char), liquid (bio-oil) and gaseous (syngas) biofuel through torrefaction, pyrolysis and gasification, respectively. It is found that the energy intensive drying was more efficient mode involved in thermochemical process for wet algal biomass. However other modes of thermochemical process were having unique feature on improving the product yield and quality. Among the various factors, reaction temperature and residence time were relatively more important factors which affected the process efficiency. The other factors signposted in this review will lay a roadmap to researchers to choose an optimal thermochemical conditions for high quality end product. Lastly, the perspectives and challenges in thermochemical conversion algae biomass to biofuels were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Das
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Chandramohan V P
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India.
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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22
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Das P, V P C, Mathimani T, Pugazhendhi A. Recent advances in thermochemical methods for the conversion of algal biomass to energy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 766:144608. [PMID: 33421791 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical techniques are being operated for the complete conversion of diverse biomasses to biofuels. Among the feedstocks used for thermochemical processes, algae are the promising biomass sources owing to their advantages over other feedstocks such as biomass productivity, renewability and sustainability. Due to several advantages, algal biomass is considered as a source for third generation biofuel. This review work aims to provide a state-of-the-art on the most commonly used thermochemical methods namely torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification processes. Furthermore, the production of biofuels from algal biomass was comprehensively articulated. Different algal strains used in thermochemical techniques and their conditions of operation were compared and discussed. The yield and quality of solid (char), liquid (bio-oil) and gaseous (syngas) products obtained through thermochemical methods were reviewed and analysed to understand the efficacy of each technique. End product percentage, quality and advantages of the torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification were summarized. It is found that the biofuel produced from the torrefaction process was easy to store and deliver and had higher utilization efficiency. Among the existing thermochemical methods, the pyrolysis process was widely used for the complete conversion of algal biomass to bio-oil or char. This study also revealed that the gasification (supercritical) method was the most energy efficient process for conversion of wet algal biomass. The reactor used in the thermochemical process and its subprocess was also highlighted. This study revealed that the fixed bed reactor was suitable for small scale production whereas the fluidized bed reactor could be scaled up for industrial production. In addition to that environmental impacts of the products were also spotlighted. Finally, the perspectives and challenges of algal biomass to bioenergy conversion were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Das
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Chandramohan V P
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India.
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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23
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Karpagam R, Jawaharraj K, Gnanam R. Review on integrated biofuel production from microalgal biomass through the outset of transesterification route: a cascade approach for sustainable bioenergy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 766:144236. [PMID: 33422843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, microalgal feedstocks have gained immense potential for sustainable biofuel production. Thermochemical, biochemical conversions and transesterification processes are employed for biofuel production. Especially, the transesterification process of lipid molecules to fatty acid alkyl esters (FAAE) is being widely employed for biodiesel production. In the case of the extractive transesterification process, biodiesel is produced from the extracted microalgal oil. Whereas In-situ (reactive) transesterification allows the direct conversion of microalgae to biodiesel avoiding the sequential steps, which subsequently reduces the production cost. Though microalgae have the highest potential to be an alternate renewable feedstock, the minimization of biofuel production cost is still a challenge. The biorefinery approaches that rely on simple cascade processes involving cost-effective technologies are the need of an hour for sustainable bioenergy production using microalgae. At the same time, combining the biorefineries for both (i) high value-low volume (food and health supplements) and (ii) low value- high volume (waste remediation, bioenergy) from microalgae involves regulatory and technical problems. Waste-remediation and algal biorefinery were extensively reviewed in many previous reports. On the other hand, this review focuses on the cascade processes for efficient utilization of microalgae for integrated bioenergy production through the transesterification. Microalgal biomass remnants after the transesterification process, comprising carbohydrates as a major component (process flow A) or the carbohydrate fraction after bio-separation of pretreated microalgae (process flow B) can be utilized for bioethanol production. Therefore, this review concentrates on the cascade flow of integrated bioprocessing methods for biodiesel and bioethanol production through the transesterification and biochemical routes. The review also sheds light on the recent combinatorial approaches of transesterification of microalgae. The applicability of spent microalgal biomass residue for biogas and other applications to bring about zero-waste residue are discussed. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis (TEA), life cycle assessment (LCA) and challenges of microalgal biorefineries are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinasamy Karpagam
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (CPMB & B), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kalimuthu Jawaharraj
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota Mines, Rapid City 57701, SD, United States
| | - Ramasamy Gnanam
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (CPMB & B), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
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24
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25
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Co-digestion of municipal wastewater and microalgae biomass in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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26
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Bhatt A, Arora P, Prajapati SK. Occurrence, fates and potential treatment approaches for removal of viruses from wastewater: A review with emphasis on SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020; 8:104429. [PMID: 32895629 PMCID: PMC7467108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The world is combating the emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by novel coronavirus; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Further, due to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage and stool samples, its transmission through water routes cannot be neglected. Thus, the efficient treatment of wastewater is a matter of utmost importance. The conventional wastewater treatment processes demonstrate a wide variability in absolute removal of viruses from wastewater, thereby posing a severe threat to human health and environment. The fate of SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater treatment plants and its removal during various treatment stages remains unexplored and demands immediate attention; particularly, where treated effluent is utilised as reclaimed water. Consequently, understanding the prevalence of pathogenic viruses in untreated/treated waters and their removal techniques has become the topical issue of the scientific community. The key objective of the present study is to provide an insight into the distribution of viruses in wastewater, as well as the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, and its possible transmission by the faecal-oral route. The review also gives a detailed account of the major waterborne and non-waterborne viruses, and environmental factors governing the survival of viruses. Furthermore, a comprehensive description of the potential methods (physical, chemical, and biological) for removal of viruses from wastewater has been presented. The present study also intends to analyse the research trends in microalgae-mediated virus removal and, inactivation. The review also addresses the UN SDG 'Clean Water and Sanitation' as it is aimed at providing pathogenically safe water for recycling purposes.
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Key Words
- ASP, Activated Sludge Process
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease 2019
- DUV-LED, Deep Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diode
- E.coli, Escherichia coli
- EPS, Exopolysaccharide
- LRV, Log Reduction Value
- MBR, Membrane Bioreactor
- MERS-CoV, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
- MLSS, Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids
- Microalgaee
- PMR, Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor
- Phycoremediationn
- RH, Relative Humidity
- SARS-CoV, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
- SARS-CoV-2, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
- SBBGR, Sequencing Batch Biofilter Granular Reactor
- SEM, Scanning Electron Microscopy
- SSF, Slow Sand Filtration
- UASB, Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket
- UN SDG, United Nations Sustainable Development Goal
- UV, Ultraviolet
- WHO, World Health Organisation
- WWTP, Wastewater Treatment Plant
- Waterbornee
- dsDNA, Double stranded Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- dsRNA, Double stranded Ribonucleic acid
- ssRNA, Single stranded Ribonucleic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bhatt
- Environment and Biofuel Research Lab (EBRL), Hydro and Renewable Energy Department, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Pratham Arora
- Hydro and Renewable Energy Department, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Environment and Biofuel Research Lab (EBRL), Hydro and Renewable Energy Department, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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Garbowski T, Pietryka M, Pulikowski K, Richter D. The use of a natural substrate for immobilization of microalgae cultivated in wastewater. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7915. [PMID: 32404871 PMCID: PMC7221078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods of separation of microalgae has a significant impact in the economic aspects of their cultivation. In this study, pine bark was used as a substrate for immobilization of microalgal biomass cultivated in raw municipal sewage. The experiment was conducted in cylindrical photobioreactors (PBRs) with circulation of wastewater. Biomass was cultivated for 42 days. After that time, abundant growth of the biofilm with microalgae on the surface of pine bark as well as improvement of the quality of treated sewage were observed. The efficiency of removal of nutrients from wastewater was 64-81% for total nitrogen and 97-99% for total phosphorus. Moreover, the concentration of suspended solids in sewage was reduced, which resulted in a decrease in turbidity by more than 90%. Colorimetric analysis and Volatile Matter (VM) content in the substrate showed a decrease in the Higher Heating Value (HHV) and concentration of VM due to the proliferation of biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Garbowski
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland.
| | - Mirosława Pietryka
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Grunwaldzki Square 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pulikowski
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Grunwaldzki Square 24, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Richter
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Grunwaldzki Square 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
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28
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Patel AK, Choi YY, Sim SJ. Emerging prospects of mixotrophic microalgae: Way forward to sustainable bioprocess for environmental remediation and cost-effective biofuels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122741. [PMID: 31956058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Algal bioremediation becoming most fascinating to produce biomass as biofuels feedstock while remediating wastes, also improving carbon-footprint through carbon capturing and utilization (CCU) technology. Non-algae process however offers effective treatment but metabolic CO2 emission is major drawback towards sustainable bioprocess. Mixotrophic cultivation strategy (MCS) enables to treat organic and inorganic wastes which broadly extend microalgae application towards cleaner and sustainable bioeconomy. Latest focus of global think-tanks to encourage bioprocess holding promise of sustainability via CCU ability as important trait. Several high CO2 emitting industries forced to improve their carbon-footprints. MCS driven microalgae treatment could be best solution for those industries. This review covers recent updates on MCS applications for waste-to-value (biofuels) and environment remediation. Moreover, recommendations to fill knowledge gaps, and commercial algal biofuel could be cost-effectiveness and sustainable technology for biocircular economy if fuelled by waste streams from other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Sankaran R, Parra Cruz RA, Pakalapati H, Show PL, Ling TC, Chen WH, Tao Y. Recent advances in the pretreatment of microalgal and lignocellulosic biomass: A comprehensive review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122476. [PMID: 31810736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal and lignocellulosic biomass is the most sumptuous renewable bioresource raw material existing on earth. Recently, the bioconversion of biomass into biofuels have received significant attention replacing fossil fuels. Pretreatment of biomass is a critical process in the conversion due to the nature and structure of the biomass cell wall that is complex. Although green technologies for biofuel production are advancing, the productivity and yield from these techniques are low. Over the past years, various pretreatment techniques have been developed and successfully employed to improve the technology. This paper presents an in-depth review of the recent advancement of pretreatment methods focusing on microalgal and lignocellulosic biomass. The technological approaches involving physical, chemical, biological and other latest pretreatment methods are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Sankaran
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ricardo Andres Parra Cruz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Harshini Pakalapati
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Tau Chuan Ling
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan; Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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30
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Beyl T, Louw TM, Pott RWM. Cyanobacterial Growth in Minimally Amended Anaerobic Digestion Effluent and Flue-Gas. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7100428. [PMID: 31600960 PMCID: PMC6843200 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an important industrial process, particularly in a biorefinery approach. The liquid effluent and carbon dioxide in the off-gas, can be used to produce high-value products through the cultivation of cyanobacteria. Growth on AD effluent is often limited due to substrate limitation or inhibitory compounds. This study demonstrates the successful cultivation of Synechococcus on minimally amended AD effluent, supplemented with MgSO4 and diluted with seawater. An 8 L airlift reactor illustrated growth in a pilot scale setup. Higher biomass yields were observed for cyanobacteria grown in diluted AD effluent compared to minimal medium, with 60% total nitrogen removal in the effluent. It was demonstrated that controlling the pH, increasing dissolved salt concentrations and adding MgSO4 to the effluent allowed for the successful cultivation of the cyanobacterium, circumventing the addition of clean water for effluent dilution. This could ultimately increase the feasibility of anaerobic digestion-microalgae integrated biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Beyl
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, MATIELAND 7602, South Africa.
| | - Tobias M Louw
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, MATIELAND 7602, South Africa.
| | - Robert W M Pott
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, MATIELAND 7602, South Africa.
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Moreno Osorio JH, Pinto G, Pollio A, Frunzo L, Lens PNL, Esposito G. Start-up of a nutrient removal system using Scenedesmus vacuolatus and Chlorella vulgaris biofilms. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Zhou X, Jin W, Han SF, Li X, Gao SH, Chen C, Xie GJ, Tu R, Wang Q, Wang Q. The mutation of Scenedesmus obliquus grown in municipal wastewater by laser combined with ultraviolet. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-019-0273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bohutskyi P, Spierling RE, Phan D, Kopachevsky AM, Tang Y, Betenbaugh MJ, Bouwer EJ, Lundquist TJ. Bioenergy from wastewater resources: Nutrient removal, productivity and settleability of indigenous algal-bacteria polyculture, and effect of biomass composition variability on methane production kinetics and anaerobic digestion energy balance. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Cheng Q, Deng F, Li H, Qin Z, Wang M, Li J. Nutrients removal from the secondary effluents of municipal domestic wastewater by Oscillatoria tenuis and subsequent co-digestion with pig manure. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:3127-3134. [PMID: 28859537 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1375020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the performance of Oscillatoria tenuis to remove nitrogen, phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from secondary effluents of municipal domestic wastewater. Meanwhile the potential of biogas production by collected O. tenuis co-digested with pig manure was also investigated. O. tenuis had a biomass productivity of 150 mg L-1 d-1, a removal rate of [Formula: see text] (96.1%), total phosphorus (82.9%) and COD (92.6%) within 7 d at an aeration rate of 1.0 L/min. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test for O. tenuis fermented with pig manure was evaluated at three different ratios. The cumulative methane yield was 183 mL CH4/gVSadd at a mixing ratio (MR) of 3.0, 191 mL CH4/gVSadd at a MR of 2.0 and 84 mL CH4/gVSadd at a MR of 1.0. The maximum methane yield appeared at the ratio of 2.0. Meanwhile, acid-, alkali- and thermal-pretreatments were applied to raw microalgae biomass to promote biogas production. The highest methane productivity (256 mL CH4/gVSadd) was achieved by the thermal-pretreatment at 120°C, which was about 1.5 times higher than the non-pretreatment group (191 mL CH4/g VSadd).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunpeng Cheng
- a School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Polytechnic University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Deng
- b School of Environmental Science and Engineering , HuaZhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Li
- a School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Polytechnic University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - ZhenHua Qin
- a School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Polytechnic University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- a School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Polytechnic University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfen Li
- a School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Wuhan Polytechnic University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
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Thawani M, Hans N, Samuchiwal S, Prajapati SK. Improved methane yield from wastewater grown algal biomass. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:81-91. [PMID: 30101791 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Methane production from the algal biomass cultivated in a laboratory scale continuous photobioreactor (PBR) using sewage was evaluated in the present work. During the preliminary experiments, algal biomass reached up to 1.69 ± 0.35 g L-1 in 12 days' growth period. Besides, 65 to 100% removal in concentrations of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) was also recorded. The sCOD removal in the reactor was 100%, whereas removal of TDP, NO3-N and TAN were up to 75, 40 and 92%, respectively. Upon anaerobic digestion, the fresh algal biomass showed methane yield of 180 mL g-1 VSfed. Further, algal biomass was stored under natural conditions in open containers (aerobic conditions) in darkness at room temperature (27-30 °C) for 72 h. Interestingly, >48% COD solubilization from algal biomass was observed during storage. Pretreatment through natural storage was further confirmed with qualitative observations including scanning electron and fluorescence microscopic analysis. Moreover, higher methane yield (284.38 mL g-1 VSfed) was observed from the samples stored for 60 h. Thus, natural storage for a designated period may be recommended as a prerequisite stage in the process of methane production from wastewater-grown algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Thawani
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi 110078, India E-mail: ;
| | - Nidhi Hans
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi 110078, India E-mail: ;
| | - Saurabh Samuchiwal
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi 110078, India E-mail: ;
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Sector 3, Dwarka, New Delhi 110078, India E-mail: ; ; BioResource Engineering Lab, Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, 06/113, Bihta, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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Kube M, Jefferson B, Fan L, Roddick F. The impact of wastewater characteristics, algal species selection and immobilisation on simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Vu CHT, Lee HG, Chang YK, Oh HM. Axenic cultures for microalgal biotechnology: Establishment, assessment, maintenance, and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:380-396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Assemany P, Marques IDP, Calijuri ML, Lopes da Silva T, Reis A. Energetic valorization of algal biomass in a hybrid anaerobic reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 209:308-315. [PMID: 29306840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the operation of a hybrid anaerobic reactor fed with algal biomass cultivated in effluent from the brewery industry. Three stages of operation were distinguished during the 72 days of semi-continuous functioning of the reactor: Stage 1 (S1), in which algal biomass was used as substrate; Stage 2 (S2), in which 10% (v/v) of the algal biomass was substituted by olive mill wastewater (OMW); and Stage 3 (S3), in which algal biomass was heat pre-treated. During S1, a loss of solids was observed, with an increment of organic matter in the outlet. The substitution of 10% of the volume of algal biomass by OMW tripled the methane productivity obtained in the previous stage by digestion of pure algal biomass. Heat pre-treatment was not efficient in rupturing the cell wall, and consequently did not have any effect on the increase in biogas production. The complementarity of substrates in the assessed conditions led to better results than the pre-treatment of the algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Assemany
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
| | - Isabel de Paula Marques
- LNEG, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology/Bioenergy Unit, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Lúcia Calijuri
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa/Civil Department, Avenida PH Rolfs s/n, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Teresa Lopes da Silva
- LNEG, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology/Bioenergy Unit, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alberto Reis
- LNEG, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology/Bioenergy Unit, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal
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40
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Chen Z, Zheng W, Yang L, Boughner LA, Tian Y, Zheng T, Xu H. Lytic and Chemotactic Features of the Plaque-Forming Bacterium KD531 on Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2581. [PMID: 29312256 PMCID: PMC5742596 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a dominant bloom forming species and potential biofuel feedstock. To control P. tricornutum bloom or to release lipids from P. tricornutum, we previously screened and identified the lytic bacterium Labrenzia sp. KD531 toward P. tricornutum. In the present study, we evaluated the lytic activity of Labrenzia sp. KD531 on microalgae and investigated its lytic mechanism. The results indicated that the lytic activity of KD531 was temperature- and pH-dependent, but light-independent. In addition to P. tricornutum, KD531 also showed lytic activity against other algal species, especially green algae. A quantitative analysis of algal cellular protein, carbohydrate and lipid content together with measurements of dry weight after exposure to bacteria-infected algal lysate indicated that the bacterium KD531 influenced the algal biomass by disrupting the algal cells. Both chemotactic analysis and microscopic observations of subsamples from different regions of formed plaques showed that KD531 could move toward and then directly contact algal cells. Direct contact between P. tricornutum and KD531 cells was essential for the lytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangran Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Wei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Luxi Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lisa A Boughner
- Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Yun Tian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem, School of Life Sciences, and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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41
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Nuchdang S, Frigon JC, Roy C, Pilon G, Phalakornkule C, Guiot SR. Hydrothermal post-treatment of digestate to maximize the methane yield from the anaerobic digestion of microalgae. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:683-688. [PMID: 28655465 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative to applying the hydrothermal treatment to the raw algal feedstock before the anaerobic digestion (i.e. pre-treatment), one considered a post-treatment scenario where anaerobic digestion is directly used as the primary treatment while the hydrothermal treatment is thereafter applied to the digestate. Hydrothermal treatments such as wet oxidation (WetOx) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) were compared at a temperature of 200°C, for initial pressure of 0.1 and 0.82MPa, and no holding time after the process had reached the temperature setpoint. Both WetOx and HTC resulted in a substantial solids conversion (47-62% with HTC, 64-83% with WetOx, both at 0.82MPa) into soluble products, while some total chemical oxygen demand-based carbon loss from the solid-liquid phases was observed (20-39%). This generated high soluble products concentrations (from 6.2 to 10.9g soluble chemical oxygen demand/L). Biomethane potential tests showed that these hydrothermal treatments allowed for a 4-fold improvement of the digestate anaerobic biodegradability. The hydrothermal treatments increased the methane yield to about 200 LSTP CH4/kg volatile solids, when related to the untreated digestate, compared to 66 LSTP CH4/kg volatile solids, without treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nuchdang
- The Research and Technology Center for Renewable Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - J-C Frigon
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Roy
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - G Pilon
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada
| | - C Phalakornkule
- The Research and Technology Center for Renewable Products and Energy, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S R Guiot
- Anaerobic technologies and bioprocess control Group, Energy, Mining and Environment Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Canada.
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43
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Xaaldi Kalhor A, Movafeghi A, Mohammadi-Nassab AD, Abedi E, Bahrami A. Potential of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris for biodegradation of crude oil hydrocarbons. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 123:286-290. [PMID: 28844453 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Oil production and/or transportation can cause severe environmental pollution and disrupt the populations of living organisms. In the present study, biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons is investigated using Chlorella vulgaris as a green algal species. The microalga was treated by 10 and 20g/l crude oil/water concentrations at two experimental durations (7 and 14days). Based on the results obtained, C. vulgaris owned not only considerable resistance against the pollutants but also high ability in remediation of crude oil hydrocarbons (~94% of the light and ~88% of heavy compounds in 14days). Intriguingly, dry weight of C. vulgaris increased by the rising crude oil concentration indicating the positive effect of crude oil on the growth of the algal species. This biodegradation process is remarkably a continuous progression over a period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadel Xaaldi Kalhor
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Ehsan Abedi
- Persian Gulf Oceanography Research Station-Boushehr, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bahrami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Dayyer Branch, Dayyer, Iran
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Al-Gheethi AA, Mohamed RM, Jais NM, Efaq AN, Abd Halid A, Wurochekke AA, Amir-Hashim MK. Influence of pathogenic bacterial activity on growth of Scenedesmus sp. and removal of nutrients from public market wastewater. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2017; 15:741-756. [PMID: 29040077 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2017.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the influence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis in public market wastewater on the removal of nutrients in terms of ammonium (NH4-) and orthophosphate (PO43) using Scenedesmus sp. The removal rates of NH4- and orthophosphate PO43- and batch kinetic coefficient of Scenedesmus sp. were investigated. The phycoremediation process was carried out at ambient temperature for 6 days. The results revealed that the pathogenic bacteria exhibited survival potential in the presence of microalgae but they were reduced by 3-4 log at the end of the treatment process. The specific removal rates of NH4- and PO43- have a strong relationship with initial concentration in the public market wastewater (R2 = 0.86 and 0.80, respectively). The kinetic coefficient of NH4- removal by Scenedesmus sp. was determined as k = 4.28 mg NH4- 1 log10 cell mL-1 d-1 and km = 52.01 mg L-1 (R2 = 0.94) while the coefficient of PO43- removal was noted as k = 1.09 mg NH4- 1 log10 cell mL-1 d-1 and km = 85.56 mg L-1 (R2 = 0.92). It can be concluded that Scenedesmus sp. has high competition from indigenous bacteria in the public market wastewater to remove nutrients, with a higher coefficient of removal of NH4- than PO43.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Al-Gheethi
- Micro-Pollution Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - R M Mohamed
- Micro-Pollution Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - N M Jais
- Micro-Pollution Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - A N Efaq
- Faculty of Science Technology and Human Developments, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Abd Halid
- Department of Architecture and Engineering Design, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - A A Wurochekke
- Micro-Pollution Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - M K Amir-Hashim
- Micro-Pollution Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia E-mail:
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Wu KC, Yau YH, Ho KC. Capability of microalgae for local saline sewage treatment towards biodiesel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/82/1/012008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Hom-Diaz A, Jaén-Gil A, Bello-Laserna I, Rodríguez-Mozaz S, Vicent T, Barceló D, Blánquez P. Performance of a microalgal photobioreactor treating toilet wastewater: Pharmaceutically active compound removal and biomass harvesting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 592:1-11. [PMID: 28292669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a 1200L outdoor pilot scale microalgal photobioreactor (PBR) was used for toilet wastewater (WW) treatment and evaluate its ability to remove pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs). The PBR was operated at two different hydraulic retention times (HRTs), which were 8 and 12days, during Period I (September-October) and Period II (October-December), respectively. Algal biomass concentrations varied by operating period because of seasonal changes. Nutrients (ammonia, nitrogen and total phosphorous) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were monitored and efficiently removed in both periods (>80%), attaining the legislation limits. At the theoretical hydraulic steady state in both periods, pharmaceutical removal reached high levels (>48%). Two harvesting techniques were applied to the PBR microalgae effluent. Gravity sedimentation was efficient for biomass removal (>99% in 7min) in Period I when large particles, flocs and aggregates were present. In contrast, a longer sedimentation time was required when biomass was mainly composed of single cells (88% clarification in a 24h in Period II). The second harvesting technique investigated was the co-pelletization of algal biomass with the ligninolytic fungus Trametes versicolor, attaining >98% clarification for Period II biomass once pellets were formed. The novel technology of co-pelletization enabled the complete harvesting of single algae cells from the liquid medium in a sustainable way, which benefits the subsequent use of both biomass and the clarified effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hom-Diaz
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrián Jaén-Gil
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Iris Bello-Laserna
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Teresa Vicent
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paqui Blánquez
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Lavrič L, Cerar A, Fanedl L, Lazar B, Žitnik M, Logar RM. Thermal pretreatment and bioaugmentation improve methane yield of microalgal mix produced in thermophilic anaerobic digestate. Anaerobe 2017; 46:162-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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48
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Gani P, Sunar NM, Matias-Peralta H, Mohamed RMSR, Latiff AAA, Parjo UK. Extraction of hydrocarbons from freshwater green microalgae (Botryococcus sp.) biomass after phycoremediation of domestic wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:679-685. [PMID: 28121457 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1284743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to analyze the efficiency of Botryococcus sp. in the phycoremediation of domestic wastewater and to determine the variety of hydrocarbons derived from microalgal oil after phycoremediation. The study showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of pollutant loads of up to 93.9% chemical oxygen demand, 69.1% biochemical oxygen demand, 59.9% total nitrogen, 54.5% total organic carbon, and 36.8% phosphate. The average dry weight biomass produce was 0.1 g/L of wastewater. In addition, the dry weight biomass of Botryococcus sp. was found to contain 72.5% of crude oil. The composition analysis using Gas Chromatogram - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) found that phthalic acid, 2-ethylhexyltridecyl ester (C29H48O4), contributed the highest percentage (71.6%) of the total hydrocarbon compounds to the extracted algae oil. The result of the study suggests that Botryococcus sp. can be used for effective phycoremediation, as well as to provide a sustainable hydrocarbon source as a value-added chemical for the bio-based plastic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paran Gani
- a Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Batu Pahat , Malaysia
| | - Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar
- b Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology , Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Batu Pahat , Malaysia
| | - Hazel Matias-Peralta
- c Department of Technology and Heritage, Faculty of Science, Technology and Human Development , Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Batu Pahat , Malaysia
| | - Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed
- a Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Batu Pahat , Malaysia
| | - Ab Aziz Abdul Latiff
- a Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Batu Pahat , Malaysia
| | - Umi Kalthsom Parjo
- b Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology , Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia , Batu Pahat , Malaysia
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Unc A, Monfet E, Potter A, Camargo-Valero M, Smith S. Note to Editor: Microalgae cultivation for wastewater treatment and biofuel production: a bibliographic overview of past and current trends. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Tao Q, Gao F, Qian CY, Guo XZ, Zheng Z, Yang ZH. Enhanced biomass/biofuel production and nutrient removal in an algal biofilm airlift photobioreactor. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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