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Bao J, Wang Y, Wang S, Niu D, Wang Z, Li R, Zheng Y, Ishfaq M, Wu Z, Li J. Polypharmacology-based approach for screening TCM against coinfection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:972245. [PMID: 36225794 PMCID: PMC9549337 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.972245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products and their unique polypharmacology offer significant advantages for finding novel therapeutics particularly for the treatment of complex diseases. Meanwhile, Traditional Chinese Medicine exerts overall clinical benefits through a multi-component and multi-target approach. In this study, we used the previously established co-infection model of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli as a representative of complex diseases. A new combination consisting of 6 herbs were obtained by using network pharmacology combined with transcriptomic analysis to reverse screen TCMs from the Chinese medicine database, containing Isatdis Radix, Forsythia Fructus, Ginkgo Folium, Mori Cortex, Licorice, and Radix Salviae. The results of therapeutic trials showed that the Chinese herbal compounds screened by the target network played a good therapeutic effect in the case of co-infection. In summary, these data suggested a new method to validate target combinations of natural products that can be used to optimize their multiple structure-activity relationships to obtain drug-like natural product derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dong Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ze Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yadan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jichang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
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2
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Liu Y, Sun G, Zhong Z, Ji L, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zheng X, Deng K. Overexpression of AtEDT1 promotes root elongation and affects medicinal secondary metabolite biosynthesis in roots of transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:1617-1625. [PMID: 27915455 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-1045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal secondary metabolites (salvianolic acids and tanshinones) are valuable natural bioactive compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza and have widespread applications. Improvement of medicinal secondary metabolite accumulation through biotechnology is necessary and urgent to satisfy their increasing demand. Herein, it was demonstrated that the overexpression of the transcription factor Arabidopsis thaliana-enhanced drought tolerance 1 (AtEDT1) could affect medicinal secondary metabolite accumulation. In this study, we observed that the transgenic lines significantly conferred drought tolerance phenotype. Meanwhile, we found that the overexpression of AtEDT1 promoted root elongation in S. miltiorrhiza. Interestingly, we also found that the overexpression of AtEDT1 determined the accumulation of salvianolic acids, such as rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, and total salvianolic acids due to the induction of the expression levels of salvianolic acid biosynthetic genes. Conversely, S. miltiorrhiza plants overexpressing the AtEDT1 transgene showed a decrease in tanshinone synthesis. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of AtEDT1 significantly increased the accumulation of salvianolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza. Further studies are required to better elucidate the functional role of AtEDT1 in the regulation of phytochemical compound synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Geng Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhong
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Linyi Ji
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
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Wang H, Wu Y, Yang X, Guo X, Cao X. SmLEA2, a gene for late embryogenesis abundant protein isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, confers tolerance to drought and salt stress in Escherichia coli and S. miltiorrhiza. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:685-696. [PMID: 27193100 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as drought and high salinity, are major factors that limit plant growth and productivity. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are members of a diverse, multigene family closely associated with tolerance to abiotic stresses in numerous organisms. We examined the function of SmLEA2, previously isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, in defense responses to drought and high salinity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that SmLEA2 belongs to the LEA_2 subfamily. Its overexpression in Escherichia coli improved growth performance when compared with the control under salt and drought stresses. We further characterized its roles in S. miltiorrhiza through overexpression and RNAi-mediated silencing. In response to drought and salinity treatments, transgenic plants overexpressing SmLEA2 exhibited significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity, reduced levels of lipid peroxidation, and more vigorous growth than empty-vector control plants did. However, transgenic lines in which expression was suppressed showed the opposite results. Our data demonstrate that SmLEA2 plays an important role in the abiotic stress response and its overexpression in transgenic S. miltiorrhiza improves tolerance to excess salt and drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Yucui Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Xinbing Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Xiaorong Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China.
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Wei T, Deng K, Liu D, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Wang C, Song W, Chen C, Zhang Y. Ectopic Expression of DREB Transcription Factor, AtDREB1A, Confers Tolerance to Drought in Transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 57:1593-609. [PMID: 27485523 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought decreases crop productivity more than any other type of environmental stress. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in regulating plant abiotic stress responses. The Arabidopsis thaliana gene DREB1A/CBF3, encoding a stress-inducible TF, was introduced into Salvia miltiorrhiza Ectopic expression of AtDREB1A resulted in increased drought tolerance, and transgenic lines had higher relative water content and Chl content, and exhibited an increased photosynthetic rate when subjected to drought stress. AtDREB1A transgenic plants generally displayed lower malondialdehyde (MDA), but higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities under drought stress. In particular, plants with ectopic AtDREB1A expression under the control of the stress-induced RD29A promoter exhibited more tolerance to drought compared with p35S::AtDREB1A transgenic plants, without growth inhibition or phenotypic aberrations. Differential gene expression profiling of wild-type and pRD29A::AtDREB1A transgenic plants following drought stress revealed that the expression levels of various genes associated with the stress response, photosynthesis, signaling, carbohydrate metabolism and protein protection were substantially higher in transgenic plants. In addition, the amount of salvianolic acids and tanshinones was significantly elevated in AtDREB1A transgenic S. miltiorrhiza roots, and most of the genes in the related biosynthetic pathways were up-regulated. Together, these results demonstrated that inducing the expression of a TF can effectively regulate multiple genes in the stress response pathways and significantly improve the resistance of plants to abiotic stresses. Our results also suggest that genetic manipulation of a TF can improve production of valuable secondary metabolites by regulating genes in associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Dongqing Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
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Wei T, Deng K, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang M, Zhang L, Zheng X, Wang C, Song W, Chen C, Zhang Y. Arabidopsis DREB1B in transgenic Salvia miltiorrhiza increased tolerance to drought stress without stunting growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 104:17-28. [PMID: 27002402 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple stress response genes are controlled by transcription factors in a coordinated manner; therefore, these factors can be used for molecular plant breeding. CBF1/DREB1B, a known stress-inducible gene, was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana and introduced into Salvia miltiorrhiza under the control of the CaMV35S or RD29A promoter. Under drought stress, relative water content, chlorophyll content, and the net photosynthetic rate were observed to be higher in the transgenic lines than in the wild type (WT). Moreover, O2(-) and H2O2 accumulation was observed to be lower in the transgenic lines. Additional analyses revealed that the AtDREB1B transgenic plants generally displayed lesser malondialdehyde (MDA) but higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities than the WT under drought stress. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of a subset of genes involved in photosynthesis, stress response, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell protection further verified that AtDREB1B could enhance tolerance to drought by activating different downstream DREB/CBF genes in the transgenic plants. Furthermore, no growth inhibition was detected in transgenic S. miltiorrhiza plants that expressed AtDREB1B driven by either the constitutive CaMV35S promoter or the stress-inducible RD29A promoter. Together, these results suggest that AtDREB1B is a good candidate gene for increasing drought tolerance in transgenic S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China; School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Kejun Deng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Meiling Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Xuelian Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Wenqin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, PR China.
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Zhou Y, Sun W, Chen J, Tan H, Xiao Y, Li Q, Ji Q, Gao S, Chen L, Chen S, Zhang L, Chen W. SmMYC2a and SmMYC2b played similar but irreplaceable roles in regulating the biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22852. [PMID: 26947390 PMCID: PMC4780012 DOI: 10.1038/srep22852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which contains tanshinones and phenolic acids as major classes of bioactive components, is one of the most widely used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Production of tanshinones and phenolic acids is enhanced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Transcription factor MYC2 is the switch of jasmontes signaling in plants. Here, we focused on two novel JA-inducible genes in S. miltiorrhiza, designated as SmMYC2a and SmMYC2b, which were localized in the nucleus. SmMYC2a and SmMYC2b were also discovered to interact with SmJAZ1 and SmJAZ2, implying that the two MYC2s might function as direct targets of JAZ proteins. Ectopic RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown experiments suggested that SmMYC2a/b affected multiple genes in tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway. Besides, the accumulation of tanshinones and phenolic acids was impaired by the loss of function in SmMYC2a/b. Meanwhile, SmMYC2a could bind with an E-box motif within SmHCT6 and SmCYP98A14 promoters, while SmMYC2b bound with an E-box motif within SmCYP98A14 promoter, through which the regulation of phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway might achieve. Together, these results suggest that SmMYC2a and SmMYC2b are JAZ-interacting transcription factors that positively regulate the biosynthesis of tanshinones and Sal B with similar but irreplaceable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Hexin Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Qian Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shouhong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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Xing B, Yang D, Guo W, Liang Z, Yan X, Zhu Y, Liu Y. Ag+ as a more effective elicitor for production of tanshinones than phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Molecules 2014; 20:309-24. [PMID: 25547728 PMCID: PMC6272699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acids and tanshinones are two groups of bioactive ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. As a heavy metal elicitor, it has been reported that Ag+ can induce accumulations of both phenolic acids and tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots. In this study, the effects of Ag+ treatment on accumulations of six phenolic acids and four tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots were investigated. To further elucidate the molecular mechanism, expressions of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of these ingredients were also detected. The results showed that although the total phenolic acids content was almost not affected by Ag+, accumulations of rosmarinic acid (RA), caffeic acid and ferulic acid were significantly increased, while accumulations of salvianolic acid B (LAB), danshensu (DSU) and cinnamic acid were decreased. We speculate that LAB probably derived from the branch pathway of DSU biosynthesis. Contents of four tanshinones were enhanced by Ag+ and their accumulations were more sensitive to Ag+ than phenolic acids. Genes in the upstream biosynthetic pathways of these ingredients responded to Ag+ earlier than those in the downstream biosynthetic pathways. Ag+ probably induced the whole pathways, upregulated gene expressions from the upstream pathways to the downstream pathways, and finally resulted in the enhancement of ingredient production. Compared with phenolic acids, tanshinone production was more sensitive to Ag+ treatments. This study will help us understand how secondary metabolism in S. miltiorrhiza responds to elicitors and provide a reference for the improvement of the production of targeted compounds in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcong Xing
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wanli Guo
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xijun Yan
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300410, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhu
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300410, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tasly Holding Group Co. Ltd, Tianjin 300410, China.
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