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Fan X, Sun H. Exploring Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation methods and its applications in Lilium. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:120. [PMID: 39123215 PMCID: PMC11313100 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
As a typical bulb flower, lily is widely cultivated worldwide because of its high ornamental, medicinal and edible value. Although breeding efforts evolved over the last 10000 years, there are still many problems in the face of increasing consumer demand. The approach of biotechnological methods would help to solve this problem and incorporate traits impossible by conventional breeding. Target traits are dormancy, development, color, floral fragrance and resistances against various biotic and abiotic stresses, so as to improve the quality of bulbs and cut flowers in planting, cultivation, postharvest, plant protection and marketing. Genetic transformation technology is an important method for varietal improvement and has become the foundation and core of plant functional genomics research, greatly assisting various plant improvement programs. However, achieving stable and efficient genetic transformation of lily has been difficult worldwide. Many gene function verification studies depend on the use of model plants, which greatly limits the pace of directed breeding and germplasm improvement in lily. Although significant progress has been made in the development and optimization of genetic transformation systems, shortcomings remain. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation has been widely used in lily. However, severe genotypic dependence is the main bottleneck limiting the genetic transformation of lily. This review will summarizes the research progress in the genetic transformation of lily over the past 30 years to generate the material including a section how genome engineering using stable genetic transformation system, and give an overview about recent and future applications of lily transformation. The information provided in this paper includes ideas for optimizing and improving the efficiency of existing genetic transformation methods and for innovation, provides technical support for mining and identifying regulatory genes for key traits, and lays a foundation for genetic improvement and innovative germplasm development in lily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Fan
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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2
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Liu L, Qu J, Wang C, Liu M, Zhang C, Zhang X, Guo C, Wu C, Yang G, Huang J, Yan K, Shu H, Zheng C, Zhang S. An efficient genetic transformation system mediated by Rhizobium rhizogenes in fruit trees based on the transgenic hairy root to shoot conversion. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:2093-2103. [PMID: 38491985 PMCID: PMC11258974 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Genetic transformation is a critical tool for gene editing and genetic improvement of plants. Although many model plants and crops can be genetically manipulated, genetic transformation systems for fruit trees are either lacking or perform poorly. We used Rhizobium rhizogenes to transfer the target gene into the hairy roots of Malus domestica and Actinidia chinensis. Transgenic roots were generated within 3 weeks, with a transgenic efficiency of 78.8%. Root to shoot conversion of transgenic hairy roots was achieved within 11 weeks, with a regeneration efficiency of 3.3%. Finally, the regulatory genes involved in stem cell activity were used to improve shoot regeneration efficiency. MdWOX5 exhibited the most significant effects, as it led to an improved regeneration efficiency of 20.6% and a reduced regeneration time of 9 weeks. Phenotypes of the overexpression of RUBY system mediated red roots and overexpression of MdRGF5 mediated longer root hairs were observed within 3 weeks, suggesting that the method can be used to quickly screen genes that influence root phenotype scores through root performance, such as root colour, root hair, and lateral root. Obtaining whole plants of the RUBY system and MdRGF5 overexpression lines highlights the convenience of this technology for studying gene functions in whole plants. Overall, we developed an optimized method to improve the transformation efficiency and stability of transformants in fruit trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- National Engineering Research Center for Apple and Technology Innovation Alliance of Apple IndustryShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Jinghua Qu
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Chunyan Wang
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Miao Liu
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Chunmeng Zhang
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Cheng Guo
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Changai Wu
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Guodong Yang
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Jinguang Huang
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Kang Yan
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Huairui Shu
- National Engineering Research Center for Apple and Technology Innovation Alliance of Apple IndustryShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- National Engineering Research Center for Apple and Technology Innovation Alliance of Apple IndustryShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural CropsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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3
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Nakamura S, Sato K. Map-Based Cloning of the Causal Gene for a Seed Dormancy Quantitative Trait Locus in Barley. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2830:107-120. [PMID: 38977572 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3965-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy is an important agronomic trait in cereal crops. Throughout the domestication of cereals, seed dormancy has been reduced to obtain uniform germination. However, grain crops must retain moderate levels of seed dormancy to prevent problems such as preharvest sprouting in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). To produce modern cultivars with the appropriate seed dormancy levels, it is important to identify the genes responsible for seed dormancy. With recent advances in sequencing technology, several causal genes for seed dormancy quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified in barley and wheat. Here, we present a method to identify causal genes for seed dormancy QTLs in barley, a method that is also applicable to other cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuhiro Sato
- Institute of Plant Science & Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Japan
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan
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Abe F, Mori M, Nakamura S. Functional Analysis of Seed Dormancy Genes by Biolistic Transient Gene Expression in Immature Embryos of Wheat. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2830:131-136. [PMID: 38977574 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3965-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy genes typically suppress germination and cell division. Therefore, overexpressing these genes can negatively affect tissue culture, interfering with the generation of transgenic plants and thus hampering the analysis of gene function. Transient expression in target cells is a useful approach for studying the function of seed dormancy genes. Here, we describe a protocol for transiently expressing genes related to seed dormancy in the scutellum of immature wheat (Triticum aestivum) embryos to analyze their effects on germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Abe
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahiko Mori
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamura
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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5
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Banerjee S, Mukherjee A, Kundu A. The current scenario and future perspectives of transgenic oilseed mustard by CRISPR-Cas9. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7705-7728. [PMID: 37432544 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Production of a designer crop having added attributes is the primary goal of all plant biotechnologists. Specifically, development of a crop with a simple biotechnological approach and at a rapid pace is most desirable. Genetic engineering enables us to displace genes among species. The newly incorporated foreign gene(s) in the host genome can create a new trait(s) by regulating the genotypes and/or phenotypes. The advent of the CRISPR-Cas9 tools has enabled the modification of a plant genome easily by introducing mutation or replacing genomic fragment. Oilseed mustard varieties (e.g., Brassica juncea, Brassica nigra, Brassica napus, and Brassica carinata) are one such plants, which have been transformed with different genes isolated from the wide range of species. Current reports proved that the yield and value of oilseed mustard has been tremendously improved by the introduction of stably inherited new traits such as insect and herbicide resistance. However, the genetic transformation of oilseed mustard remains incompetent due to lack of potential plant transformation systems. To solve numerous complications involved in genetically modified oilseed mustard crop varieties regeneration procedures, scientific research is being conducted to rectify the unwanted complications. Thus, this study provides a broader overview of the present status of new traits introduced in each mentioned varieties of oilseed mustard plant by different genetical engineering tools, especially CRISPR-Cas9, which will be useful to improve the transformation system of oilseed mustard crop plants. METHODS This review presents recent improvements made in oilseed mustard genetic engineering methodologies by using CRISPR-Cas9 tools, present status of new traits introduced in oilseed mustard plant varieties. RESULTS The review highlighted that the transgenic oilseed mustard production is a challenging process and the transgenic varieties of oilseed mustard provide a powerful tool for enhanced mustard yield. Over expression studies and silencing of desired genes provide functional importance of genes involved in mustard growth and development under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Thus, it can be expected that in near future CRISPR can contribute enormously in improving the mustard plant's architecture and develop stress resilient oilseed mustard plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Banerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, EM-4, Sector-V, Saltlake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India
| | - Ananya Mukherjee
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, WB, 700091, India
| | - Atreyee Kundu
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, EM-4, Sector-V, Saltlake City, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India.
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Ye X, Shrawat A, Moeller L, Rode R, Rivlin A, Kelm D, Martinell BJ, Williams EJ, Paisley A, Duncan DR, Armstrong CL. Agrobacterium-mediated direct transformation of wheat mature embryos through organogenesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1202235. [PMID: 37324676 PMCID: PMC10264787 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1202235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic plant production in monocotyledonous species has primarily relied on embryogenic callus induction from both immature and mature embryos as the pathway for plant regeneration. We have efficiently regenerated fertile transgenic wheat plants through organogenesis after Agrobacterium-mediated direct transformation of mechanically isolated mature embryos from field-grown seed. Centrifugation of the mature embryos in the presence of Agrobacterium was found to be essential for efficient T-DNA delivery to the relevant regenerable cells. The inoculated mature embryos formed multiple buds/shoots on high-cytokinin medium, which directly regenerated into transgenic shoots on hormone-free medium containing glyphosate for selection. Rooted transgenic plantlets were obtained within 10-12 weeks after inoculation. Further optimization of this transformation protocol resulted in significant reduction of chimeric plants to below 5%, as indicated by leaf GUS staining and T1 transgene segregation analysis. Direct transformation of wheat mature embryos has substantial advantages over traditional immature embryo-based transformation systems, including long-term storability of the mature dry explants, scalability, and greatly improved flexibility and consistency in transformation experiments.
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7
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Wang Y, Zeng J, Su P, Zhao H, Li L, Xie X, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Wang R, Zhang Y, Yu B, Chen M, Wang Y, Yang G, He G, Chang J, Li Y. An established protocol for generating transgenic wheat for wheat functional genomics via particle bombardment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:979540. [PMID: 36570946 PMCID: PMC9772560 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.979540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world and is considered one of the top targets in crop biotechnology. With the high-quality reference genomes of wheat and its relative species and the recent burst of genomic resources in Triticeae, demands to perform gene functional studies in wheat and genetic improvement have been rapidly increasing, requiring that production of transgenic wheat should become a routine technique. While established for more than 20 years, the particle bombardment-mediated wheat transformation has not become routine yet, with only a handful of labs being proficient in this technique. This could be due to, at least partly, the low transformation efficiency and the technical difficulties. Here, we describe the current version of this method through adaptation and optimization. We report the detailed protocol of producing transgenic wheat by the particle gun, including several critical steps, from the selection of appropriate explants (i.e., immature scutella), the preparation of DNA-coated gold particles, and several established strategies of tissue culture. More importantly, with over 20 years of experience in wheat transformation in our lab, we share the many technical details and recommendations and emphasize that the particle bombardment-mediated approach has fewer limitations in genotype dependency and vector construction when compared with the Agrobacterium-mediated methods. The particle bombardment-mediated method has been successful for over 30 wheat genotypes, from the tetraploid durum wheat to the hexaploid common wheat, from modern elite varieties to landraces. In conclusion, the particle bombardment-mediated wheat transformation has demonstrated its potential and wide applications, and the full set of protocol, experience, and successful reports in many wheat genotypes described here will further its impacts, making it a routine and robust technique in crop research labs worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Peipei Su
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xie
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya’nan Wu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruibin Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Boju Yu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kuluev BR, Mikhailova EV, Kuluev AR, Galimova AA, Zaikina EA, Khlestkina EK. Genome Editing in Species of the Tribe Triticeae with the CRISPR/Cas System. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322060127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Wang X, Chang C. Exploring and exploiting cuticle biosynthesis for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in wheat and barley. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064390. [PMID: 36438119 PMCID: PMC9685406 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat and barley are widely distributed cereal crops whose yields are adversely affected by environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and attacks of pathogens and pests. As the interphase between aerial plant organs and their environments, hydrophobic cuticle largely consists of a cutin matrix impregnated and sealed with cuticular waxes. Increasing evidence supports that the cuticle plays a key role in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses, which could be harnessed for wheat and barley improvement. In this review, we highlighted recent advances in cuticle biosynthesis and its multifaceted roles in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance of wheat and barley. Current strategies, challenges, and future perspectives on manipulating cuticle biosynthesis for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in wheat and barley are discussed.
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Kapusi E, Stoger E. Molecular Farming in Seed Crops: Gene Transfer into Barley (Hordeum vulgare ) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum ). Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2480:49-60. [PMID: 35616856 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2241-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins in seed crops has a long history and cereal grains are now one of the platforms in commercial use. Specific advantages include excellent storage properties, a well-developed endomembrane system with a high biosynthetic capacity and well-established cultivation procedures worldwide. However, the production of transgenic cereals is a time-consuming procedure and the lack of efficient transformation systems is still a significant bottleneck. Barley can be transformed at high efficiency but the protocols are genotype-dependent. Wheat is generally more challenging to transform, but considerable progress has been made in enhancing transformation efficiencies and in controlling transgene expression. In this chapter, we describe and discuss standard procedures for generating transgenic barley and wheat for the production of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Kapusi
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Recent advances in molecular farming using monocot plants. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Mirzaee M, Holásková E, Mičúchová A, Kopečný DJ, Osmani Z, Frébort I. Long-Lasting Stable Expression of Human LL-37 Antimicrobial Peptide in Transgenic Barley Plants. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:898. [PMID: 34438948 PMCID: PMC8388648 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides play a crucial role in the innate immune system of multicellular organisms. LL-37 is the only known member of the human cathelicidin family. As well as possessing antibacterial properties, it is actively involved in various physiological responses in eukaryotic cells. Accordingly, there is considerable interest in large-scale, low-cost, and microbial endotoxin-free production of LL-37 recombinant peptides for pharmaceutical applications. As a heterologous expression biofactory, we have previously obtained homologous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as an attractive vehicle for producing recombinant human LL-37 in the grain storage compartment, endosperm. The long-term stability of expression and inheritance of transgenes is necessary for the successful commercialization of recombinant proteins. Here, we report the stable inheritance and expression of the LL-37 gene in barley after six generations, including two consecutive seasons of experimental field cultivation. The transgenic plants showed normal growth and remained fertile. Based on the bacteria viability test, the produced peptide LL-37 retained high antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Mirzaee
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (E.H.); (A.M.); (Z.O.)
| | - Edita Holásková
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (E.H.); (A.M.); (Z.O.)
| | - Alžbeta Mičúchová
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (E.H.); (A.M.); (Z.O.)
| | - David J. Kopečný
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Zhila Osmani
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (E.H.); (A.M.); (Z.O.)
| | - Ivo Frébort
- Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (M.M.); (E.H.); (A.M.); (Z.O.)
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13
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Li G, Zhang T, Yu Z, Wang H, Yang E, Yang Z. An efficient Oligo-FISH painting system for revealing chromosome rearrangements and polyploidization in Triticeae. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:978-993. [PMID: 33210785 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A chromosome-specific painting technique has been developed which combines the most recent approaches of the companion disciplines of molecular cytogenetics and genome research. We developed seven oligonucleotide (oligo) pools derivd from single-copy sequences on chromosomes 1 to 7 of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and corresponding collinear regions of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The seven groups of pooled oligos comprised between 10 986 and 12 496 45-bp monomers, and these then produced stable fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) signals on chromosomes of each linkage group of wheat and barley. The pooled oligo probes were applied to high-throughput karyotyping of the chromosomes of other Triticeae species in the genera Secale, Aegilops, Thinopyrum, and Dasypyrum, and the study also extended to some wheat-alien amphiploids and derived lines. We demonstrated that a complete set of whole-chromosome oligo painting probes facilitated the study of inter-species chromosome homologous relationships and visualized non-homologous chromosomal rearrangements in Triticeae species and some wheat-alien species derivatives. When combined with other non-denaturing FISH procedures using tandem-repeat oligos, the newly developed oligo painting techniques provide an efficient tool for the study of chromosome structure, organization, and evolution among any wild Triticeae species with non-sequenced genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrong Li
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhihui Yu
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Hongjin Wang
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Ennian Yang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Zujun Yang
- Center for Informational Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
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Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into rye biology, evolution and agronomic potential. Nat Genet 2021; 53:564-573. [PMID: 33737754 PMCID: PMC8035072 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an exceptionally climate-resilient cereal crop, used extensively to produce improved wheat varieties via introgressive hybridization and possessing the entire repertoire of genes necessary to enable hybrid breeding. Rye is allogamous and only recently domesticated, thus giving cultivated ryes access to a diverse and exploitable wild gene pool. To further enhance the agronomic potential of rye, we produced a chromosome-scale annotated assembly of the 7.9-gigabase rye genome and extensively validated its quality by using a suite of molecular genetic resources. We demonstrate applications of this resource with a broad range of investigations. We present findings on cultivated rye's incomplete genetic isolation from wild relatives, mechanisms of genome structural evolution, pathogen resistance, low-temperature tolerance, fertility control systems for hybrid breeding and the yield benefits of rye-wheat introgressions.
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Saur IML, Hückelhoven R. Recognition and defence of plant-infecting fungal pathogens. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 256:153324. [PMID: 33249386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Attempted infections of plants with fungi result in diverse outcomes ranging from symptom-less resistance to severe disease and even death of infected plants. The deleterious effect on crop yield have led to intense focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that explain the difference between resistance and susceptibility. This research has uncovered plant resistance or susceptibility genes that explain either dominant or recessive inheritance of plant resistance with many of them coding for receptors that recognize pathogen invasion. Approaches based on cell biology and phytochemistry have contributed to identifying factors that halt an invading fungal pathogen from further invasion into or between plant cells. Plant chemical defence compounds, antifungal proteins and structural reinforcement of cell walls appear to slow down fungal growth or even prevent fungal penetration in resistant plants. Additionally, the hypersensitive response, in which a few cells undergo a strong local immune reaction, including programmed cell death at the site of infection, stops in particular biotrophic fungi from spreading into surrounding tissue. In this review, we give a general overview of plant recognition and defence of fungal parasites tracing back to the early 20th century with a special focus on Triticeae and on the progress that was made in the last 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel M L Saur
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Ralph Hückelhoven
- Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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Kishchenko O, Zhou Y, Jatayev S, Shavrukov Y, Borisjuk N. Gene editing applications to modulate crop flowering time and seed dormancy. ABIOTECH 2020; 1:233-245. [PMID: 36304127 PMCID: PMC9590486 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-020-00032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 have been used to improve many agricultural traits, from disease resistance to grain quality. Now, emerging research has used CRISPR/Cas9 and other gene editing technologies to target plant reproduction, including major areas such as flowering time and seed dormancy. Traits related to these areas have important implications for agriculture, as manipulation of flowering time has multiple applications, including tailoring crops for regional adaptation and improving yield. Moreover, understanding seed dormancy will enable approaches to improve germination upon planting and prevent pre-harvest sprouting. Here, we summarize trends and recent advances in using gene editing to gain a better understanding of plant reproduction and apply the resulting information for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Kishchenko
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
- Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, NAS of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Yuzhen Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
| | - Satyvaldy Jatayev
- Faculty of Agronomy, S. Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Yuri Shavrukov
- College of Science and Engineering, Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, China
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