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Pabbati S, Thomson P, Sharma D, Bhandari S. The aetiology of maxillofacial trauma in Australia: A scoping review. Aust Dent J 2024; 69:146-156. [PMID: 38348522 DOI: 10.1111/adj.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral and maxillofacial complex is subject to a range of traumas. Injuries to the region are devastating and have a great impact on social health outcomes. This review intends to investigate the aetiologies of maxillofacial trauma across Australia. METHODS This review was written in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR. Comprehensive searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted to identify potentially relevant literature. Quantitative observational epidemiological studies were sought and were required to include at least one aetiology to the maxillofacial region in their data set. A total of 31 eligible studies were included. RESULTS The greatest recorded causes of maxillofacial injuries included inter-personal violence (34.98%) falls (20.87%), sports (15.62%), and motor-vehicle accidents (14.31%). These four aetiologies cumulatively accounted for more than 85% of maxillofacial injuries. From all sustained injuries (n = 7661), the orbit was the most prevalent site of fracture (31.85%), followed by the zygoma (22.01%), mandible (21%), nasal bone (12.45%), maxilla (10.04%), dentoalveolus (1.84%), antrum (<1%), and frontal bone (<1%). CONCLUSION Violence was an unprecedented cause of trauma-additional research is recommended to further characterize the correlation between the two variables. Research is also recommended specifically in regional/rural communities, where data was particularly limited. © 2024 Australian Dental Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssr Pabbati
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Thomson
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - D Sharma
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Bhandari
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
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Al-Ali MA, Mousa HM, Nibelle I, Hefny AF. Camel-Related Facial Injuries: A Seven-Year Retrospective Study. Clin Pract 2023; 13:889-897. [PMID: 37623262 PMCID: PMC10453722 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial injuries caused by camels can be associated with adverse long-term effects on patients' quality of life. We aimed to investigate camel-related facial injuries in Al-Ain City, UAE, focusing on their incidence, types, mechanisms, anatomical distribution, and outcomes, to enhance preventive measures. We retrospectively collected data from all patients who were admitted to our hospital with camel-related facial injuries from January 2014 through January 2021. Thirty-six patients were included; all were males, with a mean (range) age of 31 (14-66) years, 29 (80.5%) were camel caregivers. The most common mechanisms of injury were falling while riding a camel and camel kicks. The head was the most commonly injured region in 52.7%. Twenty-three (63.8%) patients had facial bone fractures. The middle third of the face accounted for 71.4% of the bony fractures. The most performed surgical procedures in our patients were soft tissue laceration repair and open reduction with internal fixation of fractures (ORIF). Camel-related facial injuries affect young adult male camel caregivers working on camel farms. Orbital and maxillary bone fractures are the most predominant fractures requiring operative management. Legislation for compulsory helmet usage may reduce the incidence of these injuries and their serious consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Al-Ali
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.A.-A.); (H.M.M.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Al Ain Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Hussam M. Mousa
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.A.-A.); (H.M.M.)
| | - Isabelle Nibelle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Al Ain Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ashraf F. Hefny
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; (M.A.A.-A.); (H.M.M.)
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Sritharan R, Blore CD, Gahir DS. Maxillofacial Horse Trauma: A 10-Year Retrospective Study at a UK Major Trauma Center. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2022; 15:201-205. [PMID: 36081674 PMCID: PMC9446278 DOI: 10.1177/19433875211025910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction/Objecive There are very few studies that have investigated equestrian-related maxillofacial injuries. A retrospective review was performed to investigate maxillofacial horse trauma at a Level 1 Trauma Centre at the Royal Stoke Hospital over the last 10 years between 2010 and 2020. Study Design/Methods Search of the hospital's major trauma database as well as ED records showed 51 patients who sustained maxillofacial injuries related to horses. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi Squared tests. Results 41 patients were female and the remaining 10 were male. 43% of patients were female and aged 30 and under. Kicks from horses accounted for 64.4% of equine-related maxillofacial injuries. A total of 90 injuries were recorded. Hard tissue injuries which include all fractures accounted for 66.3% of injuries sustained. 70.5% patients sustained isolated maxillofacial trauma. There was an association between patients sustaining non-isolated maxillofacial trauma and hard tissue maxillofacial injuries (P = 0.04). 65.6% of injuries were managed operatively. Patients aged 30 and under were more likely to be managed operatively (P = 0.03). Conclusion Equestrian related maxillofacial trauma represents a proportion of trauma workload. The safety aspect of horse riding should be considered and education in safe riding and the use of appropriate safety equipment is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeevan Sritharan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of North Midlands Trust, Royal Stoke Hospital, Newcastle Rd, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
| | - Christopher David Blore
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of North Midlands Trust, Royal Stoke Hospital, Newcastle Rd, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
| | - Daya Singh Gahir
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of North Midlands Trust, Royal Stoke Hospital, Newcastle Rd, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK
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Romeo I, Sobrero F, Roccia F, Dolan S, Laverick S, Carlaw K, Aquilina P, Bojino A, Ramieri G, Duran‐Valles F, Bescos C, Segura‐Pallerès I, Ganasouli D, Zanakis SN, de Oliveira Gorla LF, Pereira‐Filho VA, Gallafassi D, Leonardo Perez F, Alalawy H, Kamel M, Samieirad S, Jaisani MR, Rahman SA, Rahman T, Aladelusi T, Hassanein AG, Goetzinger M, Bottini GB. A multicentric, prospective study on oral and maxillofacial trauma in the female population around the world. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:196-205. [PMID: 35390219 PMCID: PMC9321108 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Approximately 20% of patients with maxillofacial trauma are women, but few articles have analysed this. The aim of this multicentric, prospective, epidemiological study was to analyse the characteristics of maxillofacial fractures in the female population managed in 14 maxillofacial surgery departments on five continents over a 1-year period. METHODS The following data were collected: age (0-18, 19-64, or ≥65 years), cause and mechanism of the maxillofacial fracture, alcohol and/or drug abuse at the time of trauma, fracture site, Facial Injury Severity Scale score, associated injury, day of trauma, timing and type of treatment, and length of hospitalization. RESULTS Between 30 September 2019 and 4 October 2020, 562 of 2387 patients hospitalized with maxillofacial trauma were females (24%; M: F ratio, 3.2:1) aged between 1 and 96 years (median age, 37 years). Most fractures occurred in patients aged 20-39 years. The main causes were falls (43% [median age, 60.5 years]), which were more common in Australian, European and American units (p < .001). They were followed by road traffic accidents (35% [median age, 29.5 years]). Assaults (15% [median age, 31.5 years]) were statistically associated with alcohol and/or drug abuse (p < .001). Of all patients, 39% underwent open reduction and internal fixation, 36% did not receive surgical treatment, and 25% underwent closed reduction. CONCLUSION Falls were the main cause of maxillofacial injury in the female population in countries with ageing populations, while road traffic accidents were the main cause in African and some Asian centres, especially in patients ≤65 years. Assaults remain a significant cause of trauma, primarily in patients aged 19-64 years, and they are related to alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Romeo
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryCittà della Salute e della ScienzaUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Federica Sobrero
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryCittà della Salute e della ScienzaUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryCittà della Salute e della ScienzaUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Sean Dolan
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Sean Laverick
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Kirsten Carlaw
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial SurgeryNepean HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Peter Aquilina
- Department Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial SurgeryNepean HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Alessandro Bojino
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryCittà della Salute e della ScienzaUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Guglielmo Ramieri
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryCittà della Salute e della ScienzaUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Francesc Duran‐Valles
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHospital Universitario Vall D’HebronBarcelonaSpain
| | - Coro Bescos
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHospital Universitario Vall D’HebronBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ignasi Segura‐Pallerès
- Division of Maxillofacial SurgeryCittà della Salute e della ScienzaUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Dimitra Ganasouli
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHippokration General HospitalAthensGreece
| | - Stelios N. Zanakis
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHippokration General HospitalAthensGreece
| | | | | | - Daniel Gallafassi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryDepartment of Diagnosis and SurgerySão Paulo State UniversityUNESPAraçatuba, São PauloBrazil
| | - Faverani Leonardo Perez
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryDepartment of Diagnosis and SurgerySão Paulo State UniversityUNESPAraçatuba, São PauloBrazil
| | - Haider Alalawy
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryGazi Alhariri HospitalMedical CityBaghdadIraq
| | - Mohammed Kamel
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryGazi Alhariri HospitalMedical CityBaghdadIraq
| | - Sahand Samieirad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Sajjad Abdur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia
| | - Tabishur Rahman
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia
| | - Timothy Aladelusi
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryCollege of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | - Ahmed Gaber Hassanein
- Maxillofacial Surgery UnitFaculty of MedicineGeneral Surgery DepartmentSohag UniversitySohagEgypt
| | - Maximilian Goetzinger
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Gian Battista Bottini
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
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Craniofacial Fractures in Equine-Related Injuries: What Should a Maxillofacial Surgeon Expect? J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:1409-1412. [PMID: 34842402 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Patients with equine-related injuries (ERI) have high rates of hospitalization and often require surgical treatment. This study aimed to clarify the injury profiles of patients sustaining ERI-related craniofacial fractures and their relationship with other severe head and neck injuries.This retrospective study included all patients with craniofacial fractures admitted to a tertiary trauma center during 2013 to 2018. Out of 3256 patients, a total of 39 patients were included in the study (1.2%). Demographic and clinically relevant variables were reported and statistically evaluated.Males represented only 7.7% of the study population. Isolated facial fractures were over-represented in this study population at 84.6% whereas only 7.7% of patients sustained isolated cranial fractures and 7.7% of patients sustained combined craniofacial fractures, respectively. Surgical intervention for craniofacial fractures was required in 48.7% of patients. In total, 17.9% of patients sustained severe head and neck injuries. Periods of unconsciousness and/or post-traumatic amnesia were seen in 41% of patients. Helmet use could only be confirmed in 17.9% of patients.As trauma mechanisms behind ERI are often multifactorial and patients are at a high risk of sustaining associated injuries, attentive examination, and exclusion of serious life-threatening injuries through a multi-disciplinary approach is imperative for this specific patient population.
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Variation in UK Deanery publication rates in the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: where are the current 'hot spots'? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:e48-e64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bojino A, Roccia F, Giaccone E, Cocis S. Comprehensive analyses of maxillofacial fractures due to non-professional sports activities in Italy. Dent Traumatol 2020; 36:632-640. [PMID: 32790896 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Sports activities have become increasingly popular among amateurs and this has led to an increase in maxillofacial fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the management of amateur sport-related maxillofacial fractures and appropriate preventive measures. METHODS A trauma database was used to analyze 3231 patients with maxillofacial fractures admitted to the Maxillofacial Surgery Division of Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy, from January 2001 to December 2019. Only patients with non-professional sports-related maxillofacial fractures were included. The following data were collected: age, gender, type of sport, mechanisms of injury, sites of fracture, Facial Injury Severity Scale, associated injuries, month of trauma, time to treatment, treatment, length of stay, and interval before return to sport. RESULTS There were 432 patients, 378 males and 54 females, with a mean age of 29.2 (5-76 years). Sport-related maxillofacial fractures' relative percent ranged from 11.1% in 2001 to 17.5% in 2019. Soccer was the most common cause of sport-related maxillofacial fractures (54.2%), and impact with a player/opponent was the main mechanism of injury (72%). An intentional violent act (player hit by a fist) was the cause of fracture in 8.5% of the soccer-related injuries. Fractures of the middle third of the face occurred in 61.2% of patients. Maxillofacial fractures were treated within 24 h in 25% of patients. There were 343 out of 412 patients who received open reduction and internal fixation (mean length of hospital stay: 3.7 days). There was no contraindication to resuming sport activities at 30/40 days after treatment, except for combat sports. CONCLUSIONS This study provided further evidence of a relative increase in sports-related maxillofacial fractures. Soccer is related to the majority of sport maxillofacial fractures. Adherence to the rules is necessary to limit violent acts that cause such injuries. In non-professional players, resumption of the full activity is allowed after 40 days for non-combat sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bojino
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery (head: Prof. G. Ramieri), Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Fabio Roccia
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery (head: Prof. G. Ramieri), Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e delle Scienze Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Giaccone
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery (head: Prof. G. Ramieri), Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefan Cocis
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery (head: Prof. G. Ramieri), Surgical Science Department, Città della Salute e delle Scienze Hospital, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
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Retrospective analysis of 15 years of horse-related maxillofacial fracture data at a major German trauma center. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 48:2539-2546. [PMID: 32699917 PMCID: PMC9360122 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-020-01450-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of the mechanism of trauma (fall versus kick), rider demographics, equestrian experience, protective equipment, and whether or not a horse was shod on the anatomic site of a horse-related maxillofacial fracture, operating time, postoperative complication rate, and length of hospital stay. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients treated for horse-related maxillofacial fractures at a single institution in Germany between January 2000 and March 2015. We used linear and logistic regression to test the above-mentioned variables for statistical correlations. Results During the study period, we treated 138 horse-related facial fractures in 71 patients. The mean patient age was 34.5 years, and 80.3% of the injuries occurred in women. Most of the maxillofacial fractures were the result of a horse kick (71.8%) when unmounted and the majority occurred in more experienced riders (70.4%). There was a significant association of wearing of protective equipment with a shorter hospital stay and lower risk of postoperative complications. Conclusion More education is needed in the equestrian community regarding the use of protective equipment when unmounted. Safety helmets should be redesigned to include a faceguard and be worn at all times.
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Singleton C, Manchella S, Nastri A. Operative management of equine-related maxillofacial trauma presenting to a Melbourne level-one trauma centre over a six-year period. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 57:1126-1130. [PMID: 31708223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the pattern of equine-related maxillofacial trauma that required operative treatment in patients who presented to a level-one trauma centre in Melbourne between 2011 and 2016. A total of 28 patients (16 female and 12 male, median (range) age 31 (16-76) years) were identified from a database of all operatively managed maxillofacial trauma cases, and data were collected on demographics, mechanisms and patterns of injury, and management. The most common mechanism was kicking (n=16), which was also the most likely to result in multiple injuries. Half the patients sustained an injury to the midface only, with naso-orbitoethmoidal (NOE) and orbital fractures being the most common fractures. Of the total fractures (those that did and did not require an operation), 44/54 were managed with internal fixation. Exactly half the patients were treated as inpatients and half as outpatients, and despite a longer total duration of hospital stay for inpatients, the postoperative period was the same in both. Many horse-related maxillofacial injuries were sustained by young women, and the midface was most commonly affected. More injuries overall were sustained while unmounted (particularly by kicks) than by falls.
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Al-Ali MA, Hefny AF, Abu-Zidan FM. Head, face and neck camel-related injuries: Biomechanics and severity. Injury 2019; 50:210-214. [PMID: 30473371 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Large animal-related human injuries are associated with high morbidity and mortality. There are no studies on biomechanics of the camel-related head, face, and neck (HFN) injuries. We aimed to study the mechanism, anatomical distribution and severity of camel-related HFN injuries. METHODS We analyzed our prospectively collected data of patients who were admitted to Al Ain Hospital with camel-related HFN injury during the period of October 2001 to January 2010. RESULTS Seventy-three patients were studied; all were males having a median (range) age of 28 (5-89) years. Camel kick was the most common mechanism of injury (45%) followed by falling from a camel (22%). Facial fractures were significantly more common in patients who were kicked by a camel. Severe head injuries were significantly more in patients who fell from a camel or who had a car collision with a camel. Car collision with a camel was significantly associated with lower cervical spine fractures (p = 0.017) and severe cervical spine injuries (p = 0.004). Two patients died (overall mortality 3%) CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides an insight into the complex biomechanics and severity of camel-related HFN injuries. It is essential to adopt protective measures in our community so as to reduce camel-related HFN injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Al-Ali
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Otolaryngology, Al Ain Hospital, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashraf F Hefny
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Surgery, Al Ain Hospital, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Fikri M Abu-Zidan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Surgery, Al Ain Hospital, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Stier R, Rüter M, Zimmerer R, Gellrich NC, Tavassol F. Patterns of mandibular fractures related to interaction with horses. ARCHIVES OF TRAUMA RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/atr.atr_11_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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