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Lian Y, Li Y, Liu A, Ghosh S, Shi Y, Huang H. Dietary antioxidants and vascular calcification: From pharmacological mechanisms to challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115693. [PMID: 37844356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), an actively regulated process, has been recognized as an independent and strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality worldwide. Diet has been shown to have a major role in the progression of VC. Oxidative stress (OS), a common pro-calcification factor, is closely related to VC, and evidence strongly suggests that dietary antioxidants directly prevent VC. Herein, we provided an overview of OS and its key role in VC and underlined the mechanisms of harmful effects of OS on VC. Furthermore, we introduced dietary antioxidants, and discussed about surrounding the challenges of dietary antioxidants in VC management. This review will benefit future research about the effects of dietary antioxidants on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Lian
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiting Liu
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Sounak Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, AMRI Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Yuncong Shi
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Rd, Futian District, 518033 Shenzhen, China.
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Phytochemical Characterization, Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Enzymatic and Cytotoxic Effects of Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte Extracts: A New Source of Bioactive Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185886. [PMID: 36144622 PMCID: PMC9500874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte is recognized medicinally given its long-standing ethnopharmacological uses in different parts of the world. Nonetheless, the pharmacological properties of the leaves of the plant have been poorly studied by the scientific community. Hence, this study aimed to decipher the phytochemicals; quantify through HPLC-ESI-MS analysis the plant’s biosynthesis; and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, amylase, glucosidase, cholinesterase, and cytotoxicity potential on normal (NIH 3T3) and human liver and human colon cancer (HepG2 and HT 29) cell lines of this plant species. The aqueous extract contained the highest content of phenolics and phenolic acid, methanol extracted the most flavonoid, and the most flavonol was extracted by ethyl acetate. The one-way ANOVA results demonstrated that all results obtained were statistically significant at p < 0.05. A total of 25 phytoconstituents were identified from the different extracts, with phenolic acids and flavonoids being the main metabolites. The highest antioxidant potential was recorded for the aqueous extract. The best anti-tyrosinase extract was the methanolic extract. The ethyl acetate extract of A. verlotiorum had the highest flavonol content and hence was most active against the cholinesterase enzymes. The ethyl acetate extract was the best α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitor. The samples of Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte in both aqueous and methanolic extracts were found to be non-toxic after 48 h against NIH 3T3 cells. In HepG2 cells, the methanolic extract was nontoxic up to 125 µg/mL, and an IC50 value of 722.39 µg/mL was recorded. The IC50 value exhibited in methanolic extraction of A. verlotiorum was 792.91 µg/mL in HT29 cells. Methanolic extraction is capable of inducing cell cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma without damaging normal cells. Hence, A. verlotiorum can be recommended for further evaluation of its phytochemical and medicinal properties.
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Laha D, Sarkar J, Maity J, Pramanik A, Howlader MSI, Barthels D, Das H. Polyphenolic Compounds Inhibit Osteoclast Differentiation While Reducing Autophagy through Limiting ROS and the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091220. [PMID: 36139058 PMCID: PMC9496366 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds are a diverse group of natural compounds that interact with various cellular proteins responsible for cell survival, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, it is yet to be established how these compounds interact in myeloid cells during their differentiation and the molecular and intracellular mechanisms involved. Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that originate from myeloid cells. They resorb cartilage and bone, maintain bone homeostasis, and can cause pathogenesis. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that is responsible for the degradation of damaged proteins and organelles within cells and helps maintain intracellular homeostasis. Imbalances in autophagy cause various pathological disorders. The current study investigated the role of several polyphenolic compounds, including tannic acid (TA), gallic acid (GA), and ellagic acid (EA) in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation of myeloid cells. We demonstrated that polyphenolic compounds inhibit osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Quantitative real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting revealed that osteoclast markers, such as NFATc1, Cathepsin K, and TRAP were inhibited after the addition of polyphenolic compounds during osteoclast differentiation. In our investigation into the molecular mechanisms, we found that the addition of polyphenolic compounds reduced the number of autophagic vesicles and the levels of LC3B, BECN1, ATG5, and ATG7 molecules through the inactivation of Akt, thus inhibiting the autophagy process. In addition, we found that by decreasing intracellular calcium and decreasing ROS levels, along with decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, polyphenolic compounds inhibit osteoclast differentiation. Together, this study provides evidence that polyphenolic compounds inhibit osteoclast differentiation by reducing ROS production, autophagy, intracellular Ca2+ level, and mitochondrial membrane potentials.
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Chen W, Chen Z, Shan S, Wu A, Zhao C, Ye X, Zheng X, Zhu R. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside promotes stress tolerance and lifespan extension of Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to polystyrene via DAF-16 pathway. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 207:111723. [PMID: 35988813 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution has attracted growing attention due to its prevalent and persistent exposure to general population through the food chain, but few reports have focused on the toxicological prevention of polystyrene (PS). Using the wild-type and mutant strains, this study explored the impacts of PS and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) on stress tolerance and lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). In N2 nematodes, PS exposure initiated the oxidative stress and subsequent lifespan reduction, while these adverse impacts could be positively improved by C3G treatment. Considering the pivotal role of DAF-16 pathway in stress tolerance and lifespan regulation, the expression of the daf-16 gene and its downstream antioxidant genes (clt-2, hsp-16.1, sod-3, sod-5) were examined, and found to be significantly enhanced by C3G. Since the sod-3 gene was up-regulated the most fold by C3G, the activity of SOD enzyme that encoded by the sod-3 was examined, and could be obviously enhanced upon C3G treatment. This explained the improved oxidative stress and delayed oxidation-associated aging after C3G intervention. Nevertheless, these positive effects of C3G were weakened in daf-16(-) mutant strain (with deleted DAF-16 gene), for which the beneficial effects of C3G in promoting stress resistance and lifespan extension were inhibited. These findings suggested that the DAF-16 gene and its downstream antioxidant genes, have participated in C3G's regulations on redox balance and lifespan that impacted by nano-polystyrene particles. This study highlighted the link between dietary components and environmentally driven disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Shuo Shan
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Aibo Wu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruiyu Zhu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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DİRİCAN E, ÇINAR İ. Gossypin'in farklı kanser hücre dizilerinde HSP60 ve HSP70'in gen ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1052787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gossypin'in farklı kanser hücre hatlarında ısı şok proteinleri (HSP) genlerinin ekspresyon seviyesi üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Hücreler, standart kültür koşulları altında büyütüldü. Kanser hücreleri, farklı konsantrasyonlarda (5-100 µg/ml) gossypin ve pozitif kontrol olarak sisplatin (50 µM) ile muamele edildi. Gossypin'in hücre canlılığı ve etkili doz aralığı (5-100 µg/ml), 24, 48 ve 72. saatlerde MTT ile belirlendi. RNA izolasyonu ve cDNA sentezinden sonra, HSP60 ve HSP70 gen ekpresyon seviyesi RT-PCR ile analiz edildi. Gen ekspresyonu için 2-∆∆ct methodu kullanıldı.
Bulgular: MTT sonuçlarına göre kanser hücre hatlarında 25-50-100 µg/ml gossipin dozlarının HSP60 ve HSP70 gen ekspresyon seviyeleri üzerinde etkili olduğu bulundu. Gossypin, üç hücre hattında HSP60 ve HSP70'in ekspresyonunu doza bağımlı olarak etkilemiştir. Üç hücre hattında, 50 µg/ml ve 100 µg/ml gossipin dozları, HSP60 ve HSP70'in ekspresyonunu kontrol grubuna kıyasla önemli ölçüde azalttı.
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız, farklı hücre dizilerinde çeşitli dozlarda gossypinin antikarsinojenik etkisini güçlü bir şekilde desteklemektedir. Fakat, daha fazla in vivo araştırma ve insan çalışmalarına ihtiyaç olduğuna inanıyoruz. Bulgularımız, gossypin'nin farklı kanser türlerinin önlenmesi ve/veya tedavisi için yeni stratejiler geliştirmek için daha ileri araştırmalar için uygun aday ajan olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebubekir DİRİCAN
- BAYBURT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BAYBURT SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU
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Boshkayeva AK, Omarova RA, Ordabayeva SK, Serikbayeva AD, Umurzakhova GG, Massakbayev AJ. Modeling of the Structure and Forecasting Properties of Dihydroquercetin Derivatives. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:52-57. [PMID: 35748812 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2094398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study new chemical compounds with the potential cure proper, and to develop modifications of the preferred structure of dihydroquercetin. BACKGROUND Producing of the new drugs needs the study of the cure properties of the chemical composes first of all, and computer modeling can make this process more informative and easily. OBJECTIVE Computer projection of the chemical compounds potential cure properties. METHODS The reactivity of the studied models was evaluated by comparing the energies of the boundary molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO), as well as the difference in their values. The reaction center of the model molecules was determined via the analysis of the charge characteristics on atoms in each of them. RESULTS A theoretical model of new chemical compounds with the potential properties of drugs was substantiated and modifications of the preferred structure of dihydroquercetin have been developed. The concept of new compounds has been expanded and opportunities for the modification of compounds with high pharmacological activity have been discussed. Using the AM1, PM3, RM1 methods spatial characteristics were calculated. The results of quantum-chemical studies of model derivatives of dihydroquercetin via the RM1 method were carried out. CONCLUSIONS Calculation of the enthalpies of formation of model molecules allowed evaluating their thermodynamic stability. An analysis of the electric dipole moments made a possibility determining the preferred (polar) nature of the solvents for the studied model molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Boshkayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - R A Omarova
- Department of engineering disciplines, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - S K Ordabayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy JSC, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - A D Serikbayeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy JSC, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - G G Umurzakhova
- Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Affairs, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy JSC, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Callus-Mediated High-Frequency Plant Regeneration, Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Activity and Genetic Stability in Ruta chalepensis L. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11121614. [PMID: 35736765 PMCID: PMC9229613 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Efficient methods for callus induction and the high-frequency plant regeneration of Ruta chalepensis L. were established, and the phytochemical potential and antioxidant activity of a donor plant, ex-vitro-established micropropagated plants, and callus were also studied. Yellowish-green callus was induced with a frequency of 97.8% from internode shoot segments of the donor plant growing in soil in the botanical garden cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 10 μM 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 1 μM BA (6-benzyladenine). Adventitious shoots were regenerated from the yellowish-green callus on MS medium containing 5.0 μM (BA) and 1.0 μM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), with a regeneration frequency of 98.4% and a maximum of 54.6 shoots with an average length of 4.5 cm after 8 weeks. The regenerated shoots were rooted in a medium containing 1.0 μM IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and successfully transferred to ex vitro conditions in pots containing normal garden soil, with a 95% survival rate. The amounts of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and antioxidant activity of the ex-vitro-established micropropagated plants were higher than in the donor plant and callus. The highest contents of hesperidin and rutin (93.3 and 55.9 µg/mg, respectively) were found in the ex-vitro-established micropropagated plants compared to those obtained from the donor plant (91.4 and 31.0 µg/mg, respectively) and callus (59.1 and 21.6 µg/mg, respectively). The genetic uniformity of the ex-vitro-established micropropagated plants was appraised by the ISSR markers and compared with the donor plant. This is the first report describing the callus-mediated plant regeneration, as well as the production of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in R. chalepensis, which might be a potential alternative technique for the mass propagation and synthesis of bioactive compounds such as hesperidin and rutin.
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Zgórka G, Maciejewska-Turska M, Makuch-Kocka A, Plech T. In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity and Chemopreventive Potential in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines of the Standardized Extract Obtained from the Aerial Parts of Zigzag Clover (Trifolium medium L.). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060699. [PMID: 35745618 PMCID: PMC9229722 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aboveground parts of Trifolium medium L. (zigzag clover), a little-known representative of the family Fabaceae, collected during flowering in a wild stand (Sławin-Szerokie district, Lublin, Poland), were used in this study. Our previous investigations confirmed the higher content of phytoestrogenic isoflavones (especially biochanin A and formononetin derivatives) in T. medium compared to the closely related medicinal plant T. pratense (red clover) and the involvement of these compounds in anti-osteoporotic effects in ovariectomized female rats. The current study focused on evaluating other antibiodegenerative (antioxidant, chemopreventive, and cytostatic) effects for the lyophilisate (TML) obtained from wild zigzag clover. For this purpose, efficient ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was employed, followed by vacuum drying and phytochemical standardization using a newly developed reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-LC) coupled with a PDA detection. Malonylglycosides of biochanin A and formononetin were the predominant compounds and were found to contribute more than 54% to the total isoflavone content determined in the standardized extract of zigzag clover. The antioxidant potential of TML was examined in vitro using the Folin–Ciocalteu and cupric ion-reducing (CUPRAC) methods in addition to the free radical (DPPH• and ABTS•+) scavenging assays. The cytotoxic effects of TML, formononetin, and ononin were evaluated on MCF-7 (estrogen-dependent) and MDA-MB-231 (estrogen-independent) human breast cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. The important role of malonyl isoflavone derivatives has been indicated both in chemoprevention and potential cytotoxic effects of TML against certain types of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Zgórka
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Maciejewska-Turska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Pharmacology, Chair of Pharmacology and Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.-K.); (T.P.)
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Chair of Pharmacology and Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.-K.); (T.P.)
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Chen N, Feng Z, Gao H, He Q, Zeng W. Effects of phenols with different structure characteristics on properties of potato starch: action rule and molecular mechanism. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
| | - Zi‐Jian Feng
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
| | - Hao‐Xiang Gao
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
| | - Qiang He
- The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
| | - Wei‐Cai Zeng
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education Sichuan University Chengdu PR China
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Rao SW, Duan YY, Pang HQ, Xu SH, Hu SQ, Cheng KG, Liang D, Shi W. Spectrum-Effect Relationship Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Coupled With Comprehensive Filtering Approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:794277. [PMID: 35355711 PMCID: PMC8959880 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.794277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. (ZN), with strong effects of anti-inflammation and antioxidant activities is treated as a core herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation for treating stomachache, toothache, and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the active ingredients of ZN are not fully clarified due to its chemical complexity. In the present study, a double spectrum–effect analysis strategy was developed and applied to explore the bioactive components in herbs, and ZN was used as an example. Here, the chemical components in ZN were rapidly and comprehensively profiled based on the mass defect filtering-based structure classification (MDFSC) and diagnostic fragment-ion-based extension approaches. Furthermore, the fingerprints of 20 batches of ZN samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the 20 batches of ZN samples were studied. Finally, the partial least squares regression (PLSR), gray relational analysis models, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (SRCC) were applied to discover the bioactive compounds in ZN. As a result, a total of 48 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized in ZN, including 35 alkaloids, seven coumarins, three phenolic acids, two flavonoids, and one lignan. The results achieved by three prediction models indicated that peaks 4, 12, and 17 were the potential anti-inflammatory compounds in ZN, whereas peaks 3, 5, 7, 12, and 13 were involved in the antioxidant activity. Among them, peaks 4, 5, 7, and 12 were identified as nitidine, chelerythrine, hesperidin, and oxynitidine by comparison with the standards and other references. The data in the current study achieved by double spectrum–effect analysis strategy had great importance to improve the quality standardization of ZN, and the method might be an efficiency tool for the discovery of active components in a complex system, such as TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wei Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Han-Qing Pang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shou-Qian Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Ke-Guang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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Baliyan S, Mukherjee R, Priyadarshini A, Vibhuti A, Gupta A, Pandey RP, Chang CM. Determination of Antioxidants by DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Ficus religiosa. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041326. [PMID: 35209118 PMCID: PMC8878429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of F. religiosa might be beneficial in inflammatory illnesses and can be used for a variety of health conditions. In this article, we studied the identification of antioxidants using (DPPH) 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylradical scavenging activity in Ficus religiosa, as F. religiosa is an important herbal plant, and every part of it has various medicinal properties such as antibacterial properties that can be used by the researchers in the development and design of various new drugs. The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) is a popular, quick, easy, and affordable approach for the measurement of antioxidant properties that includes the use of the free radicals used for assessing the potential of substances to serve as hydrogen providers or free-radical scavengers (FRS). The technique of DPPH testing is associated with the elimination of DPPH, which would be a stabilized free radical. The free-radical DPPH interacts with an odd electron to yield a strong absorbance at 517 nm, i.e., a purple hue. An FRS antioxidant, for example, reacts to DPPH to form DPPHH, which has a lower absorbance than DPPH because of the lower amount of hydrogen. It is radical in comparison to the DPPH-H form, because it causes decolorization, or a yellow hue, as the number of electrons absorbed increases. Decolorization affects the lowering capacity significantly. As soon as the DPPH solutions are combined with the hydrogen atom source, the lower state of diphenylpicrylhydrazine is formed, shedding its violet color. To explain the processes behind the DPPH tests, as well as their applicability to Ficus religiosa (F. religiosa) in the manufacture of metal oxide nanoparticles, in particular MgO, and their influence on antioxidants, a specimen from the test was chosen for further study. According to our findings, F. religiosa has antioxidant qualities and may be useful in the treatment of disorders caused by free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddartha Baliyan
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat 131029, Haryana, India; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (A.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Riya Mukherjee
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat 131029, Haryana, India; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (A.V.); (A.G.)
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Anjali Priyadarshini
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat 131029, Haryana, India; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (A.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat 131029, Haryana, India; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (A.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Archana Gupta
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat 131029, Haryana, India; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (A.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat 131029, Haryana, India; (S.B.); (R.M.); (A.P.); (A.V.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.P.P.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (R.P.P.); (C.-M.C.)
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Fidan M, Ali MM, Erez ME, Cigerci IH, Ozdemir S, Sen F. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and protective effects of truffles. Anal Biochem 2022; 641:114566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Dincer B, Cinar I, Yayla M, Toktay E. Evaluation of the protective effects of gossypin for ischemia/reperfusion injury in ovary tissue. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 48:748-756. [PMID: 34931736 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious gynecological condition that affects women of reproductive age and reduces ovarian reserve. Management of I/R injury with detorsion causes reperfusion damage, in which oxidative stress plays a central role. This study aimed to investigate whether the gossypin (GOS) with antioxidant properties, a flavonoid, has beneficial effects on the biochemical, molecular, and histopathological aspects of ovarian I/R injury. METHODS Thirty-three female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Healthy (Sham-operated control group), I/R (IR group), I/R + GOS 5 (I/R with GOS 5 mg/kg), I/R + GOS 10 (I/R with GOS 10 mg/kg), and I/R + GOS 20 (I/R with GOS 20 mg/kg). This was followed by 3 h of ischemia and subsequent reperfusion for 3 h after detorsion was exposed. GOS was injected 2 h before reperfusion. RESULTS IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and CASP-3 mRNA expressions, SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity, GSH (glutathione), and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels, and histopathological changes were evaluated in ovarian tissue. Histological examination indicated that treatment of ovarian I/R injury with GOS led to the improvement of ovarian tissue, which was accompanied by an increase in SOD activity and GSH level and a decrease in MDA level, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expressions. GOS was also corrected by reducing the elevated expression of CASP-3 as apoptosis-change marker. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the treatment of GOS may be useful as a conservative approach to reverse I/R injury via amelioration of oxidative stress parameters and histopathological scores, attenuation of inflammation, and the suppression of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Dincer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Irfan Cinar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yayla
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Erdem Toktay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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LC-MS Based Analysis and Biological Properties of Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Schweinf.) Harms Extracts: A Valuable Source of Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101570. [PMID: 34679706 PMCID: PMC8533236 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of two extraction solvents on the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and enzymes inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of two parts (leaves and stem bark) of P. kotschyi was studied. Two different LC-DAD-MSn approaches were used to identify and quantify the bioactive compounds in the different extracts. A total of thirty-two compounds were quantified, being the procyanidin the most abundant in stem bark while catechin and flavonoids are most abundant in leaves. Overall, the stem bark extraction using methanol showed higher amounts of total phenolic (131.83 ± 1.81 mg GAE/g) and flavanol (14.14 ± 0.11 mg CE/g) while the leaves extraction using water exhibited stronger levels of total flavonoid (44.95 ± 0.38 mg RE/g) and phenolic acid (63.58 ± 2.00 mg CAE/g). As regards the antioxidant assays, methanol stem bark extracts were characterized by the highest antioxidant activities (DPPH: 1.94 ± 0.01 mmol TE/g, ABTS: 3.31 ± 0.01 mmol TE/g, FRAP: 2.86 ± 0.02 mmol TE/g, CUPRAC: 5.09 ± 0.08 mmol TE/g, phosphomolybdenum: 5.16 ± 0.23 mmol TE/g and metal chelating: 17.12 ± 0.46 mg EDTAE/g). In addition, the methanolic extracts of stem bark had highest impact on acetylcholinesterase (2.54 mg GALAE/g), butyrylcholinesterase (5.48 mg GALAE/g). In contrast, the methanolic extracts of leaves was potent against tyrosinase (77.39 ± 0.21 mg KAE/g) and α-glucosidase (0.97 ± 0.01 mmol ACAE/g), while a higher anti-α–amylase (0.97 ± 0.01 mmol ACAE/g) was observed for water extracts of the same part. All of the tested extracts showed inhibitory effects on elastase, except methanolic leaves extracts. Additionally, the extracts exhibited appreciable antifungal toward A. ochraceus, A. fumigatus, P. ochrochloron, T. viride, and P. funiculosum and promising antibacterial activity against M. flavus, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, and S. typhimurium. Taken together, the outcomes demonstrated P. kotschyi as a novel source of bioactive molecules of interest with an evident therapeutic value.
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15
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Espinosa-González AM, Estrella-Parra EA, Nolasco-Ontiveros E, García-Bores AM, García-Hernández R, López-Urrutia E, Campos-Contreras JE, González-Valle MDR, Benítez-Flores JDC, Céspedes-Acuña CL, Alarcón-Enos J, Rivera-Cabrera JC, Avila-Acevedo JG. Hyptis mociniana: phytochemical fingerprint and photochemoprotective effect against UV-B radiation-induced erythema and skin carcinogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 151:112095. [PMID: 33689855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a public health problem due to its high incidence. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the main etiological agent of this disease. Photochemoprotection involves the use of substances to avoid damage caused by UV exposure. The aim of this work was to determine the phytochemical fingerprint and photochemoprotective effect against UVB radiation-induced skin damage such as erythema and carcinogenesis of H. mociniana methanolic extract (MEHm). The chemical composition of the MEHm was analysed by LC/ESI-MS/MS. Three quercetin derivatives, two pectinolides, and two caffeic acid derivatives were identified in the methanolic extract. MEHm has antioxidant effect and it is not cytotoxic in HaCaT cells. Phytochemicals from H. mociniana have a photochemopreventive effect because they absorb UV light and protect HaCaT cells from UVR-induced cell death. Also, in SKH-1 mice -acute exposure-, it decreased erythema formation, modulating the inflammatory response, reduced the skin damage according to histological analysis and diminished p53 expression. Finally, MEHm protects from photocarcinogenesis by reducing the incidence and multiplicity of skin carcinomas in SKH-1 mice exposed chronically to UVB radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Espinosa-González
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - E A Estrella-Parra
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - E Nolasco-Ontiveros
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - A M García-Bores
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - R García-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - E López-Urrutia
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional Del Cáncer, UBIMED, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - J E Campos-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Molecular, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - M Del R González-Valle
- Laboratorio de Histología, UMF, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - J Del C Benítez-Flores
- Laboratorio de Histología, UMF, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
| | - C L Céspedes-Acuña
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica-Ecológica, Grupo de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Naturales Bioactivos, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Del Bio Bio, Avenida Andrés Bello, 3780000, Chillan, Chile.
| | - J Alarcón-Enos
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica-Ecológica, Grupo de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Naturales Bioactivos, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Del Bio Bio, Avenida Andrés Bello, 3780000, Chillan, Chile.
| | - J C Rivera-Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía de Líquidos, Departamento de Farmacología, Escuela Médico Militar, Cda, Palomas s/n, Lomas de San Isidro, 11200, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - J G Avila-Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De Los Barrios No.1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México.
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Veeraraghavan VP, Hussain S, Papayya Balakrishna J, Dhawale L, Kullappan M, Mallavarapu Ambrose J, Krishna Mohan S. A Comprehensive and Critical Review on Ethnopharmacological Importance of Desert Truffles: Terfezia claveryi, Terfezia boudieri, and Tirmania nivea. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1889581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Sardar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Government Science College, Chitradurga, India
| | | | - Lavina Dhawale
- Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Bangalore, India
| | - Malathi Kullappan
- Department of Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | | | - Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Skills & Simulation and Department of Research, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, India
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Investigation on water soluble copper(II) mono-anionic glutamate complexes with planar aromatic ligands: synthesis, crystal structures, biomacromolecular interactions and radical scavenging activities. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dural E, Shah UK, Pritchard D, Chapman KE, Doak SH, Jenkins GJS. The effect of chronic dosing and p53 status on the genotoxicity of pro-oxidant chemicals in vitro. Mutagenesis 2020; 35:479-489. [PMID: 33259605 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have studied the cytotoxicity and genotoxic potency of 3 pro-oxidants; H2O2, menadione and KBrO3 in different dosing scenarios, namely acute (1-day dosing) and chronic (5-days). For this purpose, relative population doubling (RPD%) and mononucleated micronucleus (MN) test were used. TK6 cells and NH32 were employed in in vitro experiments. In the study, the total acute dose was divided into 5 days for each prooxidant chemicals by dose fractionation (1/5th per day) method. Acute dosing was compared to chronic dosing. The oxidative stress caused by the exposure of cells with pro-oxidant chemicals to the cells was determined by an optimized 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFHDA) test method. The antioxidant levels of the cell lines were altered with buthionine sulfoxide (BSO) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and the effect of antioxidant capacity on the MN formation in the cells was observed with this method. In the case of H2O2 and menadione, fractional dosing has been observed to result in lower toxicity and lower genotoxicity. But in the case of KBrO3, unlike the other 2 pro-oxidants, higher MN induction was observed with fractionated doses. DCFHDA test clearly demonstrated ROS induction with H2O2 and menadione but not with KBrO3. Unexpectedly, DCFHDA test demonstrated that KBrO3 did not cause an increase ROS levels in both acute and chronic dosing, suggesting an alternative ROS induction mechanism. It was also observed that, treatment with BSO and NAC, caused increasing and decreasing of MN fold change respectively, allowing further ROS specific mechanisms to be explored. Hence, dose fractionation expectedly caused less MN, cytotoxicity and ROS formation with H2O2 and menadione exposure, but not with KBrO3. This implies a unique mechanism of action for KBrO3 induced genotoxicity. Chronic dosing in vitro may be a valuable approach allowing better understanding of how chemicals damage DNA and pose human hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Dural
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ume-Kulsoom Shah
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Demi Pritchard
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Katherine Emma Chapman
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Shareen Heather Doak
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
| | - Gareth James Scott Jenkins
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K
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Ciudad-Mulero M, Matallana-González MC, Cámara M, Fernández-Ruiz V, Morales P. Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Pulses and their Relation to Human Health: A Review. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1880-1897. [PMID: 32013818 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200203130150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pulses are a staple food cultivated since ancient times, which play an important role in the human diet. From a nutritional point of view, pulses are very interesting foods as they are rich in proteins, carbohydrates and dietary fibre. Dietary antioxidants are a complex mixture of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds usually present in foods of plant origin, including pulses. In the present study, the phytochemical composition of selected pulses (common beans, fava beans, lentils, chickpeas, peas and lupins) has been reviewed in terms of their content of antioxidant compounds. The content of hydrosoluble antioxidants (organic acids, phenolic compounds), liposoluble antioxidants (tocopherols, carotenoids) and other compounds which exert antioxidant properties, such as dietary fibre and minerals (zinc, selenium), has been studied, reporting that pulses are an interesting source of these compounds, which have important health benefits, including a preventing role in cardiovascular diseases, anticarcinogenic or neuroprotective properties. It is important to take into account that pulses are not usually consumed raw, but they must be processed before consumption in order to improve their nutritional quality and their palatability, therefore, the effect of different technological and heat treatments (germination, cooking, boiling, extrusion) on the antioxidant compounds present in pulses has been also reviewed. In this regard, it has been observed that as a consequence of processing, the content of phytochemicals with antioxidant properties is usually decreased, but processed pulses maintain relevant amounts of these compounds, preserving their beneficial health effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ciudad-Mulero
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal, s/n. E- 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Cruz Matallana-González
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal, s/n. E- 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montaña Cámara
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal, s/n. E- 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal, s/n. E- 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Morales
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal, s/n. E- 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Abd Razak DL, Jamaluddin A, Abd Rashid NY, Sani NA, Abdul Manan M. Assessment of Cosmeceutical Potentials of Selected Mushroom Fruitbody Extracts Through Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Hyaluronidase and Anti-Tyrosinase Activity. J 2020; 3:329-342. [DOI: 10.3390/j3030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cosmeceutical formulations containing naturally derived active ingredients are currently preferred by consumers worldwide. Mushrooms are one of the potential sources for cosmeceutical ingredients but relevant research is still lacking. In this study, hot- and cold-water extractions were performed on four locally-cultivated mushrooms—Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Auricularia polytricha and Schizophyllum commune—with the aim to assess the cosmeceutical potential of these mushroom fruitbody extracts. Total phenolics, polysaccharide and glucan content were determined. Antioxidant property of the mushroom extracts was assessed by determining the DPPH radical scavenging, ferric-reducing (FRAP) and superoxide anion (SOA) scavenging activity. Anti-hyaluronidase activity was used as an indicator for the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory property, while anti-tyrosinase activity was evaluated to assess the anti-pigmentation or whitening property of these extracts. Our results showed that total polysaccharide content of P. ostreatus extracts was the highest (235.8–253.6 mg GE/g extract), while extracts from G. lucidum contained the lowest glucan (10.12–10.67%). Cold-water extract from S. commune exhibited substantial tyrosinase inhibition activity (98.15%) and SOA scavenging activity (94.82%). The greatest hyaluronidase activity was exhibited by G. lucidum hot-water extract, with the value of 72.78%. The findings from the correlation analyses suggest that the cosmeceutical properties of these mushrooms can be attributed mainly to the combination of different types of compound such as polysaccharides and phenolics. Overall, cold-water extract of S. commune and hot-water extract of G. lucidum showed the best results and may be further investigated.
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Identification of Interleukin-8-Reducing Lead Compounds Based on SAR Studies on Dihydrochalcone-Related Compounds in Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells) In Vitro. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061382. [PMID: 32197426 PMCID: PMC7144391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In order to identify potential activities against periodontal diseases, eighteen dihydrochalcones and structurally related compounds were tested in an established biological in vitro cell model of periodontal inflammation using human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells). Methods: Subsequently to co-incubation of HGF-1 cells with a bacterial endotoxin (Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide, pgLPS) and each individual dihydrochalcone in a concentration range of 1 µM to 100 µM, gene expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) was determined by qPCR and cellular interleukin-8 (IL-8) release by ELISA. Results: Structure–activity analysis based on the dihydrochalcone backbone and various substitution patterns at its aromatic ring revealed moieties 2′,4,4′,6′-tetrahydroxy 3-methoxydihydrochalcone (7) to be the most effective anti-inflammatory compound, reducing the pgLPS-induced IL-8 release concentration between 1 µM and 100 µM up to 94%. In general, a 2,4,6-trihydroxy substitution at the A-ring and concomitant vanilloyl (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy) pattern at the B-ring revealed to be preferable for IL-8 release inhibition. Furthermore, the introduction of an electronegative atom in the A,B-linker chain led to an increased anti-inflammatory activity, shown by the potency of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid N-vanillylamide (13). Conclusions: Our data may be feasible to be used for further lead structure designs for the development of potent anti-inflammatory additives in oral care products.
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Sotler R, Poljšak B, Dahmane R, Jukić T, Pavan Jukić D, Rotim C, Trebše P, Starc A. PROOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON HEALTH. Acta Clin Croat 2019; 58:726-736. [PMID: 32595258 PMCID: PMC7314298 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2019.58.04.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article is focused on the impact of antioxidants and prooxidants on health with emphasis on the type of antioxidants that should be taken. Medical researchers suggest that diet may be the solution for the control of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular complications, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and different cancers. In this survey, we found scientific evidence that the use of antioxidants should be limited only to the cases where oxidative stress has been identified. This is often the case of specific population groups such as postmenopausal women, the elderly, infants, workers exposed to environmental pollutants, and the obese. Before starting any supplementation, it is necessary to measure oxidative stress and to identify and eliminate the possible sources of free radicals and thus increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Borut Poljšak
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Raja Dahmane
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomislav Jukić
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Doroteja Pavan Jukić
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Cecilija Rotim
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Polonca Trebše
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Starc
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Nursing, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Health Ecology and Control, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Internal Medicine, Family Medicine and History of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek, Croatia; 6Dr Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia; 7Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Department of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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23
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Boonruang S, Prakobsri K, Pouyfung P, Prasopthum A, Rongnoparut P, Sarapusit S. Structure-activity relationship and in vitro inhibition of human cytochrome CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 by flavonoids. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:630-639. [PMID: 31578905 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1675101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is one of the major risk factors of various diseases including respiratory diseases and lung cancer. While the liver-specific CYP2A6 is associated with the nicotine clearance and smoking addiction, the metabolic activation of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine by lung-specific CYP2A13 can lead to lung tumorigenesis.It has been reported that inhibition of CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 enzymes by flavonoids constituents could be an aids in smoking cessation. This study demonstrates the inhibition activity of kaempferol and myricetin and the structure-function relationship of these two flavonoids and previously isolated flavonoids from Vernonia cinerea and Pluchea indica against both enzymes.Kaempferol could inhibit CYP2A6 with Kic value of 1.77 ± 0.47 µM while inhibit CYP2A13 with Kic value of 0.12 ± 0.01 µM. Myricetin could inhibit CYP2A6 with Kic value of 4.06 ± 0.52 µM while inhibit CYP2A13 with Kic value of 1.88 ± 0.03 µM.Molecular docking indicated that CYP2A13 enzyme has strong hydrophobic interaction with ring B of flavonoids compared to CYP2A6 enzyme. The presence of the hydroxyl group at C3 position of ring C and the hydroxyl group at C5' of ring B affected inhibitory activity on both enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supattra Boonruang
- Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Program, Burapha University, Muang, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Khanistha Prakobsri
- Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Program, Burapha University, Muang, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Phisit Pouyfung
- Department of Community Public Health, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Aruna Prasopthum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpimol Rongnoparut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Songklod Sarapusit
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Unit of Natural Bioactive Compounds for Healthcare Products Development, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Muang, Chonburi, Thailand.,Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Muang, Chonburi, Thailand
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24
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Kehili M, Sayadi S, Frikha F, Zammel A, Allouche N. Optimization of lycopene extraction from tomato peels industrial by-product using maceration in refined olive oil. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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25
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Abstract
The free radical theory of ageing (FRTA), presented by Denham Harman in 1950s, proposed that aerobic organisms age due to reactive oxygen species (ROS)/free radical induced damage that accumulates in cells over time. Since antioxidants can neutralize free radicals by electron donation, the most logical approach was to use them as supplements in order to prevent ageing. In this chapter, we will discuss the inability of antioxidant supplementation to improve health and longevity.Although many antioxidants are efficient free radical quenchers in vitro, their in vivo effects are less clear. Recent evidence from human trials implies that antioxidant supplements do not increase lifespan and can even increase the incidence of diseases. Synthetic antioxidants were unable to consistently prevent ROS-induced damage in vivo, possibly as dietary antioxidants may not act only as ROS scavengers. Antioxidants can have dichotomous roles on ROS production. They are easily oxidized and can act as oxidants to induce damage when present in large concentrations. In appropriate amounts, they can modulate cellular metabolism by induction of cell stress responses and/or activate cell damage repair and maintenance systems. Therefore, the antioxidants' beneficial role may be reversed/prevented by excessive amounts of antioxidant supplements. On the other hand, ROS are also involved in many important physiological processes in humans, such as induction of stress responses, pathogen defence, and systemic signalling. Thus, both "anti-oxidative or reductive stress" (the excess of antioxidants) as well as oxidative stress (the excess of ROS) can be damaging and contribute to the ageing processes.
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26
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Ontiveros M, Rinaldi D, Marder M, Espelt MV, Mangialavori I, Vigil M, Rossi JP, Ferreira-Gomes M. Natural flavonoids inhibit the plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:1-11. [PMID: 31071329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research on flavonoids from plant sources has recently sparked increasing interest because of their beneficial health properties. Different studies have shown that flavonoids change the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis linked to alterations in the function of mitochondria, Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ pumps. These findings hint at plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) involvement, as it transports Ca2+ actively to the extracellular medium coupled to ATP hydrolysis, thus maintaining ion cellular homeostasis. The present study aims to investigate the effect of several natural flavonoids on PMCA both in isolated protein systems and in living cells, and to establish the relationship between flavonoid structure and inhibitory activity on PMCA. Our results show that natural flavonoids inhibited purified and membranous PMCA with different effectiveness: quercetin and gossypin were the most potent and their inhibition mechanisms seem to be different, as quercetin does not prevent ATP binding whereas gossypin does. Moreover, PMCA activity was inhibited in human embryonic kidney cells which transiently overexpress PMCA, suggesting that the effects observed on isolated systems could occur in a complex structure like a living cell. In conclusion, this work reveals a novel molecular mechanism through which flavonoids inhibit PMCA, which leads to Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling alterations in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ontiveros
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Rinaldi
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Marder
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M V Espelt
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - I Mangialavori
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Vigil
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J P Rossi
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M Ferreira-Gomes
- IQUIFIB - Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas, Conicet/UBA, Junín 956 (1113) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Abd Razak DL, Mohd Fadzil NH, Jamaluddin A, Abd Rashid NY, Sani NA, Abdul Manan M. Effects of different extracting conditions on anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities of Schizophyllum commune fruit bodies. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Yedjou CG, Mbemi AT, Noubissi F, Tchounwou SS, Tsabang N, Payton M, Miele L, Tchounwou PB. Prostate Cancer Disparity, Chemoprevention, and Treatment by Specific Medicinal Plants. Nutrients 2019; 11:E336. [PMID: 30720759 PMCID: PMC6412894 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in men. The global burden of this disease is rising. Its incidence and mortality rates are higher in African American (AA) men compared to white men and other ethnic groups. The treatment decisions for PC are based exclusively on histological architecture, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and local disease state. Despite advances in screening for and early detection of PC, a large percentage of men continue to be diagnosed with metastatic disease including about 20% of men affected with a high mortality rate within the African American population. As such, this population group may benefit from edible natural products that are safe with a low cost. Hence, the central goal of this article is to highlight PC disparity associated with nutritional factors and highlight chemo-preventive agents from medicinal plants that are more likely to reduce PC. To reach this central goal, we searched the PubMed Central database and the Google Scholar website for relevant papers. Our search results revealed that there are significant improvements in PC statistics among white men and other ethnic groups. However, its mortality rate remains significantly high among AA men. In addition, there are limited studies that have addressed the benefits of medicinal plants as chemo-preventive agents for PC treatment, especially among AA men. This review paper addresses this knowledge gap by discussing PC disparity associated with nutritional factors and highlighting the biomedical significance of three medicinal plants (curcumin, garlic, and Vernonia amygdalina) that show a great potential to prevent/treat PC, as well as to reduce its incidence/prevalence and mortality, improve survival rate, and reduce PC-related health disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement G Yedjou
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Ariane T Mbemi
- Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Laboratory, NIH/NIMHD RCMI-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Felicite Noubissi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Solange S Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, 214 Shoemaker Hall, P.O. Box 1848, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Nole Tsabang
- Department of Animal Biology, Higher Institute of Environmental Sciences, Yaounde P.O.Box 16317, Cameroon.
| | - Marinelle Payton
- Center of Excellence in Minority Health and Health Disparities, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson Medical Mall-Thad Cochran Center, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Avenue, Jackson, MS 39213, USA.
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 533 Bolivar Street, Room 657, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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Yanxiao G, Mei T, Gang G, Xiaochun W, Jianxiang L. Changes of 8-OHdG and TrxR in the Residents Who Bathe in Radon Hot Springs. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325818820974. [PMID: 30670939 PMCID: PMC6327335 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818820974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the effects of long-term bathing in radon hot springs on oxidative damage and antioxidation function in humans. In this study, blood was collected from residents in the Pingshan radon hot spring area (RHSA), Jiangzha RHSA, and control area (CA). 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), representing oxidation and antioxidant levels, respectively, were analyzed as indices. Compared to the CA group, the RHSA group in the Pingshan and Jiangzha areas showed significantly decreased 8-OHdG levels (Z = -3.350, -3.316, respectively, P < .05) and increased TrxR levels (Z = 2.394, 3.773, respectively, P < .05). The RHSA and CA groups in Jiangzha had lower levels of TrxR and 8-OHdG compared to those in Pingshan. This finding may be related to the different radon concentration levels, bathing time and other factors. Results suggested that long-term bathing in radon hot spring may activate antioxidant function and reduce oxidative damage in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Yanxiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Department of Radiation Epidemiology, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Mei
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Department of Radiation Epidemiology, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Gao Gang
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Department of Radiation Epidemiology, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Xiaochun
- Beijing Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Jianxiang
- Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, Department of Radiation Epidemiology, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Nolte TM, Peijnenburg WJGM. Use of quantum-chemical descriptors to analyse reaction rate constants between organic chemicals and superoxide/hydroperoxyl (O2•−/HO2•). Free Radic Res 2018; 52:1118-1131. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1529867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom M. Nolte
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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31
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Gothai S, Muniandy K, Gnanaraj C, Ibrahim IAA, Shahzad N, Al-Ghamdi SS, Ayoub N, Veeraraghavan VP, Kumar SS, Esa NM, Arulselvan P. Pharmacological insights into antioxidants against colorectal cancer: A detailed review of the possible mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1514-1522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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32
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Antioxidants from Plants Protect against Skin Photoaging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1454936. [PMID: 30174780 PMCID: PMC6098906 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1454936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to UV light triggers the rapid generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skin cells, with consequent increase in oxidative stress and thus in photoaging. Exogenous supplementation with dietary antioxidants and/or skin pretreatment with antioxidant-based lotions before sun exposure might be a winning strategy against age-related skin pathologies. In this context, plants produce many secondary metabolites to protect themselves from UV radiations and these compounds can also protect the skin from photoaging. Phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and carotenoids, derived from different plant species, are able to protect the skin by preventing UV penetration, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, and influencing several survival signalling pathways. In this review, we focus our attention on the double role of oxidants in cell metabolism and on environmental and xenobiotic agents involved in skin photoaging. Moreover, we discuss the protective role of dietary antioxidants from fruits and vegetables and report their antiaging properties related to the reduction of oxidative stress pathways.
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An Antioxidant Potential, Quantum-Chemical and Molecular Docking Study of the Major Chemical Constituents Present in the Leaves of Curatella americana Linn. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11030072. [PMID: 30036950 PMCID: PMC6161303 DOI: 10.3390/ph11030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated in the normal biological systems, primarily by enzymes as xanthine oxidase (XO). The inappropriate scavenging or inhibition of ROS has been considered to be linked with aging, inflammatory disorders, and chronic diseases. Therefore, many plants and their products have been investigated as natural antioxidants for their potential use in preventive medicine. The leaves and bark extracts of Curatella americana Linn. were described in scientific research as anti-inflammatory, vasodilator, anti-ulcerogenic, and hypolipidemic effects. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of leaf hydroalcoholic extract from C. americana (HECA) through the scavenging DPPH assay and their main chemical constituents, evaluated by the following quantum chemical approaches (DFT B3LYP/6-31G**): Maps of Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP), Frontier Orbital’s (HOMO and LUMO) followed by multivariate analysis and molecular docking simulations with the xanthine oxidase enzyme. The hydroalcoholic extract showed significant antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging probably due to the great presence of flavonoids, which were grouped in the PCA and HCA analysis with the standard gallic acid. In the molecular docking study, the compounds studied presented the binding free energy (ΔG) values close each other, due to the similar interactions with amino acids residues at the activity site. The descriptors Gap and softness were important to characterize the molecules with antioxidant potential by capturing oxygen radicals.
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Brito FN, Vendramin FS, Lopes CTDA, Costa MPR, Ohashi OM, Maia JGS, Ferreira LM, Silva JKDRD, Miranda MDS. Proliferation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells stimulated by oil rich in thymol of Lippia origanoides. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 33:431-438. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180050000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Zykova MV, Schepetkin IA, Belousov MV, Krivoshchekov SV, Logvinova LA, Bratishko KA, Yusubov MS, Romanenko SV, Quinn MT. Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Humic Acids Isolated from Peat of Various Origins. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040753. [PMID: 29587351 PMCID: PMC6017172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although humic acids (HAs) from peat exhibit various therapeutic properties, there is little information available concerning their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. To address this issue, nine different types of peat, including oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and minerotrophic peat samples, were used for isolation of HA fractions by basic (HAb) and pyrophosphate (HAp) extractions. Physical parameters of the HAs were analyzed by UV-Vis, fluorescent, infrared (IR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Average Mr of the fractions ranged from 17.2 to 39.7 kDa, while their humification index (HIX) varied from 0.49 to 1.21. HAp fractions had a higher content of aromatic structures compared to HAb fractions. Moreover, HAp fractions had a significantly higher content of phenolic OH groups (3.6 ± 0.5 mmol/g) versus HAb (3.1 ± 0.5 mmol/g). All HA fractions exhibited antioxidant activity in radical scavenging and electrochemical assays, and their EPR signal had a single line with g = 2.0035, which is consistent with semiquinone type radicals. Furthermore, the HIX was found to be important in determining the number of semiquinone-type free radicals in the HA structures. Overall, these data provide a molecular basis to explain at least part of the beneficial therapeutic properties of peat-derived HAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Zykova
- Department of Chemistry, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Michael V Belousov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Krivoshchekov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Technologies, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Lyudmila A Logvinova
- Department of Chemistry, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Kristina A Bratishko
- Department of Chemistry, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Mekhman S Yusubov
- Department of Chemistry, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Technologies, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Romanenko
- Department of Chemistry, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
- Research School of Chemical and Biomedical Technologies, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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Lalhminghlui K, Jagetia GC. Evaluation of the free-radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of Chilauni, Schima wallichii Korth in vitro. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO272. [PMID: 29379645 PMCID: PMC5778377 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Free radicals are an outcome of various metabolic activities and their excess production leads to many diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to neutralize excess free radicals. MATERIALS & METHODS Free-radical scavenging activity of various extracts of Schima wallichii was evaluated using standard protocols. RESULTS Chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of S. wallichii scavenged DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide, nitric oxide and ABTS free radicals and increased ferric-reducing antioxidant potential in a concentration-dependent manner. A total of 1000 μg/ml of all the extracts and ethanol extract showed highest total flavonoids and phenol contents, respectively. CONCLUSION The different extracts of S. wallichii scavenged different free radicals efficiently due to the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols and may be helpful in free radical-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lalhminghlui
- Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl-796 004 Mizoram, India
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Protective effect of flavonoids from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:392-399. [PMID: 29337229 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja (C. paliurus), known locally as 'sweet tea tree', is commonly cultivated in China. Flavonoids from Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja (FC) is reported to exhibit multiple biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activities. However, their influence on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of total flavonoids from C. paliurus leaves. Results revealed that flavonoids from C. paliurus significantly decreased CCl4-induced elevation of activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and markedly increased the levels of SOD, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) compared with the model group. Structures of mainly compounds were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) spectroscopic and chemical analyses. This study clearly shows that flavonoids from C. paliurus exert a potent protective effect against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice. Its hepatoprotective effect appears to be closely associated with its antioxidant activity. The results indicated that flavonoids from C. paliurus leaves could be considered as a potent food supplement in the prevention of acute liver injury.
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Smetanska I. Sustainable Production of Polyphenols and Antioxidants by Plant In Vitro Cultures. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54600-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Comparative Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Modulating and DNA Protective Activities of Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts of Acacia catechu. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4030065. [PMID: 28930279 PMCID: PMC5622400 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Plant-derived bioactive compounds are becoming immensely important as potential drugs. Different solvents are being used for extraction of these phytochemicals. Evaluation of biological activities of aqueous plant extracts is important as water soluble compounds would be more beneficial with respect to certification, safety and commercial issues. Oxidative stress is involved in development of many diseases; therefore, antioxidants are now being looked upon as convincing therapeutics against such diseases. Natural antioxidants are in high demand because of their lesser side effects. This study aims to compare the antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Acacia catechu—a traditional medicinal plant. Methods: The activity was examined using different in vitro systems including radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and inhibition of •OH radical induced DNA damage using standard protocols. Results: Both aqueous and methanolic extracts of Acacia catechu show significant activities with no differences in the efficacies of water and methanol soluble bioactive compounds. Conclusions: Present study revealed that aqueous extract of A. catechu has equal potential to be used as antioxidants as compared to methanolic extract. This can contribute to increased demand of physiologically compatible bioactive compounds of natural origin.
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40
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Torre E. Molecular signaling mechanisms behind polyphenol-induced bone anabolism. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2017; 16:1183-1226. [PMID: 29200988 PMCID: PMC5696504 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-017-9529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
For millennia, in the different cultures all over the world, plants have been extensively used as a source of therapeutic agents with wide-ranging medicinal applications, thus becoming part of a rational clinical and pharmacological investigation over the years. As bioactive molecules, plant-derived polyphenols have been demonstrated to exert many effects on human health by acting on different biological systems, thus their therapeutic potential would represent a novel approach on which natural product-based drug discovery and development could be based in the future. Many reports have provided evidence for the benefits derived from the dietary supplementation of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Polyphenols are able to protect the bone, thanks to their antioxidant properties, as well as their anti-inflammatory actions by involving diverse signaling pathways, thus leading to bone anabolic effects and decreased bone resorption. This review is meant to summarize the research works performed so far, by elucidating the molecular mechanisms of action of polyphenols in a bone regeneration context, aiming at a better understanding of a possible application in the development of medical devices for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Torre
- Nobil Bio Ricerche srl, Via Valcastellana, 26, 14037 Portacomaro, AT Italy
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41
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Valls J, Agnolet S, Haas F, Struffi I, Ciesa F, Robatscher P, Oberhuber M. Valorization of Lagrein grape pomace as a source of phenolic compounds: analysis of the contents of anthocyanins, flavanols and antioxidant activity. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-2923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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An Investigation on the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Diterpenoid Alkaloids. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030363. [PMID: 28264454 PMCID: PMC6155234 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenoid alkaloids are extracted from plants. These compounds have broad biological activities, including effects on the cardiovascular system, anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions, and anti-tumor activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and experimental trauma in rats. The number of studies focused on the determination, quantitation and pharmacological properties of these alkaloids has increased dramatically during the past few years. In this work we built a dataset composed of 15 diterpenoid alkaloid compounds with diverse structures, of which 11 compounds were included in the training set and the remaining compounds were included in the test set. The quantitative chemistry parameters of the 15 diterpenoid alkaloids compound were calculated using the HyperChem software, and the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of these diterpenoid alkaloid compounds were assessed in an anti-inflammation model based on half maximal effective concentration (EC50) measurements obtained from rat paw edema data. The QSAR prediction model is as follows: log ( E C 50 ) = - 0.0260 × SAA + 0.0086 × SAG + 0.0011 × VOL - 0.0641 × HE - 0.2628 × LogP - 0.5594 × REF - 0.2211 × POL - 0.1964 × MASS + 0.088 × BE + 0.1398 × HF (R² = 0.981, Q² = 0.92). The validated consensus EC50 for the QSAR model, developed from the rat paw edema anti-inflammation model used in this study, indicate that this model was capable of effective prediction and can be used as a reliable computational predictor of diterpenoid alkaloid activity.
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Peerannawar S, Horton W, Kokel A, Török F, Török M, Török B. Theoretical and experimental analysis of the antioxidant features of diarylhydrazones. Struct Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-016-0867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Naso L, Martínez VR, Lezama L, Salado C, Valcarcel M, Ferrer EG, Williams PAM. Antioxidant, anticancer activities and mechanistic studies of the flavone glycoside diosmin and its oxidovanadium(IV) complex. Interactions with bovine serum albumin. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4108-4119. [PMID: 27374881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The natural antioxidant flavonoid diosmin, found in citric fruits, showed low antioxidant properties among other flavonoids due to its structural characteristics and low cytotoxicity against lung (A549) and breast (T47D, SKBR3 and MDAMB231) cancer cell lines. The anticancer behavior has been improved by the metal complex generated with the flavonoid and the oxidovanadium(IV) ion. This new complex, [VO(dios)(OH)3]Na5·6H2O (VOdios), has been synthesized and characterized both in solid and solution states. The interaction of the metal ion through the sugar moiety of diosmin precluded the improvement of the antioxidant effects. However, the cell-killing effects tested in human lung A549 and breast T47D, SKBR3 and MDAMB231 cancer cell lines, were enhanced by complexation. The anti-proliferative effects on the human lung cancer cell line were accompanied by cellular ROS generation and an increase in cytoplasm condensation. The breast cancer cell lines did not produce caspase3/7 activation, mitochondrial potential reduction and ROS generation. Therefore, a non-apoptotic form of cell death in a caspase- and oxidative stress-independent manner has been proposed. The protein binding ability has been monitored by the quenching of tryptophan emission in the presence of the compounds using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. Both compounds could be distributed and transported in vivo and the complex displayed stronger binding affinity and higher contributions to the hydrogen bond and van der Waals forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Naso
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET, UNLP), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465 (62 y 63), 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Valeria R Martínez
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET, UNLP), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465 (62 y 63), 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luis Lezama
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, PO Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; BCMaterials, Parque científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Edificio 500-1, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Clarisa Salado
- Innoprot SL, Parque científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Edificio 502-P1, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - María Valcarcel
- Innoprot SL, Parque científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Edificio 502-P1, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Evelina G Ferrer
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET, UNLP), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465 (62 y 63), 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricia A M Williams
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET, UNLP), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N° 1465 (62 y 63), 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Development of an in Silico Model of DPPH• Free Radical Scavenging Capacity: Prediction of Antioxidant Activity of Coumarin Type Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060881. [PMID: 27338348 PMCID: PMC4926415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study of the 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging ability of 1373 chemical compounds, using DRAGON molecular descriptors (MD) and the neural network technique, a technique based on the multilayer multilayer perceptron (MLP), was developed. The built model demonstrated a satisfactory performance for the training (R2=0.713) and test set (Qext2=0.654), respectively. To gain greater insight on the relevance of the MD contained in the MLP model, sensitivity and principal component analyses were performed. Moreover, structural and mechanistic interpretation was carried out to comprehend the relationship of the variables in the model with the modeled property. The constructed MLP model was employed to predict the radical scavenging ability for a group of coumarin-type compounds. Finally, in order to validate the model’s predictions, an in vitro assay for one of the compounds (4-hydroxycoumarin) was performed, showing a satisfactory proximity between the experimental and predicted pIC50 values.
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Schepetkin IA, Ramstead AG, Kirpotina LN, Voyich JM, Jutila MA, Quinn MT. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols from Epilobium Angustifolium (Fireweed). Phytother Res 2016; 30:1287-97. [PMID: 27215200 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epilobium angustifolium is a medicinal plant used around the world in traditional medicine for the treatment of many disorders and ailments. Experimental studies have demonstrated that Epilobium extracts possess a broad range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-aging properties. Flavonoids and ellagitannins, such as oenothein B, are among the compounds considered to be the primary biologically active components in Epilobium extracts. In this review, we focus on the biological properties and the potential clinical usefulness of oenothein B, flavonoids, and other polyphenols derived from E. angustifolium. Understanding the biochemical properties and therapeutic effects of polyphenols present in E. angustifolium extracts will benefit further development of therapeutic treatments from this plant. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Andrew G Ramstead
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Jovanka M Voyich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mark A Jutila
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
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47
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Treml J, Šmejkal K. Flavonoids as Potent Scavengers of Hydroxyl Radicals. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2016; 15:720-738. [PMID: 33401843 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a fundamental principle in the pathophysiology of many diseases. It occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species exceeds the capacity of the cell defense system. The hydroxyl radical is a reactive oxygen species that is commonly formed in vivo and can cause serious damage to biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It plays a role in inflammation-related diseases, like chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cancer. To overcome excessive oxidative stress and thus to prevent or stop the progression of diseases connected to it, scientists try to combat oxidative stress and to find antioxidant molecules, including those that scavenge hydroxyl radical or diminish its production in inflamed tissues. This article reviews various methods of hydroxyl radical production and scavenging. Further, flavonoids, as natural plant antioxidants and essential component of the human diet, are reviewed as compounds interacting with the production of hydroxyl radicals. The relationship between hydroxyl radical scavenging and the structure of the flavonoids is discussed. The structural elements of the flavonoid molecule most important for hydroxyl radical scavenging are hydroxylation of ring B and a C2-C3 double bond connected with a C-3 hydroxyl group and a C-4 carbonyl group. Hydroxylation of ring A also enhances the activity, as does the presence of gallate and galactouronate moieties as substituents on the flavonoid skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Treml
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Univ. of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Univ. of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
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Abstract
For more than half a century free radical-induced alterations at cellular and organ levels have
been investigated as a probable underlying mechanism of a number of adverse health conditions. Consequently,
significant research efforts have been spent for discovering more effective and potent antioxidants /
free radical scavengers for treatment of these adverse conditions. Being by far the most used antioxidants
among natural and synthetic compounds, mono- and polyphenols have been the focus of both experimental
and computational research on mechanisms of free radical scavenging. Quantum chemical studies have provided
a significant amount of data on mechanisms of reactions between phenolic compounds and free radicals outlining a
number of properties with a key role for the radical scavenging activity and capacity of phenolics. The obtained quantum
chemical parameters together with other molecular descriptors have been used in quantitative structure-activity relationship
(QSAR) analyses for the design of new more effective phenolic antioxidants and for identification of the most useful
natural antioxidant phenolics. This review aims at presenting the state of the art in quantum chemical and QSAR studies
of phenolic antioxidants and at analysing the trends observed in the field in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petko Alov
- Department of QSAR and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. 105 Acad. G. Bonchev St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Mut-Salud N, Álvarez PJ, Garrido JM, Carrasco E, Aránega A, Rodríguez-Serrano F. Antioxidant Intake and Antitumor Therapy: Toward Nutritional Recommendations for Optimal Results. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:6719534. [PMID: 26682013 PMCID: PMC4670692 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6719534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of the induction of oxidative stress as the mechanism of action of many antitumor drugs is acquiring an increasing interest. In such cases, the antitumor therapy success may be conditioned by the antioxidants present in our own body, which can be synthesized de novo (endogenous) or incorporated through the diet and nutritional supplements (exogenous). In this paper, we have reviewed different aspects of antioxidants, including their classification, natural sources, importance in diet, consumption of nutritional supplements, and the impact of antioxidants on health. Moreover, we have focused especially on the study of the interaction between antioxidants and antitumor therapy, considering both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this regard, we found that the convenience of administration of antioxidants during cancer treatment still remains a very controversial issue. In general terms, antioxidants could promote or suppress the effectiveness of antitumor treatment and even protect healthy tissues against damage induced by oxidative stress. The effects may depend on many factors discussed in the paper. These factors should be taken into consideration in order to achieve precise nutritional recommendations for patients. The evidence at the moment suggests that the supplementation or restriction of exogenous antioxidants during cancer treatment, as appropriate, could contribute to improving its efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Mut-Salud
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Juan Álvarez
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Garrido
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Virgen de las Nieves Hospital, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Carrasco
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonia Aránega
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Stereospecific inhibition of nitric oxide production in macrophage cells by flavanonols: Synthesis and the structure–activity relationship. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6922-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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