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Kamzeeva P, Petushkov I, Knizhnik E, Snoeck R, Khodarovich Y, Ryabukhina E, Alferova V, Eshtukov-Shcheglov A, Belyaev E, Svetlova J, Vedekhina T, Kulbachinskiy A, Varizhuk A, Andrei G, Aralov A. Phenotypic Test of Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidinone-Based Nucleoside and Non-Nucleoside Derivatives against DNA and RNA Viruses, Including Coronaviruses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14540. [PMID: 37834006 PMCID: PMC10572855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging viruses periodically cause outbreaks and epidemics around the world, which ultimately lead to global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the urgent need for new antiviral drugs is obvious. Over more than a century of antiviral development, nucleoside analogs have proven to be promising agents against diversified DNA and RNA viruses. Here, we present the synthesis and evaluation of the antiviral activity of nucleoside analogs and their deglycosylated derivatives based on a hydroxybenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-1(2H)-one scaffold. The antiviral activity was evaluated against a panel of structurally and phylogenetically diverse RNA and DNA viruses. The leader compound showed micromolar activity against representatives of the family Coronaviridae, including SARS-CoV-2, as well as against respiratory syncytial virus in a submicromolar range without noticeable toxicity for the host cells. Surprisingly, methylation of the aromatic hydroxyl group of the leader compound resulted in micromolar activity against the varicella-zoster virus without any significant impact on cell viability. The leader compound was shown to be a weak inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. It also inhibited biocondensate formation important for SARS-CoV-2 replication. The active compounds may be considered as a good starting point for further structure optimization and mechanistic and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Kamzeeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.R.); (V.A.); (A.E.-S.)
| | - Ivan Petushkov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (I.P.); (A.K.)
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Knizhnik
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (J.S.); (T.V.); (A.V.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Yuri Khodarovich
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.R.); (V.A.); (A.E.-S.)
| | - Ekaterina Ryabukhina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.R.); (V.A.); (A.E.-S.)
| | - Vera Alferova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.R.); (V.A.); (A.E.-S.)
| | - Artur Eshtukov-Shcheglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.R.); (V.A.); (A.E.-S.)
| | - Evgeny Belyaev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, RAS, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Julia Svetlova
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (J.S.); (T.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Tatiana Vedekhina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (J.S.); (T.V.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrey Kulbachinskiy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (I.P.); (A.K.)
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Varizhuk
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (E.K.); (J.S.); (T.V.); (A.V.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Andrey Aralov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.R.); (V.A.); (A.E.-S.)
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Kamzeeva PN, Aralov AV, Alferova VA, Korshun VA. Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Nucleoside Antivirals. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6851-6879. [PMID: 37623252 PMCID: PMC10453654 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new drugs has been greatly accelerated by the emergence of new viruses and drug-resistant strains of known pathogens. Nucleoside analogues (NAs) are a prospective class of antivirals due to known safety profiles, which are important for rapid repurposing in the fight against emerging pathogens. Recent improvements in research methods have revealed new unexpected details in the mechanisms of action of NAs that can pave the way for new approaches for the further development of effective drugs. This review accounts advanced techniques in viral polymerase targeting, new viral and host enzyme targeting approaches, and prodrug-based strategies for the development of antiviral NAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vladimir A. Korshun
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.N.K.); (A.V.A.); (V.A.A.)
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3
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Mieczkowski A, Makowska M, Sekula J, Tomczyk E, Zalewska E, Nasulewicz-Goldeman A, Wietrzyk J. Bicyclic cytarabine analogues: synthesis and investigation of antitumor properties of novel, 6-aryl- and 6-alkyl-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(7H)-one arabinosides. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Barthes NPF, Karpenko IA, Dziuba D, Spadafora M, Auffret J, Demchenko AP, Mély Y, Benhida R, Michel BY, Burger A. Development of environmentally sensitive fluorescent and dual emissive deoxyuridine analogues. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02709h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed and developed fluorescent deoxyuridine analogues with strong sensitivity to hydration for the major groove labelling of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. P. F. Barthes
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | - I. A. Karpenko
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | - D. Dziuba
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | - M. Spadafora
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | - J. Auffret
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | | | - Y. Mély
- Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie
- UMR 7213
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
| | - R. Benhida
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | - B. Y. Michel
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
| | - A. Burger
- Institut de Chimie de Nice
- UMR 7272
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis
- CNRS
- 06108 Nice Cedex 2
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5
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Pérez-Faginas P, Aranda MT, García-López MT, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Balzarini J, González-Muñiz R. Synthesis and SAR studies on azetidine-containing dipeptides as HCMV inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1155-61. [PMID: 21256035 PMCID: PMC7127091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
SAR studies on an azetidine-containing dipeptide prototype inhibitor of HCMV are described. Three series of structurally modified analogues, involving substitutions at the N- and C-terminus, and at the C-terminal side-chain were synthesized and evaluated for antiviral activity. Aliphatic or no substituents at the C-carboxamide group, an aliphatic C-terminal side-chain, as well as a benzyloxycarbonyl moiety at the N-terminus were absolute requirements for anti-HCMV activity. The conformational restriction induced by the 2-azetidine residue into the dipeptide derivatives, identified by 1H NMR as a γ-type reverse turn, seems to have influence on the activity of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pérez-Faginas
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juna de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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De Castro S, García-Aparicio C, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Balzarini J, Camarasa MJ, Velázquez S. 4-Benzyloxy-γ-Sultone Derivatives: Discovery of a Novel Family of Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors of Human Cytomegalovirus and Varicella Zoster Virus. J Med Chem 2009; 52:1582-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8014662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia De Castro
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlos García-Aparicio
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - María-José Camarasa
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sonsoles Velázquez
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K. U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Abstract
Herpes viruses are widely involved in human infectious diseases, and some are life threatening, such as CNS infections. These manifestations vary according to the type of virus involved and the immune status of the patient. This article will review the clinical manifestations (encephalitis, myelitis, meningitis and postinfectious encephalomyelitis), the diagnostic strategies and the presently used drugs (acyclovir, valacyclovir, ganciclovir, valgancyclovir, foscarnet and cidofovir). The review will also discuss drugs that are currently in the pipeline and that could be used in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Denes
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Dupuytren, 2 Ave Martin Luther King, 87000, Limoges, France.
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8
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Janeba Z, Maklad N, Robins MJ. Synthesis of 6-(alkoxymethyl)- and 6-(alkylsulfanylmethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one analogues. CAN J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1139/v06-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of 6-(hydroxymethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one (2) with 1-iodoalkanes and potassium carbonate resulted in predominant formation of N3 (and minor amounts of O2) alkylated regioisomers. Treatment of the 3-alkyl products (3) with thionyl chloride gave highly reactive 6-chloromethyl intermediates (5). Direct solvolysis of 5 in alcohol solutions (~50 °C) produced 3-alkyl-6-(alkoxymethyl)furopyrimidin-2(3H)-ones (6), whereas extensive decomposition of 5 occurred with added base promoters. Sonication of 5 with sodium thioacetate in acetonitrile gave the air-stable 6-(alkylsulfanylmethyl) intermediates (7), which were subjected to deacetylation (methanolic sodium methoxide) and in situ alkylation to give 3-alkyl-6-(alkylsulfanylmethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-ones (8). Lipophilic derivatives of furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one are of interest as potential inhibitors of viral penetration of cells.Key words: furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-ones, alkyl, ether and thioether derivatives of furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(3H)-one.
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9
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Esho N, Desaulniers JP, Davies B, Chui HMP, Rao MS, Chow CS, Szafert S, Dembinski R. NMR conformational analysis of p-tolyl furanopyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside and crystal structure of its 3',5'-di-O-acetyl derivative. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:1231-8. [PMID: 15670932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2004] [Revised: 11/08/2004] [Accepted: 11/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The conformation of a representative molecule of a new, potent class of antiviral-active modified nucleosides is determined. A bicyclic nucleoside, 3-(2'-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-6-(4-methylphenyl)-2,3-dihydrofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one, shows C2'-endo and C3'-endo ribose conformations in solution (63:37, 37 degrees C; DMSO-d6), as determined by 1H NMR studies. The crystal structure of a 3',5'-di-O-acetyl-protected derivative (monoclinic, P21, a/b/c= 6.666(1)/12.225(1)/24.676(2) A, beta=90.24(1) degrees , Z=4) shows exclusively C2'-endo deoxyribose puckering. The base is found in the anti position both in solution and in crystalline form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Esho
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biomedical Research, Oakland University, 2200 N. Squirrel Rd, Rochester, MI 48309-4477, USA
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Gerona-Navarro G, Pérez de Vega MJ, García-López MT, Andrei G, Snoeck R, De Clercq E, Balzarini J, González-Muñiz R. From 1-acyl-beta-lactam human cytomegalovirus protease inhibitors to 1-benzyloxycarbonylazetidines with improved antiviral activity. A straightforward approach to convert covalent to noncovalent inhibitors. J Med Chem 2005; 48:2612-21. [PMID: 15801851 DOI: 10.1021/jm0492812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the structure of known beta-lactam covalent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease inhibitors and from the knowledge of the residues implicated in the active site of this enzyme, we designed a series of phenylalanine-derived 2-azetidinones bearing a 4-carboxylate moiety that could be apt for additional interactions with the guanidine group of the Arg165/Arg166 residues of the viral protease. Some compounds within this series showed anti-HCMV activity at 10-50 muM, but rather high toxicity. The presence of aromatic 1-acyl groups and a certain hydrophobic character in the region of the 4-carboxylate were stringent requirements for anti-HCMV activity. To go a step ahead into the search for effective HCMV medicines, we then envisaged a series of noncovalent inhibitors by simple deletion of the carbonyl group in the beta-lactam derivatives to provide the corresponding azetidines. This led to low micromolar inhibitors of HCMV replication, with 17 and 27 being particularly promising lead compounds for further investigation, although their toxicity still needs to be lowered.
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