1
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Sobati M, Abdoli M, Angeli A, Bonardi A, Ferraroni M, Supuran CT, Žalubovskis R. Sulfonamide-incorporated bis(α-aminophosphonates) as promising carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and X-ray crystallographic studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400038. [PMID: 38498884 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A novel series of sulfonamide-incorporated bis(α-aminophosphonates) acting as effective carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors is reported. The synthesized bivalent ligands were tested against five human (h) isoforms, hCA I, hCA II, hCA VII, hCA IX, and hCA XIII. Such derivatives showed high activity and selectivity against the cancer-related, membrane-bound isoform hCA IX, and among them, compound 5h, tetraisopropyl (1,3-phenylenebis{[(4-sulfamoylphenyl)amino]methylene})bis(phosphonate) showed a KI of 15.1 nM, being highly selective against this isoform over all other investigated ones (hCA I/IX = 42; hCA II/IX = 6, hCA VII/IX = 3, hCA XIII/IX = 5). Therefore, compound 5h could be a potential lead for the development of selective anticancer agents. The newly developed sulfonamides were also found effective inhibitors against the cytosolic hCA XIII isoform. Compound 5i displayed the best inhibition against this isoform with a KI of 17.2 nM, equal to that of the well-known inhibitor acetazolamide (AAZ), but significantly more selective over all other tested isoforms (hCA I/XIII = 239; hCA II/XIII = 23, hCA VII/XIII = 2, hCA IX/XIII = 3) compared to AAZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Sobati
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Morteza Abdoli
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
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2
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Kilbile J, Sapkal SB, Renzi G, D’Agostino I, Cutarella L, Mori M, De Filippis B, Islam I, Massardi ML, Somenza E, Ronca R, Tamboli Y, Carta F, Supuran CT. Novel 2,4-Dichloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic Acid Oxime Esters: First Studies as Potential Human Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:972-978. [PMID: 38894925 PMCID: PMC11181484 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a focused library of oxime ester derivatives of 2,4-dichloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid (lasamide) containing Schiff bases was synthesized and tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the cytosolic human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs) I and II, as well as the transmembrane and tumor-associated IX and XII isoforms. As a result, we obtained a first line of knowledge on lasamide derivatives potentially useful for development as CA inhibitors (CAIs). In particular, we focused our attention on the derivative 11, which was selective toward hCAs IX and XII over the cytosolic isoenzymes. An in silico study was conducted to assess the binding mode of 11 within hCAs IX and XII. Also, antiproliferative assays highlighted promising derivatives. The data obtained in this study are currently in use for the development of better-performing compounds on the tumor-associated isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydeo
T. Kilbile
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, MGM University, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, 431003 Maharashtra, India
| | - Suryakant B. Sapkal
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, MGM University, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, 431003 Maharashtra, India
| | - Gioele Renzi
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria D’Agostino
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Cutarella
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- Department
of Pharmacy “G. d’Annunzio”, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Imadul Islam
- King
Abdullah
International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry
of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14811, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Luisa Massardi
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Somenza
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Yasinalli Tamboli
- King
Abdullah
International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry
of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 14811, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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3
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Ivanova J, Abdoli M, Nocentini A, Žalubovskis R, Supuran CT. Derivatives of 4-methyl-1,2,3-benzoxathiazine 2,2-dioxide as selective inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrases IX and XII over the cytosolic isoforms I and II. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2170370. [PMID: 36718988 PMCID: PMC9891166 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2170370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 4-methyl-1,2,3-benzoxathiazine-2,2-dioxides with various substituents in 5, 6 or 7 positions was obtained from corresponding 2'-hydroxyacetophenones in their reaction with sulphamoyl chloride. 6- and 7-aryl substituted 4-methyl-1,2,3-benzoxathiazine-2,2-dioxides were obtained from aryl substituted 2'-hydroxyacetophenonesprepared from 4- or 5-bromo-2'-hydroxyacetophenones via two-step protocol. 4-Methyl-1,2,3-benzoxathiazine-2,2-dioxides were investigated as inhibitors of four human (h) carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, off-target cytosolic hCA I and II, and target transmembrane, tumour-associated hCA IX and XII. Twenty derivatives of 4-methyl-1,2,3-benzoxathiazine 2,2-dioxide were obtained. With one exception (compound2a), they mostly act as nanomolar inhibitors of target hCA IX and XII. Basically, all screened compounds express none or low inhibitory properties towards off-target hCA I. hCA II is inhibited in micromolar range. Overwhelming majority of 4-methyl-1,2,3-benzoxathiazine 2,2-dioxides express excellent selectivity towards CA IX/XII over hCA I as well as very good selectivity towards CA IX/XII over hCA II.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Abdoli
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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4
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Abdoli M, Bonardi A, Paoletti N, Aspatwar A, Parkkila S, Gratteri P, Supuran CT, Žalubovskis R. Inhibition Studies on Human and Mycobacterial Carbonic Anhydrases with N-((4-Sulfamoylphenyl)carbamothioyl) Amides. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104020. [PMID: 37241761 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A library of structurally diverse N-((4-sulfamoylphenyl)carbamothioyl) amides was synthesized by selective acylation of easily accessible 4-thioureidobenzenesulfonamide with various aliphatic, benzylic, vinylic and aromatic acyl chlorides under mild conditions. Inhibition of three α-class cytosolic human (h) carbonic anhydrases (CAs) (EC 4.2.1.1); that is, hCA I, hCA II and hCA VII and three bacterial β-CAs from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtCA1-MtCA3) with these sulfonamides was thereafter investigated in vitro and in silico. Many of the evaluated compounds displayed better inhibition against hCA I (KI = 13.3-87.6 nM), hCA II (KI = 5.3-384.3 nM), and hCA VII (KI = 1.1-13.5 nM) compared with acetazolamide (AAZ) as the control drug (KI values of 250, 12.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively, against hCA I, hCA II and hCA VII). The mycobacterial enzymes MtCA1 and MtCA2 were also effectively inhibited by these compounds. MtCA3 was, on the other hand, poorly inhibited by the sulfonamides reported here. The most sensitive mycobacterial enzyme to these inhibitors was MtCA2 in which 10 of the 12 evaluated compounds showed KIs (KI, the inhibitor constant) in the low nanomolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Abdoli
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Neurofarba Department, Universitàdegli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Paoletti
- Neurofarba Department, Universitàdegli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Universitàdegli Studi di Firenze, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
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5
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Abdoli M, Luca VD, Capasso C, Supuran CT, Žalubovskis R. Investigation of carbonic anhydrase inhibitory potency of ( Z/E)-alkyl N'-benzyl- N-(arylsulfonyl)-carbamimidothioates. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:615-627. [PMID: 37140057 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Among 15 human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, two (hCA IX and XII) play important roles in the growth and survival of tumor cells, making them therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This study aimed to develop novel sulfonamide-based compounds as selective hCA IX and XII inhibitors. Materials & methods: A library of novel N-sulfonyl carbamimidothioates was obtained for CA inhibitory activity studies against four hCA isoforms. Results: None of the developed compounds displayed inhibitory potential against off-target isoforms hCA I and II. However, they effectively inhibited tumor-associated hCA IX and XII. Conclusion: The present study suggests potent lead compounds as selective hCA IX and XII inhibitors with anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Abdoli
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science & Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Department of Biology, Agriculture & Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences & Bioresources, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture & Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences & Bioresources, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, 50019, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science & Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia
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6
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Abdoli M, De Luca V, Capasso C, Supuran CT, Žalubovskis R. Inhibition Studies on Carbonic Anhydrase Isoforms I, II, IX, and XII with a Series of Sulfaguanidines. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200658. [PMID: 36691902 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Two novel sulfaguanidine series, six N-(N,N'-dialkyl/dibenzyl-carbamimidoyl) benzenesulfonamide derivatives and nine N-(N-alkyl/benzyl-carbamimidoyl) benzenesulfonamide derivatives, were obtained by desulfidative amination of easily accessible dimethyl arylsulfonylcarbonimidodithioates under catalyst- and base-free conditions. The newly synthesized compounds were tested for the inhibition of four different isozymes of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA I, II, IX and XII, EC 4.2.1.1). Both series reported here were inactive against the off-target isozymes hCA I and II (Ki >100 μM). Interestingly, all investigated compounds inhibited both target isozymes hCA IX and XII in the submicromolar to micromolar ranges in which Ki values spanned from 0.168 to 0.921 μM against hCA IX and from 0.335 to 1.451 μM against hCA XII. The results indicated that N-(N-alkyl/benzyl-carbamimidoyl) benzenesulfonamides were slightly more potent inhibitors than N-(N,N'-dialkyl/dibenzyl-carbamimidoyl) benzenesulfonamides. Among the evaluated compounds, N-n-octyl-substituted N-carbamimidoylbenzenesulfonamide showed the most significant activity with a Ki value of 0.168 μM against hCA IX, which was four-fold more selective toward this isozyme versus hCA XII. Again, another derivative from N-(N-alkyl/benzyl-carbamimidoyl) benzenesulfonamide series, N-p-methylbenzyl-substituted N-carbamimidoylbenzenesulfonamide, demonstrated superior inhibitory activity against hCA XII with a Ki value of 0.335 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Abdoli
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena iela 3, 1048, Riga, Latvia
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena iela 3, 1048, Riga, Latvia
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia
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7
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Aboukhatwa SM, Sidhom PA, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Tawfik HO. Terminators or Guardians? Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity Profiling of Chalcone-Sulfonamide Hybrids. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7666-7683. [PMID: 36872984 PMCID: PMC9979347 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
With a "less is more" philosophy, a series of 15 chalcone-sulfonamide hybrids were designed anticipating synergistic anticancer activity. The aromatic sulfonamide moiety was included as a known direct inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase IX activity through its zinc chelating property. The chalcone moiety was incorporated as an electrophilic stressor to indirectly inhibit carbonic anhydrase IX cellular activity. Screening by the Developmental Therapeutics Program of the National Cancer Institute, NCI-60, revealed that 12 derivatives were potent inhibitors of cancer cell growth in multiple cell lines and were promoted to the five-dose screen. The cancer cell growth inhibition profile indicated sub- to two-digit micromolar potency (GI50 down to 0.3 μM and LC50 as low as 4 μM) against colorectal carcinoma cells, in particular. Unexpectedly, most compounds demonstrated low to moderate potency as direct inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase catalytic activity in vitro, with 4d being the most potent, having an average Ki value of 4 μM. Compound 4j showed ca. six-fold selectivity to carbonic anhydrase IX over the other tested isoforms in vitro. Cytotoxicity of both 4d and 4j in live HCT116, U251, and LOX IMVI cells under hypoxic conditions confirmed their targeting of carbonic anhydrase activity. Elevation of oxidative cellular stress was stipulated from the increase in Nrf2 and ROS levels in 4j-treated colorectal carcinoma, HCT116, cells compared to the control. Compound 4j arrested the cell cycle of HCT116 cells at the G1/S phase. In addition, both 4d and 4j showed up to 50-fold cancer cell selectivity compared to the non-cancerous HEK293T cells. Accordingly, this study presents 4d and 4j being new, synthetically accessible, simplistically designed derivatives as potential candidates to be further developed as anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M. Aboukhatwa
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Peter A. Sidhom
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department
of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department
of Neurofarba, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Haytham O. Tawfik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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8
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Ivanova J, Abdoli M, Nocentini A, Žalubovskis R, Supuran CT. 1,2,3-Benzoxathiazine-2,2-dioxides – effective inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:225-238. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2142787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Abdoli
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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9
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Benzenesulfonamides Incorporating Hydantoin Moieties Effectively Inhibit Eukaryoticand Human Carbonic Anhydrases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214115. [PMID: 36430592 PMCID: PMC9696710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 1-(4-benzenesulfonamide)-3-alkyl/benzyl-hydantoin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for the inhibition of eukaryotic and human carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1). The prepared compounds were screened for their hCA inhibitory activities against three cytosolic isoforms as well as two β-CAs from fungal pathogens. The best inhibition was observed against hCA II and VII as well as Candida glabrata enzyme CgNce103. hCA I and Malassezia globosa MgCA enzymes were, on the other hand, less effectively inhibited by these compounds. The inhibitory potency of these compounds against CAs was found to be dependent on the electronic and steric effects of substituent groups on the N3-position of the hydantoin ring, which included alkyl, alkenyl and substituted benzyl moieties. The interesting results against CgNce103 make the compounds of interest for investigations in vivo as potential antifungals.
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10
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Cheng D, Yang H, Yu C, Tao Y, Xu X. Synthesis of Multi-arylated Pyridines via Tandem Oxidative Reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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A decade of tail-approach based design of selective as well as potent tumor associated carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Aspatwar A, Barker H, Aisala H, Zueva K, Kuuslahti M, Tolvanen M, Primmer CR, Lumme J, Bonardi A, Tripathi A, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Cloning, purification, kinetic and anion inhibition studies of a recombinant β-carbonic anhydrase from the Atlantic salmon parasite platyhelminth Gyrodactylus salaris. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1577-1586. [PMID: 35637617 PMCID: PMC9176631 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2080818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A β-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was cloned from the genome of the Monogenean platyhelminth Gyrodactylus salaris, a parasite of Atlantic salmon. The new enzyme, GsaCAβ has a significant catalytic activity for the physiological reaction, CO2 + H2O ⇋ HCO3− + H+ with a kcat of 1.1 × 105 s−1 and a kcat/Km of 7.58 × 106 M−1 × s−1. This activity was inhibited by acetazolamide (KI of 0.46 µM), a sulphonamide in clinical use, as well as by selected inorganic anions and small molecules. Most tested anions inhibited GsaCAβ at millimolar concentrations, but sulfamide (KI of 81 µM), N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (KI of 67 µM) and sulphamic acid (KI of 6.2 µM) showed a rather efficient inhibitory action. There are currently very few non-toxic agents effective in combating this parasite. GsaCAβ is subsequently proposed as a new drug target for which effective inhibitors can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heidi Aisala
- Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ksenia Zueva
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianne Kuuslahti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Martti Tolvanen
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Craig R Primmer
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Lumme
- Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Amit Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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13
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Güzel-Akdemir Ö, Demir-Yazıcı K, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Akdemir A. New Pyridinium Salt Derivatives of 2-(Hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5- sulfonamide as Selective Inhibitors of Tumour-Related Human Carbonic Anhydrase Isoforms IX and XII. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2637-2646. [PMID: 35135455 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220207092123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The positively charged membrane impermeant sulfonamides were evaluated as a remarkable class of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) previously. Without affecting the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA), cytosolic isoforms hCA I and II, inhibition of two membrane-associated isoforms hCA IX and XII especially overexpressed in hypoxic tumour cells, makes the pyridinium salt derivatives potent promising therapeutic agents. OBJECTIVE A novel series of tri, tetra, and cyclo-substituted pyridinium salt derivatives of the lead compound 2- (hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-phenyl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide has been prepared by using sixteen different pyrylium salts, for the search of selective inhibitors of transmembrane tumour-associated human carbonic anhydrase hCA IX and XII. METHODS Molecular modeling studies were carried out to understand and rationalize the in vitro enzyme inhibition data. RESULTS Six of the new compounds showed good inhibitory profiles with low nanomolar range (< 100 nM) against hCA IX/XII, and compound 5 showed excellent potency with Ki values lower than 10 nM. In addition, molecular modelling studies have presented the possible binding modes of the ligands. CONCLUSION Most of the compounds displayed potent inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated hCA IX and XII in the low nanomolar range and selectivity over the off-targeted isoforms hCA I and II. Due to their cationic structure and membrane-impermeant behavior, it is also expected to maximize the selectivity over cytosolic isoforms hCA I/II while inhibiting tumor overexpressed isoforms hCA XI/XII of new compounds in in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlen Güzel-Akdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kübra Demir-Yazıcı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Atilla Akdemir
- Computer-aided Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Güller P, Dağalan Z, Güller U, Çalışır U, Nişancı B. Enzymes inhibition profiles and antibacterial activities of benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Nocentini A, Cuffaro D, Ciccone L, Orlandini E, Nencetti S, Nuti E, Rossello A, Supuran CT. Activation of carbonic anhydrases from human brain by amino alcohol oxime ethers: towards human carbonic anhydrase VII selective activators. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:48-57. [PMID: 33103482 PMCID: PMC7594847 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1838501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) activating effects of a series of oxime ether-based amino alcohols towards four human (h) CA isoforms expressed in human brain, hCA I, II, IV and VII, are described. Most investigated amino alcohol derivatives induced a consistent activation of the tested CAs, with KAs spanning from a low micromolar to a medium nanomolar range. Specifically, hCA II and VII, putative main CA targets when central nervous system (CNS) diseases are concerned, were most efficiently activated by these oxime ether derivatives. Furthermore, a multitude of selective hCA VII activators were identified. As hCA VII is one of the key isoforms involved in brain metabolism and other brain functions, the identified potent and selective hCA VII activators may be considered of interest for investigations of various therapeutic applications or as lead compounds in search of even more potent and selective CA activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisa Nuti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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16
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Llanos MA, Sbaraglini ML, Villalba ML, Ruiz MD, Carrillo C, Alba Soto C, Talevi A, Angeli A, Parkkila S, Supuran CT, Gavernet L. A structure-based approach towards the identification of novel antichagasic compounds: Trypanosoma cruzi carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:21-30. [PMID: 31619095 PMCID: PMC6807911 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1677638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi carbonic anhydrase (TcCA) has recently emerged as an interesting target for the design of new compounds to treat Chagas disease. In this study we report the results of a structure-based virtual screening campaign to identify novel and selective TcCA inhibitors. The combination of properly validated computational methodologies such as comparative modelling, molecular dynamics and docking simulations allowed us to find high potency hits, with KI values in the nanomolar range. The compounds also showed trypanocidal effects against T. cruzi epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. All the candidates are selective for inhibiting TcCA over the human isoform CA II, which is encouraging in terms of possible therapeutic safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Llanos
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L. Sbaraglini
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L. Villalba
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María D. Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein (ICT Milstein), Argentinean National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Carrillo
- Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein (ICT Milstein), Argentinean National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Alba Soto
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alan Talevi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Luciana Gavernet
- Laboratory of Bioactive Research and Development (LIDeB), Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Akocak S, Güzel-Akdemir Ö, Kishore Kumar Sanku R, Russom SS, Iorga BI, Supuran CT, Ilies MA. Pyridinium derivatives of 3-aminobenzenesulfonamide are nanomolar-potent inhibitors of tumor-expressed carbonic anhydrase isozymes CA IX and CA XII. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104204. [PMID: 32891000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Building on the conclusions of previous inhibition studies with pyridinium-benzenesulfonamides from our team and on the X-ray crystal structure of the lead compound identified, a series of 24 pyridinium derivatives of 3-aminobenzenesulfonamide was synthesized and investigated for carbonic anhydrase inhibition. The new pyridinium-sulfonamides were evaluated as inhibitors of four human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, namely CA I, CA II (cytosolic), CA IX and XII (transmembrane, tumor-associated forms). Excellent inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range was observed against CA IX with most of these sulfonamides, and against CA XII (nanomolar/sub-nanomolar) with some of the new compounds. These sulfonamides were generally potent inhibitors of CA II and CA I too. Docking studies revealed a preference of these compounds to bind the P1 hydrophobic site of CAs, supporting the observed inhibition profile. The salt-like nature of these positively charged sulfonamides can further focus the inhibitory ability on membrane-bound CA IX and CA XII and could efficiently decrease the viability of three human carcinomas under hypoxic conditions where these isozymes are over-expressed, thus recommending the new compounds as potential diagnostic tools or therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia PA-19140, United States
| | - Özlen Güzel-Akdemir
- NEUROFARBA Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 34116 Beyazıt, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rajesh Kishore Kumar Sanku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia PA-19140, United States
| | - Samson S Russom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia PA-19140, United States
| | - Bogdan I Iorga
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
| | - Marc A Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia PA-19140, United States.
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18
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Milite C, Amendola G, Nocentini A, Bua S, Cipriano A, Barresi E, Feoli A, Novellino E, Da Settimo F, Supuran CT, Castellano S, Cosconati S, Taliani S. Novel 2-substituted-benzimidazole-6-sulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluation against isoforms I, II, IX and XII and molecular docking studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1697-1710. [PMID: 31537132 PMCID: PMC6758606 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1666836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs) has been clinically exploited for many decades for a variety of therapeutic applications. Within a research project aimed at developing novel classes of CA inhibitors (CAIs) with a proper selectivity for certain isoforms, a series of derivatives featuring the 2-substituted-benzimidazole-6-sulfonamide scaffold, conceived as frozen analogs of Schiff bases and secondary amines previously reported in the literature as CAIs, were investigated. Enzyme inhibition assays on physiologically relevant human CA I, II, IX and XII isoforms revealed a number of potent CAIs, showing promising selectivity profiles towards the transmembrane tumor-associated CA IX and XII enzymes. Computational studies were attained to clarify the structural determinants behind the activities and selectivity profiles of the novel inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Milite
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno , Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Giorgio Amendola
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli , Caserta , Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
| | - Silvia Bua
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
| | - Alessandra Cipriano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno , Fisciano (SA) , Italy.,PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno , Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Feoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno , Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples , Naples , Italy
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino (Florence) , Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno , Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli , Caserta , Italy
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19
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Swain B, Angeli A, Angapelly S, Thacker PS, Singh P, Supuran CT, Arifuddin M. Synthesis of a new series of 3-functionalised-1-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole sulfamoylbenzamides as carbonic anhydrase I, II, IV and IX inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1199-1209. [PMID: 31237458 PMCID: PMC6598542 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1629432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel series of 3-functionalised benzenesulfonamides incorporating phenyl-1,2,3-triazole with an amide linker was achieved by using the "click-tail" approach. The new compounds, including the intermediates, were assayed as inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA I and II (cytosolic isoforms) and also for hCA IV and IX (transmembrane isoforms) taking acetazolamide as standard drug. Most of these compounds exhibited excellent activity against all these isoforms. hCA I was inhibited with Kis in the range of 50.8-966.8 nM, while the glaucoma associated hCA II was inhibited with Kis in the range of 6.5-760.0 nM. Isoform hCA IV was inhibited with Kis in the range of 65.3-957.5 nM, whereas the tumor associated hypoxia induced hCA IX was inhibited with Kis in the range of 30.8-815.9 nM. The structure activity relationship study for the 3-functionalised-1-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole sulfamoylbenzamides against these isoforms was also inferred from the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baijayantimala Swain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Srinivas Angapelly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pavitra S. Thacker
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priti Singh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Mohammed Arifuddin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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20
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Angeli A, Del Prete S, Pinteala M, Maier SS, Donald WA, Simionescu BC, Capasso C, Supuran CT. The first activation study of the β-carbonic anhydrases from the pathogenic bacteria Brucella suis and Francisella tularensis with amines and amino acids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1178-1185. [PMID: 31282230 PMCID: PMC6691884 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1630617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of the β-class carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the bacteria Brucella suis and Francisella tularensis with amine and amino acids was investigated. BsuCA 1 was sensitive to activation with amino acids and amines, whereas FtuCA was not. The most effective BsuCA 1 activators were L-adrenaline and D-Tyr (KAs of 0.70–0.95 µM). L-His, L-/D-Phe, L-/D-DOPA, L-Trp, L-Tyr, 4-amino-L-Phe, dopamine, 2-pyridyl-methylamine, D-Glu and L-Gln showed activation constants in the range of 0.70–3.21 µM. FtuCA was sensitive to activation with L-Glu (KA of 9.13 µM). Most of the investigated compounds showed a weak activating effect against FtuCA (KAs of 30.5–78.3 µM). Many of the investigated amino acid and amines are present in high concentrations in many tissues in vertebrates, and their role in the pathogenicity of the two bacteria is poorly understood. Our study may bring insights in processes connected with invasion and pathogenic effects of intracellular bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- a Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- b Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse , CNR , Napoli , Italy
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- c Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department , "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Iasi , Romania
| | - Stelian S Maier
- c Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department , "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Iasi , Romania.,d Polymers Research Center, Polymeric Release Systems Research Group , "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
| | - William A Donald
- e School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Bogdan C Simionescu
- c Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department , "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Iasi , Romania
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy.,e School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
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Anion Inhibition Profile of the β-Carbonic Anhydrase from the Opportunist Pathogenic Fungus Malassezia Restricta Involved in Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9070147. [PMID: 31323880 PMCID: PMC6680850 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9070147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes, which catalyze the crucial physiological CO2 hydration/dehydration reaction (CO2 + H2O ⇌ HCO3- + H+) balancing the equilibrium between CO2, H2CO3, HCO3- and CO32-. It has been demonstrated that their selective inhibition alters the equilibrium of the metabolites above affecting the biosynthesis and energy metabolism of the organism. In this context, our interest has been focalized on the fungus Malassezia restricta, which may trigger dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis altering the complex bacterial and fungal equilibrium of the human scalp. We investigated a rather large number of inorganic metal-complexing anions (a well-known class of CA inhibitors) for their interaction with the β-CA (MreCA) encoded by the M. restricta genome. The results were compared with those obtained for the two human ?-CA isoforms (hCAI and hCAII) and the β-CA from Malassezia globosa. The most effective MreCA inhibitors were diethyldithiocarbamate, sulfamide, phenyl arsenic acid, stannate, tellurate, tetraborate, selenocyanate, trithiocarbonate, and bicarbonate. The different KI values obtained for the four proteins investigated might be attributed to the architectural features of their catalytic site. The anion inhibition profile is essential for better understanding the inhibition/catalytic mechanisms of these enzymes and for designing novel types of inhibitors, which may have clinical applications for the management of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
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Thacker PS, Shaikh P, Angeli A, Arifuddin M, Supuran CT. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 8-substituted quinoline-2-carboxamides as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1172-1177. [PMID: 31218888 PMCID: PMC6586119 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1626376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 8-substituted-N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)quinoline-2-carboxamides was synthesised by the reaction of 8-hydroxy-N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl) quinoline-2-carboxamide with alkyl and benzyl halides. The compounds were assayed for carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitory activity against four hCA isoforms, hCA I, hCA II, hCA IV, and hCA IX. Barring hCA IX, all the isoforms were inhibited from low to high nanomolar range. hCA I was inhibited in the range of 61.9–8126 nM, with compound 5h having an inhibition constant of KI = 61.9 nM. hCA II was inhibited in the range of 33.0–8759 nM, with compound 5h having an inhibition constant of 33.0 nM and compounds 5a and 5b having inhibition constants of 88.4 and 85.7 nM, respectively. hCA IV was inhibited in the range of 657.2–6757 nM. Hence, compound 5h, possessing low nanomolar hCA I and II inhibition, can be selected as a lead for the design of novel CA I and II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra S Thacker
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , India
| | - Pirpasha Shaikh
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , India
| | - Andrea Angeli
- b Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence , Italy
| | - Mohammed Arifuddin
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , India
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Florence, Florence , Italy
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Nocentini A, Osman SM, Almeida IA, Cardoso V, Alasmary FAS, AlOthman Z, Vermelho AB, Gratteri P, Supuran CT. Appraisal of anti-protozoan activity of nitroaromatic benzenesulfonamides inhibiting carbonic anhydrases from Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1164-1171. [PMID: 31219348 PMCID: PMC6598531 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1626375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease and leishmaniasis are neglected tropical disorders caused by the protozoans Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from these protozoans (α-TcCA and β-LdcCA) have been validated as promising targets for chemotherapic interventions. Many anti-protozoan agents, such as nitroimidazoles, nifurtimox, and benznidazole possess a nitro aromatic group in their structure which is crucial for their activity. As a continuation of our previous work on N-nitrosulfonamides as anti-protozoan agents, we investigated benzenesulfonamides bearing a nitro aromatic moiety against TcCA and LdcCA, observing selective inhibitions over human off-target CAs. Selected derivatives were assessed in vitro in different developmental stages of T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. A lack of significant growth inhibition has been found, which has been connected to the low permeability of this class of derivatives through cell membranes. Further strategies necessarily need to be designed for targeting Chagas disease and leishmaniasis with nitro-containing CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- a Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences , University of Florence , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Igor A Almeida
- c Department of Natural Products and Food, School of Pharmacy , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Veronica Cardoso
- d BIOINOVAR - Biotechnology Laboratories: Biocatalysis, Bioproducts and Bioenergy, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Fatmah Ali S Alasmary
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Alane B Vermelho
- d BIOINOVAR - Biotechnology Laboratories: Biocatalysis, Bioproducts and Bioenergy, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes , Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Paola Gratteri
- a Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences , University of Florence , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences , University of Florence , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
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Novel Synthesis of Substituted 2-Trifluoromethyl and 2-Perfluoroalkyl N-Arylpyridinium Compounds-Mechanistic Insights. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122328. [PMID: 31242559 PMCID: PMC6630758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a new one-pot synthesis of 2-trifluoromethylated/2-perfluoroalkylated N-aryl-substituted pyridiniums, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoliniums and 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]-pyridinium compounds starting from an activated β-dicarbonyl analogue (here a perfluoro-alkylated gem-iodoacetoxy derivative), an aromatic amine and a (cyclic or acyclic) ketone. The key step of this multicomponent reaction, involves the formation of a 3-perfluoroalkyl-N,N’-diaryl-1,5-diazapentadiene intermediate, various examples of which were isolated and characterized for the first time, together with investigation of their reactivity. We propose a mechanism involving a concurrent inverse electron demand Diels-Alder or Aza-Robinson cascade cyclisation, followed by a bis-de-anilino-elimination. Noteworthy, a meta-methoxy substituent on the aniline directs the reaction towards a 2-perfluoroalkyl-7-methoxyquinoline, resulting from the direct cyclization of the diazapentadiene intermediate, instead of pyridinium formation. This is the first evidence of synthesis of pyridinium derivatives from activated β-dicarbonyls, ketones, and an aromatic amine, the structures of which (both reactants and products) being analogous to species involved in biological systems, especially upon neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s. Beyond suggesting chemical/biochemical analogies, we thus hope to outline new research directions for understanding the mechanism of in vivo formation of pyridiniums, hence possible pharmaceutical strategies to better monitor, control or prevent it.
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Garcia AR, Oliveira DMP, Claudia F Amaral A, Jesus JB, Rennó Sodero AC, Souza AMT, Supuran CT, Vermelho AB, Rodrigues IA, Pinheiro AS. Leishmania infantum arginase: biochemical characterization and inhibition by naturally occurring phenolic substances. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1100-1109. [PMID: 31124384 PMCID: PMC6534257 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1616182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of Leishmania arginase leads to a decrease in parasite growth and infectivity and thus represents an attractive therapeutic strategy. We evaluated the inhibitory potential of selected naturally occurring phenolic substances on Leishmania infantum arginase (ARGLi) and investigated their antileishmanial activity in vivo. ARGLi exhibited a Vmax of 0.28 ± 0.016 mM/min and a Km of 5.1 ± 1.1 mM for L-arginine. The phenylpropanoids rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid (100 µM) showed percentages of inhibition of 71.48 ± 0.85% and 56.98 ± 5.51%, respectively. Moreover, rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid displayed the greatest effects against L. infantum with IC50 values of 57.3 ± 2.65 and 60.8 ± 11 μM for promastigotes, and 7.9 ± 1.7 and 21.9 ± 5.0 µM for intracellular amastigotes, respectively. Only caffeic acid significantly increased nitric oxide production by infected macrophages. Altogether, our results broaden the current spectrum of known arginase inhibitors and revealed promising drug candidates for the therapy of visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza R Garcia
- a Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Danielle M P Oliveira
- b Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia F Amaral
- c Department of Natural Products , Farmanguinhos, FIOCRUZ , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Jéssica B Jesus
- d Department of Drugs and Medicines , School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Rennó Sodero
- d Department of Drugs and Medicines , School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Alessandra M T Souza
- d Department of Drugs and Medicines , School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- e Neurofarba Department , Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Florence , Italy
| | - Alane B Vermelho
- f Department of General Microbiology , Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Igor A Rodrigues
- a Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.,g Department of Natural Products and Food , School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Anderson S Pinheiro
- b Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
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Cloning, Purification, and Characterization of a β-Carbonic Anhydrase from Malassezia restricta, an Opportunistic Pathogen Involved in Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102447. [PMID: 31108925 PMCID: PMC6566260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cloning, purification, and initial characterization of the β-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Malassezia restricta (MreCA), which a fungus involved in dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis (SD), is reported. MreCA is a protein consisting of 230 amino acid residues and shows high catalytic activity for the hydration of CO2 into bicarbonate and protons, with the following kinetic parameters: kcat of 1.06 × 106 s−1 and kcat/KM of 1.07 × 108 M−1 s−1. It is also sensitive to inhibition by the sulfonamide acetazolamide (KI of 50.7 nM). Phylogenetically, MreCA and other CAs from various Malassezia species seem to be on a different branch, distinct from that of other β-CAs found in fungi, such as Candida spp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Sordaria macrospora, with only Cryptococcus neoformans and Ustilago maydis enzymes clustering near MreCA. The further characterization of this enzyme and the identification of inhibitors that may interfere with its life cycle might constitute new strategies for fighting dandruff and SD.
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Mikuš P, Krajčiová D, Mikulová M, Horváth B, Pecher D, Garaj V, Bua S, Angeli A, Supuran CT. Novel sulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine and amino acid structural motifs as inhibitors of the physiological carbonic anhydrase isozymes I, II and IV and tumor-associated isozyme IX. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:241-252. [PMID: 30153589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A new series of thirty s-triazinyl-substituted aminoalkylbenzenesulfonamides, incorporating a symmetric pair of amino acid moieties, is reported, together with inhibition studies of physiologically relevant human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms. Specifically, against the cytosolic hCA I, II, transmembrane hCA IV and the tumor-associated, membrane-bound hCA IX. The compounds were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of chlorine atoms from cyanuric chloride (2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine) using environmentally friendly water-based synthetic conditions. The products yields ranged in the interval of 43-97%. Purity of the products was verified by the HPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-TOF MS method. Identity of the products was confirmed by the same method plus NMR and IR. The products showed weak inhibition of the cytosolic, off-target isozyme hCA II, but some of them were low nanomolar (i.e. strong) inhibitors of the tumor-associated hCA IX. The series offered representatives selective towards isozymes hCA I, IV and IX. 2,2'-((6-((4-sulfamoylphenethyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(imino))disuccinic acid demonstrated highest selectivity to the tumor-associated isoform hCA IX over off-target isozymes, with impressive KI ratio (hCA II/hCA IX) 213.9 and inhibition constant equal to acetazolamide (KI = 25.8 nM). Although the selectivities of some other products, e.g. those conjugating Leu and Glu, were a bit lower (188.7 and 84.3, respectively) their inhibition constants were similar to acetazolamide too (24.0 and 27.1, respectively). The selected most impressive results from the inhibition study were interpreted via molecular modeling experiment (docking in Glide) revealing different inter-molecular enzyme-substrate interaction of 2,2'-((6-((4-sulfamoylphenethyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(imino))disuccinic acid within specific hCA IX and hCA II microregions. Therefore, several selected compounds from this study can be considered as highly effective and selective inhibitors of hCA IX, worthy to further (preclinical) investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mikuš
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Centre, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Dominika Krajčiová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Mária Mikulová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Branislav Horváth
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Daniel Pecher
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Centre, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Vladimír Garaj
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Centre, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Silvia Bua
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
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Supuran CT, Alterio V, Di Fiore A, D' Ambrosio K, Carta F, Monti SM, De Simone G. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX targets primary tumors, metastases, and cancer stem cells: Three for the price of one. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1799-1836. [PMID: 29635752 DOI: 10.1002/med.21497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX is a tumor-associated protein, since it is scarcely present in normal tissues, but highly overexpressed in a large number of solid tumors, where it actively contributes to survival and metastatic spread of tumor cells. Due to these features, the characterization of its biochemical, structural, and functional features for drug design purposes has been extensively carried out, with consequent development of several highly selective small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies to be used for different purposes. Aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art of studies performed on this enzyme, regarding structural, functional, and biomedical aspects, as well as the development of molecules with diagnostic and therapeutic applications for cancer treatment. A brief description of additional pharmacologic applications for CA IX inhibition in other diseases, such as arthritis and ischemia, is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Anna Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Carta
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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Alterio V, Esposito D, Monti SM, Supuran CT, De Simone G. Crystal structure of the human carbonic anhydrase II adduct with 1-(4-sulfamoylphenyl-ethyl)-2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium perchlorate, a membrane-impermeant, isoform selective inhibitor. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 33:151-157. [PMID: 29199489 PMCID: PMC7011996 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1405263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridinium containing sulfonamides have been largely investigated as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), showing interesting selectivity features. Nevertheless, only few structural studies are so far available on adducts that these compounds form with diverse CA isoforms. In this paper, we report the structural characterization of the adduct that a triphenylpyridinium derivative forms with hCA II, showing that the substitution of the pyridinium ring plays a key role in determining the conformation of the inhibitor in the active site and consequently the binding affinity to the enzyme. These findings open new perspectives on the basic structural requirements for designing sulfonamide CAIs with a selective inhibition profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davide Esposito
- a Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimagini-CNR , Naples , Italy
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
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Abstract
Frequently observed phenotypes of tumours include high metabolic activity, hypoxia and poor perfusion; these act to produce an acidic microenvironment. Cellular function depends on pH homoeostasis, and thus, tumours become dependent on pH regulatory mechanisms. Many of the proteins involved in pH regulation are highly expressed in tumours, and their expression is often of prognostic significance. The more acidic tumour microenvironment also has important implications with regard to chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic interventions. In addition, we review pH-sensing mechanisms, the role of pH regulation in tumour phenotype and the use of pH regulatory mechanisms as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan McIntyre
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Medical Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Juozapaitienė V, Bartkutė B, Michailovienė V, Zakšauskas A, Baranauskienė L, Satkūnė S, Matulis D. Purification, enzymatic activity and inhibitor discovery for recombinant human carbonic anhydrase XIV. J Biotechnol 2016; 240:31-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Jun SY, Kim SH, Kanth BK, Lee J, Pack SP. Expression and characterization of a codon-optimized alkaline-stable carbonic anhydrase from Aliivibrio salmonicida for CO 2 sequestration applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 40:413-421. [PMID: 27896426 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The CO2 mineralization process, accelerated by carbonic anhydrase (CA) was proposed for the efficient capture and storage of CO2, the accumulation of which in the atmosphere is the main cause of global warming. Here, we characterize a highly stable form of the cloned CA from the Gram-negative marine bacterium Aliivibrio salmonicida, named ASCA that can promote CO2 absorption in an alkaline solvent required for efficient carbon capture. We designed a mature form of ASCA (mASCA) using a codon optimization of ASCA gene and removal of ASCA signal peptide. mASCA was highly expressed (255 mg/L) with a molecular weight of approximately 26 kDa. The mASCA enzyme exhibited stable esterase activity within a temperature range of 10-60 °C and a pH range of 6-11. mASCA activity remained stable for 48 h at pH 10. We also investigated its inhibition profiles using inorganic anions, such as acetazolamide, sulfanilamide, iodide, nitrate, and azide. We also demonstrate that mASCA is capable of catalyzing the conversion of CO2 to CaCO3 (calcite form) in the presence of Ca2+. It should be noted that mASCA enzyme exhibits high production yield and sufficient stabilities against relatively high temperature and alkaline pH, which are required conditions for the development of more efficient enzymatic CCS systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Jun
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-Ro, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-Ro, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Bashista Kumar Kanth
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-Ro, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Jinwon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Seoul, 04107, Korea.
| | - Seung Pil Pack
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-Ro, Sejong, 30019, Korea.
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Durgun M, Turkmen H, Ceruso M, Supuran CT. Synthesis of 4-sulfamoylphenyl-benzylamine derivatives with inhibitory activity against human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:982-8. [PMID: 26803577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Imine derivatives were obtained by condensation of sulfanilamide with substituted aromatic aldehydes. The Schiff bases were thereafter reduced with sodium borohydride, leading to the corresponding amines, derivatives of 4-sulfamoylphenyl-benzylamine. These sulfonamides were investigated as inhibitors of the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA I and II (cytosolic isozymes), as well as hCA IX and XII (transmembrane, tumor-associated enzymes). We noted that the compounds incorporating secondary amine moieties showed a better inhibitory activity against all CA isozymes compared to the corresponding Schiff bases. Low nanomolar CA II, IX and XII inhibitors were detected, whereas the activity against hCA I was less potent. The secondary amines incorporating sulfonamide or similar zinc-binding groups, poorly investigated chemotypes for designing metalloenzyme inhibitors, may offer interesting opportunities in the field due to the facile preparation and possibility to explore a vast chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Turkmen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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Perut F, Carta F, Bonuccelli G, Grisendi G, Di Pompo G, Avnet S, Sbrana FV, Hosogi S, Dominici M, Kusuzaki K, Supuran CT, Baldini N. Carbonic anhydrase IX inhibition is an effective strategy for osteosarcoma treatment. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1593-605. [PMID: 26357839 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1086339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia-inducible factor 1, a regulator of CA IX activity, is often overexpressed in human osteosarcoma (OS) but not in normal tissues, and its expression levels correlate with prognosis. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of newly synthesized CA IX sulfonamide inhibitors in OS. METHODS CA IX expression was evaluated in OS cell lines and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). After treatment with CA IX inhibitors, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, extracellular and cytosolic pH changes were evaluated both in vitro and in mouse OS xenografts. RESULTS CA IX expression levels were significantly higher in OS than in BMSC. Accordingly, CA IX inhibitor 3 induced remarkable cytotoxicity on OS cells without affecting BMSC proliferation. This activity was increased under hypoxia, and was mediated by cell cycle arrest and by the modulation of cytosolic and extracellular pH. In vivo, CA IX inhibitor 3 reduced tumor growth by inducing significant necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a strong rationale for the clinical use of the newly synthesized CA IX inhibitor 3 in human OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Perut
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ;
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- b 2 University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NEUROFARBA Department , Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Gloria Bonuccelli
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ;
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- c 3 University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults , Modena, Italy
| | - Gemma Di Pompo
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ;
| | - Sofia Avnet
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ;
| | - Francesca Vittoria Sbrana
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ;
| | - Shigekuni Hosogi
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ;
| | - Massimo Dominici
- c 3 University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults , Modena, Italy
| | - Katsuyuki Kusuzaki
- d 4 Kyoto Kujo Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , Kyoto, Japan
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b 2 University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NEUROFARBA Department , Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- a 1 Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory for Orthopaedic Pathophysiology and Regenerative Medicine , via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy +39 05 16 36 66 78 ; +39 05 16 36 68 97 ; .,e 5 University of Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , Bologna, Italy
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Doss M, Kolb HC, Walsh JC, Mocharla VP, Zhu Z, Haka M, Alpaugh RK, Chen DYT, Yu JQ. Biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of the carbonic anhydrase IX imaging agent [(18) F]VM4-037 determined from PET/CT scans in healthy volunteers. Mol Imaging Biol 2015; 16:739-46. [PMID: 24696183 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0730-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE [(18) F]VM4-037 has been developed as a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging marker to detect carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX) overexpression and is being investigated for use as a surrogate marker for tissue hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to determine the biodistribution and estimate the radiation dose from [(18) F]VM4-037 using whole-body PET/CT scans in healthy human volunteers. PROCEDURES Successive whole-body PET/CT scans were performed after intravenous injection of [(18) F]VM4-037 in four healthy humans. The radiotracer uptakes in different organs were determined from the analysis of the PET scans. Human radiation doses were estimated using OLINDA/EXM software. RESULTS High uptake of [(18) F]VM4-037 was observed in the liver and kidneys, with little clearance of activity during the study period, with mean standardized uptake values of ~35 in liver and ~22 in kidneys at ~1 h after injection. The estimated effective dose was 28 ± 1 μSv/MBq and the absorbed doses for the kidneys and liver were 273 ± 31 and 240 ± 68 μGy/MBq, respectively, for the adult male phantom. Hence, the effective dose would be 10 ± 0.5 mSv for the anticipated injected activity of 370 MBq, and the kidney and liver doses would be 101 ± 11 and 89 ± 25 mGy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS [(18) F]VM4-037 displayed very high uptake in the liver and kidneys with little clearance of activity during the study period, resulting in these organs receiving the highest radiation doses among all bodily organs. Though the effective dose and the organ doses are within the limits considered as safe, the enhanced uptake of [(18) F]VM4-037 in the kidneys and liver will make the compound unsuitable for imaging overexpression of CA-IX in those two organs. However, the tracer may be suitable for imaging overexpression of CA-IX in lesions in other regions of the body such as in the lungs or head and neck region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Doss
- Diagnostic Imaging, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111-2497, USA
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Ameis HM, Drenckhan A, Freytag M, Izbicki JR, Supuran CT, Reinshagen K, Holland-Cunz S, Gros SJ. Carbonic anhydrase IX correlates with survival and is a potential therapeutic target for neuroblastoma. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:404-9. [PMID: 25884234 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1029471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is involved in pathological processes including tumorgenicity, metastases and poor survival in solid tumors. Twenty-two neuroblastoma samples of patients who were surgically treated at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf were evaluated immunohistochemically for expression of CAIX. Results were correlated with clinical parameters and outcome. Neuroblastoma Kelly and SH-EP-Tet-21/N cells were examined for CAIX expression and inhibited with specific inhibitors, FC5-207A and FC8-325A. 32% of neuroblastoma tumors expressed CAIX. This was significantly associated with poorer survival. Kelly and SH-EP-Tet-21/N cells showed a major increase of CAIX RNA under hypoxic conditions. Proliferation of Kelly cells was significantly decreased by CAIX inhibitors, FC5-207A and FC8-325A, while proliferation of SH-EP-Tet-21/N cells was only significantly affected by FC8-325A. CAIX is a potent biomarker that predicts survival in neuroblastoma patients. CAIX-targeted therapy in neuroblastoma cell lines is highly effective and strengthens the potential of CAIX as a clinical therapeutic target in a selected patient collective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Ameis
- a Department of Pediatric Surgery , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf/Altona Children's Hospital , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Astrid Drenckhan
- b Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Morton Freytag
- b Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- b Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- c Department Neurofarba , Sezione di Scienze farmaceutiche, University of Florence , Florence , Italy , and
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- a Department of Pediatric Surgery , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf/Altona Children's Hospital , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Stefan Holland-Cunz
- d Department of Pediatric Surgery , University Children's Hospital of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Stephanie J Gros
- b Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany .,d Department of Pediatric Surgery , University Children's Hospital of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
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Durgun M, Turkmen H, Ceruso M, Supuran CT. Synthesis of Schiff base derivatives of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonamide with inhibitory activity against carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2377-81. [PMID: 25913118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Schiff base derivatives were obtained by reaction of 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonamide with aromatic aldehydes. The corresponding secondary amine derivatives were also prepared by reduction of the imine compounds with NaBH4. These derivatives were investigated as inhibitors of four human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, the cytosolic isozymes hCA I and II, as well as, the transmembrane, tumor-associated hCA IX and XII. Some of the newly synthesised compounds showed effective inhibitory activities against these CA isozymes. Many low nanomolar inhibitors were detected against all isoforms among the secondary amines whereas the Schiff bases were by far less active compared to the corresponding reduced derivatives among all investigated isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Turkmen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, 63190 Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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Mahon BP, Hendon AM, Driscoll JM, Rankin GM, Poulsen SA, Supuran CT, McKenna R. Saccharin: a lead compound for structure-based drug design of carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:849-54. [PMID: 25614109 PMCID: PMC4352949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a key modulator of aggressive tumor behavior and a prognostic marker and target for several cancers. Saccharin (SAC) based compounds may provide an avenue to overcome CA isoform specificity, as they display both nanomolar affinity and preferential binding, for CA IX compared to CA II (>50-fold for SAC and >1000-fold when SAC is conjugated to a carbohydrate moiety). The X-ray crystal structures of SAC and a SAC-carbohydrate conjugate bound to a CA IX-mimic are presented and compared to CA II. The structures provide substantial new insight into the mechanism of SAC selective CA isoform inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Mahon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Alex M Hendon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jenna M Driscoll
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Gregory M Rankin
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sally-Ann Poulsen
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Polo Scientifico, Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Mahon BP, Pinard MA, McKenna R. Targeting carbonic anhydrase IX activity and expression. Molecules 2015; 20:2323-48. [PMID: 25647573 PMCID: PMC6272707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20022323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic tumors are often hypoxic exhibiting a decrease in extracellular pH (~6.5) due to a metabolic transition described by the Warburg Effect. This shift in tumor cell metabolism alters the tumor milieu inducing tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell motility, invasiveness, and often resistance to common anti-cancer treatments; hence hindering treatment of aggressive cancers. As a result, tumors exhibiting this phenotype are directly associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival rates in cancer patients. A key component to this tumor microenvironment is carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX). Knockdown of CA IX expression or inhibition of its activity has been shown to reduce primary tumor growth, tumor proliferation, and also decrease tumor resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapies. As such several approaches have been taken to target CA IX in tumors via small-molecule, anti-body, and RNAi delivery systems. Here we will review recent developments that have exploited these approaches and provide our thoughts for future directions of CA IX targeting for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Mahon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Melissa A Pinard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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The structural comparison between membrane-associated human carbonic anhydrases provides insights into drug design of selective inhibitors. Biopolymers 2014; 101:769-78. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Tafreshi NK, Lloyd MC, Bui MM, Gillies RJ, Morse DL. Carbonic anhydrase IX as an imaging and therapeutic target for tumors and metastases. Subcell Biochem 2014; 75:221-54. [PMID: 24146382 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-7359-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) which is a zinc containing metalloprotein, efficiently catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. It is constitutively up-regulated in several cancer types and has an important role in tumor progression, acidification and metastasis. High expression of CAIX generally correlates with poor prognosis and is related to a decrease in the disease-free interval following successful therapy. Therefore, it is considered as a prognostic indicator in oncology.In this review, we describe CAIX regulation and its role in tumor hypoxia, acidification and metastasis. In addition, the molecular imaging of CAIX and its potential for use in cancer detection, diagnosis, staging, and for use in following therapy response is discussed. Both antibodies and small molecular weight compounds have been used for targeted imaging of CAIX expression. The use of CAIX expression as an attractive and promising candidate marker for systemic anticancer therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges K Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Imaging and Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA,
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Iqbal S, Nisar-ur-Rahman, Iqbal J. A capillary electrophoresis-based enzyme assay for kinetics and inhibition studies of carbonic anhydrase. Anal Biochem 2013; 444:16-21. [PMID: 24064297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based enzyme assay for characterization and inhibition study of bovine carbonic anhydrase II (bCA II) was developed. The developed method is the first CE assay for carbonic anhydrase (CA). The method was optimized in order to get short analysis time, minimal sample volume consumption, and high resolution of substrate and product. The CE conditions were optimized as follows: fused-silica capillary (30 cm effective length×75 μm i.d.), pressure injection for 5s, 20mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9.0), constant voltage of 15 kV, constant capillary temperature of 25 °C, and detection at 260 nm. For precise measurements, uridine was used as an internal standard during optimization of the CE methods. The limits of detection and quantification for p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) were 3.01 and 9.12 μM, respectively, whereas for p-nitrophenolate they were 2.05 and 6.22 μM, respectively. The performance of the developed method was confirmed by determination of kinetic parameters (i.e., K(m) and V(max) of bCA for p-NPA); the inhibition constant (K(i)) was determined for furosemide, a standard inhibitor of CA. The new method proved to be fast and efficient, and it can be used for the investigation of inhibitors of all isoforms of CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Monti SM, Supuran CT, De Simone G. Anticancer carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: a patent review (2008 - 2013). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:737-49. [PMID: 23672415 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.798648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human carbonic anhydrases (EC 4.2.1.1) IX (hCA IX) and XII (hCA XII) are two tumor-associated proteins, being overexpressed in many tumors and involved in critical processes associated with cancer progression and response to therapy. Both are multi-domain proteins consisting of an extracellular catalytic domain (CA), a transmembrane portion (TM) and an intracytoplasmic (IC) segment. These domains have peculiar biochemical and physiological features. CA IX contains an additional proteoglycan-like (PG) domain at the N-terminus which constitutes a unique feature of this enzyme within the CA family. AREAS COVERED Starting from a brief description of the main molecular and catalytic features of both enzymes, their role in tumor physiology and their three-dimensional structure, this review describes the main classes of small molecule inhibitors, investigated between 2008 and 2013, able to inhibit these enzymes for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. EXPERT OPINION A consistent number of patents on molecules able to inhibit the catalytic activity of CA IX and CA XII have been recently reported. Most patents deal with classical sulfonamide derivatives, demonstrating that introducing suitable substituents on the inhibitor scaffold, good selectivity can be obtained. However, the most impressive results are related to compounds containing novel chemotypes, such as coumarins and thiocumarins. Thus, it is expected that research in next future will be more dedicated to the development of molecules containing new chemotypes and a large number of studies in such field have already been published demonstrating the role of these enzymes in carcinogenesis and metastases formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Maria Monti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
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Aggarwal M, McKenna R. Update on carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: a patent review (2008 – 2011). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 22:903-15. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.707646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Supuran CT. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX as a novel anticancer mechanism. World J Clin Oncol 2012; 3:98-103. [PMID: 22787577 PMCID: PMC3394083 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v3.i7.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 09/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the interconversion bewteen carbon dioxide and bicarbonate with generation of protons. The carbonic anhydrase isozyme IX (CA IX) is highly overexpresed in hypoxic tumors and shows very restricted expression in normal tissues. CA IX is a dimeric protein possessing very high catalytic activity for the hydration of carbon dioxide to protons and bicarbonate. Its quaternary structure is unique among members of this family of enzymes, allowing for structure-based drug design campaigns of selective inhibitors. Inhibition of CA IX with sulfonamide and/or coumarin inhibitors was recently shown to lead to a potent retardation for the growth of both primary tumors and metastases. Some fluorescent sulfonamides were shown to accumulate only in hypoxic tumor cells overexpressing CA IX, and might be used as diagnostic tools for imaging of hypoxic cancers. Sulfonamide inhibitors were also more effective in inhibiting the growth of the primary tumors when associated with irrdiation. CA IX is thus both a diagnostic and therapeutic validated target for the management of hypoxic tumors normally non-responsive to classical chemio- and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Room 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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Alterio V, Di Fiore A, D'Ambrosio K, Supuran CT, De Simone G. Multiple binding modes of inhibitors to carbonic anhydrases: how to design specific drugs targeting 15 different isoforms? Chem Rev 2012; 112:4421-68. [PMID: 22607219 DOI: 10.1021/cr200176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 932] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Alterio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
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Waghorn PA, Jones MW, McIntyre A, Innocenti A, Vullo D, Harris AL, Supuran CT, Dilworth JR. Targeting Carbonic Anhydrases with Fluorescent BODIPY-Labelled Sulfonamides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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48
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Salmon AJ, Williams ML, Maresca A, Supuran CT, Poulsen SA. Synthesis of glycoconjugate carbonic anhydrase inhibitors by ruthenium-catalysed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6058-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Abstract
The high metabolic rate of tumours often leads to acidosis and hypoxia in poorly perfused regions. Tumour cells have thus evolved the ability to function in a more acidic environment than normal cells. Key pH regulators in tumour cells include: isoforms 2, 9 and 12 of carbonic anhydrase, isoforms of anion exchangers, Na+/HCO3- co-transporters, Na+/H+ exchangers, monocarboxylate transporters and the vacuolar ATPase. Both small molecules and antibodies targeting these pH regulators are currently at various stages of clinical development. These antitumour mechanisms are not exploited by the classical cancer drugs and therefore represent a new anticancer drug discovery strategy.
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Morris JC, Chiche J, Grellier C, Lopez M, Bornaghi LF, Maresca A, Supuran CT, Pouysségur J, Poulsen SA. Targeting hypoxic tumor cell viability with carbohydrate-based carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6905-18. [PMID: 21851094 DOI: 10.1021/jm200892s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, specifically membrane-bound isozymes CA IX and CA XII, underpin a pH-regulating system that enables hypoxic tumor cell survival and proliferation. CA IX and XII are implicated as potential targets for the development of new hypoxic cancer therapies. To date, only a few small molecules have been characterized in CA-relevant cell and animal model systems. In this paper, we describe the development of a new class of carbohydrate-based small molecule CA inhibitors, many of which inhibit CA IX and XII within a narrow range of low nanomolar K(i) values (5.3-11.2 nM). We evaluate for the first time carbohydrate-based CA inhibitors in cell-based models that emulate the protective role of CA IX in an acidic tumor microenvironment. Our findings identified two inhibitors (compounds 5 and 17) that block CA IX-induced survival and have potential for development as in vivo cancer cell selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C Morris
- Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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