1
|
Yu L, Shao R, Guo Q, Hong H, Zhu N. The methodology for preparing domperidone: strategies, routes and reaction processes. RSC Adv 2022; 12:22869-22880. [PMID: 36105951 PMCID: PMC9377158 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03777g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Domperidone is a powerful peripheral dopamine receptor antagonist; however, a systematic review of the synthetic methods and processes of this drug has not been reported so far. This review summarizes the synthetic strategies, synthetic routes and reaction processes of domperidone in detail. Domperidone can be synthesized from the coupling reaction of two benzimidazolone derivatives (intermediates 1 and 2). Intermediate 1 can be prepared by two synthetic routes: the cyclization of o-phenylenediamine with carbonyl reagents followed by coupling with 1,3-dihalopropane, and the coupling reaction of o-halo or o-amino substituted nitrobenzene with 1,3-disubstituted propane followed by reduction and cyclization. The latter route avoids the production of di-substituted by-products and has higher reaction selectivity. Intermediate 2 is synthesized by coupling substituted nitrobenzene with 4-aminopiperidine followed by reduction and cyclization, which is similar to the synthetic route of intermediate 1. Understanding the advantages and drawbacks of these synthetic methodologies would provide insights for the development of new strategies to prepare domperidone. Moreover, the methods used to synthesize domperidone can provide alternative approaches in the preparation of drugs or compounds with similar structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010051 China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot 010051 China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization Hohhot 010051 China
| | - Rixin Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010051 China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot 010051 China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization Hohhot 010051 China
| | - Qingxiang Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010051 China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot 010051 China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization Hohhot 010051 China
| | - Hailong Hong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010051 China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot 010051 China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization Hohhot 010051 China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot 010051 China
- Key Laboratory of CO2 Resource Utilization at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot 010051 China
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization Hohhot 010051 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Topuzyan VO, Hovhannisyan AA, Makichyan AT, Hunanyan LS. Synthesis and Anticholinesterase Activity of Some 2,5-Disubstituted Imidazol-4-ones Derived from the Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042802207003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
3
|
Dubowchik GM, Conway CM, Xin AW. Blocking the CGRP Pathway for Acute and Preventive Treatment of Migraine: The Evolution of Success. J Med Chem 2020; 63:6600-6623. [PMID: 32058712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The pivotal role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraine pathophysiology was identified over 30 years ago, but the successful clinical development of targeted therapies has only recently been realized. This Perspective traces the decades long evolution of medicinal chemistry required to advance small molecule CGRP receptor antagonists, also called gepants, including the current clinical agents rimegepant, vazegepant, ubrogepant, and atogepant. Providing clinically effective blockade of CGRP signaling required surmounting multiple challenging hurdles, including defeating a sizable ligand with subnanomolar affinity for its receptor, designing antagonists with an extended confirmation and multiple pharmacophores while retaining solubility and oral bioavailability, and achieving circulating free plasma levels that provided near maximal CGRP receptor coverage. The clinical efficacy of oral and intranasal gepants and the injectable CGRP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are described, as are recent synthetic developments that have benefited from new structural biology data. The first oral gepant was recently approved and heralds a new era in the treatment of migraine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gene M Dubowchik
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals Inc., 215 Church Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Charles M Conway
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals Inc., 215 Church Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Alison W Xin
- Biohaven Pharmaceuticals Inc., 215 Church Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
De Marco R, Zhao J, Greco A, Ioannone S, Gentilucci L. In-Peptide Synthesis of Imidazolidin-2-one Scaffolds, Equippable with Proteinogenic or Taggable/Linkable Side Chains, General Promoters of Unusual Secondary Structures. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4992-5004. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella De Marco
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Greco
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Ioannone
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Habay SA, Miller JM, Bowler MM, Manchak R, Thomas JZ. An efficient synthesis of the piperidinyl dihydroquinazolinone (PDQ) fragment of olcegepant. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
6
|
Vincent-Rocan JF, Derasp JS, Beauchemin AM. Diversity-oriented heterocyclic synthesis using divergent reactivity of N-substituted iso(thio)cyanates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16405-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07212c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reactions involving N-substituted isocyanates and isothiocyanates are compared: divergent reactivity is observed in cascade reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Vincent-Rocan
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Joshua S. Derasp
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - André M. Beauchemin
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu Y, Shi Y. Cu(I)-catalyzed sequential diamination and dehydrogenation of terminal olefins: a facile approach to imidazolinones. Chemistry 2014; 20:13901-4. [PMID: 25213994 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diamination of olefins presents a powerful strategy to access vicinal diamines. During the last decade, metal-catalyzed diamination of olefins has received considerable attention. This study describes an efficient sequential diamination and dehydrogenation process of terminal olefins with CuBr as catalyst and di-tert-butyldiaziridinone as nitrogen source, providing a facile and viable approach to a variety of imidazolin-2-ones, which are important structural motifs present in various biologically active molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingguang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (USA)
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bell IM. Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists: New Therapeutic Agents for Migraine. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7838-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500364u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Bell
- Department of Discovery Chemistry,
Merck Research Laboratories, West
Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dasgupta B, Kozlowski E, Schroeder DR, Torrente JR, Xu C, Pin S, Conway CM, Dubowchik GM, Macor JE, Vrudhula VM. Serendipitous oxidation product of BIBN4096BS: A potent CGRP receptor antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2744-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
10
|
Joshi P, Anderson C, Binch H, Hadida S, Yoo S, Bergeron D, Decker C, terHaar E, Moore J, Garcia-Guzman M, Termin A. Identification of potent CNS-penetrant thiazolidinones as novel CGRP receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:845-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
11
|
Ruiz J, Mesa AF. From Diphosphino-Functionalized 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Cations to Imidazolones through Dehydrogenative CN Coupling. Chemistry 2013; 20:102-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
12
|
Proulx C, Lubell WD. N-Amino-imidazolin-2-one peptide mimic synthesis and conformational analysis. Org Lett 2012; 14:4552-5. [PMID: 22892053 PMCID: PMC3437692 DOI: 10.1021/ol302021n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Base-promoted 5-exo-dig cyclizations of aza-propargylglycinamides provided N-amino-imidazolin-2-one peptide mimics, which exhibited turn geometry in X-ray crystallographic and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Sonogashira coupling prior to cyclization afforded N-amino-imidazolin-2-ones with diverse 4-position aromatic substituents with potential to serve as Phe and Trp mimics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Proulx
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Design and synthesis of potent antagonists containing rigid spirocyclic privileged structures for the CGRP receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4719-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
Negro A, Lionetto L, Simmaco M, Martelletti P. CGRP receptor antagonists: an expanding drug class for acute migraine? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:807-18. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.681044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
15
|
Leahy DK, Desai LV, Deshpande RP, Mariadass AV, Rangaswamy S, Rajagopal SK, Madhavan L, Illendula S. Development of Two Complementary Syntheses for a Privileged CGRP Receptor Antagonist Substructure. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op2003634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Antony V. Mariadass
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Jigni Link Road, Bangalore - 560
099, India
| | | | - Santhosh K. Rajagopal
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Jigni Link Road, Bangalore - 560
099, India
| | - Lakshmi Madhavan
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Jigni Link Road, Bangalore - 560
099, India
| | - Shashidhar Illendula
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Jigni Link Road, Bangalore - 560
099, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Structural insights into RAMP modification of secretin family G protein-coupled receptors: implications for drug development. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2011; 32:591-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
17
|
Hewings DS, Wang M, Philpott M, Fedorov O, Uttarkar S, Filippakopoulos P, Picaud S, Vuppusetty C, Marsden B, Knapp S, Conway SJ, Heightman TD. 3,5-dimethylisoxazoles act as acetyl-lysine-mimetic bromodomain ligands. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6761-70. [PMID: 21851057 PMCID: PMC3188285 DOI: 10.1021/jm200640v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Histone–lysine acetylation is a vital chromatin post-translational modification involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. Bromodomains bind acetylated lysines, acting as readers of the histone-acetylation code. Competitive inhibitors of this interaction have antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. With 57 distinct bromodomains known, the discovery of subtype-selective inhibitors of the histone–bromodomain interaction is of great importance. We have identified the 3,5-dimethylisoxazole moiety as a novel acetyl-lysine bioisostere, which displaces acetylated histone-mimicking peptides from bromodomains. Using X-ray crystallographic analysis, we have determined the interactions responsible for the activity and selectivity of 4-substituted 3,5-dimethylisoxazoles against a selection of phylogenetically diverse bromodomains. By exploiting these interactions, we have developed compound 4d, which has IC50 values of <5 μM for the bromodomain-containing proteins BRD2(1) and BRD4(1). These compounds are promising leads for the further development of selective probes for the bromodomain and extra C-terminal domain (BET) family and CREBBP bromodomains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Hewings
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ones have applications in many areas of medicinal chemistry that are not restricted to 'classical' CNS treatments such as sedatives, epilepsy and muscle relaxants. We will describe selected examples of 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones in other areas of medicinal chemistry including uses as G-protein-coupled receptor antagonists, enzyme inhibitors and anticancer agents. Examples from our group will mainly show the use of palladacycle complexes of 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones as anticancer agents.
Collapse
|
19
|
Boutard N, Dufour-Gallant J, Deaudelin P, Lubell WD. Pyrrolo[3,2-e][1,4]diazepin-2-one Synthesis: A Head-to-Head Comparison of Soluble versus Insoluble Supports. J Org Chem 2011; 76:4533-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200424q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Boutard
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Julien Dufour-Gallant
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Philippe Deaudelin
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shu W, Yu Q, Jia G, Ma S. Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of 2,3-Allenyl Amines, Isocyanates, and Organic Halides: A Diversified Assembly of Imidazolidinones. Chemistry 2011; 17:4720-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
21
|
Gustin DJ, Ma Z, Min X, Li Y, Hedberg C, Guimaraes C, Porter AC, Lindstrom M, Lester-Zeiner D, Xu G, Carlson TJ, Xiao S, Meleza C, Connors R, Wang Z, Kayser F. Identification of potent, noncovalent fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2492-6. [PMID: 21392988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Starting from a series of ureas that were determined to be mechanism-based inhibitors of FAAH, several spirocyclic ureas and lactams were designed and synthesized. These efforts identified a series of novel, noncovalent FAAH inhibitors with in vitro potency comparable to known covalent FAAH inhibitors. The mechanism of action for these compounds was determined through a combination of SAR and co-crystallography with rat FAAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darin J Gustin
- Department of Chemistry, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, 1120 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gong X, Yang H, Liu H, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Fu H. Simple and Efficient Copper-Catalyzed Approach to 2,4-Disubstituted Imidazolones. Org Lett 2010; 12:3128-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ol1008813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Diness F, Meldal M. Amino acid derived 1,4-dialkyl substituted imidazolones. Biopolymers 2010; 94:236-41. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.21359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
24
|
Paone DV, Staas DD. Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists for the treatment of migraine: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 19:1675-713. [PMID: 19939188 DOI: 10.1517/13543770903359822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a debilitating headache disorder which affects approximately 12% of the general population and is the cause of significant loss of productivity (i.e., lost time from work or school) for those afflicted. The current standard of care, the 5-HT(1B/1D) agonists known as triptans, is contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular disease due to their inherent vasoconstrictive activity; thus, there is a need to develop an alternative therapy for the treatment of the disorder. OBJECTIVE This article reviews patent publications related to the use of small molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists for the treatment of migraine that have appeared in the literature within the past decade. The commentary is supplemented by information presented in journal articles and focuses on the activity of several major pharmaceutical companies in the field. CONCLUSION Two small molecule CGRP receptor antagonists, olcegepant and telcagepant, have been shown to be clinically efficacious in the treatment of migraine, and thus provide validation of this novel therapeutic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Paone
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Burgey CS, Potteiger CM, Deng JZ, Mosser SD, Salvatore CA, Yu S, Roller S, Kane SA, Vacca JP, Williams TM. Optimization of azepanone calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists: Development of novel spiropiperidines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6368-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
26
|
Zhao B, Du H, Shi Y. Cu(I)-catalyzed C-H alpha-amination of aryl ketones: direct synthesis of imidazolinones. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4411-3. [PMID: 19402696 DOI: 10.1021/jo9004553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an alpha-amination process of aryl ketones using CuCl as catalyst and di-tert-butyldiaziridinone as the nitrogen source. A variety of imidazolinone derivatives are prepared in moderate yields under mild conditions. A possible catalytic cycle is proposed for this reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Diness F, Meldal M. Imidazolones in Diastereoselective Cyclization Reactions and CuII-Catalysed Cross-Coupling Reactions. Chemistry 2009; 15:7044-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
28
|
Narendra Babu SN, Abdul Rahim AS, Hamid SA, Yeap CS, Fun HK. 4-(sec-Butyl-amino)-3-nitro-benzoic acid. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o1557-o1558. [PMID: 21582841 PMCID: PMC2969477 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809021655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of title compound, C(11)H(14)N(2)O(4), consists of two crystallographically independent mol-ecules (A and B). In each, intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate S(6) ring motifs. The mean plane of the nitro group forms dihedral angles of 4.5 (3) and 0.5 (3)° with the benzene ring in mol-ecules A and B, respectively. In mol-ecule A, there is disorder of the butyl-amino group which corresponds to an approximate 180° rotation about the N-C(H) bond, forming two sites with refined occupancies of 0.722 (6) and 0.278 (6). Mol-ecule B is similarly disordered but in addition there is further rotational disorder about the C(H)-C(H(2)) bond giving a ratio of occupancies for three components of 0.42:0.35:0.23. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into centrosymmetric dimers generating R(2) (2)(8) ring motifs. The crystal structure is also stabilized by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shafida Abd Hamid
- Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Istana, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Chin Sing Yeap
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hoong-Kun Fun
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stump CA, Bell IM, Bednar RA, Bruno JG, Fay JF, Gallicchio SN, Johnston VK, Moore EL, Mosser SD, Quigley AG, Salvatore CA, Theberge CR, Blair Zartman C, Zhang XF, Kane SA, Graham SL, Vacca JP, Williams TM. The discovery of highly potent CGRP receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:214-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
30
|
Williams TM, Burgey CS, Salvatore CA. Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists for the treatment of migraine. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2009; 47:1-35. [PMID: 19328288 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(08)00201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Williams
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bridges TM, Brady AE, Kennedy JP, Daniels RN, Miller NR, Kim K, Breininger ML, Gentry PR, Brogan JT, Jones CK, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW. Synthesis and SAR of analogues of the M1 allosteric agonist TBPB. Part I: Exploration of alternative benzyl and privileged structure moieties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5439-42. [PMID: 18805692 PMCID: PMC3177598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This Letter describes the first account of the synthesis and SAR, developed through an iterative analogue library approach, of analogues of the highly selective M1 allosteric agonist TBPB. With slight structural changes, mAChR selectivity was maintained, but the degree of partial M1 agonism varied considerably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Bridges
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 802 Robinson Research Building, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Burgey CS, Paone DV, Shaw AW, Deng JZ, Nguyen DN, Potteiger CM, Graham SL, Vacca JP, Williams TM. Synthesis of the (3R,6S)-3-amino-6-(2,3-difluorophenyl)azepan-2-one of telcagepant (MK-0974), a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist for the treatment of migraine headache. Org Lett 2008; 10:3235-8. [PMID: 18590336 DOI: 10.1021/ol8011524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two novel routes have been developed to the (3 R,6 S)-3-amino-6-(2,3-difluorophenyl)-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)azepan-2-one 2 of the CGRP receptor antagonist clinical candidate telcagepant (MK-0974, 1). The first employs a ring-closing metathesis of the styrene 7 as the key reaction, while the second makes use of a highly diastereoselective Hayashi-Miyaura Rh-catalyzed arylboronic acid addition to nitroalkene 16. The latter route has been implemented to produce multigram quantities of telcagepant for extensive preclinical evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Burgey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nguyen DN, Paone DV, Shaw AW, Burgey CS, Mosser SD, Johnston V, Salvatore CA, Leonard YM, Miller-Stein CM, Kane SA, Koblan KS, Vacca JP, Graham SL, Williams TM. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists: Investigations of a pyridinone template. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:755-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2007] [Revised: 11/09/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
34
|
Paone DV, Shaw AW, Nguyen DN, Burgey CS, Deng JZ, Kane SA, Koblan KS, Salvatore CA, Mosser SD, Johnston VK, Wong BK, Miller-Stein CM, Hershey JC, Graham SL, Vacca JP, Williams TM. Potent, orally bioavailable calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists for the treatment of migraine: discovery of N-[(3R,6S)-6-(2,3-difluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1- (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)azepan-3-yl]-4- (2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin- 1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxamide (MK-0974). J Med Chem 2007; 50:5564-7. [PMID: 17929795 DOI: 10.1021/jm070668p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine. Herein we describe optimization of CGRP receptor antagonists based on an earlier lead structure containing a (3R)-amino-(6S)-phenylcaprolactam core. Replacement of the phenylimidazolinone with an azabenzimidazolone gave stable derivatives with lowered serum shifts. Extensive SAR studies of the C-6 aryl moiety revealed the potency-enhancing effect of the 2,3-difluorophenyl group, and trifluoroethylation of the N-1 amide position resulted in improved oral bioavailabilities, ultimately leading to clinical candidate 38 (MK-0974).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Paone
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 4, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Shaw AW, Paone DV, Nguyen DN, Stump CA, Burgey CS, Mosser SD, Salvatore CA, Rutledge RZ, Kane SA, Koblan KS, Graham SL, Vacca JP, Williams TM. Caprolactams as potent CGRP receptor antagonists for the treatment of migraine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:4795-8. [PMID: 17616394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2007] [Revised: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 06/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine. Replacements for the benzodiazepine core of an earlier lead structure 1 including 5-, 6-, and 7-membered lactams were explored. Within the 7-membered ring scaffold, phenyl substitution at various positions afforded the potent (3R)-amino-(6S)-phenyl caprolactam template. The phenylimidazolinone privileged structure gave additional potency enhancements, as 24 showed good potency in both CGRP binding (K(i)=2 nM) and cAMP (IC(50)=4 nM) assays and was orally bioavailable in rats (27%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony W Shaw
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bell IM, Bednar RA, Fay JF, Gallicchio SN, Hochman JH, McMasters DR, Miller-Stein C, Moore EL, Mosser SD, Pudvah NT, Quigley AG, Salvatore CA, Stump CA, Theberge CR, Wong BK, Zartman CB, Zhang XF, Kane SA, Graham SL, Vacca JP, Williams TM. Identification of novel, orally bioavailable spirohydantoin CGRP receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:6165-9. [PMID: 17027263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2006] [Revised: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A rapid analogue approach to identification of spirohydantoin-based CGRP antagonists provided novel, low molecular weight leads. Modification of these leads afforded a series of nanomolar benzimidazolinone-based CGRP receptor antagonists. The oral bioavailability of these antagonists was inversely correlated with polar surface area, suggesting that membrane permeability was a key limitation to absorption. Optimization provided compound 12, a potent CGRP receptor antagonist (K(i)=21nM) with good oral bioavailability in three species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Bell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|