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Jia N, Zhang B, Huo Z, Qin J, Ji Q, Geng Y. Binding patterns of inhibitors to different pockets of kinesin Eg5. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 756:109998. [PMID: 38641233 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The kinesin-5 family member, Eg5, plays very important role in the mitosis. As a mitotic protein, Eg5 is the target of various mitotic inhibitors. There are two targeting pockets in the motor domain of Eg5, which locates in the α2/L5/α3 region and the α4/α6 region respectively. We investigated the interactions between the different inhibitors and the two binding pockets of Eg5 by using all-atom molecular dynamics method. Combined the conformational analysis with the free-energy calculation, the binding patterns of inhibitors to the two binding pockets are shown. The α2/L5/α3 pocket can be divided into 4 regions. The structures and binding conformations of inhibitors in region 1 and 2 are highly conserved. The shape of α4/α6 pocket is alterable. The space of this pocket in ADP-binding state of Eg5 is larger than that in ADP·Pi-binding state due to the limitation of a hydrogen bond formed in the ADP·Pi-binding state. The results of this investigation provide the structural basis of the inhibitor-Eg5 interaction and offer a reference for the Eg5-targeted drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jia
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziling Huo
- School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Qin
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, China
| | - Qing Ji
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yizhao Geng
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
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2
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Hamedani NF, Ghazvini M, Sheikholeslami‐Farahani F, Bagherian‐Jamnani MT. ZnO nanorods as efficient catalyst for the green synthesis of thiophene derivatives: Investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Faal Hamedani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Valiasr, Tehran BranchTechnical and Vocational University (TVU) Tehran Iran
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3
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Khathi SP, Chandrasekaran B, Karunanidhi S, Tham CL, Kozielski F, Sayyad N, Karpoormath R. Design and synthesis of novel thiadiazole-thiazolone hybrids as potential inhibitors of the human mitotic kinesin Eg5. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2930-2938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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4
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Eg5 inhibitor YL001 induces mitotic arrest and inhibits tumor proliferation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42510-42524. [PMID: 28489567 PMCID: PMC5522084 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eg5 is a kinesin spindle protein that controls chromosomal segregation in mitosis and is thus a critical drug target for cancer therapy. We report the discovery of a potent, selective inhibitor of Eg5 designated YL001. YL001 was obtained through shape similarity based virtual screening, and it bears a 1,5-disubstituted tetrazole scaffold. YL001 exhibits favorable bioactivity in a variety of cancer cell lines, including taxol-resistant ovarian cancer and 6TG-resistant breast cancer cell lines. This compound inhibits tumor growth by 60% and significantly prolongs median survival time by more than 50% in a xenograft mouse model. YL001 blocks the ATPase activity of Eg5 and causes mitotic failure, ultimately resulting in apoptosis of cancer cells through activation of the caspase-3 pathway. Our findings demonstrate that YL001 is a potent antitumor agent that may be developed for cancer therapeutics.
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Ihmaid S, Ahmed HEA, Zayed MF. The Design and Development of Potent Small Molecules as Anticancer Agents Targeting EGFR TK and Tubulin Polymerization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020408. [PMID: 29385728 PMCID: PMC5855630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Some novel anthranilate diamides derivatives 4a–e, 6a–c and 9a–d were designed and synthesized to be evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity. Structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by infra-red (IR), high-resolution mass (HR-MS) spectra, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Cytotoxic screening was performed according to (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium (MTT) assay method using erlotinib as a reference drug against two different types of breast cancer cells. The molecular docking study was performed for representative compounds against two targets, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and tubulin in colchicine binding site to assess their binding affinities in order to rationalize their anticancer activity in a qualitative way. The data obtained from the molecular modeling was correlated with that obtained from the biological screening. These data showed considerable anticancer activity for these newly synthesized compounds. Biological data for most of the anthranilate diamide showed excellent activity with nanomolar or sub nanomolar half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against tumor cells. EGFR tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibition assay, tubulin inhibition assay and apoptosis analysis were performed for selected compounds to get more details about their mechanism of action. Extensive structure activity relationship (SAR) analyses were also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Ihmaid
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacy College, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacy College, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F Zayed
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Pharmacy College, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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Anticancer and radio-sensitizing evaluation of some new sulfonamide derivatives bearing pyridone, thiophene, and hydrazone moieties. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-2903-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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7
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Dube D, Tiwari P, Kaur P. The hunt for antimitotic agents: an overview of structure-based design strategies. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:579-97. [PMID: 27077683 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2016.1174689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Structure-based drug discovery offers a rational approach for the design and development of novel anti-mitotic agents which target specific proteins involved in mitosis. This strategy has paved the way for development of a new generation of chemotypes which selectively interfere with the target proteins. The interference of these anti-mitotic targets implicated in diverse stages of mitotic cell cycle progression culminates in cancer cell apoptosis. AREAS COVERED This review covers the various mitotic inhibitors developed against validated mitotic checkpoint protein targets using structure-based design and optimization strategies. The protein-ligand interactions and the insights gained from these studies, culminating in the development of more potent and selective inhibitors, have been presented. EXPERT OPINION The advent of structure-based drug design coupled with advances in X-ray crystallography has revolutionized the discovery of candidate lead molecules. The structural insights gleaned from the co-complex protein-drug interactions have provided a new dimension in the design of anti-mitotic molecules to develop drugs with a higher selectivity and specificity profile. Targeting non-catalytic domains has provided an alternate approach to address cross-reactivity and broad selectivity among kinase inhibitors. The elucidation of structures of emerging mitotic drug targets has opened avenues for the design of inhibitors that target cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dube
- a Department of Biophysics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - P Tiwari
- a Department of Biophysics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - P Kaur
- a Department of Biophysics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
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8
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Recent findings and future directions for interpolar mitotic kinesin inhibitors in cancer therapy. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:463-89. [PMID: 26976726 PMCID: PMC4896392 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.16.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinesin class of microtubule-associated motor proteins present attractive anti-cancer targets owing to their roles in key functions in dividing cells. Two interpolar mitotic kinesins Eg5 and HSET have opposing motor functions in mitotic spindle assembly with respect to microtubule movement, but both offer opportunities to develop cancer selective therapeutic agents. Here, we summarize the progress to date in developing inhibitors of Eg5 and HSET, with an emphasis on structural biology insights into the binding modes of allosteric inhibitors, compound selectivity and mechanisms of action of different chemical scaffolds. We discuss translation of preclinical studies to clinical experience with Eg5 inhibitors, recent findings on potential resistance mechanisms, and explore the implications for future anticancer drug development against these targets.
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Zhang W, Zhai L, Lu W, Boohaker RJ, Padmalayam I, Li Y. Discovery of Novel Allosteric Eg5 Inhibitors Through Structure-Based Virtual Screening. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:178-87. [PMID: 26864917 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitotic kinesin Eg5 is an attractive anticancer drug target. Discovery of Eg5 inhibitors has been focused on targeting the 'monastrol-binding site'. However, acquired drug resistance has been reported for such inhibitors. Therefore, identifying new Eg5 inhibitors which function through a different mechanism(s) could complement current drug candidates and improve drug efficacy. In this study, we explored a novel allosteric site of Eg5 and identified new Eg5 inhibitors through structure-based virtual screening. Experiments with the saturation-transfer difference NMR demonstrated that the identified Eg5 inhibitor SRI35566 binds directly to Eg5 without involving microtubules. Moreover, SRI35566 and its two analogs significantly induced monopolar spindle formation in colorectal cancer HCT116 cells and suppressed cancer cell viability and colony formation. Together, our findings reveal a new allosteric regulation mechanism of Eg5 and a novel drug targeting site for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ling Zhai
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Wenyan Lu
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Rebecca J Boohaker
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Indira Padmalayam
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yonghe Li
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Tang J, Zhang J, Guan F, Qiu J, Fang Y, Yu L, Li J, Yang F, Zhang X, Li J. Design, Synthesis, in vitro Antiproliferative Activity Evaluation of 2-Acylaminothiopene-3-carboxamide Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2016. [DOI: 10.3987/com-16-13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Shi W, Wan L, Hu Y, Sun S, Li W, Peng Y, Wu M, Guo H, Wang J. Facile synthesis of 3-aldehyde-2-substituted thiophenes through Lewis base catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diols with ynals. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Syntheses, crystal structures, in vitro antitumor and free radical scavenging activity evaluation of a series of 2-substituted thiophenes. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Carrilho RMB, Almeida AR, Kiss M, Kollár L, Skoda-Földes R, Dąbrowski JM, Moreno MJSM, Pereira MM. One-Step Synthesis of Dicarboxamides through Pd-Catalysed Aminocarbonylation with Diamines as N-Nucleophiles. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kolli SK, Nakhi A, Archana S, Saridena M, Deora GS, Yellanki S, Medisetti R, Kulkarni P, Ramesh Raju R, Pal M. Ligand-free Pd-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling/cyclization strategy: An unprecedented access to 1-thienyl pyrroloquinoxalines for the new approach towards apoptosis. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:270-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Jiang B, Tu XJ, Wang X, Tu SJ, Li G. Copper(I)-catalyzed multicomponent reaction providing a new access to fully substituted thiophene derivatives. Org Lett 2014; 16:3656-9. [PMID: 24988049 PMCID: PMC4337423 DOI: 10.1021/ol501404x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Readily available triethylammonium 1-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-2-aroylethanethiolates are efficiently converted into a variety of fully substituted thiophene derivatives by copper(I)-catalyzed denitrogenative reactions with terminal alkynes and N-sulfonyl azides. This new reaction simultaneously installs C-N, C-S, and C-C bonds, allowing direct formation of highly functionalized thiophenes with a wide diversity in substituents in a one-pot manner. A plausible mechanism for the domino process is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xing-Jun Tu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute
of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech
University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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Anthranilic acid-based diamides derivatives incorporating aryl-isoxazoline pharmacophore as potential anticancer agents: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 54:549-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Kinesins are a family of molecular motors that travel unidirectionally along microtubule tracks to fulfil their many roles in intracellular transport or cell division. Over the past few years kinesins that are involved in mitosis have emerged as potential targets for cancer drug development. Several compounds that inhibit two mitotic kinesins (EG5 (also known as KIF11) and centromere-associated protein E (CENPE)) have entered Phase I and II clinical trials either as monotherapies or in combination with other drugs. Additional mitotic kinesins are currently being validated as drug targets, raising the possibility that the range of kinesin-based drug targets may expand in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Rath
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dömling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
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20
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Preliminary antifungal and cytotoxic evaluation of synthetic cycloalkyl[b]thiophene derivatives with PLS-DA analysis. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA 2012; 62:221-36. [PMID: 22750820 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-012-0017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-[(arylidene)amino]-cycloalkyl[b]thiophene-3-carbonitriles (2a-x) was synthesized by incorporation of substituted aromatic aldehydes in Gewald adducts (1a-c). The title compounds were screened for their antifungal activity against Candida krusei and Criptococcus neoformans and for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of 3 human cancer cell lines (HT29, NCI H-292 and HEP). For antiproliferative activity, the partial least squares (PLS) methodology was applied. Some of the prepared compounds exhibited promising antifungal and proliferative properties. The most active compounds for antifungal activity were cyclohexyl[b]thiophene derivatives, and for antiproliferative activity cycloheptyl[b]thiophene derivatives, especially 2-[(1H-indol-2-yl-methylidene)amino]- 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile (2r), which inhibited more than 97 % growth of the three cell lines. The PLS discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) applied generated good exploratory and predictive results and showed that the descriptors having shape characteristics were strongly correlated with the biological data.
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Kandeel M, Mounir AA, Refaat HM, Kassab AE. Synthesis of Potent Anticancer Thieno[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Derivatives. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3184/174751912x13333849411283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As part of our program to identify novel cytotoxic agents, various series of hexahydrocycloocta[4,5]thieno[2,3- d] pyrimidines and pyrimidin-4-ones substituted by aryl at the C-2 position together with phenylethylamino, substituted amino, hydrazinyl or arylidenhydrazinyl substituents at the C-4 position were synthesised. These compounds were prepared as bioisosteres of gefitinib, an antitumour drug used for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours. All compounds exhibited antitumour activity against (HCT 116) cell line in vitro. Eight compounds (IC50: 3.89, 4.65, 6.63, 6.94, 7.89, 9.53, 12.00 and 12.30 μg mL−1 respectively) exhibited 4.3 to 1.3 fold more potent antitumour activity than imatinib (IC50: 16.93 μg mL−1). Also, a docking study of the newly synthesised compounds with the active site of CDK2 was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.M. Kandeel
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. Mounir
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Refaat
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E. Kassab
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Nagarajan S, Skoufias DA, Kozielski F, Pae AN. Receptor–Ligand Interaction-Based Virtual Screening for Novel Eg5/Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2561-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201290v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- Neuro-Medicine Center, Life
Sciences Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- School of Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, 52 Eoeun
dongYuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Dimitrios A. Skoufias
- Institute for Structural Biology (CEA-CNRS-UJF), 41 rue Jules Horowitz, 38027
Grenoble Cedex 1, France,
| | - Frank Kozielski
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road,
Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, U.K
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Neuro-Medicine Center, Life
Sciences Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
- School of Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, 52 Eoeun
dongYuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
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23
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Kandeel M, Mounir AA, Refaat HM, Kassab AE. Synthesis of Thieno[2,3-d]Pyrimidines, Thieno[2,3-d]Triazinones and Thieno[2,3-e]Diazepinones of Anticipated Anti-Cancer Activity. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3184/174751912x13282020691270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 4-aminohexahydrocycloocta[4,5]thieno[2,3- d]pyrimidines, hexahydrocycloocta[4,5]thieno[2,3- d]-1,2,3-triazin-4-one and its N-3 substituted derivatives in addition to 3-aryl hexahydrocycloocta[4,5] thieno[2,3- e]-1,4-diazepin-5-ones were synthesised. Also, 2-(N-ethylcarbamothioylamino) hexahydrocycloocta[b] thiophene-3-carbonitrile and 19-imino tetradecahydrocycloocta[4’,5'] thieno[2’,3’:4,5]pyrimido[1,6- a] cycloocta[4,5]thieno [3,2- e]pyrimidine-9-thione were prepared. Almost all the synthesised compounds exhibited anti-tumour activity against human colon carcinoma (HCT 116) cell line in vitro. Five compounds (IC50: 15.92, 22.59, 25.85, 27.40 and 29.70 μM, respectively) exhibited 2.16 to 1.15 fold more potent antitumour activity than imatinib (IC50: 34.40 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- M.M. Kandeel
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. Mounir
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Refaat
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E. Kassab
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Jiang C, Yang L, Wu WT, Guo QL, You QD. CPUYJ039, a newly synthesized benzimidazole-based compound, is proved to be a novel inducer of apoptosis in HCT116 cells with potent KSP inhibitory activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 63:1462-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study investigated the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of CPUYJ039, a newly synthesized benzimidazole-based kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor, on HCT116 cell lines.
Methods
KSP-inhibitory activity was tested using the malachite-green method. The in-vitro cell proliferation inhibitory activity of the sample was measured using WST reagent. Flow-cytometric evaluation of cellular DNA content was performed. Apoptotic cells were quantified by annexin V-FITC-PI double staining. To confirm that the cytotoxic activity was a consequence of KSP inhibition, microtubule morphology and DNA segregation were observed by double staining of microtubules and DNA. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in CPUYJ039-treated HCT116 cells was detected by Western blotting.
Key findings
CPUYJ039 was evaluated and proved to have potent inhibitory activities in the KSP ATPase and HCT116 cell proliferation assays. CPUYJ039 inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner and markedly induced G2/M phase cell-cycle arrest with characteristic monoastral spindles and subsequent cell death in HCT116 cells, which was associated with an increase of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.
Conclusions
These results suggest that CPUYJ039 may be a novel inducer of apoptosis in HCT116 cells with potent KSP inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wu-Tong Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Long Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Nanjing, China
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25
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Zhang W. Exploring the intermediate states of ADP-ATP exchange: a simulation study on Eg5. J Phys Chem B 2010; 115:784-95. [PMID: 21192710 DOI: 10.1021/jp107255t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While mitotic kinesins have attracted significant attention in recent years as new anticancer drug targets, the underlying mechanism of kinesin-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis is still under investigation. Crystal structures of Eg5, one of the best-studied kinesins, have been solved in both ADP-bound and ATP-bound states. However, it is still extremely challenging to experimentally obtain structural information on the functionally important intermediate states, such as the nucleotide free (apo) and the initial ATP-kinesin collision state. Systematic molecular dynamics simulations were performed in this study to mimic different nucleotide binding states and explore the critical structural and dynamic variations during ADP-ATP exchange. Clear conformational changes from "ADP-like" toward "ATP-like" were observed from the simulation results. A highly conserved residue Arg(234) was found to play a key role during the nucleotide exchange. This positively charged residue acted as the "hub" of a hydrogen-bond network that extended the effect of γ-phosphoryl group to both SW-I and SW-II regions. Comparison among the results of different nucleotide binding states indicated that the existence of γ-phosphoryl was immediately sensed at the initial ATP collision state by residue Ser(233), and this initial interaction induced the "back-door" opening and the "front-door" closing of the nucleotide binding pocket. In addition, several potential allosteric binding sites were identified through combination of correlation analysis and binding site mapping approaches based on the simulated apo ensemble, which provided additional targeting sites for novel allosteric Eg5 inhibition. These molecular simulation results provided not only a better understanding of Eg5-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis but also the structural basis for design of novel specific Eg5 inhibitors as anticancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, USA.
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26
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Shaaban MA, Ghorab MM, Heiba HI, Kamel MM, Zaher NH, Mostafa MI. Novel Thiophenes, Thienopyrimidines, and Triazolothienopyrimidines for the Evaluation of Anticancer and Augmentation Effects of γ-Radiation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2010; 343:404-10. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Abstract
The Gewald reaction of sulfur, cyanoacetic acid derivatives, and oxo-component (G-3CR) yielding highly substituted 2-aminothiophene derivatives has seen diverse applications in combinatorial and medicinal chemistry. Its products are of great use in pharmaceutical industry mainly as small molecular weight inhibitors. We herein review synthetic scope and variations, usage, and structural biology of Gewald products.
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28
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Huang Y, Dömling A. The Gewald multicomponent reaction. Mol Divers 2010; 15:3-33. [PMID: 20191319 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-010-9229-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Xiao S, Shi XX. The first highly stereoselective approach to the mitotic kinesin Eg5 inhibitor HR22C16 and its analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Wang K, Kim D, Dömling A. Cyanoacetamide MCR (III): three-component Gewald reactions revisited. JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY 2010; 12:111-8. [PMID: 19958011 PMCID: PMC3721980 DOI: 10.1021/cc9001586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyanoacetic acid derivatives are the starting materials for a plethora of multicomponent reaction (MCR) scaffolds. Here we describe valuable general protocols for the synthesis of arrays of 2-aminothiophene-3-carboxamides from cyanoacetamides, aldehydes or ketones, and sulfur via a Gewald-3CR variation. In many cases the reactions involve a very convenient work up by simple precipitation in water and filtration. More than 40 new products are described. We foresee our protocol and the resulting derivatives to become very valuable to greatly expanding the MCR scaffold space of cyanoacetamide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Wang
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh 15261, USA
| | - Dabin Kim
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh 15261, USA
| | - Alexander Dömling
- University of Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh 15261, USA
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31
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Balamurugan K, Perumal S, Reddy ASK, Yogeeswari P, Sriram D. A facile domino protocol for the regioselective synthesis and discovery of novel 2-amino-5-arylthieno-[2,3-b]thiophenes as antimycobacterial agents. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Jiang C, You Q, Liu F, Wu W, Guo Q, Chern J, Yang L, Chen M. Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines as New Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:567-71. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Qidong You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Wutong Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Qinglong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Jiwang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Mengling Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University
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33
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Bánhegyi P, Wáczek F, Székelyhidi Z, Hegymegi-Barakonyi B, Kéri G, Őrfi L. New Method for the Synthesis of 2-Acylamino-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxamide Derivatives from the Corresponding Esters. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802116591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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34
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Fleckenstein CA, Plenio H. Highly efficient Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of heterocyclic substrates through rational reaction design. Chemistry 2008; 14:4267-79. [PMID: 18366046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A dicyclohexyl(2-sulfo-9-(3-(4-sulfophenyl)propyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl)phosphonium salt was synthesized in 64% overall yield in three steps from simple commercially available starting materials. The highly water-soluble catalyst obtained from the corresponding phosphine and [Na(2)PdCl(4)] enabled the Suzuki coupling of a broad variety of N- and S-heterocyclic substrates. Chloropyridines (-quinolines) and aryl chlorides were coupled with aryl-, pyridine- or indoleboronic acids in quantitative yields in water/n-butanol solvent mixtures in the presence of 0.005-0.05 mol % of Pd catalyst at 100 degrees C, chloropurines were quantitatively Suzuki coupled in the presence of 0.5 mol % of catalyst, and S-heterocyclic aryl chlorides and aryl- or 3-pyridylboronic acids required 0.01-0.05 mol % Pd catalyst for full conversion. The key to the high activity of the Pd-phosphine catalyst is the rational design of the reaction parameters (i.e., the presence of water in the reaction mixture, good solubility of reactants and catalyst in n-butanol/water (3:1), and the electron-rich and sterically demanding nature of the phosphine ligand).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Fleckenstein
- Anorganische Chemie im Zintl-Institut, TU Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 18, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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35
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Vinogradova MV, Malanina GG, Reddy VS, Reddy ASN, Fletterick RJ. Structural dynamics of the microtubule binding and regulatory elements in the kinesin-like calmodulin binding protein. J Struct Biol 2008; 163:76-83. [PMID: 18513992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2008] [Revised: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kinesins are molecular motors that power cell division and transport of various proteins and organelles. Their motor activity is driven by ATP hydrolysis and depends on interactions with microtubule tracks. Essential steps in kinesin movement rely on controlled alternate binding to and detaching from the microtubules. The conformational changes in the kinesin motors induced by nucleotide and microtubule binding are coordinated by structural elements within their motor domains. Loop L11 of the kinesin motor domain interacts with the microtubule and is implicated in both microtubule binding and sensing nucleotide bound to the active site of kinesin. Consistent with its proposed role as a microtubule sensor, loop L11 is rarely seen in crystal structures of unattached kinesins. Here, we report four structures of a regulated plant kinesin, the kinesin-like calmodulin binding protein (KCBP), determined by X-ray crystallography. Although all structures reveal the kinesin motor in the ATP-like conformation, its loop L11 is observed in different conformational states, both ordered and disordered. When structured, loop L11 adds three additional helical turns to the N-terminal part of the following helix alpha4. Although interactions with protein neighbors in the crystal support the ordering of loop L11, its observed conformation suggests the conformation for loop L11 in the microtubule-bound kinesin. Variations in the positions of other features of these kinesins were observed. A critical regulatory element of this kinesin, the calmodulin binding helix positioned at the C-terminus of the motor domain, is thought to confer negative regulation of KCBP. Calmodulin binds to this helix and inserts itself between the motor and the microtubule. Comparison of five independent structures of KCBP shows that the positioning of the calmodulin binding helix is not decided by crystal packing forces but is determined by the conformational state of the motor. The observed variations in the position of the calmodulin binding helix fit the regulatory mechanism previously proposed for this kinesin motor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia V Vinogradova
- Department of Biochemistry/Biophysics, University of California, 600 16th Street GH S412E, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
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36
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Matsuno K, Sawada JI, Asai A. Therapeutic potential of mitotic kinesin inhibitors in cancer. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.18.3.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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