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Trifonov RE, Ostrovskii VA. Tetrazoles and Related Heterocycles as Promising Synthetic Antidiabetic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17190. [PMID: 38139019 PMCID: PMC10742751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrazole heterocycle is a promising scaffold in drug design, and it is incorporated into active pharmaceutical ingredients of medications of various actions: hypotensives, diuretics, antihistamines, antibiotics, analgesics, and others. This heterocyclic system is metabolically stable and easily participates in various intermolecular interactions with different biological targets through hydrogen bonding, conjugation, or van der Waals forces. In the present review, a systematic analysis of the activity of tetrazole derivatives against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been performed. As it was shown, the tetrazolyl moiety is a key fragment of many antidiabetic agents with different activities, including the following: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) agonists, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitors, aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) agonists, glycogen phosphorylases (GP) Inhibitors, α-glycosidase (AG) Inhibitors, sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT) inhibitors, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) inhibitors, IkB kinase ε (IKKε) and TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1) inhibitors, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). In many cases, the tetrazole-containing leader compounds markedly exceed the activity of medications already known and used in T2DM therapy, and some of them are undergoing clinical trials. In addition, tetrazole derivatives are very often used to act on diabetes-related targets or to treat post-diabetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rostislav E. Trifonov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds, Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), St. Petersburg 190013, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Ostrovskii
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds, Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), St. Petersburg 190013, Russia
- Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), St. Petersburg 199178, Russia
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2
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Kommula D, Chintakunta PK, Garikapati K, Murty MSR. Nano-CuFe 2O 3-catalyzed green synthesis of novel quinazolinone-tetrazole hybrids as anti-cancer agents. Mol Divers 2023; 27:425-441. [PMID: 35503155 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel green protocol has been developed for the synthesis of quinazolinone-tetrazole conjugates (7a-g, 8a-g and 9a-g) using recyclable nano-CuFe2O3 catalyst in water. Initially, 2-mercapto-3-substituted phenethylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (5a-c) was prepared by using nano-CuFe2O3 catalyst in water. Then, compounds (5a-c) were reacted with 1-bromo-3-chloropropane under nano-CuFe2O3 catalyst in water solvent to give S-alkylated quinazolinone core intermediate (6a-c), which was subsequently reacted with 1-substituted-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol (2a-g) by employing the similar reaction conditions to afford the final target compounds. The regioselective formation of C-S bond was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The anti-cancer activity of the derivatives on various cancer cell lines such as SIHA, MD-AMB-231 and HepG2 was evaluated. Remarkably, compounds, 7f, 8f, 9a, 9d and 9f, showed potent activity in MD-AMB-231 cancer cell line (IC50: 9.13-10.3 µM), while the same derivatives showed significant potent activity in SiHa and HepG2 cancer cell lines (IC50: 17.46-27.0 µM). Most significantly, compound 7o (IC50: 8.15 µM) showed potent activity, compared to the drug etoposide (IC50: 18.11 µM) against MD-AMB-231 cell line. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that compounds 7f, 8f, 9a, 9d and 9f arrested the cell growth in the G1 phase in MD-AMB-231 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kommula
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, Discovery Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Praveen Kumar Chintakunta
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, Discovery Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - M S R Murty
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology Division, Discovery Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
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3
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Terra M, García-Arévalo M, Avelino T, Degaki K, Malospirito C, de Carvalho M, Torres F, Saito Â, Figueira A. AM-879, a PPARy non-agonist and Ser273 phosphorylation blocker, promotes insulin sensitivity without adverse effects in mice. Metabol Open 2022; 17:100221. [PMID: 36588655 PMCID: PMC9800205 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is considered a promising pathway on insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue metabolism. The search for molecules acting as insulin sensitizers have increased, especially for molecules that block PPARγ-Ser273 phosphorylation, without reaching full agonism. We evaluated the in vivo effects of AM-879, a PPARγ non-agonist, and found that AM-879 exerts different effects in mice depending on the dose. At lower doses, this ligand decreased BAT, increased leptin and Crh expression. However, at a higher dose, it promoted improvement on insulin sensitivity, ameliorates expression of metabolism-related genes, decreased the expression of genes related to liver toxicity, maintaining body weight and adipocyte size. These results present a new lead molecule to ameliorates insulin resistance and confirm AM-879 as a PPARγ non-agonist which blocks Ser273 phosphorylation as a good strategy to modulate insulin sensitivity without developing the adverse effects promoted by PPARγ full agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.F. Terra
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil,Post Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - M. García-Arévalo
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - T.M. Avelino
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil,Post Graduate Program in Pharmacological Science, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - K.Y. Degaki
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - C.C. Malospirito
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil,Post Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
| | - M. de Carvalho
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil,Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - F.R. Torres
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Â. Saito
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - A.C.M. Figueira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil,Corresponding author.
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Nishikai-Shen T, Hosono-Fukao T, Ariga T, Hosono T, Seki T. Cinnamon extract improves abnormalities in glucose tolerance by decreasing Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family 1 expression in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12574. [PMID: 35869105 PMCID: PMC9307619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWe previously demonstrated that cinnamon extract (CE) alleviates streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rats. The present study aimed to elucidate the detailed molecular target of cinnamon in cultured adipocytes and epididymal adipose tissue of type 2 diabetes model mice. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was employed to determine the molecular target of cinnamon in adipocytes. The function of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family-1 (ACSL1), a molecular target of cinnamon that was identified in this study, was further investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using specific inhibitors. Type 2 diabetes model mice (KK-Ay/TaJcl) were used to investigate the effect of CE on glucose tolerance, ACSL1 expression, and related signal molecules in vivo. CE decreased ACSL1 mRNA and protein expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes but increased glucose uptake and AMPK signaling activation; moreover, a similar effect was observed with an ACSL1 inhibitor. CE improved glucose tolerance and downregulated ACSL1 in mice adipose tissue in vivo. ACSL1 was demonstrated as a molecular target of CE in type 2 diabetes both in a cell culture system and diabetic mouse model.
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Zhang XY, Li QW, Yue HQ, Wu ZQ, Li J, Li M, Lu L, Yang SD, Yang B. Bisphosphorylation of anhydrides - convenient access to bisphosphonates with a P-O-C-P motif. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6665-6668. [PMID: 35593396 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01472f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy of bisphosphorylation of anhydrides with P(O)-H reagents via a DMAP-catalyzed and DBU-promoted process has been developed. These one-step transformations proceed efficiently to provide convenient access to a variety of P-O-C-P motif containing organophosphorus compounds. In addition, the gram-scale synthesis and the efficient recovery of the by-product highlight the sustainability and applicability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi-Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Qi Yue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zi-Qian Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
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de Paula K, Santos JC, Mafud AC, Nascimento AS. Tetrazoles as PPARγ ligands: A structural and computational investigation. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 106:107932. [PMID: 33946041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is an important chronic disease affecting about 10% of the adult population in the US and over 420 million people worldwide, resulting in 1.6 million deaths every year, according to the World Health Organization. The most common type of the disease, type 2 diabetes, can be pharmacologically managed using oral hypoglycemic agents or thiazolidinediones (TZDs), such as pioglitazone, which act by activating the Peroxisome Proliferated-Activated Receptor γ. Despite their beneficial effects in diabetes treatment, TZDs like rosiglitazone and troglitazone were withdrawn due to safety reasons, creating a void in the pharmacological options for the treatment of this important disease. Here, we explored a structure-based approach in the screening for new chemical probes for a deeper investigation of the effects of PPARγ activation. A class of tetrazole compounds was identified and the compounds named T1, T2 and T3 were purchased and evaluated for their ability to interact with the PPARγ ligand binding domain (LBD). The compounds were binders with micromolar range affinity, as determined by their IC50 values. A Monte Carlo simulation of the compound T2 revealed that the tetrazole ring makes favorable interaction with the polar arm of the receptor binding pocket. Finally, the crystal structure of the PPARγ-LBD-T2 complex was solved at 2.3 Å, confirming the binding mode for this compound. The structure also revealed that, when the helix H12 is mispositioned, an alternative binding conformation is observed for the ligand suggesting an H12-dependent binding conformation for the tetrazole compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina de Paula
- Grupo de Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Jademilson C Santos
- Grupo de Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Mafud
- Grupo de Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Alessandro S Nascimento
- Grupo de Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil.
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7
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Wang Y, Yao Y, Liu J, Wu L, Liu T, Cui J, Lee DYW. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Piperine Derivatives as Potential PPARγ Agonists. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:2069-2078. [PMID: 32546971 PMCID: PMC7266110 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s238245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) plays a key role in glucose, which is a ligand-mediated transcription factor. The lipid homeostasis often serves as a pharmacological target for new drug discovery and development. Materials and Methods In the research, we synthesized a series of piperine derivatives and then used a fluorescence polarization-based PPARγ ligand screening assay to evaluate the agonistic activity of PPARγ. Then, we cultured human normal hepatocytes, which were treated with 100μM compounds 2a, 2t or 3d. Then, the levels of PPARγ gene were determined so as to show whether the compounds could activate or inhibit the expression of PPARγ. Results A total of 30 piperine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated. Compound 2a was identified as a potential PPARγ agonist with IC50 at 2.43 μM, which is 2 times more potent than the positive control rosiglitazone with IC50 at 5.61μM. The human hepatocytes cells were cultured and treated with compounds 2a, 2t or 3d as described in the "Materials and Methods" section. We found that compounds 2a, 2t and 3d could activate PPARγ by 11.8, 1.9 and 7.0 times compared with the "blank", with compound 2a activation being the most significant. Molecular docking studies indicated that the piperine derivative 2a stably interacts with the amino acid residues of the PPARγ complex active site, which is consistent with the results of the in vitro PPARγ ligand screening assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China.,Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478, USA.,Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Institute of Biotechnology, Hohhot 010010, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478, USA.,Natural Pharmacia International Inc., Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - Lili Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - David Yue-Wei Lee
- Bio-Organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02478, USA
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Keita H, dos Santos CBR, Ramos MM, Padilha EC, Serafim RB, Castro AN, Amado JRR, da Silva GM, Ferreira IM, Giuliatti S, Carvalho JCT. Assessment of the hypoglycemic effect of Bixin in alloxan-induced diabetic rats: in vivo and in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:1017-1028. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1724567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hady Keita
- Laboratory of Drugs Discovery, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Division of Post-Grade, University of the Sierra, Ixtlán de Juárez, México
| | - Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
- Laboratory of Drugs Discovery, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapa, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mercês Ramos
- Research Group Biocatalysis and Apllied Organic Synthesis, Federal University of Amapa, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Elias Carvalho Padilha
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Bortolozo Serafim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Andres Navarrete Castro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jesus Rafael Rodriguez Amado
- Laboratory of Drugs Discovery, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Monteiro da Silva
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Irlon Maciel Ferreira
- Research Group Biocatalysis and Apllied Organic Synthesis, Federal University of Amapa, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Silvana Giuliatti
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratory of Drugs Discovery, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapa, Macapá, Brazil
- Research Group Biocatalysis and Apllied Organic Synthesis, Federal University of Amapa, Macapá, Brazil
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9
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Yang Z, Zhao Y, Hao D, Ren S, Yuan X, Meng L, Zhang S. Bindings of PPARγ ligand-binding domain with 5-cholesten-3β, 25-diol, 3-sulfate: accurate prediction by molecular simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:1918-1926. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1620129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yizhen Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dongxiao Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shunlin Ren
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs McGuire Medical Center/Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingjie Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shengli Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Rosiglitazone Enhances Browning Adipocytes in Association with MAPK and PI3-K Pathways During the Differentiation of Telomerase-Transformed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells into Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071618. [PMID: 30939750 PMCID: PMC6480475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk for diabetes. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) mediates production of heat while white adipose tissue (WAT) function in the storage of fat. Roles of BAT in the treatment of obesity and related disorders warrants more investigation. Peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is the master regulator of both BAT and WAT adipogenesis and has roles in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Adipose tissue is the major expression site for PPAR-γ. In this study, the effects of rosiglitazone on the brown adipogenesis and the association of MAPK and PI3K pathways was investigated during the in vitro adipogenic differentiation of telomerase transformed mesenchymal stromal cells (iMSCs). Our data indicate that 2 µM rosiglitazone enhanced adipogenesis by over-expression of PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α. More specifically, brown adipogenesis was enhanced by the upregulation of EBF2 and UCP-1 and evidenced by multilocular fatty droplets morphology of the differentiated adipocytes. We also found that rosiglitazone significantly activated MAPK and PI3K pathways at the maturation stage of differentiation. Overall, the results indicate that rosiglitazone induced overexpression of PPAR-γ that in turn enhanced adipogenesis, particularly browning adipogenesis. This study reports the browning effects of rosiglitazone during the differentiation of iMSCs into adipocytes in association with the activation of MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways.
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Rádai Z, Windt T, Nagy V, Füredi A, Kiss NZ, Ranđelović I, Tóvári J, Keglevich G, Szakács G, Tóth S. Synthesis and anticancer cytotoxicity with structural context of an α-hydroxyphosphonate based compound library derived from substituted benzaldehydes. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02144b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized substituted benzaldehyde derived α-hydroxyphosphonates (αOHP), α-hydroxyphosphonic acids (αOHPA) and α-phosphinoyloxyphosphonates (αOPP) and characterized their cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines.
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12
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Ribeiro Filho HV, Bernardi Videira N, Bridi AV, Tittanegro TH, Helena Batista FA, de Carvalho Pereira JG, de Oliveira PSL, Bajgelman MC, Le Maire A, Figueira ACM. Screening for PPAR Non-Agonist Ligands Followed by Characterization of a Hit, AM-879, with Additional No-Adipogenic and cdk5-Mediated Phosphorylation Inhibition Properties. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:11. [PMID: 29449830 PMCID: PMC5799700 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a member of a nuclear receptor superfamily and acts as a ligand-dependent transcription factor, playing key roles in maintenance of adipose tissue and in regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis. This receptor is the target of thiazolidinediones, a class of antidiabetic drugs, which improve insulin sensitization and regulate glycemia in type 2 diabetes. Despite the beneficial effects of drugs, such as rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, their use is associated with several side effects, including weight gain, heart failure, and liver disease, since these drugs induce full activation of the receptor. By contrast, a promising activation-independent mechanism that involves the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5)-mediated PPARγ phosphorylation has been related to the insulin-sensitizing effects induced by these drugs. Thus, we aimed to identify novel PPARγ ligands that do not possess agonist properties by conducting a mini-trial with 80 compounds using the sequential steps of thermal shift assay, 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid fluorescence quenching, and a cell-based transactivation assay. We identified two non-agonist PPARγ ligands, AM-879 and P11, and one partial-agonist, R32. Using fluorescence anisotropy, we show that AM-879 does not dissociate the NCOR corepressor in vitro, and it has only a small effect on TRAP coactivator recruitment. In cells, AM-879 could not induce adipocyte differentiation or positively regulate the expression of genes associated with adipogenesis. In addition, AM-879 inhibited CDK5-mediated phosphorylation of PPARγ in vitro. Taken together, these findings supported an interaction between AM-879 and PPARγ; this interaction was identified by the analysis of the crystal structure of the PPARγ:AM-879 complex and evidenced by AM-879's mechanism of action as a putative PPARγ non-agonist with antidiabetic properties. Moreover, we present an optimized assay pipeline capable of detecting ligands that physically bind to PPARγ but do not cause its activation as a new strategy to identify ligands for this nuclear receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Veras Ribeiro Filho
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Natália Bernardi Videira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Aline Villanova Bridi
- Post Graduation Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thais Helena Tittanegro
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - José Geraldo de Carvalho Pereira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Lopes de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcio Chaim Bajgelman
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Albane Le Maire
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Carolina Migliorini Figueira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Structures of PPARγ complexed with lobeglitazone and pioglitazone reveal key determinants for the recognition of antidiabetic drugs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16837. [PMID: 29203903 PMCID: PMC5715099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor (PPAR) γ is a nuclear hormone receptor that regulates glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and adipocyte function. PPARγ is a target for thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of drugs which are widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recently, lobeglitazone was developed as a highly effective TZD with reduced side effects by Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceuticals. To identify the structural determinants for the high potency of lobeglitazone as a PPARγ agonist, we determined the crystal structures of the PPARγ ligand binding domain (LBD) in complex with lobeglitazone and pioglitazone at 1.7 and 1.8 Å resolutions, respectively. Comparison of ligand-bound PPARγ structures revealed that the binding modes of TZDs are well conserved. The TZD head group forms hydrogen bonds with the polar residues in the AF-2 pocket and helix 12, stabilizing the active conformation of the LBD. The unique p-methoxyphenoxy group of lobeglitazone makes additional hydrophobic contacts with the Ω-pocket. Docking analysis using the structures of TZD-bound PPARγ suggested that lobeglitazone displays 12 times higher affinity to PPARγ compared to rosiglitazone and pioglitazone. This structural difference correlates with the enhanced affinity and the low effective dose of lobeglitazone compared to the other TZDs.
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Evaluation of selected 3D virtual screening tools for the prospective identification of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ partial agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:49-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ma L, Wang T, Shi M, Ye H. Synthesis, activity, and docking study of phenylthiazole acids as potential agonists of PPARγ. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:1807-15. [PMID: 27313447 PMCID: PMC4892293 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s106406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-mediated transcription factor playing key roles in glucose and lipid homeostasis, and PPARγ ligands possess therapeutic potential in these as well as other areas. In this study, a series of phenylthiazole acids have been synthesized and evaluated for agonistic activity by a convenient fluorescence polarization-based PPARγ ligand screening assay. Compound 4t, as a potential PPARγ agonist with half maximal effective concentration (EC50) 0.75±0.20 μM, exhibited in vitro potency comparable with a 0.83±0.14 μM of the positive control rosiglitazone. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that phenylthiazole acid 4t interacted with the amino acid residues of the active site of the PPARγ complex in a stable manner, consistent with the result of the in vitro ligand assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Taijin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institute, West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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16
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Abstract
It is now plausible to dock libraries of 10 million molecules against targets over several days or weeks. When the molecules screened are commercially available, they may be rapidly tested to find new leads. Although docking retains important liabilities (it cannot calculate affinities accurately nor even reliably rank order high-scoring molecules), it can often can distinguish likely from unlikely ligands, often with hit rates above 10%. Here we summarize the improvements in libraries, target quality, and methods that have supported these advances, and the open access resources that make docking accessible. Recent docking screens for new ligands are sketched, as are the binding, crystallographic, and in vivo assays that support them. Like any technique, controls are crucial, and key experimental ones are reviewed. With such controls, docking campaigns can find ligands with new chemotypes, often revealing the new biology that may be docking's greatest impact over the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and QB3 Institute, University of California-San Francisco , San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and QB3 Institute, University of California-San Francisco , San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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17
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Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ in Ocular Diseases. J Ophthalmol 2015; 2015:275435. [PMID: 26146566 PMCID: PMC4471377 DOI: 10.1155/2015/275435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the control of a variety of physiological processes. The last decade has witnessed an increasing interest for the role played by the agonists of PPAR γ in antiangiogenesis, antifibrosis, anti-inflammation effects and in controlling oxidative stress response in various organs. As the pathologic mechanisms of major blinding diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), keratitis, and optic neuropathy, often involve neoangiogenesis and inflammation- and oxidative stress-mediated cell death, evidences are accumulating on the potential benefits of PPAR γ to improve or prevent these vision threatening eye diseases. In this paper we describe what is known about the role of PPAR γ in the ocular pathophysiological processes and PPAR γ agonists as novel adjuvants in the treatment of eye diseases.
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Li T, Wang W, Zhao JH, Zhou X, Li YM, Chen H. Pseudolaric acid B inhibits T-cell mediated immune response in vivo via p38MAPK signal cascades and PPARγ activation. Life Sci 2014; 121:88-96. [PMID: 25497712 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Pseudolaric acid B (PAB) has been prescribed for its potent immunomodulatory effect. However, the detail of mechanism remains to be demonstrated. The purpose of this study is to further clarify the mechanism of PAB on T-cell mediated immune response in vivo. MAIN METHODS Investigations were carried to ascertain the pharmacological effect of PAB in a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) mouse model of T-cell mediated immune response. Histological assessment was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Affymetrix GeneChip® Mouse Genome 430 2.0 arrays were employed to evaluate the expression profile of PAB. Western blot was performed to detect p38MAPK signal cascades, including p38MAPK, ATF-2, MK2, and HSP27. Finally, TNF-α level was analyzed by ELISA, and Jurkat T cells were treated with PAB to determine its role on PPARγ activation using a reporter gene assay. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that PAB (5, 10, and 20mg/kg) could lead to a marked improvement for ear swelling and inflammatory infiltrate in DTH mice dose-dependently. According to the associated biological pathways from microarray analysis, PAB resulted in the restoration of abnormal immune-related gene expression linked to MAPK and PPAR signaling pathways. Moreover, PAB inhibited the activation of p38MAPK, ATF-2, MK2, and HSP27 significantly, as well as the production of TNF-α, which was reversed by GW9662, a specific antagonist for PPARγ. In addition, treatment with PAB also increased the transcriptional activity of PPARγ in a dose-dependent manner. SIGNIFICANCE These results provide us with novel insights into pharmacological action of PAB as a potential immunomodulator for the treatment of immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Ji-hong Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China; Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China; Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yu-ming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Occupational and Environmental Hazard, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China.
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Wang XJ, Zhang J, Wang SQ, Xu WR, Cheng XC, Wang RL. Identification of novel multitargeted PPARα/γ/δ pan agonists by core hopping of rosiglitazone. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:2255-62. [PMID: 25422585 PMCID: PMC4232041 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s70383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The thiazolidinedione class peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists are restricted in clinical use as antidiabetic agents because of side effects such as edema, weight gain, and heart failure. The single and selective agonism of PPARγ is the main cause of these side effects. Multitargeted PPARα/γ/δ pan agonist development is the hot topic in the antidiabetic drug research field. In order to identify PPARα/γ/δ pan agonists, a compound database was established by core hopping of rosiglitazone, which was then docked into a PPARα/γ/δ active site to screen out a number of candidate compounds with a higher docking score and better interaction with the active site. Further, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity prediction was done to give eight compounds. Molecular dynamics simulation of the representative Cpd#1 showed more favorable binding conformation for PPARs receptor than the original ligand. Cpd#1 could act as a PPARα/γ/δ pan agonist for novel antidiabetic drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Qing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ren Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Chao Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Ling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Thao NP, Luyen BTT, Ngan NTT, Dat LD, Cuong NX, Nam NH, Kiem PV, Song SB, Minh CV, Kim YH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transactivational effects in HepG2 cells of cembranoids from the soft coral Lobophytum crassum Von Marenzeller. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:769-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Kuhn BL, Fortes MP, Kaufman TS, Silveira CC. Facile, efficient and eco-friendly synthesis of 5-sulfenyl tetrazole derivatives of indoles and pyrroles. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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